JAVA / J2EE Mr.

Ashok

JAVA / J2EE
By

Mr. Ashok
JAVA / J2EE Mr. Ashok

Program: A program is a set of instructions, which are executed by a machine to reduce the burden of a user or
a human being by performing the operations faster without any mistakes.

Software: It is a set of programs, which can perform multiple tasks.

The softwares are classified into two types:
1) System software: The softwares which are designed to interact or communicate with the hardware devices, to
make them work are called as system software. These softwares are generally developed in languages like C,
C++ etc.
Example: Operating System, drivers, compilers etc.
2) Application Software: The softwares which are called designed to store data provide entertainment, process
data, do business, generate reports etc. are called as application software. These softwares are generally
developed in languages like java, .net, etc.
The application softwares are further classified into two types.
i. Stand Alone Software: The software which can execute in the context of a single machine are called as
standalone software.
Example: MS-Word, media player, etc.
ii. Web Based Software: This software can execute on any machine in the context of a browser are called
as web based software.
Example: Gmail, Facebook, etc

What is Java?
Java is a high level programming language and also known as platform because of its JRE (java runtime environment).

Brief History of Java

Java is one of the world’s most important and widely used computer languages, and it has held this distinction for
many years. Unlike some other computer languages whose influence has weared with passage of time, while Java's
has grown.
As of 2016, Java is one of the most popular programming languages in use, particularly for client-server web
applications, with a reported 9 million developers using and working on it.
Java language project initially started in June 1991 by James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton. An oak
tree stood outside Gosling’s office at that time and java named as oak initially. It later renamed as Green and was
later renamed as java from java coffee.

Java released versions:

JDK Alpha and Beta (1995)
JDK 1.0 (23rd Jan, 1996)
JDK 1.1 (19th Feb, 1997)
J2SE 1.2 (8th Dec, 1998)
J2SE 1.3 (8th May, 2000)
J2SE 1.4 (6th Feb, 2002 )
J2SE 5.0 (30th Sep, 2004 )
Java SE 6 (11th Dec, 2006 )
Java SE 7 (28th July, 2011 )
Java SE 8 (18th March, 2014 )
JAVA / J2EE Mr. Ashok

As per the sun micro system standard the JAVA language is divided into three Editions.
1. J2SE/JSE
2. J2EE/JEE
3. J2ME/JME

J2SE
- > J2SE stands for java 2 standard edition
- > By using J2SE we can develop standalone/Desktop applications.

Ex: notepad, WordPad, paint, Eclipse IDE………..etc.

Standalone applications: - Any application which runs in single computer is called standalone application.

i. Standalone applications are the java applications which don’t need the client server architecture.
ii. The standalone applications applicable for the only one desktop hence it is called desktop applications or
window based applications.
iii. For the standalone applications doesn’t need internet connections.
iv. It is a local application it doesn’t need any other external application support.
v. This type of the applications we can launch by using the command line or by using the executable jar.

Client Database

J2EE
-> J2EE stands for java 2 enterprise edition
-> By using J2EE we can develop web based applications.
Ex: Facebook, IRCTC, Flipkart etc.…

Web-applications:- Any application which can be accessible through the browser is called Web application

i. Web applications are the java applications which needs client and server concept.
ii. Web applications must need the internet connections to access the application.
iii. The application which is present in the internet is called the web application.
JAVA / J2EE Mr. Ashok

Client server database

request
Html
(java)
Css Hibernate
Jsp (.net) Used to
(php)
response Jdbc
store the
data.

Client: The Person who is sending the request is called client. All browsers comes under Clients.
Ex: Google chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer etc.…

Server: In information technology, a server is a computer program that provides services to other computer programs
(and their clients) in the same or other computers.
Ex: Apache Tomcat, Oracle WebLogic, IBM WebSphere’s (WAS) etc.….

Database: Database is used to store the details like client details, application details, registration details……etc.
Ex: Oracle, DB2, MySQL etc.….

J2ME
- > J2ME stands for java 2 mobile edition
- > J2ME is used to develop mobile/micro based applications.

Ex: WhatsApp, mynthra etc...

Why java is used?

The prime reason behind creation of Java was to bring platform-independency, portability and security feature into
a computer language. Beside these two major features, there were many other features that played an important
role in moulding out the final form of this outstanding language. Those features are given below
Java features:
1. Simple, easy and familiar:
Java is easy to learn and familiar because
a) The syntaxes of java language are very similar with C and C++ syntaxes
b) Eliminated the complex topics of C and C++ in Java, those are pointers and operator overloading.
Because of these factors Java is very easy to learn.
2. Platform Independent:
Unlike other programming languages such as C, C++ etc which are compiled into platform specific machines. Java is
guaranteed to be write-once, run-anywhere language.
On compilation Java program is compiled into bytecode. This bytecode is platform independent and can be run on
JAVA / J2EE Mr. Ashok

any machine, plus this bytecode format also provide security. Any machine with Java Runtime Environment can run
Java Programs.

3. Object-Oriented:
In java everything is Object which has some data and behaviour. Java can be easily extended as it is based on
Object Model.

4. Robust:
Any technology if it is good at two main areas it is said to be ROBUST

i. Exception Handling
ii. Memory Allocation

JAVA is Robust because

JAVA is having very good predefined Exception Handling mechanism whenever we are getting exception we are
having meaning full information.

JAVA is having very good memory management system that is Dynamic Memory (at runtime the memory is
allocated) Allocation which allocates and deallocates memory for objects at runtime.

JVM – It will take care of allocating the memory

Garbage Collector – It will take care of de-allocating the memory

5. Secure:
When it comes to security, Java is always the first choice. With java secure features it enable us to develop virus
free, temper free system. Java program always runs in Java runtime environment with almost null interaction with
system OS, hence it is more secure.

6. Distributed:
Java provides the network facility. I.e. programs can be access remotely from any machine on the network rather
than writing program on the local machine. HTTP and FTP protocols are developed in java.

7. Portable:
Means able to be easily carried or moved. Write once, run anywhere (WORA) feature makes it portable.
8. Architecture-Neutral:
Java code is translated into byte code after compilation which is independent of any computer architecture, it needs
only JVM (Java Virtual Machine) to execute.
9. High performance:
JVM can execute byte codes (highly optimized) very fast with the help of Just in time (JIT) compilation technique.