Operating Instructions V20/V30

Karl Fischer Titrators

Table of Contents

1   Introduction 7
2   Safety Notes 8
2.1   Definition of Signal Warnings and Symbols 8
2.2   Product Specific Safety Notes 8
3   Karl Fischer Water Determination - Measuring Principle 10
3.1   Volumetric water content determination 10
4   Description of Functions 11
4.1   Layout of the Terminal 11
4.2   Operating the Touchscreen 11
4.3   The Homescreen 11
4.4   The User Interface 11
4.4.1   Entering Data in the User Interface. 12
4.4.2   Shortcuts and Direct Shortcuts 12
4.4.3   The Start analysis dialog 13
4.4.4   Online Dialog 13
4.4.4.1   Pretitration 13
4.4.4.2   Standby 14
5   Setup 16
5.1   Chemicals 16
5.1.1   Titrant 17
5.1.2   Concentration standards 17
5.2   Hardware 18
5.2.1   Sensors 18
5.2.2   Pump 18
5.2.3   Peripherals 18
5.2.3.1   Balance 18
5.2.3.2   Barcode reader 19
5.2.3.3   USB-Stick 19
5.2.3.4   Printer and USB data export 20
5.2.3.5   PC settings 21
5.2.3.6   Network settings 21
5.2.3.7   Fingerprint reader 22
5.2.3.8   LevelSens 22
5.2.4   Titration stands 23
5.2.5   Homogenizer 24
5.3   User settings 24
5.3.1   Language 24
5.3.2   Screen 24
5.3.3   Beep 24
5.3.4   Shortcuts 25
5.3.5   Keyboards 25
5.4   Global settings 25
5.4.1   System 25
5.4.2   User Management 26
5.4.3   Analysis and resources behavior 27
5.4.3.1   Monitoring the Expiration Date and Life Span of Resources 29
5.4.4   Solvent Control 30
5.5   Maintenance & Service 31
5.5.1   MT service 31
5.5.2   Import/Export 32

Table of Contents 3
 5.5.3   Reset to factory settings 32
5.5.4   Titrator firmware history 32
5.5.5   Board firmware 32
5.5.6   Terminal 33
5.5.7   Board data 33
5.5.8   Upgrade 33
5.5.9   Update 33
5.5.10   Drives 33
5.6   Values 33
5.6.1   Blanks 33
5.6.2   Auxiliary values 34
5.7   Terminal 34
6   Manual operations 35
6.1   Stirrer 35
6.2   Sensor 35
6.2.1   Polarized sensor 36
6.3   Burette 36
6.3.1   Rinse burette 36
6.3.2   Dispense 37
6.4   Pump 37
7   Methods 39
7.1   METTLER TOLEDO Methods 39
7.2   Creating Methods 40
7.2.1   Method Templates 40
7.3   Modifying or Deleting Methods 41
7.4   Starting Methods 41
7.5   Stopping methods 42
7.6   Method Syntax – Rules for Establishing a Method 42
7.6.1   Possible Number of Method Functions 42
7.6.2   Types and Possible Number of Loops 43
7.6.3   Sample loops 43
7.6.4   Method Functions Within a Loop 43
7.6.5   Method Functions Outside of a Loop 44
7.7   Overview of Method Functions 44
7.8   Method functions 45
7.8.1   Title 45
7.8.2   Drift determination 46
7.8.3   Sample (KF) 46
7.8.4   Titration stand 49
7.8.5   Homogenizer 49
7.8.6   Mix time 50
7.8.7   Titration (KF vol) 50
7.8.8   Auxiliary value 51
7.8.9   Blank 51
7.8.10   Instruction 52
7.8.11   Calculation 52
7.8.12   Record 54
7.8.13   End of sample 54
7.8.14   Standby 55
7.8.15   Hidden method functions 55

4 Table of Contents
8   Series templates 56
8.1   Sample series 56
8.2   Sample parameters 56
9   Analysis Sequences 58
9.1   Starting an Analysis 58
9.2   Analysis sequence steps 59
9.2.1   KF Analysis sequence 59
9.2.1.1   Series analyses with the "Stromboli" oven sample changer 61
9.2.1.2   External extraction 62
9.2.1.3   Switching between determination types 62
9.2.1.4   Analysis records 63
9.2.1.5   Replacing the titrant 63
10   Results 64
10.1   Result proposal lists for Karl Fischer titration 64
10.1.1   Internal calculations 66
10.2   All results 66
10.3   Add result 67
10.4   Statistics 67
10.4.1   Outlier test 67
10.5   Recalculate 68
10.6   Samples 68
10.7   Undo changes 69
10.8   Delete all results 69
11   Analysis data 70
12   Evaluate and calculate 71
12.1   Indexing of method functions 71
12.2   Naming conventions for using analysis data in calculations 71
12.3   Formulas 73
12.3.1   Using analysis data in formulas 73
12.3.2   Sample formulas 73
12.3.3   Mathematical functions and operators 74
  Index 76

Table of Contents 5
1   Introduction
Simple and compact
The devices in METTLER TOLEDO's Titration Compact Line are modern, compact titrators for use in a wide vari­
ety of application areas. They can be used, for example, in quality control as well as in research and develop­
ment and satisfy the most demanding of requirements.
The titrators in the Titration Compact Line perfectly combine simple, easy-to-understand operation with an
extremely high level of precision and outstanding reliability. Thanks to automatic titrant recognition (Plug &
Play burettes), the titrator independently identifies which titrant is required without intervention from the operator.
Settings no longer need to be adjusted manually, even when connecting a printer or a Stromboli oven sample
changer.
Titration Compact devices can either be controlled by touchscreen or by using LabX PC software. The large col­
or touchscreen allows intuitive control by the user and flexibility in its adjustment options. All functions can be
activated directly from the home screen via shortcuts which can be freely created, making everyday use
extremely easier. The touchscreen control of the titrator and all adjustable parameters are described in detail in
the operating instructions.
The separate installation information explains all the necessary steps for installing and commissioning your
device. The enclosed "Quick Guide" then guides you through the first titration using a practical example. If you
have any additional questions, METTLER TOLEDO is always available to assist you.

Introduction 7
 2   Safety Notes
2.1   Definition of Signal Warnings and Symbols
Safety notes are marked with signal words and warning symbols. These show safety issues and warnings.
Ignoring the safety notes may lead to personal injury, damage to the instrument, malfunctions and false results.
Signal words
WARNING for a hazardous situation with medium risk, possibly resulting in severe
injuries or death if not avoided.

CAUTION for a hazardous situation with low risk, resulting in damage to the device or
the property or in loss of data, or minor or medium injuries if not avoided.

Attention (no symbol)

for important information about the product.

Note (no symbol)

for useful information about the product.

Warning symbols
General hazard Electrical shock

Toxic substance Inflammable or explosive substance

Acid / Corrosion

2.2   Product Specific Safety Notes

Your instrument represents state-of-the-art technology and complies with all recognized safety rules, however,
certain hazards may arise in extraneous circumstances. Do not open the housing of the instrument; it does not
contain any parts that can be maintained, repaired or replaced by the user. If you ever have problems with your
instrument, contact your authorized METTLER TOLEDO dealer or service representative.
Intended use
This instrument is designed to be used in analytical laboratories and is suitable for the
processing of reagents and solvents.
The use therefore requires knowledge and experience in working with toxic and caustic sub­
stances as well as knowledge and experience working with application-specific reagents,
which may be toxic or hazardous.
The manufacturer shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from incorrect usage
divergent to the operating instructions. Furthermore, the manufacturer`s technical specifica­
tions and limits must be adhered to at all times and in no way exceeded.

Location
The instrument has been developed for indoor operation and may not be used in explosive
environments.
Place the instrument in a location which is suitable for the operation, protected from direct
sunlight and corrosive gases. Avoid powerful vibrations, excessive temperature fluctuations
and temperatures below 5 °C and above 40 °C.

8 Safety Notes
Protective Clothing
It is advisable to wear protective clothing in the laboratory when working with hazardous or toxic substances.
A lab coat should be worn.

Suitable eye protection such as goggles should be worn.

Use appropriate gloves when handling chemicals or hazardous substances, checking their
integrity before use.

Safety notes
WARNING
 

Risk of electric shock

Use only 3-pin grounded electrical outlet and extension cables to connect the instrument.
a) Only 3-pin grounded electrical outlet and extension cables for connecting your instrument
must be used.
b) Intentional disconnection of the equipment grounding conductor is prohibited.

WARNING
 

Risk of corrosion
Leaks in tubing connections and loose titration vessels are a safety risk.
a) Tighten all connections well by hand, avoid applying excessive force to tubing connec­
tions.
b) ‌Always test the titration vessel for firm seating in the titration head.

WARNING
 

Flammable solvents
All relevant safety measures must be observed when working with flammable solvents and
chemicals.
a) Keep all sources of flame away from the workplace.
b) When using chemicals and solvents, comply with the instructions of the producer and
the general lab safety rules.

WARNING
 

Chemicals
All relevant safety measures are to be observed when working with chemicals.
a) Set up the instrument in a well-ventilated location.
b) Any spills should be wiped off immediately.
c) When using chemicals and solvents, comply with the instructions of the producer and
the general lab safety rules.

Safety Notes 9
 3   Karl Fischer Water Determination - Measuring Principle
The Karl Fischer procedure is a titration method used for the quantitative determination of water content in liq­
uids and solids. Karl Fischer titration is used in a variety of areas, e.g. for determining the water content of gro­
ceries, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and mineral oils.
To determine the water content, first sulfur dioxide and water react with iodine:
2 H2O + SO2 + I2 SO42− + 2 I− + 4 H+
The addition of alcohol (e.g. methanol, ethanol), causes a preliminary reaction to take place in which sulfur
dioxide forms an acidic ester, which is then neutralized by the addition of a base (e.g. imidazole, referred to in
the following as "RN"):
CH3OH + SO2 + RN (RNH)·(CH3OSO2)
In the presence of water, the alkyl sulfite anion is oxidized to alkyl sulfate by the iodine. This process reduces
the yellow-brown iodine to colorless iodide:
(RNH)·(CH3OSO2) + I2 + H2O + 2 RN (RNH)·(CH3OSO3) + 2 (RNH)·I
The overall reaction proceeds as follows:
H2O + I2 + SO2 + CH3OH + 3 RN [RNH]SO4CH3 + 2 [RNH]I
The reaction runs until all the water has been consumed and hence free iodine is detected in the titration solu­
tion. The end point is determined using bivoltametric indication, i.e. the potential at the polarized double-plat­
inum-pin electrode falls below a certain value (e.g. 100mV).

3.1   Volumetric water content determination

In Karl Fischer (KF) volumetric determination, a titrant containing iodine is gradually added to the water-con­
taining sample until the water is completely displaced and free iodine can be detected in the titration solution.
The end point of the titration is recorded using bivoltametric indication. Volumetric Karl Fischer titration is suit­
able for samples with a water content in the range 100 ppm to 100 %. The optimum recording range is 10mg
of water per sample.
For optimal execution of the KF titration, the pH of the solution should be in the range between 4 and 8. Acidic
and basic samples should be buffered, ideally with imidazole for acids and salicylic acid for basic samples.
The following two conventional reagents are used for titration:
a) The single-component reagent
The titrant consists of iodine, sulfur dioxide and imidazole.The solvent is methanol.
The single-component reagent is simple to use and cost efficient. However, it is not stable for titration.
b) The two-component reagent
The titrant is an iodine solution containing methanol.The solvent for the sample contains sulfur dioxide and imi­
dazole dissolved in methanol.
The two-component system can be used to perform very fast titrations (two to three times quicker than with the
single-component reagent). Both components can be easily stored. The reagent is stable for titration,however,
the solvent capacity is limited.

10 Karl Fischer Water Determination - Measuring Principle

4   Description of Functions
4.1   Layout of the Terminal
The control panel of the terminal consists of an integrated touchscreen and the following buttons, located next
to the touch-sensitive surface of the display:
● The Reset button ends all tasks that are currently running.
● The Info button accesses the interactive online help for the content of the current dialog.
● Two Home buttons always return you to the homescreen.

You can press these buttons any time, regardless of which dialog you are currently using.
The Reset button acts as an "EMERGENCY STOP" switch. If the titrator malfunctions or there is an operating
error, you can stop all current tasks by pressing the reset button. Afterward, for each task, you can decide
whether to end it completely or continue.

4.2   Operating the Touchscreen

The touchscreen is automatically activated when the instrument is switched on.
To select a button or an input element in the dialog window, you simply touch the screen using a soft blunt
object or a fingertip.
It is also possible to select input elements using a USB mouse. To do this, simply connect the mouse to a suit­
able USB port on the instrument.
Never touch the surface of the touchscreen with pointed or sharp objects! This may damage the screen!

4.3   The Homescreen
The homescreen is the first screen that is displayed when you start up the titrator.
The homescreen contains five buttons that lead to the following dialog windows:
● Methods: This button takes you to the method editor, where you can create and manage methods.
● Series templates: In this dialog, you can create and manage series of individual samples, e.g. for using a
sample changer.
● Results: You manage the results of your analyses here.
● Setup: The hardware and resources the titrator uses are configured in the Setup. You can also make global
and user settings here.
● Manual: This button takes you to manual operations. You can operate stirrers, sensors, pumps, etc. here,
independently of the analyses.
In addition, there is another area that can be configured individually by each user (with the necessary autho­
rization). Each user can store up to 12 shortcuts here. You can use this shortcut to launch defined methods,
series, and manual operations directly from the homescreen.
By tapping the Home key in the terminal control panel, you can return to the homescreen from any screen.

See also
● Shortcuts and Direct Shortcuts  (page 12)

4.4   The User Interface

The graphical user interface consists of the following five basic elements:
● The title bar at the top of the display specifies the name of the current dialog.
● In the top right-hand corner, the Tasks button informs you which processes are currently running. You use
Tasks to access a Tasks dialog that displays an overview of all running tasks. From the Tasks dialog you
can navigate to any process that is currently running.
● The navigation bar, located below the title bar, specifies the path to the current dialog.

Description of Functions 11
 ● The scroll bar on the right-hand side of the screen becomes visible if the content of the screen extends
beyond the viewable area. If this occurs, use either the arrows or the area in between them to move the
viewable area of the screen up or down.
● Five buttons are located at the bottom of the screen. The function of these buttons varies and depends on
the context of the current dialog.

4.4.1   Entering Data in the User Interface.

There are different types of input fields in the user interface. They allow you to enter data or select data from a
list. Input fields can also be deactivated and their contents are then displayed as information only and cannot
be changed in the corresponding dialog.
The various types of input fields are identified by an icon to the right of the screen:
 
Text input fields A Any text comprised of letters, numbers and symbols can be
BC entered into these fields.

Number input fields 1 Numbers, formulas and auxiliary values can be entered into
23 these fields. In some fields an auxiliary value can be selected
from the Auxiliary Values list by pressing the "H" button.
Drop-down lists Selecting these fields opens a drop-down list from which you can
select an entry.

List fields Selecting these fields opens a menu list in a new window.

Menu fields Selecting these fields opens a new dialog with a number of addi­
tional menu options.

Formula fields A formula must be entered in these fields. You can enter these
manually or access a menu list by pressing the "Proposal" soft­
key.
Info field The values in deactivated input fields are displayed as informa­
i tion only and cannot be edited in the corresponding dialog.

In addition to the input fields there are checkboxes that can be checked in order to select certain functionalities.
Checkboxes can affect the scope of the corresponding dialog, i.e. input fields can be hidden or visible depend­
ing on whether the checkbox is checked.
Sorting Lists
All of the lists displayed in the user interface can be sorted alphabetically or numerically by column in ascend­
ing or descending order. To do this, simply touch the parameter in the header row by which you would like to
sort the list. A small arrow in the header row indicates the parameter by which the list is sorted and whether it is
sorted in ascending or descending order.
Dialog window: Tasks (V30 only)
The Tasks dialog is accessed using the Tasks button (on the top right of the screen). It provides an overview of
all running tasks. Selecting an individual task from the list displays the relevant online dialog box, from where
you can exit the task.
The list contains a maximum of 10 running tasks.

4.4.2   Shortcuts and Direct Shortcuts

Shortcuts allow you to start methods, series, and manual operations directly from the homescreen. You can
place up to twelve different shortcuts on the homescreen by tapping AddToHome. AddToHome is located in the
start dialog of each method, series and manual operation.
Shortcuts are user-specific, i.e. each individual user can create a maximum of twelve shortcuts for the tasks
they personally conduct the most with the titrator.

12 Description of Functions
 The titrator supports two types of shortcuts. Direct shortcuts which, when selected, start the task immediately
without warning (only if the other settings allow this), and normal shortcuts which take you to the correspond­
ing start dialog from which you can start the task.
Shortcuts for methods, series or manual operations that take you
to the corresponding start dialog.

Shortcuts for methods, series or manual operations with integrat­

ed reference symbols in the icon that start the corresponding task
when selected provided the other settings allow for it.

Shortcuts are managed in Setup > User settings. Here you can delete or modify shortcuts, or change their
position on the homescreen (see "User settings: Shortcuts").
Tasks started using the shortcuts can begin immediately without warning. Therefore, always make sure that all
tubes are connected to suitable vessels prior to using a shortcut.
● Once the maximum number of shortcuts (12) has been created in the Homescreen, the button AddToHome
is deactivated in the start dialog for methods, series and manual operations.

4.4.3   The Start analysis dialog

There are several different ways to start an analysis on the titrator:
● By choosing Start from the Method editor.
● By choosing Start from the Home dialog.
● By using a shortcut (or direct shortcut) from the Home dialog.
● By choosing Start from the Series dialog.

The Start analysis dialog is always the first dialog that appears after you choose "Start" or the relevant short­
cut.
When a direct shortcut is activated, the Start analysis dialog does not appear and the respective method starts
immediately, provided that the other settings allow this.
The parameters for the previously used method or series appear in the Start analysis dialog so that the same
method can immediately be restarted.
Of course, all of the settings can also be adjusted prior to pressing "Start" The type and number of settings dis­
played in the Start analysis dialog depends on the type of analysis to be started and the resources used.

4.4.4   Online Dialog
The Online screen is displayed when an analysis or manual operation is being performed.
The method ID of the current method or the type of manual operation is displayed in the title bar. In the naviga­
tion bar below, the sample index, e.g. displayed as "Sample 2/5" (second of a total of five samples) and loop
index, displayed as "Loop 1/3" (first of three loops) are shown. (The Loop index is only displayed if the method
actually contains more than on loop). The navigation path is displayed in the navigation bar while a manual
operation is being performed. The remainder of the online dialog is divided into a graphical area (left) and a
data area (right). During a titration or measurement, the graphical area displays the measurement curve.

4.4.4.1   Pretitration
Immediately following the start of a Karl Fischer titration, the online window for pretitration appears. In this win­
dow, the following buttons are available:
Results
In Results, the results and statistics for the samples to be analyzed following the analysis are displayed. The
system displays the results of the active determination type (sample, concentration, blank value). Furthermore,
the screen contains the following buttons:

Description of Functions 13
 ● Add result
● Recalculate
● Undo all
● Outlier test

Samples
You can change sample and series data. However, the number of samples cannot be changed while a concen­
tration or blank value determination is in progress.
More
The More button provides you with additional functions. Using the More button in Pretitration mode, you can
perform the following:
End series
You can end a series if all predefined samples have been processed. Any changes made in the Start analysis
dialog or later are no longer taken into account. After the series has ended, you return to the pretitration or
standby mode and the series can be restarted again. A new series is entered in the results. The system then
uses the original sample parameters.
● The End series function triggers printouts defined Per series.

Stop method
The current method is stopped immediately. No printout is generated.
● Before actually stopping the process, the system displays a system message asking you to confirm the
action.
Save series data
The analysis of a series is saved in its entirety under a name freely chosen by the titrator in the form "SeriesXY".
Only sample data is included in the series. Standard data and blank value data are not included in the generat­
ed series. If the maximum number of permitted series has already been reached, the series is not saved.
Axes
You can select the units for the horizontal and vertical axes from a list.
Sample size calculation
The optimum sample size can be calculated from the standby of an analysis.
The determined limits for the sample size do not have any impact on the lower and upper limits in the method
or for the sample data memory.
You can determine the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Content Expected water content of the sample. 0 .. 106
Unit Unit for the content. [%] | [ppm]
Use the Calculate button to obtain the upper and lower sample size limits for optimum titration.

4.4.4.2   Standby
If the system switches automatically from Pretitration to Standby mode (see "KF analysis flow diagram"), you
can use the More button to view additional buttons:
Drift determination
You have to add at least one titrant increment for a drift determination. When the determination has been com­
pleted successfully, the determined drift value is entered in the setup of the titration stand. The system then gen­
erates an automatic printout containing the sample data, raw results, and resource data.
● The message No titrant added / generated. Drift not determined. can be confirmed, or the message dis­
appears after a certain period of time (60s).
● If the drift falls below a defined value, the system automatically switches to Standby mode.

The sample size should be selected so that between 30 % and 70 % of the burette volume can be titrated.
In Standby mode, you can conduct concentration determination for the titrant, start sample analysis, or conduct
blank value determination for the "external extraction" method type. The following buttons are available for this:

14 Description of Functions
Concentration Determination
You use this button to determine the concentration of the titrant. No predispensing is performed. The determined
concentration or the mean value for a series of concentration determinations is entered in the Setup for the rele­
vant titrant, if this falls within the limits. If the mean value falls outside the specified limits, this is not transferred
to the Setup, but the system still switches to Standby. After the concentration has been determined successfully,
the user receives a printout. If the value is not transferred to Setup, the system issues a message to inform you
of this.
Tapping the Start conc. button opens the Concentration sample window. You can enter a comment and the
temperature. When you tap OK, an Info dialog is displayed as a prompt to add the standard.
Start blank determination
Blank value determination can be performed for the method type Ext. Extraction. No predispensing is per­
formed. The determined blank value or the mean value for a series of blank determinations is entered in the Set­
up for the relevant titrant, if this falls within the limits. If the mean value falls outside the specified limits, this is
not transferred to the Setup, but the system still switches to Standby. After the blank value has been determined
successfully,you receive a printout. If the value is not transferred to Setup, the system issues a message to
inform you of this. When you tap this button, an Info dialog is displayed prompting you to add the sample.
Start sample
This button is used to perform a sample analysis. When you press this button, an Info dialog is displayed
prompting you to add the sample.
Once a sample has been added and the analysis started, you can use the Samples button to enter the sample
size (see Method Function: Sample (KF) > Sample.
Measured values
You can use the More and Measured values buttons to display a table of measured values during an analysis
as an alternative to the online dialog.
Samples
You can use this button to change the sample size of the sample currently being processed or to define the
sample size for a new sample.
Stop analysis
You can use this button to cancel the measurement immediately during a sample, concentration, or blank value
determination.
● Before actually stopping the process, the system displays a message asking you to confirm the action.

Description of Functions 15
 5   Setup
This section tells you how to set up the titrator in accordance with your requirements so that you can carry out
titration.
Chemicals Titrant
Concentration standards
Hardware Sensors
Pumps
Peripherals
Titration Stands
Homogenizer
User settings Language
Screen
Beep
Shortcuts
Keyboard
Global settings System
User management
Analysis and resources behavior
Solvent Control
Values Blank
Auxiliary values
Mainten. & Service MT-Service
Import / Export
Reset to factory settings
Titrator firmware history
Board firmware
Terminal
Board data
Drives
Burettes
Update
Expired Resources
Navigation: Home > Setup
Resources for which monitoring was selected in the settings can expire. Tap [Expired Resources] to open an
overview of all expired resources with the type, name and date of expiry of the respective resource.

5.1   Chemicals
You can use the Chemicals dialog to configure and manage titrants and concentration standards. You can
view and print out lists of chemicals that have already been defined. You can also define new chemicals or
delete existing chemicals.
Titrants are managed together with burettes and burette drive (PnP with chip and traditional burettes without
chips).
For classical burettes, the relevant titrant data is entered manually. For PnP (Plug&Play) burettes, the data is
automatically read from the chip and automatically transferred to the instrument. If the chip is still blank, the
data must be entered in Setup or assigned to a titrant. The data is saved in both the titrator and in the chip.
Adding a titrant
– In Titrants choose [New].
The windows to edit the parameters opens.

Define the following parameters for each titrant here:

16 Setup
5.1.1   Titrant
Parameters Description Values
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Reagent type The type of Karl Fischer titrant can be selected. This Influences 1-comp | 2-comp
the control behavior of a titration.
Nominal conc. Specified concentration of the Karl Fischer titrant in [mg/mL]. 0.1…100
Current conc. Actual concentration of the Karl Fischer titrant in [mg/mL]. 0.1…100
Monitoring Specifies whether the usable life of a resource or a value is to be Yes | No
usable life monitored.
Monitoring life Specifies whether the life span of the resource is to be monitored. Yes | No
span
Lot/Batch The lot or batch of the reagent. Enter any designation. Arbitrary
Fill rate The filling rate of the burette in percent. 100% stands for maxi­ 30…100
mum filling rate.
Burette volume Select the burette volume in [mL]. 1 | 5 | 10 | 20
Drive Defines the drive on which you will use the burette containing the 1…8 | PnP
titrant. Select the "PnP" entry for available but unused PnP
burettes.
Serial number The serial number of the relevant device type. Arbitrary
● Titrants (independently of the type) must each be assigned to a drive.
● In PnP burettes, the serial number is entered automatically. These can, however, be changed.

5.1.2   Concentration standards
Navigation: Setup>Chemicals>Concentration standards
The concentration standards required for determining the concentration of the titrant you use can also be saved
and managed in the titrator.
To define a new concentration standard, proceed as follows:
Select the New button in the Concentration standards dialog window to open the Concentration standard
parameters dialog.
You can define the following parameters for each concentration standard:
Parameters Description Values
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Water content The water content of a Karl Fischer standard. 0.00001…106
Unit Unit for the water content of the Karl Fischer standard. mg/g | mg/mL | % |
ppm | mg/piece
Density The density of a liquid standard, in [g/mL]. 0.0001…100
Only for Type = liquid or KF.
Lot/Batch The lot or batch of the reagent. Enter any designation. Arbitrary
Monitoring Specifies whether the usable life of a resource or a value is to be Yes | No
usable life monitored.
● All fields except for "Lot/Batch" must be filled before the standard can be saved.
● A maximum of 50 concentration standards can be defined in the device.

The following Karl Fischer standards are predefined:

1. Water standards in [mg/g] :
0.1
1.00
10.0
2. Sodium tartrate dihydrate 15.66%
3. For solid samples: Water standard for KF oven 5.55 %

Setup 17
 5.2   Hardware
Navigation: Setup>Hardware
In this dialog window you can configure all the hardware components connected to the titrator, such as:
● Sensors
● Pump
● Peripherals (instruments such as printers or balances)
● Titration stands (KF stand and additional Stromboli TTL for V30)
● Homogenizer TTL (V30 only)

5.2.1   Sensors
Navigation: Setup > Hardware > Sensors
In this dialog you can configure and manage the sensors to be used with the titrator.
A polarized sensor is used for the Karl Fischer titration. The unit of measure can be set to [mV] or [µA].
To create a new sensor in the titrator, open the Sensor parameters dialog using the New button in the Sensors
dialog. You can determine the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Serial number The serial number of the relevant device type. Arbitrary
Monitoring life Specifies whether the life span of the resource is to be monitored. Yes | No
span
● If a PnP sensor is connected to the sensor input, this automatically generates an entry in the setup. The
titrator updates all the details (sensor name, type or inputs).

5.2.2   Pump
Navigation: Setup>Hardware>Pumps
The Solvent manager is predefined in the Setup and cannot be configured individually. A connected Solvent
manager generates a corresponding entry, which is displayed in the Pumps dialog.
The parameters "Type", "Name" and "Pump output" are displayed in the information fields in the Pump para­
meters window.

5.2.3   Peripherals
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals
These settings encompass all input and output devices that belong to the titrator environment but that are not
essential instruments for processing an analysis (peripherals cannot be accessed in methods). The computer
also counts as a peripheral device. The list of all peripheral instruments defined in the titrator, together with the
parameters of each individual instrument can be printed out by a printer.

5.2.3.1   Balance
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > Balance
Before defining a balance, you need to select the balance type. The titrator supports the following types of bal­
ance:
Balance type Supported balances
Mettler AB | PB | PB-S | AB-S | PB-E | AB-E | College-S | SB | CB | GB | College-B |
HB | AG | PG | PG-S | SG | HG | XP | XS | XA | XPE | XSE | XVE | AX | MX |
UMX | PR | SR | HR | AT | MT | UMT | PM | AM | SM | CM | MS | ML
Sartorius Sartorius
More --

18 Setup
 METTLER TOLEDO Balances
These balances support Plug'n'Play and are automatically recognized and configured by the titrator.
For automatic balance recognition, you need to ensure the following:
1. The balance has been started up and is connected to the titrator by a suitable cable,
2. The balance has been set to "Bidirectional" (if necessary, set the "Host" parameter accordingly),
3. The parameters for the RS-232 interface on the balance correspond with those on the titrator.
● As long as the balance is not connected to the titrator, the settings "Baud Rate", "Data Bit", "Stop Bit", "Pari­
ty" and "Handshake" can be entered manually. These are however automatically overwritten with the values
identified by the PnP as soon as the user sets the same transmission parameters at the balance and the
titrator.
Sartorius | Others
After you have selected this option and the system has recognized the balance, you can define the following
parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Serial number The serial number of the relevant device type. Arbitrary
Connection The serial port to which the device is connected. Possible con­ MB/COM1 |
nections are located on the mainboard, the analog board and the MB/COM2 | AB1/COM |
conductivity board. More depending on
configuration
Baud rate The baud rate for data transmission via the RS-232 interface. 1200 | 2400 | 4800 |
9600 | 19200
Data bit Defines the number of data bits. 7 | 8
Stop bit Defines the number of stop bits. (2 stop bits can only be selected 1 | 2
if 7 data bits are also selected at the same time.)
Parity Defines the parity protocol. Even | Odd | None
Handshake Data transmission via the RS-232 interface. (Only the handshake None | Xon-Xoff
option "Xon-Xoff" is available for serial connections on the ana­
log and conductivity board in conjunction with a baud rate of
9600.)
● The settings for the baud rate, data bit, stop bit, parity, and handshake must agree for the balance and titra­
tor!
● If None is selected as balance type that means that no balance is to be connected to the titrator.

5.2.3.2   Barcode reader
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > Barcode reader
When a barcode is imported, the system checks whether the imported barcode is suitable for starting the
method. If so, the analysis start dialog is opened; all known data is entered there. If not, the barcode is ignored.
If an analysis is already running with the same method ID, the sample is added to the end of the current analy­
sis. An exception to this occurs if the End series barcode has previously been read. In this case, a new analy­
sis is started (with the same method).
● Only one barcode reader can be defined.

Define the following parameters for a barcode reader:

Parameters Description Values
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Serial number The serial number of the relevant device type. Arbitrary
Transfer Smart­ Transfer barcode to LabX. Yes | No
Codes to LabX

5.2.3.3   USB-Stick
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > USB-Stick
Commercially available USB sticks from USB Version 1.1 are supported.

Setup 19
 You can assign a relevant name to the USB stick.

5.2.3.4   Printer and USB data export

Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > Printer
The titrator supports the following types of printers and data export via the USB interface:
● USB printer with PCL record for Version 4 and higher.
● USB compact printer (stripe printer).
● USB data export.
● For data export, to an RS interface, you will need the USB RS232 adapter, the so-called USB data export
box.
● Data export is not supported by the models "x20"

The USB compact printer prints out the following data:

Results All except for curves and tables of measured values
Method function Record Overview
Results
Raw results
Resource data
Sample data
Method data
Setup List printouts
Parameter printouts
Total printouts
Methods List printout
Parameter printouts
Series List printout
Parameter printouts
● The compact printer does not generate the automatic printouts generated by the method functions Instruc­
tion and Calculation during the analysis. It also does not support all languages.
● For Karl Fischer determinations, manual concentration, drift and blank value analyses are printed out auto­
matically.
Define the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Printer type Selection of a printer, USB printer | USB
The USB compact printer does not support all languages. This compact printer | USB
printer can only print out a limited quantity of analysis data and data export
results.
For USB data export, the data is transmitted regardless of the
selected language. Only a limited quantity of data and results are
exported.
Information on the USB data export
● In the method function Record, the parameter Summary must be activated (Record = outside loop) or Per
sample or Per series (Record = inside loop). The other settings in Record have no effect.
• If the method function Record is inserted outside the loop, the data from the preceding loop and the data
between the End of sample and method functions Record are output.
● For a KF method in the method function Record (within the loop), the parameter Summary should be
selected with the value Per sample or Per series.
If data export is activated, the following data is transmitted:

20 Setup
 ● The most important sample data and results, either per sample or per series, according to the parameter
setting in Summary of the method function Record.
● Automatic reports for drift, blank value and concentration determination in a Karl Fischer water content
determination if the global setting Print autom. KF protocols is also activated
Navigation: Home > Setup > Global settings > Analysis and resources behavior > Analysis sequence
settings
Depending on the selected printer type, the following parameters appear in the printer dialog box:
● USB printer and USB compact printer
Parameters Description Values
Status Indicates whether the selected printer type is installed. Installed
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Serial number The serial number of the relevant device type. Arbitrary
Connection Information on the USB port to which the printer is connected. MB1/USB1 | PnP
PnP is displayed if the printer is not connected to the titrator.
● USB data export

The USB data export box is required for USB data export. If it is connected to the titrator using the USB interface,
the box is automatically detected (PnP detection).
Parameters Description Values
USB data export Indicates whether the USB data export box is installed (info field). Installed | Not
box installed
Connection The USB port to which the USB data export box is connected (info USB | PnP
field). PnP is displayed if the box is not connected to the titrator.
Baud rate The baud rate for data transmission via the USB interface. 1200 | 2400 | 4800 |
9600 | 19200
Data bit Information on the number of data bits is displayed. 8
Stop bit Information the number of stop bits is displayed. 1
Parity Defines the parity protocol. Even | Odd | None
Handshake Data transmission via the USB interface. None | Xon-Xoff
The max. Xoff duration for outgoing data is around 30s.

5.2.3.5   PC settings
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > PC settings
Configure these settings if you have your instrument connected to the PC software LabX.
● The PC with LabX installed must always be connected to the PC (USB) or Ethernet port on the rear panel.
● After the settings have been modified, it may be necessary to restart the instrument.
Parameters Description Values
Connect to LabX If this parameter is activated, a connection to LabX will be estab­ Yes | No
at start-up lished on startup.
Connection type Defines how the titrator is connected to the PC, either via the net­ Network | USB
work connection or via the USB connection.
Status Information on the connection status from the instrument to LabX. Connected | Discon­
nected
Port number Defines the port for a network connection of the titrator to LabX. 1024…65535
Only appears for Connection type = Network.

5.2.3.6   Network settings
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > Network settings
Configure these settings if you have your instrument connected to a network.
Parameters Description Values
Obtain IP Indicates whether the IP address should be automatically Yes | No
address auto­ obtained over the network.
matically

Setup 21
 IP address If the IP is not to be automatically obtained, you can enter it here. 000.000.000.000 …
255.255.255.255
Subnet mask If you want to run the titrator on a local subnetwork, you can 000.000.000.000 …
define the subnet mask here that you want to use to link the sub­ 255.255.255.255
net's IP address.
Standard gate­ This is where you can enter the address of the standard gateway 000.000.000.000 …
way for communication between the various networks. 255.255.255.255

5.2.3.7   Fingerprint reader
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > Fingerprint reader
You can use a fingerprint reader to authenticate users on the titrator. In order to do this, the fingerprint reader
must be activated on the titrator. The following parameters are available for this:
Parameters Description Values
Activate finger­ Activates the fingerprint reader for authenticating users when log­ Yes | No
print reader ging onto the titrator.
Status Indicates whether the fingerprint reader is connected to the titra­ Installed | Not
tor. installed
Name The designation of the fingerprint reader. Arbitrary
Connection Information on the USB port to which the fingerprint reader is con­ PnP | USB 1
nected. PnP is displayed if the fingerprint reader is not connected
to the titrator.
Register fingerprint
Navigation: Home > User data
The following procedure must be performed in order to register each user:
1 Log on to the titrator with your user name (and possibly your password).
2 In Home, tap [User data] to open the corresponding window.
3 In User data, tap [Register fingerprint] to open the corresponding window.
4 Place the preferred finger on the fingerprint reader and repeat the step as prompted.
When completed, the message Registration successful. appears.
5 Confirm the message with the [OK] to return to the User data window.
6 Confirm with [OK] to return to the homescreen.
The next time you log on, the Fingerprint login window will appears. To log on, place the appropriate finger
on the fingerprint reader.

● You can only log on using the fingerprint reader if Activate fingerprint reader is selected.
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > Fingerprint reader
● You are still able to log on using a password. To do this, tap [Password login].

5.2.3.8   LevelSens
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > LevelSens
The level sensor (LevelSens) can be used either to monitor the fill level of titration or solvent vessels or to pre­
vent the overflow of waste vessels.
The level sensor is connected to the "LevelSens box", which is connected to the titrator via the CAN interface.
The titrator automatically recognizes up to two of these boxes (PnP recognition). These appear in the settings.
Navigation: Home > Setup > Hardware > Peripherals > LevelSens
1 In LevelSens, tap on a "LevelSens box".
The windows to edit the parameters opens.
2 The parameters Level, Waste or Inactive can be defined for the relevant sensor type

22 Setup
 Activating level monitoring
● At the start of a method or a manual operation.
The level is checked for all activated and connected sensors, regardless of whether they are used in the
method.
● At the start of each sample (GT).
● After completion of a Karl Fischer analysis (KF).
● Before the start of a KF Stromboli method.
● Before replacing the solvent.
● During the course of the following manual operations: Burette (Rinse, Rinse multiple burettes, Dispense,
Manual titration), Pump, Auxiliary instrument (output 24V), Sample changer (Pump, Rinse).
If the fill level is not reached or exceeded, a message appears with a prompt either to empty or fill the vessel
(depending on the Setup setting: Waste or Level). The analysis is interrupted during this time. After the vessel
has been emptied or filled and the message has been confirmed, the analysis is resumed.
● Only two LevelSens boxes can be entered in the settings. Additional boxes do not generate an additional
entry.
● Entries in the settings can only be deleted if the corresponding LevelSens box is not installed.
● The sensor must be fitted in such a way that when the maximum fill level is reached, the analysis of a sam­
ple, the entire loop of a Stromboli method or a solvent replacement can be performed.
● The fill level is only checked before a sample analysis, at the start of a Stromboli method or before a solvent
replacement.
Parameters Description Values
Name Information on the designation of the LevelSens box. -
In the settings, the first detected box is entered as LevelSens Box
1, the second as LevelSens Box 2.
Chip ID Information on the Chip-ID of the detected LevelSens box. -
Position Information on the position of the LevelSens box connected to the PnP | PnP1 | PnP2
titrator.
Sensor 1 Specifies the sensor type to be used. Level | Waste | Inactive
type…Sensor 4
type

5.2.4   Titration stands
Navigation: Setup > Hardware > Titration Stands
In this dialog, you can add new titration stands or select existing stands that are connected to the titrator and
change their parameters. You can also print the list of entered titration stands. You can also delete individual
titration stands.
You can create the following titration stands:
● Stromboli TTL
● Karl Fischer stand

Choose the New button in the Titration stands dialog to open the Titration stand parameters dialog box.
To configure the new titration stand you have just created, you can determine the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Type The type of the titration stand to be used. KF stand | Stromboli
TTL
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Stirrer output Defines the stirrer output. MB/Stirrer1 | MB/Stir­
rer2 | AB1/Stirrer |
Internal stirrer | More
depending on configu­
ration

Setup 23
 ● The Stromboli oven sample changer is connected to the TTL port of the mainboard.

5.2.5   Homogenizer
Navigation: Setup>Hardware>Homogenizer
The Homogenizers dialog displays the available homogenizers (control type TTL).
You can assign a titrator output to the listed homogenizer:
Parameters Description Values
Output Indicates which port on the titrator you want to use. TTL Out 1..4

5.3   User settings
Navigation: Home > Setup > User settings
These settings contains the options that can be made specifically for each currently logged in user.
You can configure the language, the screen settings (for the touchscreen), the layout of the alphanumeric and
numeric keyboard, the use of beeps, and shortcuts for each user.

5.3.1   Language
Navigation: Home > Setup > User settings > Language
Define the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Touchscreen Defines the language for operation of the terminal. German | English |
French | Italian | Span­
ish | Chinese | Russian |
Polish | Korean
Record Defines the language in which the protocols are to be printed out. German | English |
French | Italian | Span­
ish | Chinese | Russian |
Polish | Korean
● For the Chinese and Korean language settings, it is not possible to print using the USB-P25 tape printer.
● For Polish, records can be printed on the USB-P25 tape printer without special characters.

5.3.2   Screen
Navigation: Home > Setup > User settings > Screen
Define the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Primary color Here various color schemes for the user interface can be select­ Gray | Blue | Green |
ed. Red
Brightness Specifies the display brightness in [%]. 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
100 [%]
Button shape Defines whether to display the buttons in the menus with square Rounded | Square
or rounded corners.
Screen saver Here you can define whether the screen saver should be used. Yes | No
Wait time Defines how long in [min] the system should wait after the user's 1…1000
last action on the terminal before activating the screen saver.

5.3.3   Beep
Navigation: Home > Setup > User settings > Beep
Define the following parameter:
Parameters Description Values
At push of a but­ Enables a beep when tapping on the touch screen. Yes | No
ton

24 Setup
5.3.4   Shortcuts
Navigation: Home > Setup > User settings > Shortcuts
Each user can manage the shortcuts that they have created. Individual shortcuts can be selected and deleted
and the following parameters of a shortcut can be changed:
Parameters Description Values
Description Any name for the shortcut. Arbitrary
Immediate start The method, series, or manual operation can be started immedi­ Yes | No
ately. This enables you to start the analysis without any interfer­
ing dialog.
Homescreen You can select the free position for the shortcut on the Home­ 1…12
position screen.

5.3.5   Keyboards
Navigation: Home > Setup > User settings > Keyboards
In this dialog, you can define the layout for the alphanumeric and the numeric input fields. The following set­
tings are available:
Parameters Description Values
ABC keyboard Determines the layout of the alphanumeric input field. English | French | Ger­
man
123 keyboard Defines the organization of the keys for the numeric input field. Calculator | Phone

5.4   Global settings
Navigation: Setup > Global settings
In the Global Settings dialog, you can make general settings on the titrator that apply for all users. The settings
in this dialog can only be changed by users with the appropriate authorizations.
Global settings include:
● System settings that apply for all users.
● User management for creating user accounts and assigning rights.
● The settings for Analysis and resources behavior regarding the sequence and monitoring the expiration
dates and life span of resources (determining the actions of the titrator before, during and after the perfor­
mance of an analysis), and the response of the titrator when resources are deleted or when PnP resources
are identified.
● Solvent control instructs the user to replace the reagent solution. For information on the process for replac­
ing the solution.

5.4.1   System
Navigation: Home > Global settings > System
Titrator identification
You can enter and assign any ID consisting of at least four characters to the titrator.
Parameters Description Values
Titrator ID Define the instrument identification. -
Titrator Indicates the titrator type. T50 | T70 | T90
Serial number Information on the serial number of the instrument. -
Titrator FW ver­ Information on the firmware version of the instrument. -
sion
Date / Time
You can define the format used to display the date and time and set the titrator date and time.
Parameters Description Values
Date format Defines the format for displaying the date. mm/dd/yyyy |
dd/mm/yyyy

Setup 25
 Time format Defines the format for displaying the time. 24h | a.m./p.m.
Date Enter the current date. -
Time Enter the current time. -
Header and footer
Define whether all printouts generated by the titrator should have a header or footer. The content of these head­
ers and footers can be entered directly into the respective setting.
As part of the end of record, signature fields are appended to the respective printout consisting of a declaration
(e.g. Approved by) followed by an empty line. A personal signature can be then be entered on this line.
Parameters Description Values
Header Activates the header on print outs. Yes | No
Text Defines the text for the header. Arbitrary
Only for Header = Yes.
Footer Activates the footer on print outs. Yes | No
Text Defines the text for the footer. Arbitrary
Only for Footer = Yes.
End of report Select the information to be printed at the end of a report. Created by | Modified
by | Checked by |
Approved by
Data storage
In the T50 and T70, the system only saves the results from the last analysis (series or individual sample). In
the T90 select [Select Series] to select the results from the last two analyses.
Parameters Description Values
Delete data on Define if analysis data is to be deleted from the titrator memory Yes | No
shut down when the titrator is shut down.

5.4.2   User Management
Navigation: Global settings > User management
Here you manage users, user groups, and account policies for the titrator.
A maximum of 30 different users can be defined for the titrator, but only one user at a time can be logged onto
the instrument (single user operation). One user with administrative rights is already saved on the instrument.
User accounts can be deleted, printed out and edited.
Users
1 In User management tap [Users] to open the list of users.
2 To add a new user, tap [New].
- or -
Edit an existing user.
You can define the following parameters for each user account:
Parameters Description Values
User Name The user's login ID. Arbitrary
Full Name The user's full name. Arbitrary
Groups User group that is assigned to the user. Experts | Routine-User
Description Any description for the user account or for the user. Arbitrary
Reset password If activated, the user's password is reset to "123456" and the Yes | No
user is prompted to change their password the next time they log
in.
Only appears if Enforce password/fingerprint = Yes is selected
in Account Policies.
Lock user If activated, the user account is locked. Yes | No
Only appears if Enforce password/fingerprint = Yes is selected
in Account Policies.

26 Setup
 Enforce pass­ If activated, the user is forced to change their password the next Yes | No
word change time they log on to the titrator.
Only appears if Enforce password/fingerprint = Yes is selected
in Account Policies.
● If the parameter Reset password is activated, the parameter Enforce password change will be automatical­
ly activated.
● The default password for this user (User ID: "Administrator") is "123456" (do not enter inverted commas).

User group
Two fixed user groups are defined in the titrator: Experts and Routine-User. Any user can belong to one of the
user groups (with different authorizations). User management for "x20" models only contain the Experts group.
1 In User management select [Groups].
The two fixed defined groups are listed in this window.
2 Select one of these groups to access the Group parameters dialog.
This is where the parameters and authorization rights of the user groups are defined.

● Users in the Experts (system administrators) group have all the rights listed below:
• Editing methods Users can create methods in the Method editor and have full editing rights.
• Editing series and samples Users can create series templates and samples and have full editing rights.
• Editing resources and peripherals Users can create resources and peripherals and have full editing rights.
• Editing global and analysis sequence settings: Users can edit the global settings in Setup.
• Editing user-specific settings: Users can edit the user-specific settings in Setup.
• Editing results: Users can edit the saved results.
• Starting methods and series: Users can start methods from the method list or the Start analysis dialog.
• Executing manual operations: Users can execute manual operations.
● Users in the Routine-User (operators) group can start methods and series and execute manual operations.
*Basic functions: Starting drift or blank determination.
Account Policies
In Account Policies define the actions of the titrator when it is started up.
Parameters Description Values
Enforce pass­ If this parameter is activated, the titrator always starts with the Yes | No
word/fingerprint login screen (even if only one user is defined for the instrument).
The user name must always be entered in the login screen man­
ually (the corresponding input box is always initially empty).
● If this option is selected for an instrument with factory settings, the titrator will demand the password for the
predefined user (User ID: "Administrator") the next time it is booted up. This password is "123456" (do not
enter inverted commas).
Min. no. of char­ Specifies the minimum number of characters required for user Yes | No
acters passwords. If this parameter is changed, then users whose pass­
word does not meet this requirement will be requested to change
their password accordingly the next time that they log in.

5.4.3   Analysis and resources behavior

The settings that you make here relate to the sequence of the analysis of samples or series with the aid of meth­
ods.
● You can define the actions of the titrator when started, during an analysis and afterward.
● You can also program the response of the titrator to the deletion of resources or when it identifies PnP
resources.

Setup 27
 Analysis sequence settings
The analysis sequence settings can only be modified if no tasks are currently being performed by the titrator.
You can make the following settings that influence the sequence of an analysis.
Parameters Description Values
Show required When an analysis is started a screen appears displaying all Yes | No
resources at resources required for the analysis and their status (available,
start not-available, locked or in use). If an individual entry is selected
from this screen then the user receives additional information
about the respective resource.
However, if "no" is selected, then the required resources are still
checked when the analysis is started and if necessary, an appro­
priate error message is issued.
Show SOP If an SOP (standard operating procedure) has been defined in the Yes | No
Title method function then this will be displayed before the
method is started provided that "yes" has been selected.
● If Show required resources at start and Show SOP parameters were set to "Yes" at the start of a job series,
all SOPs and subsequently all resources for the individual sample series must be confirmed before the job
series is started. In this way a job series can be performed after it has been started without any further inter­
ruption.
LabX: Warning If "yes" is selected then a warning is issued when the analysis is Yes | No
when not con­ started if there is no connection to LabX.
nected
Show results If a manual or external titration stand is being used, then the Yes | No
after analysis results for a sample are automatically displayed after they have
been analyzed and must be acknowledged by the user before the
analysis can be continued. With Auto stand the results are dis­
played for a certain period and are not to be confirmed.
The activated parameter is valid for the following functions:
Analysis: the results for a sample are shown
Calibration/Loop: The results of the calibration are shown
(slope, zero point)
Sensor test: The results of the test are shown (slope, zero point,
drift and sensor test OK / not OK)
Check local When selected, the availability of a printer is checked at the Yes | No
printer connec­ beginning of the method.
tion and wait If not selected and no printer is connected, the method function
Record is skipped. If a printer is connected, the method function
Record is executed even if this parameter is not selected.
Print autom. KF Controls the printouts in manual drift or blank determination. Yes | No
protocols
Save results Defines if date, time, user, Methods ID, sample ID, results, result To USB-Stick | No
unit per sample is saved in a file. If this parameter is activated
and the stick is not detected during the data writing process, you
can stop the process or you can plug in another USB-stick for the
data writing and to continue the method run.
Only for Check USB-Stick connection and wait = Yes.
Check USB-Stick If this parameter is activated, the presence of a USB - Stick is val­ Yes | No
connection and idated at the start of the analysis.
wait
Resources behavior
Use the following parameters to configure how the titrator responds to the deletion of resources and its response
to the automatic identification of PnP resources.

28 Setup
 Action when exceeding usable life
If it is determined by the titrator that the expiration dates of a resource have been exceeded, then the titrator may
perform various actions.
Warning The user is warned that the resource's usable life has been exceeded and the raw results and
results determined with the respective resource will be labeled accordingly.
Block The user is notified that the usable life of the resource has been exceeded and it is no longer
possible to start the analysis with the affected resource. (Methods that result in renewal of
this resource can however still be started.)
None If you select "none" then the analysis is started without message in spite of the exceeded
usable life. The expiry of the expiration date will, however, be logged.
Parameters Description Values
Auxiliary values This action is performed if the system determines at the start of None | Warning | Block
an analysis that the usable life of an auxiliary value that is to be
used in the analysis has been exceeded.
Blank values This action is performed if the system determines at the start of None | Warning | Block
an analysis that the usable life of a blank value that is to be used
in the analysis has been exceeded.
Action when exceeding life span
If, at the start of an analysis, it is determined that the life span of a resource to be used for the analysis has
expired, the titrator can set various actions.
Warning The user is warned that the resource life span has been exceeded and the raw results and
results determined with the respective resource will be labeled accordingly.
Block The user is notified that the life span of the resource has been exceeded and it is no longer
possible to start the analysis with the affected resource.
None The analysis is started in spite of the exceeded life span.
Parameters Description Values
Sensors The action is executed if the system determines at the start of an None | Warning | Block
analysis that the usable life of a sensor has been exceeded.

5.4.3.1   Monitoring the Expiration Date and Life Span of Resources

For certain resources, the titrator provides automatic monitoring of the usable life/life span.

Monitoring the expiration date of a resource

The expiration date is the period after which the values for a specific resource should be remeasured. These val­
ues depend on the nature of the resource:
● The numerical value of an auxiliary value.
● The numerical value of a blank.

Whether the expiration dates should be monitored can be defined in the setup for each individual resource.
If monitoring is activated then additional parameters become available in the respective resource with which the
duration of the expiration dates can be determined. In addition a reminder may optionally be issued by the titra­
tor before the expiration dates expire.
You can define the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Time period Specifies the time range. Days | Hours
Usable life Defines the time span of the expiration dates either in days or Days: 1…1000
hours (depending on: Time period). Hours: 1…104
Reminder Determines whether the titrator should issue a warning before the Yes | No
service life or usable life of a resource elapses.
Days before Determines the number of days before the service life of the 0…1000
expiration resource that the titrator should issue a warning. The value
entered must be less than the value in Usable life.
Only if Time period = Days and Reminder = Yes.

Setup 29
 If a resource is updated, the Date/Time field in Setup of the affected resource is automatically adjusted and the
expiration date (or time) is recalculated.
In the "Global settings" under "Analysis and resources behavior", you can define how the titrator deals with the
relevant resource if the expiration dates have been exceeded at the start of the analysis (see "Action when
exceeding usable life (page 29)").

Monitoring the Life Span of a Resource

The life span describes the period of time after which a resource is consumed and should be replaced. In the
sensor Setup (accessible via the Hardware button), you can determine whether or not the titrator should moni­
tor the life span.
If monitoring is activated then additional parameters become available in the respective resource with which the
date of initial operation of the resource and the duration of its life span can be defined.
You can define the following additional parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Initial operation Here you can enter the date of initial activation of the resource. Date
Life span Defines the life span of the resource in months. 0…100
In the "Global settings" under "Analysis and resources behavior", you can define how the titrator deals with the
relevant resource if the life span has been exceeded at the start of the analysis (see "Action when exceeding life
span (page 29)").

5.4.4   Solvent Control
For Karl Fischer titration, the solvent must be replaced at regular intervals to prevent results from becoming cor­
rupted. The titrator system monitors the usable life and the capacity of the solvent and the number of samples.
Before you can activate Solvent Control, at least one of the following monitoring parameters must be defined:
● The time interval for the use of the solvent.
● The capacity limit, i.e. a fixed maximum value of the total water volume of samples titrated (including
standby and pretitration) in the same solvent.
● Maximum number of samples to be titrated in the solvent.

In order to monitor the solvent, the system records and adds up the time, water volume and number of samples
for each titration. When the defined monitoring parameters have been reached, a system message is displayed.
The user then has an opportunity to replace the solvent. The Solvent Manager is started to pump the solvent
away. The cell is then filled with new solvent. All counters are reset to zero.
● For sample analysis using the Stromboli oven sample changer, the solvent can only be replaced in standby
mode before analysis of the first sample, or at the end of the series, in case the titrator returns to standby
mode.
Navigation: Home > Setup > Global settings > Solvent Control
Parameters Description Values
Monitoring Specifies whether the usable life of the solvent is to be monitored. Yes | No
usable life of
solvent
Usable life Defines the time interval in days for the use of the solvent. 1…104
Enforce replace­ Forces the user to perform the solvent replacement immediately Yes | No
ment when after the message is issued.
exceeding
usable life
Autom. The exchange of solvent is performed automatically when Yes | No
exchange when exceeding the specified usable life.
exceeding
usable life
Monitoring Specifies whether the capacity of the solvent is to be monitored. Yes | No
capacity of sol­
vent

30 Setup
 Enter max. The maximum volume of water in [mg] for a solvent. 0...106
amount of water Only for Monitoring capacity of solvent = Yes.
Enforce replace­ Forces the user to perform the solvent replacement immediately Yes | No
ment when after the message is issued.
exceeding
capacity
Autom. The exchange of solvent is performed automatically when Yes | No
exchange when exceeding the specified capacity of the solvent.
exceeding
capacity
Monitoring no. Specifies whether the system should monitor the number of sam­ Yes | No
of samples ples.
Autom. Maximum number of samples (concentration and blank value do 0...120
exchange at not count) after which the solvent is to be replaced.
max. no. of
samples
Enforce replace­ Forces the user to perform the solvent replacement immediately Yes | No
ment at max. after the message is issued.
no. of samples
Autom. The exchange of solvent is performed automatically when Yes | No
exchange at exceeding the specified maximum number of samples.
max. no. of
samples
Stir Enables the stirrer during solvent exchange. Yes | No
Fill time Defines the pumping time for filling a fluid (for Autom. 0...1000 | ∞
exchange).
Drain time Defines the pumping time for draining a fluid (for Autom. 0...1000 | ∞
exchange).
The duration of the hose drain operation should be as long as
possible to ensure that the hoses are completely free of fluid fol­
lowing draining.

See also
● Monitoring the expiration date of a resource  (page 29)

5.5   Maintenance & Service

Navigation: Home > Setup > Mainten. & Service

5.5.1   MT service
Select the MT service button to open the Last MT services dialog box.
In this dialog, you can view and print out a list of the most recent (max. 10) METTLER TOLEDO services. Under
each date, the user name of the METTLER TOLEDO service technicians and the date and time of the service
appointment are displayed. The most recently performed service always appears at the top of the list.
The Settings button in the Last MT services dialog window opens the Service data dialog, in which you can
change the service life (in days) of the last service date and configure the titrator to issue a warning at a
defined time before the service life elapses (requires administrator rights). You can define the following parame­
ters:
Parameters Description Values
Service life Defines the service life (in days) of the most recently performed 0…104
service.
Reminder Determines whether the titrator should issue a warning before the Yes | No
service life or usable life of a resource elapses.

Setup 31
 Days before expi­ Determines the number of days before expiry of the service life 0...1000
ration that the titrator should issue a warning.
The value entered here must be smaller than the service life.
(Appears only if "Reminder" is activated.)

5.5.2   Import/Export
You can use this function to save titrator data on a USB stick (export) and reload the data back to a titrator later
on (import).
Thus is it possible to create a backup of most data that has been changed from the titrator's default settings.
Uploading data from a backup copy results in the existing data in the titrator being overwritten. In this way you
can immediately duplicate the status of one titrator in another one or restore titrator settings after repair.
The following two rules should be observed:
● Memory copies can only be imported from the same type.
● Memory copies can only be imported from the same or from a lower software version.

You can select whether you want to export or import a backup copy, an individual method or the user manage­
ment.
A backup copy includes, for example:
● All parameters of methods, series and firmware updates
● Setup inclusive of all resources
● All shortcuts

The backup copy does not contain all saved results, data saved on a PnP component and the default parame­
ters for manual operations.
When you import/export an individual method you can select which method is to be exported or imported. You
require the right to edit methods.
When you import/export user management settings the entire user management settings with all users and
their properties are exported or imported.
In the Maintenance & Service dialog, open the Import / Export dialog window.
– In this dialog, you can define the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Action Here you can select whether you wish to export the titrator data to Export | Import
a memory stick or to import it from a memory stick to a titrator.
Data In this box you can select the data that you wish to export or Export | Import
import. You can select whether you want to export or import a
backup copy, an individual method or the user management.
Method ID Here you can select the Method ID for the relevant method. Method list

5.5.3   Reset to factory settings

Select the Reset to factory settings button to reset the titrator.
● In the process all data and changes to settings made by users of the titrator are lost.

5.5.4   Titrator firmware history

The Titrator firmware history button displays a list of the firmware updates or model upgrades. The first entry
in the list represents the initial operation of the titrator.
All list entries are stored with date, type, FW version and the user name of the user who performed the action.

5.5.5   Board firmware
You use the Board firmware button to display a list of all boards and burette drives available on the titrator
along with the relevant firmware version. You can carry out an update.

32 Setup
5.5.6   Terminal
You use the Terminal button to display the chip in the terminal.

5.5.7   Board data
You use the Boards button to display and print out a list of all the boards fitted in the titrator. Each board is list­
ed by name and module location.
If a board is selected from the list, then its chip ID and all data on available inputs and outputs including the
adjustment data will be displayed.

5.5.8   Upgrade
You use this dialog to upgrade a titrator from a lower to a higher model. To do this, you will need a product key
that you can obtain from your METTLER TOLEDO Representative. You will need the data displayed in the screen
to order the product key:
You can easily transfer the data from this screen by pressing the "Print" softkey.
If you have received your product key, you can enter it via the "Product Key" softkey and perform an upgrade.

5.5.9   Update
You use the Update button to update the titrator firmware using a USB stick.

5.5.10   Drives
You use the Drives button to display and print a list of all connected drives. The list contains the position, serial
number, chip-ID and status of each drive.

5.6   Values
Navigation: Home > Setup > Values
Blanks and auxiliary values can be created, edited and deleted and the list of defined blanks or auxiliary values
can be viewed and printed out. It is also possible to print out the individual values with their parameters.
Settings Explanation
Blanks Blank values can be used in formulas for calculations.
Auxiliary values You can use auxiliary values in formulas.

5.6.1   Blanks
Navigation: Home > Setup > Values > Blanks
Blanks can be used in formulas for calculations. They can either be created manually with the aid of their vari­
ous parameters or generated as the result of a method. A resulting blank (or calculated mean value) can then
be assigned to a blank using the method function Blank. The blank will then appear under the assigned name
in the Blank list in Setup.
Adding a blank value
– In Blanks choose [New].
The windows to edit the parameters opens.

Define the following parameters to define the blank:

Parameters Description Values
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Unit The units in which the blank is specified. Arbitrary
Value Here you can enter a numerical value. -108…108
Monitoring Specifies whether the usable life of a resource or a value is to be Yes | No
usable life monitored.

Setup 33
 ● A maximum of 100 blanks can be saved in the titrator.
● Blanks cannot be deleted or modified if they are currently in use.
● When a blank is assigned with the "Blank" method function, this is updated in the setup immediately after
completion of the method function.

5.6.2   Auxiliary values
Navigation: Home > Setup > Values > Auxiliary values
You can use auxiliary values in formulas. They can either be manually created and edited or can be generated
using a method. A result, a mean derived from several results or a raw result can be assigned to an auxiliary
value by means of the "Auxiliary Value" method function. The auxiliary value then appears under the assigned
name in the auxiliary values list in the Setup.
Adding an auxiliary value
– In Auxiliary values choose [New].
The windows to edit the parameters opens.

Define the following parameters to define the auxiliary value:

Parameters Description Values
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Value Here you can enter a numerical value. -108…108
Monitoring Specifies whether the usable life of a resource or a value is to be Yes | No
usable life monitored.
● A maximum of 100 auxiliary values can be saved in the titrator.
● Auxiliary values cannot be deleted or modified when they are currently in use.
● When an auxiliary value is assigned with the method function Auxiliary value, this is updated in the setup
immediately after completion of the method function.

5.7   Terminal
You use the Terminal button to display the chip ID of the chip in the terminal (only for V30).

34 Setup
6   Manual operations
You can use manual operations to access various titrator functions that are not directly connected to the execu­
tion of an analysis, but that might be useful during the sample preparation, for example.
You can call up the following manual operations from here with the relevant titrator components:
Hardware com­ Possible manual operations Possible usages
ponents
Stirrer Stir Dissolve a solid sample
Sensor Measure Voltametric indication
Burette Rinse Rinse burette before changing a titrant
Dispense Dispense during sample preparation
Pump Pump Fill, empty, or replace solvents.
● A maximum of four manual operations can be performed at the same time (one per hardware component).
● Manual operations can also be executed while an analysis is running, if the hardware components that you
want to operate manually are not already being used by the analysis.
● The resource parameters in all editable fields can be changed temporarily (only for the execution of the
manual operation in question) and can vary from the setup settings. The changes made will not be copied
over to the setup, however.

6.1   Stirrer
To switch a connected stirrer (Rod stirrer or magnetic stirrer) on or off for a definable time interval and at a
definable stirring speed, select the following:
Navigation: Home > Manual > Stirrer
1 Make a selection in Titration stand.
2 Select the desired stirrer in Stirrer output and enter the speed in [%].
3 Enter the stir time in [sec] or select "∞" for an infinite duration.
4 Tap [Start] to start the stirrer.
The stirrer starts. Tap [Stop] to stop the stirrer at any time (terminating the manual operation).

Define the following parameters:

Parameters Description Values
Titration stand Defines which titration stand is to be used. List of available titration
stands
Stirrer output Defines the stirrer output. MB/Stirrer1 | MB/Stir­
rer2 | AB1/Stirrer |
Internal stirrer | More
depending on configu­
ration
Speed Defines the stirring speed in [%]. 0…100
Stir time The stirring time, in [sec], during which the stirrer should be in 0…104 | ∞
operation. Select "∞" for unlimited stirring time.
● Entries made here will only be applied to the manual operation and will have no effect on the instrument
settings.

6.2   Sensor
Navigation: Home > Manual > Sensor
1 Select the sensor you want to use from the list of sensors defined in the settings.
2 Determine the polarization current.
3 Select the relevant titration stand.
4 Select the stirrer output for the stirrer and enter a speed.
5 Enter the duration of the measurement in [sec].

Manual operations 35
 6 Select whether to output a record on the printer.
7 If you want to output a record on the printer, use dt [sec] to define the time interval between measurements.
8 Tap [Start] to start the measurement.
9 Tap [Stop] to terminate the procedure at any time.
During the measurement, the system will display the online curve (measured values in the selected unit versus
time). You can also tap [Measured values] to display a table of measured values instead of the curve.
You can define the following parameters for polarized sensors:

6.2.1   Polarized sensor
Parameters Description Values
Sensor Select a sensor from the list. The list depends on the sensor type List of available sensors
selected in Type.
Ipol Ipol is the polarization current, in [µA], for the voltametric indica­ 0.0…24.0
tion.
Titration stand Defines which titration stand is to be used. List of available titration
stands
Stirrer output Defines the stirrer output. MB/Stirrer1 | MB/Stir­
rer2 | AB1/Stirrer |
Internal stirrer | More
depending on configu­
ration
Speed Defines the stirring speed in [%]. 0…100
Temperature Input field for the temperature [°C]. -20…200
Duration The measurement and stirring time, in [sec]. Select "∞" for 0…104 | ∞
unlimited measurement time.
Record If activated, the measured values will be printed out. Yes | No
dt Defines the time interval in [sec] for outputting measured values 1…6000
to the printer.
Only appears if Record = Yes was selected.
Changes made in this dialog will only be applied to the manual operations "Sensor" and have no effect on the
settings made in the Setup.

6.3   Burette
Navigation: Home > Manual > Burette
In the Burette dialog window you can carry out various manual operations with the available burettes.
To rinse an available Burette, dispense a defined quantity of titrant or run a manual titration with a selected
burette, select:

6.3.1   Rinse burette
The "Rinse" operation allows you to rinse a burette and its connecting tubes and fill it with fresh titrant, for
example if you want to remove air bubbles from the system.
Select:
Navigation: Home > Manual > Burette > Rinse
1 Select the titrant that you want to use for rinsing.
2 Enter the number of rinse cycles.
3 Enter the discharge volume in [%] to define the percentage of the burette's total volume that you want to
discharge during each rinse cycle.
4 Enter the filling rate in [%] to define the speed at which you want to refill the burette. (100% is the maxi­
mum rate.)
5 Select "Start" to start the measurement.
6 You can select "Stop" to terminate the procedure at any time.

36 Manual operations
 You can determine the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Titrant Select a titrant from the list of the defined titrants. Titrant list
Cycles Defines the number of rinse cycles to be executed. 1…100
Discharge vol­ The volume of titrant, in [mL], to be discharged during the rins­ 10…100
ume ing process.
Fill rate The filling rate of the burette in percent. 100% stands for maxi­ 30…100
mum filling rate.

6.3.2   Dispense
Navigation: Home > Manual > Dispense
The Dispense operation lets you manually dispense a defined quantity of titrant.
1 Select the titrant you would like to dispense.
2 Select the drive on which the titrant is installed. (For PnP burettes, the system automatically selects the
appropriate drive.)
3 Enter the volume to be dispensed in [ml].
4 Enter the filling rate in [%] to define the speed at which you want to refill the burette. (100% is the maxi­
mum rate.)
5 Tap [Start] to start the measurement.
6 Tap [Stop] to terminate the procedure at any time.
You can determine the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Titrant Select a titrant from the list of the defined titrants. Titrant list
Drive The drive on which the burette with the selected titrant is installed. 1…8
Volume Defines the volume to be dispensed, in [mL]. 0.001…100
Fill rate The filling rate of the burette in percent. 100% stands for maxi­ 30…100
mum filling rate.

6.4   Pump
Navigation: Home > Manual > Pump
You can use the Pump operation to fill or drain (depending on the hose connections) any volume of liquid from
the titration beaker using the Solvent manager.
Proceed as follows to start a pump process:
1 Choose the action that you want to perform (empty, fill, replace solvent).
2 Enter the duration of the relevant action in [sec].
3 Tap [Start] to start the measurement.
4 Tap [Stop] to terminate the procedure at any time.
You can determine the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Action Determines the actions for the pump process. Drain | Fill | Replace
solvent
Drain time Defines the pumping time for draining a fluid. 0...1000 | ∞
The duration of the drain operation for the tubes should be as
long as possible to ensure that the tubes are completely free of
liquids following draining.
Fill time Defines the pumping time for filling a liquid. 0...1000 | ∞
Reset counter If this parameter is set, all counters are reset when cell filling Yes | No
commences (applies to current capacity per number of sam­
ples). The fill date for the cell is also reset.
Stirrer A stirrer can be switched on. Yes | No
Only for Action = Fill or Drain.

Manual operations 37
 Titration stand The name of the titration stand. List of titration stands
only if stirrer is activated.
Stirrer output Specifies the stirrer output at the relevant board (only available if Internal stirrer | More
Stirrer is activated). depending on configu­
ration
Speed Speed in [%]. 0…100
Only if stirrer is activated.

38 Manual operations
7   Methods
To carry out an analysis with the titrator, you require a method. A method is an analysis program and consists
of a sequence of method functions (some with method subfunctions), which are processed by the titrator in
sequence.
In this chapter, you will learn how to access and define methods.
The basic building blocks of a titration method consist of sample preparation, stirring and wait times, the actual
titration, result calculation and a record. The titrator defines these partial steps as functions that consist of para­
meters whose values can be changed.
Types of Methods
The titrator distinguishes between the following method types with different objectives:
● KF-vol
Method for volumetric water content determination with the Karl Fischer method.
● External Extraction
"External extraction" is a KF method for samples with extremely inhomogeneous water dissipation. It is also
used for insoluble solids which only release water slowly, even if broken into smaller pieces.
● Stromboli
Method for selecting the Stromboli oven sample changer as the titration stand.
Preloaded Methods
A number of methods have already been stored in the device. These methods were developed by METTLER
TOLEDO for specific uses and can be used immediately for the corresponding analysis.
You can change these methods in line with your requirements and save them as user methods.
When creating methods you can revert to method templates, which, according to their objective, specify the
structure of the method, and whose parameters already contain the most suitable default values.
Method ID
You can distinguish between different types of method and single methods of the same type using their ID:
● Each method has its own unique method ID.
● The method ID of the Mettler method for volumetric Karl Fischer titration consisting of "KFV", followed by a
sequential number (KFV01, KFV02...).
● You can enter a name of your choice for the method ID for a user method, however it cannot begin with
"KFV"followed by a number.

7.1   METTLER TOLEDO Methods

METTLER TOLEDO methods are preprogrammed methods for executing specific applications. These methods
are stored in the device prior to shipping (Methods List) and can be started immediately by the user. METTLER
methods not only provide the sequence of the method functions, but they also define all of the method function
settings. A METTLER method can be saved as a user method by saving it under a different method ID.
ID Title Description Titrant Sensor
M300 Water standard 10.0 mg/g KFVol KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp
M301 Di-Sodium-Tartrate 15.660% KFVol KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp
M302 Toluene dry KFVol KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp
M303 Acetone dry KFVol KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp
M304 Milk powder (homogenizer) KFVol KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp
M305 Tobacco (external extraction) KFVol external extraction KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp
M306 Corn starch (manual oven) KFVol KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp

Methods 39
 ID Title Description Titrant Sensor
M307 Air (gaseous samples) KFVol KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp
M311 Water standard tablet 10 mg KFVol KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp
M312 Oven stand. 5.55% (Stromboli) KFVol Stromboli KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp
M313 Temp. ramp (Stromboli) KFVol Stromboli KF 1-comp | KF DM143-SC
2-comp

7.2   Creating Methods
You create a new method by changing the parameters of a delivered METTLER method and saving it under a
new method ID or by selecting an appropriate method template from the list of proposals, modifying it, and
saving it under a new ID.
Navigation: Home > Methods
1 Tap [New] to create a new method on the basis of a template.
2 From the available templates, choose the one that is most similar to the method you wish to create.
You can now modify this method in line with your requirements by inserting or removing method func­
tions or modifying its parameters.
3 In the method function Title, enter a new method ID. Afterwards, a new method will be stored under this
method ID.
4 Assign a title to your new method.
5 Select available method functions to modify their parameters in line with your requirements.
6 Tap [Insert] to add additional method functions to the template.
7 Now use the arrow-shaped button to select the required position for the new method function in the method.
(You will only be able to insert the method functions that are allowed in the corresponding location based
on the method syntax.)
8 From the list, select the method function that you want to insert.
9 Modify the individual parameters of the method function in line with the resources.
The new method function appears in the method.
10 To delete a method function, select the function in question and then tap [Delete].
The method function disappears from the method.
11 After inserting all required method functions, tap [Save].
The method is saved under the method ID and appears in the list of available methods.

● When establishing a new method, follow the rules specified by the instrument.

7.2.1   Method Templates
When you create a new method, the method templates prescribe the sequence of the method functions. These
method templates are not application-specific, but are dependent on the type of titrator. They allow the user to
establish user methods quickly and easily. Most of the settings in the method functions that occur in a standard
method already have default values.
To convert a method template into a user method, it has to be saved under a method ID.
Title Type of instrument Method type
EQP T50/T70/T90 General titration
EP T50/T70/T90 General titration
Stating T50/T70/T90 General titration
Measure T50/T70/T90 General titration
2-phase T50/T70/T90 General titration
EQP detection T50/T70/T90 General titration
Titer with EQP T50/T70/T90 Titer determination

40 Methods
 Titer with EP T50/T70/T90 Titer determination
Calibration T50/T70/T90 Calibration
Segmented calibration T50/T70/T90 Calibration
Blank with EQP T50/T70/T90 General titration
Blank with EP T50/T70/T90 General titration
EP/EQP T50/T70/T90 General titration
EQP/EQP T50/T70/T90 General titration
EP/EP T50/T70/T90 General titration
Titer with EQP & EQP T70/T90 General titration
Titer with EP & EP T70/T90 General titration
Calibration & EQP T70/T90 General titration
Calibration & EP T70/T90 General titration
Calibration & titer with EQP & EQP T70/T90 General titration
Calibration & titer with EP & EP T70/T90 General titration

7.3   Modifying or Deleting Methods

You can change user methods or METTLER methods and store them under new method IDs.
Once a METTLER method has been modified, you will only be able to save it as a copy (or as a user method)
with a new method ID.
Modifying a method
To modify a method, select:
Home > Methods
1 From the displayed list of methods, select the method that you want to modify.
2 As soon as the methods functions of the selected method appear on the screen, you can modify the
method.
3 In the "Title" method function, enter a new method ID. Afterwards, a new method will be stored under this
method ID. You can enter up to twenty alphanumeric characters.
4 Select available method functions to modify their parameters in line with your requirements.
5 Choose Insert to add additional method functions to the template.
6 Now use the arrow-shaped "Insert" button to select the required position for the new method function in the
method. (You will only be able to insert the method functions that are allowed in the corresponding location
based on the method syntax.)
7 From the list, select the method function that you want to insert.
8 Modify the individual parameters of the method function.
The new method function appears in the method.

1 To delete a method function, select the function in question and then choose Delete.
2 After you have made all of the necessary adjustments, you can store the method in the titrator by choosing
Save.
Deleting Methods
You can easily delete user-defined methods from the titrator. Select:
Home > Methods
1 Select the method that you want to delete.
2 Choose Delete method to delete the method from the titrator's memory.

7.4   Starting Methods
The titrator offers various ways of starting a method:
● From the method editor
● By choosing Start from the Home dialog

Methods 41
 ● By using a shortcut on the Home screen
● Via the Series dialog
● By using the "Setup" dialog (to perform a calibration or titer determination)

You can use the method editor to start any method stored in the titrator.
1 From the displayed list in the Methods dialog, select the method that you wish to start (Home > Methods).
2 As soon as the method functions of the selected method appear on the screen, you can open the Start
analysis screen by choosing Start.
3 Choose Start again to reach an overview screen on the resources required for the method. (Only if this was
defined in the analysis sequence settings.)
4 To execute the method, confirm the screen by choosing OK.

7.5   Stopping methods
To terminate an analysis or series while it is running, cancel the relevant method as follows:
● Select the Stop method button in the online dialog to terminate the current analysis.The system then auto­
matically enters Standby mode. Canceled sample, concentration, and blank determinations are listed and
marked in the results.
If a drift determination is canceled, this is not entered in the results.
● You can use the More button in the online dialog to open the More KF functions window.
Here you can use the Stop method button to cancel a method directly. The titrator performs no further
actions. No printout is generated, and you return directly to the Home dialog.
You can use the End series button to terminate a series. Once the series is completed, the titrator switches
to Standby or Pretitration mode and the series can be restarted. A new series is entered in the "Results" and
the original sample parameters are reused.
You can use the Save series data button to save the series that is assigned to the analysis to be terminated
as a complete file in the form "SeriesXY". You can also save sample data from a method that is currently in
the queue. If the maximum permitted number of series (see "Series templates (page 56)") has been
reached, the series is not saved.
For an explanation of the remaining buttons in the More KF functions dialog, refer to "The user interface: online
dialog for KF(vol) titrations (page 13)").

See also
● Series templates  (page 56)

7.6   Method Syntax – Rules for Establishing a Method

A method consists of a sequence of method functions that are executed sequentially when a method is
processed. When establishing a method, certain rules (method syntax) must be followed. These fundamental
rules are described below:

7.6.1   Possible Number of Method Functions

The following table shows the method functions for the Karl Fischer method types (KF vol, external extraction
and Stromboli). The maximum number of functions per method is listed.
Method function Max. Number per Method for Max. Number for Stromboli
All KF Method Types Except Methods
Stromboli
Title 1 1
Sample (KF) 1 14
Titration stand (KF) 1 14
Titration (KF Vol) 1 14
Calculation 40 40
End of sample 1 14
Auxiliary value 30 30

42 Methods
 Method function Max. Number per Method for Max. Number for Stromboli
All KF Method Types Except Methods
Stromboli
Blank - 10
Instruction 10 10
Record 10 14
Drift determination - 14
Mix time 1 15
Homogenizer 2 -
Standby (Stromboli) - 1
● Stromboli methods are only available for the model V30.
● The model V20 has restricted functions. The following method functions are not available:"Stromboli",
"Homogenizer", "Auxiliary value".
For the "Calculation" method function, in contrast to the V30, a maximum of only three per method is per­
mitted, and only one each for "Instruction" and "Record".

7.6.2   Types and Possible Number of Loops

A method can contain one or more loops, depending on the type of instrument. The ranges of a method
through which several samples will pass are defined using a "loop". The method functions before and after a
loop are each conducted only once, even if an analysis contains several samples.
The beginning and end of a sample loop are defined by the method functions "Sample" and "End of Sample".
The "End of Sample" method function is executed, and the sample loop stopped, only after the last sample in a
series.
● Only entire loops can be inserted into, or deleted from, a method.
● Nested loops are not possible.

Different numbers of KF loops are allowed within a method, depending on the method type:
Method type Maximum number of loops per method
KF vol 1
External extraction 1 (for V30 only)
Stromboli 14 (for V30 only)

7.6.3   Sample loops
Two templates exist for the "Stromboli (KF vol)" method type; one with and one without a blank value. The tem­
plate for the KF sample loop with the "Blank value" method function is shown below (for V30 only):
Sample loop (KF): Sample (KF)
Titration stand (Stromboli)
Mix time
Titration (KF vol)
Calculation
Report
End of sample
Blank

7.6.4   Method Functions Within a Loop

The method functions that are permitted within a loop between the "Sample" and "End of sample" method func­
tions are limited and depend on the loop type.
The following method functions are essentially permissible within a sample loop in arbitrary order. However, for
the method functions Titration Stand, Calculation, and Record, certain rules must be followed:

Methods 43
 ● The "Titration stand" method function must follow immediately after the "Sample (KF)" function that intro­
duces the loop.
● It is best to insert the method function "Calculation" after the method function that determines the raw results
for the calculation.
● The method function "Record" can be only inserted after the method function that generates the results the
record should contain.
For KF method
● Titration Stand (KFStand | Stromboli | External KF stand)
● Mix time
● Homogenizer (for V30 only, not for method types "Stromboli and ext. extraction)
● Titration (KF vol)
● Auxiliary value
● Instruction
● Report
● Calculation

The following method functions are only available for the method type "Stromboli":
● Blank
● Drift determination

7.6.5   Method Functions Outside of a Loop

In addition to the preset "Title" method function, which always appears at the start, additional method functions
can be inserted outside a loop depending on the method type:
No selection options are available outside the sample loop for the "KF-Vol" method type.
For the method type "Stromboli KFVol", you can use the following method functions:
● Calculation
● Blank
● Auxiliary value
● Instruction
● Record
● Drift determination
● Standby

The "Standby" method function must be in the final position in the method.

7.7   Overview of Method Functions

Overview of method functions: KF Vol

Functions Explanation Inside loop Outside loop
Title Title and characteristics of the method. No Yes
Sample (KF) Start of a sample loop. Start of loop
Titration stand KF stand Select a titration stand (KF stand, Yes No
Stromboli)
Mix time Duration of the mixing process This value Yes No
is gained from experience. It can be
entered specifically for each sample.
Homogenizer Controls a homogenizer and defines the Yes No
speed (only for RS homogenizer) and
duration of its usage (not for method types
Stromboli or ext. extraction).
Titration (KF Vol) Conducts a Karl Fischer titration. Yes No

44 Methods
 Functions Explanation Inside loop Outside loop
All auxiliary values Assigns a result or an arbitrary value to an Yes Yes
auxiliary value and updates the value
stored in Setup.
Instruction Halts the analysis and displays instruc­ Yes Yes
tions on the screen for the user.
Record Defines the record data to be output to the Yes Yes
printer.
Drift determination Determines the drift for Karl Fischer titra­ Yes Yes
tions (only for method type Stromboli).
Blank Assigns a result or an arbitrary value to a Yes Yes
blank and updates the value saved in the
setup (only for method type "Stromboli").
Calculation Converts the analysis results. Yes Yes
End of sample Concludes a sample loop. End of loop Yes
Standby Returns the titrator to standby mode on No Yes
completion of the Stromboli series, so that
new series can be started quickly.

Note
The following sequence must be observed within the Karl Fischer loop:
1. Sample
2. Titration stand
3. Drift determination (only for Stromboli)*
4. Homogenizer*
5. Mix time
6. Titration
7. Calculation*
8. Record*
9. End of sample
10. Standby*(only for Stromboli)

Functions marked with * are optional.

7.8   Method functions
All definable parameters for the following method functions are described below.

7.8.1   Title
Defines the title and type of a method of a method, and manages properties such as the creation and change
date, the author, and whether or not the method is to be protected.
Parameters Description Values
ID Unique ID of the method. arbitrary (cannot start
with "M" followed by a
numeric character)
Title Title of the method. Arbitrary
Protect Protects the method against changes and Yes | No
deletion by any user other than the author or the administrator.
SOP Standard operating procedure None | Text | Link
(SOP: (SOP)
SOP-Text Text for a standard operating procedure Arbitrary text
(if "SOP" = "text" is selected.)
SOP ID ID for the link to a standard operating procedure (if "SOP" = "link" Arbitrary
is selected.)

Methods 45
 7.8.2   Drift determination
You can use the "Drift determination" method function to record the drift for Karl Fischer titration after a specific
wait time. This method function can be inserted both within the loop (per sample) and outside the loop (per
series).
The method function "Drift determination" applies only for methods of the type "Stromboli".
Parameters Description Values
Wait time Here you can enter the time in [s] until the drift is to be recorded. 0…1000
Duration You can enter the length of time in [min] for which the drift deter­ 0 … 10
mination should last.
Interval Defines the drift determination interval, i.e., after how many sam­ 0 … 10
ples the drift determination will be performed. Appears only if the
method function is used within a loop.

7.8.3   Sample (KF)
The "Sample (KF)" method function for Karl Fischer titration is subdivided into the subfunctions "Sample", "Con­
centration", and "Blank value" (only for external extraction). You can define the following parameters:
Subfunction: Sample
Parameters Description Values
Number of IDs Defines the number of sample IDs to be defined. 1…3
ID 1…ID 3 The name defined here will be used as the default name for the Arbitrary
respective sample on the sample loop.
Only appears subject to the settings made in Number of IDs.
Entry type Defines whether the sample should be added with a defined Weight | Fixed weight |
mass, defined volume or defined number of pieces. The sample Volume | Fixed
data query will then adjust according to the unit of measurement. volume | Pieces | Fixed
Fixed volume or Fixed pieces: The sampling weight, sample pieces
volume or number of pieces will be entered as the parameter in
this method function and will not be prompted when conducting
the method.
Lower limit Defines the lower limit for the variable entry of data. The unit will [g]: 0 … 1000
depend on the setting for the Entry type parameter. [mL]: 0 … 104
Only appears if for Entry type no "Fixed" values are selected. [pcs.]: 0…106
Upper limit Defines the upper limit for the variable entry of data. The unit will [g]: 0 … 103
depend on the setting for the Entry type parameter. [mL]: 0 … 103
Only appears if for Entry type no "Fixed" values are selected. [pcs.]: 0 … 106
Weight Weight in [g]. 0…1000
Appears only if Entry type = Fixed weight was selected.
Value Volume in [mL]. 0...104
Only appears if for Entry type "Fixed" values are selected.
Pieces The number of sample(s). 0…106
Appears only if Entry type = Fixed pieces was selected.
Weight per The weight in [g] per pirece. 0 … 1000
piece Appears only if Entry type = Pieces or Fixed pieces was select­
ed.
Density The density of a liquid sample substance, in [g/mL]. 0.0001…100
Appears only if Entry type = Weight, Volume, Fixed weight or
Fixed volume was selected.
Solvent weight Quantity of solvent in [g] in which the sample was extracted or 0...1000
dissolved.
Only for method type = Ext. Extraction.
Wt. extracted Total weight of sample in [g] which was extracted or dissolved in 0...1000
sample the solvent.
Only for method type = Ext. Extraction.
Correction factor Any correction factor that can be used in calculations. 0.0001…106

46 Methods
Temperature The temperature in [°C] during the analysis. If temperature moni­ -20…200
toring is activated in a titration function, the system will ignore
the sample temperature given here.
Autostart If activated, KF titration starts following a significant signal Yes | No
increase within 30 seconds after the start of the analysis (not for
Stromboli methods).
If deactivated, the sample addition must be confirmed before
titration can begin.
Analysis start If Automatic is selected, the analysis begins without any user Automatic | Manual
confirmation if the value falls below the maximum start drift and
the defined stability criterion Drift stability/dt and the set temper­
ature are reached.
If the standby is executed by the method function Standby (only
for Stromboli), the automatic start is not performed (affects the
2nd, 3rd....series).
If the analysis is started manually, the Stromboli series must be
started explicitly in the Standby dialog.
Drift stability Maximum permitted drift difference in [µg/min]. 0...1000
Only for "Stromboli" method type and if Analysis start = Auto­
matic is selected.
Entry Determines the input time for the sample size. Arbitrary | After addi­
Before: The sample size must be entered before the titration. tion
Arbitrary: The sample size will have to be entered at any time
during the titration (no later than when it is used during the cal­
culations). Only appears if for Entry type no "Fixed" values are
selected.
After addition: You are prompted to enter the sample data once
the sample has been added. The sample size - even during the
method execution - can be entered later on (however, no later
than when required for use in formulas).
Subfunction: Concentration
To correctly determine the water content of a sample, the concentration of the titrant should be determined using
Karl Fischer water standards (see "Appendix"). The concentration determination is performed using rule and
cancellation parameters.
Any predispensing defined in the method is not performed. A defined blank value is also not taken into account
in the calculation. Following a concentration determination, the system always switches to standby mode to
enable double and multiple determinations.
The concentration determination can be started manually. You can start the concentration determination of the
KF titrant from "Standby" of any Karl Fischer (KF) method. You can determine the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Standard Select the name of the standard from the standards list. Select from the stan­
dards defined in the set­
up.
Entry type Defines whether the sample should be added with a defined Weight | Fixed weight |
mass, defined volume or defined number of pieces. The sample Volume | Fixed
data query will then adjust according to the unit of measurement. volume | Pieces | Fixed
Fixed volume or Fixed pieces: The sampling weight, sample pieces
volume or number of pieces will be entered as the parameter in
this method function and will not be prompted when conducting
the method.
Lower limit Defines the lower limit for the variable entry of data. The unit will [g]: 0 … 1000
depend on the setting for the Entry type parameter. [mL]: 0 … 104
Only appears if for Entry type no "Fixed" values are selected. [pcs.]: 0…106
Upper limit Defines the upper limit for the variable entry of data. The unit will [g]: 0 … 103
depend on the setting for the Entry type parameter. [mL]: 0 … 103
Only appears if for Entry type no "Fixed" values are selected. [pcs.]: 0 … 106
Weight Weight in [g]. 0…1000
Appears only if Entry type = Fixed weight was selected.

Methods 47
 Value Volume in [mL]. 0...104
Only appears if for Entry type "Fixed" values are selected.
Pieces The number of sample(s). 0…106
Appears only if Entry type = Fixed pieces was selected.
Mix time The duration of stirring in [s] with the defined "Stir" speed. 0…104
Autostart If activated, KF titration starts following a significant signal Yes | No
increase within 30 seconds after the start of the analysis (not for
Stromboli methods).
If deactivated, the sample addition must be confirmed before
titration can begin.
Entry Determines the input time for the sample size. Arbitrary | After addi­
Before: The sample size must be entered before the titration. tion
Arbitrary: The sample size will have to be entered at any time
during the titration (no later than when it is used during the cal­
culations). Only appears if for Entry type no "Fixed" values are
selected.
After addition: You are prompted to enter the sample data once
the sample has been added. The sample size - even during the
method execution - can be entered later on (however, no later
than when required for use in formulas).
Lower limit Defines the lower limit of the concentration limit. 0.1…100
Upper limit Defines the upper limit of the concentration limit. 0.1…100
Outside of these limits, the actual concentration is not entered in the setup.
Subfunction: Blank value
The "Blank value" method function assigns a determined water content to the solvent. The blank can be a fixed
value, can be taken from the setup, or can be requested by the system.
The method function "Blank value" is only available for the method type "External extraction".
You can determine the following parameters:
Parameters Description Values
Source for blank Setup: After the blank value is determined, the value and the unit Setup | Fix value [%] |
of the blank are transferred to the settings. Fix value [ppm] |
Fix: The value defined in the method is used. Request [%] | Request
[ppm]
Request: The blank value in the relevant unit is requested before
each sample.
The specified blank value is labeled with "B" in the method func­
tion Calculation.
Value Here you can enter a numerical value. 0...106
Only appears if for Entry type "Fixed" values are selected.
Blank The blank value assigned to the solvent to be determined. Value from the settings
You can select a blank value defined in the settings.
Unit Defines the unit in which the blank value is calculated and used % | ppm
in a calculation. The unit for calculation with a blank value must
be the same as the unit set here.
Applies for the Setup option only.
Entry type Defines whether the sample should be added with a defined Weight | Fixed weight |
mass or defined volume. The sample data query will then adjust Volume | Fixed volume
according to the unit of measurement.
For Fixed weight or Fixed volume, the sample mass and the
sample volume are entered as parameters in the method function
and not requested in the sequence of the method.
Lower limit Defines the lower limit for the variable entry of sample data in 0...1000
[mL] or [g]. The unit will depend on the setting for Entry type
parameter.
Applies only for Entry type = Weight and Volume.

48 Methods
 Upper limit Defines the upper limit for the variable entry of sample data in 0...1000
[ml] or [g]. The unit will depend on the setting for the Entry type
parameter.
Applies only for Entry type = Weight and Volume.
Weight Weight in [g]. 0…1000
Appears only if Entry type = Fixed weight was selected.
Volume Volume in [mL]. 0…1000
Appears only if Entry type = Fixed volume was selected.
Density The density of the liquid sample in [g/mL] for Entry type = Vol­ 0…1000
ume or Fixed volume.
Mix time The duration of stirring in [s] with the defined "Stir" speed. 0…104
Autostart If activated, KF titration starts following a significant signal Yes | No
increase within 30 seconds after the start of the analysis (not for
Stromboli methods).
If deactivated, the sample addition must be confirmed before
titration can begin.
Limits Determines whether limits should be taken into account for Yes | No
acquisition of a value. If the value is outside these limits, the val­
ue is not transferred to Setup.
Upper limit Defines the upper blank limit. Appears only if "limits" = "yes" was 0...106
selected. Outside these limits, the blank value is not entered in
the setup.

See also
● Blanks  (page 33)

7.8.4   Titration stand
You can use the following parameters to specify the relevant titration stand.
The "KF stand" titration stand is available for Karl Fischer (KF) methods, and the "Stromboli TTL stand" is avail­
able for KF Stromboli methods.
Parameters Description Values
Titration stand Defines which titration stand is to be used. List of available titration
stands
Source for drift Online (not for Stromboli): For calculations, the drift determined Online | Determination
in the online procedure is used. | Fix value | Request
Determination: The drift saved in the titration stand setup for the
KF titration stand selected in the method is used.
Fix value: The drift value determined in the method.
Request: The drift value is requested before each sample or
Stromboli series.
Drift Value of the drift in [µg/min]. 0...1000
Max. start drift The maximum drift for which a sample determination can still be 0...1000
started.
Oven tempera­ Temperature setting in [°C] for the "Stromboli" oven sample 50...300
ture changer.
Only for Titration stand = Stromboli TTL.

7.8.5   Homogenizer
The method function "Homogenizer" applies only for Karl Fischer titrations when not using the Stromboli oven
sample changer, and does not apply for the method type "External extraction". The TTL homogenizer can be
switched on for a defined period of time.
For the TTL homogenizer, you can also determine the stir time:
Parameters Description Values
Duration Duration in [s]. 1...104

Methods 49
 7.8.6   Mix time
You can use the "Mix time" method function to define the stir time in [sec] for Karl Fischer titration. This value is
obtained from experience and can be entered individually for each sample.
The stir speed, however, is entered in the method function "Titration" using the "Stir" parameter. This applies for
the whole method.
Parameters Description Values
Duration Duration in [s]. 1...104

7.8.7   Titration (KF vol)

The Karl Fischer titration is performed using the "Titration (KF vol)" method function. This function contains sub­
functions, which each have their own parameters.
You can determine the relevant parameters for the following subfunctions:
Subfunction: Titrant
Parameters Description Values
Titrant Select a titrant from the list of the defined titrants. Titrant list
Subfunction: Sensor
Parameters Description Values
Sensor Select a sensor from the list. The list depends on the sensor type List of available sensors
selected in Type.
For Karl Fischer titrations, only polarized sensors can be selected.
Ipol Ipol is the polarization current, in [µA], for the voltametric indica­ 0.0…24.0
tion.
Subfunction: Stir
Parameters Description Values
Speed Defines the stirring speed in [%]. 0…100
Subfunction: Predispensing
Parameters Description Values
Mode Specifies the type of addition: Volume | None
Volume: predispenses a specific volume.
None: does not predispense.
Volume The volume to be predispensed in [mL]. 0.0001…1000 | Auxil­
Only for Mode = Volume. iary value | Formula

Wait time Defines a waiting time, in [sec]. 0…32000

After predispensing or, if Mode = None, before the start of titra­
tion.
Subfunction: Control
The maximum dosing rates are dependent on the size of the burette. The user is able to edit the entire value
range. When Start is pressed, the system then checks whether the entered values are actually possible with the
current burette size.
Burette size [ml] Maximum dosing
rate [mL/min]
1 3
5 15
10 30
20 60
Parameters Description Values
End point End point in [mV] of the Karl Fischer titration and the standby -2000 … 2000
titration.

50 Methods
 Control band The value in [mV] defines the width of the control band. Outside 0.1...2000
the control band, the system will titrate with the maximum dis­
pensing rate. The control band allows the dynamic behavior of
the controller to be influenced. Reducing the control band causes
a more aggressive control behavior, while increasing the control
band gives a gentler control behavior. When the measurement
curve reaches the control band, the titrator slows down the addi­
tion of titrant to approach the end point cautiously.
Dosing rate The maximum dosing rate in [mL/min]. 0.001…60
(max)
Dosing rate The minimum dosing rate in [µL/min]. 1…104
(min)
Start Cautious or normal start of a Karl Fischer titration. Cautious | Normal
Subfunction: Termination
Parameters Description Values
Type Termination of titration following defined drift and if the value falls Drift stop relative |
below the end-point value (EP). Drift stop absolute |
Drift stop relative: Actual drift stop value = online drift + drift Delay time
Drift stop absolute: Actual drift stop value = drift
Delay time: Termination after a delay time below the EP.
Drift The drift value in [µg/min] for the termination criterion drift stop 1.0 ... 106
relative or drift stop absolute.
Delay time Time in [s] from the time the end point is first reached until the 0...6000
termination of the titration.
Min. time Titration is not to be terminated before this time in [s] is reached 0...108 | Auxiliary value
(exception: the maximum volume has been reached).
Max. time Maximum duration of the titration (without post-consumption 0...108 | ∞ | Auxiliary
measurement). value
At Vmax Titration is terminated at the latest when the maximum volume is Yes | No
reached (without post-consumption measurement), even if the
minimum time has not yet elapsed.
The titration is terminated when the maximum time, the maximum volume and the drift stop are reached.

7.8.8   Auxiliary value
This method function assigns a result or arbitrary value to an auxiliary value.
Parameters Description Values
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Formula H= Here you can enter a formula that will be used to convert the Formula (see "Evalua­
result of the sample loop to the auxiliary value. You can also tion and calculation
enter a number or an auxiliary value. (page 71)") | Auxiliary
Value | Number
Limits Determines whether limits should be taken into account for Yes | No
acquisition of a value. If the value is outside these limits, the val­
ue is not transferred to Setup.
Interruption out­ Determines whether the method should be interrupted if a value Yes | No
side limits lies outside the defined limits (only appears if the "Limits" para­
meter has been activated).
A message (which must be acknowledged) appears advising
that the process has been interrupted during the time that the
message is displayed.
Lower limit Appears only if "limits" = "yes" was selected. -108 … 108
Upper limit Appears only if "limits" = "yes" was selected. -108 … 108

7.8.9   Blank
This method function assigns a result or an arbitrary value to a blank value, including units (only for methods
of type "Stromboli").

Methods 51
 Parameters Description Values
Name Specify a descriptive name of your choice. Arbitrary
Value B= Here you can enter a formula that will be used to convert the Formula (see "Evalua­
sample loop result to the blank. You can also enter a number or tion and Calculation
an auxiliary value. (page 71)") | Auxiliary
Value | Number
Unit The units in which the blank is specified. Arbitrary
Limits Determines whether limits should be taken into account for Yes | No
acquisition of a value. If the value is outside these limits, the val­
ue is not transferred to Setup.
Interruption out­ Determines whether the method should be interrupted if a value Yes | No
side limits lies outside the defined limits (only appears if the "Limits" para­
meter has been activated).
A message (which must be acknowledged) appears advising
that the process has been interrupted during the time that the
message is displayed.
Lower limit Appears only if "limits" = "yes" was selected. -108 … 108
Upper limit Appears only if "limits" = "yes" was selected. -108 … 108

7.8.10   Instruction
Interrupts the analysis and outputs an on-screen instruction to the user. Either the user has to confirm the
instructions or they will disappear automatically after a certain period.
Parameters Description Values
Instruction The text of the instructions to be output to the display. Arbitrary, including
This text can also contain a formula or auxiliary values, enclosed enclosed formula (con­
in percent symbols. trol characters: %)
Example: "Add %VEQ*m/z% g".
Continue after Confirmation: The analysis will continue as soon as the user Confirmation | Time
confirms the instructions. interval
Time interval: The analysis is continued after the defined time
period has elapsed.
Time interval The time period, in [sec], during which the analysis is terminated 0…106
and the instructions are displayed on the screen.
Only appears if Continue after = Time interval is selected.
Print If selected, the instructions will be output to a connected printer. Yes | No

7.8.11   Calculation
For converting the titration results.
Parameters Description Values
Result type If the result type "Automatic" is selected, a predefined result from Automatic | User defined
the proposal list is used. The parameters "Result", "Unit", "Formu­
la", and "Constant" are adjusted automatically in accordance
with the entry type selected in the method function sample (KF)
and cannot be changed.
If "User defined" is selected, all parameters can be edited. You
can also select a predefined result type from the results proposal
list.
● The "Result type" parameter is not available for KF titrators in the 20 series, and is set to "Automatic".
● "Result type" is hidden for the "Stromboli" method type and is fixed to "user-defined".
Result After selecting a result from the dropdown list, the system will Results list | Arbitrary
automatically set the "Result unit", "Formula" and "Constant"
parameters. But you will be able to make any changes to them
that you would like without having the system adjust the other
parameters. You can also enter any number.

52 Methods
Result unit The unit of the result. (Is not automatically adjusted after changes Device list | Arbitrary
to "Formula" or "Constant".) You can also use "Proposal" to
select from a predefined suggestion list.
Formula The formula for calculating the result. You can use "Results pro­ Formula list | Arbitrary
posals" to select from a predefined suggestion list.
Constant Definition of the C constant which can be used in the calculation. Constants list | Arbitrary
The constant can itself be a formula. You can also use
"Proposal" to select from a predefined suggestion list.
Decimal places The number of decimal places for the result. 0…6
Result limits Defines whether limits should be observed for the result. If this Yes | No
function is activated, there will be a message in the record if the
result falls outside the defined limits.
Lower limit Defines the lower result limit. -108 … 108
Appears only if "result limits" = "yes" was selected.
Upper limit Defines the upper result limit. -108…108
Appears only if "result limit" = "yes" was selected.
Interruption out­ Determines whether the method should be interrupted if a value Yes | No
side limits lies outside the defined limits (only appears if the "Limits" para­
meter has been activated).
A message (which must be acknowledged) appears advising
that the process has been interrupted during the time that the
message is displayed.
Record statistics Specifies whether statistics should also be issued with the results Yes | No
in the report along with the result.
The statistics are not printed, if in the method function "Protocol"
the parameter "Results" = "No" is selected.
Extra statistical You can use this parameter to switch on extra statistical func­ Yes | No
functions tions. For example, this will allow you to define a maximum val­
ue for the relative standard deviation which, if violated, will cause
individual results to be listed in the record. The settings for this
parameter will only be taken into consideration if the "Calcula­
tion" method function is used within a sample loop.
Multiple determi­ This function helps you do statistical evaluations of sample Yes | No
nation groups.
The sample groups are defined with the "Number of samples"
parameter.
Appears only if "additional statistic functionalities" = "yes" was
selected.
Max. srel If the relative standard deviation for the calculated result is above 0…100
the "Max. srel", the system will output a corresponding message
in the record. Appears only if "Extra statistical functions" = "Yes"
was selected (and if available "Multiple determination" = "Yes").
Number of sam­ Defines the sample groups for a multiple determination. For 2…9
ples example, a value of 3 means that the system will run a statistical
evaluation on three consecutive samples.
Appears only if "Extra statistical functions" and "Multiple determi­
nation" = "Yes" were selected.
Interruption Specifies whether an analysis series should be terminated as Yes | No
above max. srel soon as the relative standard deviation of a sample group within
a multiple determination is above the "Max. srel".
Appears only if "Extra statistical functions" and "Multiple determi­
nation" = "Yes" were selected.
Record If "yes" is selected for "Record", the multiple determination func­ Yes | No
tion will create a record listing the groups after a double determi­
nation whose relative standard deviation lies above a "Max. srel"
number defined in the method.
Appears only if "Extra statistical functions" and "Multiple determi­
nation" = "Yes" were selected.

Methods 53
 7.8.12   Record
This method function defines the type and scope of the data to be output for a report using the printer (see
"Peripherals>Printer").
If the method function "Record" is placed within a sample loop, the record will include all previous method
functions within the current sample loop.
If the method function "Record" is placed outside of a sample loop, the record will include all previous method
functions listed after the last sample loop in the method procedure. A few settings are not available outside of a
loop.
Parameters Description Values
Overview States whether or not a short summary of the results should No | Per sample | Per
appear at the top of the protocol. series out of loop: No |
Yes
Results The results from the "Calculation" method functions. Any statistic within loop: Per Sam­
selected will be recorded after the last sample of a series or mul­ ple | Per Series | No Out
tiple determination. of Loop: No | Yes
Raw results The raw results produced during the determination within loop: Per Sam­
ple | Per Series | No Out
of Loop: No | Yes
Measured value The table of measured values of the current sample (not avail­ Yes | No
table able out of loop).
Sample data The sample data of a sample loop. (Not available outside of Per sample | Per
loop) series | No
Resource data All data in the setup regarding the resources used in the method. Per Sample | Per
Series | Non Per Sample
| Per Series | No
E–V Titration curve of the current sample. The potential is plotted Yes | No
against the volume (not available out of loop).
E–t Titration curve of the current sample. The potential is plotted ver­ Yes | No
sus the time (not available outside of loop).
V–t Titration curve of the current sample. The volume is plotted ver­ Yes | No
sus the time. (not available outside of loop)
H2O -t Titration curve of the current sample. The water content is plotted Yes | No
against the time (not available out of loop).
Drift-t The titration curve "Drift" against "Time" (not available out of Yes | No
loop).
H2O-t & Drift-t Two overlaid titration curves "H2O – t" and "Drift-t" of the current Yes | No
sample (not available out of loop).
V-t & Drift-t Two overlaid titration curves "V – t" and "Drift-t" of the current Yes | No
sample (not available out of loop).

Method Printout of the method used. No | Yes

Series data All data from the series run. No | Yes

7.8.13   End of sample
The "End of sample" method function closes a sample loop. A sample loop refers to the range of a method
through which a sample series will pass for each sample. The commencement of a sample loop is specified
using the "Sample" method function.
Parameters Description Values
Open series Determines whether the subsequent method functions are Yes | No
processed after the method function "End of sample", or if the
titrator returns to Standby mode.

54 Methods
 The parameter "Open series" is only available for Karl Fischer titration without the Stromboli oven sample
changer. If "Open series" is set, the titrator enters "Standby" mode at the end of the analysis and the method
remains active. If "Open series" is not set, the method is ended after the final sample.

7.8.14   Standby
The "Standby" method function can only be inserted in methods of the type Stromboli after the method function
"End of sample". This method function determines whether the method is terminated at the end of the series, or
if the method remains active and then enters standby mode for the first loop.

7.8.15   Hidden method functions

The following hidden functions exist for Karl Fischer methods: Pretitration and standby.
When a Karl Fischer method is started, the system first performs a pretitration. The titrator then switches to
Standby mode. The system switches automatically between Standby and Pretitration. The switch criterion is the
drift value.
If the pretitration lasts longer than 30 minutes, a system message is displayed informing you that the pretitra­
tion cannot be ended because the drift value is too high. You can end the pretitration, and then cancel the
method or series or restart the pretitration.

Methods 55
 8   Series templates
Series templates are used for a sequential series of samples processed using the same method (templates for
sample series (SAS)).
Using series templates, you can group multiple (up to 120) individual samples into one sample series, so
that all the samples in the series can be analyzed consecutively using a defined method.
The list of series templates shows you all the series templates defined in the titrator. Each series template is
shown in the list with its type (SAS = Sample series) and name.
If you select a series template from this list, you can change its parameters or delete the entire template.
● You can create a shortcut on the Home screen for all series templates.
● A maximum of 60 sample series can be saved in the titrator.
● Series templates cannot be created for concentration and blank samples.

8.1   Sample series
Select the New button in the Series templates dialog to create a new series template.The following parameters
will be available:
Parameters Description Values
Sample series ID Here you can assign any ID to the sample series. Arbitrary
Method ID Here you can select the Method ID for the relevant method. Method list
Comment You can enter a brief comment about the series. Arbitrary
Number of sam­ Defines the number of samples to be analyzed. 1…120
ples
If you select a template of type "Stromboli", the "Loop" and "No. of samples" parameters are repeated according
to the number of loops in the assigned method (maximum 14).
During the creation of a sample series, you can use the Samples button to go to the loop list (if the assigned
method includes more than one loop) or go directly to the sample list (if the assigned method only contains
one loop).
From the loop list, you can select a loop to go to the sample list for that loop.

8.2   Sample parameters
The sample list, which can be opened by choosing Samples in the series template, displays all samples of a
loop with a number, the first ID, and the sample size (depending on entry type - see "Method functions: Sam­
ple" (page 46)). You can also edit the samples here.
Series IDs must be unique, although sample IDs do not have to be.
If you want to select an entry from the list or use the New button to create a new list entry, you can define the
following parameters for each sample:
Parameters Description Values
Number Defines the number of the sample. 1…120
A number is automatically assigned when you create a new list entry.
ID A user-defined name for the ID of the sample, in accordance with Arbitrary
the "Sample" method function.
Sample size You can enter the sample size here. 0…1000 [g] | [mL]
For fixed entry types, this field only appears as an info field. 0…106 [pcs.]
Density [g/mL] The density of the sample for the entry types "Weight", "Fixed 0.0001…100
weight", "Volume" and "Fixed volume".
Weight per The weight in [g] per pirece. 0 … 1000
piece Appears only if Entry type = Pieces or Fixed pieces was select­
ed.
Solvent weight Quantity of solvent in [g] in which the sample was extracted or 0...1000
dissolved.
Only for method type = Ext. Extraction.

56 Series templates
Wt. extracted Total weight of sample in [g] which was extracted or dissolved in 0...1000
sample the solvent.
Only for method type = Ext. Extraction.
ID 2…ID 3 The name defined here will be used as the default name for the Arbitrary
respective sample on the sample loop.
Only appears subject to the settings made for Number of IDs.
Comment You can enter a brief comment about the series. Arbitrary
Correction factor Any correction factor that can be used in calculations. 0.0001…106
Temperature The temperature in [°C] during the analysis. -20…200
For entering the sample parameters, particularly for numerous samples, the titrator provides you with assis­
tance in the entry windows of the "ID 1" and "Sample size" parameters:

These extra icons are a quick, direct way to jump to the entry window of the previous sample or next sample.

Series templates 57
 9   Analysis Sequences
9.1   Starting an Analysis
An analysis, whether it be a single or multiple determination, can be started on the titrator in several different
ways:
1. By choosing the following options:
• Start from the method editor
• Start from "Home"
• Start from the "Series" dialog
2. Using a user-specific shortcut or a direct shortcut from "Home".

When you create a shortcut with AddToHome (see "Function description>The user interface:Start analysis dia­
log" ), the following parameters are available:
Parameters Description Values
Description Any name for the shortcut. Arbitrary
Immediate start The method, series, or manual operation can be started immedi­ Yes | No
ately. This enables you to start the analysis without any interfer­
ing dialog.
Homescreen You can select the free position for the shortcut on the Home­ 1…12
position screen.
After you create the shortcut, it appears in the selected position in "Home", from where you can select it by tap­
ping the touchscreen.
When you start an analysis, whether by using a button or with a shortcut, the system always opens the Start
analysis dialog (see "Descripton of Functions > The User Interface > The Start Analysis Dialog"). The only
exceptions are direct shortcuts ("Immediate start" = "Yes"), whose selected settings permit a direct start.
At the start of an analysis, you can still make changes to various settings in the Start analysis dialog. It is
therefore possible, for example, to modify the sample size and define the number of samples to be determined.
If the analysis you want to start is a single determination, you can enter the sample size or sample ID directly
as a parameter in the Start analysis dialog.
In general, the sample data can be entered for each individual sample using the Samples button in the Start
analysis dialog. In the Sample data dialog that opens when you choose this button, a list of the individual
samples is displayed.
In addition, the status is displayed for every sample (regardless of the loop type) in the Sample data dialog.
The following status levels can be assigned to a sample:
● Idle: The sample is not yet running and the sample data can still be edited
● Running: The sample is running but the sample data can still be edited
● Active: The sample is running and the sample data can no longer be edited
● Done: Done – the sample has run and concluded and the sample data can no longer be edited

If you select a sample, you can define the following sample data.
Parameters Description Values
ID 1 The ID for the first or only sample of an analysis. Arbitrary
Sample size You can enter the sample size here. 0…1000 [g] | [mL]
For fixed entry types, this field only appears as an info field. 0…106 [pcs.]
Density You can enter the sample's density, in [g/mL], here. 0…100
Does not appear for the Entry type = Pieces and Fixed pieces.
Weight per The weight in [g] per pirece. 0 … 1000
piece Appears only if Entry type = Pieces or Fixed pieces was select­
ed.
Solvent weight Quantity of solvent in [g] in which the sample was extracted or 0...1000
dissolved.
Only for method type = Ext. Extraction.

58 Analysis Sequences
 Wt. extracted Total weight of sample in [g] which was extracted or dissolved in 0...1000
sample the solvent.
Only for method type = Ext. Extraction.
ID 2…ID 3 The name defined here will be used as the default name for the Arbitrary
respective sample on the sample loop.
Only appears subject to the settings made for Number of IDs.
Comment You can enter a brief comment about the series. Arbitrary
Correction factor Any correction factor that can be used in calculations. 0.0001…106
Temperature The temperature in [°C] during the analysis. If temperature moni­ -20…200
toring is activated in a titration function, the system will ignore
the sample temperature given here.
You can enter the following parameters in the Start analysis dialog, depending on the type of analysis to be
started and the resources used:
Parameters Description Values
Number of sam­ Defines the number of samples to be analyzed. 1…120
ples
ID 1 The ID for the first or only sample of an analysis. Arbitrary
Sample size You can enter the sample size here. 0…1000 [g] | [mL]
For fixed entry types, this field only appears as an info field. 0…106 [pcs.]
● All the parameters that can be edited in the Start analysis dialog or the sample data dialog will overwrite
the settings defined in the method for the same parameters.
● All non-editable parameters that are displayed as an info field are only shown for orientation purposes and
list the settings from the method.
● If the sample size must be entered before the analysis but the user does not do so, the user will be required
to enter it immediately before the start of the analysis.

See also
● Sample (KF)  (page 46)

9.2    Analysis sequence steps

9.2.1   KF Analysis sequence

The following describes the sample analysis sequence for a Karl Fischer titration using the "KF stand" and
"Stromboli" titration stands.
When a KF method is started, the system first performs a pretitration.
The pretitration always takes place to ensure that the Karl Fischer reagent is in a water-free state.
When a particular drift value is reached, the system switches to Standby mode (see "Function description", the
user interface Online dialog"). Standby mode is used to stabilize the potential as much as possible around the
end point.
The system switches automatically between Pretitration and Standby. The determined drift value is used as the
criterion for switching between the different modes. If the pretitration is not finished, the system issues a mes­
sage after 30 minutes informing you that the pretitration cannot be completed because the drift values are too
high. You can then end the pretitration, thus terminating the method or series, or restart the pretitration.
On the other hand, if the system switches from Standby to Pretitration during a parameter request, or if the max­
imum start drift is exceeded, you can end data entry and save the data by choosing OK.
You can start an analysis from Standby mode.Once the analysis has finished, the KF method returns to Stand­
by mode. You have the option to start another sample analysis. A series analysis can be subsequently expand­
ed, i.e., you can start a series with a defined number of samples, but whether further samples in the current
series are to be started remains open ("Open Series", see method function: End of sample. Once the loop is
complete or Terminate series is selected, the analysis returns to Standby mode. If the "Open series" parameter
is not set, the series is automatically ended after the final sample.
The start of a new KF method or a spontaneous concentration or blank determination automatically terminates
the current series.

<Start>

Analysis Sequences 59
 Dialog: Analysis start This dialog can be switched off for a start using the "Shortcut
parameters" dialog and the "Immediate start" parameter when
creating or managing a shortcut.

<Start>

Check: Resources Can be switched off with the "Display required resources at start"
parameter in the analysis sequence settings. (An error message
will appear if the resources have already been allocated or are
missing.)

<OK>

Online dialog: Pretitration Selection of function options: Stop method, Samples (for chang­
ing samples and series data), End series, Save series data,
Results, Axes,
(see " Description of Functions > User
Interface > Online Dialog").
Automatic switch between Pretitration and Standby.

Online dialog: Standby Selection of function options: Start sample, Start concentration,
Start blank (for external extraction, Samples (for changing sam­
ples and series data), Start drift determination, End series,
Stop method, Save series data, Results*, Axes,Sample size
calculation
(see " Description of Functions > User
Interface > Online Dialog ").

<Start Sample> | <Start Concentration> | If the maximum number of samples, concentration determina­
<Start Blank> tions, and blank determinations has been reached and a mea­
surement has been started, a message appears informing you
that a new series can be started.
From the start of the first sample analysis in a predefined series
to the processing of the last sample in the series, the concentra­
tion and blank determination functions cannot be selected in the
"Standby" dialog.
If the voltage value of the measuring sensor is too low at the start
of a sample, concentration, drift, or blank determination, when
the user presses Start, they are informed that the system is over­
titrated.

<OK>

Online dialog: Mix time Displays the time remaining and stirrer speed.

60 Analysis Sequences
 Online dialog: Titration (KF Vol) You have the following options during an analysis: Cancel the
sample, concentration, drift, blank determination or the method,
you can modify sample data, view results or measured values,
save a series, or specify the axes of the measurement diagram.

Online dialog: Calculation

Online dialog: Standby

*DuringStandby or Pretitration mode, you can access the results of the current determination type (sample,
concentration, blank determination). Here you can perform the following actions (see "Results"):
● Recalculate (can only be changed for individual samples, and not for a whole loop)1
● Exclude samples1
● Perform outlier test1
● Results
● Display statistics
● Undo changes
1For titrations using the "Stromboli" oven sample changer, these functions are only available at the start of the
series or in Standby mode and with Analysis start "manual".
Drift determination
There are several different ways to determine the drift:
1. Using the "Drift determination" method function. Here you can enter the duration of determination. The
method function can be inserted outside the loop (in determination per series) or inside the loop (in deter­
mination per sample) (only for KF methods of the type "Stromboli").
2. Spontaneous drift determinations: The drift can be determined from Standby mode of any KF method. The
drift determined here is used if the "Source for drift" parameter in the "Titration stand" method function is set
to "Setup".
3. Online drift determination: The drift that is constantly determined during standby operation is the current and
correct drift value which is used in the calculations. To enable this, the "Source for drift" parameter in the
"Titration stand" method function must be set to "Online" (see "Method functions: Titration stand").
Concentration determination
The concentration determination of the titrant can only be started spontaneously, and hence only from "Stand­
by" mode.
When a concentration determination is started, as with a sample determination, this opens an "Open series".
After every determination, the mean value of the open concentration determination series is assigned to the
titrant in Setup. The open concentration determination series is ended by the start of a sample and blank deter­
mination (and vice versa). In general, the open series can be terminated by choosing End series, Stop
method, or Reset. A spontaneous drift determination, however, does not terminate the series.

9.2.1.1   Series analyses with the "Stromboli" oven sample changer

Before starting a Stromboli method, the pump must be switched on and the set temperature specified. Every
Stromboli method begins in the Start position (beaker is in the drift position). In this position, the pretitrations,
the manual and automatic drift determinations, and the concentration determinations (only for KF Vol) are per­
formed. The pretitration already takes place during the heating process.
The heating and the pump remain active in Standby mode. When a Stromboli method is active, the set temper­
ature is controlled automatically.
After a series analysis is started via Start in the Standby dialog or because Analysis start = "automatic" is set,
the series is processed automatically. After each sample is processed, the next sample is analyzed without
prompting. To enable automatic analysis start, the following conditions must be fulfilled:

Analysis Sequences 61
 ● The set temperature must be reached.
● The online drift must be smaller than the maximum start drift.
● The system must not be overtitrated.
● The drift stability must be fulfilled.

Once the titration is complete, Standby mode is active until the end of the loop in the current sample beaker. If
the maximum start drift value is exceeded during this time, the sample changer returns to pretitration (drift posi­
tion). The analysis is then continued automatically when the maximum start drift value is reached. If the last
sample in a loop has been processed and further loops still remain, the current position (sample or drift
beaker) is maintained until the next sample is approached. The current drift is reviewed before the start of the
next sample. The following is a description of the behavior when particular actions are performed:
Analysis start
Each analysis starts in position 1, immediately after the "Drift" position.
When using Stromboli, no positions can be controlled. The sample changer always moves forward by one
position and performs an analysis or a blank determination in that position. Stromboli only returns to the "Drift"
position to perform a drift determination.
Cancel method
The method is terminated with no further action. The temperature control and the pump are switched off imme­
diately. Stromboli returns to the "Drift" position.
Before actually stopping the process, the system displays a system message asking you to confirm the termi­
nation.
Drift determination
The manual drift determination and the drift determination via method functions always take place in the "Drift"
position. After manual drift determination, the sample changer remains in this position. In contrast, with drift
determination using the method function, the sample changer moves to the next planned sample position.
Concentration determination
The manual concentration determination is performed in the drift beaker. The heating and pump remain active.
Canceling the drift determination or concentration determination
Because the drift and concentration determination is performed in the drift beaker, terminating the process has
no effect on the actions of the sample changer. The standby titration is started again.
Pressing Reset
If the Reset button is pressed while a KF analysis or manual operations are active, all Karl Fischer methods and
manual operations are terminated. For Stromboli, this means that the pumps are switched off, the titrator
returns to the resting position (via the drift beaker), and the heating is turned off. If a KF analysis (method or
sample series) is terminated, the system continues with the pending analyses from the list. The sample data for
the terminated samples or sample series (such as weigh-ins, etc.) are still saved with the results.

9.2.1.2   External extraction
For the Karl Fischer "External extraction" method type, there is no automated sample analysis. Each sample in
a series must be started individually from "Standby" mode.
If the "Open series" parameter is set (see "Method Function: End of Sample"), additional samples can be added
after a series has been processed. If "Open series" is not set, the series is completed after the specified number
of samples, and the method is stopped.
Manual blank value determination can be carried out from "Standby" mode..

9.2.1.3   Switching between determination types

You can determine statistics for sample, blank, and concentration determinations. If you switch between two
determination types during an analysis, the determination series is ended. The system displays a message.
You can then decide whether to choose Cancel to return to Standby mode, or choose OK to start the selected
determination.
When you end a determination series, the relevant results are not deleted. The results memory of this determi­
nation type is not deleted and refilled until a new determination type is started and if results are available. The
other determination types are not deleted and no new series entry is created in the results memory.

62 Analysis Sequences
 For example: If you carry out multiple blank determinations and then carry out a concentration determination,
the blank value statistics are terminated. The next time a blank determination is started, the memory for the
blank determination is deleted and filled with new blank value data.
There are no mean values for drift determinations, each determination generates a new drift value that is trans­
ferred to Setup.

9.2.1.4   Analysis records
Analysis records are the printouts specified by the user in the "Records" method function (see "Method func­
tions: Records"). When a manual drift, concentration, and blank determination is created, the system creates a
separate expression.
Printouts per series
Printouts "per series" are created if the user presses the End series button or if a series is terminated via Start
concentration or Start blank.
An open series does not count as finished until End series has been selected or a series is ended by choosing
Start concentration or Start blank. After confirming the corresponding message, the "Record" method function
can be used to print out all parts of the record defined for each series.
Printouts per sample
The printouts are created for each sample when the "Records" method function is processed.

9.2.1.5   Replacing the titrant

The reagent in the beaker can be replaced when a certain number of samples is reached, if the solvent capacity
is used up, or after a defined period of time (Intelligent Solvent Controlling). This causes a brief interruption in
the series sequence.
The titrant replacement procedure is semi-automatic, i.e. the user has to initiate the replacement.

Analysis Sequences 63
 10   Results
The Results dialog can be accessed directly from Home using the relevant button.
● In the V20, only the results of the last analysis are saved, in the V30, the results of the last two analyses
can be selected by pressing the Select series button.
● When you start a new analysis, you will lose the results from the previous analysis.
● You can view results immediately after they have been recorded (for the same determination type: sample,
concentration, or blank determination).
You can use the various buttons in the "Results" dialog to call up different functions. You can, for example,
● view all results of the last analysis (V20) or the last two individual samples or series (V30).
● add a supplementary result calculation both within the loop (for all samples in the analysis), and outside a
loop (once for the entire analysis).
● view statistics, perform an outlier test and if necessary, exclude samples from the statistics.
● perform recalculations for results in which certain raw data (e.g. sample sizes) have to be adapted retro­
spectively for a single sample or for all samples in a series.
● view and print the status and the calculated results of each individual sample.

Results are retained until new results are generated by methods. The results of the "older" of the two sample
series are replaced.
In KF methods, the End series function can be used to generate a new result entry during the execution of a
method. After the series is finished, the original sample parameters are used, i.e. the changes made in the Start
analysis dialog or later are not taken into account. A new series is entered in the results.
In Karl Fischer (KF) titrations, the results are divided into the three determination types "Sample", "Concentra­
tion", and "Blank". All options for managing results only have an effect on the determinations of one particular
determination type.
While an analysis is running, only the current determination type is available.
If a determination type ("Sample", "Blank", or "Concentration") is started for a second time, existing data are
overwritten.
All the changes performed on the saved results can be reversed with the "Undo changes" button.
Changes to results are indicated by an asterisk in the record. Example: VEQ*.

10.1   Result proposal lists for Karl Fischer titration

Predefined results for volumetric Karl Fischer titration are described below. You use the Results proposals but­
ton in the Add result dialog to open the result proposal lists.
Use the Results proposals button in the Add result dialog or in the Calculation dialog to reach the results pro­
posal lists. If a results proposal is selected from the list, the parameters are set as follows: "Results", "Result
unit", "Formula", and "Constant" parameters are automatically filled and cannot be changed (depends on titra­
tor type).
The proposal lists are filtered by method type and entry type. "Result" and "Result unit" define the formula with
the help of the entry type chosen in the "Sample KF" method function. If the entry type changes, the formula is
modified if the result type is "automatic" (if this is possible for the unit in question). If no formula exists for the
newly selected entry type, the system will detect this during method validation when the entry type is saved.
The blank value of the "Sample (KF)" method function - "Blank" subfunction - is used for the blank values of
the external extraction/solution.
The formulas listed below are result proposals.
Karl Fischer titration vol method type
Results proposal list for KF vol
Result Unit Replace "m" Formula R = Constant
according to
entry type
Consumption ml -- R = VEQ C=1
Mean con­ µl/min -- R=VEQ*1,000/TIME C=1
sumption

64 Results
Result Unit Replace "m" Formula R = Constant
according to
entry type
Titration dura­ min -- R=TIME C=1
tion
Total water µg -- R=CW C=1
content
Content mg -- R=(VEQ*CONC- C=1
µg -- TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*C C = 1,000
% g R=(VEQ*CONC- C = 0.1
ppm ml: m*d TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*C/m C = 1,000
g/kg pc: m*wp C=1
mg/g C=1
mg/ml ml C=1
g/ml g: m/d C = 0.001
mg/pc PC C=1
µg/l ml C = 1,000,000
g: m/d
µg/ml ml C = 1,000
g: m/d

Method type Stromboli KF vol

Results proposal list for Stromboli KF vol
For the "Stromboli KF vol" method type, the following results are available in addition to the "Consumption",
"Mean consumption", "Titration duration" and "Water content (total)" result types:
Result Unit Replace "m" Formula R = Constant
according to
entry type
Stromboli blank value µg -- R=(VEQ*CONC- C = 1,000
TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*C
Content blank value mg -- R=(VEQ*CONC- C=1
compensated (B in µg -- B[Blank Stromboli]/1,000- C = 1,000
µg) TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*C/m
% g R=(VEQ*CONC- C = 0.1
ppm ml: m*d B[Blank Stromboli]/1,000- C = 1,000
g/kg pc: m*wp TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*C/m C=1
mg/g C=1
mg/ml ml C=1
g/ml g: m/d C = 0.001
mg/pc PC C=1
µg/l ml C = 1,000,000
g: m/d
µg/ml ml C = 1,000
g: m/d

Ext. extraction method type / KF vol solution

Results proposal list for external dissolution / extraction
Result Unit Replace "m" Formula R = Constant
according to
entry type
External disso­ % g R=C*[(msol+mext)/mext]- C=(VEQ*CONC-
lution (B in %) ml: m*d B*msol/mext TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*0.1/m
pc: m*wp

Results 65
 Result Unit Replace "m" Formula R = Constant
according to
entry type
External disso­ ppm g R=C*[(msol+mext)/mext]- C=(VEQ*CONC-
lution (B in ml: m*d B*msol/mext TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*1,000/m
ppm) pc: m*wp
External % g R=100/(100-C)*(C*msol/mext C=(VEQ*CONC-
extraction (B in ml: m*d - TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*0.1/m
%) pc: m*wp B*msol/mext)
External ppm g R=pw(6)/[pw(6)- C=(VEQ*CONC-
extraction (B in ml: m*d C]*(C*msol/mext- TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*1,000/m
ppm) pc: m*wp B*msol/mext)

10.1.1   Internal calculations

Result Unit Replace "m" Formula R = Constant

according to entry
type
Concentration (Std. mg/ml g CONC=CONT*m/(VEQ- C=1
in mg/g) ml: m*d (DRIFT/CONC(alt))*TIME/1,000) 2)
Concentration (Std. mg/ml g: m/d CONC=CONT*m/(VEQ- C=1
in mg/ml) ml (DRIFT/CONC(alt))*TIME/1,000) 2)
Concentration (Std. mg/ml g CONC=CONT*m*10/(VEQ- C=1
in %) ml: m*d (DRIFT/CONC(alt))*TIME/1,000) 2)
Concentration (Std. mg/ml g CONC=CONT*m/(1,000*VEQ- C=1
in ppm) ml: m*d (DRIFT/CONC(alt))*TIME) 2)
Concentration (Std. mg/ml PC CONC=CONT*m/(VEQ- C=1
in mg/pc) 1) (DRIFT/CONC(alt))*TIME/1,000) 2)
1) For standard Riedel de Haën FASTrate tablets (CONT in mg/pc , m=pieces)
2)CONC(alt) refers to the Setup value current at the time of calculation.
Result Unit Replace "m" Formula R = Constant
according to entry
type
Blank % g Source for drift=Request / Online / Fixed C = 0.1
ppm ml: m*d Value: C=
R=(VEQ*CONC-TIME*DRIFT/1,000)*C/m 1,000
Source for drift=Setup:
R=(VEQ*CONC-
TIME*DRIFTV*CONC/1,000)*C/m
Result Unit Replace "m" Formula R = Constant
according to entry
type
Drift µg/min -- DRIFT=DRIFTV*CONC C=1
CW µg -- CW=VEQ*CONC*1,000 C=1

10.2   All results
You can use the All Results button to view the results of the last analysis and print them if a printer is connect­
ed to the titrator (see "Printer").
From the Results dialog, you also have the following additional options:
● New Add an additional result
● Samples View or print the results of an individual sample or exclude the entire sample
● Statistics Switch to the "Statistics" dialog

66 Results
10.3   Add result
You can use the Add result button to add a subsequent result calculation to your analysis results. To do that,
you will first have to specify whether the calculation should be run inside or outside a loop. For calculations
within a loop, the result will be added for all the samples (of the same loop) of a series. You may still be able
to select the required loop. The other parameters must be entered in accordance with the "Calculate" method
function. (See "Method Function Settings").
You can use the Calculate button to calculate the additional result and add it to your analysis results. If you are
missing raw data or raw results for the calculation and cannot calculate the result for that reason, the result
"NaN" (Not a number) will be added.
Predefined results (see "Evaluation and calculation>Formulas>Results proposal lists") for the volumetric Karl
Fischer titration, you can view the following by selecting the Results proposals button in the Add result dialog.

See also
● Result proposal lists for Karl Fischer titration  (page 64)

10.4   Statistics
For results within a sample loop, you can display and print out statistics.
● The statistics are only created if more than one sample was analyzed in the corresponding loop.
● If you selected "Statistics functionalities" = "Yes" and "Multiple determination" = "Yes" in the associated
"Calculate" method function, the system will create the statistics for the entire series and also individually for
multiple samples within the series.
The following calculated values will be displayed as statistical components:
● Mean value x of a result Rx (Mean [Rx])
● Standard deviation s
● Relative standard deviation srel
● Number of samples per loop nTOT

If a result was excluded from the statistics, all the results from that sample will always be excluded as well. The
system will then recalculate the statistics without the excluded sample and label them accordingly. If the sam­
ple's results are then put back into the statistical evaluation, the label will be removed from the statistics.
From the Statistics dialog, you also have the following additional options:
● Samples View, print, or exclude the results of an individual sample
● Results View or print all results
● Outlier test Perform a test for outliers in the statistical evaluation.

10.4.1   Outlier test
If the results of individual samples in a measurement series deviate greatly from the calculated mean value, it
may make sense to question the significance of these (few) results and treat them as "outliers".
Outliers will have the following effects on the overall result of an analysis:
● The mean value is significantly shifted higher or lower.
● The standard deviation is increased.
● The distribution of the individual values around the mean value is distorted and no longer follows a normal
distribution.
The titrator has an automatic function for identifying and labeling outliers. You can call this function from the
Statistics dialog using the "Outlier test" softkey.
You can run an outlier test if you have the results from more than three samples.
The procedure used by the titrator is the Grubbs outlier test. For this procedure, the measured value [x*] that
has the greatest deviation from the calculated mean value is analyzed.This number is used in the following
equation, together with the mean value [x] and the standard deviation [s]:

Results 67
 x* - x
PG =
s
The test variable [PG] is then compared with the corresponding value in the Grubbs table G (N, 90%), which
in turn depends on the number of measured values N:
N (number of samples) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
90 % - - 1.15 1.46 1.67 1.82 1.94 2.03 2.11 2.18
N (number of samples) 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
90 % 2.23 2.29 2.33 2.37 2.41 2.44 2.48 2.5 2.53 2.56
N (number of samples) 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
90 % 2.58 2.6 2.61 2.63 2.65 2.67 2.69 2.7 2.72 2.74
N (number of samples) 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
90 % 2.75 2.77 2.78 2.79 2.81 2.82 2.83 2.84 2.86 2.87
N (number of samples) 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
90 % 2.88 2.89 2.9 2.91 2.92 2.92 2.93 2.94 2.95 2.96
N (number of samples) 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
90 % 2.97 2.97 2.98 2.99 3 3 3.01 3.02 3.02 3.03
N (number of samples) 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
90 % 3.03 3.04 3.04 3.05 3.05 3.06 3.06 3.07 3.07 3.08
N (number of samples) 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
90 % 3.08 3.08 3.09 3.09 3.1 3.1 3.11 3.11 3.12 3.12
N (number of samples) 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
90 % 3.12 3.13 3.13 3.14 3.14 3.15 3.15 3.16 3.16 3.17
N (number of samples) 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
90 % 3.17 3.17 3.18 3.18 3.19 3.19 3.2 3.2 3.21 3.21
N (number of samples) 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
90 % 3.21 3.22 3.22 3.22 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.24 3.24
N (number of samples) 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
90 % 3.24 3.22 3.25 3.25 3.26 3.26 3.26 3.26 3.27 3.27
If the calculated test variable PG is greater than the corresponding value taken from the table, the measured val­
ue x* is identified as an outlier and marked accordingly.
After an outlier has been identified, the test is repeated with the remaining measured values (without the already
identified outlier) using the newly calculated mean value and new standard deviation. This process is repeated
continually until no further outlier can be identified.
It is then the user's responsibility to exclude any identified outliers from the statistics. After confirmation, the
entire sample is excluded and the statistics are recalculated without the identified and excluded outliers.

10.5   Recalculate

10.6   Samples
You can use the Samples button to display and print the status and calculated results for each individual sam­
ple. The same applies for a series of additional data sets that can be accessed via "Data". This will let you view
and print the sample, method and resource data for each sample and view and print the raw results and the
measured values.
You can use the Exclude button in the Results: Samples dialog to exclude individual samples from the statisti­
cal evaluation. The system will not delete the results of the samples excluded in this way but merely label them
as excluded. They will no longer be included in the statistics. Samples that have been excluded can be returned
to the statistics at any time by choosing "Include".
After a sample is excluded, all affected calculations (inside and outside of loops) are performed again. In KF
titrations, the new calculations refer only to the current determination type.

68 Results
 If you exclude a sample from a sample group in a multiple determination, no more statistics will be generated
for that group. The system will continue to create individual statistics for the remaining sample groups and for
all the remaining samples overall.

10.7   Undo changes
If you make changes to the results saved by the titrator after the analysis, you can use Undo changes to dis­
card them. Afterward, the system will reinstate the initial status directly after the conclusion of the analysis, in its
original and unchanged state.

10.8   Delete all results

You can use this button to delete all the data (raw data, raw results, and results) saved by the titrator in the
results area. The deletion only ever refers to one determination type. If the last determination type in the sample
series is deleted, the whole sample series is automatically deleted.

Results 69
 11   Analysis data
The "Analysis data" include different types of data that can be used at various times during the planning and
execution of an analysis.
The system differentiates between the following types of analysis data:
Displaying raw data Raw data is defined when you create a method or series. It is auto­
matically generated and stored during the analyses. Raw data is
always created for each analysis and cannot be influenced by the
user.
Method data All data for the method run.
Series data All data from the series run, such as e.g. the series ID and the num­
ber of samples.
Sample data All data from the analyzed samples, such as e.g. the sample size,
sample density and sample ID.
Resource data The data for all resources used during the execution of an analysis
(e.g., concentration standards, blank value, homogenizer name, titra­
tion stand). The data for a resource are copied from the setup at the
time when it is used in an analysis.
Table of measured values Tables of measured values are created by some method functions
during an analysis and can be output in the record.
Raw results Raw results are data determined by the titrator during an analysis,
e.g. the drift value or titrant consumption.
The raw results can be converted to the actual analysis results as a
part of the "Calculation" method function using suitable symbols and
formulas.
Some raw results are always created automatically, while others are
only generated if used during a calculation.
Results Results are the results of the conversions of raw results run within the
"Calculate" method function. The results of an analysis can be influ­
enced by the user.
Of these, the following can be used in calculations:
● Sample data (such as the sample size or the sample density)
● Resource data (e.g. blank value variable)
● Raw results (e.g. auxiliary value, titrant consumption)
● Results (the results of a calculation can then be used in a subsequent calculation.)

70 Analysis data
12   Evaluate and calculate
12.1   Indexing of method functions
The "KF titration" method functions return their own raw results within a method.
These raw results are saved in the titrator in the order in which the generating method functions are processed
within the method. To ensure that any time these method functions are used more than once, the raw results
can still be given a unique assignment to their individual method functions, they are divided into different
groups:
If method functions from a group are used multiple times within a method, they are given indexes (beyond the
loop limits). This group index allows unique referencing of the raw results during calculations.
If the structure of a method is changed, the group indices are automatically updated, guaranteeing the serial
numbering at all times.
● Make sure your calculations take this into consideration!
● Calculations can be used independently of the method functions that generated the results. For the results,
we suggest using the IDs R1...Rn, following the sequence of the calculations in the method.
● Multiple loops are only permitted for the Stromboli method type.
● The group index "1" can be omitted because when a group index is missing, the system automatically
assigns the group index "1".
Method function Group index Result
Title
Sample (KF)
Titration stand (Stromboli)
Mix time
Titration (KF vol) 1
Calculation R1
Calculation R2
Calculation R3
End of sample
Sample (KF)
Titration stand (Stromboli)
Mix time
Titration (KF vol) 2
Calculation R4
End of sample
Calculation R5

12.2   Naming conventions for using analysis data in calculations

Within calculations (see the "Calculate (page 52)" method function), you can use formula symbols to access
or generate certain analysis data (raw results, results, resource and sample data). These symbols consist of
basic symbols and various types of symbol extensions. The basic symbols determine the type of data and the
corresponding unit.The symbol extensions can specify the data more precisely and include an abbreviation for
the group of method functions which the data is to reference.
Note that the entry of symbols in formulas is case-sensitive.

Basic symbol Unit Possible Symbol Meaning

symbol
additions
V [mL] EQ VEQ (=V) Titrant consumed up to the end point of the
titration method function.
VPOST [mL] -- VPOST Volume of titrant for post-consumption
measurement.

Evaluate and calculate 71

 TIME [min:s] -- TIME Duration of a sample analysis from the
end of Standby until the end of the method
function Titration (KF Vol)
t [min:s] -- t Duration of a sample analysis.
E [mV] EQ EEQ Potential at the end point of the titration
method function.
EST [mV] -- EST Measured potential at the start of the titra­
tion method function.
DRIFT [µg(H2O)/min] -- DRIFT Consumption (mass) per minute for the
titration method function (water quantity
per time unit that penetrates the titration
stand).
DRIFTV [µL/min] -- DRIFTV Volume of titrant consumption per minute
for the drift determination.
CW [µg] -- CW Volume of water titrated up to EP (without
drift or blank value correction).
CWPOST [µg] -- CWPOST Titrated volume of water during a post-con­
sumption measurement (without drift or
blank value correction).
CWPOSTMean [µg/min] -- CWPOSTMean Determined quantity of titrated water per
unit of time during the post-consumption
measurement (without drift or blank value
correction).
CONC [mg/mL] -- CONC Represents the actual titrant concentration.
B Arbitrary for KF -- B[Name] A blank.
stand, e.g. [%]
and [ppm],
[µg] for Stromboli
H arbitrary -- H[Name] Auxiliary value.
m [mL] -- m The sample size.
[g]
[pcs]
[g] sol msol Solvent weight for titrations of type KF Ext.
Extr. (External extraction).
[g] EXT mext Extracted sample quantity for titrations of
type KF Ext. Extr.
d [g/mL] -- d The density of a sample or a standard.
wp [g/pcs] -- wp The weight per item (can be changed
under "Sample").
f -- -- f A correction factor (as defined in the "Sam­
ple" method function).
CONT [mg/g] -- CONT The concentration of a liquid KF standard.
[mg/mL]
[mg/pc]
[%]
[ppm]
Rx Arbitrary -- Rx A result x.
C -- -- C A constant that uniquely belongs to the
result Rx. It cannot be used in this form for
the calculations of other results.
Mean Arbitrary Rx Mean[Rx] The mean value of a result Rx.
s Arbitrary Rx s[Rx] The standard deviation of a result Rx
srel [%] Rx srel[Rx] The relative standard deviation of the result
Rx.
n -- -- n The sample number.

72 Evaluate and calculate

12.3   Formulas
Calculation formulas can be used in the "Calculate" and "Condition" method functions. Some parameters within
method functions can also be defined in the form of formulas.
Formulas within the "Calculation" method function
One typical example for a formula within the "Calculation" method function would be the expression R=VEQ in
the "Formula" parameter. In this case, the consumed volume of titrant up to the point at which the end point is
reached is assigned to R. All the symbols can be used for analysis data in relations like this. The analysis data
to be used must be generated by the method before the "Calculate" method function.
Formulas for entering values for parameters
Formulas can also be used to specify the values for some parameters. For example, you can enter the stirring
time in a "Stir" method function in the form of a formula. The result of the formula will then be copied over as a
nondimensional value in the unit of the parameter in question.
Conditions
A condition is a formula whose result comes in the form of "true" or "false". Conditions can be used in various
method functions in the "Condition" parameter or subfunction. Depending on the condition's result, the method
function in question will be executed (condition true) or not executed (condition false).
● Auxiliary values and blanks defined in the setup can generally be used in formulas in the same manner as
symbols. The general form for an auxiliary value is: H[Name] (as defined in the setup).
● Likewise, results from other "Calculation" method functions can be referenced in the "Calculation" method
function. (E.g. R3=R2+R1)
(What is important in this case is to make sure that the results used must already be in existence at the
time they are to be used!)

12.3.1   Using analysis data in formulas

All analysis data that can be accessed via a symbol can be used in calculation formulas (see "Naming Con­
ventions for Using Analysis Data in Calculations").
All analysis data must be generated in the method before the point at which they will be used in a calculation
formula. For some analysis data, this could be as checked early as during the validation in the processing of a
method. For others, whether or not the data are available at the time in question may not be decided until the
execution of the method. If the analysis data is not available at the time of the calculation, the result of the cal­
culation formula will be "NaN" ("Not a number").
The formula must be assigned to a result (Rx) in the "Formula" parameter in the "Calculate" method function.
Shortcuts
● Instead of VEQ, you can also use the relevant short form V in the formulas.
● If you leave out the group index of a symbol, Group Index 1 will be used.
Example: VEQ stands for VEQ[1]
Explanation Examples
Basic symbol and Taken together, they serve as an VEQ represents the end point of the titra­
symbol extension identifier for the analysis data. tion.
Group index Specifies which method function VEQ[3] represents the titration end point
within a method function group gen­ of the third loop of the method of type
erates the analysis data. Stromboli (model V30 only).

12.3.2   Sample formulas
Method type GT
R = QEQ*C/m (standard formula) Content of a sample or sample solution.
R = m/(VEQ*c*C) Titer determined with the standard substance or standard solu­
tion.
R = QEQ*C Content per sample.
R = QEQ Result in the form of substance quantity consumption.
R = VEQ Result in the form of volume consumption.

Evaluate and calculate 73

 R = VEQ/m Result in the form of volume consumption per weight or per vol­
ume.
R = (QENDDi-QEQ)*C/m Back titration
QENDDi: Dispensed substance quantity of the "Dispense" method
function.
QEQ: Substance quantity used until the end point or equivalence
point of a "Titration" method function.
R = (QEQ-B[Name])*C/m Solvent blank (B[Name]) referenced in the result calculation.
R = (QEQ/m-B[Name])*C Matrix blank referenced in the calculation [mmol/g].
R = EST[2] Initial potential of the second "Titration" method function.
R = pw(-E)*1000 The ion concentration in [mmol/L], measured as pX or pM with
an ion-selective electrode.
Karl Fischer Titration Vol Method Type
Consumption R = VEQ
Mean consumption R=VEQ*1000/TIME
Titration duration R=TIME
Total water content R=CW
Content R=(VEQ*CONC-TIME*DRIFT/1000)*C
R=(VEQ*CONC-TIME*DRIFT/1000)*C/m R=(VEQ*CONC-TIME*DRIFT/1000)*C/m
Ext. Extraction Method Type
External dissolution (B in the correspond­ R=C*[(msol+mext)/mext]-B*msol/mext
ing unit)

Stromboli KFVol Method Type

Consumption R = VEQ
Mean consumption R=VEQ*1000/TIME
Titration duration R=TIME
Total water content R=CW
Stromboli blank value R=(VEQ*CONC-TIME*DRIFT/1000)*C
Content blank value compensated (B in the R=(VEQ*CONC-B[Blank
corresponding unit) Stromboli]/1000-TIME*DRIFT/1000)*C/m
R=(VEQ*CONC-B[Blank Stromboli]/1000-TIME*DRIFT/1000)*C

12.3.3   Mathematical functions and operators

The following mathematical functions and operators can be used in formulas:
Functions Comparison operators
Logarithm to the base 10 lg(x) equal to =
Logarithm to the base e Ln(x) larger than >
Exponential to base 10 pw(x) or larger than or equal to >=
scientific notation
Exponential to base e ex(x) smaller than <
Square sq(x) smaller than or equal to <=
Square root sr(x) x in the range of ... < x < ...
not equal to <>
Mathematical operators Logical operators
Addition + and AND
Subtraction - or OR
Multiplication *
Division /

74 Evaluate and calculate

Logical operators are only permitted within the formulas of "Condition" subfunctions (or parameters).

Evaluate and calculate 75

 Index E
Emergency stop (reset) 11
A End of sample 54
Account policies End series 14
Defining 27 Evaluation and calculation 70
Action When Exceeding Usable 29 Exceeding Usable Life 29
Life Experts 27
Add Result 67 Expired Resources 16
All Results 66 External Extraction 62
Analysis and Resources Behav­ Analysis Sequence 62
ior F
Action When Exceeding 29
Fingerprint reader 22, 22
Life Span
Registration 22
Action When Exceeding 29
Firmware History 32
Usable Life
Formula examples
Analysis Sequence Set­ 28
Ext. extraction 65
tings
External extraction 74
Resource Behavior 28
GT 73
Analysis data
KF vol 64
Naming conventions 71
Stromboli 74
Using 73
Formulas 73
Analysis Data in Formulas 73
Analysis flow diagram 59 G
Analysis Records 63 General safety information 8
Auxiliary values 34, 51 Global settings
B Analysis and Resources 27
Behavior
Balance 18
System 25
Barcode reader 19
User Management 26
Beep 24
Blank value 51 H
Dialog 33 Hardware
Starting determination 15 Balance 18
Board data 33 Barcode reader 19
Board firmware 32 Fingerprint reader 22
Burette LevelSens 22
Manual operation 36 Network settings 21
C PC settings 21
Peripherals 18, 18
Chemicals
Printer 20
Concentration standards 17
Pumps 18
Titrants 16
Sensors 18
Concentration determination 61
Titration stands 23
Titrant 15
USB-Stick 19
Configure barcode reader 19
Hidden method functions 55
Configure USB stick 19
Homescreen 11
Configuring a balance 18
Homogenizer 24
Control
Titration KF(Vol) 50 I
D Identification, titrator 25
Import/Export, data 32
Date and time 25
Indexing of method functions 71
Determination types
Info button 11
Sample, Concentration, 64
Instruction 52
and Blank
Internal calculations 66
Switching 62
Blank determinations 66
Dispensing
Concentration determina­ 66
Manual 37
tion
Dosing rate
Control 50 K
Drift determination 14, 61 Karl Fischer stand
Drives 33

76 Index
 Setting up 23 Mix time 50
Karl Fischer titration Monitoring
Measurement principle 10 Usable life and life span 29
Keyboard layout
Define 25 N
Naming conventions for calcula­ 71
L tions
Language, setting 24 Network settings 21
Layout of terminal 11
Level sensor 22 O
LevelSens 22 Online Dialog 13
Activate 22 Open series 59
Life span 29 Operation of the touchscreen 11
Life span monitoring 30 Outlier test 67
Loops 43
P
M PC settings 21
Managing groups 27 Peripherals 18, 18
Manual operations Balance 18
Burette 36 Balances 19
Pump 37 Barcode reader 19
Sensor 35 Fingerprint reader 22
Solvent manager 37 Printer 20
Stirrer 35 USB data export 20
Mathematical functions and 74 USB stick 19
operators Polarized sensors 18
Measured Values 15 Preloaded Methods 39
Method Pretitration
Delete 41 Automatic switching 14
Start 41 Printer 20
Method editor 39 Setup 20
Method functions USB data export 20, 20
Hidden method functions 55 Printouts
Out of loop 44 Per Series 63
Overview 44 Protective clothing 9
Possible number 42 Pump
Within loop 43 Manual operations 37
Method functions, hidden Pumps, defining 18
Pretitration 55
R
Standby 55
Method functions, Parameters Record 54
Auxiliary value 51 Registration
Blank value 51 Fingerprint reader 22
Calculation 52 Reset button 11
Drift determination 46 Reset to factory settings 32
End of sample 54 Results
Instruction 52 Button, pretitration 13
Mix time 50 Deleting 69
Record 54 raw 64
Sample (KF) 46 Results proposals 67
Title 45 Rinse burette 36
Titration (KF vol) 50 Routine 27
Titration stand 49 Running tasks 12
Method ID 39 S
Method syntax 42
Safety Information
Method Templates 40
General 8
Method types 39
Protective clothing 9
Methods
Signal words 8
Creating 40
Warning Symbols 8
Modify 41
Sample (KF) 46
METTLER TOLEDO balances 19
Sample analysis 15
METTLER TOLEDO Methods 39
Sample data 14

Index 77
 Sample Results 68 Titration
Sample series Network settings 21
Sample parameters 56 PC settings 21
Sample size 14 Titration stand 49
Standby 15 Setting up 23
Screen, setting 24 Titrator identification 25
Sensor Two-component reagent 10
Polarized 36
Sensors U
Configure 18 Undo Changes 69
Series Analysis 61 Updating 33
Series data Upgrading 33
Save 14 Usable life 29
Series templates 56 Usable life and life span
Service & Maintenance Monitoring 29
Board data 33 USB compact printer 20
Board firmware 32 USB data export 20, 20
Data Import/Export 32 USB data export box 20
Drives 33 USB-Stick 19
Reset to factory settings 32 User Interface 11
Terminal 33, 34 Input Fields 12
Titrator Firmware History 32 User management
Update 33 Managing groups 27
Upgrade 33 User rights
Settings Experts 27
global 25 Routine 27
Setup menu 16 User settings
Shortcuts 12 Keyboards 25
Manage 25 Language 24
Signal words 8 Screen 24
Single-component reagent 10 Shortcuts 25
Solvent
V
Monitoring 30
Solvent manager Values
Manual operations 37 Auxiliary 34
Setup 18 Blank 33
Sorting lists 12 W
Start analysis dialog 13
Warning Symbols 8
Starting an Analysis 58
Starting analysis 59
Statistics 67
Stirrer 35
Stop analysis 15
Stop method 14
Stopping methods 42
Stromboli
Analysis Sequence 61
Stromboli TTL
Setting up 23
Symbol List 71
System settings 25
T
Tape printer 20
Tasks menu 12
Time and date 25
Title
Parameter 45
Titrant
Replacement 63
Titrant Replacement 63
Titrants 16

78 Index
 www.mt.com/titration
For more information

Mettler-Toledo AG, Analytical

CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
Tel. +41 (0)44 806 77 11
Fax +41 (0)44 806 73 50
www.mt.com

Subject to technical changes.

© Mettler-Toledo AG 11/2013
51710603C
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