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Pediatric Primitive Reflexes

- The document describes several infant reflexes, including their descriptions, typical ages of resolution, and functional significance. - Examples are the stepping reflex, asymmetric tonic neck reflex, plantar grasp, palmar grasp, Moro reflex, rooting reflex, and Babinski sign. - The reflexes aid in development of motor skills, coordination, and feeding abilities in infants. Persistence beyond typical ages can indicate neurological abnormalities.

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Jonathan
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225 views

Pediatric Primitive Reflexes

- The document describes several infant reflexes, including their descriptions, typical ages of resolution, and functional significance. - Examples are the stepping reflex, asymmetric tonic neck reflex, plantar grasp, palmar grasp, Moro reflex, rooting reflex, and Babinski sign. - The reflexes aid in development of motor skills, coordination, and feeding abilities in infants. Persistence beyond typical ages can indicate neurological abnormalities.

Uploaded by

Jonathan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Age at

Reflex Description Functional significance


resolution
– Term infant: heel-to-toe stepping
– Stepping motion (alternating leg flexion & 2
Stepping reflex pattern
extension) months
– Preterm infant: tip-toe stepping pattern
– Fencing posture (flexion of contralateral arm
Asymmetrical – ATNR aids in development of hand-eye
& leg) when infant’s head turned to one side 3–4
tonic neck reflex coordination
 Ipsilateral extension of arm & leg months
(ATNR) –Persistent ATNR linked to ADHD
 Flexion of contralateral arm & leg
– Plantar flexion (curling in) of infant’s toes 3 – Absence of plantar reflex at birth can be
Plantar grasp
when stroked from toe to heel months Sx of cerebral palsy
– presence of palmar grasp on only 1 side
indicates ipsilateral brachial
3–6
Palmar grasp – Palm closure when palm stroked horizontally plexus/peripheral nerve injury
months
– Absence of palmar reflex at birth can be
Sx of cerebral palsy
– Absence of Moro reflex on 1 side
indicates:
– Abduction & extension of arms + opening
 ipsilateral brachial plexus injury
Moro reflex of hands, followed by Adduction & flexion of 3–6
 ipsilateral fracture clavicle
(startle reflex) elbows when infant’s head suddenly allowed to months
– Absence of Moro reflex indicates brain
fall back while held in supine position
injury (e.g. birth asphyxia, intracranial
hemorrhage)
– Rooting reflex: infant turns head to ipsilateral
side & opens mouth to cheek stroked
– Reappearance of these signs in adult is
– Sucking reflex: infant starts to suck finger
Reflexes which 4 sign of central neurodegenerative or
when roof of moth touched w/ finger
assist in feeding months vascular dz, often affecting frontal
– Snout reflex: Puckering of lips when light
lobes (frontal release signs)
pressure or tapping applied to infant’s closed lips
(midline)
– Rotation of ipsilateral hip when infant held 4–6 – Persistent Galant reflex a/w ADHD &
Galant reflex
prone & paravertebral region stroked on 1 side months bed-wetting
4–6 – Persistence or reappearance is a frontal
Glabellar tap sign – Blinking w/ each tap of root of nose (glabella)
months release sign
– Dorsiflexion of foot + Toes fanning + – Presence or persistence of Babinski sign
12
Babinski sign Extension of great toe when lateral border of beyond 12 months is indicative of UMN
months
sole of foot stroked from heel to toe lesion

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