Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 9 (3 ) : 916 - 925 (Sep 2018) DOI: 10.5958/0975-928X.2018.00114.

X
ISSN 0975-928X

Research Article
Assessment of genetic variability in newly developed rice (Oryza sativa L.)
hybrids
Manjunath Kencharahut¹*, Y. Chandra Mohan², V. Gouri Shankar3 and M. Balram4.
1
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
2
Rice Research centre, Agriculture Research institute, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
3
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
4
Institute of Biotechnology, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
*E-Mail: [email protected]

(Received:02 May 2018; Revised:27 Aug 2018; Accepted: 27 Aug 2018)

Abstract
The knowledge of genetic variability in a given crop species for characters under improvement is important in any plant
breeding programme. Genetic parameters for yield and its correspondent characters in rice were estimated from a trial
conducted at Rice Research Centre, Agricultural Research Institute, PJTSAU, Hyderabad during Kharif, 2017. In the present
study, four Cytoplasmic Male Sterility lines, eight male lines and thirty-two hybrids and four checks were evaluated. The
analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters, indicated the presence
of enormous amount of genetic variability. High phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of
variation (GCV) was observed for number of grains per panicle (26.55, 23.16) and grain yield per plant (21.67, 21.24)
indicating that these characters could use as selection for crop improvement. High heritability coupled with high genetic gain
as percentage of mean was observed for number of grains per panicle (70.26, 41.61) and 1000 grain weight (61.9, 29.52)
which showed presence of additive gene action and thus the chances of fixing by selection will be more to improve such
traits through pure line selection in the evaluated genotypes.

Key words
Genetic advance, Genetic variability, Heritability, Hybrids, Rice.

Introduction before planning of an appropriate breeding strategy

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important cereal for genetic improvement. Genetic parameters such
crop of the world and about 75 per cent of the as genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and
people of Asia consume rice as staple food. In India phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) are
rice is cultivated in an area of 43.8 million hectares useful in detecting the amount of variability present
with the production of 111.01 million tonnes with in the germplasm (Tomar et al., 2016).
second in world rice production (Indiastat, 2016-
17). Despite the age old human concerns about The genotypic coefficient of variation does not
balancing population and food supplies, the world offer full scope to estimate the variation that is
population is expected to continue to grow, heritable or environmental and therefore,
possibly reaching 9-11 billion sometimes during estimation of heritability becomes necessary.
2030- 2050 (Shinde et al. 2015), to meet the Narrow sense heritability is more effective than
growing population we need to increase rice broad sense heritability because it considers
production through development of high yielding additive genetic variability which is heritable hence
varieties, which requires the knowledge of existing more accurate towards selection (Tiwari et al.,
genetic variability. 2011). Crop improvement depends on the
magnitude of genetic variability and the extent to
The large spectrum of genetic variability in which the desirable characters are heritable.
segregating population depends on the amount of
the genetic variability among genotypes and offer High heritability is not enough to make efficient
better scope for selection. The magnitude of selection in segregating generation, unless the
heritable variation in the traits studied has immense information is accompanied with substantial
value in understanding the potential of the amount of genetic advance. The information on
genotype for further breeding programme. heritability alone may be misleading, when used in
Assessment of variability for yield and its combination with genetic gain the utility of
heritability estimate increases (Rahman et al.,
component characters becomes absolutely essential 2014). With the above background information, the

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ISSN 0975-928X

present investigation was undertaken to study the the narrow sense was calculated according to the
genetic parameters among the 48 rice genotypes for formula given by Lush (1945).
grain yield and yield contributing traits. Genetic advance refers to the expected gain or
improvement in the next generation by selecting
Materials and Methods superior individuals under certain amount of
A field experiment was conducted with four CMS selection pressure. From the heritability estimates
lines having the WA cytoplasmic background viz., the genetic advance was estimated by the formula
CMS 23A, CMS 59A, CMS 64A and JMS 13A given by Burton (1952).
used as females and eight promising rice varieties
viz., IET-19321, IET-26227, WGL 863, IET- Results and Discussion
26106, TP-30433, JGL 20649, JGL 5614 and JGL Variability in any crop is pre-requisite for selection
21071 as males and their thirty-two hybrids of superior genotypes over the existing cultivars.
generated adopting line x tester mating design in analysis of variance for different characters is
Rabi, 2016-17 and four checks (MTU 1010 and presented in (Table-3). The treatment i.e mean sum
RNR 15048 as varietal checks, US 314 and 27-P- of squares of genotypes showed significant
63 as hybrid checks). Details of 48 genotypes differences to all 14 quantitative characters viz.,
shown in table 1 and 2. days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length,
number of productive tillers per plant, no. of grains
All the forty-eight genotypes were sown in per panicle, spikelet fertility, 1000 grain weight,
Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two hulling per cent, milling per cent, head rice
replications at Rice Research Centre, Agricultural recovery, kernel length, kernel breadth, L/B ratio
Research Institute, PJTSAU, Hyderabad during and grain yield per plant shown presence of
Kharif, 2017. A standard spacing of 30 cm x 15 cm sufficient genetic variability for these traits. This
was adopted for planting with a plot size of 1.2 m2 indicates that there is an ample scope of selection
each. Recommended packages of’ practices were in the present gene pool for yield and its
followed during the crop growth period. components. The presence of large amount of
Observations were recorded for fourteen characters variability might be due to diverse source of
viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), materials taken as well as environmental influence
panicle length (cm). number of productive tillers affecting the phenotype.
per plant, no. of grains per panicle, spikelet fertility
%, 1000 grain weight (g), hulling per cent, milling The mean values of genotypes presented in Table
per cent, head rice recovery (%), kernel length 4. The study revealed that in case of, days to 50
(mm), kernel breadth (mm), L/B ratio and grain percent flowering showed range of 74 to 109 with a
yield per plant (g). huge difference of 35 days. Among the males range
varied from 82 (JGL 20649) to 109 days (IET
Data on days to 50% flowering recorded on plot 19321), 79 (CMS 23B) to 96 days (JMS 13B) in
basis at flowering stage. Five representative plants females and 74 (CMS 23B × JGL 20649) to 97
for each genotype were randomly selected to record days (JMS13A × IET 19321) in hybrids.
observations on the quantitative characters under The plant height ranged from 89.25 cm -131.25 cm
study. Data on plant height, panicle length, number with variation of 42 cm. The plant height for males
of productive tillers per plant were recorded at ranged from 91.5 (JGL 20649) to 117.0 cm (IET
physiological maturity and number of grains per 19321), while in the females, the range was from
panicle, spikelet fertility, 100-grain weight, hulling 89.3 (CMS 23B) to 113.3 cm (CMS 59B) and 100
per cent, milling per cent, head rice recovery, (CMS23A × JGL 5614) to 131.3 cm (CMS 59A ×
kernel length, kernel breadth, L/B ratio and grain IET19321) in hybrids.
yield per plant were post-harvest estimates.
Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variance, Panicle length had variation from 22.8 (IET 26227)
heritability and genetic advance were estimated for to 29.0 cm (IET 19321) in males, 22.3 (CMS 23B)
all fourteen characters by following standard to 25.8 cm (CMS 59B) in females and 22.3
procedures. (CMS23A × IET 26227) to 31.3 cm (CMS 59A ×
JGL 20649) in hybrids.
The genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of number of productive tillers per plant ranged from
variation were calculated according to the formula 12 (CMS 64B) to 16 (JMS 13B) in females, 11
given by Falconer (1981). (WGL 823) to 20 (JGL 5614) in males and 10
Heritability in the narrow sense refers to the (JMS13A × JGL 20649) to 18 (CMS23A × JGL
proportion of additive variance to the total observed 20649) in hybrids.
variance in the total population. Heritability (h²) in
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ISSN 0975-928X

No. of grains per panicle showed enormous hybrids. The study revealed that, the presence of
variation from 138 (CMS 23B) to 296 (JMS 13A) monstrous variability in experimental material for
in females, 114 (TP 30433) to 254 (WGL 823) in all the traits, therefore simple selection was
males and 140 (CMS 23A × IET 26106) to 323 effective for these characters.
(CMS 64A × WGL 823) in hybrids.
Spikelet fertility % ranged from 61.56 to 93.59 The extent of variability present in the genotypes
with difference of 32.03 %, 78.9 (CMS 64B) to was measured in terms of genotypic coefficient of
90.2 % (JMS 13B) in females, 80.8 (JGL 20649) to variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of
93.0 % (IET 26106) in males and 61.6 (JMS 13A × variation (PCV), it is shown in Table 5.
IET 26106) to 93.6 % (JMS 13A × WGL 823) in The genotypes were highly variable for number of
hybrids. grains per panicle and grain yield per plant as
1000 grain weight ranged from 12.64 g to 26.59 g indicated by the estimates of PCV & GCV (> 20
with variation of 13.91 g, 17.71 (JMS 13B) to %) and revealed the existence of wide range of
22.22 g (CMS 59B) in females, 13.14 (WGL 823) genetic variability in the genotypes for these traits.
to 25.60 g (TP 30433) in males and 13.37 (JMS This also indicated broad genetic base and less
13A × WGL 823) to 26.59 g (CMS 23A × TP environmental influence. High GCV and PCV for
30433) in hybrids. number of grains per panicle was in accordance
Hulling per cent ranged from 75.42 % to 82.5 % with Shekawat et al. (2015) and Devi et al. (2016),
with variation of 7.08 %, 79.2 (CMS 64B) to 80.4 high GCV and PCV for grain yield per plant was in
% (JMS 13B) in females, 75.4 (WGL 823) to 81.3 accordance with Thippeswamy et al. (2016) and
% (JGL 5614, JGL 21071 and JGL 5614) in Lakshmi et al. (2017).
males,76.3 (JMS 13A × IET 26106) to 82.5 % The genotypes were moderately variable for
(JMS 13A × JGL 20649) in hybrids. number of productive tillers, 1000 grain weight,
Milling per cent ranged from 66.66 % to 75.41 % kernel length and length/breadth ratio for GCV and
with variation of 8.75%, 66.7 (JMS 13B) to 75.4 % PCV values (10.1-20 per cent). The similar results
(CMS 23B) in females, 67.9 (WGL 823) to 72.5 % of moderate variability for number of productive
(IET 19321) in males and 67.1 ((CMS 64A × TP tillers were reported by Dhurai et al. (2014),
30433) to 75.4 % (CMS 59A × IET 19321) in Shekawat et al. (2015) and Devi et al. (2016), 1000
hybrids. grain weight by Devi et al. (2016), kernel length by
Head rice recovery (%) had values from 55 % to Shekawat et al. (2015) and Devi et al. (2016) and
70.42 % with variation of 15.42 %, 55.0 % (JGL for length/breadth ratio with moderate GCV and
20649) to 67.5 % (JGL 5614) in males 58.8 (CMS PCV values reported by Dhurai et al. (2014) and
64B) to 64.5 % (CMS 23B) in females and 58.3 Devi et al. (2016), While, the genotypes were less
(CMS 23A × IET 26227) to 70.4 % (CMS 59 × TP variable for days to fifty percent flowering, plant
30433) in hybrids. height, panicle length, spikelet fertility, milling per
Genotypes exhibited variation of 2.67 mm with cent, hulling per cent, head rice recovery and kernel
range of 5.43 to 8.10 for kernel length, 5.49 (JGL breadth with low GCV & PCV values (<10). Low
5614) to 8.1 mm (JGL 20649) in males, 6.46 (CMS variability for fifty percent flowering, plant height
23B) to 7.64 mm (CMS 64B) in females and 5.43 head, rice recovery and kernel breadth observed by
(JMS 13A × JGL 20649) to 7.87 mm (CMS 59A × Rahman et al. (2014), Suresh et al. (2014) and
IET 19321 and CMS 59A × JGL 20649) in hybrids. Mohan et al. (2016), spikelet fertility by Shekawat
Kernel breadth ranged from1.63 mm to 2.59 mm et al. (2015), panicle length, milling per cent by
with difference 0.96 mm, 1.76 (JGL 20649) to 2.58 Rahman et al. (2014), Devi et al. (2016) and
mm (JGL 5614) in males, 2.03 (CMS 64B) to 2.47 Mohan et al. (2016), and low variability for hulling
mm (CMS 23B) in females and 1.78 (CMS 64A × per cent reported by Shekawat et al. (2015) and
JGL 20649) to 2.51 mm (CMS 23A × JGL 5614) in Suresh et al. (2014).
hybrids.
L/B ratio displayed from range of 2.13 to 4.62 with Heritability and genetic advance are important
variation of 2.49, 2.13 (JGL 5614) to 4.61 (JGL parameters that directly affect the response to
20649) in males, 2.62 (CMS 23B) to 3.77 (CMS selection. Heritability is a measure of genetic
64B) in females and 2.24 (CMS 23A × JGL 5614) relationship between parent and progeny has been
to 3.93 (CMS 64A × JGL 20649) in hybrids. widely using to assess the degree to which a
Grain yield per plant recorded 38.6 g variation with character may be transmitted from parent to
range 18.5 to 57.1 g, 27.35 (CMS 64B) to 31.45 g offspring. It also indicated that relative importance
(JMS 13A) in females, 23.00 (JGL 20649) to 35.20 of heritability and environment in the expression of
g (IET 26227) in males and 18.50 (JMS 13A × IET characters. The heritability is a combination with
26106) to 57.10 g (CMS 64A × IET 19321) in intensity of selection variability present i.e. the
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ISSN 0975-928X

population influences the grain to be obtained from estimation of heritability will not be of practical
selection. If heritability of a character is very high value and emphasized the concurrent use of genetic
selection would be fairly easy and effective advance along with heritability.
because characters having high heritability values In the present study, the value of genetic advance
could be improved directly through selection as as percentage of mean ranged from 2.03 to 42.96%.
they less affected by environment (Thippeswamy et High heritability coupled with high genetic gain
al., 2016). (>20%) as percentage of mean was observed for
Heritability is measure of extent of phenotypic number of grains per panicle (41.61%) and 1000
variance caused by the actions of genes. The grain weight (29.52%).
magnitude of heritability ranged from 12.42 % to
78.46 %. Heritability estimates were high (>60%) High heritability and high genetic advance for
for days to fifty percent flowering, plant height, 1000 grain weight reported by Thippeswamy et al.
panicle length, number of grains per panicle and (2016) and Mohan et al. (2016) and for number of
1000 grain weight, which showed, these traits are grains per panicle by Babu et al. (2012), Hasan et
under the control of additive genes and hence there al. (2015). The knowledge of heritability along
is a good scope for the further improvement of with genetic advance estimates provide a better
these characters through selection. High heritability picture of genetic improvement through selection.
for days to fifty percent flowering and 1000 grain Heritability is due to additive gene effects and thus
weight were reported by Rahman et al. (2014), the chances of fixing by selection will be more to
Hasan et al. (2015) and Thippeswamy et al. (2016), improve such traits through pure line selection in
plant height by Pandey et al. (2012) and Hasan et the evaluated genotypes.
al. (2015), number of grains per panicle by However, few characters like kernel length
Thippeswamy et al. (2016) and high heritability for (20.95%), length/breadth ratio (29.83%) and grain
panicle length reported by Pandey et al. (2012). yield per plant (42.96%) had moderate heritability
Moderate heritability (30-60%) was observed for with high genetic advance (>20%). Rahman et al.
kernel length, length/breadth ratio, head rice (2014) and Hasan et al. (2015) reported moderate
recovery and kernel breadth. Rahman et al. (2014) heritability and high genetic advance for kernel
and Hasan et al. (2015) were also reported length and grain yield per plant, which attributes
moderate heritability for length/breadth ratio and that genetic advance is due to additive gene action
kernel breadth. Moderate heritability for kernel and heritability was influenced by environmental
length by Pandey et al. (2012) and moderate factors thus the selection may be effective. These
heritability for head rice recovery by Hasan et al. results are in accordance with Hulling percent and
(2015) and Thippeswamy et al. (2016). Low milling percent had low heritability and low genetic
heritability (<30%) observed for number of advance (<10%). Shekawat et al. (2015) and
productive tillers, spikelet fertility, milling percent, Mohan et al. (2016) reported similar results for low
hulling percent and grain yield per plant. Low heritability coupled with low genetic advance as
heritability for number of productive tillers, hulling percent of mean for hulling percent and milling
per cent and grain yield per plant were reported by percent. Selection would be ineffective due to low
Sharma and Sharma (2007), milling per cent and expected gain or improvement in the next
grain yield per plant by Pandey et al. (2012) and generation by these traits. Therefore, priority
Hasan et al. (2015) and spikelet fertility by should be given to those traits which showed higher
Thippeswamy et al. (2016) and Rahman et al. estimates of genetic advance as percent mean while
(2014). Which implied that the environmental deciding selection strategies and selection based on
effects constitute a major portion of the total these characters may be useful in realizing better
phenotypic variation and hence, direct selection for gain by selection.
these traits will be less effective.
Based on the present results it may be concluded
Crop improvement depends on the magnitude of that high heritability coupled with high genetic
genetic variability and the extent to which the advance was recorded for number of grains per
desirable characters are heritable. High heritability panicle and 1000 grain weight indicating the major
is not enough to make efficient selection in role of additive gene action in the inheritance of
segregating generation unless the information is these characters. Thus, these characters could be
accompanied with substantial amount of genetic improved through simple selection methods. The
advance. Heritability and genetic advance, when characters showing high heritability with low
calculated together, would prove more useful in genetic advance indicated the presence of non-
predicting the resultant effect of selection on additive gene action. Hence selection could be
phenotypic expression, without genetic advance the postponed for these characters or these characters
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could be improved by intermating of superior genotypes. Indian Journal of Agricultural

genotypes of segregation population from Research. 50 (6): 609-613.
recombination breeding.
Pandey, V.R. Singh, P.K. Verma, O.P. and Pandey, P.
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Table 1. List of genotypes used for evaluation

Genotypes Source Features

CMS 23B IRRI, Philippines Maintainer line
CMS 59B IRRI, Philippines Maintainer line
CMS 64B IRRI, Philippines Maintainer line
JMS 13B RARS, Jagital Maintainer line
JGL 20649 RARS, Jagital Short duration, long slender grain
JGL 21071 RARS, Jagital Short duration, long slender grain
JGL 5614 RARS, Jagital Medium duration, medium bold grain
IET 19321 IIRR, Hyderabad Medium duration, medium bold grain, high yield
IET 26227 IIRR, Hyderabad Medium duration, long bold grain
WGL 823 RARS, Warangal Medium duration
IET 26106 IIRR, Hyderabad Mid early duration, dwarf, medium slender grain
TP 30433 IRRI, Philippines Short duration, long bold grain
RNR-15048 RRC, R’Nagar Short slender grain, short duration
MTU-1010 RARS, Maruteru Long slender grain, short duration
US-314 Private company (Seed works) Medium slender, Short duration
27-P-63 Private company (Pioneer) Medium slender, Medium duration

Table 2.List of experimental hybrids evaluated during Kharif, 2017.

Sl. No. Crosses Sl. No. Crosses

1 CMS 23A × IET 19321 17 CMS 64A × IET 19321

2 CMS 23A × IET 26227 18 CMS 64A × IET 26227
3 CMS 23A × WGL 863 19 CMS 64A × WGL 863
4 CMS 23A × IET 26106 20 CMS 64A × IET 26106
5 CMS 23A × TP 30433 21 CMS 64A × TP 30433
6 CMS 23A × JGL 20649 22 CMS 64A × JGL 20649
7 CMS 23A × JGL 5614 23 CMS 64A × JGL 5614
8 CMS 23A × JGL 21071 24 CMS 64A × JGL 21071
9 CMS 59A × IET 19321 25 JMS 13A × IET 19321
10 CMS 59A × IET 26227 26 JMS 13A × IET 26227
11 CMS 59A × WGL 863 27 JMS 13A × WGL 863
12 CMS 59A × IET 26106 28 JMS 13A × IET 26106
13 CMS 59A × TP 30433 29 JMS 13A × TP 30433
14 CMS 59A × JGL 20649 30 JMS 13A × JGL 20649
15 CMS 59A × JGL 5614 31 JMS 13A × JGL 5614
16 CMS 59A × JGL 21071 32 JMS 13A × JGL 21071

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Table 3. Analysis of variance for 14 different characters in rice

Source of
DF DFF PH PL PT GP SF GW H M HRR KL KB LBR GYP
Variation

Replications 1 4.59 32.90 1.30 1.63 1502.29 0.023 0.04 0.02 0.35 0.33 0.00001 0.000001 0.000009 5.75

Treatments 47 122.97** 184.72** 11.77** 6.95** 6165.94** 82.86** 20.74** 3.96** 7.35** 22.39** 0.98** 0.072** 0.42** 102.83**

Error 47 1.84 16.74 0.42 2.59 834.44 11.31 1.26 1.38 1.84 4.81 0.03 0.0007 0.01 1.93

*Significant at P=0.05 level **Significant at P=0.01 level

DFF= Days to fifty percent flowering PH = Plant height PL= Panicle length PT =No of productive tillers
GP = No. of grains per panicle SF = Spikelet fertility GW = 1000 grain weight H =Hulling
M = Milling HRR =Head rice recovery KL =Kernel length KB = Kernel breadth
LBR = Length/breadth ratio GYP = grain yield per plant DF = degrees of freedom

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Table 4. Mean values of genotypes for yield and yield contributing characters in rice

Parents DFF PH PL PT GP SF TW HP MP HRR KL KB LBR GYP

FEMALES
CMS 23 B 79 89.3 22.3 13 138 79.7 21.45 80.0 75.4 64.5 6.46 2.47 2.62 31.1
CMS 59 B 94 113.3 25.8 15 176 80.8 22.22 79.6 69.2 63.3 7.52 2.20 3.42 30.20
CMS 64 B 94 93.3 24.5 12 167 78.9 20.22 79.2 69.2 58.8 7.64 2.03 3.77 27.35
JMS 13 B 96 109.0 24.0 16 296 90.2 17.71 80.4 66.7 60.8 6.86 2.08 3.30 31.45
MALES
IET 19321 109 117.0 29.0 14 196 91.3 22.12 78.8 72.5 66.3 6.00 2.37 2.53 34.40
IET 26227 99 111.5 22.8 16 184 92.3 21.62 80.0 71.3 65.4 6.87 2.29 3.00 35.20
WGL 823 94 100.0 24.8 11 251 85.3 13.14 75.4 67.9 60.4 5.56 1.90 2.93 25.40
IET 26106 90 101.3 24.5 14 191 93.0 23.49 79.2 69.2 60.0 6.12 2.39 2.56 31.30
TP 30433 87 107.5 25.5 14 114 82.3 25.60 78.8 69.6 55.4 6.58 2.27 2.90 28.90
JGL 20649 82 91.5 24.8 14 183 80.8 17.59 81.3 70.0 55.0 8.10 1.76 4.61 23.00
JGL 5614 105 100.5 23.8 20 188 82.0 21.05 81.3 71.7 67.5 5.49 2.58 2.13 31.00
JGL 21071 92 108.3 26.5 14 211 92.2 18.19 81.3 70.8 62.5 6.79 1.98 3.42 31.90
Hybrids
CMS 23A × IET 19321 86 112.5 24.0 14 202 91.0 21.54 80.4 74.6 67.1 5.75 2.33 2.46 40.40
CMS 59A × IET 19321 96 131.3 29.8 16 263 86.4 24.82 80.0 75.4 69.6 7.87 2.10 3.76 36.25
CMS 64A × IET 19321 96 113.3 24.3 13 231 84.5 22.49 80.4 70.8 67.1 7.20 2.13 3.38 57.10
JMS 13A × IET 19321 97 121.0 26.8 17 233 85.4 20.82 79.6 71.3 65.3 6.21 1.99 3.12 36.40
CMS 23A × IET 26227 77 102.8 22.3 13 193 80.6 21.26 81.0 70.8 58.3 6.97 2.12 3.29 25.50
CMS 59A × IET 26227 82 118.5 24.5 14 215 81.7 22.67 80.8 70.8 61.3 6.90 2.17 3.18 28.60
CMS 64A × IET 26227 96 105.0 23.8 13 238 78.0 20.93 81.3 70.4 58.8 7.23 2.07 3.50 35.00
JMS 13A × IET 26227 97 109.8 23.8 12 279 82.4 20.11 81.7 70.4 60.8 6.91 2.17 3.19 38.50
CMS 23A × WGL 823 77 103.8 24.0 13 160 77.0 21.92 78.8 69.2 62.9 6.92 2.15 3.21 27.20
CMS 59A × WGL 823 81 107.5 23.0 14 292 90.4 18.57 79.6 70.0 61.7 6.31 2.17 2.91 35.90
CMS 64A × WGL 823 85 107.5 24.8 14 323 92.9 17.32 80.4 69.6 63.3 6.24 2.02 3.09 42.90
JMS 13A × WGL 823 97 119.3 22.5 17 281 93.6 13.37 81.8 73.0 66.4 5.89 1.97 3.00 43.15
CMS 23A × IET 26106 84 100.8 22.9 13 140 84.5 21.07 81.0 68.5 58.8 6.44 2.20 2.93 27.00
CMS 59A × IET 26106 94 106.3 26.8 13 148 88.3 24.32 80.0 70.8 68.8 7.41 2.22 3.33 30.90
CMS 64A × IET 26106 95 104.5 24.0 13 205 85.1 22.84 80.8 70.0 64.6 7.12 2.13 3.35 33.10

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ISSN 0975-928X

JMS 13A × IET 26106 93 110.5 23.8 16 194 61.6 17.70 76.3 67.9 62.5 6.68 2.32 2.88 18.50
CMS 23A × TP 30433 82 102.5 25.5 16 161 93.4 26.59 81.3 70.8 62.5 7.18 2.19 3.28 36.50
CMS 59A × TP 30433 89 114.3 24.8 15 163 91.2 26.42 81.3 73.3 70.4 6.89 2.33 2.96 37.00
CMS 64A × TP 30433 96 113.5 27.5 12 200 77.4 20.98 79.6 70.8 62.5 7.20 2.27 3.18 24.95
JMS 13A × TP 30433 90 109.0 27.0 13 206 72.1 19.21 78.8 67.1 60.4 5.50 2.26 2.43 27.85
CMS 23A × JGL 20649 86 112.5 24.0 14 202 91.0 21.54 80.4 74.6 67.1 5.75 2.33 2.46 40.40
CMS 59A × JGL 20649 96 131.3 29.8 16 263 86.4 24.82 80.0 75.4 69.6 7.87 2.10 3.76 36.25
CMS 64A × JGL 20649 96 113.3 24.3 13 231 84.5 22.49 80.4 70.8 67.1 7.20 2.13 3.38 57.10
Hybrids
JMS 13A × JGL 20649 80 105.0 28.5 10 286 87.5 19.85 82.5 70.8 62.5 5.43 1.96 2.77 29.50
CMS 23A × JGL 5614 83 100.0 26.5 18 171 76.6 23.30 82.1 70.4 66.3 5.62 2.51 2.24 39.60
CMS 59A × JGL 5614 91 107.8 24.0 13 201 84.1 23.33 77.5 69.2 63.8 7.24 2.17 3.34 25.60
CMS 64A × JGL 5614 89 105.8 22.8 13 195 83.2 26.34 79.8 71.0 64.2 7.15 2.10 3.40 28.45
JMS 13A × JGL 5614 90 103.5 22.5 15 320 82.0 18.99 82.1 72.9 65.8 5.59 2.38 2.35 46.90
CMS 23A × JGL 21071 80 120.3 29.5 13 229 79.9 19.33 80.0 69.6 60.4 6.21 2.28 2.72 33.80
CMS 59A × JGL 21071 85 127.5 29.0 16 254 83.2 20.06 80.4 70.0 61.3 6.66 2.16 3.08 37.55
CMS 64A × JGL 21071 89 126.8 28.8 13 265 87.3 20.20 80.4 71.3 63.8 5.79 2.20 2.63 40.15
JMS 13A × JGL 21071 91 130.0 27.0 14 290 88.9 17.90 82.3 73.3 65.1 5.58 1.94 2.88 40.50
Range Lowest 74 89.3 21.5 10 114 61.6 12.68 75.4 66.7 55.0 5.43 1.63 2.13 18.50
Range Highest 109 131.3 31.3 20 323 93.6 26.60 82.5 75.4 70.4 8.10 2.59 4.62 57.10
DFF = Days to 50% flowering PH = Plant height (cm) PL = Panicle length (cm) PT = No of productive tillers per plant
GP = No. of grains per panicle SF = Spikelet fertility (%) TW = 1000 grain weight (g) HP = Hulling percent
MP = Milling percent HRR = Head rice recovery (%) KL = Kernel length (mm) KB = Kernel breadth (mm)
LBR = Kernel length breadth ratio GYP = grain yield per plant (g)

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ISSN 0975-928X

Table 5. Variability, heritability and genetic advance as percent mean.

Coefficient of variation Genetic advance

Heritability (%)
Character Range lowest Range highest Range variation as percent mean
(Narrow sense)
Genotypic Phenotypic at 5%
Days to 50% flowering 74 109 35 8.71 8.84 78.46 17.67
Plant height (cm) 89.25 131.25 42 8.32 9.11 74.79 15.65
Panicle length (cm) 21.5 31.25 9.75 9.36 9.7 61.30 18.61
Number of productive tillers 10 19 9 10.53 15.57 12.52 14.67
Number of grains per panicle 114 322 208 23.16 26.55 70.26 41.61
Spikelet fertility (%) 61.56 93.59 32.03 7.03 8.07 20.45 12.63
1000 grain weight (gm) 12.68 26.59 13.91 15.23 16.18 61.90 29.52
Hulling (%) 75.42 82.50 7.08 1.42 2.04 3.71 2.03
Milling (%) 66.66 75.41 8.75 2.34 3.02 12.65 3.74
Head rice recovery (%) 55.00 70.42 15.42 4.73 5.85 34.84 7.87
Kernel length (mm) 5.43 8.10 2.67 10.50 10.83 57.25 20.95
Kernel breadth (mm) 1.63 2.59 0.96 8.83 8.89 51.53 17.99
Length/Breadth ratio 2.13 4.62 2.49 14.82 15.17 48.66 29.83
Grain yield per plant (g) 18.5 57.1 38.6 21.24 21.67 20.95 42.96

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