RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY AND Posterior – towards the back

PHYSIOLOGY c. Cephalad – towards the head

Caudad – towards the tail
I. CELL d. Medial – nearest to midline; anything
(2) main parts: that is going inside
A. Nucleus - karyoplasm Lateral – farthest from midline;
B. Cytoplasm – out
anthing that is going outside
Organelles:
e. Proximal – nearest to the point of
1. Mitochondria - powerhouse
2. Golgi Apparatus - carbohydrates attachment; origin of the structure
3. Endoplasmic Reticulum - fats Distal – away from the point of
4. Lysosomes attachment/origin
5. Ribosomes - protein f. Superficial – towards the surface of
6. Centrioles the body.
Mitosis – cell division Deep – away from the surface of the
(4) Phases of Mitosis: body
1. Prophase g. Visceral – covers the organ within
2. Metaphase cavities
3. Anaphase Parietal – lines the wall of the
4. Telophase cavities.
Interphase – stable cell
h. Frontal (Ventral) – front area
- cell is not dividing
Dorsal – back area
II. TISSUES PLANES
A. Epithelial Tissue
1. skin a. Midsagittal Plane – divides body into
2. accessory glands equal Left & Right parts
B. Connective Tissue b. Sagittal Plane – divides body into
1. bone Left & Right
2. cartilage c. Transverse Plane – divides body
3. adipose tissue / fat into upper & lower/superior &
C. Muscular Tissue
inferior; cross-sectional; horizontal;
1. smooth muscle
2. skeletal muscle d. Coronal (Frontal) Plane – divides
3. cardiac – special body or part into anterior &
D. Nervous Tissue posterior/ventral or dorsal
e. Oblique – passes through the body
III. ORGAN on oblique; lies between the
horizontal and vertical plane
IV. SYSTEMS
1. Integumentary BODY CAVITIES – spaces with organs
skin - largest integumentary a. Dorsal
2. Skeletal - support
1. Cranial/Calvaria Cavity – formed
3. Muscular - movement
by cranial bones; protects the
4. Nervous
5. Circulatory - cardiovascular brain
6. Respiratory – exchange of gases 2. Vertebral/Spinal Cavity – formed
7.Digestive – absorption of by bones of vertebral column
substances b. Ventral
8. Urinary – removes waste product 1. Thoracic Cavity – ribs
urine – waste product –muscle of chest
9. Lymphatic – sternum
10. Reproductive – vertebral column
11. Endocrine Pleural Cavity – lungs
a.Pituitary Gland Pericardial Cavity – space that
b. Thyroid Gland surrounds the heart
c. Parathyroid Gland
2. Abdominal Cavity
d. Adrenal Gland
3. Oral Cavity
DIRECTION – refers to location 4. Nasal Cavity
5. Orbital Cavity
a. Superior- toward the head; 6. Middle Ear Cavity
uppermost or above/upper part of a 7. Synovial Cavity
structure.
Inferior – away from the head;
lowermost or below/lower part of the
structure.
b. Anterior – towards the front
Anatomy – study of structure 17. Xiphisternal junction – Joint of the
Physiology – study of functions body of the sternum to the xiphoid
process
SURFACE ANATOMY 18. Costal margin – last ribs
19. Clavicle – collar bone
1. Vertex – highest point of skull
20. Nipple – in the breast
2. Nasion – depression at the root of
21. Areola – surrounds the nipple
the nose.
22. Axilla – armpit
3. Inion – posterior surface of occipital
23. Vertebra prominens – spinous
bone felt at the base of head site
process of C7
4. Anterior fontanel – bordered by
24. Nape – back of the neck
frontal & parietal bone; closes at 18
25. Scapula – shoulder blade
months
26. Iliac crest –
5. Posterior fontanel – lies between
27. Humerus – connects with scapula.
squamous part of occipital bone &
 Glenoid fossa – holds humerus
posterior borders of the two parietal
 Shoulder joint – between
bones
humerus & scapula
 Antecubital fossa – elbow joint;
front of elbow
28. Pelvis – hip bone
 Ilium
 Pubis
 Ischium
Acetabulum – hip joint; connects
with femur, holds the femur
29. Femur – thigh bone
30. Patella – kneecap
Popliteal fossa – back of the knee
31. Tibia (Shin bone) & Fibula (Calf
bone)
– Lower leg
32. Malleolus – ankle
33. Buttocks (ass) – back of the hip
34. Anus – have muscles
35. Epicondyle – distal to humerus
36. Condyle – distal to femur
6. Supercilliary ridges – prominent
ridges on the frontal bone above the *HOMEOSTASIS – tendency of a body to
upper margins of the orbits; located maintain stable balanced internal
in frontal bone, above the orbits environment by adjusting its physiological
7. Mastoid Process – projects balance.
downward and forward from behind
BODY HABITUS
the ear; temporal bone
8. Auricle/Pinna/Earlobe –  Sthenic – average; strong, active
9. Tragus –  Hyposthenic – thin but healthy
10. Parietal Eminence – lateral surface  Hypersthenic – overweight
of the skull approx. 2” above the  Asthenic – small, frail
ears.
11. Zygomatic bone – cheek bone
12. Pterion – junction of sphenoid &
parietal bone; point where greater
RA LA
wing (Bat wing of sphenoid meets
anteroposterior of the parietal bone.
13. Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) –
joint in front of tragus
14. Orbit – formed by zygomatic bone,
maxillary bone, frontal bone
15. Cricoid cartilage – Adam’s apple
16. Suprasternal notch Anterior triangle of the neck – front of the
neck
Structures shown:
 Mandible HUMAN SKELETON (206 bones)
 Sternocleidomastoid A. Axial bones – 80
 Midsternal B. Appendicular – 126

Posterior triangle of the neck – lateral A. Axial

cervical region. Structures shown: 1. Facial bones
 Sternocleidomastoid  Maxilla
 Trapezius  Mandible
 Clavicle  Zygomatic
2. Cranial bones
MUSCULOSKELETAL  Frontal
Contents:  Occipital
1. Muscle  Parietal
2. Tendon  Temporal
3. Ligaments 3. Hyoid bone
4. Bones 4. Vertebra
5. Cartilage 5. Ribs
6. Joints 6. Sternum
7. Bursae (sing. Bursa)
B. Appendicular
Tendon – connects muscle to bone; fibrous 1. Clavicle
connective tissue 2. Scapula
3. Pelvic bone
Ligaments – connects articular extremities 4. Humerus to phalanges
of bones; bone to bone; fibrous band of 5. Femur to phalanges
tissue
Origin – primary source; point where the Long bone
muscle attaches to the stationary or less 3 portions:
movable bone;  Diaphysis - shaft
– Usually proximal  Epiphysis - ends
 Metaphysis – growth plate
Insertion – point or manner of attachment of
a muscle to the more movable bone BONE CLASSIFICATION BY SHAPE
– Usually distal ends 1. Long bone
MOVEMENTS AT A JOINT  Humerus
 Femur
Protraction – moving forward (i.e. jaw, head)  Radius
Retraction – moving backward (i.e. jaw,  Ulna
head)  Tibia
Abduction – to move away from the midline  Fibula
Adduction – towards the midline 2. Short
 Carpals
Extension (straightening) – to increase the  Tarsals
angle of the joint 3. Flat
Flexion (bending) – to decrease the angle of  Scapula
a joint  Ribs
Circumduction – moving in a circular motion  Sternum
 Skull
Supination – turn the palm up 4. Irregular bone
Pronation – to turn the palm down  Vertebra
 Mandible
Internal Rotation – turning a body part
 Facial bones
toward the midline of the body
 Pelvis
External Rotation – rotation of body part
 Sesamoid
towards the outside or away from the
median plane – Patella – biggest
Stapes – smallest bone
Eversion – plantar surface of foot faces
laterally
Inversion – plantar surface of foot faces
medially
BONE FUNCTIONS
1. Protection BURSA – small synovial fluid sac
2. Support – located around the joints
3. Attachment
4. For levers BONE MARKINGS
5. Hematopoiesis – formation of blood  Serves as attachment to muscle and
cells in bone marrow ligament
 Yellow – new
 Red – old bloods cells 1. Tuberosity – large, rounded
6. Storage of minerals projection (e.g. femur)
 Calcium 2. Crest – narrow ridge of bone
 Phosphorus 3. Line - narrow ridge of bone lies
prominent than the crest
BLOOD SUPPLY 4. Trochanter – very large, blunt
1. Haversian canal irregularly shape process (e.g.
2. Volkmann’s canal femur)
5. Tubercle – small rounded projection
Cartilage – dense connective tissue 6. Epicondyle – raised area on or
– strong gel-like substance above a condyle (e.g. humerus)
– no blood supply 7. Spine – sharp, slender, often pointed
– no nerve supply projection (e.g. spinous process of
Function: absorbs shock vertebra)
8. Head – body expansion carried on a
Types of cartilage narrow neck
1. Hyaline – most common type 9. Facet – smooth nearly flat articular
2. Fibrous surface (e.g. spinal vertebra)
3. Elastic 10. Condyle – rounded articular
projection
JOINTS (ARTICULATION) 11. Ramus/rami – arm-like bar of bone
(e.g. mandible, pubis)
2 Classification 12. Depression & openings – contains
I. Functional blood vessel and nerves
1. Synarthroses – immovable (e.g. 13. Meatus – canal-like passage way
sutures in skull) 14. Sinus – cavity within bone filled and
2. Amphiarthroses – slightly lined with mucous membrane
movable 15. Fossa – shallow basin-like
3. Diarthroses – freely immovable depression in a bone
(e.g. shoulder, knee) Function: articular surface
16. Groove –furrow
II. Structural 17. Fissure – narrow slit-like opening
1. Fibrous - immovable 18. Foramen – round or oval opening
2. Cartilaginous – slightly through a bone (e.g. foramen
immovable magnum of skull)
3. Synovial – freely movable
1. Fibrous e.g. *Angles – portion of ribs
 Sutures – junction of posterior and anterior
 Syndesmosis – located in ribs
radius ulna joint *Acetabulum – Ischium
 Gomphosis – teeth *Pelvic bone – hip bone
2. Cartilaginous
 Synchondrosis
 Symphysis – ex. pubis, menti
3. Synovial joint

DIVISIONS OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS

1. Gliding – carpals, metacarpals
2. Hinge – elbow, knee
3. Pivotal – radius, ulna
4. Condylar – phalanges
5. Saddle – thumb
6. Ball & socket – shoulder
Glenoid fossa – in scapula
Acetabulum – in pelvic
HUMAN SKELETON MIDTERM
Adult Skeleton – 206 bones GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
I. Axial Skeleton – 80 bones (GIT)
A. Skull – 29 bones
a. Cranium – protects Digestion – process of breaking down large
the brain molecules of food into small soluble
 Parietal – 2 molecules that can be absorbed and used
 Temporal – 2 by cells.
 Frontal – 1
 Ethmoid – 1 2 TYPES OF DIGESTION
 Sphenoid – 1
1. Chemical Digestion – uses enzymes
 Occipital 1 2. Mechanical Digestion
B. Face a. Chewing
a. Maxillary – 2 b. Peristalsis – movement of
b. Zygomatic/mallar – 2 bowels
c. Lacrimal – 2 c. Churning
d. Nasal – 2
e. Inferior nasal concha – 2 Digestive Tract (Alimentary canal)
f. Palatine – 2  Length: 9 meters
g. Mandible – 1
h. Vomer – 1 Parts:
i. Hyoid bone – 1 1. Mouth
j. Ossicles of the ear 2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
 Incus (anvil) – 2
4. Stomach
 Malleus (hammer) 5. Small Intestine
–2 6. Large Intestine
 Stapes (stirrup) 7. Rectum
–2 8. Anal Canal
C. Vertebral Column 9. Anus
a. Cervical – 7
b. Thoracic – 12 Accessory Structures in GIT
c. Lumbar – 5 1. Teeth
d. Sacral – 5 used to 1 2. Lips/Labia
e. Coccyx – 1 3. Tongue
4. Cheeks
D. Thorax – 25 bones
5. Salivary glands
a. Ribs – 24 6. Liver
b. Sternum – 1 7. Pancreas
8. Gall Bladder
II. Appendicular
A. Upper Extremities – 64 Layers of the Walll
a. Shoulder/Pectoral Girdle – 4 1. Serosa – outemost layer
b. Clavicle – 2 2. Muscularis Externa
c. Scapula – 2 3. Submucosa
d. Arms – 2 4. Mucosa – innermost layer; inner
e. Forearm – 2 ulna lining
– 2 radius
Mouth (Oral Cavity/ Buccal Cavity)
f. Wrist – 16 carpals
1. Lips – anterior border
g. Hands – 10 metacarpals
2. Cheeks – lateral border
– 28 phalanges 3. Palate – roof of mouth
4. Tongue – floor of mouth
C. Lower Extremities – 62
h. Pelvic girdle – 2 Vulva – finger-like projection in the soft
i. Thigh – 2 femur palate
– 2 patella Frenulum – fold of mucous membrane
j. Leg – 2 tibia under the tongue; holds the tongue
– 2 fibula
k. Ankle – 14 tarsals Tonsils – posterior part of mouth; part of
l. Foot – metatarsals – 10 lymphatic system
– phalanges – 28
Pharynx – from base of skull to esophagus
– Propels food to esophagus
Functions of pharynx: Large Intestine (Colon) – extends from
1. For air passage ileocecal junction and terminates in the
2. For food passage anus.

Esophagus – muscular tube from pharynx Main fN: Absorption of water

– From mouth to stomach – Elimination of waste products
 Length: 25 cm
– Secretion of mucus
 Location: in front of spine; behind
trachea
Parts:
Stomach – J-shape 1. Cecum – proximal end; contains
- Capacity: 1.5 L appendix
2. Ascending colon
Fns: 3. Hepatic flexure/right colic
1. Temporary storage of food 4. Transverse colon
2. Begins digestion 5. Splenic flexure/left colic
3. Produces chyme (semifluid 6. Descending colon
substance) 7. Sigmoid colon – S-shape
8. Rectum
Parts of Stomach 9. Anus
1. Cardia
2. Fundus
3. Body
4. Lesser Curvature – medial border
5. Greater curvature – lateral border
6. Pylorus

Rugae/Rugal folds – inner folds/mucosa of

stomach

Haustra – pouch-like sacs

Taenia coli – fibrous band in LI

Small Intestine – longest part of GIT

Main function: Absorbs nutrients

– Complete digestion
– Secretion of hormones

Parts: GIT Innervation – supply nerves of body

1. Duodenum – C-shape part
– more on the Epigastric 1. Parasympathetic – increases
– length: 25cm – shortest peristalsis
(Duodenal Bulb) 2. Symphathetic – decreases
2. Jejunum – 2.5m peristalsis
– more on left
3. Ileum – more on right ACCESSORY ORGANS IN GIT
– Length: 3.5m 1. Pancreas (LUQ) – produces enymes
2 functions:
Plicae Cicularis – circular folds of the  Exocrine – enymes
mucosa and submucosa; can be seen when  Endocrine – insulin &
dilated glucagon

Peyer’s patches – collection of lymphatic

tissue
 3 Parts of Pancreas URINARY SYSTEM
 Head – w/in C-loop of (EXCRETORY SYSTEM)
Duodenum
 Body
Fn: removal of metabolic waste from the
 Tail body
2. Liver – largest gland/internal organ
in the body PARTS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM
Main fN: produce Bile 1. Kidneys (2) – removes waste
substances from the blood
4 lobules – functional unit of liver 2. Ureters (2) – transports urine from
a. Right the kidneys
b. Left 3. Urinary bladder – storage for urine
c. Caudate 4. Urethra – external opening of the
d. Quadrate urinary bladder

Kidneys – bean shape

Biliary Tree – collects bile
– Location: sides of spine;
Gall Bladder – stores bile retroperitoneal
Bile – for breakdown of fat; yellowish – Level of T12 to L3
green
Nephron – functional unit of kidney
3. Salivary gland – lubricant
 Parotid Borders of the Kidneys
 Sublingual 1. Medial concave
 Submandibular 2. Lateral convex

4. Teeth Content of Medial concave

 Incisors – front; for cutting – Hilum
 Canine – tearing
 Premolars – grinding Content of Hilum
 Molars 1. Renal artery
2. Renal vein
 Wisdom tooth
3. Renal nerves
4. Ureter
6 PROCESSES IN GIT
1. Ingestion
3 Layers of Kidney Covering
2. Propulsion
1. Gerota’s capsule – renal fascia
a. Swallowing
2. Adipose capsule – middle
b. Peristalsis
3. Renal capsule – innermost
3. Mechanical digestion
4. Chemical Digestion
Regions of the Kidney
5. Absorption
1. Cortex – outermost
6. Defecation
2. Medulla
3. Pelvis – innermost
Air – to see form of Large intestine
BaSO4 – CM used for GIT
Parts of the Renal Cortex
Feathery white pattern – appearance of the
1. Cortical region
BaSO4 filled Intestine
2. Juxta medullary

Parts of the Renal medulla

1. Renal pyramids
2. Papilla

Parts of the Renal pelvis

1. Major calyces
2. Minor calyces

Calyces – cup-shaped

Blood supply of Kidney

1. Renal artery
2. Renal vein
Components of the nephron NOSE
1. Tubular  Nasal bones
a. Bowman’s capsule  Nostril – external opening of nose or
b. Proximal convoluted tubule nares
c. Loop of Henle Inside nasal cavity:
d. Distal convoluted tubule
2. Muscular Component  Nasal septum – midline of nasal
a. Glomerolus cavity
b. Capillaries Bones in the nasal cavity
1. Ethmoid
3 PROCESSES OF URINE FORMATION 2. Maxillary
1. Filtration 3. Inferior conchae
2. Reabsorption
3. Secretion Vibrissae – hair in the nose

HORMONES IN URINARY SYSTEM Paranasal sinuses- lined sacs that opens in

1. Aldosterone the nasal cavity
2. Angiotensin 1
1. Frontal
3. Angiotensin 2
2. Maxillary
4. Renin
5. Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH) 3. Ethmoid
- prevents urination 4. Sphenoid
6. Erythropoietin – produces RBC
PHARYNX – throat
1,000-1,500 mL/day 3 Parts/Divisions:
– Daily Urine Output (UO) 1. Nasopharynx – from nasal cavity to
soft palate
Ureters – tube-like; located @ sides of spine 2. Oropharynx – from soft palate to
Urinary Bladder – located @ pelvic cavity hyoid bone
 300-400 mL – bladder capacity 3. Laryngopharynx/Hypopharynx – the
 Trigone – floor of urinary bladder laryngeal part
Urethra
 Female urethra is shorter than the Glottis – opening into the larynx
male (4cm)
 3 portions of male urethra (12cm)
LARYNX – voice box
1. Prostatic
2. Membranous – shortest – Air passage from the pharynx to
portion the rest of the respiratory tract
3. Cavernous/Spongy/
Penile – cave CARTILAGES IN THE LARYNX
1. Thyroid Cartilage – adam’s apple
2 TERMS FOR URINATING 2. Cricoid cartilage
1. Micturition 3. Epiglottis - flap of cartilage that
2. Voiding covers the trachea during
3. swallowing

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TRACHEA – wind pipe

– open tube from base of larynx to
Main fn: Exchange of gases top of lungs
1. Carbon Dioxide Carina – Tracheal Bifurcation
2. Oxygen - separate right and left trachea
- ridge shape structure at the level of
3 TYPES OF RESPIRATION T6 – T7
1. Cellular
2. External 1. Trachea
3. Internal 2. R Main Bronchus
3. L Main Bronchus
Parts OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
4. R Secondary Bronchi (3)
1. Nose
5. L Secondary Bronchi (2)
2. Pharynx
Tertiary Bronchi/Lung Segments
3. Larynx
Bronchioles
4. Trachea
Alveoli – functional unit of lungs
5. Bronchi
6. Bronchioles
Apex – uppermost portion of lungs
7. Lungs
Base – lower portion of lungs; dome-shape
2 RESPIRATION
 1. Inspiration REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
2. Expiration
Reproduction – process of producing a new
Diaphragm – main muscle of respiration human being
Parental Sex cells
RESPIRATORY CENTER OF THE BRAIN
1. Medulla oblongata 1. Egg (Ovum/Ova)
2. Pons 2. Sperm

Fissures – divides the lobes of lungs

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Hilum – attachment of lungs and thoracic Fn: Produces sperm and deliver to the
cavity vagina

Mediastinum – cavity between the lungs

Parts:
1. Testes
Frontal View
2. Accessory glands
1. Apices
3. Accessory ducts
2. Base
4. Penis
3. Hilum
4. Heart Gonad – male reproductive organs
5. R Costophrenic Angle
6. L Costophrenic Angle Testes (Testicle) – locations:
7. R Cardiophrenic Angle 1. Below kidneys – during fetal
8. L Cardiophrenic Angle development
9. Mediastinum 2. Abdoment to Inguinal canal – 3rd
fetal month
Lateral View
3. Inguinal canal – 7th fetal month
1. Posterior Sinus 4. Scrotum – before/after birth
2. Anterior Sinus
Scrotum – external sac of skin that hangs
between the thighs
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Testes – oval-shape
 size: 4.5 cm x 2.5 cm
 Tunica Albuginea – covering
Flow of Blood
Unoxygenated blood Parts of Tunica Albuginea
1. Superior Vena Cava 1. Tunica Vasculosa
2. Inferior Vena Cava 2. Tunica Vaginalis – lining of the
3. Right Atrium cavity
4. Tricuspid valve
5. Right Ventricle Seminiferous Tubules – contained in each
6. Pulmonary valve testis; 800 tubules – produces sperm in
7. Pulmonary artery testes
8. Lungs
Leydig cells – secrete the male sex
Oxygenated Blood hormone
9. Pulmonary vein
10. Left Atrium Sperm (Spermatozoa)
11. Mitral/Bicuspid valve 1. Head – contains the nucleus
12. Left Ventricle – contains DNA
13. Aortic valve 2. Middle piece – mitochondria
14. Aorta – provides energy for movement
15. Organs of the body 3. Tail – propels the sperm forward
4. Acrosome – contains enzyme that
Artery – Arterioles – Capillaries – Venules helps the sperm penetrate the egg
– Vein
Motility – movement of sperm
Heart
300-500 million sperm – total sperm count
1. Left Atrial Appendage
during ejaculation
2. Left Ventricle
3. Right Ventricle
Causes of Sterility
4. Right Atrium
5. Left Atrium  STD
 Radiation
  Infection ex. Mumps Castration – removal of tester
 Lead Circumcision – removal of prepuce
 Pesticides
 Marijuana FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
 Tobacco
 Excessive alcohol intake Parts:
1. Ovaries
Epididymis – for storage of sperm 2. Fallopian Tube/Uterine
– Comma-shape Tube/Oviducts
3. Uterus/Uterine Cavity/Endometrial
Ductus Deferens (Vas Deferens) Cavity
– from the epididymis to the inguinal
4. Vagina (Birth Canal)
canal to pelvic cavity
– Fn: to propel the sperm from 5. Vulva – external organ
epididymis to urethra 6. Mammry Glands

Spermatic cord – covering of Ductus OVARIES – female gonads

Deferens Functions:
Ejaculatory Duct – end of Ductus Deferens 1. Produces ova
2. Produces female hormone
PASSES THROUGH THE URETHRA
1. Urine Stroma – parenchyma of ovary
2. Sperm Follicles – eggs
ACCESSORY GLANDS
FALLOPIAN TUBE
1. Seminal vesicles – posterior to 3 Portions
prostate gland 1. Infundibulum - part nearest the ovary
– Located at the base of the Fimbriae – finger-like projections
bladder
that catches the ovum
– Fn: to produce the semen
2. Ampulla – middle part
Semen – yellowish 3. Isthmus – near the uterus
– contains sugar
– vitam in C UTERUS – pear-shape
– proteins Layers of the wall:
1. Serosa – outermost layer
2. Prostate Gland – encircles the upper 2. Myometrium – middle/muscular layer
part of the urethra; below the 3. Endometrium – inner layer
bladder
– produces fluid to activate the Menstruation – breakdown of the
sperm endometrium
3. Bulbourethral gland – pea-size
– produces mucous for lubrication
Vagina – distensible (to accommodate
Semen – color white penis)
– provides transport medium and – 3-inch tubular organ
nutrients – for passage of the baby

EXTERNAL Hymen – fold of vaginal mucosa that blocks

the vaginal entrance
1. Scrotum – external genitalia in
males Destroyed Hymen:
– divided sac of skin that hangs 1. Physical activities
outside the abdominal cavity 2. Insertion of tampon
2. Penis – designed to deliver the
sperm into the vagina EXTERNAL GENITALIA
 Glans Penis – enlarged tip of 1. Vulva – whole thing
penis 2. Labia majora – oute folds
 Prepuce (Foreskin) – loose 3. Labia minora – inner folds
skin 4. Clitoris – sexually stimulating
5. Mons Pubis – mount of fatty tissue
HORMONES that covers the symphysis pubis
Androgen – main hormone – pubic hair
6. Vestibule – space between the labia
 Testosterone
minora
 Follicle Stimulating Hormone
 Luteinizing Hormone (LH)