Chapter-1: Signal Analysis

1. Signals whose values are completely specified for any given time are [ ]
a) even b) odd c) deterministic d) random
2. Two signals 𝑓1 (𝑡) and 𝑓2 (𝑡) are said to be orthogonal if [ ]
𝑡2 𝑡2 𝑡2
a) ∫𝑡 𝑓1 (𝑡)𝑓2 (𝑡) = 1 b) ∫𝑡 𝑓1 (𝑡)𝑓2 (𝑡) = 0 c) ∫𝑡 𝑓1 (𝑡)𝑓2 (𝑡) = ∞ d) none
1 1 1
3. If a signal depends on only one independent variable, then it is [ ]
a) one dimensional b) two dimensional c) three dimensional d) all
4. A signal represented by a mathematical expression is a/an [ ]
a) random signal b) deterministic signal c) periodic signal d) noise
5. The process of folding a signal about the origin (𝑡 = 0) is [ ]
a) time scaling b) time shifting c) time reversal d) time delay
6. If 𝑥(𝑡) is an even signal, then 𝑥(−𝑡)∀𝑡 is [ ]
a) 𝑥(𝑡) b) 𝑥(−𝑡) c) −𝑥(𝑡) d) −𝑥(−𝑡)
7. If 𝑥(𝑡) is an odd signal, then 𝑥(−𝑡)∀𝑡 is [ ]
a) 𝑥(𝑡) b) 𝑥(−𝑡) c) −𝑥(𝑡) d) −𝑥(−𝑡)
8. The energy (E) and power (P) of an energy signal are [ ]
a) finite, zero b) zero, infinity c) finite, infinity d) zero, finite
9. The energy (E) and power (P) of a power signal are [ ]
a) finite, zero b) zero, infinity c) finite, infinity d) zero, finite
10. A signal that cannot be represented by a mathematical expression is a/an [ ]
a) random signal b) deterministic signal c) periodic signal d) noise
11. For the sum of two periodic signals to be periodic, the ratio of their periods must be
a/an [ ]
a) integer b) rational number c) irrational d) one
12. If a parabolic function is differentiated twice, the resulting signal is [ ]
a) ramp b) impulse c) unit step d) triangular
13. Graphical representation of signal is time domain is called [ ]
a) waveform b) frequency c) frequency spectrum d) graph
14. Graphical representation of signal is time domain is called [ ]
a) waveform b) frequency c) frequency spectrum d) graph
15. 𝑢(𝑡 − 𝑎) = 0 if [ ]
a) 𝑡 − 𝑎 = 0 b) 𝑡 − 𝑎 > 0 c) 𝑡 − 𝑎 < 0 d) 𝑡 − 𝑎 ≥ 0
16. An analogue signal can be converted to discrete-time signal by [ ]
a) sampling b) quantizing c) coding d) shifting
17. 𝑡 𝛿(𝑡) = [ ]
a) t b) 0 c) 1 d) -1
18. A vector has [ ]
a) both magnitude and dimension b) magnitude c) dimension d) b & c
19. A mathematical model of a physical process that relates the input signal to the
output signal is [ ]
a) complex signal b) feedback signal c) system d) communication
20. Which of the following is a memory system [ ]
a) resistor b) capacitor c) inductor d) transformer
Chapter-2: Fourier series and Fourier Transforms

1. A periodic signal 𝑥(𝑡) has Fourier series only when [ ]

a) 𝑥(𝑡) is absolutely integrable b) 𝑥(𝑡) has finite maxima and minima
c) 𝑥(𝑡) has finite number of discontinuities d) all
2. Fourier series applies to only if a signal is [ ]
a) random b) deterministic c) periodic d) even
3. The Fourier series expansion of an even periodic function has [ ]
a) cosine terms b) constant c) sine terms d) a & b
4. The Fourier series expansion of an odd periodic function has [ ]
a) cosine terms b) constant c) sine terms d) a & b
5. A trigonometric Fourier series has [ ]
a) one-sided spectrum b) two-sided spectrum c) a & b d) none
6. An exponential Fourier series has [ ]
a) one-sided spectrum b) two-sided spectrum c) a & b d) none
7. The most widely used Fourier series is [ ]
a) trigonometric b) exponential c) harmonic d) none
8. For the existence of Fourier series, Dirichlet’s conditions are [ ]
a) necessary b) sufficient c) a & b d) none
9. Fourier transform of 𝑥(𝑡 − 𝑡0 ) is [ ]
−𝑗𝜔𝑡0 −𝑗𝜔𝑡0
a) 𝑗𝜔𝑋(𝜔) b) −𝑗𝜔𝑋(𝜔) c) 𝑒 𝑋(𝜔) d) −𝑒 𝑋(𝜔)
10. −𝑗𝜔𝑜 𝑡
Fourier transform of 𝑒 𝑥(𝑡) is [ ]
−𝑗𝜔𝑡0
a) 𝑗𝜔𝑋(𝜔) b) −𝑗𝜔𝑋(𝜔) c) 𝑒 𝑋(𝜔) d) 𝑋(𝜔 − 𝜔0 )
11. Fourier transform of 𝑥(𝑎𝑡) is [ ]
1 1 1 𝜔 1 𝜔
a) 𝑋(𝜔) b) |𝑎| 𝑋(𝜔) c) 𝑋( ) d) |𝑎| 𝑋( )
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
12. Fourier transform of 𝑥(−𝑡) is [ ]
a) 𝑋(𝜔) b) 𝑋(−𝜔) c) −𝑋(𝜔) d) −𝑋(−𝜔)
13. 𝑑𝑥(𝑡)
Fourier transform of 𝑑𝑡 is [ ]
a) 𝑋(𝜔) b) −𝑗𝑋(𝜔) c) −𝑗𝜔𝑋(𝜔) d) 𝑗𝜔𝑋(𝜔)
14. Fourier transform of 𝑥1 (𝑡) ∗ 𝑥2 (𝑡) is [ ]
a) 𝑋1 (𝜔)𝑋2 (𝜔) b) 𝑋1 (𝜔) ∗ 𝑋2 (𝜔) c) 𝑋1 (𝜔)/𝑋2 (𝜔) d) 𝑋2 (𝜔)/𝑋1 (𝜔)
15. Fourier transform of 𝛿(𝑡) is [ ]
a) 1 b) 𝜔 c) 𝑗𝜔 d) 0
16. Fourier transform of 1 is [ ]
a) 0 b) 𝛿(𝜔) c) 2𝜋𝛿(𝜔) d) 1
17. Fourier transform of 𝑥1 (𝑡) 𝑥2 (𝑡) is [ ]
1 1
a) 𝑋1 (𝜔)𝑋2 (𝜔) b) 𝑋1 (𝜔) ∗ 𝑋2 (𝜔) c) 2𝜋 𝑋1 (𝜔) ∗ 𝑋2 (𝜔) d) 2𝜋 𝑋1 (𝜔) 𝑋2 (𝜔)
18. 𝑑𝑋(𝜔)
Inverse transform of is [ ]
𝑑𝜔
𝑡
a) – 𝑗𝑡𝑥(𝑡) b) 𝑗𝑡𝑥(𝑡) c) – 𝑗 𝑥(𝑡) d) – 𝑗𝑥(𝑡)
19. Fourier transform of 𝑠𝑔𝑛(𝑡) is [ ]
a) 1 b) 𝑗𝜔 c) 2/𝑗𝜔 d) 𝑗𝜔/2
20. Fourier transform of 𝑋(𝑡) is [ ]
a) 𝑋(𝜔) b) 𝑥(𝜔) c) 2𝜋𝑥(𝜔) d) 2𝜋𝑥(−𝜔)
Chapter-3: Signal Transmission through Linear Systems

1. An LTI system characteristics are determined by its [ ]

a) impulse response b) unit step response c) frequency response d) all
2. If ℎ(𝑡) = 0 for 𝑡 < 0, the system is a/an [ ]
a) LTI b) LTV c) causal d) non causal
3. If ℎ(𝑡) ≠ 0 for 𝑡 < 0, the system is a/an [ ]
a) LTI b) LTV c) causal d) non causal
4. For a continuous time LTI system to be BIBO, its ___ must be absolutely integrable
[ ]
a) impulse response b) unit step response c) frequency response d) all
5. The unit step response of a continuous-time LTI system is the--------------- of its unit
impulse response [ ]
a) integral b) differential c) running integral d) running differential
6. Initial condition to define transfer function is [ ]
a) finite b) infinite c) bounded d) zero
7. Which of the following is a frequency selective network [ ]
a) rectifier b) regulator c) filter d) all
8. For distortion less transmission the magnitude |𝐻(𝜔)| must be [ ]
a) finite b) infinite c) linear d) constant
9. For distortion less transmission the phase |∅(𝜔)| must be [ ]
a) finite b) infinite c) linear d) constant
10. For distortion less transmission bandwidth of the system must be [ ]
a) finite b) infinite c) linear d) constant
11. The range of positive frequencies in which most of the energy or power of the signal
lies is [ ]
a) frequency spectrum b) phase spectrum c) cut-off frequency d) bandwidth
12. A signal 𝑥(𝑡) is called a band-limited if [ ]
a) |𝑋(𝜔)| = 0 |𝜔| > 𝜔𝑚 b) |𝑋(𝜔)| = 0 |𝜔| < 𝜔𝑚
c) |𝑋(𝜔)| =0 |𝜔| =0 d) |𝑋(𝜔)| = 0 |𝜔| ≠ 𝜔𝑚
13. The output 𝑦(𝑡) of a memoryless causal system with input 𝑥(𝑡) is [ ]
𝑥(𝑡)
a) 𝐾𝑥(𝑡) b) c) 𝑡𝑥(𝑡) d) 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜
𝑡
𝑡
14. The convolution of 𝑥(𝑡) and ℎ(𝑡) is 𝑦(𝑡) = ∫0 𝑥(𝜏)ℎ(𝑡 − 𝜏)𝑑𝜏. Then 𝑥(𝑡) and ℎ(𝑡)
are [ ]
a) both causal b) both non causal c) causal, non causal d) non causal, causal
15. The frequency domain criterion for physical realizability is [ ]
a) Paley Weiner b) Parseval’s c) Dirichlet’s d) Fourier
16. A LPF has [ ]
a) 1 pass band, 1 stop band b) 2 pass bands, 2 stop bands
c) 1 pass band 2 stop bands d) 2 pass bands and 1 stop band
17. A HPF has [ ]
a) 1 pass band, 1 stop band b) 2 pass bands, 2 stop bands
c) 1 pass band 2 stop bands d) 2 pass bands and 1 stop band
18. A BPF has [ ]
a) 1 pass band, 1 stop band b) 2 pass bands, 2 stop bands
c) 1 pass band 2 stop bands d) 2 pass bands and 1 stop band
19. A BSF has [ ]
a) 1 pass band, 1 stop band b) 2 pass bands, 2 stop bands
c) 1 pass band 2 stop bands d) 2 pass bands and 1 stop band
20. The relation between bandwidth 𝐵 and rise time 𝑡𝑟 is [ ]
𝑡𝑟
a) 𝐵 × 𝑡𝑟 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 b) 𝐵 = 𝑡𝑟 c) 𝐵 = 2𝑡𝑟 d) 𝐵 = 2
Chapter-4: Laplace and Z- Transforms

1. The no. of poles in the ROC of the LT is [ ]

a) 2 b) 1 c) 0 d) infinite
2. The range of values of the complex variables 𝑠 for which the LT converges is called
[ ]
a) ROC b) frequency spectrum c) bandwidth d) cut off frequency
3. The variable 𝑠 is v [ ]
a) real b) imaginary c) complex d) none
4. Laplace transform of 𝛿(𝑡) [ ]
2
a) 0 b) 1 c) s d) 𝑠
5. Laplace transform of 𝑢(𝑡) [ ]
1 1
a) 0 b) 1/𝑠 𝑅𝑒{𝑠} < 0 c) 𝑠 𝑅𝑒{𝑠} > 0 d) 𝑠2 𝑅𝑒{𝑠} < 0
6. Laplace transform of −𝑢(−𝑡) [ ]
1 1
a) 0 b) 1/𝑠 𝑅𝑒{𝑠} < 0 c) 𝑠 𝑅𝑒{𝑠} > 0 d) 𝑠2 𝑅𝑒{𝑠} < 0
7. Laplace transform of 𝑡𝑢(𝑡) [ ]
1 1
a) 0 b) 1/𝑠 𝑅𝑒{𝑠} < 0 c) 𝑠 𝑅𝑒{𝑠} > 0 d) 𝑠2 𝑅𝑒{𝑠} > 0
8. Laplace transform of 𝑥(−𝑡) is [ ]
a) 𝑋(𝑠) b) 𝑋(−𝑠) c) −𝑋(𝑠) d) −𝑠𝑋(𝑠)
9. Laplace transform of 𝑥(𝑡 − 𝑡0 ) is [ ]
−𝑠𝑡0 −𝑠𝑡0
a) 𝑠𝑋(𝑠) b) −𝑠𝑋(𝑠) c) 𝑒 𝑋(𝑠) d) −𝑒 𝑋(𝑠)
10. 𝑑𝑋(𝑠)
Inverse Laplace transform of is [ ]
𝑑𝑠
a) 𝑡𝑥(𝑡) b) −𝑡𝑥(𝑡) c) 𝑡𝑥(−𝑡) d) −𝑡𝑥(−𝑡)
11. Which of the following transforms is discrete-time transform [ ]
a) Fourier b) Laplace c) z d) all
12. The no. of poles in the ROC of the ZT is [ ]
a) 2 b) 1 c) 0 d) infinite
13. Z- transform of 𝛿[𝑛] is [ ]
a) 1 ∀ 𝑧 b) 1, 𝑧 > 0 c) 1, 𝑧 < 0 d) 1, 𝑧 = 0
14. z- transform of 𝑢[𝑛] [ ]
1 𝑧 𝑧
a) 0 b) 𝑧 , 𝑧 < 0 c) 𝑧−1 |𝑧| > 0 d) 𝑧−1 |𝑧| > 1
15. z- transform of 𝑥[−𝑛] [ ]
a) 𝑋(𝑧) b) X(−𝑋(𝑧) c) 𝑋(−𝑧) d) 𝑋(1/𝑧)
16. z- transform of 𝑛𝑥[𝑛] [ ]
a) 𝑧 𝑑𝑋(𝑧)/𝑑𝑧 b) −𝑧 𝑑𝑋(𝑧)/𝑑𝑧 c) 𝑑𝑋(𝑧)/𝑑𝑧 d) −𝑑𝑋(𝑧)/𝑑𝑧
17. For a causal discrete-time LTI system [ ]
a) ℎ[𝑛] < 0 b) ℎ[𝑛] = 0 c) ℎ[𝑛] > 0 d) none
18. Which of the following is equivalent to unilateral z-transform of 𝑥[𝑛] [ ]
a) 𝑥[𝑛]𝑢[𝑛] b) 𝑥[𝑛]𝑢[−𝑛] c) 𝑥[−𝑛]𝑢[𝑛] d) 𝑥[−𝑛]𝑢[−𝑛]
19. Inverse transform of 𝑋1 [𝑧]𝑋2 [𝑧] is [ ]
a) 𝑥1 [𝑛]𝑥2 [𝑛] b) 𝑥1 [𝑛]/𝑥2 [𝑛] c) 𝑥1 [𝑛] ∗ 𝑥2 [𝑛] d) 𝑥1 [𝑛]+𝑥2 [𝑛]
20. In z-transform, the variable z is [ ]
a) real b) imaginary c) complex d) none
Chapter-5: Sampling Theorem and Correlation

1. Correlation of signals is a measure of [ ]

a) quality b) similarity c) noise d) none
2. The cross correlation of two orthogonal signals is [ ]
a) zero b) one c) infinity d) very high
3. For signal recovery at the receiver, the relation between 𝑓𝑚 and 𝑓𝑠 is [ ]
a) 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑚 b) 𝑓𝑠 < 𝑓𝑚 c) 𝑓𝑠 ≥ 𝑓𝑚 d) 𝑓𝑠 ≥ 2𝑓𝑚
4. A band pass signal extending from 5kHz to 15kHz. What is the minimum sampling
rate [ ]
a) 5kHz b) 7.5kHz c) 10kHz d) 12.5kHz
5. Flat-top sampling leads to [ ]
a) aliasing b) cross-over distortion c) aperture effect d) loss of resolution
6. The auto-correlation function at the origin gives [ ]
a) average power b) energy c) amplitude d) frequency
7. Correlation of two signal in time-domain is equivalent to ___ in frequency domain
[ ]
a) addition b) subtraction c) multiplication d) division
8. The spectral density of white noise is [ ]
a) exponential b) uniform c) Poisson d) Gaussian
9. The distribution of energy of a signal in frequency domain is [ ]
a) frequency spectrum b) power density spectrum
c) energy density spectrum d) phase spectrum
10. The output of sample & hold circuit during sampling time is [ ]
a) zero b) signal itself c) maximum d) constant
11. By increasing sampling frequency, the bandwidth requirement of the transmission
medium [ ]
a) remains same b) increases c) decreases d) none
12. If the LSB overlaps the basebands, the distortion is [ ]
a) cross-over b) aliasing c) aliasing d) all
13. Guard band exists when [ ]
a) 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑚 b) 𝑓𝑠 < 𝑓𝑚 c) 𝑓𝑠 > 2𝑓𝑚 d) 𝑓𝑠 ≥ 2𝑓𝑚
14. If a function consists of a frequency band from 0 to B Hz, then the minimum
sampling rate necessary is [ ]
a) B/2 b) B c) 2B d) 4B
15. Signal in general applications are of ____ type [ ]
a) continuous b) discrete c) digital d) b & c
16. Nyquist rate of the signal 𝑥(𝑡) = 3 cos(50𝜋𝑡) + 10 sin(300𝜋𝑡) − cos(100𝜋𝑡)
[ ]
a) 50Hz b) 100Hz c) 200Hz d) 300Hz
17. Nyquist rate of the signal 𝑥(𝑡) = 5 sin(200𝜋𝑡) + 8 cos(500𝜋𝑡) [ ]
a) 200Hz b) 500Hz c) 700Hz d) 300Hz
18. A low-frequency aliasing in the recovered signal is the cause of [ ]
a) under sampling b) over sampling c) noise d) lower bandwidth
19. Aliasing occurs when [ ]
a) 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑚 b) 𝑓𝑠 < 2𝑓𝑚 c) 𝑓𝑠 > 2𝑓𝑚 d) 𝑓𝑠 ≥ 2𝑓𝑚
20. In z-transform, the variable z is [ ]
a) real b) imaginary c) complex d) none