Chapter 6

Conclusions, Future Scope & Field Work

6. Conclusions
The problem of adequate irrigation of fields in the parts away from the water source is
universal. Various options are tried to have better throughput with the optimum use of
water. The researcher with his professional assignments for last 24 years in almost all
parts of India has carried out all his experimentation to resolve this site related issues
with a three way approach - theoretical, practical and analytical. All these efforts are
documented in the earlier pages and one can find the dedicated application and
research to make the system perform and running, to suit the local requirements.
While some projects were undertaken independently, some were in collaboration with
foreign partners/consultants.

Canal automation practiced in the USA and Australia was also studied extensively by
the researcher.

The task of improved throughput, stability, and sustainability becomes more complex
due to multi-disciplinary actions involving almost all branches of Engineering,
along with social complexity. Most of the conclusions / inferences were drawn after
meticulous study at site, considering all aspects. It has taken days together, as all the
conditions could not be simulated at a time, and has to wait till next appropriate
schedule.

The conclusions / inferences drawn by the researcher are the result of the rigorous
study and experiences shared with the various authorities involved such as Secretaries
of Government Departments like Water Resources, Agriculture, Irrigation & Water
supply, Command Area Development, Engineers-in-chief, Chief Engineers (CE),
Superintending Engineers (SE), Executive Engineers (EE), Deputy Engineers (DE),
and even up to Gate operators at control sites. The real-life on site problems, during
the implementation of the projects, experienced & handled during the professional
career, by the researcher, Water Distribution Department, and Command Area
Authority (CADA) as well as their solutions is duly considered. The solution

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optioned after the study was tested and proven at respective sites. The solution
obtained with researchers study is implemented at other sites to make it fool proof.

Water Resource & distribution as National Technological Mission:

Social consideration: Water is life-line of every country. Implementation of Canal

Monitoring and Control schemes has social and economic impact on the society, in
general, and rural sector in particular. If drinking and agriculture water is available
locally at remote rural areas, youth from villages will not turn to urban areas not only
crowding the same but creating social issues. In an agriculture dominated society, it is
also quite likely that if one starts getting good returns from agriculture, the youths
unable to get their proper dues in urban crowded area may go back to villages, starting
some industry, there by generating new employment really creating WIN-WIN
situation. We just cannot apply RETURN on INVESTMENT business module for
these issues, at the same time great care should be taken to optimize the cost so as to
make the system feasible. Though advance technologies are available, due care must
be taken to implement such systems as national goal.

The researcher strongly recommends the following basically to Water Resources and
Water Distribution Management organizations in the developing countries as:

6.1. General
 In the totally remote areas, we should start with monitoring of the canal first, run
it for some time and then automate the same. The monitoring will indicate
wastages through leakages, adequate utilization, and sensitive areas for further
concentration. The equipment selection during monitoring should be such that, it
will be used for conversion from monitoring to automation.
 The control algorithm to operate the Radial Gates should be implemented
considering the failure of the brakes, especially during downward motion as per the
flow chart Fig. 6.1
 In the case of fully automatic system, a diesel generator set must be tested at
pseudorandom time every day, and any abnormalities in the functioning, if found,
should be reported to master station for adequate action. Once the station receives
a command to operate the gates, RTU should start the generator, complete the task

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and shut off again. This action will ascertain the availability of the Generator all
the time.

START

MOVE GATE FROM

2 Mtrs. To 1 Mtr.

START MOTOR
GATE MOVING DOWN

IS GATE AT
0.99 Mtr.? No

YES
STOP MOTOR

START MOTOR
GATE MOVING UP

IS GATE AT No.
1.00 Mtr.?
YES

STOP MOTOR

Fig. 6.1 Gate Control Algorithm

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 We must use Constant Discharge Gates (Mechanical) duly protected, at the
delivery of Water Users Association (WUA) as applied at Mazalgaon.
Electronically controlled gates at this point should be avoided, as they are
subjected to damage by Anti Social Elements. The discharge rate will be fixed
before the rotation starts depending upon the judicious distribution of available
water. However this could be changed if needed, during the course of further
action depending upon the site conditions.
 We should avoid using expensive variable speed drive for gate motors as speed
variations are not required, and needs heavy torque during initial operation, as we
have to operate the gates under fully loaded conditions.
 Proper control algorithm, preferably Dynamic Regulation, should be used at least
for the main canal. This will make the water available to any point, in the shortest
time, during operation making the canal partially running all the time. We have to
be really careful in the beginning, since WUAs near the Head Regulator will
always use the water for no reason. (This is generally the case in the developing
countries, as the farmers are not sure about the future supply and get as much,
when available) However the situation will improve as the time passes, as
everybody will know that one can get the water, as and when needed. Generally, it
takes one hour for water to travel 1 Km. Thus if the canal is 100 Km long, it might
take four days for water to reach the tail end, when released from Head Regulator.
 If the canals are not running on 24 X 7, (seasonal for agriculture) the system
should work as under:
A) All the equipment used at remote locations should be easily removable and
installable. It should be installed just before the start of season (rotation) and
removed immediately after the season is over. Generally it will take about a week
to remove the systems and may take about two weeks to install the same for say
20-25 CR locations. However it is very difficult to maintain the same during non-
running of the canal.
B) Communication system particularly antenna should be small portable and handy
rooftop mountable, for easy installation, even if it is expensive initially.
C) Fixed high towers should be avoided; instead feed forward arrangements with
small roof mountable high gain Omni or Yagi antenna should be used. This is a
practical guideline arising out of social consideration, and remoteness of the sites.

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 Solar Power must be used, and solar panels should be installed in such a way that
they are not visible from road for safety purposes.
 Fully automatic system should be avoided. Gates can be operated manually by
local personnel as per the instructions from Master station with voice
communication. This operation should be confirmed by the data received during
the next scanning cycle with proper corrective action.
 Heavy duty covers making it difficult to tamper the equipments, should be used for
systems installed outside the cabin. (Level sensors) Allen head Countersunk screws
should be used for all the enclosures used outside the cabin. Sometimes it becomes
bit difficult to maintain the equipment, but this happens only once in a while
during either preventive or curative maintenance.

6.2. Measurements
 Flow measurement in the open canal should preferably be made with either Side
Looking or up looking Doppler Flow Meter, that neither requires any empirical
constant nor calibration from time to time. It is easy to clean and maintain the in
running canal. The range of the side looking Doppler must be more than the
width of the canal where it is installed. This was the result of the extensive study
of the discharges at RD620 on IGNP for more than many number of days. Ref.
IGNP visit. Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurements were used to
compare the measurements of Doppler Discharge, for confirmation of this very
vital conclusion. This is very essential particularly in the Developing countries, as
Gate Scheduling cannot be adhered to due to various reasons. Generally we get
streamline flow after about 3-4 D of the canal width, if all the gates are operated
with scheduling. However it is found that one of the 2-3 gates is generally non-
operative, and all the discharge is controlled with only one gate. There can be
reverse flow, where the Doppler is installed, if the gate near the Doppler is not
working and the gate on the other side is only working. Similarly it might indicate
really high discharge it the Doppler is installed on the open gate side.
 The discharge maybe measured with Transit Type Flow measuring devious. Single
path or Multi path units can be used, depending upon the site conditions.
 If costing is criteria, Energy Equation using Upstream Level, Downstream Level,
Gate Opening (Area of Opening) with Coefficient of Discharge (CD) could be
used conveniently. However the calculations may go wrong by 15-20%, due to the

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 use of site dependent Coefficient of Discharge factor used in the empirical
discharge equation.
 Sometimes, if the flow is quite streamlined, with defined cross-sectional area, stage
discharge measurement method can be employed. Only one level measurement is
sufficient.
 Level measurements should be made preferably with non-contact type Ultrasonic
sensors up to 15 meters, and Radar Type for up to 100 meters range. Bubbler type
of level sensor should be used where there is no alternative, wherein the lowermost
part is quite inside, and needs big cantilever arrangement.
 In case of large Dams, Barrages & Weirs the Discharge should be measured with
Energy equitation, i.e. upstream level, downstream level and gate opening with
coefficient of discharge.
 Electronic Gate measurement systems (GMS) must be used. In case of radial gates,
extrapolation should be made to have vertical gate opening.
 The Gate measuring system should have 4-20 mA current loops, RS485, SDI-12 or
other PLC/RTU compatible output.
 Single pulse motor operated encoder or single /multi turn absolute or incremental
encoder could be utilized.
 ADCP must be employed before final fine tuning and commissioning and must be
used at least once a month for fine tuning.

6.3. Communication
 Avoid any line communication including fiber optics. Wireless communication
must be used.
 UHF / VHF communication should be preferred for small coverage areas up to
about 50-75 Km range. The antenna should be of rooftop type. If needed the
FEED-FORWARD type of arrangement should be implemented.
 Repeaters, if any, must be powered with Solar Power.
 VSAT working at extended “C” band, preferably with Indian satellite should be
used for large coverage area or hilly terrain.
 Avoid using GSM/GPRS type of communication for critical control applications,
but could be used for sending general parameter information.

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 If needed hybrid type of communication could be used depending upon the site
conditions.
 The present status of the canal should be uploaded to the web server, every hour
for authorities globally for Decision Support System (DCS).
 In case, two or more stations are nearby, hybrid type of communication should be
used. One can collect the data using low priced small range communication
system, at one location and then communicate with Master Control Station. This
will save many multiple control locations.

6.4. Power Supply

 Use utility (Electricity Board) power supply, where ever available, or possible to
get it, with sufficient Inverter back-up with added Diesel Generator.
 Solar Power with at least 72 Sunless hours must be considered for remote sites.
 Diesel Generator should be used for Gate operation. The generator should have
adequate Power rating, so as to operate one gate at a time. The rating should be
twice the rating of the motor used for operation, as all these motors are Crane duty
/Inching motors and may draw 2 times the rated current for short time during
starting under full load condition.
 Battery Charging should be done with isolated power source.
 Very expensive, difficult to maintain (Batteries), Inverter type of Power Supply for
Gate Operation should be avoided. A delay of 1-2 minutes for Generator start up
does not make any difference, avoiding high initial cost with large maintenance
cost.
 We should avoid any equipment working on Three Phase AC mains, directly, as
single phasing will stop operation of the system, though it may be better for power
distribution on each phase.

Future: A use of Hydro-Pico Generator easily installable on any gate will be

most useful. This type of device will solve almost all the Power Supply Issues.

6.5. SCADA, Computers & Displays

 Separate Communication System (server) should be used.
 Separate server should be used for Decisions Support System (DSS), with data
storage.

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 Desk-Tops operating on Windows, should be avoided for any ON-LINE operation,
but could be used for the Off-Line data manipulations, modeling and off-line
research.
 Separate Server must be used for simulation software.
 Locally (Domestically) developed SCADA software is preferable as reports
required are in different formats, languages, measuring units, even at later stages
when the SCADA has been commissioned and running for some time. This is an
up gradation to system as and when required as the overall system progresses. We
follow standard daily routine from 8.30 AM rather than 00 Hours. We have to stick
to this methodology as all our previous data is stored in this format only. Our
Water (Rainy) Cycle starts from 1st June at 8.30 AM, instead of calendar year.
Sometimes it is very difficult to change rigid SCADA to change to these settings.
 A large Display generally visible to everybody should be presented on the
Geographical Map, rather than Line Diagram.

6.6. Instrumentation and System

At this juncture, this study emphasizes the need of utmost reliability and repeatability,
to be running & maintained in the very harsh atmospheric (environmental) conditions,
like High temperature - High humidity, Heavy rains, Freezing colds, Chilly or Hot
winds and even the Sandstorms & Hail storm, even at the cost of some accuracy, as
all the measurements are more relative rather than absolute. It is advisable to have
100%, reliable (working continuously all the time) with 99.9% repeatable, as
compared to even 2% accurate system. “High Temperature – High Humidity” is the
worst environment for any electronic equipment. High humidity is an integral part of
these sites. Very fine sand generated due to sandstorms, is another problem with
electronic equipment.

In the case of SCADA relating to water sector, parameters like level, flow, discharge,
air & water temperature, humidity, rain, etc. do not change fast in microseconds or
milliseconds, so slower (1 or 2 samples/Seconds 12 to 16 bit) but more repeatable
system should be considered for implementation. Eight-Sixteen bit computing
system should be quite sufficient, making it most cost effective at Cross Regulators.

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6.7. Installation & Maintenance of the System

The installation of the system is very crucial part in running the system continuously
24x7. All the precautions must be taken to avoid any vandalism, as most of the
systems are installed in really remote areas. All the sensors should be installed such
that it is difficult to reach them. We must take care of wires and cables, and should be
routed through strong Hot dipped Galvanized conducts, making it failsafe against
atmospheric conditions and malpractices. All the wires must be ferruled properly for
easy maintenance, with all the instruction manuals and latest circuit and wiring
diagrams neatly stored and available any time.

6.8. Training to Staff

As water sector is governed by Civil and Hydraulic Engineers, it is required to have
basic knowledge of Mechanical, Electronics, Computers, Instrumentation, and
Communication making it is essential to train the staff, for operation & working of the
system properly. Thorough training must be imparted to understand the implications
of Alarms and Warnings, and the necessary actions must be taken. Sometimes taking
care of warning at proper time, can save the biggest digester

Since the total water sector is under the control of Government Sector, promotions
and transfers of staff are the part of the normal duties. Care must be taken, that all the
staff, at any site should not be transferred or promoted simultaneously. The transfers
or promotions should be in rotation, so as to keep working system in operation. It is
also advisable to have group training for a week in a year, regarding all the systems in
the state.

6.9 Field Work:

1. Name of Assignment or project: Consultancy Services for Dynamic Regulation of

Mazalgaon Canal Project
Year: 1995
Location: Parli – Vaijnath, Dist Beed, Maharashtra, India
Client: WRD, Government of Maharashtra
Main Project Features: The project comprises of the dynamic regulation of water
through control of cross regulator radial gates from the centrally located control

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station, using RTU's, various measurement sensors, VHF wireless communication
network, Computers and SCADA software. The implementing agencies for the
project were GERSAR, France.
Position held: SCADA, Communication & Instrumentation Expert.
Activities Performed: This scope of services included resolving the design problems,
quality assurance test of all the products /equipment to be used in the project, testing
of the software for the Irrigation management, demand supply analysis, estimation
and planning modules and real-time telemetry. This also included the liaison with the
custom authorities for clearing of imported goods, inspection of the equipment, co-
ordination between department and various implementing agencies, resolving the last
minute issues arising in implementation of the system. The job also included
Indianization of some concepts and ideas suitable to Indian conditions. The entire
implementation was supervised by us for international quality standards.

2. Name of Assignment or project: Telemetry SCADA & Measurement System for

Rajghat Canal Project
Year: 2004
Location: Madhya Pradesh, India
Client: WRD, Betwa River Board (BRB) Government of Madhya Pradesh & Uttar
Pradesh.
Main Project Features: The project comprises Monitoring of Flow, status of control
gates, construction of flow measurement structures along the canal and collection of
data from zonal and centrally located SCADA stations using RTU's, various
measurement sensors, VHF wireless data and voice communication network,
Computers, servers and SCADA software.

The area spread of the system is about 300 Km of main canal and its branches and
distributaries, two major dams, two weirs and two barrages along the canal network
covered through 10 SCADA Stations, 55 Field Stations and 2 Wireless Repeater
stations. Majority Field stations are powered by the solar power with battery backup.

M/s. Mott Mac Donald, U.K. was the consultants for the project. The project is
funded by the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC).

Position held: SCADA, Communication & Instrumentation Expert.

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Activities Performed: The scope of services offered was designing the system
catering to the requirement framed in the bid document including wireless
communication network for voice and data, instrumentation, measurement devices,
wireless data communication devices, power supplies, computers and SCADA
software at Zonal SCADA Stations and Master SCADA Station. The Scope also
included the design and construct flow measurement structures like SWF, Replogle
flumes in existing canal for measurement of flow, liaison with the Consultants and
Department, resolving the last minute issues arising in implementation of the system.
Water allocation and Management of the Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh was the
issue to be resolved being interstate project. Improvement in the efficiency is the main
goal of the system. The scope also included commissioning of the system, training to
the operational staff and maintenance 2 years.

Construction of field control rooms for housing equipments at remote canal sites was
also included in the scope.

The security and redundancy of the system in typical Indian environmental and socio-
economic conditions was the main aspect of the system and the designed system is in
operation for last three years.

We have already received the contract for maintaining the same for next two years.
We have the complete data for last five years.

3. Name of Assignment or project: Design, procurement, manufacturing, installation

and commissioning of computerized Automation System for Nagarjuna Sagar Right
Canal Pilot Project including, instrumentation, electrical and mechanical works.
Year: 2006
Location: Vinukonda, Andhra Pradesh
Client: WRD Government of Andhra Pradesh
Main Project Features: The project comprises of establishing computerized
monitoring and control system for gates along the canal from centrally located
SCADA station using RTU's, various measurement sensors, VHF wireless data and
voice communication network, Computers, communication servers, terminal servers
and SCADA software.
Position held: SCADA, Communication & Instrumentation Expert.

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Activities Performed: The scope of services offered includes designing,
manufacturing, installing and commissioning the system catering to the requirement
framed in the bid document including RTU instrumentation, measurement devices,
communication system, power supplies, computers and SCADA software at Master
Station. The Scope includes the liaison with the Consultants and Department,
resolving the last minute issues arising in implementation of the system.

This also includes development of SCADA software modules for Irrigation

management, demand supply analysis, estimation and planning and real-time
telemetry. The scope includes the establishing full-fledged workshop for the
maintenance of the instruments / equipment used in the system with all test facilities
and required spares.

The communication network is built with the high end digital data radios operating at
9600 baud to achieve fast and reliable data communication.

The area spread of the system is covered through SCADA station, 30 Field stations
and a Master Station. Majority Field stations are powered by the solar power with
battery backup.

The canal regulator gates are operated with our patented technology “Solar power
operated DC-Actuator”.

Manufacturing and erection of the canal regulator gates, gauge wells, field control
rooms and guard houses was also included in the scope.

The scope includes commissioning of the system and training to the operational staff
of the system.

While designing the system prime importance was given to problems related to
availability of the electrical power at field stations.

4. Name of Assignment or project: Computerized Remote Control System for Water

Distribution Management and Canal Automation of Surya Irrigation Project.
Year: 1997
Location: Suryanagar, Thane Dist. Maharashtra, India

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Client: WRD, Government of Maharashtra
Main Project Features: The project comprises of irrigation and water distribution
management system for the canal network under Surya Irrigation Project. Establishing
telemetry field stations with VHF data communication network
Position held: SCADA, Communication & Instrumentation Expert.
Activities Performed: The scope of services offered includes designing,
implementing and commissioning the system catering to the requirements framed in
the tender document including communication network design, instrumentation,
measurement devices, data communication devices, power supplies, computers and
SCADA software at Master Station

This also includes SCADA station equipped with the SCADA software and industrial
grade PCs, etc., Field stations are powered by the solar-cum-mains hybrid power
supplies with battery backup.

The scope also includes commissioning of the system, training to the operational staff
of the system and maintenance of the system for 1 year.

5. Name of Assignment or project: Telemetry, SCADA & Measurement System for

Rajghat Dam Project.
Year: 2005
Location: Government of Madhya Pradesh
Client: WRD, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh
Main Project Features: The project comprises of flood forecasting system for
Rajghat Dam including establishing telemetry rain gauge stations, river gauge stations
and repeater stations with VHF data and voice communication network and two
SCADA stations
M/s. Mott Mac Donald, U.K., was the consultants for the project. The project is
funded by the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC).
Position held: SCADA, Communication & Instrumentation Expert.
Activities Performed: The scope of services, offered includes designing,
manufacturing, implementing, commissioning and maintaining the system catering to
the requirement framed in the bid document, including instrumentation, measurement
devices, communication devices, power supplies, computers and SCADA software at

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SCADA & Master SCADA Station.

The area spread for the system is about 25000 sq. km. catchments of the Rajghat and
Matatila Dam covered through Nine (9) Rain gauge stations, Five (5) River gauge
stations, a weather station and two (2) wireless repeater stations. The longest distance
between farthest stations is about 450 Km.

The Scope includes design of the communication network suitable for wide area
spread with minimum number of repeaters, power supplies for the field
instrumentation, selection of the locations.

The scope also includes commissioning of the system, training to the operational staff
and maintenance of the system for 2 years.

Field stations are powered by the solar-cum-mains hybrid power supplies with battery
backup.

The security, redundancy of the system in typical Indian environmental and socio-
economic conditions and vast area spread in hilly area, was given the prime
importance while designing the system.

6. Name of Assignment or project: Computerized Remote Control System for flood

forecasting and flood routing of Upper Wardha Project.
Year: 1996
Location: Morshi, Amravati, Maharashtra, India
Client: WRD, Government of Maharashtra
Main Project Features: The project comprises of flood forecasting, flood routing
and water distribution management system for Upper Wardha Dam.
Position held: SCADA, Communication & Instrumentation Expert.
Activities Performed: The scope of services offered includes designing the system
catering to the requirements, framed in the tender document including
instrumentation, measurement devices, communication devices, power supplies,
computers and SCADA software at SCADA Station and Master Station.

The area spread of the system is about 5000 sq. Km. catchments of the Upper Wardha
Dam covered through Eight (8) Rain gauge stations, and Two (2) River gauge

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stations, a field station for each canal head regulator of Left and Right bank Canal,
system for the pump control and area lighting, drainage gallery lighting, etc. Field
stations are powered by the solar-cum-mains hybrid power supplies with battery
backup.

The collected data at the control room at dam site is made available to the decision
making authorities.

The scope includes commissioning of the system, training to the operational staff of
the system and maintenance of the system for 1 year.

The security, redundancy of the field equipment in typical Indian environmental

conditions and vast area spread in hilly area, was the main aspect of the system and
the designed system is in operation since last 10 years.

7. Name of Assignment or project: Computerized Remote control system for flood

forecasting and flood routing of Arunawati River Project
Year: 1996
Location: Maharashtra, India
Client: WRD, Government of Maharashtra
Main Project Features: The project comprises of flood forecasting, flood routing
and water distribution management system for Arunawati Dam
Position held: SCADA, Communication & Instrumentation Expert.
Activities Performed: The scope of services offered includes designing the system
catering to the requirement framed in the tender document including instrumentation,
measurement devices, communication devices, power supplies, computers and
SCADA software at Master SCADA Station.

The scope includes establishing telemetry rain gauge stations, river gauge stations
with VHF data and voice communication network. This also includes SCADA station
equipped with the SCADA software and industrial grade PCs, Servers etc.

The area spread of the system is about 1000 sq. km. catchments of the Arunawati
Dam covered through 5 Rain gauge stations, and 1 River gauge stations, a field station
for each canal head regulator of Left and Right bank Canal, etc. Field stations are
powered by the solar-cum-mains hybrid power supplies with battery backup.

96
The scope also includes commissioning of the system, training to the operational staff
of the system and maintenance of the system for 1 year.

The security, redundancy of the field equipment in typical Indian environmental and
socio-economic conditions and vast area spread in hilly area, was the main aspect of
the system and the designed system is in operation since last 9 years.

8. Name of Assignment or project: Computerized Remote Control System for Flood

forecasting and Flood routing of Surya Irrigation Project
Year: 2003
Location: Maharashtra, India
Client: WRD, Government of Maharashtra
Main Project Features: The project comprises of flood forecasting, flood routing and
water distribution management system for Surya Dam including establishing
telemetry, rain gauge stations, river gauge stations with VHF data and voice
communication network. This also includes SCADA station equipped with the
SCADA software and industrial grade PCs, etc.
Position held: SCADA, Communication & Instrumentation Expert.
Activities Performed: The scope of services offered includes designing the system
catering to the requirement framed in the tender document including instrumentation,
measurement devices, communication devices, power supplies, computers and
SCADA software at Master SCADA Station. The scope also includes commissioning
of the system, training to the operational staff and maintenance of the system for 1
year.

The area spread of the system is about 1200 sq. Km. catchments of the Surya Dam
covered through Five (5) Rain gauge stations, and a River gauge stations, a field
station for each canal head regulator of Left and Right bank Canal, river sluice, power
outlets etc. Field stations are powered by the solar-mains hybrid power supplies with
battery backup.

The security, redundancy of the system in typical Indian environmental and socio-
economic conditions and vast area spread in hilly area, was the main aspect of the
system and the designed system is in operation since last 7 years.

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9. Name of Assignment or project: Computerized Remote Control System for Flood
forecasting and flood routing of Tilari Interstate Irrigation Project
Year: 1997
Location: Maharashtra, India
Client: WRD, Govt. of Maharashtra
Main Project Features: The project comprises of flood forecasting, flood routing
and water distribution management system for Tilari Dam, Pick-up weir, forebay dam
including establishing telemetry rain gauge stations, river gauge stations and a
repeater station with VHF data communication network. This also includes SCADA
station equipped with the SCADA software and industrial grade PCs, etc.
Position held: SCADA, Communication & Instrumentation Expert.
Activities Performed: The scope of services offered includes designing the system
catering to the requirement framed in the tender document including instrumentation,
measurement devices, communication devices, power supplies, computers and
SCADA software at Master SCADA Station. The scope also includes commissioning
of the system, training to the operational staff of the system and maintenance of the
system for 1 year.

The area spread of the system is about 1800 sq. Km. catchments of the Tilari Project
covered through Four Rain gauge stations, and Two River gauge stations, a field
station for each canal head regulator of Left and Right bank Canal, river sluice, power
outlets etc. Field stations are powered by the solar-mains hybrid power supplies with
battery backup.

The security, redundancy of the system in typical Indian environmental and socio-
economic conditions and vast area spread in hilly area, was the main aspect of the
system and the designed system is in operation since last 6 years. The scope of
services offered includes designing the system catering to the requirement framed in
the tender document including instrumentation, measurement devices, communication
devices, power supplies, computers and SCADA software at Master SCADA Station.
The scope also includes commissioning of the system, training to the operational staff
of the system and maintenance of the system for 1 year.
10. Name of Assignment or project: Monitoring and Control of Indira Gandhi Nahar
Project (IGNP)

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Year: 2009
Location: Rajasthan, India
Client: WRD, Government of Rajasthan
Main Project Features: This is a 700 Km canal starting from Hari-Ka-Barrage
passing through western Rajasthan, reaching to Jaiselmer. This canal is known as life
line of Rajasthan. Measurement of discharges at all the cross-regulators and lift
irrigation schemes at a time, and made available at center locations at Jaipur &
Bikaner was major talk with controlling the gates remotely at six locations is another
task. Communication was also a tricky issue as the area covered is quite large.

Position held: SCADA, Communication, Instrumentation and Hydraulic Expert.

Activities Performed: The scope of services offered includes designing the system
catering to the requirement framed in the tender document including instrumentation,
measurement devices, communication devices, power supplies, computers and
SCADA software at Master SCADA Station. The scope also includes commissioning
of the system, training to the operational staff of the system and maintenance of the
system for 5 year.

The use of Side Looking Doppler was the key issue, as it was implemented for the
first time in India. However it was found out that all about 100 installations are in
working condition for last 5 years, though there were initial problems as usual.
Accuracy was crucial, but was solved by making the measurements at Center Water
and Research Station (CW&PRS).

After working at site at Bikaner, for more than eight days, it was confirmed that the
Doppler having more range than the length it covers where it is installed must be used
in India, as Gate scheduling is not possible to maintain.

The project was completed in record time of four months, with two master stations,
two SCADA stations, and seven regional stations with forty three Field Stations. The
use of Solar Power and VSAT communication is implemented at these locations. The
data is uploaded at www.ignp.co.in every one hour.

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ADCP was used almost for the first time in India, to calibrate the discharge gates and
for confirmation of discharge. We have also tested the same to measure the flow of
Mula River at Boat Club of College of Engineering, Pune.

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