UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES ENGINEERING DATA ANALYSIS

Prepared by: CLAZE THERESE DE VERA, ECE, ECT 4

Problem Set No. 1: SAMPLE SPACES AND PROBABILITY

Student Name: ________________________________________________________ Score: ___________

Student Number: _____________________________________ Block: ___________ Date: ____________

Solve the following:

1. Classify each statement as an example of classical probability, empirical probability, or subjective

probability.

a. The probability that a person will watch the 6 o’clock evening news is 0.15.

b. The probability that a bus will be in an accident on a specific run is about 6%.

c. The probability that a student will get a C or better in a statistics course is about 70%.

d. The probability that a new fast-food restaurant will be a success in Chicago is 35%.

e. The probability that interest rates will rise in the next 6 months is 0.50.

2. Selecting a Bill. A box contains a $1 bill, a $5 bill, a $10 bill, and a $20 bill. A bill is selected at random,

and it is not replaced; then a second bill is selected at random. Draw a tree diagram and determine the

sample space.

3. Selecting Numbered Balls. Four balls numbered 1 through 4 are placed in a box. A ball is selected

at random, and its number is noted; then it is replaced. A second ball is selected at random, and its

number is noted. Draw a tree diagram and determine the sample space.

4. Federal Government Revenue. The source of federal government revenue for a specific year is 50%

from individual income taxes, 32% from social insurance payroll taxes, 10% from corporate income

taxes, 3% from excise taxes and 5% other. If a revenue source is selected at random, what is the

probability that it comes from individual or corporate income taxes?

5. Sources of Energy Uses in the United States. A breakdown of the sources of energy used in the

United States is shown below. Choose one energy source at random. Find the probability that it is (a)

Not oil; (b) Natural gas or oil; (c) Nuclear

Oil 39% Natural gas 24% Coal 23%

Nuclear 8% Hydropower 3% Other 3%

6. Roulette. A roulette wheel has 38 spaces numbered 1 through 36, 0, and 00. Find the probability of

getting (a) An odd number (Do not count 0 or 00.); (b) A number greater than 27; and (c) A number

that contains the digit 0.

Prepared by: CLAZE THERESE DE VERA, ECE, ECT 5

7. Human Blood Types. Human blood is grouped into four types. The percentages of Americans with

each type are: O – 43%, A – 40%, B – 12%, and AB – 5%. Choose one American at random. Find

the probability that this person (a) Has type O blood; (b) Has type A or B; and (c) Does not have type

O or A.

8. List all the outcomes included in each of the following events. Indicate which are simple and which are

compound events.

a. Both students suffer from math anxiety.

b. Exactly one student suffers from math anxiety.

c. The first student does not suffer and the second suffers from math anxiety.

d. None of the students suffers from math anxiety.

9. In a large city, 15,000 workers lost their jobs last year. Of them, 7400 lost their jobs because their

companies closed down or moved, 4600 lost their jobs due to insufficient work, and the remainder lost

their jobs because their positions were abolished. If one of these 15,000 workers is selected at random,

find the probability that this worker lost his or her job

a. because the company closed down or moved

b. due to insufficient work

c. because the position was abolished

10. Rolling Dice. Roll two dice and multiply the numbers. (a) What is the probability that the product is a

multiple of 6? (b) What is the probability that the product is less than 10?

Prepared by: CLAZE THERESE DE VERA, ECE, ECT 6

Problem Set No. 2: RULES OF PROBABILITY

Student Name: ________________________________________________________ Score: ___________

Student Number: _____________________________________ Block: ___________ Date: ____________

Solve the following:

1. Determine whether these events are mutually exclusive.

a. Roll a die: Get an even number, and get a number less than 3.

b. Roll a die: Get a prime number (2, 3, 5), and get an odd number.

c. Roll a die: Get a number greater than 3, and get a number less than 3.

d. Select a student in your class: The student has blond hair, and the student has blue eyes.

e. Select a student in your college: The student is a sophomore, and the student is a business

major.

f. Select any course: It is a calculus course, and it is an English course.

g. Select a registered voter: The voter is a Republican, and the voter is a Democrat.

2. State which events are independent and which are dependent.

a. Tossing a coin and drawing a card from a deck

b. Drawing a ball from an urn, not replacing it, and then drawing a second ball

c. Getting a raise in salary and purchasing a new car

d. Driving on ice and having an accident

e. Having a large shoe size and having a high IQ

f. A father being left-handed and a daughter being left-handed

3. The probability that a given tourist goes to the amusement park is 0.47, and the probability that she

goes to the water park is 0.58. If the probability that she goes to either the water park or the amusement

park is 0.95, what is the probability that she visits both of the parks on vacation?

4. Two dice are rolled. Find the probability of getting

a. A sum of 5, 6, or 7

b. Doubles or a sum of 6 or 8

c. A sum greater than 8 or less than 3

5. A local postal carrier distributes first – class letters, advertisements, and magazines. For a certain day,

she distributed the following numbers of each type of item.

Prepared by: CLAZE THERESE DE VERA, ECE, ECT 7

FIRST – CLASS
DELIVERED TO ADS MAGAZINES
LETTERS
HOME 325 406 203
BUSINESS 732 1021 97

If an item of mail is selected at random, find these probabilities.

a. The item went to a home.

b. The item was an ad, or it went to a business.

c. The item was a first-class letter, or it went to a home.

6. A recent study of 200 nurses found that of 125 female nurses, 56 had bachelor’s degrees; and of 75

male nurses, 34 had bachelor’s degrees. If a nurse is selected at random, find the probability that the

nurse is

a. A female nurse with a bachelor’s degree

b. A male nurse

c. A male nurse with a bachelor’s degree

7. Thirty-five percent of people who own cell phones use their phones to send and receive text messages.

Choose 4 cell phone owners at random. What is the probability that none use their phones for texting?

8. It was reported that 19.8% of computer games sold in 2005 were classified as “family and children’s.”

Choose 5 purchased computer games at random. Find the probability that

a. None of the 5 were family and children’s

b. At least 1 of the 5 was family and children’s

9. In a scientific study there are 8 guinea pigs, 5 of which are pregnant. If 3 are selected at random without

replacement, find the probability that all are pregnant.

10. An insurance company classifies drivers as low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk. Of those insured, 60%

are low-risk, 30% are medium-risk, and 10% are high-risk. After a study, the company finds that during

a 1-year period, 1% of the low-risk drivers had an accident, 5% of the medium-risk drivers had an

accident, and 9% of the high-risk drivers had an accident. If a driver is selected at random, find the

probability that the driver will have had an accident during the year.

11. At a large university, the probability that a student takes calculus and is on the dean’s list is 0.042.

The probability that a student is on the dean’s list is 0.21. Find the probability that the student is taking

calculus, given that he or she is on the dean’s list.

Prepared by: CLAZE THERESE DE VERA, ECE, ECT 8