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Understanding of Resonance Essential For Solving Vibration Problems

Understanding resonance is essential for solving vibration problems. Resonance occurs when the frequency of an external force matches the natural frequency of a vibrating object, causing large amplitude vibrations that can damage equipment. There are two main types of resonance - structural resonance from non-rotating machine components, and rotor critical speed from a machine's rotating element matching the rotor's natural frequency. To address vibration issues, the first step is determining if the source is resonance in the rotating equipment or supporting structure.

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Kent Delos Reyes
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82 views

Understanding of Resonance Essential For Solving Vibration Problems

Understanding resonance is essential for solving vibration problems. Resonance occurs when the frequency of an external force matches the natural frequency of a vibrating object, causing large amplitude vibrations that can damage equipment. There are two main types of resonance - structural resonance from non-rotating machine components, and rotor critical speed from a machine's rotating element matching the rotor's natural frequency. To address vibration issues, the first step is determining if the source is resonance in the rotating equipment or supporting structure.

Uploaded by

Kent Delos Reyes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding of

resonance essential for


solving vibration problems
It's no secret that severe vibration can destroy bearings, ruin shafts
and potentially disrupt production. What's less well known is that resonant
machine components and supporting structures can magnify even small
vibration problems enough to damage connected equipment or cause
catastrophic machine failure. To solve a vibration issue quickly and avoid
such undesirable outcomes, an important first step is to determine if the
source of the increased vibration is resonance in the rotating equipment or
in a supporting structure.
 Structural resonance: Structural resonance refers to
excessive vibrations of non-rotating components,
usually machine parts or supporting structures. Due
to the complexity of these components, it is the
more common resonant condition and usually
occurs at or near the rotating speed of the machine.

 Rotor critical speed: A rotor critical speed exists


when a machine's rotating element is the resonant
component and its speed matches the natural
frequency of the rotor. This is common with
centrifugal pumps, gas and steam turbines, and
large, two-pole electric motors.
HOW VIBRATIONS MAY BE REDUCED?
There are two basic ways to control noise and vibration:
Minimize them. The primary method of reducing noise and
vibration is to minimize their generation. This can be
accomplished by:
• Balancing rotating components.
• Reducing the mass of reciprocating members.
• Loading the driven device as uniformly as possible.
• Incorporating a soft-start device to minimize start-up shock.
Accommodate them. Once vibrations are minimized at the
source, the next step is to reduce their harmful effects.
Here, the key issues are system design and drive coupling
selection. Vibrations can be either amplified or isolated
depending on the mass and stiffness characteristics of the
system. The main parameter to control is the relationship
between natural and disturbing frequencies of the system.
MATERIALS USED TO REDUCE
VIBRATIONS.
Dampers:
As the name suggests, dampers are used to damp or
reduce the frequency of oscillation of the vibrating
components of the machine by absorbing a part of
energy evolved during vibration.

Axial Damper: The Axial damper is fitted on the crankshaft


of the engine to dampen the shaft generated axial
vibration i.e. oscillation of the shaft in forward and aft
directions, parallel to the shaft horizontal line.
Torsional Damper : It is a twisting phenomenon in the
crankshaft which spreads from one end to other due
to uneven torque pulses coming from different units
‘pistons.

De-tuners : are used to alter the frequency of the


vibrating machinery reducing the vibration of the
engine

Side Bracing: Normally fitted on the top of the engine


which increases the stiffness and raises the natural
frequency beyond the working range. 
Flexible Coupling: If the engine has a Power turbine
connected to its crankshaft via a reduction gear,
then flexible coupling are used to compensate for
the vibration occurring during motion transfer. The
Flexible elements are mainly spring or special
material rubber for de tuning the vibration.

THAT’S ALL THANK YOU..:D

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