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Game To Genesis

This document summarizes the processes of gametogenesis, oogenesis, and spermatogenesis. Oogenesis is the process by which female gametes (eggs) are produced in the ovaries through five stages, beginning before birth and resulting in a single haploid egg cell each month. Spermatogenesis is the process by which male gametes (sperm) are produced in the testes through three stages beginning at puberty, resulting in four haploid sperm from each stem cell. Both processes involve cell division and differentiation through meiosis to produce mature haploid gametes from precursor cells.

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Serge Jacobe
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29 views

Game To Genesis

This document summarizes the processes of gametogenesis, oogenesis, and spermatogenesis. Oogenesis is the process by which female gametes (eggs) are produced in the ovaries through five stages, beginning before birth and resulting in a single haploid egg cell each month. Spermatogenesis is the process by which male gametes (sperm) are produced in the testes through three stages beginning at puberty, resulting in four haploid sperm from each stem cell. Both processes involve cell division and differentiation through meiosis to produce mature haploid gametes from precursor cells.

Uploaded by

Serge Jacobe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Gametogenesis

Gametogenesis – a biological process by which diploid or haploid precursor


cells undergo cell division and differentiation to form mature haploid
gametes.

Oogenesis
Oogenesis – The process by which female gametes are produced in the ovaries.

Quick Facts about Oogenesis


1. The process starts in the ovaries of the female fetus before birth.
2. The process comes in five stages.
3. The resulting ovum/ egg is a haploid.
4. The process includes meiosis.
5. Only one ovum/ egg is produced throughout the process.
6. The process is not continuous.

The Process
1. Oogenesis begins in the female embryo with the production of oogonia from
the primordial germ cell.
2. The oogonia divides via mitosis to form cells that begin meiosis, but stop the
process at prophase I before birth. These developmentally arrested cells,
which are primary oocytes, each reside within a small follicle, a cavity lined
with protective cells.
3. Beginning at puberty, FSH periodically stimulates a small group of follicles to
resume growth and development. Typically, only one follicle fully matures
each month, with its primary oocyte completing meiosis I. The second meiotic
division begins, but stops at metaphase.
4. The arrested cell, now called a secondary oocyte, is released at ovulation
when its follicle breaks open.
5. The secondary oocyte released in the fallopian tube remains in metaphase II
of meiosis II until the sperm cell contacts and enters the egg. Only then does
the egg cell complete meiosis II.
Ovarian Follicles

An ovarian follicle is fluid- filled structure that consists of the developing oocyte as
well as other cells involved in the maturation process.
Every month, one of these primary follicles containing a primary oocyte will develop
into a secondary follicle that contains a secondary oocyte. During ovulation, the
secondary oocyte will be released into the fallopian tube while the remainder of the
cells will develop into corpus luteum.

Spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis – The process by which male gametes are produced in the testes.

Quick Facts about Oogenesis


1. The process starts in the seminiferous tubules in the male testis with the
beginning of puberty
2. The process comes in three stages.
3. The resulting sperm is a haploid.
4. The process includes meiosis.
5. Four sperms are produced throughout the process.

The Process
1. The stem cells, called spermatogonia (singular: spermatagonium), go through
mitosis with one offspring going on to differentiate into a sperm cell, while
the other gives rise to the next generation of sperm.
2. Meiosis begins with a cell called a primary spermatocyte. At the end of the
first meiotic division, a haploid cell is produced called a secondary
spermatocyte.
3. This haploid cell must go through another meiotic cell division. The cell
produced at the end of meiosis is called a spermatid. When it reaches the
lumen of the tubule and grows a flagellum (or “tail”), it is called a sperm cell.
Four sperm result from each primary spermatocyte that goes through
meiosis.
Note: Stem cells are deposited during gestation and are present at birth through the
beginning of adolescence, but in an inactive state. During adolescence,
gonadotropic hormones from the anterior pituitary cause the activation of these
cells and the production of viable sperm. This continues into old age.

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