1

PERCEPTION OF GRADE 10 STUDENTS OF TAAL NATIONAL HIGH

SCHOOL TOWARDS ABM STRAND

A Qualitative Research Paper

Presented to
The Faculty Senior High School
Taal, Batangas

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirement for
Accountancy, Business and Management
In Practical Research 2

By:
ABM 11-A (Group 3)

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researchers want to express their deepest appreciation and

gratitude to the following:

To the Almighty God for His guidance and blessings which enable

them to do study.

To Mrs.Warehn E. Manalo, the Practical Research 1 teacher, who

guided and offered his helping hand to serve as their inspiration in the

realization of their dreams and for his incomparable advises for the

researchers.

To the respondents for their cooperation and willingness to answering

the questionnaire.

Sincerely grateful and word of thanks hereby goes to their parent’s

moral and financial support given to them in the fulfillment of this study.

To their relatives for the moral support, love and motivate which

encouraged them to go.

A. M. J.

A. J. E.

A. M. J.

A. R.

A. R.

A. K. M.

G. H. M.

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DEDICATION

With our honor, this piece of work is lovingly and whole heartedly

dedicated to the following:

For our research teacher

Parents

Students

Administrators of School

If without them, this study will be impossible to success. We have the

courage to face all the challenges that came into our lives because of you all.

And to our Almighty God, who gave us strength and guide for

everything, in doing this study.

The Researchers

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Table of Contents

Title Page………………………………………………………………………..i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………….ii

DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………iii

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction……………………………………………………………………….5

Statement of the Problem………………………………………………………10

Significance of the Study………………………………………………………11

Theoretical framework…………………………………………………………12

Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………………14

Scope and Limitation……………………………………………………………15

Definition of Terms……………………………………………………………..16

II.REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE…………………………………..19

III. RESEARCH METHOD AND PROCEDURES.

Research Design………………………………………………………………31.

Research Locale………………………………………………………………..31

Respondents of the Study……………………………….……………………32

Research Instruments…………………………………………………………32

Data Gathering Procedures…………………………………………………..32

Sampling Procedures………………………………………………………….33

PERSONAL DATA SHEET……………………………………………………34

BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………41

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Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Education is very vital because it shapes an individual’s future. What

person invested during his studies could very well determine what will become

of him in the real world. Park (2009) cited that would regards to career

choices, students desire careers that can bring fame, good pay, enable them

to live comfortable lives and learn to respect others.

Interest greatly contributes to the success of an individual. With interest in

what one is doing, a feeling of fulfillment in the work is achievable. It would

give the individual goal in life and makes it clear in the earliest possible time,

the career that one wants to pursue.

Education

In historic moment for advocates of educational equity, President Benigno

Aquino III approved Republic Act (RA) 10533, signing into law of K to 12

programs on May 15, 2013.

By adding 2 years to the current educational system, K to 12 aims to provide

mastery skills for life long program also contextualizes lessons to students, as

concepts will be explained using local culture with the use of the students

respective mother tongues. The curriculum also prepares graduates to

acquire mid-level skills that will allow them more opportunities even its the

global job market.

ABM

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By taking the ABM strand you will be trained to analyze facts, assets,

understand everything involved with financial positions interpret various

profitability, and prepare audit accounts.

Background of the Study

The researchers choose to study the Perception of selected Grade-10

ABM students in Taal National High School towards ABM strand.

The Accounting Business and Management (ABM) strand would focus on

the basic concepts of financial management, business management,

corporate operations, and all the things that are accounted for. ABM can also

lead you to careers on management and accounting which should be sales

manager, director, project officer, book keeper and lot more.

Perception is defined as the organization, identification and interpretation

of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented

information or the environment. Specifically, knowing the students perception

regarding to courses affected and offered will be a good input not only for the

improvement and further development of the guidance and placement

programs offered but also for enhancing the image of the course itself.

The person of their perception is the complex matter, but highly valuable

will react to or interact with another. Some factors that may influence person’s

perception are; mindset, mind track, social attitudes and the values of the

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perceive, the external characteristics of the person being viewed; stereotypes;

and he context of the situation are being perceived (Bustos et.al 2011).

Perceptions may vary from person to person. Different people perceived

different thing about the situation. But more than that, we assigned different

meanings are to what assigned is perceived. The meanings might change for

a certain person. One might change ones perspective or simply sake and

make things mean something else (MC Grow Hill Encyclopedia of Science

and Technology).

Choosing a course is already the first step on the journey to a good

career. Before being admitted to a university, the course preference will

always be asked.

According to Tiedmann (2015), career development unfolds within the

general process of cognitive development as one resolves ego relevant crisis.

He further noted but that decision making is a continuous process which

individuals will change courses of career action, generally by living setting or

environment such as the student is disoriented in his course he have been

taken that will result in the decreasing eagerness in that field.

The researchers believes that knowing perception of Grade-10 students in

Taal National High School will be a good help for both students in choosing a

course and for promoting the ABM strand as a career. This study may be

useful instrument to students who are confused in choosing the right course.

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Statement of the Problem

This study aims to examine the perception of Grade 10 students of Taal

National High School on ABM program. Specifically, this study sought to

answer the following questions.

1. What are the profiles of the respondents in terms of ;

1.1 age

1.2 gender

2. What are the factors that affect the students in taking ABM strand?

3. What are the perception of grade 10 students of TNHS towards ABM

strand?

4.What benefits can be derived from ABM strand in terms of;

4.1 Opportunities

4.2 Employment

4.3 Business

5.

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Significance of the Study

To the Grade-10 students, as they will develop awareness of themselves

for their career development by evaluating the perception of Grade-10

students in Taal National High School towards ABM strand.

To the selected Grade 10 students in Taal National High School, as

they will know the inputs which they will focus in enhancing the image of ABM

as a profession and also the results will help them in putting up an effective

and integrated career information and guidance system that plays a helpful

role in guiding students in choosing a profession.

To the Taal Senior High School professors, as the results will give

them information about the perception of the students regarding their teaching

strategies and school activities and give them a place for improvement.

To the parents, as the results will give them information about their

children perception in ABM strand so that they can help their children in

choosing a course in college.

To the Researchers, as the process and outcome of this study will produce

great satisfaction, competence and professionalism to the field. This will also

give them much broad knowledge about ABM as a profession

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Theoretical Framework

This study attempts to asses the perception of selected Grade-10

students in Taal National High School towards ABM strand. This concept is

not a new idea in fact, some college department offer guidance and career

orientation program to Grade-10 students.

The figure shows the perception of selected Grade-10 students in Taal

National High School towards ABM strand.

Awareness/exposure to the
course
Perception of selected
Grade-10 students in Taal
National High School
towards ABM strand
Advantage of the course

Perception of selected Grade-10 ABM in Taal National High School towards

ABM strand.

Dr. Shiela Marie Hucson, director of FEU Manila’s University Counselling

and career office, outlines several factors that hinder college freshman from

the respondents experience confusion with regards to their career choices as

a result of irrational thoughts brought about by their childhood, adverse

experiences from the past, disabling emotions and their environment. These

factors also contribute to the students development of a negative outlook in

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life, including the perception that all occupational information are blessed and

the tendency to be upset when asked about their future career plans.

Disabling emotions as well as lack of understanding of the decision making

process itself also contribute to the inability of a graduating student to choose

suitable profession. Moreover, the study noted an anxiety that accompanies

the incapacity to commit to an occupational choice further perpetuates in their

decision.

The research indicate the most career undecided students have a low

vocational identity, suggesting that they are unaware of their own

personalities, abilities and talents that matched their respective career

choices. Specifically, knowing the students profession regarding courses

offered, it will be a good input not only for the improvement and development

of the guidance and placement programs offered but also for enhancing the

image of the course itself.

The conceptual logic of this framework led the researcher to the substantive
hypothesis that how students have arrived on specific course is because of
their perception.

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Conceptual Framework

The researchers used the profile of the respondents in Taal National

High School as an input also they used the interview as the process of the

study to know, enhance, boosts and increase the knowledge of the

researchers about their diversified background. Furthermore, the different

information and gathering data from the respondents was needed and also

used in completion of the research. The output presents the proposed inputs

to enhance the perception of selected Grade-10 students in Taal National

High School towards ABM strand.

The first frame includes the input of the paradigm since it contains the

profile of the respondents being evaluated including the age, sex, type of

school, and average grade in mathematics, science, English, also their

assessment to the perception of selected Grade-10 students in Taal National

High School towards ABM strand.

These particular variables included in the interview as a part of the

study. The second frame contains the measurement and the instrument used

in order to make a worth presentation and demonstration of the data.It

includes the interview with the selected Grade-10 students of Taal National

High School. The last part contains the output which includes the proposed

input to perception of selected Grade-10 students in Taal National High

School towards ABM strand.

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Input Process Output

A. Profile of the
respondent
Proposed inputs to
 Age
enhance the
 Sex Identification of
perception o
B. Perception of the perception of
Grade10- students
selected Grade-10 Grade-10
in Taal National
students in Taal students in Taal
High School
National High National High
towards ABM
School towards School.
strand.
ABM strand

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study is focuses on the perception of selected Grade-10 students of

Taal National High School towards ABM strand.

This study covered the profile of the respondents in terms of sex and age.

The significant difference of the perception of the respondents when grouped

according to their profile variables was also tackled.

The High School was selected on the length of their operation and other

commonalities such as geographical location, enrollment, size and availability

of the students of Taal National High School which is located at Calle Ilagan

Taal, Batangas. This study focused on heir perception on choosing ABM

strand.(It looked into their socio-demographic pro).

The researcher considered Grade-10 students as the respondents about

their perception towards ABM strand
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Definition of terms

For better understanding of the study, the following terms are conceptually

and operationally defined.

Accountability- According to yourdictiounary.com, it is taking or being

assigned responsibility for something that you have done or something you

are supposed to do.

Accountancy Business and Management (ABM). According to

Accounting Dictionary, management accounting is also called Managerial

Accounting or Cost Accounting, is the process of analyzing business costs

and operations to prepare internal financial report, records,and account to aid

manager’s decision making process in achieving business goals.

In this study, it refers to the basis of the respondents on choosing ABM

strand as their track.

Career. According to Merriam Webster, it is a profession for which one

trains and which is undertaken as permanent calling.

In this study, it refers to an individual metaphorical “journey” through

learning, work and other aspects in life. There are a number of ways to define

a career and term is used in a variety of ways. According to Balmes (2008), it

is the progress and actions taken by a person’s occupations. A career is often

composed of the jobs held, titles earned and work accomplished, over a long

period of time, rather than just referring to one position.

Curriculum. In dictionaries, it refers to the lessons and academic content

taught in a school or in specific course or program. It is also defined as the

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courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in

schools.

In this study, it refers to a broadly defined as the loyalty of student

experiences that occur in the educational process. The term often refers

specifically to a planned sequence off instruction or to a view of the students

experiences in terms of the educator’s or school’s instructional goals. On the

other hand, Edward Ebert II (2013) cited that curriculum refers to the means

and materials with which students will interact for the purpose of achieving

identified educational outcomes.

K-12- According to the whatis.techtarget.com, a term used in education

and educational technology in the United States, Canada, and possibly other

countries is a short form for the publicly-supported school grades prior to

collage. These grades are Kindergarten (K) and the 1st through the 12st grade

(1-12).

Perception- According to Oxforf dictionaries, perception is the ability to

see, hear or become aware of something through the senses .

In this study, perception is used to determine how Grade 10 students view

the ABM stand.

Profession. In dicionaries, it is a paid occupation, especially one that

involves prolonged trainin and a formal qualification.

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In this study, it refer to a vocation founded upon specialized educational

training, the purpose if which is to supply dis interested objective course and

service to others, for a direct and definite compensation, whole apart from

expectation of other business gain. Based on Gaerlan (2009) although

professions may enjoy relatively high status and public prestige, not within

specific professions there exist significantly professions earn high salaries,

and even not inequalities of compensation

Profitability- According to yourdictionary.com, profitability is defined as

whether or not something makes money or has a benefit.

Senior High School (SHS). According to yourdictionary.com, Senior

High School is a secondary school that students attend in the three or four

highest grades before college.

In this study, it refers to the last two years of the K to 12 programs and

includes Grade 11 and Grade 12. In SHS, students will go through a core

curriculum and subjects under a track of their choice. Students are taught

from simplest concepts to more complicated concepts through grade level in

spiral progression. As early as elementary, students gain knowledge in areas

such as Biology, Geometry, Earth Science, Chemistry and Algebra. This

ensures a mastery of knowledge and skills after each level.

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Chapter II

RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter contains a collection of relevant readings and research

literature, published or unpublished that served as the basis to substantiate

their topic under study. It also presents definition of terms used in the study.

Conceptual Literature

This section contains related literature that the researchers derived

from various sources. This also contains various definitions of the different

significant terms used in the study given by different authors of different

books. The data found were carefully examined in order to find similarities and

relevance to the resent study.

The K to 12 Program covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic

education to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop

lifelong learners and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle level

skills development, employment and entrepreneurship. Every Filipino child

now has access to early childhood education through kindergarten. At 5 years

old, children start schooling and are given the means to slowly adjust to

formal education. Research shows that children who underwent kindergarten

have better completion rates than those who did not. Children who complete a

standards-based kindergarten program are better prepared, for primary

education. Education for children in the early years lays the foundation for

lifelong learning and for the total development of a child. The early 6 years,

are most critical period when the brain grows to at least 60-70% for adult size.
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In kindergarten, student learns the alphabet, numbers, shapes and colors

through games, songs and dances, in their Mother Tongue. Examples,

activities, songs, poems, stories and illustrations are based on local culture,

history and reality.

After going Kindergarten, the enhanced Elementary and Junior High School

curriculum, and specialized Senior High program, every K to 12 graduate will

be ready to go in different paths may it further education, employment, or

entrepreneurship.

Program implementation in public schools is being done in phases

starting 2012-2013. Grade 1 entrants in 2012-2013 are the first batch to fully

undergo the program, and current 1st year Junior High School students or

Grade 7 are the first to undergo the enhanced secondary education program.

To facilitate the transition from the existing 10 year basic education to 12

years, DEPED is also implementing the SHS and SHS Modelling. Students

will undergo assessments to determine their strengths and interest. These will

include an aptitude test, a career assessment exam, and an occupational

interest inventory for high schools. Career advocacy activities will also be

conducted to help guide students in choosing their specialization track.

Specialization track to be offered will be distributed according to the resources

available in the area, the needs and interest of most students, and the

opportunities and demands of the community.

This makes the lessons relevant to the learners and easy to

understand. Students acquire in depth knowledge, skills, values and attitude

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through continuity and consistency across all levels and subjects. Discussions

on issues such as Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), Climate Change

Adaptation and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are

included in the enhanced curriculum. Students are able to learn best through

their first language their Mother Tongue. 12 Mother Tongues languages have

been introduced: Bahasasug, Bikol, Cebuano, Chabacano,Hiligaynon,

Ilocano, Kapampangan, Maguindanaoan, Meranao, Pangasinense, Tagalog,

and Waray.

Other local language will be added in succeeding school years. Aside

from mother tongue English and Filipino are taught as subjects starting Grade

1 with a focus on oral fluency. From Grades 4 to 6, English and Filipino are

gradually introduced as languages on instruction. Both will become primary

languages on instruction in Junior High school (JHS) and Senior High school

(SHS). Senior High school in 2 years of specialized upper secondary

education; students may choose a specialization based on aptitude, interest

and school capacity. The choice of career track will define the content of the

subject a student will take in Grade 11 and 12. Senior High school subjects

fall under either the core curriculum of specific tracks. There are Learning

Areas under the core curriculum these are Languages, Literature,

Communication, Mathematics, Philosophy, Natural Science and Social

Science. Current content from the some General Education subjects are

embedded in the Senior High School Curriculum. Each student in Senior High

school can choose among three tracks: Academic; Technical-Vocational-

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Livelihood; and Sports and Arts. The Academic Track includes three strands:

Accountancy and Business Management (ABM), Humanities and Social

Sciences (HUMSS), and Science Technology Engineering Mathematics

(STEM).

Research Literature

The study of Conelly (2013) cited that schools have always played a

vital role ensuring that students have the skills needed for the job or career

they have chosen. The key function of education is to fully prepare students

for life after schooling preparation for the world of work is a necessary and

vital part of that equation. As our society and economy continues to evolve, it

may be time to rethink how public education aids students in choosing career

and education path ways. Additionally, due to the present economic and

social changes our government is dealing with, it is imperative that we think

more deeply about the future of those students who will enter the workforce

immediately after high school.

On the other hand Waugh (2013) cited, high standard of living, is an

important part of culture and values. The education system has a significant

and direct impact on the quality of our workforce our economic productivity

and ultimately, our ability to

prosper as businesses, as people, and as a nation rely on our public schools

to provide highly skilled and educated talent. K to 12 is a solution to create

opportunities that will help all children from the time they enter the classroom.

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The future of the Filipino children, as cited by Magsino (2009), is

marred by various forms of uncertainties considering the critical conditions of

the Philippine socio-economic and political situations. While the rich become

richer and the poor, poorer it is evident that there is a growing need to

minimize or control the rising unequal-distribution of wealth opportunities for

success among the Filipino constituents, from which the children are greatly

affected. Premised on the foregoing, education is deemed one of the best

ways to neutralize the growing inequality and make the Filipino way of life less

conducive to poverty threats and its multifarious effects on the individual, the

family and society as a whole. Nevertheless, education itself is undergoing

transitions and adaptations to modern technology and to that of globalization

with creates inevitable problems that imply the need for effective teaching in

all levels from pre-elementary to post tertiary. The dynamic forces and agents

of change make obsolete the previous variables deemed effective in the past.

Local Literature

According to Poster (2008) stressed that school readiness is not just an

attribute of children, but also comprises the educational, social, family and

personal resources to support their success at school. The following child

attributes imply school readiness. Good physical health, including being well

nourished and having the physical stamina to cast a school day; general

cognitive skills such as literacy and numeracy; effective communication skills,

both comprehend instructions and communicate personal needs.

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According to Griffin (2008), in an attempt to address the difference in

the school readiness of certain groups of children, some policy makes

advocate the provision of kinder garden.

According to High (2012) cited that school readiness includes the

readiness of the individual child, the school readiness for children. On the

ability of the family and community to support optimal early child development.

It is the responsibility of schools to be ready for all levels of readiness.

According to Taplin (2008) cited that it is the responsibility of schools to

import values of education in teaching. There growing pressure for all

teachers to become teachers of values.

According to Callingham (2010) reiterated that assessment in regarded

as more than the task or method used to collect data about students. It

includes the process of drawing inferences from the data collected and acting

on those judgement in effective ways.

According to Department of Education (DepEd), Makabayan is a

learning area that serves as a practice environment for holistic learning; an

area in which students develop a healthy personal and national- self identity.

In a perfect world, this type of construction would consists of modes of

integrative teaching that will allow students to process and synthesize a wide

variety of skills and values (cultural, vocational, aesthetic, economic, political

and ethical). Also DepEd stresses that the country is prepared for a big shift in

education system. In fact, it has worked to fulfil the gaps on the number of

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classrooms, teachers, and textbooks. Also, it has finished the planning

phases along with stakeholdres. The Department of Education has in the

past years been working towards the implementation of the K-12 program

that is designed to “provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and

skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary

education, middle-level skills development, employment, and

entrepreneurship.” The extension of the basic education to 12 years seeks

to boost the quality of Philippine education to make it at par with that of other

countries. The K-12 program is described to have six salient features: 1)

strengthening early childhood education through universal Kindergarten, 2)

making the curriculum relevant to learners, 3) ensuring integrated and

seamless learning, 4) building proficiency through use of mother tongue

based multi-lingual education, 5) provision of career tracks and 6) nurturing

holistically developed Filipino. [1]

According to the evaluation of the Department of Education there is an

insufficient mastery of basic competencies due to the congested curriculum.

Their findings show that for every 100 freshmen only two are able to have a

complete mastery of what they have learned in their high school (Department

of Education, 2010). Also cases like high school graduates who look for jobs

so as to sustain their means to pursue tertiary education are considered

unprepared because of their competencies and maturity level. They are

viewed as too young to work because of their age which is 17 or 18; also they

are not emotionally mature to handle employment and entrepreneurship.

Other countries also viewed that the 10 year

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cycle is already insufficient due to the fact that they were able to effectively

implement the K+12 education system (Department of Education, 2010).

The Department of Education (2010), also noticed some problems in

the present curriculum because it was observed that there was overcrowding

of subjects thus leading to no mastery amongst students and that there is no

specialization because most subjects focus on academics area but does not

develop manual skills. Because of this, several reforms were formulated and

started but because results in improving the quality of education is not easily

seen, the Department of Education came forth in addressing the improvement

of the quality of education through their proposal of implementing the K+12

education system which is adopted in most countries around the globe.

Seeing all of this, one could assume that K-12 has benefits that could help in

the improvement of the quality of education basing from the cases of the

different developed countries like the United States, Australia, Britain and

Canada. In the Philippines though, it could not be effective enough for there

are different standards and requirements that the government and the

Department of Education should work on before its implementation. Also

awareness among parents, students and teachers about K+12 education

should be promoted for its implementation given that most of these people

see it as a burden rather than a help to improvement for our educational

system. It is true that specialization and improvement of skills which the K+12

education system is highly recommended for is good in training students and

it could be effective in our country but at present and in the next 5-10 years,

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this would not work especially if we are still faced with problems such as lack

of classrooms, facilities, comfort rooms and teachers who are not well-trained

to adjust to the K+12 curriculum. Also the ability of the government to release

funds that would shoulder all the expenses in adopting this education system

is another pressing concern.

According to DepEd (2010a), the K-12 program would require 103,599

more teachers. Even without the new program, there is already a shortage of

teachers due to budget constraints. Hiring more in preparation for the

implementation of K-12 will be met with even more difficulties. From the point

of view of the private education institutions, an identified concern is the

loading of some teachers in the tertiary level, especially those assigned to

handle general education courses, once the two years of senior high school

are already implemented. Since there will be two years, during the transition

phase, that there will be no freshmen in the tertiary level, some general

education college teachers will then have to be given teaching load in the

senior high school. These teachers who will be given assignments in the

senior high school cannot just do so without the adequate training. The

question of which education agency will administer the implementation of the

senior high school is also crucial as it will define certain key aspects such as

professional requirements for teachers. If the additional two years of senior

high school will be under DepEd, then a safe assumption would be that

teachers who would handle students’ academic formation during the two

years should be licensed teachers. This then, will create a problem among

schools, colleges, and universities who will laterally transfer their tertiary level

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general education teachers to teach in the senior high school. This is

particularly true since, in college, a license to teach is not a requirement. Still

another area that merits attention and careful study is the training of teachers

who will execute the changes in the curriculum of basic education in

conformity with the K-12 program. It has been noted in various studies that

the poor professional and academic preparation of teachers is one of the

reasons the quality of education in the Philippines suffers. Such a problem

has been receiving a lot of attention and intervention from DepEd as well as

from some private organizations but the improvement is still largely to be

seen. Apart from the additional training for teachers who will handle senior

high schools, there is also a corollary requirement to reevaluate the

curriculum for the teaching profession. Needless to say, the reformulation of

the teacher curriculum shall have to be addressed once a new K-12

curriculum has already been finalized.

Foreign Literature

According to Tan (2011) in his writing discussed and pointed out

important details about K to 12. He enumerated the four phases of the k to 12

programs as follow. Refers of laying the foundations, the goal of which is to

finally implement the universal kindergarten (offered since on S.Y. 2011-2012)

and the development of the entire program. Modelling and migration claimed

to promote the enactment of the basic education law to finally start of the

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implementation of the new curriculum for Grade 1 to 4 and 7 to 10, for the

modelling of the senior high school.

According to Denham and Scott (2008) caution against false

dictomities in education that can militate against effective leadership decisions

and that often reflect polarizing ideologies in education for the school leader, a

sensitivity to the pressures that are or can be exerted by the policy content

and awareness of the distortions that may be forced on the schools programs

as a result seem to be important imperatives in getting the balance weight.

According to Full an (2008) stressed that teachers of today and

tomorrow need to do such more learning on the job or in parallel with where

they can constantly. It recognizes that effective professionals development

must be focused on the schools themselves and based on daily classroom

provide.

According to Scan Dura’s (2008) structural learning theory, what is

learned are rules which consist of a domain, range and procedures. There

may be facilitated when higher order rules are used, rules that generate new

rules net for any given class task. Problem solving may be facilitated when

higher order rules are used, rules that generate. Higher rules account for

creative behaviour as well as the ability to solve complex problem by making it

possible to generate new rules.

According to Sullivan (2011) framed a new theory of enhancing

teaching through using research informed strategies. This theory asserts that

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the enhancement procedures starts from a review of assessment result which

include both the previous students learning outcomes and the test items in

which they excelled.

According to (Osterberg, 2004). Education is important to everybody. It

gives knowledge about the world around us, strengthens people in different

aspects in life, gives perspectives in life and helps build opinions and have

points of view in everything about life. Education is a state responsibility. The

national progress of the education depends to the great extent on the

productive capacity of its people.

According to Sutaria, 1984. The quality of education is a responsibility of

all schools. It implies an upgrading of educational standards, a process that is

similar to the attainment of excellence in education as well as in life.

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Chapter III

METHODS AND PROCEDURE

Research Design

In this study, the researchers utilizes the qualitative research particularly

in Phenomenology. Qualitative research is defined as a market research

method that focuses on obtaining data in through open-ended communication.

Qualitative research methods usually collect data at the sights, where the

participants are experiencing issues or problems. Phenomenology study

attempts to set aside biases and preconceived assumptions about human

experiences, feelings and responses to a particular situation.

Research Locale

The research choose to study the perception of Selected Grade 10

students in Taal National High School towards ABM strand. Taal National

High School is a public high school specifically located at I.Ilagan St. Zone in

the municipality of Taal, in province of Batangas. Believe it or not but this

school was established on January 01,1994 and 25 years ago. Taal

Municipality in the Province of Batangas in CALABARZON (Region IV) of the

Philippines. The place is convenient of the researcher that will set their

research study to be more informative and effective.

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Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study are consist of Grade 10 students of Taal

National High School selected through random sampling. We choose Grade

10 students as our respondents to this study, because they are the one who

will be the next Grade 11 students. So our team wants to know what is their

perception about the ABM strand of Taal Senior High School.

Research Instruments

In this study was generated from the perception of Grade 10 students in

Taal National High School towards ABM strand program. The researcher

utilized a self-constructed interview question as the primary instrument in data

gathering, and it underwent construction, validation and reliability testing and

administrative bases.

Data Gathering Procedure

After approval of the researchers chosen topic, they started to read and

research in the different libraries in Batangas about the different topics related

to the study gain more information and knowledge needed in the writing of this

study. They also visited in the internet and logged on the different websites to

read articles, journals and empirical studies related.

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Sampling Procedure
In this study, we used the sampling procedure because we will use in
choosing our respondents.
We researchers choose the major part of sampling which is probability
sample because it is a type of sampling where each number of the population
has known profitability of being selected in the sample. And we chose the type
of sampling which is cluster under of probability sample because our
respondents are selected randomly based on their age and gender

FORMULA

n
n  e^2
n= number of population
e= estimation or percent

200
200  (0.15)^ 2
= 1.02

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Personal Data Sheet

ATIENZA,JOHN ERICK ATIENZA

Gahol Taal Batngas
Contact Number: 09759628796

______________________________________________________________
__

Personal Information

Birth date : 11 August 2002

Birthplace : Taal, Batangas

Age : 16

Sex : Male

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Roman Catholic

Father’s Name : Nestor P. Atienza

Mother’s Name : ChristineT. Atienza

Educational Background

Senior High School : SHS Within Taal Central School

Track : Accountacy, Business and Management
(ABM)

Secondary : Maabud National HighSchool

Elementary : Cubamba Gahol Elementary School

Skills : Playing Basketball

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Personal Data Sheet

ABANICO MART JOEBERT M

Buli Taal Batangas
Contact Number: 09362122234

______________________________________________________________
__

Personal Information

Birth date : 10 October 2002

Birthplace : Taal, Batangas

Age : 16

Sex : Male

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Roman Catholic

Father’s Name : Galicano S.Abanico

Mother’s Name : Marieta M.Abanico

Educational Background

Senior High School : SHS Within Taal Central School

Track : Accountacy, Business and Management
(ABM)

Secondary : Sta.Teresita National High School

Elementary : Buli Elementary School

Skills : Playing Online Games, Singing

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Personal Data Sheet

ATIENZA, MHEL JAY A.

Carsuche, Taal, Batangas
Contact Number: 09215010322
__________________________________________________

Personal Information

Birth date : 02 September 2001

Birthplace : Taal, Batangas

Age : 17

Sex : Male

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Roman Catholic

Father’s Name : Melecio A. Atienza

Mother’s Name : Jennifer A. Atienza

Educational Background

Senior High School : SHS Within Taal Central School

Track : Accountacy, Business and Management
(ABM)

Secondary : Taal National High School

Elementary : Tulo, Elementary, School

Skills : Reading Books

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Personal Data Sheet

AUSTRIA,KEZHIAH MAE R
Luntal Taal Batangas Picture
Contact Number: 09676778471

__________________________________________________
______________

Personal Information

Birth date : 28 March 2002

Birthplace : Taal, Batangas

Age : 16

Sex : Female

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Born Again

Father’s Name : Jonathan A.Austria

Mother’s Name : Beatriz R.Austria

Educational Background

Senior High School : SHS Within Taal Central School

Track : Accountacy, Business and Management
(ABM)

Secondary : Taal National High School

Elementary : Luntal Elementary School

Skills : Reading Wattpad

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Personal Data Sheet

ATIENZA, ROSANNA A.
Gahol, Taal Batangas
Contact Number: 09755807480
______________________________________________________________
__

Personal Information

Birth date : 13 March 2002

Birthplace : Taal, Batangas

Age : 17

Sex : Female

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Roman Catholic

Father’s Name : Bienvinido A. Atienza

Mother’s Name : Remedios A. Atienza

Educational Background

Senior High School : SHS Within Taal Central School

Track : Accountacy, Business and Management
(ABM)

Secondary : Taal National High School

Elementary : Cultihan Bolbok Elementary School

Skills : Singing

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Personal Data Sheet

ATIENZA, RAMILYN
Buli, Taal Batangas
Contact Number:
__________________________________________________

Personal Information

Birth date : 18 November 2001

Birthplace : Taal Batangas

Age : 17

Sex : Female

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Roman Catholic

Father’s Name : Rommel M. Atienza

Mother’s Name : Mylene D. Atienza

Educational Background

Senior High School : SHS Within Taal Central School

Track : Accountacy, Business and Management
(ABM)

Secondary : Taal National High School

Elementary : Buli Elementary School

Skills : Reading Wattpad

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Personal Data Sheet

GIDORIO,HANNAH MAY
Balisong, Taal Batangas
Contact Number: 09386661822
______________________________________________________________
__

Personal Information

Birth date : 17 April 2002

Birthplace : Balisong, Taal, Batangas

Age : 16

Sex : Female

Civil Status : Single

Citizenship : Filipino

Religion : Baptist

Father’s Name : Remy S. Gidorio

Mother’s Name : Marilyn S. Gidorio

Educational Background

Senior High School : SHS Within Taal Central School

Track : Accountacy, Business and Management
(ABM)

Secondary : Taal National High School

Elementary : Balisong Elementary School

Skills : Playing Badminton, Reading Wattpad

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Bibliography

BOOKS

Balmes,T A (2007),Family influences on the career life cycle.In M.Ozbilgin

and A Malach Pines ( Eds),Career Choice in Management and

Entrepreneurship: A Research Companion(pp.101-126).Edward Edgar Press.

Journals and Periodicals

Hadly,.LT,(1960),Factors Affecting High School Students Career Preference:

A Basis for Career Planning Program.Director,Office of Student Development

Services,University of Rizal System,1960 Philippines.

Unpublished Theses

Antonio,Vicente,Miranda.,(August 2008).Attitude Toward of Career Choice of

third and fourth year secondary of Pablo Barbon Memorial Institute of

Technology .Unpublished Theses,Batangas State University,Batangas City.

De Leon,L,(2007).Personal and Parental influence as determinants of career

choice and its perceived effects scholastic performance of first year

Accountancy Students of Batangas State University .Unpublished

Theses,Batangas City

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INTERNET

 whatistechtarget.com/definition/k-12

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