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Drip Irrigation Report

The students visited two drip irrigation sites near Khanpur Dam to learn about this sub-surface irrigation method. They observed the key components of the system including solar panels, pumps, filters, fertilizer tanks, pipes, emitters, and greenhouses. Drip irrigation saves water and reduces costs compared to surface irrigation. It also allows for out-of-season crop growth. The field trip provided valuable practical knowledge about how drip irrigation systems function.

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MehreenaMoyeed
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361 views

Drip Irrigation Report

The students visited two drip irrigation sites near Khanpur Dam to learn about this sub-surface irrigation method. They observed the key components of the system including solar panels, pumps, filters, fertilizer tanks, pipes, emitters, and greenhouses. Drip irrigation saves water and reduces costs compared to surface irrigation. It also allows for out-of-season crop growth. The field trip provided valuable practical knowledge about how drip irrigation systems function.

Uploaded by

MehreenaMoyeed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SUBMITTED BY:

HASHIR MUBEEN (F14-CVE-081)


SYED MUNTAZIR MEHDI (F14-CVE-051)
ABDUR RAFEY (F14-CVE-013)
NOOR UL AMIN (F14-CVE-043)
MUHAMMAD KHALIL (F14-CVE-029)
MUHAMMAD JAMMAN SHAHID (F14-
CVE-086)

FIELD TRIP REPORT


DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Educational field trip was arranged by the COMSATS University for the students of last semester of civil
engineering department. Trip was based on our study of subject “Irrigation Engineering”. Purpose of this
trip was the better understanding of the drip irrigation method. So on 18th April 2018, Engineer Irum
Javed along with Engineer Sandeerah Ch. and Mujeeb ur Rehman accompanied us to the field. Two
busses were provided by the University administration.

Due to the rainfall wall on the previous day we were advised to wear water proof shoes because could
land could be marshy. Buses left the campus gate at 10:45 am. Due to marshy land it was difficult for the
busses to reach the site. We visited two sites that day. Both of them were situated near the Khanpur Dam.

First site was situated in the village near the Khanpur Dam named Dhok Khurram. Site was installed with
the modern drip irrigation installation. Basically there are two major classification of the irrigation
system.

1. Surface Irrigation system


2. Sub surface Irrigation system

Difference between both methods is that in surface irrigation the water is applied directly to the land from
the canal or any source of water but in the sub surface irrigation water is applied directly to the roots
zones of the plants. Our trip site, the drip irrigation method is classified as the sub surface irrigation
system.

We were warmly welcomed at the site by the site staff. All students were divided into two groups and
each group was associated with the instructor from the field staff. Components of drip irrigation was first
introduced to us. Following are the main components we visited in the drip irrigation system.

1. Control office
2. Head water tank
3. Pumps
4. Solar system
5. Head unit (filter, fertilizer tank, and pressure regulators)
6. Main lines
7. Lateral lines
8. Green house for crops
9. Emitters
Working of the drip irrigation is very simple. Ground water is pumped from the ground with help of the
pump. Pumped was supplied electricity by the solar panels installed because it the cheap source of the
electricity moreover Government of Pakistan is giving 80 percent subsidy on the installation on the solar
system for such purposes. Because it save a lot of electric power.

Solar panels providing electricity for pump


Solar panel installations

Overall 70 percent subsidy is given by the government on installation of the drip irrigations system.
Because it saves a lot of water from the evaporation and the percolation losses. Water pumped from the
ground is stored in the head water tank. Water stored in the head water tank is then processed through the
head unit where particles like debris, silt and sand is removed by filters which is installed in the head
tank.

Pressure gauges and liquid fertilizer


Fertilizers in the liquid late is add in the water supplied to the plants. Liquid state fertilizer is economical
than that of others.

Inlet of liquid fertilizer

When the filter is blocked with the sand or any other particle it shows the change in the difference in the
pressure meters installed in the head unit. When there is blockage in the filter, pressure of the water in the
both meters changes and thus indicates the blockage.

Filter
Water after processing through the head unit is supplied from the mail water pipe line. Main pipe lines
which supplies water to the green house is buried in the ground for the protection. Whereas lateral pipe
lines which transfer water from main pipelines to the plants were portable.

Lateral pipes

At the end of the lateral lines to the plant end a device called emitter is installed. Emitters emits water to
the plant roots. Emitter is installed in the lateral pipe line according to distance the plants are planted. For
the protection of vegetables/crops form the rough weather, they are kept in the green house.

Water supply schedule is given in the control office and water is supplied to the plants according to that
schedule. At intersection of the greenhouse the control valve the provided to control the water.

Valve to control water supply


Flush valve was also provided in case of the blockage.

Vegetables like cucumber were planted on


that site. Another combination of basin irrigation method along with drip irrigation was seen. It was
applicable on the big plants. Out of season vegetables can also be grown on such fields. As rate of these
vegetables are higher than that of the regular ones so profit margin is high.

Other site we visited was near the UET Taxila. Similar system was adopted their but there was major
difference of altitudes between both fields. Water was provided to olive plants and other plants on the hill.
Water tank was on the hill top and water then provided to the plants after processing.

Head water tank on hill top

Benefit of such systems are that we can reduce the water losses by evaporation and percolation. Less
labor is required in this method which reduces the cost. In case of damage of the lateral pipe line we can
replace it and also can wash it. Price of lateral pipe is very low. Each emitter is can be changed if it is
blocked. Life of these installations are almost equal to the crop period of each crop after that it can be
treated or replaced.

I on the behalf of all students want to thank Engineer Ubaid and COMSATS for arranging such an
informative trip for us. I also want to thank Engineer Irum Javeed for her efforts for arranging such a
magnificent trip.

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