Geometry Problems from Central American and Caribbean Mathematical Olympiads

1999-2017 [with aops links]

CentroAmerican 1999.4
ABCD is a trapezoid with AB parallel to CD. M is the midpoint of AD, ∠MCB = 150o, BC = x and
MC = y. Find area ABCD in terms of x and y.

CentroAmerican 2000.3
ABCDE is a convex pentagon. Show that the centroids of the 4 triangles ABE, BCE, CDE, DAE
from a parallelogram with whose area is 2/9 area ABCD.

CentroAmerican 2000.5
ABC is acute-angled. The circle diameter AC meets AB again at F, and the circle diameter AB meets
AC again at E. BE meets the circle diameter AC at P, and CF meets the circle diameter AB at Q.
Show that AP = AQ.

CentroAmerican 2001.2
C and D are points on the circle diameter AB such that ∠AQB = 2∠COD. The tangents at C and D
meet at P. The circle has radius 1. Find the distance of P from its center.

CentroAmerican 2002.2
ABC is acute-angled. AD and BE are altitudes. SBDE ≤ SDEA ≤ SEAB ≤ SABD. Show that the triangle is
isosceles.

CentroAmerican 2002.4
ABC is a triangle. D is the midpoint of BC. E is a point on the side AC such that BE = 2AD. BE and
AD meet at F and ∠FAE = 60o. Find ∠FEA.

CentroAmerican 2003.2
AB is a diameter of a circle. C and D are points on the tangent at B on opposite sides of B. AC, AD
meet the circle again at E, F respectively. CF, DE meet the circle again at G, H respectively. Show
that AG = AH.

CentroAmerican 2003.4
Two circles meet at P and Q. A line through P meets the circles again at A and A'. A parallel line
through Q meets the circles again at B and B'. Show that PBB' and QAA' have equal perimeters.

CentroAmerican 2004.3
ABC is a triangle, and E and F are points on the segments BC and CA respectively, such that
CE / CB + CF/ CA = 1 and ∠CEF =∠CAB. Suppose that M is the midpoint of EF and G is the point
of intersection between CM and AB. Prove that triangle FEG is similar to triangle ABC.

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 Geometry Problems from Central American and Caribbean Mathematical Olympiads

CentroAmerican 2004.5
Let ABCD be a trapezium such that AB || CD and AB +CD = AD. Let P be the point on AD such that
AP = AB and PD = CD.
a) Prove that ∠BPC = 90o.
b) Q is the midpoint of BC and R is the point of intersection between the line AD and the circle
passing through the points B,A and Q. Show that the points B, P,R and C are concyclic.

CentroAmerican 2005.3
Let ABC be a triangle. P, Q and R are the points of contact of the incircle with sides AB, BC and CA,
respectively. Let L, M and N be the feet of the altitudes of the triangle PQR from R, P and Q,
respectively.
a) Show that the lines AN, BL and CM meet at a point.
b) Prove that this points belongs to the line joining the orthocenter and the circumcenter of triangle
PQR.
Aarn Ramrez, El Salvador
CentroAmerican 2005.5
Let ABC be a triangle, H the orthocenter and M the midpoint of AC. Let ℓ be the parallel through M
to the bisector of ∠AHC. Prove that ℓ divides the triangle in two parts of equal perimeters.

Pedro Marrone, Panam

CentroAmerican 2006.2
Let Γ and Γ΄ be two congruent circles centered at O and O΄, respectively, and let A be one of their
two points of intersection. B is a point on Γ, C is the second point of intersection of AB and Γ΄, and D
is a point on Γ΄ such that OBDO΄ is a parallelogram. Show that the length of CD does not depend on
the position of B.

CentroAmerican 2006.6
Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral. I = AC  BD, and E, H, F and G are points on AB, BC, CD and
DA respectively, such that EF  GH = I. If M = EG AC, N = HF  AC, show that
AM / IM · IN / CN = IA / IC .
.
CentroAmerican 2007.2
In a triangle ABC, the angle bisector of A and the cevians BD and CE concur at a point P inside the
triangle. Show that the quadrilateral ADPE has an incircle if and only if AB = AC.

CentroAmerican 2007.6
Consider a circle S, and a point P outside it. The tangent lines from P meet S at A and B, respectively.
Let M be the midpoint of AB. The perpendicular bisector of AM meets S in a point C lying inside the
triangle ABP. AC intersects PM at G, and PM meets S in a point D lying outside the triangle ABP. If
BD is parallel to AC, show that G is the centroid of the triangle ABP.
Arnoldo Aguilar (El Salvador)
CentroAmerican 2008.2
Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral inscribed in a circumference centered at O such that AC is a
diameter. Parallelograms DAOE and BCOF are constructed. Show that if E and F lie on the
circumference then ABCD is a rectangle.

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 Geometry Problems from Central American and Caribbean Mathematical Olympiads

CentroAmerican 2008.6
Let ABC be an acute triangle. Take points P and Q inside AB and AC, respectively, such that BPQC
is cyclic. The circumcircle of ABQ intersects BC again in S and the circumcircle of APC intersects
BC again in R, PR and QS intersect again in L. Prove that the intersection of AL and BC does not
depend on the selection of P and Q.

CentroAmerican 2009.2
Two circles Γ1 and Γ2 intersect at points A and B. Consider a circle Γ contained in Γ1 and Γ2, which
is tangent to both of them at D and E respectively. Let C be one of the intersection points of line AB
with Γ, F be the intersection of line EC with Γ2and G be the intersection of line DC with Γ1. Let H
and I be the intersection points of line ED with Γ1 and Γ2respectively. Prove that F, G, H and I are
on the same circle.

CentroAmerican 2009.5
Given an acute and scalene triangle ABC, let H be its orthocenter, O its circumcenter, E and F the
feet of the altitudes drawn from B and C, respectively. Line AO intersects the circumcircle of the
triangle again at point G and segments FE and BC at points X and Y respectively. Let Z be the
point of intersection of line AH and the tangent line to the circumcircle at G. Prove that HX is
parallel to YZ.

CentroAmerican 2010.2
Let ABC be a triangle and L, M, N be the midpoints of BC, CA and AB, respectively. The tangent to
the circumcircle of ABC at A intersects LM and LN at P and Q, respectively. Show that CP is parallel
to BQ.

CentroAmerican 2010.6
Let Γ and Γ1 be two circles internally tangent at A, with centers O and O1 and radii r and r1,
respectively (r > r1). B is a point diametrically opposed to A in Γ, and C is a point on Γ such that BC
is tangent to Γ1 at P. Let A′ the midpoint of BC. Given that O1A′ is parallel to AP, find the ratio r / r1.

CentroAmerican 2011.2
In a scalene triangle ABC, D is the foot of the altitude through A, E is the intersection of AC with the
bisector of ∠ABC and F is a point on AB. Let O the circumcenter of ABC and X = AD  BE, Y =
BE  CF, Z = CF  AD. If XYZ is an equilateral triangle, prove that one of the triangles OXY , OY
Z, OZX must be equilateral.

CentroAmerican 2011.6
Let ABC be an acute triangle and D, E, F be the feet of the altitudes through A, B, C respectively.
Call Y and Z the feet of the perpendicular lines from B and C to FD and DE, respectively. Let F1 be
the symmetric of F with respect to E and E1 be the symmetric of E with respect to F. If 3EF = FD +
DE, prove that ∠BZF1 = ∠CY E1.

CentroAmerican 2012.2
Let γ be the circumcircle of the acute triangle ABC. Let P be the midpoint of the minor arc BC. The
parallel to AB through P cuts BC,AC and γ at points R, S and T, respectively. Let K ≡ AP  BT and
L ≡ BS  AR. Show that KL passes through the midpoint of AB if and only if CS = PR.

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 Geometry Problems from Central American and Caribbean Mathematical Olympiads

CentroAmerican 2012.6
Let ABC be a triangle with AB < BC, and let E and F be points in AC and AB such that BF = BC =
CE, both on the same halfplane as A with respect to BC. Let G be the intersection of BE and CF. Let
H be a point in the parallel through G to AC such that HG = AF (with H and C in opposite halfplanes
with respect to BG). Show that ∠EHG = ∠BAC / 2 .

CentroAmerican 2013.3
Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral and let M be the midpoint of side AB. The circle passing
through D and tangent to AB at A intersects the segment DM at E. The circle passing through C and
tangent to AB at B intersects the segment CM at F. Suppose that the lines AF and BE intersect at a
point which belongs to the perpendicular bisector of side AB. Prove that A, E, and
C are collinear if and only if B, F, and D are collinear.

CentroAmerican 2013.5
Let ABC be an acute triangle and let Γ be its circumcircle. The bisector of \A intersects BC at D, Γ at
K (different from A), and the line through B tangent to Γ at X. Show that K is the midpoint of AX if
and only if AD / DC = √2.

CentroAmerican 2014.2
Let ABCD be a trapezoid with bases AB and CD, inscribed in a circle of center O. Let P be the
intersection of the lines BC and AD. A circle through O and P intersects the segments BC and AD at
interior points F and G, respectively. Show that BF = DG.

CentroAmerican 2014.5
Points A, B, C and D are chosen on a line in that order, with AB and CD greater than BC. Equilateral
triangles APB, BCQ and CDR are constructed so that P, Q and R are on the same side with respect to
AD. If ∠PQR = 120o, show that 1 / AB +1 / CD = 1 / BC
.
CentroAmerican 2015.3
Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral with AB < CD, and let P be the point of intersection of the lines
AD and BC. The circumcircle of the triangle PCD intersects the line AB at the points Q and R. Let S
and T be the points where the tangents from P to the circumcircle of ABCD touch that circle.
(a) Prove that PQ = PR.
(b) Prove that QRST is a cyclic quadrilateral.

CentroAmerican 2015.5
Let ABC be a triangle such that AC = 2AB. Let D be the point of intersection of the angle bisector of
the angle CAB with BC. Let F be the point of intersection of the line parallel to AB passing through
C with the perpendicular line to AD passing through A. Prove that FD passes through the midpoint of
AC.

CentroAmerican 2016.2
Let ABC be an acute-angled triangle, Γ its circumcircle and M the midpoint of BC. Let N be a point
in the arc BC of Γ not containing A such that ∠NAC = ∠BAM. Let R be the midpoint of AM, S the
midpoint of AN and T the foot of the altitude through A. Prove that R, S and T are collinear.

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 Geometry Problems from Central American and Caribbean Mathematical Olympiads

CentroAmerican 2016.6
Let △ABC be triangle with incenter I and circumcircle Γ. Let M = BI ∩ Γ and N = CI ∩ Γ, the line
parallel to MN through I cuts AB, AC in P and Q. Prove that the circumradius of BNP and CMQ are
equal.

CentroAmerican 2017.3
Given a triangle ABC, let D be the foot of the altitude from A, and l be the line through the midpoints
of AC and BC. Let E be the reflection of point D with respect to l. Show that the circumcentre of the
triangle ABC lies on the line AE.

CentroAmerican 2017.4
Let ABC be a triangle with a right angle at B. Let B΄ be the reflection of B with respect to the line
AC, and M be the midpoint of AC. The segment BM is extended beyond M to a point D such that BD
= AC. Show that B΄ C is the bisector of ∠MB΄D.

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