DETAILED LESSON PLAN

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
December 13, 2017

Content Standard: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of rational

functions.
Performance Standard: The learner is able to accurately formulate and solve real-life problems
involving rational functions.
Learning Competency:
1. The learner solves rational equations and inequalities. M11GM-Ib-3

I. Objectives.
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Determine the steps in solving rational equations
2. Find the solution of the given rational equations
3. Solve real-life problems involving rational equations
4. Appreciate the importance of rational equations in real-life situations

II. Subject Matter

A. Content
Solving Rational Equations
B. References
1. Books
Senior High Conceptual Math and Beyond “General Mathematics”, page 46-
52
Senior High Conceptual Math and Beyond “General Mathematics”-Teacher’s
Guide, page 46-52
Code: M11GM-Ib-3
C. Materials
Power point presentation, teacher-made visual aids
D. Teaching Strategy
Cooperative Learning Approach
Guided Discovery Method
Deductive Method

III. PROCEDURES
A. Before the lesson
1. Daily Routine
a. Prayer
b. Greetings
c. Picking up of trash on the floor and arranging chairs (quietly)
d. Checking of attendance
e. Announcement/Reminders
f. Checking of Assignment
g. Presentation of Objectives
2. Review
The teacher will ask the students:
a. How will you define rational function, equation, and inequality?
b. What is the domain of a rational function?
A. During the Lesson
ACTIVITY
 The teacher will group the students into five and they will answer the
following Gear Up Activities to prepare them in the lesson. The activity will be
done for 10 minutes
A. Factor the following quadratic expressions
1. 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6
2. 3𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 + 6
B. Perform the indicated operations and simplify the answer
1 11
1. 6 + 2
2 1
2. 3 − (9 + 12)
C. Give the least common multiple (LCM) of each of the following.
1. {24, 8,12, 6}
2. {4𝑝, 12𝑝2 , 6𝑝𝑞, 3𝑝𝑞 3 }
3. {𝑛 − 3, 𝑛 + 3, (𝑛 − 3)2 }
 D. Solve for x in each of the following equations.
1. 3(𝑥 − 2) = 15
2. 3𝑥 + 7 = 2𝑥 − 2
4
3. 3 𝑥 − 7 = 2𝑥 − 3
4. 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 = 0

ANALYSIS
 A representative from each group will present their works to the class
 The teacher will ask the students:
1. How will you solve for the value of x in a linear equation? How about in a
quadratic equation?
 The skills in performing the preparatory activities should be familiarized since
these will be used in solving rational equations. To get the correct solution for
each rational equation, you should know how to factor quadratic expressions,
perform operations on fractions, determine the Least Common Multiple, and
most importantly, solve linear and quadratic equations.

ABSTRACTION
 To solve rational equations, follow these steps.
1. Find the least common denominator (LCD). The LCD is actually the Least
Common Multiple (LCM) of the denominators.
2. Multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD.
3. Solve the equation.
4. Check the solution.
Examples:
𝟕𝒙+𝟏𝟐 𝟐
A. Solve for x in the equation 𝟒𝒙+𝟑 = 𝟓
Step 1. Find the LCD.
The denominators are 4x+3 and 5, so the LCD is 5(4x+3)
Step 2. Multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD.
𝟕𝒙+𝟏𝟐 𝟐
[ 𝟒𝒙+𝟑 = 𝟓] 𝟓(𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑)
𝟓(𝟕𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐) = 𝟐(𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑)
Step 3. Solve the equation.
𝟓(𝟕𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐) = 𝟐(𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑)
𝟑𝟓𝒙 + 𝟔𝟎 = 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟔
𝟑𝟓𝒙 − 𝟖𝒙 = 𝟔 − 𝟔𝟎
𝟐𝟕𝒙 = −𝟓𝟒
𝟓𝟒
𝒙 = − 𝟐𝟕
𝒙 = −𝟐
So, the solution to the equation is -2.

Step 4. Check the solution by substituting the computed value of x in the

equation.
𝟕𝒙+𝟏𝟐 𝟐 𝟕(−𝟐)+𝟏𝟐 𝟐 −𝟏𝟒+𝟏𝟐 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
= = = = =
𝟒𝒙+𝟑 𝟓 𝟒(−𝟐)+𝟑 𝟓 −𝟖+𝟑 𝟓 −𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓

𝟐𝒙+𝟔 𝒙+𝟑
B. Solve for x in the equation 𝒙−𝟓 = 𝒙−𝟏
Step 1. Find the LCD.
The denominators are x-5 and x-1, so the LCD is (x-5)(x-1)
Step 2. Multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD.
𝟐𝒙+𝟔 𝒙+𝟑
[ 𝒙−𝟓 = 𝒙−𝟏] (𝒙 − 𝟓)(𝒙 − 𝟏)
(𝟐𝒙 + 𝟔)(𝒙 − 𝟏) = (𝒙 + 𝟑)(𝒙 − 𝟓)
Step 3. Solve the equation.
(𝟐𝒙 + 𝟔)(𝒙 − 𝟏) = (𝒙 + 𝟑)(𝒙 − 𝟓)
𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟔 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏𝟓
𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟗 = 𝟎
Solve the quadratic equation
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟗 = 𝟎
(𝒙 + 𝟑)(𝒙 + 𝟑) = 𝟎
𝒙+𝟑=𝟎
𝒙 = −𝟑
So, the solution to the equation is -3.
 Step 4. Check the solution by substituting the computed value of x in the
equation.
𝟐𝒙+𝟔 𝒙+𝟑 𝟐(−𝟑)+𝟔 −𝟑+𝟑 𝟎 𝟎
= = = 𝟎=𝟎
𝒙−𝟓 𝒙−𝟏 −𝟑−𝟓 −𝟑−𝟏 −𝟖 −𝟒
 The students will solve for the value of x in the 1st equation with the guide of
the teacher, and then volunteers will be asked to solve the remaining items
on the board. After solving the equations, they will explain their answers.
𝟏 𝟑 𝟏
1. 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟓 = 𝟐
𝟒𝒙+𝟐 𝟑 𝟐𝟏
2. + = 𝟐
𝒙+𝟒 𝒙 𝒙 +𝟒𝒙
𝟏 𝟖 𝟐
3. 𝟐𝒙+𝟏𝟎
= 𝒙𝟐−𝟐𝟓 − 𝒙−𝟓

Generalization
1. How will you solve rational equations?
2. How important is rational equations ins solving real-life problems?

After the Lesson

EVALUATING LEARNING
Find the solutions of the following rational equations.
1 2
1. 𝑥 = 3𝑥−1
𝑥−2 1
2. =
2𝑥+4 5
1 1 2
3. + =
𝑥 2𝑥 3
3 9
4. 𝑥+1
= 𝑥 2 −3𝑥−4
3 1
5. 𝑥 3 −8
= 𝑥−2

APPLICATION
Read, analyze, and solve the following word problems.
63
1. The difference of a whole number and its reciprocal is . What is the
8
number?
2. Abigail can finish her portfolio in 3 hours while Nelie can finish the same
portfolio in 5 hours. If their teacher asks them to work together in finishing the
portfolio, how long will it take them to finish the work?

ASSIGNMENT
Solve the following word problems. Show your solution.
33
1. Twice the sum of a number and its reciprocal is same as . What is the number?
6
2. A secretary can finish drafting a letter in 15 minutes, while the assistant secretary
can do the same for 32 minutes. How long will it take them to draft the letter
together?

II. REMARKS:

III. REFLECTION:

A. No. of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation.

B. No. of learners who require additional activities for remediation
who scored below 80%.
C. Did the remedial lessons work? No. of students who have caught
up with the lesson.
D. No. of students who continue to require remediation.
E. Which of my teaching strategies worked well?
F. What difficulties did I encounter which my principal or supervisor
can help me solve?
G. What innovation or localized materials did I use/discover which I
wish to share with other teachers?

Prepared by:

RYAN M. POPULI
Teacher Applicant