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Energy Harvesting & Storage

This document discusses energy harvesting from human motion to power wearable devices. It outlines the energy harvesting model using a spring, proof mass and damping coefficient to convert kinetic energy from human movement into electrical energy. The document describes collecting acceleration data from wearables on different body parts during daily activities to analyze the harvested energy. It provides equations to calculate the harvested energy and average power based on the acceleration data and device parameters.

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AcMan
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22 views

Energy Harvesting & Storage

This document discusses energy harvesting from human motion to power wearable devices. It outlines the energy harvesting model using a spring, proof mass and damping coefficient to convert kinetic energy from human movement into electrical energy. The document describes collecting acceleration data from wearables on different body parts during daily activities to analyze the harvested energy. It provides equations to calculate the harvested energy and average power based on the acceleration data and device parameters.

Uploaded by

AcMan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Comparison of Energy Harvesting Systems for Wireless


Sensor Networks
2. A Quantitative Investigation of Inertial Power Harvesting
for Human-powered Devices

ENERGY HARVESTING &


STORAGE
Hyeon Joo
OUTLINE

 Power requirement
 Suitable scavenging energy source
 Energy conversion device
 Vibration
POWER REQUIREMENT
Power requirement
Power requirement

Actuator and
Communication
consumes a large
proportion of total
power
SUITABLE SCAVENGING
ENERGY SOURCE
Mechanical energy source

 Steady state mechanical source


 Steady state: wind, flow, current..
 Intermittent mechanical source
 Human activity(walking, typing.. 5.88J/2steps )
 Vehicles passing
 Vibration
 Energy depends on the amplitude and its freq.
 Mass of harvesting device relative to the vibrating
mass
Mechanical energy source

Typically vibration is made up of a


number of fundamental freq. and
their harmonic
ENERGY CONVERSION DEVICES
Vibration

m: seismic mass
k: spring of stiffness
u(t): Position of case
x(t): Position of the seismic
b: Damping coefficient
Vibration
m: seismic mass
k: spring of stiffness
u(t): Position of case
x(t): Position of the seismic
b: Damping coefficient

Mx’’(t) + Bx’(t) + Kx(t) = - Mu’’(t)


Vibration
m: seismic mass
k: spring of stiffness
u(t): Position of case
x(t): Position of the seismic
b: Damping coefficient

2
x(t )  U sin(t   )
k b 2
(  )  ( )
2 2

m m
Vibration
mx’’(t) + bx’(t) + kx(t) = - mu’’(t)

b k 2
x ''(t )  x '(t )  x(t )  u ''(t )  U ( j )
m m k b
bS k (   )  j( )
2

S 2 X (s)  X ( s )  X ( s )   S 2U ( s ) m m
m m
2
S 2  U ( j )
X (s)  U ( s) k b
bS k (   2 )2  ( )2
S2   m m
m m
S  j U ( j )  U  sin(t )e  jt dt
( j ) 2
X ( j )  U ( j )
b k 2
( j )  ( j ) 
2
x(t )  U sin(t   )
m m k b
(   2 )2  ( )2
m m
Vibration

ω : vibration freq
ωn : natural freq
T : damping factor

ω =ωn => peak power


(resonant)

n  k / m
 2 3
m TY 2 ( )
Pd  n
 
[1  ( ) 2 ]2  [2 T ( )]2
n n
Vibration
ω : vibration freq
ωn : natural freq

mA2
T : damping factor
Pd 
4 n T

Increase the damping factor


Reducing the peak power,
 but increase bw

2
mA
Pd 
4 n T
Vibration
ω : vibration freq
ωn : natural freq

mA2
T : damping factor
Pd 
4 n T

Thus,
1) fixed freq => low d.f.
2) Various freq => high d.f.

2
mA
Pd 
4 n T
Vibration
mAZ max  n
Pe   Harvested energy is
4
proportional to the m
m  d 3
d 3  AZ max  n
Pe 
4
Z max  d
Pe max  d 4  A n
m d 
3

4 1

Pe max  m  A n
3 3
Vibration

 Piezoelectric conversion (pressure)


 Commonly used material: PZT, BaTiO3, PVDF
 Electrostatic conversion
1
 The formation of a parallel plate capacitor E  QV
2
 Electromagnetic conversion
 Magnetic and coil
Intermittent mechanical conv.

 Piezoelectric conversion

 Electro-active polymers(EAP) conversion

 Electromagnetic conversion
ANY QUESTIONS?
OUTLINE

 Motivation
 Mobile device
 Energy harvesting model
 Data Analysis
 Power Estimation
Motivation

 Human motion energy harvesting


 Electronic devices
 Realistic experiment
 6 different parts of body
Mobile devices

Wearable device
Energy harvesting model

k: spring constant
m:proof mass
d: damping coefficient
y(t): generator displacement
z(t): generator’s motion
Zmax: interval travel limit
Energy harvesting model

 Loggers: 1GB SD
80HZ
Data Analysis

 3-aixs accelerometers (X,Y,Z)


 Harvest energy from daily human activities
using free motion
 Only kinetic energy from human body
 Zero-gravity for accuracy
 High-passed filtered with 0.05Hz cuffoff
Data Analysis
Data Analysis
Data Analysis

z2
Ed   Fdz
z1

F  Dz '
z2 T dz dz T
Ed   Dz ' dz   D dt  D  z '' dt
z1 t 0 dt dt t 0

1 D T
Paverage  Ed   z '' dt
T T t 0
ANY QUESTIONS?

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