0% found this document useful (0 votes)
1K views

CBNST Notes PDF

This document describes numerical and statistical techniques for solving equations and systems of equations. It presents two methods: the first uses basic algebra to solve a single equation for one unknown variable. The second method iteratively finds better approximations of the solution through repeated calculations, starting with an initial guess and updating the guess until the value converges. Examples are provided to demonstrate both methods in solving specific equations.

Uploaded by

Kamlesh Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
1K views

CBNST Notes PDF

This document describes numerical and statistical techniques for solving equations and systems of equations. It presents two methods: the first uses basic algebra to solve a single equation for one unknown variable. The second method iteratively finds better approximations of the solution through repeated calculations, starting with an initial guess and updating the guess until the value converges. Examples are provided to demonstrate both methods in solving specific equations.

Uploaded by

Kamlesh Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 109

CcmpuTE& SAseo NUrLE(I(AL 6 STA'IlsTlcAL ImHNquEs,

c6NSr ( xrcs- saD


UNII-J
,P
!+---_
cF
nors--=--. EGUATIDN\
=:<-
jp- &!4to q ML4yrys)@L -q/'@-
o,t
+ aLru =o
Connrf"lrt ea$aild,,L
[,*L #rtt) Q't
fcri=
ea'x!-l oo +* '+
urfuru o's ar" edro,^fu cLr'rc{ a'D+ o, L 1a & l'e'W A'eryt' )t blk
fi"a{^TurL
W,*?"1
' tX {,o 'ri"'csd crnt rlavt 'L n
.t,t a .,.br.,'l**^oh.c cn' q?/*^rcfuft e

4dkii H^ o-n,ilildc,ic E@*" ul^ntr'


f{ {,. Crr,"t
.
i- AwLt cHun'lyunlliant ,LLralt ot, Iu!^n'-tr'dffi-
,

Ih, ualruc{rt }4i"{*l= c, rtu}tuiLw YDeTT"L


uo)rurl,
^t 1r.,n;fl,rn;; cilLt-,i ila'&c{rai"'
r';';ffiq
Iyi,T,^q?^t-1
t] fl^o}- "%jeJrsn.

Htr
'r{ {t*) ,b a 11.*t^"tfc, c,'hic **,Y!u! :il"eutun'at
*"Lff; -ti-o
nr.atJ,.od gn U
ffifr,'ffi;Y Y,ffitr#; .;;;ffi
\*
y: **l;,Y" * *-hff,

",,j-^
*'** ffffi fu
!.
#d AoLrffi.'^ %u*Ydut fuawtdwrfat W'fr"^
a^d fuawwetat
(r o-rnrrl

+ netl.ooi.r 11.0f *W"@Lg'c"w- ' f^ twL!n*;


-
.z -r-t I t
---+ temrdI rleu"'cl
t\ il f
I -
*-->' Neurt* e,+^.y. ftetl,.Dd
I -___ J-*et&fwe_ rn€Il^&it

---+ ni+tee,n
,/tw)ttatfuw trI G*ta^f"'A )
:-> ffi3. \Lire rvterl",r, fayL^;"to1
{&
b 6aird ior^Le Ntett,ff) P W*O*, hUu)n %?J*NW
.*
ptetlurl-l SEcnNT /tetHoD
* An' l\axttlu^ Jct t sewYf r\eil"d
kv
To clofun rnt^a a- -Mmrot q =o, t.ro vs-tlur xnavd t4, ThaLa^L
neilL il^! flsot
fcrt ff*'
1rfrcrurl.l$cr')l
A*\ * Lril+ltru
R/ EPEAT
3d )Lt: Xt - Jcr,) x
r)
{tna)
Set Xn= TL
Set IvL - 1(-v
Uurtr- Idcxrll. l^rt\&tn-0-8 u.afuI
0
+ AWtl-; * Secay,t, r4eljnoel
-(
" G[iwr,,- e* q)-rfl*^,t flCr)=,
, kL i-)"1 ;nJ;"l qfiu* o.^t- qd t o"d ur:
'Oc' d

\*L- xt - ."t)
-*td
L,'r,i rtt

$to.i)-$twi
f= 7,L,5,- , ,\
f^-d,.dr Lno*ol .*1* drlww(twC' IL ''t'Lei)
^*^l*npl\Lutu..b.n *'*
-k Cr" F f,r.,.^2 .f"tr, J.J,,-r. I"fuI 'l^try ,- %
k cL 6^, r,i#;;*r ltu ?tt' I Ltur"'a tr''tld"t&r*in't
L" { c,^.I-ire* [*r*r-?r,rt...lh*
ltf*r -

YLuu.,-loe # Wnf-^ Ao'rne L$.,rotn'o-e


l;*;l
fua firrLqL aLt--
*
n/;
W-t ancl
1-w)/L,

1ff+ t :- ,Lt _ dtxil ()r,"-w-t)

PRosL=*"

Qu l 4 -q.arl Eqt ^W
.l| ttu
#.u::: sew'tnqilt^d
5x+t=r,-tt'a 'ttn"

j,d i^-rri., Itrii*f*b^- fi"* r".ilto- %'*


$otn
:::-)
rlLo= o, lLt = L Lq ir"^)

#*,=
t, $rar,)=-I
(

, ''.p(''
Wt=o, xi'=l
LN,t-r) = t-, -3
{ {xr;=
rli+r * )(f _ *tryt.) Lru'- tt -,)

iru") fi(,N;'i)
I1c.,to[lrt-r k, =r)

x>= O'2 5.
o 25q 545
$tx") -
=
Lz = 1(y-

:00-s
TE
Go
w
$ut" )x ({r -Kr)

z5

,25
+3+s). (o )s- L)
213 +s) - t 6)
tg z- o'1 8a44 I
t)tg) = o 0142+e

f t-eeo6rn-a U-,
firo)* (t .,
)L," = ots
- - 4, r,:
dr,x0
644r 1o o*))-*'tw"', Y)
: 'n
xr+ : 0.2 o1+ 56
= -D'Dco4*c
$tx.r,)

Iteto.t&yr _h Li=+)
*ttu-xs)
lts= )t4 $tY)

z C'2llt%6 -
r-r-r\) fo'Doo qA : lo'W3j- ?}Md
Z+&),

t1,*.-r
Fiyrdald,@ oltht -yfu,x- \irtv,* o, ya{*p
f*w, dei,,,aL
hd*, toi':H f ,urta.L aa,fl'e

u '-J = l, -2_ td vCfn

0 T 2_ 3 5
;
/iq|3 t uqqs
,XL t_ 2_ 1.b6652 L4q4qal 14qw5 J'

Fu.--
f:fnd t).1
{frffi^% ttu e'pPsr""' bx+ sinx - er- o' b)N&
Lt tD L- ded*al
Anlk Wt zc , 11^'- I
frtmr)=
't , fic
t-r") : t'123
()(,- | *tw) (w"- rcr"'r)
"n'* t - -L
L $,ul- fiu,"-,)
Tte-m1fril?-1 Li= r)

\r- ,xo z,) ,r, -


r JLtr,)
"ft,r)_Jtm)
t

5'-' b /

Z i _f U eq [r-o) I
+L@J
XL'=- , q? 1

D, )-6 5.

ftuofiin-z t o \ 'Ucc
t=2),

t3 = 'x,z -[ dc rr) (tr-2,)l


L $. t ,) * ('x') J
= "4+L @"r a) t++t -t)
L fo ze s) - Q tta)
kJ - "3o8.
Ir, =--cJ3h
T1eiqffr"-r Li= 5)
[ /rt rr) ( o(a- x,)
\r, = )tg -
LFil{,
[ .,'-,
o.150 * "4Vr
z "3o&- k t.5n8
- b.ljt{ - O,2c5.
?L-t+ = O" \Lb
U

fteaaG^,r-4 Lr-u)

1r5= xq-
l
=- o 5s&f ( oo0l'ser- '4"-R) I
L "Doa-F'tgt4) )
- 0"be3 - 0
b - C'5,6 3
An fulu t *t %Lf^t e4yst'a* = c"sL @
tt v)-x-La"={3r
%nU Wrn
QU Find tt^!, Jtnot LaexcL
',ttu!-Loleclma,t
flt^*
Y #*'='rttr-'I--1o=o'
'X.i- L = l, \t- 2
t*' - -1o drx,,)= E
# ') t)
- t"*Lq3
-- -b'o??6
dtr')
trcnthn-z li-z)
f,a = q(L-

= 1,+t4b- 1

fi-g :- i, I gQs
itrs)
l)t
= - D +t35

afetafir'1-5 ti= f)

:
rwl
."r.t- rr- f f,'l.Dl! x") I

l..8g85':

[rfuJ-- ,O545

ltodote,.L+ (f= ru)


=I 8s1g- l gs<s (r'As +g - t'0s's5\ I
L-G-(- +es) J

5 :- l'Bss\
JtXu) z < o04s
D

ftelolio,n-E (i= r)

I w= r'-f l
(-" ooa s) (l' Sssq - gs r B)
= l1L)J" 'L
Bes4-[
t
I
-'ao4;:"o5t+5 J

tDt'
qfl"r eflrafrr"'A t"h55 ' bwof +
.du'fle 9*e-
dett,nil frao*t
I

il't j4netA 4 Cax'r)te%=o,tamL


-A!9 FtrLd "il^!-
W^
.6oln
==-
' W"i- - L, o(f - 2, h\=os 9(f- L
L o L L 3 q

'lLL.' L 2_ o'63267 a q2&'48 o'5624a o,5zq!8


6 1 a
0'516o I o 514+A 0.5 r++4
l" "d Lht wytatrw xS - x - ex - o lsxuot'
lQu e $t
g -,{e,fr n4qL
*rD W%il^l,
5)n llf,1 = L, Q(t"= 2

.s€131 ,s6+t4 I o 56+t4

e L= ltrAx'' (nN't- 4
&U + Ft'npl I/u ytcrds
4 t-la Wr*' 3

-fJu- cl-rcr'r'rnal tr Laut:


qG
o ln (vd =4
/\>Lv
' **" =& l5 tG
--J
+
-z<

I 9_
v. 4 b2u
0 682'
1,2 4 68b L 2t+
L
1,,22325 l e4+51 I

h" L 2 l3L5q4

t4il-kfrd-Z
oo NEI^']TDN ruPHst^l lt(tr
2=;+ -;-- / A^^. ^.nAr-rilr\t\.
inPrtsOrrr I\'ETHDD
AL(noRtTHA:W
:ffi-o"e#td- $u)=c
, lxt, thi- i'ilJi'oL be xD

oCo
ff*
?i"tr =-n;t - -{g+ f'o '!,2,'
#Er .,* n. ' o
nu!,)
ut ibrollow N
* tr' fi'v-il"flNo#' Io *ry fu\e!' f
v1111u'be't
b1fu ?fuc
jh Ct,&4 frlf^,'{ 1 t'0'^n,{,,f,.}'n
| ?t" - %tl t*[*
fib,t A-^.UJ'; *^ ao'rw
'
toi*o,
1*''3r.

[.-,
Ir:[&oqt snts
l
n ilu ruol yool' !1"
NN.) t lsui^q Neu:trru WLrt*t rvtetl*oct, k "l
G*-;& (Btrrt, d*a + in y, okci,t^alfrlaeno

lrn= O"6 CC = o'e

)(i1t= w
lWut
f+erroUh -r Li= o) '
3\Lt * tll-'lo':* L
{,f*r?W-L
b r &in'tu:

z gy:+?t*"dink@
3+ oSfnL'

'{fu r = Ai $inCQ"* (n&x^" - L


3t dflr?fu1

tlwtisY-I ti=o)

OL1 z ,Lo olfr,r ry.n- Latxo - I


3t otrrrfro
= fo e) Sirr o'e - Coro e " I
3 tdfn 0,6
1U -- . 6o11
17' tf<.,,ofaon -t 1 i= r )
/-

Xr= Otrasino(r - Coll(Yl


3t otrntr

- (e o+rdirr -6o T J - ks'€alt *7

3 t o5fn ' 6o'{ I


Xy 2.6011
,do , !fu YD.L ,rl Il,o, iA' '6o*

1(i* )b= L

'la.rt= ',u,- --k!Yu"l


Xl")

= W:- )- ,#'- r"L


f *'1'3+Lq

tow
+'A34LI

Atua{ts/n -t ti:o)
ct1 z , 4 }A/gryLn -r L2
- L" 81-
)q,? r'434Lq"
Ky- "4 3 4 z9 Vtt l'2 { L,4 4t
+"434&q
nro.[a
t3 = ,4342q lUt -r 1'2 *- L.l 4oa4
+' 4 34)?
%r,
qU4
-- l 4 34){, XS+ L.z :: L,+406 5
Iny +'4340e
d
L"*4o6 s
J-e1,rtu f '4342q

effil;Y"ra e'+4c65
Tta wrd.,"l*O
t" W dui,,^ol b6' u'st''i s rtem
W tiyeErqLmto.JD
nleIl,"ool"
tW"^

ry LeL, 1L-Jit
x2-12=o
{trl=
v
{'t t1 = 2-x
t)

dG) = 1- 1)= -5 l-re)


'L@= t(,-L2 - + t"I)
T,^a- -9lDCt 3 o-xd t".

l(ftL = 9U."
-

W - f," -Lz
(,r-,
"2
&xr."'* k? -lz
F"
d t-t"
Alr.roffivt-t Li=-r)

Wl-= W*tz
l)Lo
"?
al - 6 0'_]2 z 8"+AaS'
L5.s)
"?-
L?aailon-z U- t)
Q\y = X? -tt
&o{-L
r)tr = Q, +aalt- tz = b.4€,4L.

f+erofi,n-E (i.^.
, ()Lb = \: -lL
&Lu
=(r .464$-r, =_6.46 4r,
J LS +e+r)

da, fht.n*fi'% I)rt e$'jafusw& 5"+647,


t\teufl/y
t,o QU'q FinU )d"t, "str;st. 5l flN q)rtu^

+ b fluu
-
Rulohr* r4e^U^.od, Cnsntcl,

M)L-o, frt-^,=
+Lo) =
N-ax=
-J
o

Cre)
U jtD -_ , 662t tte )
J

u.;)
:-t{
$'t
*= ry-,e(+ t)L
1' g(t
1(it z I ,ri ew- t
I

Lxr**(tu'
: fue"ru o%/6ou_ )u/"+L
ryA&+ Tilt"
lYlt? etu"* t
Xt e0t+ gLt"
Ife,&ffiM-l Li-,,
XL='Y.f #-f
(pe'bt lao
: (u)' e5 *L
G u'st e's
t L
,i

rX
'S?io
:teroflon*z Li=-D

(xL
= 'l-f#'-.l
oLt e(t _t e trt
^L'L
: 0,5WL
T-te,tof&nr-3_ t'r=)
0(s : 'Lf. {'* t
"x, &'+(vz
A-g z 0.56 +1
ilo^*, *)nt, -stxeL t/,t WatS*A, 4, (rrlM!-rtu\fu5'bfr'
-f'to'* v
% v
D 56

f'..\. r
_p* t" fu^ LLqwt tl abtinol , iJn-e BrwoltuAL UDDL %H"LW
h-'rrl
{T- u?-* '
D
o"f,tdrl

i.l'1
'=r=- tl = eT- osrtrlc - c
{tL'Jtol=l(tr,c)
@
ulu)=
-o 4#e
^ lr n ir . ^-. ^+: ^^ rt ,9, Ll,.''
il* eryaa;n -['LI ul^ on ara{n,^d I L
T[4 "[r#"i 4,
ul*,M
Ia- Tcf = 0"6

tr) = e-x+(a*x
$
?f*r: nli-ffi
z n{-r: t Ca-o-
$ir,,rr:
e-Lf 'r Lo8zt'

Tt -, -Itr Lfu" tW (to\\t" + e'L'" Sinok'

arc,r-ot o,'n -f LrLo)

?Ll - 'Y* e-%'r "xnCayLn * t"%- ^Sin)ru


e-'l** bs{"0
OL1 - , SBBqA'
flatotrs^-2 L?- l)
')(y = I'-tt-h t ivq (il"Ll+ fL - &ntt
€-ru_t bxtl
rl-y= , sBBs gg,
rfurLofitr-u ti- r)
nb = v-> ib+1t,[osxzt e:ary-{;nxL
{x'+ ['utr
58b5, (n))tof. + LD 4'

v ryg H*l & t'-iry


rue*h* R flL^,n rvkfr,.a
voJ,u o/fu 1)'lscnstne+r^
Wdil',,al
ftotrr ?
-:
ddvr
"
L= I?l/3
#rr,- x''l1 = o
'ltz)= A- I+=- -g t-rre)
D, ^ Ar t'1 t^ lnr,-\
?t g) = L'l -J4 = l-o bw)'
z &"d 5
rt^a- ,,9-t oA tfu W'* -L'na bPo

{nL,

trl = zxL
$
Xr"*l =, x{- *t'r'^)
''+'(xi)
t^itl = tM""- )U$-J?
Z'x't
ltitl z Za\* rxi!-L+
3\iz
QLitt = ,9fu'3- 1+
g\1L

rlero,h8vr-r ti= o)

1(1 = ot# - r+
"?
,/.-L
8W
= d,S1Ef.
Itetof.o'r-z . Li-t)
,l,y
=_w__
AXf-l+
)(y -- d S+tf .
ftemtAn-4 tkt-),

v
oLg= oU23- J T
3r*
'l(-a = o2's+r28.
abol^fu-i+_ Li-s)
qu.G:1]_
3r*
,lq =
e OjltB
' . Ik^*J-tu -etoot,
{*%-T"*n-
v t'
& s112,(p))-ot}. *on
Aztir,al
7b^
s'$ {T*l fl^! s,NL EiJe wy,y,r-N-l$2o,r1"yy4,.fr
ry\dr^.oc,l,-r"* ,$ n q '"lrn** fufr^l9A'at-lPd
^6e^tu fLaont',
dn^ol,nil^ , cLa'2'

w T.!t:tr: Xa- q(l- L

D6't
'r-)- 4rs-l
(rir = ^ti- *tru)
' l'urt)
= qC _l- &*,. _tu,.-
L +'r'F-L
z 4 l{j't -11r,\- il +'r/+to

W+t= StiE;
4'\i5 - I
o
LO T 2_ 5 4
h' 2- ).8 f-og+ l,B5s1B IWB t,85sE b

fu*t =1"(/s55
Ftx7o Potrvt f T€RArrorrt r4erH00'

P"!, Wiov'ry-= +&)


A L0rronr r rtrrl
" 6i*- qyat;' o
"- $tu=
";; $r"t-o
i^Ld *tuW'ft2$tx)

, bo
1(i+ !. * J &t) ; ;, 1,2.3,4,
(
r'ifu'po Ct )\
lJf.fu (nont ulfu't u4eR- '^tL)

-+ Cz: 0'./ 3[1$;g tl^t ,tor *;t"n l'U-r- + (m) ltt-.rl"o^l i J\ SUituo
o
ILy'{L
d knL^
Y[ill"t fuil^ AwYt! Jnlo*^i' );tuAr
.
PRo&rnts *t -, 6

/.=o'2l-sinto s-ra)
ffi tur+1, x=o,t2r /nlrr k
fu'"1i0.,"
^"j.,o. J 2-tq
N ')(f = 'Xn =

Jl^ortd be
i,a h )

L 4crl tw ltat
tr,, CL=O'21 Sfn [o.s* ?.)
0tdr= 0'21oSrn (o Strr)
T,te,ta1i,rvr-r 1i=")
|tLL = D'2t "f't (o st tt'J
= o rr dfn to's +.12) '

aL! =- A.122_
T-&aoJiarr.-z Li- r)

= b.2 f oS,,-*,a (o S+ o'122)


/X.t
= O lD24
-Ifuiafifow-L
Li=z).
'lL; = O'2tsSf't (o O +1-)
z Q. at dt'n (o.st D'l r)24)
1!5 : O,lr-21+2
-Ltcrrofi3oa4 Li- a) ,

r/tq = O.Ll (o.s + ru)


"Sin
z D.2l Sin [o'5r ' llYt+il
n-q =- O,\LL4L
Xg= 7.ta.

flenrz 9L0o+, J.t AL2bc-.


"W
Quz. Hnd a
,*oL v^at ot /c'rl =q@* ."8+*-t=o u^afr'lfte'ta'
J_o
L@]a- rnel),u,d, til"vrl f'4i1;"t ,fh,u,i^rf,r^ a'5
^^
.ry (b= Xf = O,5.
,." = xz-La g
i*, r'o
n'u+xL-l =o
x'k*r.) - I
?&- 1
1+ ?c
**=- L e t
lT+% $cn)=
)
Jm
Wa= $ t'-"' ')
h\1 : I
^li+ 9a'
?etutln{ I i=o)

tl=
--L-r+.8 =-D'61 G4A.
J
L+ttafeowL Lr=r)
rX-r -L = 0.+4-tq6
JIF?Li--
t Ak-di^-t (i-,,
Nx- I = o,1s46?
J t+?e-
/ T-Enot8,n-q (?*,
q4 = O. l5t{2-B
1 r.lcs

Tkztoftorru-5 [?= r,)

?.a= L - Q.?SCI I

Jl'r"r,.,
I-la.tci6oo-e Li:o)
4a- 1- i-
- : o llqbs
J ttas
ffpratron-+ Li= 61
t.
Ad - . L = O.+bL+ S B
,

/ lttta
^J

il^t gtxaL bl HliA qn 0'+5qBA'


tb*cp, '^ ubto
eu.z rira a $uel ynsL ulllo ea;wlrr*, turtG-gx-l'-t-dtult
5 ,rr*t "ifuv"i,b* rnelk,rr.l'
"led',/o[ lrh*
,W
- *tD - btx-31Ltl :o
u
Losr-b^Ltl=o
3,x-= 1,+ hlX
)(- L+ tax - q (y,\
3

{t.l - I (tvr)
'fiLnf . - !.4sq+Crt )

R*L -l-xe) il" o e, d l. kL fit'hl +P-trurv@Irbn't


o ta
0(Lu =r\p = 0'6.
T'temtiro -t Li=")
)L1'= o.608,4.
I+totiorn-2. [i-r),
qLt= 1:|C,oArt, A,6o6e.
3 =
Yaaf,"n-Z L?-z)
AZ = 1-+ ta\7,-z :" 6o{1.

LLoaalforn-b Li.6)

Xrt = it
btt(1.
= " 6s^17
3
fu^re, il,rt gtns/t.%fr';,l efl' U'6o1.

EHg Aha e JuAi snaL -l L^L-4,#=1t Lilurt tD t+ol e-or*c,l


f ilI;"l
+
s 1:"or*;-:;
th*, ry,anb,4', xa = b. 6
Yr? *W"

q
,/ -.1 t
(

&*= 1+h,&
- $cx)
knl- $cm)
I*uotdv.. -1
Li-o)
\
I
U-L = ** b'?{ats .

Xn_=
=- 3'l bbas
f-lertd^om"-g Li.L)
tb= {t ky
D :_3-+4924
2_
uetqffira-t+ Li4) fu"t- 3'1 812 -
Xu- {t la :B TB?z*
-ne aL wl"iul. 1)a thooEin.rrlefuta,) csnruIeA il t)"t LfitbLW
fifu (,,'l
,.,.o p.o
t^ fht ltnrrt JJ *rflr,:"^t\t cland -loutt^r't doffiort
t ,L-, - -. J- .o , tA o tt t t , | .@ -J .o,
yndL fi
"ih@ffi"
O(tle( of CorurvenC"reruce oF ru k Mern,oo

fuaL
wtu\hdD
q(n.= o( + €o A^d Anot = { + €or*t
-T[tovt,

(n*t-- €n -[ ltu. *t )

l$trt* e^Wr',tu)+---
D
L.n - ryt'ruk: "
tJ,"ltuAlLdr") ,

z0
qL--
l ol
$tx)-

("rfr/(d+ G'tr" (rsr LA'u)*#*"@t


U) + €n f" t*)
1'
(t 1" u)
z
L$' ( *)+ ("f"@J
= p2_
Ln
1" k)
L (*) fu f"{*) \
{r*
w)
'
{
z pL

L
I tr 0,
Lh
/ *"u) 11
I '(u ) 4oJ
l'a ob
LrL
L $'(*)
D
Lvt+l
-z u"
t"
Lh 2_
$'u)
\l
4"ul ,uy"n1 fi^N ,rffia,"el fou,x;ttlr)
Lfi,U)
*d"oAbru,ulewE f^efhod rt & Na,-,tnw k\lnk'LilUl1^'od
ry
r*
% ^U
yaruilz
^*I*
D(aER, Cp c,oxrveR&B.rce oF al44ttoNr mErHoD
Jince ,c ,ti a Sd, ol1= SCr) , LLtt-.la'rt, x= $(t)
1 eh-r 0^d'x,!, b. ti*
Auupa;,e afproxinnt;u in x, u*fa,,e-
Anr: Q [rtrr)
W* {= $tU-,)-&US
by noanvat)LLTwn)u,w

t"-r - { 0,
-@
$_t.t,,'l_ qtx) _ (t), tLil.MLCG-tzQt{

l-.ehte LI) be,,ryt,o , ,l-L_ o( : t,G_r-- 4 F (fl)


,$ lf ru)l<k <1,
P *t, *)Mtu,
lu-xl <k l\n.-of ,k-..r
t-tqlL[e it -& "011.il,
fr"aL jee\afro\,1 c1,ail,Ld i] !.;r*
h'aad Poirt lbnatirrt rnonhxl

Ji -{fu l;xa $n or -tht e16d rra[..4 tC 1,6,t , )ut i -t],t


^t
'yY rt,lrfu ;--f 8n b L1,t Lryvm qti n tfu'nli'ws
tt'once
U
hfu
| ij|ntA;o* C*n be tur",1lr^ aa-
* =0 (x")=;Y-an-=+U-6
"r
ile csnr@ ttu ,t
W$
&dJ obnart,vbwP,
Y- &*r = {cv)- e"
+'tv)+ ean4Pr- -

t-to*A,en , g-uvvvl^ ks)"f ilot yfist y i O h^e lan,i^t o"'c) $D


CoIr4rb
(n-
q;,e*'
€ntl = ' (*) e,,.
frfu Poi^t JJw"tfu"-U a ** wdw Ad"ault, Y-/a,r:ot"A, I't,t) 1o
Ja,w*. .H^r_*d*q,Y**Ic,LLe JJaxoLiow
wvfl4nd )\ ).;Ne^
1 f*r^ },o*
S
J ===-J{ -W"Tg%WLfi1$tL,L
Rc't
t .,t
i'lt"?; *{flu 'fr,* il'a stoo+-t u{ "
A)^ML} W"t'1cn
bo j.Ld
Xn= {t e" fu^.ol tn-'t = dt €n-l
cn*r = e^ - t
g1- e,.-.) ( f," el) I
x1"-l@t€n_)l ,+

Sx[r^a;1 e^) a^O en-,) .&n, N90-1fu crbn"t J)^-t

lul-']tx"
{(*-t
N, ;LLL %[ai's
q
6-il',"t
' r =-do
L/L-ll("
L-4a1
-

P t€n"*+t^fi$-
= u- €, * 1' t+) +'
I +c:^
L /'(x
) lIr"i(e^,,€nrffi- ]
D
ern { [,r" e") - e*.)
d t<n
Lntl = e^

8,,) - lAt %"r)

\ -|txn
= enl tt*)+ e^{ (il+ t} [,,),.-
/,, l
uLfr"r + pn. J'(a) + elns
D -2-l il"u)+- ]
I t,-r-t
e^l)r*) + gt"(,h'-l-
2tJ 1fr"
)+ Cn-, {'tx)n
U +l"o,, l

2 (e^-,-4 $t*)* 9* Lo"-t".) ? (x)+- -


-, (r- enD te" en. ) ,u) +-
Le,r &n) I'tc) Lt, {"
b* fl"t*)o--

g . /:l!u"'' ,y.*-1
8n 8n-, YWlu,€an)
€-ntr
yt 1''ta ) u
{il, 8n*' = c ek
&,. = c-tlP iro
A*"o cef E+d*. ,#yL o
-uK
e'l'to r" us
)t t'l'rr)

W\* A:.d,),,*{:'
k= l*t= ord
"= \r"'"|;ffi
R=l"tD k2.R_r-D =ffi
C= C-tlt I= *"k)
2 !"
d,bt)
artuk
I
o' at8'
,1,,,
(*).1
Nl 7'r, )
W),a,\Ieu.e, ardk' f ' 6l I
ff
*J,..r orcb't
\
+ Aud"ercti^q4M'W
:==- -==- J- V

YL?tnos-t+ Aitloen lz fleIhad


$L Ji thil,iJ'aL'*"'ta" rYutl^LN rt
$tt!- %Ymehct Cswk au-dntwhtt
desujkd be1dp-
/"L, WL,L\,lLi+L be thut 6uc*ui*'hfu%jrruttad b lw
desftd yxat"
%
il,,t ,ffffi* ot=
$trc)

o(in, : \*t - lrw),


\
A2 r,\l-t

3'l -fr *y y +YuJ;,y'Ir.{,$1",^t 4 W* fr uuatp'Lfrupr

q1CI^fitfu be oh[sL;'ad'*
rrullt
'x,i- t
u. A "It"=l

A ,LL'
A',1(i,

ni" t
ALCrsRrrHr{ - ArHcen's l4frr"ocl
* ohotse ir;Ii.l -fh*U ry1afrby,, Q(nq
+Co
(s!.w/.ata, {l.rL tu^-d 1U+r tl4fin3 Ll:L""fr ,,a rwfud "
"t^rNgJL
nb.tifiy Liu, *t
Wrt= q(&- trU)l f = 0,1,21 -
Arc(f-t
Uffi& [nans -0^t (o"*Ir^r Ltilws- bw C, tt nLtL
%
" Cl A-ft al&on"to "ttu t"tsL ru)ilk)-a6AwaffiwN
n
Cl h{tr.q fl,o Cmc{ifd4& lXi*r-Xrl tulkrr f J3 jr\o- h""f,6^ Ywilb,
Eua.ho^
Legx ;*^" fofur,art u JtJ,,it
t-kqaLertts
-i q,rtry, a2 ntufrad""X+^
ry H^!.e",Eot
fl,1"I
decinrotr ltu* a,
% W'^'
( (3 )
=t) ='x\-'sx*l = 4,'=D 5
\---l
{,n,
)lD= 7t 'Sx'r-l : o
J
73'5tr -l =c
5'/r= t+Uj
7= 7rT2- :4c,q
5

W, o b= o rlivon)
'Xt"= 4(U,_,):0.22s,
u
)(i+t= {Cu*) = D"2oLZ

'Xi+z = (\,
t
L*J- lw-ltteY
:
Xi*t-&"tQ+'h-t

= 0'5* (* o'z rC' = O'2oo 3.


o'L523
'Wni (?,t"-z) --" 2o-L€
f
V )(ini'
f turl = "2o[€
[-{zrtce, J.|,t yllyt;r! y"sL t-t "?:16
or, \
LLJ
{t*l= x-e-%, 'Xn- 7.
v
J -
4tt) Vr- e'T :, o
?-- C-L =o
)t--= €lL = +Crc)
'Xa- Q(f-t = L Lq ive"r)
W: Q (x.-,)= $a+q
T-t<r. Q Ittr): "61nL
ltrz- tfi_r _ [tr"_ ,tu),
Wz-27,i+W-t
=I (_ "6gzl)L
@ = " 5b2_L

W-; ==
+wD
'558+
no't
U+z + U.r:.L) : .542o
W.; * W"r) z , 56411

\$l QA,D*: 'li*L


h'ni*&1i12-r Wnz

= , Sb2L
,/
\J
:- " 5672_
W-,56TL
f"lerHoo-s
TY,DDIFIEO

w'=u-wd,n
atturu, rYL=yffifWqtrlwstt
aU T-ra
E/ahbw, !tD-,y.g-lv-r*L6x-L2=o i,e/ a d.oub)e
YD@-b
aL uz. AfurrtJ-t fl^!, t^^it;a;" oflw,;^otr"^tQ(n.-! , tt^'t'
ff^d
AdAtuh to L *;,*lftaut
J-,Dqt, "rj++l-

,W IYL=Z A^d tL'= l- Arrf^


)ttu= 7f-rwJ

a^"r, = 1[ - ')lL zW-l4ktt€ l


J
T+eaptitw-t (,1d
qu = ,l(D * q; -tlt":+ t6)6 -lL
6 x:- tb)b+r6

9{1 : 4':8,

rC
ur)efua-2 (f=l
)(-2 = Xt-rI^;3-il; )1,'+ V r61u *tz
-147q +tG

1-z = l"q8+ e

f-tUaffovre Lr.'
a3= )6-- rlxizxt*
+"LtjYx",H
l4xz+tc J
L
K\- 2.Doos
TilSfdn,-+ Li= 4)

)1.,,1 : 7l- 2 -*- + \t+ GLs *t L


3 ?G* 14 xr +16

'l-/a = t'Orro5

flilAr-a, Aql)fu4 !4.$t =- L.}co


W
,-b t
Fi,,;' tfu J@@t, q^W e4patfin, ltn= J-x.un) o,Cnlu-rt^
affrtrtwa;
6-cl uh,.*l
ilD hrd,wn;r*nt'/ird{%rlrLdfirffu
1!qln
F-
TY1-nz antd )e =o-xo
W*t= Y- " L "/'txi)
W"-rtf$wll
%f-rr-.-

Jtustb\-t (i=o)
Lry
)(t- rn I I -q(r ett-w')l

At = '?35?
Ildf,n-z [Lr)
%.L = fuly- t -%-t ,u'tr')
D st"x
"tt, - ,94 gt

)Lb:- 'lqqa

AMdb,\-+
)q=%s-*ffi
L4- t.ooc
Ite,lgt on-E

'h =l'ooo
fu^tq 94-orr* = l' ao a
:,
"dA
(enyida^'lJ.-o e#^Lrr", dtr) = o uutt, a c"rnf ex hdr\enb uuiatJe,
r= ,!*:,
=;,;, ,5* (ottb" rcxittn^al ALL,'{%*U
l-t*t- r1pt1;*, {Cxl
a^d frrrsqfwla h^to rt",W*'*
( d'
lril-ur:!'lt"ir,,rbt::t,t,:,.^t:^*,n
u Wb'L #^uln^j
Ntnt$, -ut^y*rt
k^a,ry
n."Arf)1 d- O% ioi=^?

v(r,Yr=,

O nal'A-e We\lala rYleMa


Tn I)r& *rntnf W Arrh X-,t ntntu,vt'i'aA Wa-lrutu^b\.f '
.-&ucln l|^at (t-p) -r: !)u foOm al-, i)*#"4n"'niilq'#
w &itd.r Pn.xi q w !-H*" Ui :^-),tn'tClet o W
t)
a^,iri-
%-X*-,Ai:
(rr)=
A;_, bottn-l*Arfl-r* _+ br.,xnbr-t
o,nd a W*nojnolu R -l-ruu tu faru,
fnlr) = (t-p) &n, (tJ "R,

9n motno f" W flrt ush^rus uuf+rJ-lu ?',,1hYl i,r'Uet alk"$^a


l;ryLpo, -Ar1tthtl'ic clfi,;.rio" uri-l"l b, uad
' 'J o-o=bo [o=ao G=bo
At - bt-bpo bt = &t +f ol"o Ct = Ar*p06"

1"=b-t'f'
(tl
?'=Qt*f'o'Lz-ar-,ir"a,
&h = br" - br'po bp., = aa..*po br-r a'o = br.+ f &r r

,tl
,']
0,=R-pon-, k= &n*yrLn_r ia-brtp,6n_,
ktq: po- bn , k= a,l,L _ -
l-
Cn-t
*fu Ulwlat*w 7L bnanda* @, be @^rtd utt a,s *
bdtu e
4 W'uir,fu
'' f
At a, An-, On-t An
bt Pi-'-g bn-, bn"
Pb,
bo bt bz br-, b'-t bn : R''

PL" PU Ph-t Pcrt-,

t (r Cz Cn-z-

?KogtErlE

., Patt)= &915- 5'{ti-c


I
Us. {ln AM bldai?J;^n *kl"*
ry +W}i,v,of,n fo=
0"s

Pq*^o
=: l"
fo=
c'5 t[i,or0
Ttertolfo,n-r
a,5 0 -57
L 0"5 *2'25
L 1 * 4.s -1,t 5 Lb'
2 2' -3.s tCz)
It= fo* bz U5-)22 = o.t4 2Bs+
3's
J,lerwftovt-z
c.l4 zBsT o -s I
, L6s+14 ,o \obt6 -0 "l oB4 54
0 285114 -4,q BgMu o 2q ls46- az

o,rBs+tt, b'OBt63L
o 5?rqza -4'Bi.tssz+D
I
ba
PL= Pr - -;-> O"LqLbl++ O 2ql6U6,
, I = D'9o2€3o
r
r-2_ +'O T{ss

@ Use ; "lfu/{rhru a^g) L furn "alt""lzu 51 a-la


Ueitq.
Ou,',-qe fu {r"^rt il^L A *LDst &tr tw
furJ.r*
,il# - l)

X)- 3x5 +ZxL -27-+2- a


Use -ttu iilf;N "ly**moJ.fow = o.o,
Fo
&' f"iru qPrJ rnafto:n' fo = D' 5

L3
5
t *2.5 l'45 -) lLs 0.q3+5 = bt+
0-5 -1'oo O545
o'15 -l?5o= L$
po- br, + qt.?5o
1p,?5 -
fP1- = l- ca-= 0.S l'0 356'

TftAotrtvvz
-5 5 *3 2-
onrt - 2'0{{l
* | .g 6 l-r l, ,o.Q as+ -Lqqqq -"o?tt(i r.u)
J.o3s< - o Q6tg o,00 39
-o,|tg o oo38 -t'q96o =@)
pt = P'- bs- = 0"q qqq.1q
' C-3 -:-'
- Atf Az
"lf

A= Aol Az
br= AZ, Bt = AL-T 8y, (,= Al -rbt * sL Bt, A--Ao--$gt
R= Yt AT
S= 8+ ap
C(R,s)= cLr,a)+ Lr#raA ?q = c,
DtR,s) = D[r, r) t a{ a* :c
# 1-
&
ES Fird i^t,W* fi,t* ot fl'! W**ff* nd'-
{x) = 71"- yx? *x- 2l o,-
W *Uo) = Kaxz+ Azx2+ Atx * Ao = o,
Ag-1, A>=-2, Al=!, Aa=-Z
Y= - tll, A=L
'Dc: I
-_)_
V ?A
ON, 1
+*=A--
On 9-L
= 2f'y: 31,
'D* 2_

CtR,s)= :L+ nr'( t)+A,'dCi)= c


L4

z -5-* AT-A,A-O
-+r
A\_ aA= I _-0
4
btR,g)= AT+ -b-aA= L
---O
Alf=lL " AA= -t
Lo -io
R=r+At'= *nE=+
, 2 .zD_ ,A = o.r5
t-i qr..= O9
S= t'3-
=
r) bbn,st
D
,&
nn* ,:
H* quatudt,'*"- t/l)l^dn), i\
72+ 0'15'L + tl'9
"dO -U*t t T= C,15, A = a"1
= C'= 1+ d.ls (o,tsJ - t?.1 = s,{225
n= dto?to(o'q)= D"065
?c= Q-+2(o to):&.5o
nr
Dc- .L
O,A
QD c,?
Qr
?D = &.15
?)t
Tta e?rei,3^^,
)\ AT- A8= *O'4Lt5
O,qA?f +r.lSar1 = *e.O6S,
"a$ofirrry
*m;6sbr&
A,'A: O,O51q+bZ
TFo d0r/,1d +Pnrtlyvl,?w ilNtL )i,aw h
rt*^ba:-
R,= D,ls- 0,166531&: *A"ilesZtc_ u u

S p o,g t o o egqY Q3
'=- o, 1sqv+83
TLrJ, flLt- Seo,rtd Jn :ru WoekdJi"
+Pyr^d;ow
,t-Obl653l&fl+o'938 h^^-

Qru B ?*4*,*tulD "fi!\'A;drr^ ol Uht Ourienarrr rvLil^,c"] frd


{** r.D
W"drott" W%'\,x*Lfrmtu",f"t^d, rnkl-
= Xir X' ''tLn a =- Q '
Pb(q()
;$r1
rt
Fo&aJ3- 9(L r+1

&u'a ?u)rr* o.^L itvratin st il,a eil3$ilar,e rnrtl^Dc) tn euha


ffi q$*:#y ":* y,l.yf*il"tw,nnt
'l\

C" \s+o? DIL+T tl = c


tu+W+y@@s: L;'
tbi
J .&nqle. f,*N*
d, *^d
=_-Sautrefredsio,,,
:. :,
?l::-:-
Tn Atwqi! flryecicril,r, Lb bitu a)rt -bl 5'z bit" aru uatd Lo vlwwut
Irl* Xr$*fr*"t dW furata ,tL*u Q*J,a w)^,,aini^X' hilt, g
etc ;rO1.(/ t" .At* nlil^o eXpww,rt N'16! ! 6't''Ji, LLu'd tD &&r -A't
-(
,Uln g't crylianibTfsw ,r,l
"
$,.{9 W Iwc;ai*' 1t-tttuk't-
1' ,"qd
-_-i t *
{rryho/vrt

'ffi:-*; {ffiii# iY
ytr Wx x'on #r
bft eryhntuL ot/ra* xtotl,q in Jl,t rdL1le t?to auo:'l J0'o Jb.-leprt

J*rrJ;'il'L'. fu ;?-^;ilfi;*il;- & s*fu, fraws'l)^twuJ'cl


r I 1 st+s'35r^rorJ
a's
;.tl"a qrra{a.'^ t#s .r,', *1,. f*ocfor*, ,nJ*l be
jr+r5q5 ^,

tc J1,-0 Lii wfi.rtt nut*bpz alX,Q rul'cort l$rr^ -Ul'^1le


$r-,.0
|rp,;ui*, ffi"or-L mcclt1w u$xtt*'-,to$ d$tdp lr"fi-;-"', u'l^i'dt
f*r^ A bia-tffft E, iaaf uat l tp Jta[toorr^b ht", fl1rufuu'h
fio rrur TTu,L ilL-A,,s ru, l l|. e'xau,$le, Lo l\e s*fuvu*tuNat' 3'lql5'12
'
*kxffiffit{:W*tr#fr;ffir:#
r BG2r,ltr&
I 1q16 q o,*..

@ 4"1rL ftr&. : Tw i"fut ,u{s,rm^t}r'-z I


(xaat At'ron iL
v ira-xol,t

ffi+*li;oi,tta r-kffi"[U^a ^1 erf,urna$ *^*1,ili*y9",s^*'ese'


vtaorutr
.ffi o,,Ia.iy rbru rt 1i"t \uo,orl
*ff
ovatL,

fil 9a^^x i;p*,SV ryn


I

t;'";l*t'nu' u'%
@ $lrfu.,-Ley)^g=Ji ct a0To,ifkrms baard crn G #itu A\)re,^aa
rLr. olrru [o hilt''ot *l, dLit *"$ffi
^{rr
W *,
^tt,,blt ,^6, rt1a Anat aru uord , ia*u'tr i',u"b
xh b"*L1 srrro'tr { ..,
-t
. ,4s t0^;t gu'tnL

a/tat a#ru
sYru,-fU au nat

\n a "eug
3* ru,o'$eA
rtLAN, .fr^X, €.wdY lail CtUuwlafu
rVilil,h* tD *$al;d"r,d,a,,,ff1 *fln^t'
);W,o,*"tu^ W PrYwrs'
?J, &"-ol Peq'M''e
6 Acsv,ac 4 ol Al.HurbP-lr'
Onb@e!""
;"il ff;G" Wil{ruW*a'. erx,,t o^d $l"raxinatu
gttt't edt
trrye*. rur'^baLa ,5i; L,0+,q, t& ,6'4s e,t, ,bi
rruu,$e,x, $uoh fr^93 -
L=( I ;il ,, O(= I 4142t6' ) &u'd \= (/'1t4t5el' )

"q?ruffi WX^,fi #;#Y;iLffi\^|ff


fu-t;'r*,,ilrri, ,rffin yihggud il,rt uut.teqt ta a
qrtilvL
#l\
&rt
ou t td ruw'be'a
!1- lrocurzrottX fiW)&^Latu
@ *,h#E@grflrU'.a
='ffiil*,,r. a,a t
tultau* nxl^jkLattutltt fly,[:*'
en a"nu/,LbuL fi" posiffinsJ rtdal,en
6,';;E;?liw,fr w\'
[o'nArai,L H{.
fl ML r\ri, ru).o ,trfi["
iL) 'lesn AtilrL wl,irf,

8-i"# *yffiW
X-rrI,q^, $t*
ffi,i,,r
*tr fu'"o
ana) c,t w Ao^^j, r&A4

%
@ ,,, sf*iF*i,,.a.,ccrur "{r &.}1rt!*
@ Eo f",Jd dt{r, rl, o ru.u,.ber *rllr^ .ti"*Uer^1,6.
^i3^i
I-rr{- tsa mx rD9, c'narars % y y W_,ry* l r- ft
oa 86 -+ Conlon+r tu?/L^
S: 3
f,a ry Ytu,tr
6 4t3 qf ;- T[,ru'* *";s* utttt'u'!o"q' ruw'be' %,!tr^
*a.-2L=B.lurBsTrqs
a#'*le r..> L';'v
rn4u*' J-* 14 w 5 I t', 3
dg_-ruwbz,* o' h
;;Ferrte nvu,by
.%*:ffi
Y
,&uch
t*'o"aa a'Xlt^" t'6, ,,.,a
Tf,-r\
-tt
Fr* Ldt+F,^t '@L"d'31'

ERROKS
ffuroft'rno 3hfr.to4 *t lo^qil
lu h-nr^.*' Guc-^Fr* n last'uJ);;;;
#dfu uocrrcl

G *'*o)'utv'kt %Yf*"*
an aui*qt
iY"?,-
*'*w*yl e'v.a-aJ-
,h; 4r(E1u)!n"urWar3^1
]t; unw,'lotfu* f' ff'il't'-'*^n*-*'f
fuF*^t odl
r[i*--ff'**;;'e.
T
r-' ffi #ffi "
oluoecr,TLr/"
e|t"ril6^ "
Zrros'=T^Llr-tlo-lrrr- A
I
ln ary *ril--^i,"1 @, @ csw\a oc rnss lnilo.tJ,-1
o{e*o,u-
u!
5f*
fr"@z A)Atad4lrrut,/*lr. *f^l' .tfu,\u*al ol^W*
5..0a;
b eJ4,rr ".]"'.r.{ru
it/
nnlut, },* aru clxtd il,rl^illrt uvvd"L' Auil" ewo,td
g^tfu Q:l),r0,Ldui- lrr tl"I \itutt edloL bet"q a[bwttrvdl or drrc -t^:
!d -0rrwtln[ro,,"l ,,urlutr+lrcitirlc^l. toat*,'tol',i^Ur*r w i-t^t' W
$
Co"hrLtr^A
l-- r r 1 .6 ,a - r t -+,
'Jtdruluth €rrrCI,rL Cau-be y,:,riprtfad b^.i tad.q fr["i. befruL clcfrQ-.

D RL"rrrdr:,^q€.r.olxr ( J

'@*
lT.o^1 OXkt ftorn horpr* al "r"ral"q
Jru lorotpr* *-l.t ruuahou
o# *-l"t
"rou^u,,q O# clw'
ruuahouclut^g
xj'-f* aloo'y^ eryyoy* nn*uil.t
*0-,r-bfu.
y vl
(rrror J*n ewo^L 0-v avt,onilroor.
#
hir"t,*l
t^y\rr_/ Lyr.{--"L{Jr{

,:", *,{ tr^r u*,lotlstr*


l-,t\'\-,y.J{L.Lutu!Ij_
f_/rtwr t/.t twLAJt}\tu\ta)

dx( -fi) tl"o hh\tfahi,w 4 Crr-errl,ry afoia


0o*&y $ rru.q b. (tlufi"d Jj.t 1..,"
^ Clolbfu:-
:qt.ff y:fty
g) C@bfu:- T-
7n
T,, -S
-*,
-ft, r

v '-d ,yurrarherr
fryiy yflr^
rrrill te ,shldl

/e\
gl J'ltr-vtcation trrro<l
ffir.{ AM CsAAtd br1 [A& obblvytirnalL J{lAulIA or oYL
rybd\
o, r,,Unk l;^;t, hl-
Pw(av5 bu(o
*
,f ;* ru;"flc6?U*"t bwlgfu,Lfl^"fi1 a #*, ,.,sntdl*f1^
?rlitl; }..*d4 W otr ,o atB Gr,,)t^l^ b,mc'in
{a {"^15
diuer rY so
4'-;,,--;ls=
L*o' r\ J.rhtowr by w txt vtara L, s= !G,r,; t+@m

ew* ,Lfu"b eol rt Aoilad'y^orf* (wsv Twu toltov"'e*i i a


*,pe rt oJ1ry/gtu orrvcar. Atr€,
[n= [*rt"-fl +#* *u * -- & = x td%) , i lilr^edtd
, =t
tg I tt-++ , Iuwolntt (ry-r{t - A-d
= X (dt{r -t/,.orn

p;- Pind fl; tA*oA*,,fuP eLal r=Lls' ^'J ftuLtul


-hlr^^A o,t.a- Pxfxullort'
ytqfoul^od -tvL
*ai-u
.Nt Ejrror- Ttud \tcl-ru' oP4)4i'"ile
:
f
rtxtlql.#, l-L r+r-X] =# "+"#r
Puf 1= l[s
= tPL* ry**
enrvcn
*#ar. -

E 0.Oof f f 56f .0ooa666*"ODDoo26+--


= D"DOtt+o26*
6)
\-
Absnt rt, Eww
Absokrlz €wcrr -ri tAt nilrr^l^icr.l d.flh1tnte bln tN tttraualr ol
A Wr,f,:,\ ud ru o+,broxi,4'Lofu ,*t-,Jh

,tl +
o$
-rr
fr
-^A-.^
ffY'afu uall'e'
Ll-^.^
+1"'u'L-

en= lX-X'l= lEwc4 l

@ Reto.tlre O-rctv
o^o
fl,o fldah"w r.wo.r L'
- { z lEwox

ffil#\
Nu.t &Ibos. 1.4Jt+ 13 uad ar an
otlto xlr'ral;'"'tt 'tr Rhd Jt'\b
.gtttatiw g"Prcrrs
'

-obAn[rr[J'a^d
Tur Uo-0-ut ={; = i't{lt+2195€'
ry \lan'r^l- l' 4 tu
'" 5^"*= T^ru Lteu^r - AFh".x,,MLI,.L
A\rtryo1dnAolo
"Yf
= ,414,=
L.4l+21556 .- '00021356
Absotrrft Etrror = (sL= [ Errc,rl = 'ooo2 tg st I

= '213 5 e Xlo'3
(rldiw Errrr -- 0r
= ec.
= O.21356Xlo"_
0

O. rS lXt0*s
'I\1" L tt+L135 6
1.

Qu'a :t o 555 t"; *ld


ahbrDx)rYu,rt ** u( rl5 abtdttut
sul-o.li^^ oi"d |rac.rr^1g erttl &^d
.lS1n fu& tr^rr^o LS = 116
7 Ahhtrj wafu rlal-u-a xi= D"5 5 5
Ab$nhrlo E-ww: [X-X'I
= -o 5531 = o' ooo353
l*
(*tolire Err.rr (r o ouoJa_5 .- s
.eo-= --o
=
.x rr5trs -: oooqqq.
:'.
en * lo.o : C' ooo'lQqx.tt.rD = D
*O?q"l'

N nY
Tzru U.atlrr= B'i4153)G
rtr,a* uolrrr= 5.ltr 245\L'
Error: T)"Mtt@fu^o ryWrtr'ofu wblt
*
6"lr+\ 51 )G Z't11205 +J
: 0' 0O l2 e l-r5'

n bSol-rrjo €nrrar (e.= lF-n*l = C"C)o11645


/\o
(T= Lfr
Releffira ewcrr = 0'Ol:r lZ64E -- o' 0004 o25o s.
T.uauolus 3'l4ls,Je

gg $F-xi
Tfi,rqr- ryLatu r OY,Y*:,cA
uo.{.-ua o'zc'
bl^u fiaka ACL +Wv,a1h
ol ^M)bu LI

0 6bor^cl ,['; utu'.; %l].,^,


.4!U llo b"{t ,1'p**-a;^ P,at l@d
u,"'r[l ton flt*a oyLa- wlicl" -tt"r
:abw)rt, €rrcnr
Trrt Ug.[r^o: + =- 0 35555.
batr" np[rc'ru"n^"t'' uq[ru-= o" 5o
Ab5ralur €\xw = I ttt* UuLuc - Ahh"'D frr'*I' ttqj-"o I

1,,^ : c'D33as'
I o u 5b55 -ti'5ol
hAtT Ahh"*[n ot 11atru= D.Jb
AfuoL.to gr^drdnr Txw Ltafuu - npp^roxir"oX" uailil l
a.b3533* b. fa1 = o.00333.
&nt:tu- , Abiw,l)"r^ofu
'tt uq.{aru =- o'|b
;hd^^lr- ?wor * lfuu rJolnt- Aryti,,rl'* uskrl\
= lo'g3633- 0'3t+l -l*o'oceo4l
: 0'OO€''6+'
5i''Lte old^h& o*ar -bart fi* bnrv." F,.Pnw A'\b )J fl"i- beAb
*b*^;,,*w'
'5 Pl'^tl 'jj..I"
y,y*1Tf:-Qt'rrc'r { 6&5. 4bs - +P",ortrn
aed to
fuir,^!.! jt \ ni.f'a',&. -?*
-M (o= IG05-AB3-6asl = o'483
€,r- O"43Y.-=D'Doo?T2
-
6ar 4r.{
(f = -
€rfr luo 'Dt+"/'

s 2r;a auo) 51" (-r6zgs t" fi""'1-


g"$r4 s fi^L tv&^k\A Be
"w Sgth Ca&i'"

ffiI|ffiffitr;W.W=*s*.
Ag
;>'-
t) I\tLu^^beaL y&*Lobd
\ln t^rlrd
66szso W{'^if X=
E{
i. v

X'.865Laa 5o'
Qao2oo =
Error = X-X'= Be 5t.5o*
AbAotdo r-ww U-*l er'rot I - 5o
R€Joilrrs Ernor g,t =. ee - S'?+ftlo'5
pn- x l{xlo-3.
r;r*nx, ef = err'X lor3 = 5't+
fucp;,,eu fuw' lo{'
( 't
i, N/u^^bcr xru,,aaa q+ tr E-^ idt'"@^fiotit^=3{"4e
X.3t'4LZZs
X' = 31"4a
En-orr -- X-X' - '00235'

AbSol*f" e rnc"rr esr= I Ewo* [ - o'oo-23 s

Ke,l.qh"re,0"rrarr Qrv= (2 = 0'00235 * L.2-+z9Xla-5"


X 3t"qe zg u
'rl
?e,*rlt"qe Q'rro{ .p = €rrx l Lro = 6,242q X tO-3

+ eufurqto t0^s dg.r,,c 3- $-t Js t.F -{a + {&


Su+ *f*W
a^d i,tt Gbantd[, fud galll),r€ €rrea,c"
fu=r,.d 'J

APlh
U G = l.?32 , ft= L.2ZG, Jf = L"646
-z=='
s - 6-6t4
€a- D 0oo5* o'ooo5t c'ooo5 - o'oots
II.q -Eofg.0 ab*rcbrto ewar .t^,qwt fr^at il^!- -&u^^ tt CnNaof +
.)
. Ne fc]rL, E: 6'6 I

€y z O'Oo l5 = '000f.
c"6t

FLOAT lN& Potur A(lllMETr c


+
Tf.cru a^e.},' c^!cLLlarts-bt'
J:^ -r q %oitl**t;"Y*
ry*
t- a Cerrrrhufo[ r* v

L) I^tq*' ArtV*^,ti, :;) Rlrslo' a',itt",^*1i,-


( \
W1 f"id
t. .a I . r

lnr*noii*a
*;d-"H r+* r:A aurr) Jt.' @t'Wrnade
r.tt,\rur,&-x o-,^d $r0i,4 $or0 ru,,lk^^
$
f,n nLi,^rrrr.mle, o *J n,ru$eL .11 e4w,a'd o'8 ci C,,6imotto^" o1

lv\gdr"sscc &r^-d o-K e,1.j{rwrt.. T-to h.\fu&t Mo i rnads -!-u^ I)anL,vu


,,i.*d J?"rr*
e;h^r"t MW Y 1o tptu'ch 1l'.0 rwa^+Ifus'
g', * -.J*t* 4rc-+eXroGl, ****t ;t+ -t[^r] nflettibna-t
d
'os+n e &, *ryy d ;..* ,[.4-w,$ tal. rta^N@'4triao*t
"iS ur|*^t" )a o&'
" 45+6
""rlruwbe,t- r,a dLourl
r, .
oa'
T[o Sirt rnaw)4 -l-"cr;ii'*
\ ,,/l (l -

wwv&its.+o^or^f"
l e
.fi^ aJ. Jl4#S"
^ Att,a
^,t.. ^. *.a,rn
,tg -b
en/\ott0w,t Lho A,Jl,b;4 eY *f^-q- ,rrailJil ,ttu |nll+,.;tAn4rut
iJA

.,&&nilf&,t #ttrI*J"Jffi u

;s*l *tuu(
=d**C,
r*lb.,*vctoolo*
oea bZ; ,69b1
p\L attdr''ar
\rYY
ra.LoL Qlu/€ ot\ # -i.ocat,

n drhu.ff ", ".1n" [-*.U- W W W


Acbtlrl^rte,"dM
f) , 4E4G i'*5 ct4.5q33 Es
|-{-[t{- ry4.xnw,eL Ml ry1il, &etv,alfunau-oil-1. beapldoc -
| ,454/*
" 5e33
Tqg-=q-
fu':;,.='lq+qEs'
' fq ' AE+LE E a^ol '51+gg E+
Rnu (rhrtlxk oil v
nnt eqrot Tue-
*ila"!) "sin "YrW
-fu l*ef &,, * "r3- ' {

5455E ?
t . 004 5 L +
ffi
f[) " 45+eEB or"ol,5+23 tr+
If.0 Gold;b..h't' ,t ;lt be -
'5q33 E+
-1. " OOoO E +
. 5453 E+
in) - 6qbz{ EB o^d .4 B 4s et
.6,{6t1 E3
+ '4b4s E3
- " I124q Eq.
u) ,6t{g+Eg9 tl^d " 4b45 Esq
'6Qbt+ Eqq
r '4b45 Eqq

,5qb2 E- 3
, o q Q3 E -3
E-b
, 5t-f LLt EL '5Q5LE5
it) &"Y"t
'5t{ 5L E3

'Do2B f=5 +'28 F-l

ii, , 51124 e
-t **r,BLt ?f =-9q
?

.5U 5L Z-19
" 5qsq E"1q
;o ozA E*lq
Tffi c^Aoliil"" o'^ol ailIl^u*li"
'"* ni{J nal" aYt (rY{ot '
ur/'tt tuilt
"

ttulil}[ld"^L
-t I , ^ t : ) t lf

ti) . llllElD't '123h E [5= '154o €2\


# "l-rh 4L+L5o= 'Q93+ ELoo'
i-i;)" lll,l E 51
Tt^! J{Iorr[f gro{Purl
E, U
fv) "l25lr E-41+ "lil! E-51.t ** ,ig?o e 1o4
Tr^o "r,uoult ur^olJ^#p/
il
U
nO@o-
bHuuon
__--------.....

S+l- f;'gqqB EJ+' 1 r:ooE-91


.1996 atol
e
1qq ?, g t + ' ltloo E-99 =
tU . q.qQBs- 5 +'IDottil6 = '919 6 r-- Ioz
ti.!/!€ fl^L $JMf rrMW
fo) 'IooDEE*'tqqqEt='f ooo La
YAy\Cqll sl na,rnn-ati*rt fu*:q brft @t0,xo6ilire
4?
e1a6 orfnm'U,lfi,,n !tuu#*ot ilry"-tb Ui,,eexo4rp;
11
lorq€_ -r1^i/
-nv afsfgrnuLL
w__.-.._ .OR,

*1*"d^of.o',r ro tt wg;rd 0d aJ Qouh$'


i(fd6* b,.-1,
Polfl }nit
$"[,*r{
t) a[u-O + ab - ac
Lril,r.ot{, Q: " 5555 El-, b = . 4S4b rf , C- '45358J
fr; La*O c+(o-.)*u
V .N!c/n olu;t",,ibrdr',",ti ,1, cithr'^{tr c

0='5555L1'
I b= 'Qsa; Et
Q-- .t+ sZ5 E3

[U-c): " ooloEl = " looo L*L


0 tb-c) =t sss B EL)* ("t ooo f --t) =
['oE sE tro) = . 5s s oE -L
&b: Q rssE EDx (. qs4sE1) = " 2s2q Ez
oc = t_suss er)*-("t+53sEt) -,2saq EL
rtb-o0= .OOO5 EL*, BoooE-1.
atb-c) * ob-crc
u.,.hid,r- "A\,ouwj.kl, nayr .lrbfutfi[,rrh &t
ailHil^ilfe
t t\
Non AssodoU"*&q o/ o,ti+L wf,i'c .

0=.5668EL
[ -,5s56 E-l
e. : .5644 !:_ L
@*0= '566bEL t.s bse ;-L

@tu)-C = ,S72oEL -.56 44r.J= "0D+6 E ! =-,16emtr -r


Q-C - .5665 E1- " 5644E L.- ,DD 2J Z.J -.2icro L- j-
[o-a)tb=- ,2t r]oE:-r+"5 556?-'t= "?6568-1
@.0 c f(a-.;rb
ud"flC"
frul.el
,qlu/"t Llcol
,$etq'^^ fi^" rtanvdint^
lJf.fu
ju
a
Iirrx i+tLwttic
t{*1 W*
euofd t"d1 tt^t A,ffwure s{ "f.uD ruuail1' *r%
lnuu,,.hru oA!) drirlorr.,a e/ a y,uuuhelbrt awvt W\oltyLuwhat MW4
lAq e,}^rl'drd*#t^
&{tM ft C^^ridomsle
- ( &r^d msu^)h'*.Lb, nf
eryxod fin tt"t JUWL D 'J I (l J D

"1+ *"*::*,wi-? i*' r;e


WY'hyky.a-,
,,r{ &NA, 0rr&A
rLc -Latge a,r *r: tnrobe t)'a W**,t Sua1.LlL fun[all
Cu,rc) ouorJ a
rfurocneo,tt
[* enb; Cqnr6lro ltr) *- L
---- -ti ,t"llrol' *r*,ialt4
(
uuAtrlrle

I t-,^f,z
Tto exoct r..o,1-* {-, x - o "q ra
Y. F Ct1
F(x) = - qY-6rt a rk'l o, Co.llool lD L dnciy qt hl"tB,
g"b{ t= "1ooD05 [g.r,.,' Ji Jr.-10"0 6ttt'dealnglt ht*oB)
I
F(r')-- .s2-bb4l rkloa

Y, = ,)'boLlFO
1t'-tt'= .ooq3Eo
d
'x' ._ ,qqbA E-d
n*$:tr
-l
Ururr- a. /'- ABEs

Cont Practical lJo


Pagre flo- ANTERPOi ATION\
l''-' ffi) Estd.2000

J..pPCSf,',u* vpw Jlu rrh*t us.{rur


I
CLii =
ir %a $(D
.tit :i --r.,-ur e/ 3

1rt; i-.- .,-' ^Lzb CL.L

'-i LJ^ v. 9,
U
:

l- _- d- tr"
-,'-fi'.tcLrtr\t -&
1'-l-., t:J.i *-, C'nY
(*r ij:n i..ln ifu(
=
l+-tL,,r'.
I
Std.-Iftlo

iil"61 elxnua*Lt @{fuI e)&'N


,e .r I

-:rt1icl Q'^-h,
,$l+bd IJ,.gt -11u i-,rutft" H= {,r) ,tr IshilXafaet ko * ,lf-LI
sfr,.J l-urtr ul) X= %a,Wo'rft, otX* h, , Xo+nt" "(iut^1.,1=J",Jr)
;1 . ,'Jn To c\ebtrn?vrr Itu u!-l-'-ror o[ d,*)^ flr^l l"$ **],,
$x, tf-? -tklu'*u,i
l.rrtn,rc$-b Lm-[rur H?ff*kue,rt
uiu] rrl -

,l
-L' ggli'ffg-s: rrc .'ili.:*,'il,
[r:1,-[r, [: [:,',J, .l:,
- ''
u,
trrlsy, ctrr.ctcct bJ A1.,AY i', LJr, A)^-itr,trdfrq, alr.drood
fl.t i"sr
D"
- rt
l*",,,Cn.l $tfl.s:u,tce'r,uutkot0
a n hl^l .Lrbnnd c{ir4eurrce
L'
ul",*,L;
f;. ffu;r,
. -Lr -r
-D ,, t ,o,. .
"tl^[ {-,int lcrr'ilotaopt d.thetllrnra
Do ^,^t
l) D ,l Sign of Facu!{ w:ih d:tc -
^dr=[,,r-[,
JU,rrl-ilar\, tt"a -{'lcc,r^d {rxrru" dtd dt a^ aut ,ttf ,,pa bX;-
^r^
u['= ol, ,t ox,
oX, - oX o = tl -;.1 = .X, - rtr,*[.
t,= [, [,-
ll,i^ol FS:'- o'*lo = * ul'-X,
tr0,{"
powfh Fb:- to Jo -- I
-o ,-4tr,*[o
6 d, i..rX
L. B aslarca^d Prfleu^o,or :

s -' i-t'r' ef'e'rol';"t


lfa*ffi,
* ot(turud, t n4 f" N J,n-ot'
ff
E'\ (t) = 'J, txt>n) ad .&n crrt.
Cont. Practical No.

Page No.

T-hz o-H r#r,b#*d ux, -

-YI
E'.trr-
fq
[x"rra
MU*@rytil)
'ii'J.r{*.t b1t-
T1
ut*S4
fX,.+ arl^.sa]
Re[01^rtr *Iuxt uu $-lrE
+ "
1. ffii+r'l
fl(tt,
ry LJe hr.s.rs

-) F=l+A
o
o{.. Y : 1,- E-l

w y,f,:
[r* n-["
= r - E'fr.
"l*
b, E= E"i2- E)lz
6xn:f,**g-b+

wl&;:JI fu Sign of Facully w.'!h d;te


- I E'*t'- E-UL
el
I

Z
( etl, + E4lL)
:t(tr*.+ = + t E't'*,^t)d"
'[* "tr*-g )

1r-i( *,2V
T=
+ i,-tlt' E\lz

v= vE=EE'lz
:A
I=V U _U ol,
dr* (x'
r"
t,,
rv{O A
V
"
VE= L
U U
E eV'[,. = 6 I q-*L .
,lnrA
(z
5'

wr') =J*. a-l*=


ol'
x

oE[*)= = ' nfl'


L=
V
t4!
?.
I
.1.rL
^D

[t.t- [*
.S rt/|* = $r k(t trn.u " : u['
x h-= {'t
6EY'= a
6 E= enb
Efrr) =
flcrtfi.)
DI OJ Sr.lstli
00
frr
q()
fr
Ir
E= 4o c^r A- {o-t
qqJ b,r/ruofu i) L tsnrx
Ltonnlr- Iant(tt a) - h*l r
-= '* - tt fr-lt-
'I*n'{ -

I ttnlt*ft)
-+^,-i I /r-\
?- JwLt4
(rffirl
n^
i;) A'ColAt
,' = a[Cu2(x.'t)-Co rtJ
,
AI (trt)- [o]'?t
= ; Ces [rt a - Co,r&
z f.) ( tr - [Cua
Ah f''t&'&'n t&n" t')Aint'
= -L .fio(tx+3f')
- - , frnf-l d]'.t&tta() + 'd'" (Ptt ft)]
rtr = erl,(ox) u,botu d ft x)
9!g frcrl 'o
ao" - aatx-*') ea'L
,AL'Conh ,.aL
= \-/ L

: Cax ( .oh _ t).


I eo*= [6"-i ro*] = ,)e' t) ra' lt'
^ =
ko'-'f eo*
Ar^^t eo' : (e-n^-r)s sar
1 ^\ I
I

= Leo''r(
\
(

N ea' ,\{ -,n[.


ERn
hlilh wuuaL naol**t b*re r-tat-
* /r) = tr)' t
n', n'
Iz t aUrfr) - (xrnt")

q nl+) =
^vH^(+)
= *'[&, +]=(,)*'fot{ *^)
= (:r)d1 LIH
+) (# #)]
= t:)An') 1z L 1 l: (_i)
*r2t'r): \-r'rr
tI-L i
=f"
I
fx*t, x L@l
Lr)" r,'t#fui= tr)'on
rf ar43 1

= trf nt{L
?t (ttr.)-- - (ltnfi.)

@ oqfint= qi.n+#l
LHS = o r"a
$ct) ^

H-{ilii .T4;i
2-
_[
"ilryl ^/ffiflil,
errr-{cu:i

Kt-t s,

W ))L: llr-
-l \. +l
Rt'ts = sz \
q)
J t.,
t -' S= l'l'- E-'l'l

E'l'* L-tlt : )l- LHs


,r?

P,ww fr'ak €v =(-+"\ o"


11/' ., Eex
\ aL eL

9 E) €tr= a)tr'l et' /t {-h = g-h L'


\"/
ee(

-R!9 = e't' r*ex, E=cx, = €-4 e e% _ e-f,-"xrfl= e,


teN
I
0N"+ f,ntry fiat
r) (r,,ro e-,t) [rt6;tt L= 2+a
(r *s): t, ,r t s)rr:
(E'
.',, [:
? l_rlzt e:rt) E\L
C(:

= E t1
z 1+At1 = 2+A [(ftO
iD [=LE2+S.lT+1s,6
Z
RH-e
=-- -*
*r'* sfit6,t4)
v')"+ (="1 tt)
ill't LE- e-'
@
L[e * En-r) * (="
\ - r-tl)/' 1 r\/2tE-t/z)
z

.z \ B )
E-1: JtA-1 =L ry
+tzE-r=
ns;" = t\fls
tii) a*N, = tr-t)t["
- (Et - 3:e2t3 E.- t)
["
- Zs - 3[* o.tu-t,
o*{u
=
li ;l]1.e-1 ,rx.
: -rlu * r[. _
[s U2

fv) tl - - Lq( U- v) - Enf,'[rre)


*-D=- ,'? E* LEn) v) t'; El=l-vl
,= .W(t
tL- ,n ^[
tt2tr''l o'd 6 - J"'- u\tz
+-
-\) =
,LE= + tE-e *,Leh2 e-*D= .Nntt{^)
h=.(,r11-,e)'
P.O," -fr,@t- AtV= A -Y
trPs
:

&uq
.>a-
b,,nW.,
,[rg = (at t E1- f A
* v) =
2l-r
UE lrs=+ letrz+{tr)
= I-)'L( E-e1)==L
/16 =
+ (a+v)
<A{oP A*,O
LLB =
-L
2_ [o
*G){J= L(At al-)
Z
E+|
"Fl= r-r,,1"
J+/6'\_
Llls
-= t+l E, ) ry J* s'-tt'
(?) ?

[rr i, n 't2-
ettz)2:
*(rv? e^,
J+ [er/r- f't)' 2
2
.= j.t E+ e
2_/
]-z) f'"(ry)l" rlz
=(
= L. ( E. z')
Z tr -r e-1
LHS = RH_q

Su.ti
2=-
v-A= -vA
LHE V-A
*v
= (r =) - (Er)
= /g- r) - (ur),
(-tr-l
= (e-r) t eJ-r)
= -(.ur)t1 Et)
= vA = RHs (ry| A

I b*B@$@ {,;Lrof*ls, .

oLul^a1 t rorrlu r,orl^q tt'xothBld'ion't &N rYLaLl


Ta Db14ir4 Jwonrrcw. f'flt"
4n,,p trr uar t ,,, *^;A^vt f,,fl)" rrilr;.;illF{**^* '1
t

ffirdfr #1"#
t,
;;r:; b'; :.m,,W*rynuh Uw*
(tccJaetr
;r-"i[ 0ir1 o.t^l e:ttt-
la'b1 ,., LJ-a fVut"bet Utt
^l* pr- a tfuo'cal
[,u.t*t.;;fr'ffii, I t,-fn!,uch-;M'^ru
lr,lip^ . 1.,)e *t-rbcl&^tiao ,clve'n iiu o* hl il*^b'
?-= ?, /-'
J
-[o.ot,i cl-e4A[r tnof*^&
fr ,',rrt1$,\nb@!aL'a""'
: r-ol I al, rutruo,r.r Q -*'xn
tvq <)( t<'br = k

il e,&.LLA *rfu6* 41ff;7tn,t


cr,

_rtuo o n.,.,fff i
A*iwtuauak bcrLbi^;'1 '^'goxl
^A';;^w4y
J* trLn clqtq - ','e fu co, to'n4;lrn* t# /aurli^
(tti, f c'u))i= tc,J,
-tr,toa n'WAnornh.b-
t1"rrnce..ffse

to XU ")t Xs Xu )L5 )t-g


@
itgi.PjryL*g.L- y.#g,Jqd '
prec z,r-rise

ln4*'*"^r^
l*"*t

fu) Ft x), F'( r) , F" t x) c u- lo,"tr; non Lr ,(L b ,D ,

kle c[n^ofu , P'(xr)= Tytf G{^01 1,,(fu*) _- mi


F(r) = (u n)'ntf-r+ (.t- r-'' ,f /4r' n-(r, ,,X G - fr'ni ,'
0t, $;-,
+(rr-u-) lr:11" -fr'fqi\1 .

Par ;fu,ruol l-'xu -r,h7,


n
tru Ia Lt- fr' Lfvti+r t 4,!q-+rftl - ( ( ft.,,- 2 *.+ J"-,)
rtlnoal , i-- t ,a ,
Too Octc[Ltioruol C4,,r.t.1.?r,,rl Ue !flcevt tin r'^,'n altia fo&tt"t"6
5 q
*-*-
i) " t"lo= Iy'[n.- 0 (Not-ttul Stti.^,)

: B" itfu,trrc[ t)0-r ,x), udttrt.u,'...dfu,ir ar-


o8fu)rr

Ftxl =klt u x)3rrLir *@ -rr,. ,f nu+ (ri ,)


I'^fi" ; hr(l,,,1t (.t" o,)16{,,
Jt)trlr: r3'J
,0. ^
Wf- \;rf V*", ch,gr;La fW4= o: ft, (*, It^t fi"fu,,tw.t o r* rs).
r 7@ fto f- 1,2, - ,Yl cl4up,&{ uuJ.tto.r ru a,.d N, &trch1t,ot
ry
-

+. {r"L/tin tt4Ni+r(f rl'= el"*, 1*),t, *


.*t l,,rl
= 1"
=a 2'' ru$a*t y ^

ffi*^,h'X, #,,:trU#il:;;4
4&IA fr'ncl {x; otfller"rul s$-i,.Jln,*fu a*d .t,htttat, al Xqat
P
Qq Ebh&. llu cr&ic xpU^l $- n"t $atbwi'"X d'oLa-
X,,CL25
2- -6 -a 2-
['
ft,"'-tru irufu,r.ru{ (%fu,"ti), -tlt[ r.rrbh r-;plfuo it'
Ftr) - J i-
L(U-x)3rrti-r +(x-l(i1)srr1it tl(i x)) f,'Ni t\
6fi -; (r_&",) I6}1 --frrn;T ^1,,
u.oith [YIo= /Y1s = C &ral i" 7,)i ' n; Lua alw faut''
/,t
-lroIrt'li-r t4rl'L't[vL'*'l = e'tfri
t*2-]"* itl
rtsu
'frs'lrr,lot tlrflrM
1, ,{ ..ft)
t-*6( lfffosx<rl
IYL t 4ttztr(3= a($z iS,,{')
Ik*7tx€2:|
Rqur mr-r4rnr*M[c,= 6.I A-2-'(e)iL1 =g6,
M3 t 4fY1v t n1r= a Lz- z( A)+ (e)J = {;
P"*3, frto= fflb= D urr c1et,
fflu -r 4 nr] 3e
4fAz+ Mr= :I&
dntt,f,.1 urr yI, = 4"8
D1r , N> -- 16"?,
Ftcrltp,
Sr o< x-. 1
Ft r) - +6 lt'-x)3mo t t,x.-o)a nt,* (l-x)
(e{"- rro).0-0 (e
f,r-r"?,
= (r^t) tr + "t [ \6 '4"a)] = o'bx\ 8'8t t &
+ [Ctet"B)t
{"" r +x:2-
" x)3 r\ + I
F(x)=
*lt, (

=
tltr-rf tQ'a)t
TFW = &ar*- z, 6'x\ - s'& x +o'&
F.* 2- <^t * 3
Cix) = t (r t)3 flr t t.3- x) 1 *
P -frlrv1, J-t ('( )-) f'lt ft'rr
tlts.x)3rrlr
I rel -rs-&1 ?+ gxr) ( l6 B)4 -6 t."b[.',1- x) t I o-x-24)
=rz['
+ rtt- t t6.gt5+l5l.2xe--31 6'8tt'r&zs'L1
?r + 3q'L
= - &"8 t3t &5'o1 tr-- &'bx -lo,,ttat-ont aA
cr't'l
ltutrpf , )rJfi, OpU^U -fi,' d\p'u,o1i"tot'"u0r
bet^d..q
trdqrtul Cubic Ahb*
'g' g)ft L
D'B 13-
o,rl
I

Lt,t)dr)-'3'6x'L-5'2'xro"2
7t$)-d'B'rlt&S"Lry\-6t'b9(+301"'l
t*? 01'bi'&r"'l'f"ail't?un^
W cl.oto- / Dbk'j'' cu-broc'
W;*
' *- v

x:0
Jt'rl: 1 L 35 24t+
D
M3- o ' I{or'nce- h'd ovt €lIL;*r "k
urj th tl.-u eM co,nAita^' rY\g -

lua
J,o.ln fo( *l^r i^fuu'u{
^,(ry,.li ,1)r1-0't "0ubfc
4d*
J3-
*
{*>= x)srqi-r + (I-rt'',')3 r(i t t)U'x) [6/t '- ll t't)i'tJ t
k[t* t"r-lt,-,) t e {r -'t,'Mi t I
W i= J,L, ,rr" tu.l. l\N, -O
t'f rY\i-r t4Mt,^{J?l=
j,$,"', -z$"" k-,1 -O
tfuu , A= I
ftarnCu),yo4'xe!,
fnui 4M,r Mr=- 6 t.{, -z$,-f")
t<xcL
$r
6 33-q.rt1-lBo
lY\r t AN\L't /ltg = 6 Lt+U- L6t)): I oBo

lVIo=- M3 = D
41t1,+ Mr =
Mtt 4(b= loBo
l&o -o
%
jofiirr.{ u{
3*,
-@
rvh= -Ltt, t'lz, o?
q6

{ont O 37.s I "

'4u4co,
Fr^r) !'l6 IC,-x)3rnot
t' [ 0' rrr L +G-*)Lch rvro3 ta-"), *
J,
,r,3 _

tG *) r'l + e tr tnz-Q)
+LtsLzh)
= L l-tt+#+ 6- G'7-r3 6 ,] = - 4L5+ 5t*1
Tl"
F.- l<?.s&
x\=4ltr- "f\)-r (r:l)'rv.z* ta r)t6 L,-r4,3+ tr-r)
Ft
? ' f 6{'-Mztl (z x)(lrtzr)*@-r)( I98 dl
= t[ t, z)1(-2,*) t (t]r)'[z+e')t
=+1tzrt)3(-2,-)rJ+6(?(-l)3t36t&r)*191t-r)]
o
= Eots- $L*1t 6t )L - 5b
frr .t s?-s 3

Ptx)= !t-z)3rnsr
(3 r) G{z-n')t(t ')
tt(3-x\zrr,1
t6fi*-rn|l
= * t(g-t)'ie+d *G I'-:l
^2
€-.) trq s-
n€) +

t'L, It e xrar,)-o3l
l'Ir 6u (fi'l)]
= + I td+-^(3 - &rx+ qtr) t&lOt ( 3-r)t-18)+
(1 L
Ftt) = - q6p\t 4trr x2-g$5rt q rs
Jrnfultrcl- Cr,,Jofc dP,,
Io,r 1 - 4 I-5+ 51+ l

L t,zl 501(3- l6lxL't l6lx- 53


* Lr 6 T5t hthxr- g Bsz t*|5 -
[',21
rF
7Arc e,&TrywI, cd 'x- 62.5 .ri

/,,
s) = -u6(o r)a* .utt-t [o.s)'* 9es (", ,+ T15
= 1r_1 .)5
Fr S &ry,w.n-ice Classea tl Pol,Mfr.;r"k
) -----.-.--- =- :=-
I
\- [l:f -
€) @rys@ ?*,L"i*
+ @
Costl o): L (-ol2 o 't
= + Cal3O *3(.ug
Cort$D)
Cogt4g) = Col [z (ro)) = zCo]>o -L
= z (s Lof g -t)'- t
LeL nb nofinal flu,utbil,
"y a *x,rr*rwnl i" cstO
Tl"!/L Lu (rto)ta^ be u,.0tr-ifrw a,t
Co,s(no) - Tn [rora)

Tg(r) = +*-zx
'Cal(yro *e)
Cu ((nnr)D) =
= Go.r'n-o Coro- &h(no)dfn0
= z Cor n0 Coag - [ Colno (or0 * &nrrp Mgl
= 2 ha ,n-D bsl - Cr{nl)g)
Tn*, tCol D) -- zTnttorg) Co/0 - Tn-r Co a

Trr*r (t) - {x'Tn (x)-Inu (x) fi7t Lr (eul,t,ro,n w kilsfiiry

T.t'r) = 1
Trtxl = +L
-to( rt)
Tztt) = &ttl- r TLI r) = 2etTr t%)-
T5 (t; = 4vz4x
= &wL- t
Tr (t) = &2112[ x) - T, '()
(

z &Xtotx)-r ) -YL
z 413-aX-x14v\-zx.
Tq[x) = &rt ta(t)- T,rtx)
+ Ckb^/st 0, Potu'nnmiai- trl ttu $rct lci'toJ ', il" = o' ! ' L 3' -
,.ei*,'@;in**^*
(
Julc,ffivl
-Ir ( x). x.
Tt['rt) ' L,
Gnol -In.r ( x) = &x Tn trt) - Tn -r (x) 'J". ail ^/L 7t L ,

D
t'

t[ * lrluorLf* rf ?Lr $* ^>/1.


(gl Jn tx) - ,*ttl ,,o*,reu tlx,
\n i eutu, Ein^ilg{/t

lo',u oelcl ni oolol,


f,o,.l.^i S, 1
(.4) (om {Lt, n,'rn7/o
-f" n(x)
( Jrn 1rt)) - Tn

o4 r)
o

J,'* [roro) =-(wrb8,-p)


T- ( Coo,1*o))

T*(r" tt,,o))
(r"? 7N dct".r
t6) (o,sfu ?
%Trfx)
T"tt) =O
T. [to,ro) = Cu (vro) = o
Pu*tA D/ T"(x) oru:-
cor b{t-,)
\zh. I k=
\
t,2,- ,n-
'=
l^f+-i.^)
\ 2-n
cor (# ^)
z h,r ((2kr) +) =. c
'.[,0,"'; l,(n)=JS -^lrf; "))
I t-l -i^;* [ br Itt')
k=l \ "- 2n ^J)
'ft7L

-f,tt- 'f (x-cut) u^$[rt-cN+


0
b'luw 2 1o('r) * L-T, t q) *+h rt), w"tal-in[
E4 hl4l
(

dd=&T
W = & T.tx) +rrt . _LTu -(x) e()
E
= &tL) rJ *+ (81,]- 6ru*r)
+[ary.u
= &- -Lj- t*a*ru-N'nL
4 ' B
-= ry.'- 5-x't -la
Lln

1= T, td
"l'= LLl,lx) + 1'(lt)l
\\ = -yfl1rt rt) r la('t)]
AL

,)t\ = + 41>cx)+ T'] ( o() l


i frTo[YJ
.lt6
= -L-lto-t1 tr)t BTg(t)t Ts(il)
L
l6
l- [ ]r1.('.r) t Trt x)t 6Tq (1) + Te t,t)J
\* - '5L -L 's
L-xa t 2 t + lsltt) - hT,lr)-t Tu lr) ]
L-x'+ a"( ar) + Til x,)" t x)
A +rq
L- iotx) + Ir lx[ * lul x) * x)
,[ +To(x)'r *Tv
t

1;( n)-+T.(r) -Lr,rvt)+ 1ilx)-+1,tx)


+T"(x)+
5 t(t) + L r,(r)-r t) +rrf
C LavreLos
- Ecsnonru'ra[6^ t>] fo,xl rr\r'4-tll
I

FI
,r
ffi
tl"c r ffi
I ;il
l'** {,*
\
d *F*n{*;* D
po,u'aszi'i'r n' x i n

dr"*n,
{tx)= 9- arrt, -L'x<L
Lt t'=o

Tl.on Lrr.{ clunwy (ach f,o*,oal z i' 0 -t't'fu''wtt %'/ub1sfuu


*dr, nnyt,o,,r* n ^.,(l o* .Ul th - D
-A
=
froC,"Tr'!r)
tr,'0
r rru h,u^cot, dil,L; (.r) ct T^lN), r-t on 1^a Wl,il tsou*,
I (x)-@
fn(x)= ! u"Tr @
r: a geoc) **-"'-:\Fxinc,lidn j" {t) t)* se-n\e'
lJ
int

nre,'^r t{txt - frt*ll .lG*' l+lC71nt-)+ =9W)


L', d -tr)'*u rnat
k^;tfi'*r. , "i -ir ps it;te b d^ol lru rw*"kL
i' ?.' o) ** y:il:i^: y*1ffff:;i
n'

il -JT n on;* o,

::ll[:,+#,*H'*wmf"
f"onirno6"''fl $,U bor rou ta 7't
agj lTnor r)^L' ber[ -f.- 4p**rnatio*qdTu
==2: ^
--fr[-t,t]- 'r

,u lut,
ry E"h*d^X xu -rt. fu.,tw"r \ ct"U,Xal,t,
f"4,,-;"t
dl= -}t"t*T,i*T,6 tlt
$nreT,{ J.,\o

T0 (ww sc x)
$
ecr).- ,(Y- (+To-h
!p,:o i i*^ \,
+r): *7.,
Ror,"ce :f0.0, trwi)aryvt{rt nn mial o 3 ov -bnc La
qu rtft*:1 ,D t +P"vi^at 1 Yru
(JB
T-T"
+ )1,= +.+[rx'-r) = x\-*
E, (5 -xl o.
'1,

Iq,2- Eto"uorniA 1[u ]o*n osr,,t'til, Aintt-n QQ


a, ba 5o*O
h tlnru A1T.
1,u.,,t "t#t
Crcctr'to;f

skr'1r J -
M T'.uu"ttadl"
,Ait= ry-t* 3-1oo

tut
h*d{\ 1t0 fo^.t
t
olrrr.rr ,il ;-j^to cl,.rbllLo, Ft^rtot
v
Qet,
J,Ai,r j1 r, r^r) - 1 I'r f BT, + rrr n)tl .# le'l,.j]llil{,,,,
+6L+
l+
l- r x)
leo t+
L T"Cx) \l

! 1, tr) - LLgT,tr)+ Ta(rt[' t


t :; I ro1' t x) + 5]at x)*rurrt)l
LLt lzoxl6

! +?i -lirt \ -
fu,rb(r,
*
*;rs(x)
& ".'
T.,* uuvrcob-rr I r-?-r -&

r, i,sffiffi ;m;:
t o.,c
' 4
,\itn G,)- ''otT
ft&'t
^,Lonu,,, (-€ (
' &onor*jrleJ
,o-eIlul -tL:-

Ainyv ffix- #6(,rx3'3x)


, 3Blrt--#r,
= O"9q+q t -'iSOe,ts
octuLaaT
r^rl.iiu" Vr*t Einrt -to ttr to-t "Y J

D*,
i ;j t,I'fffl hHffim;rmffiffi wffi ;,
-gtcrrt0P e/ t="O2. '

b
fcr)- r,et= ^^n- ', ?
l+r
"+r+-**ff.,
oog , LLou$cw
fr=eL= lrt *+***a:
lLo

o 2 6'G
u.uth a .toLrra^cp al t="0l -O
()4n
^y1.:;h;; { . ':-O
,3" tunvn't'|.u'f*'fr*"
r..rttlg $.r(,lul , I

JTor
et= t + flT"* 7,) " *(Sr, * Ts) + d" Isro + LtTz* tu)
= Bt T; *{r, }fu Tr+ *u r. + -l- r,+ A
€'\ " I

ma f.ou,
-T[o
#=.oss. L
),ai'Ian*' 'l'!' ]4'aq 'D
naoqrtt^or,
rar^..! W t4*,
b^/, ^
"t
t/
'i
rr,*'i *fu ^^'r''L
op'nv;"*na"
$
ef, -u,l qiutn
( (
€tr=4r"* +*ro
[r,.
(,11
h.b
P(=
+* *xo..*-f" ^ ., ,

#,fffi ry"#, #fry,{f,ffi # fi x7*


o
L) &Lo^o
l?tl+l
rhar il.,a di* mot
ry
,"^t. &* "LT' h"l*'*i,"L@

u*H# # lffiffi a Serrvnor dTto b"v**i.,L


" t'rrT tmd,^It'rm,

N, lrr) =#r-+ (-+)'


: - I r* lrL-J_x3n. i -a sx!L
-a
,t. nhF-"?*: a, uT; ,w*,h.tr,/,
n;fi*" ft
tt*): 1;!_+lt.i*,.,^ot
t -ttlh on .*i r@l;d,. =
e/ , o I zs
1 "hF"ri
rt Luc *h**,1,*]
f, 1r.) = .
?r,,0 Wef*F1yvorn'bt,
o
Luu 0-n cwn4. : .Db,^uL.r, tvtsrnol'o1-t"an
jfu Iofunaule u
"fr;:,,.*rr:;!
P-*/ ,c t t
l-{.or,.qtvo4, eV.o,i^? fzt x) rr" *r,,^-i cLrrblsL*v ful,nvwrr{*L c.rl
$
B,*!=ot 'ro+ ir," * tl," J) u Jei

: lg T.,_ LttrJ T-,

f,rs= + -+r-.fi.jrl*ou tili;ol sero,ncl yxo,p"t n^h,1,

4 *W'
A#ri" l* " i1 I r"
!*^ 7 ;r"Sl
oi'"'|n

+
"
Dvtil"aqrnoJ ?et t,u,rnlatt
NFx,;€l;* {ffi;* W t(r^eryryus nte rk.a trcsse sse t { }i
Duotrtro,.l
Aii*.[-ua^tn4. 'l U,q, L*oo 'v]*tt""fl*r*rtSttt
r^rt"ic h e .n? [rr"1D
?,ll c."ouitirn.,?-r t lon Ro n.e/ t, :t f^rmnb ecr,fi
"lpqA ettlu-.,q,0na0 tptqnrr^fat-r ,")t(u^N11fl,.1 iu "u tt /t1lr.ol-tral,i
t*fdu C*t
(;l l;u* "b & -'100rc-ol
sro4 in, ct $1'&wr
"tl*^[o;
J,Cn cl,tmto tl.e .ti"*-;ffi,;"^ iullct k'l*'-
D t^/'(x)
J'[:$.,-).,- o, ',.)t
[td {;t '
h-tlttto ,
l,lrU
i " Fk
w,.iol ",i^
^ Y "t ^,t*r
i
JT,.Ctt, Lr-M t-rctita

U=
f H rr,) ttrt*) - fa.#*, *0,#r x)t - - r a|aalll
6o
Re' U $" b- rnint rYv)wr t,u:p rvttt(t fatro,
DU
'dlo tDa'
,3Y- = n
TQ,
F ,rtn Llrl4.ic,r r,.r{ gbfaw,
or.= llr"rr r)Xtxl /,ttl'*l rt ,D,jtA
"
i j hrtog *r) cix
Xi
f;tx) att ,(n)l-wl gt-t-lrog4na[ hnrv*h^Al ar,tol &,r.t uat?l Jo be
7l
a\t0tre.r.rua[ Lo'^r.t'
(
n:f{l , ltlo #r.4* b^il fon'
C^re&r - Sc Wvwidt Ol-L,: ,.ot kaLf*, ?*,eu

h.r,o= Ji, Lxotat


Lt
=
I. lel r L
IJ
f, tot)= x- L
,**1 -torm-r r,-Q! l.a-
|orryffittu,
' ( D= ' [ltrl2- i,rofi,rx) +Q, ?,rr)]] 'o)o
f
t-.l"icl,".b t.. b" LL,,A.
-TUu: ^rr.iJrir_
salpirt,
?u_ O= Cu
Qrro Qc,,

0.o : .rt'/'Po(t)d x
l" Jl*"'r,. =
2
3
flo"(x) dx, | ' .[rt
Jj lu

r(t)- Q(*kr,o 4o( x)

hz, o . - J: utr) t,t ,.)tod z


r,c(r) ,
13 {3rtl,l
0 trr
?Y"*
0
"&ta*ED{
T^Fut iru^,r,*,,.'Y4 l^^ sLserrtt

@ J^hrrt }.l"1
eu& ox
@ r^F"t ru *"il%
o *; -to olrsc-I,
L"=o
Ptt^Y= Au'uztltrJ
@
@ 'Au*rl= J-tr',,tl+*[i]
@ 1tri iil = rtiiixlril
O u$*t= &"i3+tltiJ
6 E*r q molr
t" 'ot.,seru
O dr" i'b
@ B.t r,l = ?ttil* tti I
= dPon+t r(z[il
@ .purartu

0) 6.1 .1 1'"Pi - (d''o^gx o1"- 1)


fB h,*i1= [Sr^''tz* '$ru't'tu)
ilft-tt ttobscau *W'q*(f,"''ttxdr'*^r))
6 f
@ b- tiil;- D-l''se'ruxo)f CN,^L

@ 6-,tg -ryo'b
fri* tt' t\ ' [= n
+bt-
A .tta*
tv"ol
@
t"*-
UNtr- oz
IA
,&rl&uyl,pnn
D;
o

:
-

*Str r urn'l: n'o


-
"!brL
Y::,31T'=
8ncl,r.o * *tA Y^')
Cuo %tL*^r, urith fr=
Y^'T'i^l"^':)f':{ !':*o
"D'{s w'd ft= dits

{ol'r
Z=- = I trt) - (a o, &ho,"..r)
d'*)
! J to-as+ o zu)- { toas-o ls)
{',0'g5)
{toe)- {(or)
D,5
z(os)- ztorl
? to e) e storg
o'5
Z o'9o35 - h ogQ fr- o',5
$'toa4 o'5
J' [o.auJi J to ;u ror2, - { I o'as-o'rrs)
D

= ;lto uH) - { to r:s)


o.Jb
=! (, q +s) eab a+s) ad
- s [0,:r5) llo
O'"2 s
c,9-[ Bs - o"1l?s
o.Ls
= P' fio4 o u{1? -lr= o, to? S
TL= c'2 S -__---__-o j'(o ts) g o.QBBo
D'
d- o l)s ? O' Bo 4o
----r) { U
( o3s) '
Tv =. (or)ur, r 6r)^r, -6rI
5
o.8o4o t 0'0o+o* 0.9BBo
TV o.{qz+
[o as)= o'+t 2+
{'
tAi^9 Ri,hadoomis e,ylnLnl-rt *, ,ilfiJ",{l,
i,hardonmis e,fi;utfrnl-rt;*, rvufhul, tD fl,,t

il.^^US* 1= -L t,ootfh
+ unith +
A=
*,!! n,n
o,o lr 6, .oo
t2 fl,.

tuo4= t (os+ otLs)-{(o's-ollb)


.no 6lr.
#"d;'to.m)
eQ, .' doszY

{'

= r+o0. 66
,t t=.oo6h
TrQr& tom) = { to's*' Dobq) - { to.s -'ooeu)
fr. '/
:
4p8'6s.v
11-f.='0o52
1\
v st oogz)- { (o s- oosa)
J'(DC = tto
)
c
= 3qg .1+J65.

.ol2B 4zt' oo3


3 gq 532+,
hoe 6az? 4oo .oot15
' o o6/-r
sqq Qpe
.oo52 Qol.(t{52
'to.os)=Qoo
r-
Exro,tt in 0,r a-dltalt'nt FalrMJa
;g rt"r
fi,^on;^f $:DY
t9
):,tti^t"'
uoJ
uto,,bl
Xil* {** 14 U! Traco,r"at..n' {"w*
u\l ft';** \'-
E= -
{,rdr,
l: lll
O W9.-41t.l'"ry4 AtuS^'
r.*l,,y1?1 ;^q,*"t^n"-l \x=xn\^f's
il= fir^rrr,,
L}e qef,,
,l --{
v

l=(T*(*.rr;,,-
,r#"[.
"
]:.1; = 1:"Lr-('qt'r t.
. *
ryJ" lr*--o

= -t':tt.r#{'"n
A,hrtxart Ll t-7' @
*,*, qb
--o
Itl
!
ilr'{J+ *p,
J*ildx-Ar=
Jihf^larrJ
6
, tJuL €wrr,r,"
ru7tr,[^J^,",

rt ,,
Lx, ,\rJ
#_/, a^d ;^ lynt ,ul .,J
,/-ht
r u"
dn,
l-t-artc€, il"t IoUL trro.' Ji -
E, _.J;,)
#([r'*J,,n
(P, 0a E'uer;" *'ri[*^u# r;:'l' - ''fl'l''tlno^
'f"l'
ffi,61
rz-*Ia,(6) =
ryAlil,,(g)
l-br,tc€ tld €wcrr i^tLT"!eX^d"t 1lu.f!
;1 o\d*nPr\
I
g E"s-l^
ct- blt^r 'Ll^-r' l;"'ilL' q,'o"lLc'
4f
II **--
]:.'" Lf
+ rx-u)t' +
ryJ.-'* ].r"
l'l€us' At=
$tflot+flL'trJ d ru e E^,, -'
,-, ^ i"f/ureJlto'z'J'
ur,lno,to Ar. JJ !.r ** )N $)Jrre i^
%
lffit rrt=etotft,[=[ fiO * J.]'

P*r-l;l;;![f"$".fi,I'* -o
I'=il""11""#si4;rr"* -@
d,J,rl^r*1 + O"^@ d Fi@ J?r,
At =d,r.p+ rUrf, *# *
t,,*# f,,, #y"
M-gttllJ,ut €-nc;ry aL .6,.. y'.tc,r,.c[ [Xo,Xrj ,or o1,,.-O
Lito'xrl ,L\
fryl ,- - li.'Y:T) i,un V
j, t clx 41 =
(t f,)/..s
3.**
= - E_y,tr) [ ruetlerti.{
( IJru,r,l E Aq At,. ]
10 ,l' D

t-{&otr€, .total
f.,r*F* erro,\ fi-

:=,t'f'\xi\
tu,x,ffir;
-"7"111, t

y,;ffit.(:{1 1_ ,l[ri],,rl
(9)
I-t,rcp,
Itracp, fl.' ,"rr *^ h
tLo "*-,1:
e ^" , ff6 ,ff
, .i o/ oyrtut frq
(xoussia- ryatcrn,s
Qwr-Onof,,* R-*[o
I

un
Il-r Iu) c,lt = l)t f:[Lrl) + tuz F(ur) r -. + D,t Ffu,)= LDiF[u;)
C
;" r

@ Tr,ro io?,t kwnlo


l dtxrdr= f[ H" #iE)
-Gttt ?oi*t k,rruils

.+/
Jl, $,x*x
=
f iB. $ + /rc) F)
t'"

d,K = ar,,)*{t,)J
-L
Jrxr +l$Ur)+
0 W,sN Poi^1 frl\n rlo'

a$
l; $trl dx -
+|"trr,).rs#F")" [9.
@ RnunU i"r?rnta* rrutr"*r, "

dlt=
-, $t*'
+L{,,)t3#(})J
]-t^,\M %iA fub1Yw1n

qg EuqX-uo1, 1 r= [t d*
I *"Y Mt Lohfro }'foi'd- a^d Raolau
-Sro t r.,t
Ju athf

1,lroN
M
'2t/
lr -L-
€.
dt
.lo B{'Dr&,." I

O=D, b=1
!_= b at* bta
= _l -ot+ p+ I

t.-J
!= Z'2-
)(=
r 7,JL)_T
U,Sirug flu- J,rcr^t*,rn^aLar, x=!Lr-} ut obtoiu,

dttl+Qfto 1 - J &-tl2o &


(.-E7 &!_l +J ,- t-T)
= (1,f Gtr)+I
o
2_

(t-rr)"+ z(Etr)+t
2
(LtrJ2* zLt r+
{

I,
dtc
= L lL &db
&tt)+"?ltrl -J, [trD1.:t'',*
=l' ck
=
J-, (r+t)z*&tth l: {t)crt
Lohatlo 3- Poir^t, k,rmtila

l-+[il,-')n4$ro) "$,'tJ
z J- [-l .^ 4 ! r^.1 r\.
T lZ r E *lo]= D5+
RQckLu 3- foiy,t formr*
1,= o z')-22"{t-1 )+ l.02v,V(-o 2BqQo)*D +s^rBtt(.68?er
= o. ln JJ+ O"26il8_+o.o?lvt- .!63J
ry Cbfi-ri tht, clb*xfr,rata **Y
t!'i;";;:fu'x'fu
J,'^
O S11 &ouss Leynau f^f*roU* rrurl,el , *o n = L,z.
(".tdu fi^t5rrY.h"
O rnorhoJ fu n=2,3 U

@ Lokto J'"t?Gt.i'^
^401t^od
'l- rL,l,Z
'
[l- UNttory
f SOLUttoxt 0F ORurrrrARy 0rFFrRE^llAL E0uArroNe

: fl:* #!*r trg:flf^.*rY**


qlr0muh] truth 'rurDeox -to 0.nnth0/t cilurj ruN'
'C,rdAoj, fl^r odll o'toirw.flk;1*"t;'t
{rtt
D .q u
= {,*,{,
^ dqt
kdth fr^t iriffAt cm ddio^

%
ol+exdo"r uq,rfoute
fr @[ofiru q ir+y"rt utat-f"ate.

dj"qlu .$hI ard tv\:.^,[l,t'gr"b rvlp7|hd,t


t::-':i-
-:(:
Tto ri,u,vtncol Xd ,tt", --
a,w sbfoj-'aA-dfu& b,9 At+ il^LnLlfl"uo "cafi't
oL e4rc[ ,Lr^tr,u&lA in ]h-t i"d+€^ol.orf ,ia,"fl*le Ao !"oY aa dclon-
a"J n^i -6drflio/r V +a
t.r.uL Dtrdd.orl ctt \-- W, t-1n0, neut
dtl-|" b^,uit
e{rd"sIfu yin, dt T=ti+r T-t^o rr,tttlnml,r urt",cl" JraW ,t,\'W
"l
nlr^of c"l uolr$ gr -g" c"drrr Jo AuNIW fl,e ftKt uLoluo Y#, #t&t-
*"{ 7*n eyat rn W J;"*f Ol --1.^?te e+ #rfrlrk
'J;t].4-r$fu
fho;^0l1^".1/ wl,'tcl" ,LtlW not *0^J JJ"0 v\u-r^;ncil \f b^LLLalr;u_

olr^g mnr of fu
?d *[r* -t w fidwo] at *,,tdtt'+, n4fi4^rt)
[rr,trO
9 "MrUby@
R UruCrL_ KyTT A rnErHo0_s

mr*ht i;y^-,ffiiq*t":
t,1) ;

r
_cl,{ ,= =
o/r flc A.*J [o
Jfr^,
r,$(to,A") -
/ X;= ["* Xo*17.

_,
A, = 9(otf,r,
= oi = +I (R'+ k,
a, trr* fo
t^ a df,"Ab, rnanhu/L, I)"'!' lLwto"'''on"& il'"tr'Y flilAlt'vd it''ttn-
uor'b *r%I $'"''^"rna:
W^,r,f
rr"d ifdfu\ y;^'r:lin;}l"n')
n", rwr*,fr*a""ott
@@w-g-W
1r^l} rv\plJ.od ,fiw
Iru +Wr;e Adilf'e*vlruf,,r;ttutLrolil!-
U
!wble^,
#= ficqt;[(*l=&
trLfu4l
c(
\l-
L\-
Yo+ At.f
(
( +[hro4hr+hr)
6\
lLo= o
Yo = I
o+o:
at(m,tr.)
l-, = D r totri-D.J
to= +.{tt"t-L,f.+)
0.1 (o.os+ J.os)
h" o'11,
ta=d$ [o**,;r."9)
- D'11o5
tu = 'r".[ [t^*t , kg)
[ot

^F ?itiX"-.zks+hq)
Ay - t:.l1oS&
(
%'l =
TJI ; : ;, {';,T:'{= liliii
hr- o'l5roB
' k*= o-lrzei
krr= D.lr+rrzt
of, = 2kl+-hu) = D'I5 L4€o
*(k,+Lkt+
\|L= D'2, 1r=YrtA! = l. ll D34t o,lbztlB= 1.2428o.
$','ttul, ta,,.a,
fi.l"
IQ,= o'lqt{20
ruJ.,u*
br= D"l 56{+ I
ka= o'lsTlo
hq = D'169q1,
Ltl =_ !- /A,nJk, + 2fu + ku)
( -6\ =

, tra=flztof =l5qq+
to"u), ur! colatetu
Y' l:,=,'/
-Ar
---D"l6qq+ kq= o't9s36,

f;;':;'ff:,- [t=J'n^[ - l's 83e


z)tnt1icL tu
T
ffnt'{ to Da^d,Jto
d,dff }ffi r use ,opnL;;-
11
; #* tutu.- rntn*C
{e,,r,
i "w+il+qwM
T, -t),
{,'ilI flto
tr=6,',{l-[:'
9(o= Ortt6=2, Y-=O'j
h, = {f
lqb{,{o) = o'l tl-o) =
o"L

ht= f'.N (%-r$" torl<'J = o'Ll-


olt)( 0"2-o5
+(krtkr)=
?tr
= =-O'L,
"o+*-
(
Yr = 'lof al
AY=
il"*
= 2'2
2'2A5'

T" /i".1 y (o z).


D ( 9(1 = o'1, YJ = 2-.2o5, d= o'l
(
kr gerr.r,.l fi,lt,,r.rgJ',
kr: o'21 o s
dt: 0'221 55.
AY = I thrth.r) = 0.2t6,02S.
lly- 1(t+{ = O 2, Yo = Yr+ AY = 2' h2lo'
)Lo r) = )-2os: y( t$ ,1=(z h2lo
t<r\fl*et.f;r- MN, ,II
'lilm:l\=.j
CIu
-t_

?.8,*t", = D I (z-o) =o L
f,=
?z * D'2os
Ag = "20525
du = O'21 D525'
AA=
- * (n,t&krr zkgrhr- a 2Ds2*
?tr = 9(otf.:- Qf D'l=O'l
! ,- [o *AX =
2+0'2D52 = L"2osr
i.l-o,-.) jn dftttYvunU
1L= 0(ot{t= O'1-
Y, = LYosY, {= o'l
U
r*Y[rti',.el'd,
- o.2 ro*z
hz: 0'zt6o5.
[a -- D 2t 63LZ
R,+ = 0'LlD525
AY =
( #k,
6 \' +2-Ltt 2kat hr') = O'Ll6'15'
)(>=?r'r *-,- - Q' l -r O' I = A "2
)z= = 2'2os2f D 2161 5=2't{216
Yr+AH

Yto'l): , $o=X, t [o'r)= e'Qrrt


((

IM l{,fro b,Lil"Eto1gr y,\il6df ffd ililqaiilL


ry Usu 0r,^ ge
Jtutl=r, @,an)t=o [bJ",^qurr=L)0'/^d
ffiurl^',r fr: Ak
qeL ,X"^'
-=-1- - -*--
(

l-fuu, I t*,y ) =
p x , %= o, ,lo=L,4,- o'5
Yl
("
I l;rcr-v
kt-
o'5
h, = 0.333
hs = D'623s
h* = o'zzsL'
oil= 2["1zr3+h.') = o'3398'
t l= 'l{-ta'f
Lo '\) = Yof [Y = r5i
1'3sQB
d'
ot'j xott!ilt^ft
l,= f.$tx',X,) = o'2zBzzz'
L-=. o.toq dq
h-g * D'ts zz r-+

h.o= o'o1 9oe.


ol = (.o't&P: tz = o' I scfzlE
* fs+hv)
t"=-? tl'o)- lr+a!= I +9!rB
*iw
;$d:v'
b'/ *irdr''

T*
F 1.n +("['-l;+ 2ld ) r
#, fr1,

lnrlhl' s Cof,'udPf Fc/IYt\Ida

sbrairn tf tou) J*L"t-


Etrrl tA,j^g rdthr l*aiaot-b*4rnln^0J0d,
:q1rr't^ u
Y*"1
_ dri 4 w_
-ws ua1rur
-fa6blrd
..p_\z
o,. d_A1(
d'J -
" 'lL-t'
d, d

#" ")tD= o
['
=
x'-*"
Io=_ I [o'= 1
)LL= 0l Xr= l.tr f,''= I'LL
= O. z
?,,-l-
l" = l-.zs X,: r5z
XL = o'z
X* =
l.Qz
Xs=
l gz
= .l+ als r) rJ[ r,er)l
I"tt.zz)* t.5z
3t\/
= 7.62u66
)+= y;_1{;=J slztt
q d,
rrl,oue,
^|lFl1,"d,rnrrrdot w
=
X+', X"* + t[,,.n*Ja
t; )
= !g.s+ [%r) [r r2+ 4tt"qr)tJ.5 ta ul = l' 6 Lpot+o'

([r' * otr-'*
W, tr,*rz)
=
[,* * Ju,')')
- t' 6t-?io5.

L'64to1e
Y, [ut" [rt +(trr'*413r1.,tr)')=
fn
:(J' q ry. +D'
,Since' t^w'
Wc{eainnaL fb*
G^c,t t
[+' v
J to'k)- l '64r
X* X

_q!& |^rA,U t tr,att rl iru &t^'e},* %+--{ln..{),uJ'*t^L


d' ' ,.lto r) =- \,c2A-
At")=u,o.a r-,GZ6, r1tr)
v[r) = A.s'ls,Yu'4
3.s1u,
LP'qcg'
= LP'qCg
,x,,=0 ( oJr' fltt'4
[u-2
2'Lze
=r.se|
o.s X t =
.I-L=
h, = ,?.&qf
5 t-= 0'5
xv= L X'= b'5qs = 3'2511
X''
xb= L.5 [a = h'cl6B
-t b'ot*'t', *^Xet'
lon'dlth,!
' tr.Xo n
*4t9^s)t .X;*1,, .rdn,)
= a+ @.fa
g* 2.zg15r 6'qaa) = 6'BlJ.
3
Y; =+(?rntri = 4.4sss
(Z
lluA ,CaXltet"d
\,
$t)i * odd,tr;)
tl'= J,*
z 5'sq, n t"9 f 4'+3s sl = $ 6t3'+
E lz.zttsf I 36

> Q,,qgasl
qJ9'= +Lrc,"lJ', l= +[zo6.B13rl)
*, an$Rvat, Ata't^d l'awafr-d Lql4e'

Tf"q P)t , , :J*'*


kt'r"frr,
- Ll- * +[],t
I,,
-0', t,il'
l'
,r, r 1,,
= otr-,.tlJ',) I I

t,-,
= ) 5q5 * f qTstlD.g se 14 4365q1
# LA
= 6"8T $5
[-to-r,.ce, (.8+9.
[,-= tr,r=
FoRmuH
o tbA,'qs-IAouLToNr IpR AbAMS- SASHF0RrH
8d"At @, Wd:'f*t f*t^"ln

=
tru*
tsu:- SqXi -r B+f
['*
A,elorn"r - Uthlpxtn Conoclou fum;irlg-

:=
-v [u.* (r;*t rq{d-.;*ilD
QU'l Udf"q Ad.ar,^s-/vi"qdt6lr) Sa@r^!fr^d t^ #"d Xtr'tDfft'LLr4,
=>J cI-g r)= l')sz,tl,,'2)= l" sdB,d,'D=/'9+9
= trt{+{),{[t)=1, fltt
dx
M 9G, L
ul= ft,,{) d= L
fiI = I'l t, = l'LgZ X'' = z'*0t93
lb = L'2 Y-,= ].W Ni=16':11
Te J.5 lla= t'1*1 Xj=5'oEqsl
lJi*rrx,-.,)
= l'cl+g t 2qL
0'l lSu(s oXu 5,) - 5q (3' 66q,2)t 3 *(d. }ols 3) -
I tr) ]
L 5122Q{4
ttr") Iti+ (rt;.?) = t"yt (t* t.542zq +q)
: \"oo l+021 .

l'-l-ottg Jcbri.
UC
,rl-d)o&.aL
)- Wn,
dr [a' *top rrqtr.J - ud,' "{J )
= 1'qI1 . EJ-l I q f *.ooltozt) t lg [a o.aqsr) - r (e'eavfi
\'ult izTort.3]
Z, L,b+uq q+5

Ltr.l'l]'
-- otrt t L1+ y.,(1) ] t'C'* (t+2"s4+q4+b)
d

r.l 1.")
tr[+'['tnX I -ul"
I
ti")
d [r**
Y[0 tr) =
d

ffi fT li :t :ffi' y,ru:


ff
ry
:i:11
r{,,= o
?o=r \
[i=-1
fiT,#,
.tJ; ",
CI'l
?.-L= tr=g.ts5lr5 f,r'= -0.&51,95
fl.2 = 0'2 t1
= O, }tlp3Fz Zr' = - O'?&123
52-
"
)Ls=0,5 5ol -o'6sQl5o9.
ir-o"*Uqt [e':
Adar^,ta WWW$,rn y*ra b-
U
- 9s *A [ss[a'- ssf,,' + 3t -q[d)
drr ( >Lt X,'
= o'+Qs r 5ol .(4 tp:, - ss(- + srzssz)13+ Fo e
\/ ^r-r::,soe)
t.)*1('r)]
= 0 6896:o1
[X";'= -n"-- (o-ul* o"L el6so?
X, : - O' szg6so?
Tto /n),N&aL Ll,
ffr.*r^la
U LT)

du= 1.* h(tputtfle-?"J, )

D,?4eIro, o 5zeeso+)ttq(-o"e sQlsoe) *


"# Llf
b r - o'? BlJasa) t (- o' 89stru)J
y qLt) = o'6 89 6sz z
([
Io,q) =-
g. 6b96

nbu.fuJ nd*yx,::,*t"l^l-
{s[
]-ho .^6*9te Jfut \fu
ffiffi$ *rrutu S['o'-L ual aille"'a|/l'il] ualu
[
*rl rr^t \*$J**ru*t ue'hrr,.t[''tr"''--' {.l.[l
['"#ffilfi
l-gtort br{ C/,uof,"rL rvUlhncl
(o
1-t *Vw auan ra,'utay q {l.l1? t" ltuP wLrtl4.orl it^ot ruy ilat- rwt
Tvtnr u^eirtttr^^ \lt*uAr#oot,t'$ f ,;f,rt^ l(ou'tr- doVw'qT**#
uor tt, "tta \rurtbw mathutt'
ry^
---? ,f.,oltilirnL e/ Arrdn^lluL: tjnlu, ,d]Euh)fc ?sl!d,h"s @
v_-

t:gr6fi-obn Cr {o,tr
l=.-

{r-ry u^!frt;l -l
%
v-

n $',*tfa^oua -Iiwggl *f*.


EPoIfo^a
v inw u"don&,M aA-
u

Clu 0r qL>t 0 r6tg+ -' - -r Ltnxn - bt


?t, +
+ 0zr?tz r Azs1l,.:|-r - - - t( uXn. bZ
0utr

i( rl
&hr r(, + 0nzflo n AngLg +- +Ann/'4:brt
U.trrg r*oJant lluatffin , I)rt, ahove &nbe u!ilfl!'l*a'J-
( AX= B
Y^
f Ot, 0rz 0r3 0rnl f ryr I I br I
A=lol
,o?'o?t- a*tl x=I1'l 0-db=tbzt

fl^! vsfurlr
CI^l lr^,L^q O *lril^ uf )J,a tuqfiutui trr{ ru&tu^ 1n DbIai*
l(t,tto, |'xu,**
{^!*rtt-*,
ro v,totl^rrd* { ,AC;Afo*o1 fui'le^ a\eth't'" rube 'lax;f;-
bl .rih 1.oo h]re^'-
i) 0iru& rvrail^SUu
L, Thlofr w,rnob*d,t
f) Sruut n&tftoctli frLn[ rwa-ffru',.t qtAa fl^L e,rtoof SDLtrrt o#ua
ffi sf"k *^ a;r"il*
D"*rl*l
uC :.o,^d-etf fnrrou g4'J'l"m/

"b*rtl^*l/,
J"
ttd a c;h;A i^"il:*t tsu^be*e0;t1"ed
i-+*h *i^
oduoutap -rr"oi1 oto oMotd
$ C*o.* uu.,:*m#^c,^r.r
lt,& ,-rtr^*l i vnnlt aohrrq mrcl "d/*ble{t st} W Mr+ aiirv1n\f in
-^;^d"ulfi*wric
wull^Dd Tr^& -r,r acti,sot;t L .,il; frro.| P
f,orlA &gw
In:6] Fti"']vror'inn ,[u, BJ
g$ dotru,u^.0
Wfr y*\
%ni,atrovL
rrutlaod-
Wtu v l*-
3 l-t

ii
2_
to 5 2
6 2_ -3
L"?
tt+ I -1 I Ltl [*]
gslv] In :ol -- L 2 3 q ; tol tY/lraerr mfrnv)
-.€'
Y ro 5 2- I ho
*3"bL+ I

Lb 6L I

Lr tqb-1 ler]
,h""t Rr r- (.-+), R B, (-1s) , R r' (rr)
L 2_ 3q to
0 *+ -16 '2€ *go
*Lo *3+ -5s - g6
0
o -& -2-5 -45 -+€
(ga ), ,Rqurt-C
L L 34 10 1
Io -t+ - l6 -2( -3o I

O o L+3 4s st+ I
/,
L(o o ++ ,a]
offi Rqa ++laa$

Ir 2 3 u lo I
\-.1 / o -q -1 6 *26 -30
o tl3 sq
t

Io 151

o
Lo ooJ4]-:l 2rv
-+" J
I

\y'al't'^t d.P6^ fu -
tflr+.?r(, Q0+ &r(/)t3tg +4ry,u = lD
* 4\lt- l6t s -d6 .tlu z - 3 o
4 lXl* 15 1(4 = 5 Lt

-_221-l Xu z LZLt
43
ryF! &qotu ilr*i,#
q=-l
4Zx3+(+ d=qu
tg= 3
* A T2 * l6t3) -).6t-l) = -3 o
q(L =2

tt+ &t r)+ 3tgJtq{-r)=1o


ltr=I

Jory.l - ?i.rto?tg- #
{rt lo'}tr *7L = 3
&t,+ gtb.+dotg* l*
-t,W-ryT*wn^Nr
Aaemr)tit tv\oJ',ix r,& -
( [nls]=[ro -r 2 f +l
I L 10 -t I 3
L& 3 tur/ ,*]
I

,f*I R,[-rr.) ,(i, (-*)


-l:' ;i iHl :
\
lb
5

Lo E -/+l
5
5t

,Fatr^1 Ks,(-'t ror


)
[rD -r L l+
\A Ilo -lD
rot -6 lrr
E ls
lo o-@5vgo
L lo lo I /"tD
T.--6 I

v {
to)q-*o+0o(s=h
-J9]-
lo
[r- Lxt = l3
5 5-

:htao fls =5e bo


' /olo lol o
,efl &qoko"Uaiim" w@, I

flb= O.269 * 0"169

...rt- e l.zes)=)3
lo 3=t*"') -5.

C-o- = 0'2 bg = o.3kB


toltr - '2Bg t& ['269) = 4
- ,Tgq

w Jotr,o
#, Y#,:fr
€T'af'w
\Y
*;j"fr'\al;"" Nttd'wct -

rt* $^/* 3:^= 7L


,fr- r( .K = L
,N W*1}tll'-
o^lvt a ^ - t. ^(--n.9^,

/^u'
11
ohe.Drh nr'--nn
l )] ii/l
I ( [b-t 2_
lr"l
I T ;; lr, l
.f*^{., , Rs(+)
[.)
\.^ l.3 -l_ 2_ L2
-4 -:L *6
lo 3.5
lo ?/5 +16 Y

R;trl
'F*t \4/
t -lL I2_

o -4b -+[3 -e
0 o -+l+ -1
,]

ftpuab,it
ut/y fi:
{ 3t 2\=lL
-4q
dA
-t z= -6
\t--?3
v -t
4tu =
t+ 2-
ttrE/
_4u_+(ri=_e
-Td 3'
Li
3t-f r ^?ta)=
1z
.lx=-l

&a-+[= "?
&^d
&rr.tl'lolx = z or 1 , $H==', o,
Kefeod,e *l-etu* r; E, ,) u,dt u, *)
jl il.^ ji^L A'tk'^'L :'L
&- P\obsolrrnfr^ ct illeulr]- ,*nh' w)4,e
l.J'-Cq^clilai..no,l '

99 &LsL,r I.t.6I -1j,.0 Off^1n^eYaf'^h N


{t*r*U;oruc,l,
Tl'&Dq = I
B1(tT#.,c+
Cn snl,,rri^q 9^ wut^ Watlow' t,rl ?d *: o a"'d Y- o'l
,\rorrs, *;Ju,Tu(,* *f*
. ;J- ff* Y1'-'tlNu
Tr^o Y1-ous eLcfuu" ^,
bet fur- -
0 { v.+loy = l.o I

ru.u, r,_tr g.Lt;- *#'*,x=-c .t1,X-o'22


l-tstrcp, ru"4[,fuon a1;ililr/, i _fJt Cn4dfficrY"

9!f A e.fitc
d
wu t-t cletaube,l h4 r,.0.
Pr^d
\fr,ilrlta^0gttA\ydt)w,
11-&.1 =.*L d

D 4snS Qty= -r
$sur,ur uil.flLltoa. *WkUt* -,3 N brdrtr^
Y
M Dvr.s.r-*.,i -" W A, u,el;
pous t ro rvralce -"fl^ *t* *," -u"o Tk

ryurtqs'pfo,"r
\' t**Y^\e401;^a
ffi.|"] _,
cr 4sr tt = -L

lfutl u-ro qel *tut"frd;- , j(.8,\-5


Jfl^o
l{-o,/LLe
Y*^*fr* iliU cs^a;r;^sa

d tondrl;r" i-t,*bJL
Tfu glrerdrq AtA) -- Urtll tr4ff "U .ru,il.td !i"t Cwdtt'tv'ruu^beA-rh
il,,t nirtfru A{ o,A"'} den*a andh) \
11 htA) fl^ln/*fu d,\o^qa tn a^b to.Lrrop Nj
r-l -$y,,aLl,
dr*ti cho,n?el , kAfu ^1 htn) $ )s^ge 5;.0 sr/a.fsrnl A*.b {ri C"U$"l
-b k fu Jcr*.trr;^or/ tf h(n) i, A"^,r"lt{d rt*, Jni W iA
D
u:e{-[ - Csrnefhiaaao]
l.l.l 0Ctsrrd'"o *l^o 4E,,Lditino wr"u$a E fl,\g mdsjx
A= rr qq ql D

1,, te I

oo Ls r6 L5)
U"Uflaq
I
iJ"O r/AWrruJdl abrmtrrto totrg \Sru4/L n6YYy.'
U
htf -r+l
r
N= l-u'
Soln
,4
r-til ij 3f J

llnll- = r"w'xi^ttn ailol,rru rcLB \sl-tt4^ tluvtl' f *


z Ty\qx ( lq, Lg, 5o) - 5 o.

ttn'lla =- T/u ri^ir^ ahudrrtlo"grs olrn/^' vwn A'


$*

:L z l^/Lqx I (+*
** +), (+, T, ?),H_.#"*) t
*'l[+"u'H1='u
q?
h.tn) = lln ll,. lln- lL = 15* 5o= {5o.

&ue fr ,f!ht"^)yra
tA
tl,L[ w(oi,nJrrr, CI$Aalrtle4gug dun4 rav{t\W
w\o-ul x-
o t 6'g s, L+
Li,l {l
/htMul lenl"nl '

l^,y*t'^t lct*d[able
**.,. a da^lle' v

*"1t'[tr*frhffi,,*ilf
a/
{q"l-lapl
#ffi#'#"
co^*bodfu ,$M;\d'cnJ
d \pqta;a,, dou nnL
,,:Lrilo$h" fr hu*a a^ a- Ur*putii
t (r -
+qb'tu.rt "'3t+" tdY
i5,,--
Mr\WUqPsU"ryL
D
V r o -t .err

Q"pq
'
ffi;'4" p'o W Atqtrbd*L frtu fr")D deciswn

t dffiil+, raU"*t [.iu ual,,a [auL ban oLtun-


ut r,^
'd, r* o#'rffit#r,
n'o' *W'#ru*\ \ W*
cor,ar:tav"na^
"^efu ultd,trr-

ffi#ffi
GCtptr[orue

Oedsfon
wW
WH:#*w,,.\r##6*'trffi
/ ruT',ff"fi^*m$y&
jfrtqd j3" ftO ]Iui .rC"qq"A fr,d- *N
tl^1 Tte,-Lroi-, c,r n,-l-,-
"$l;o
d, r-Pq
golr";l^
fril-
Al,o.^ld
euLCoY^!"
Wu *
0l fl^t frAL
* Jun l-f^l' fi'! "tti"b'+Ll
,

H,fu ollr1i.tu Jl"ou0d be- crn fl,,!,U-.d/


eq.tedfi^oulsl, dcta &al*t,-o' ctut- 4Y*_
61fl^L ltnn*^ e
+ TLi rL^r^h^ol, or fl-.rn -- cdyr.*^tr^[ "rdlbd,A
*^iffiilr#t"
decisr?,n mdsf^- b4urld
M!,ar'"^
tru "*;"ffi**tUWHL'h
t.u-Y .
*t tt' fl', o.

trl *A.*lWb"b; ,,*#B 4 i^ltt bdbs "Lr M@^

Ul. t r1" E tho hr.tb/ w\or

BPr'ru rudl *4!rH^oxtA y WmWm'


yil*rrurrqhr*ax,A a\'a'a
%W"'
o-^
k0lnu!l,ffi
Ho . p-= -L-t,

$ g{ffiq't* * t ry*,tr o*t'*il'*k\x


,\,1 ,1"
AL }l.0. ffifr
AC

ffi"ffi W^a: o"^Kfr;\PH,,,A

ffiffi
I b"..
ffil I h b/bs,obwrynath'*
co'o'r

FfiHph'#ffif
;-
.to'J-[ru - n'J'
-ithra'Iootr
cl,.ol %ww ,
.
fior_ faibal firt,b:
- ',rd*fffiT"pt" ebsauot',''t de'^rtgd byo "dll JLt
-!,-t, nr,*r,l 1"1 /'t'drt'&
nUy rt or*tu o. ffitr'q;Aar*hleond
o, dpac",'ffi ;^"{ri;$ ,,t,di,a b'ds
@VAirn@- W, /o*ble uc{r^ll tt, t Lt *- -' 7.n ,Rwbe foJq-n 025 a N,"L

W"ffim#ffiMxffifrffiffi'
7 lh& t
ot o.Ukf.t -u"ir xtdffi . Ne
din,f flA. t,i,,nl.g- ssrr^ble
rfitD hDD on ioi^t(JJ,"tl^ hJ e^d s-rJ, ar lJ w ti' T;olngtfr4$Nrt
t-t"li q
"y-*il Jhr ebse-ruxd xo,*.fte loia Y t^t.l U^d tA
{^-U^ .tLJ H' *, 'urieef Hr e^d
D
r*F Fto.

It^a ru4f*,1 of ,'.,$*f;* ul l.to, krluor4 ru rt fuil;,-rz -U^at Wirw


E fl^r *J**uD.il [.t"i lrog:4 L:de.4le Prfrt
urlruru

't"" rh u^ot *fl*&n-cl n -murd{ il;ili wviw


t/
ftviarrur ,ltu(rr'% n' Nt;ut^o6"i [' il^L Wry
\r
ltr-ttu** Olfl"!
+ ,
].aitlfuL&ffur
+ Tto f,rttr'C*ug?on(C&)Jr au-ot 4 udau/
r,l n *d7^tut
y wr,i"tn*tu ,l;"@ r:,,7,*
Acc€lto nr.e Re4iw
1,,\.,

>%t
Actep, H""
Reie$ ru
kwuL
IJvunq
l-tD lur,{-
thh. r(e-^)
fto Falal- Nrdmq
Cdrrui
Lrar aud bett h.*:
F"r^^,r frN.abow Ja.Uf e -lt & Obu.nL^-L fr"aL fi" w'7 fre;^Nl
t.* wLa a,tl -0-rhute b Csr'^tlnL -fi^)o ei *"06
f.t tf*
$' Errcn oJ qb t (r.wd^u*;-'s{rod
..l .===:- z-=::-e--
a^d.lydqg
-:-- Ur,,,ail!^,q,Ls
z-- -:
P,sk)
<1- -qr
-.
--:-D

$ Leruel
rl :-
&, *,0"tr
Aiq"r,rtfd* If jL 4i^frD ,t^tlrolL;t, ptxt 0t tt"t
.;{'"1. r*(t
I'tsL yelran,
It.o Lulrrrl^td .nfsliAfi" ul^ich ru/uat,^ il^l, ililf(et. Wyrw
,").,., e,1

"4
uo,l.u$\
ry.+ ,"
to^cp .il*r*r *t .t -Llaal fl,'L
011 rMe-ol
fol.r O,r-r. Xl^! Cub*t LaLua q nhrupt}*
CutrutwLLp*rtnriU*

frwwW@
a/
1-t'a rt c
nff\ aiah;tt drbw kntiuntu attfu'tbl^o" Tra-clewtal
b3'- {
WaLre* f lt't nr,.'v',at dis,l$btffion
JJ
Xt*
t-ltz
-;-)

,*rffin uabrtt ktt^'-a t' *N" LL


ldtt &'l&uw al*l'
urduau *Jd
filusnL, ,f, v''she*i"'7 tw
o.r,tcl ,-- , &tffi';il..*i* anu .1, c[totu"b
hvt'i* luol
fytear,t Ard bTandatu).fr*iomJ,r1 JLiI el-'iUf
-m L LL:-N, \->o t & ,ULL;A'ALt nfiw"l *:'d: o:alfi-cU -r:
,ULUad pv,klbi4it^1 au,ralJ., {*,,ctr.},r- r! }t'r ruov^a-L cilkl^;b"rib'
Tt' ; L fu;['^o nv",hf dr',sLibur'-wr'"uwm'aarll
1..^ind"
'L'{

Crrc,l Xt"^nAra ofuuiotfr* r, LLrc b"i.fl t at* x:


N I r-{,=*9 ,

l'-t

T[s qr4rh tyl il4 *^r*l atlTa'brlion t2 ,lst[orl t]"a ,tarnaL 'I-uue'fl
,: [.il ni*]r4!7xt'/r,-l- a,fuitL tt I, il
rftiarL Tva fr'n
arcl
filtot ^LF, ^M r\;';;;t^
il^! -t-,,w -' Iau'QrL\darr^'|out&+

ilTrf M,trwy**r[":'m:m^#
,r-**JuJfi ; litt" X"E q@Wk
t-r-ttclaa iI,., nrwrvtal 'J
,dLamcl-a,rc{ Fpun cY tt^l Ncrn^td" Stal''@n

ffio b;;"**tto,,d &e,,da-idlk


ffi*;;^ "*i.!,1 J-^il' *&.r,lr, f- A.]t- W Jw' n$w'ai dktu
=

b!il^,1 or+. rnpanO ar,rd &W^dard *frr.:crm^[-f .T,o *n^d*^"'uJoble


Y .& X^Urd ,tru, Abrldgrdixoo-l ftfurr url Sra'^dcrv* uofr*te'
A;w Undtt tl"!,neywl Auue

o - rto ydp&a^g
0^{ Jod"g "1,= N4L h,Aail ndm
, Atandadn'amdt 941uot9 t-rr^ed
fruert aiu'and nd"
ffi"flJ *rilu i-t t Trl^c aws w'\duLll''t-'

J*p WW bXr=c

Try-y-il*'{-m=#'
neUr*r,q W deJtu iD be d;$^fbufurrtu-LL\ol'1;r*"W7u'
harr4 -fuL aN PYful"a *^ {,rorr
fl *oL 'q,
to tr";"^ '$ M il*;dlilD'L Lil bet,::ctnLoo*dlof.t
-il^an
y ultu
)ulc<_ ors{,Lotrr fl"u -la^3th% \r\\W"l
t7
dz N- lL lt*ttz
3 - -z:
)GJZ

o $fNn}=15,-X= I
Nt)F4lr:1)
?(6-.*)zfLps-*Y
P t.It >t)
: f [r-x > rs-rz)
t Y- --{/
= ? (xzD
z P (o t7L,a) * P (oer <t)
= 0'-6 -"ZqL\
= 0"158+
z pIrr&)
= P(ry<zza)._e(oql-.il
=. ,5 -,QT+&
= ,}ZZB
zqo
d d B.f"

@ P LJ><N L1h)
z

'[ry{+r.*#)
P (-0.6? <Lz- o.6+)
2 ? (oe x- z-0"6*)
4
&x .a4 85 = .t+q *0 -- 4q' troy"

+ Nlchs
-
@
:a'ad
f,n a dqrulle
{ f* ,teutat*fu ryLaaxl vfla(pdohjm; ittt+
sb! &-s Asurr#ia ilil dtAruihudhn * b/nntr,,aJ" f,iwcl,
U U".u rwj,tfuar,fu
^*Q*
Ulat - c^ol ls D

L, kbr^e )'r oN^{ A!-ane ctboua JB


rill l^a^,J "dxnt! !€1ou9I

= p/ 2's
-r+ l-X.X, ts-f+\
-r- -;F-r
\ =/
= P(-o,B{T,LDh)
= P t- o.B. zLo) * p (atzt-o.u)
P( oc zL D"B)+ p bczao
[l= z_o)

| = '2}grt'lssh
I = 'r+h3s
y Wd nuu)bLol dr^otuntu =_ 't-lLl35"x 1tro-D
++s.s = 44+t"fin$
i ii) p(x>i6)
:= r (g>l_6l!-\
\ er)
:=- P Uzt"e)
= P[oex. )* P(otz,-re)
= 0.S-.hz+S2*
: ostt B
ruqp,fu.f rw,r^bU Of lfrt*r*= lOoo its'D5r? I = 54'B- 5 s(oPfnx)
fif)
"
P(x.s) o

-?l\-\-g_rq\
\.r- AEI
z P(r LGr.q)
z P (r zz-+)
z ? LoLzm) - P(oLLtt ,r)
= 0'5- .4qlB ,0o82
=
W ruwU+$ AL*d.s,^,L,r =.0Db2-tlo-o-o= B,z A+D
Qq, ,w; b"
B.zz t^rt*o t,ttrL, o
eu;q,Kb 0-l SoMri^/ 1, 6

ffi** to,B .tjn,t*^Sgg,t}" ftALeyy\eu\ Anidrt*^ -a;^ A *flMoi


"{
loco ureut& ,Lptr exhu3 6u'p- gwt)-d ("t f,U, al*^ fr^oL -1tu' dtls truaIl
*r.0 oh^rq^d %^*rt-aiuu 4p t= &,A *= oia{1i . tZeb c',al {uo t'o
o*d L=vts "rl . 8146. "
Jo['
z==-\= 61ah - {2 intLtl
D L= u-_ - _d1.zz=
_ 2 l.lb ;

T-
=p
J /r.a
[,]tZT2)
z rlr-\> +J- 6b"2 -l
z\
\ l-l D^B
rr----,
l.ztls)
?
= = P[o.74s)-P(o'-zl_-t'15)
\
[
t

U '? o'5 - D' 944 6 - o"ll z)


I f t$tevnA wu,ub,y ul .dnWtto = ,t 2 54* /5o{,
I D:- =1fr5.4yt&strrfpw)

You might also like