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Balancing Redox Reactions Worksheet: Acid Solutions

The document outlines the steps to balance redox equations in acidic and basic solutions. It provides examples of balancing equations for several redox reactions in acidic medium and explains that for basic solutions, hydroxide ions are added to remove hydrogen ions before balancing the equation.

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Raphael Castillo
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
509 views

Balancing Redox Reactions Worksheet: Acid Solutions

The document outlines the steps to balance redox equations in acidic and basic solutions. It provides examples of balancing equations for several redox reactions in acidic medium and explains that for basic solutions, hydroxide ions are added to remove hydrogen ions before balancing the equation.

Uploaded by

Raphael Castillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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As a summary, here are the steps to follow to balance a redox equation in acidic

medium (step 5 is only for a basic solutions):

1. Divide the equation into an oxidation half-reaction and a reduction


half-reaction
2. Balance these
o Balance the elements other than H and O
o Balance the O by adding H2O
o Balance the H by adding H+
o Balance the charge by adding e-
3. Multiply each half-reaction by an integer such that the number of e-
lost in one equals the number gained in the other
4. Combine the half-reactions and cancel
5. If a basic solution: Add OH- to each side until all H+ is gone and
then cancel again.

Balancing Redox Reactions Worksheet

Acid Solutions

Mn 2+ + BiO3 - ===> MnO4 - + Bi 3+

2 (4 H2O + Mn 2+ ===> MnO4 - + 8 H + 5 e)


5 ( 2 e + 6 H + + BiO3 - ===> Bi 3+ + 3 H2O)
14 H + + 2 Mn 2+ + 5 BiO3 - ===> 2 MnO4 - + 5 Bi 3+ + 7 H2O

MnO4 - + S2O3 2- ===> S4O6 2- + Mn 2+

2 (5 e + 8 H + + MnO4 - ===> Mn 2+ + 4 H2O)


5 (2 S2O3 2- ===> S4O6 2- + 2 e)
16 H + + 2 MnO4 - + 10 S2O3 2- ===> 2 Mn 2+ + 8 H2O + 5 S4O6 2-

ClO3 - + Cl - ===> Cl2 + ClO2

2 (e + 2 H + + ClO3 - ===> ClO2 + H2O)


2 Cl - ===> Cl2 + 2 e)
4 H + + 2 ClO3 - + 2 Cl - ===> 2 ClO2 + 2 H2O + Cl2

P + Cu 2+ ===> Cu + H2PO4 -

2 (4 H2O + P ===> H2PO4 - + 6 H + + 5 e)


5 (2 e + Cu 2+ ===> Cu)
8 H2O + 2 P + 5 Cu 2+ ===> 2 H2PO4 - + 12 H + + 5 Cu)

PH3 + I2 ===> H3PO2 - + I -

2 (2 H2O + PH3 ===> H3PO2 - + 4 H + + 3 e)


3 (2 e + I2 ===> 2 I -)
4 H2O + 2 PH3 + 3 I2 ===> 2 H3PO2 - + 8 H + + 6 I -

NO2 ===> NO3 - + NO

2 H2O + 2 NO2 ===> 2 NO3 - + 4 H + + 2 e


2 e + 2 H + + NO2 ===> NO + H2O
H2O + 3 NO2 ===> 2 NO3 - + NO + 2 H +

Basic Solutions

MnO4 - + C2O4 2- ===> MnO2 + CO2

2 (3 e + 4 H + + MnO4 - ===> MnO2 + 2 H2O)


3 (C2O4 2- ===> 2 CO2 + 2 e)
4 H2O + 2 MnO4 - + 3 C2O4 2- ===> 2 MnO2 + 8 OH - + 6 CO2

ClO2 ===> ClO2 - + ClO3 -

e + ClO2 ===> ClO2 -


H2O + ClO2 ===> ClO3 - + 2 H + + e
2 OH - + 2 ClO2 ===> ClO2 - + ClO3 - + H2O

Cu(NH3)4 2+ + S2O4 2-===> SO3 2- + Cu + NH3

2 e + Cu(NH3)4 2+ ===> Cu + 4 NH3


2 H2O + S2O4 2- ===> 2 SO3 2- + 4 H + + 2 e
Cu(NH3)4 2+ + S2O4 2- + 4 OH -
===> Cu + 4 NH3 + 2 SO3 2- + 2 H2O

Zn + NO3 - ===> Zn(OH)4 2- + NH3

8 e + 9 H + + NO3 - ===> NH3 + 3 H2O


4 (4 H2O + Zn ===> Zn(OH)4 2- + 4 H + + 2 e
6 H2O + NO3 - + 7 OH - + 4 Zn ===> NH3 + 4 Zn(OH)4 2-

Al + OH - ===> AlO2 - + H2

2 (2 H2O + Al ===> AlO2 - + 4 H + + 3 e)


3 (2 e + 3 H + + OH - ===> H2 + H2O)
2 Al + 2 H2O + 2 OH - ===> 2 AlO2 - + 3 H2

Zn ===> Zn(OH)4 2- + H2

4 H2O + Zn ===> Zn(OH)4 2- + 4 H + + 2 e


2 e + 2 H2O ===> H2 + 2 OH -
2 OH - + Zn + 2 H2O ===> Zn(OH)4 2- + H2

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