Canadian Math Challengers Society

Exam Archive
2005 to 2018
2005 Regional and Provincial Questions

2006 Regional and Provincial Questions

2006 Regional and Provincial Answers

2007 Regional and Provincial Questions

2007 Regional and Provincial Answers

2008 Regional and Provincial Questions

2008 Regional and Provincial Answers

2009 Regional and Provincial Questions

2009 Regional and Provincial Answers

2010 Regional and Provincial Questions

2010 Regional and Provincial Answers

2011 Regional and Provincial Questions

2011 Regional and Provincial Answers

2012 Regional and Provincial Questions

2012 Regional and Provincial Answers

2013 Regional and Provincial Questions

2013 Regional and Provincial Answers

2014 Regional and Provincial Questions face off missing

2014 Regional and Provincial Answers face off missing

2015 Regional and Provincial Questions

2015 Regional and Provincial Answers

2015 Regional and Provincial Questions

2016 Regional and Provincial Answers

2017 Regional and Provincial Questions

Page |1 of2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Exam Archive

2018 Regional Questions

Page |2 of2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Canadian Math Challengers 2005 Regional Competition

Page 1: Problem Solving

1. A class of 30 students took a test, and the class average was 70. The 1.
five students who failed had marks of 20, 25, 25, 30, and 40. What
was the average mark among the students who didn’t fail? Give the
answer correct to 1 decimal place.

2. Beta has twice as many pennies as Alpha. Gamma has three times as 2.
many pennies as Beta. Between the three of them, they have fewer
than 80 pennies. What is the largest possible number of pennies that
they could have between them?

3. Xaviera jogs at a steady rate of 5 minutes per kilometre. Yolande 3.

jogs at 7 minutes per kilometre. They start at the same time on an
out and back run that consists of 15 km due east followed by 15 km
due west. How many kilometres from the finish line is Xaviera when
they pass next to each other? Give the answer correct to 1 decimal
place.
Finish
Start

4. It so happens that 7700625 is a perfect square, that is, the square of a 4.

whole number, and that 7706176 is the next perfect square. What is
the first perfect square greater than 7706176?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Page 2: Combinatorics

5. In a game, you toss two standard dice, a silver one and a gold one. 5.
Your score is the number showing on the silver one, plus twice the
number showing on the gold one. What is the probability that your
score is 8? Express your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.

6. There are 5 people in a family, all of different heights. We want to 6.

line them up for a picture, with the tallest person in the middle, and
so that as we go from left to right, the heights of the people increase
and then decrease. How many ways are there to do this?

7. Let A, B, and C be the measures, in degrees, of the angles of a tri- 7.

angle, where A ≤ B ≤ C. How many possibilities are there for the
ordered triple ( A, B, C ), given that each of A, B, and C is a multiple
of 15?

8. How many 4-digit numbers are there which obey all three of the fol- 8.
lowing rules: (i) no digit other than 1, 2, 3, or 4 is to be used; (ii) a
digit may occur more than once; (iii) as you read the number from
left to right, digits never decrease (so 1134 is OK, but 3314 is not)?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Page 3: Geometry

9. A regular polygon has 11 sides. How many diagonals does it have? 9.

A diagonal is a line segment that joins two corners but is not a side.
One diagonal is shown in the picture.

10. Lines that look parallel in the picture are parallel. Express b, the 10.
length of the “middle” line segment, as a common fraction.

2
1 b

2 3

11. The figure below is a regular hexagon with area 1. Express the area 11.
of the shaded region as a common fraction.

12. Each side of triangle ABC has length 2. Three semicircles are con- 12.
structed outside ABC with the three sides AB, BC, CA as diameters.
A thread PQRSTUP is tied tightly around the resulting “three-leaf
clover” shape so that PQ, RS, TU are arcs of the semicircles with di-
ameters AB, BC, CA respectively and QR, ST, UP are line segments.
Find the area enclosed by the thread. Give your answer in terms of
π.
P U
A

Q T
B C
R S
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Page 1

1. What is the largest number that is less than 100 and has exactly 3 1.
whole number factors?

2. Triangle ABC has a right angle at A. The two legs AB and AC have 2.
lengths 9 centimetres and 40 centimetres. What is the length, in cen-
timetres, of the hypotenuse BC?

1 3 3 5
3. Given that + = + , what is the value of x? 3.
2x 2 4x 4

4. If a computer is worth a certain amount, it is worth 40% less a year 4.

later. Alphonse’s computer is now worth $2000. How many dollars
will it be worth 3 years from now?

5. Suppose that a and b are real numbers such that ab = 5. What is the 5.
value of a3b − 6?

6. The cost of sending a parcel is $4.00 for the first kilogram, and $0.60 6.
for each additional kg. A certain parcel weighs a whole number of
kg, and costs $40.00 to send. How many kg does the parcel weigh?

7. A rectangular field is 50% longer than it is wide. The perimeter of the 7.

field is 300 metres. What is the area of the field, in square metres?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Page 2

8. Alphonse sold a house to Beth for $300,000. She sold it immedi- 8.

ately to Gamal at a 10% profit. Then Gamal sold the house back
to Alphonse at a 10% loss. What was Alphonse’s overall profit (in
dollars)?

9. A string of length 120 centimetres is cut into three parts whose lengths 9.
are proportional to 4, 5, and 6. What is the length, in centimetres, of
the longest part?

10. To get some money, Tom decided to sell his CDs. After he had sold 10.
six-sevenths of his collection for $8.00 per CD, he had three CDs left
that he couldn’t sell. How much money did Tom get (in dollars)?

3 5
11. The ratio of x to y is , and the ratio of x to z is . What is the ratio 11.
4 6
of y to z? Express your answer as a common fraction.

12. When an integer n is divided by 12, the remainder is 7. What is the 12.
remainder when 7n is divided by 12?

13. The two legs of a right-angled triangle have length 20 and 100. To 13.
the nearest integer, what is the length of the hypotenuse?

14. If a car travels at 70 kilometres per hour, how many metres does it 14.
travel in 18 seconds?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Page 3

15. There are 12 tickets (numbered 1 to 12) in a hat. Alfonso takes two 15.
tickets, chosen at random. What is the probability that the sum of
the numbers on Alfonso’s two tickets is odd? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

16. The number of cubic millimetres in a cubic kilometre is 10n . What is 16.
n?

17. Line segments PA, AB, BC, CD, DE, and EF have length 1, and an- 17.
gles PAB, PBC, PCD, PDE, PEF are right angles. Find the length of
PF.
D 1 C
1
E 1
1 B
F
1
A
P 1
18. The sum of two positive whole numbers is 144. If the larger of the 18.
two numbers is divided by the smaller, the quotient is 3 and the re-
mainder is 12. What is the smaller of the two numbers?

19. Suppose that you play the following game: you toss a fair nickel, 19.
dime, and quarter at the same time. If you get at least one “head,”
stop (game over). If you don’t, you toss the coins again. If you get at
least one head, stop. Otherwise, go on . . . .
When you toss for the last time, what is the probability that all three
coins show heads? Express your answer as a common fraction.

20. If we start adding the consecutive positive integers like this, 1 + 2 + 20.
3 + 4 + 5 · · · , and we stop adding when the next number would put
our sum over 1000, what sum do we get?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Page 4

21. There were three candidates for mayor of Mathville, Alpha, Beta, 21.
and Gamma. Gamma came in last with 5000 votes. Alpha was 1000
votes ahead of Beta, who was 1500 votes ahead of Gamma. How
many people voted?

22. Let N = 2 22 . What is the second digit from the left in the decimal 22.
expansion of N? (If instead we had N = 38 , then the answer would
be 5, since 38 = 6561.)

23. Alphonse lost all his marbles. Some were blue, some were white, 23.
and the rest were red. All but 99 were blue, all but 85 were white,
and all but 70 were red. How many marbles did Alphonse lose?

24. How many three-digit numbers have exactly one 9 in their decimal 24.
expansion?

25. Beth is one-fifth of the way through her cross-country race. After she 25.
runs a further three-quarters of a kilometre, she will be one-quarter
of the way through the race. Over how many kilometres is the whole
race?

26. A gambler started off with 1 dollar. She placed a series of 1 dollar 26.
bets, winning a dollar or losing a dollar each time. After a total of
9 bets, the gambler was broke. In how many orders could this have
happened? If you have no money you can’t bet.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
1. The product of three consecutive positive integers is equal to 4080. 1.
What is the sum of the three integers?

2. In the picture below, the two smaller circles are equal in size, go 2.
through the center of the larger circle, and are tangent to each other
and to the larger circle. If the area of each smaller circle is 17 square
units, what is the area, in square units, of the shaded region?

3. How many integers n are there such that 1 ≤ n ≤ 64 and nn is a 3.

perfect square?

4. For any whole number n, the number n! is defined by 4.

n! = (1)(2)(3)(4) · · · (n − 1)(n).

For example 4! = (1)(2)(3)(4) = 24.

What is the the remainder when 2! + 3! + 4! + · · · + 89! + 90! is di-
vided by 90?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
5. How many zeros are there in the decimal representation of 5.

1000000 1000000

(one million to the power one million)?

6. What is the remainder when 222,222,222 is divided by 99? 6.

7. How many ways are there to express 105 as a sum of two or more 7.
consecutive positive whole numbers? One of the ways is

105 = 34 + 35 + 36.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
8. How many ordered pairs ( x, y) are there such that x and y are inte- 8.
gers, with x ≤ y and

(3x − 16)(3y − 16) = 256?

Note that the integers are 0, 1, −1, 2, −2, 3, −3, and so on.

9. How many ways are there to express 22 as a sum of six (not necessar- 9.
ily different) positive odd integers? (The order of summation does
not matter, so for example the expression 1 + 1 + 1 + 3 + 3 + 13 is to
be considered the “same” as 1 + 3 + 1 + 13 + 1 + 3.)

10. One of the factors of 1020 is chosen at random. What is the probabil- 10.
ity that this factor is actually a factor of 1010 ? Express your answer
as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
S TAGE 4 Q UESTIONS , 2005 R EGIONAL

1. A zoo has some ostriches and some tigers. Altogether they have
34 eyes and 48 legs. How many tigers are there? (Ostriches have 2
eyes and 2 legs, tigers 2 eyes and 4 legs.)

2. How many integers n satisfy the inequality (n − 6)(2n + 7) < 0?

3. What is the surface area, in square centimetres, of the outside of

a 50 cm by 50 cm by 40 cm closed cardboard box?

4. When the number N is divided by 8, the quotient is 17 and the

remainder is 5. What is N?

5. The rain started at 9:20 am, and continued at a steady rate all
day. By 12:00 noon, 4 mm of rain had fallen. How many mm of
rain fell from 7:20 am to 10:00 pm?

6. If x ∗ y = x 2 + 4xy + y2 , what is 45 ∗ 5?

2100
7. Express as a fraction in lowest terms.
2101 − 2100 + 299

8. How many real numbers satisfy the equation

( x)( x2 − 1)( x3 − 2)( x4 − 3) = 0?

9. The harmonic mean of a and b is

1
  . What is the
1 1 1
+
2 a b
harmonic mean of 40 and 60?

10. What is the sum of the integers from 1 to 50 that are not divisi-
ble by 5?

11. Square A has area 192 square centimetres, which is 75% of the
area of square B . How many centimetres are in the side of square
B?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
12. How many ordered pairs ( x, y) are there such that x and y are
integers and xy = 64?

13. Joan completes a 26.2 mile race in 2.5 hours. What is her aver-
age speed in miles per hour? Give the answer correct to 2 decimal
places.

14. A box of 50 cookies is divided between A, B, C, and D. Together,

A and D get 24 cookies; A, B, and C together get 40 cookies. How
many cookies does A get?

15. What is the product of 20.5 and 30.5, correct to 2 decimal places?

16. In how many ways can 6 (different) CDs be given to Adam,

Beth, and Charlie so each gets 2 CDs?

17. What is the smallest prime that is the sum of 3 distinct primes?

x+y 7 x
18. If = , what is ?
x + 2y 11 y

19. A survey of 200 students showed that 150 like cupcakes, 120
like muffins, and 20 like neither. How many of the students like
both cupcakes and muffins?

20. Two integers add up to 99. What is the largest possible value
of their product?

52 − 1 92 − 1 132 − 1
21. Simplify: · ·
32 − 1 72 − 1 112 − 1

22. What is the least positive integer that is divisible by all of 12 ,

22 , 32 , 42 , 52 , and 62 ?

23. The average of two common fractions is 1/3. If one fraction is

1/5, what is the other fraction?

24. What is the largest prime factor of 2772?

Canadian Math Challengers Society
25. The area of a triangle with vertices (−1, 0), (a, 0), and (0, a) is
36. If a > −1, what is a?

26. What is the smallest prime number that is greater than 199?

27. The areas of squares A and B in the picture are 25 and 36 square
units respectively. How many square units are in the combined
area of the two shaded rectangles?

28. How many pairs ( x, y) of positive integers are there such that
x + 2y = 50?

29. Each of two dice has the numbers 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 on its faces
instead of the usual 1, 2, . . . , 6. If you toss the two dice, what is the
probability of getting a sum of 10?

30. What is the greatest common factor of 144 and 264?

31. Let L consist of all points in the coordinate plane that have
integer coordinates. What is the sum of the x-coordinates of all
points in L that are at distance 5 from the point (10, 0).

32. What is the largest integer that is less than 2005 and is divisible
by 21?

33. Two different numbers are chosen at random from 1, 2, 3, . . . ,

10. What is the probability that one of the numbers is twice the
other? Express the answer as a fraction in lowest terms.

34. The point P is on the line segment that joins (2, 8) and (3, 27),
and halfway between them. What is the positive difference of the
coordinates of P?

35. The side lengths of a triangle are 10 units, 13 units, and 13 units.
How many square units are in the area of the triangle?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
36. What is the largest prime factor of 244 − 242 ?

37. What is 992 − 1?

38. Each side of a rectangle is divided into 3 equal parts. Some of

the division points are joined as in the picture. If the rectangle has
area 108 square metres, how many square metres are in the shaded
region?

39. What is 112.5% of 56?

40. What is the least integer whose cube is greater than 10,000?

41. What is the greatest integer n such that 3n < 2n+3 ?

42. How many integers n satisfy the inequality |n| < 2005?

43. How many square centimetres are in the area of the “staircase”
figure below, given that each “stair” is 30 cm wide and 20 cm high?

30
20

44. What is the least perfect square that is greater than 74 ?

45. The sum of the integers from 1 to 100 is 5050. What is the sum
of the integers from 201 to 299?

46. Beth left the campground at 8:45 in the morning, and arrived
home at 11:05 the same morning. The distance from campground
to home is 189 km. What was Beth’s average speed, in km per
hour?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
47. What is the units digit of 12 + 22 + 32 + · · · + 302 ?

 2  2
3 3
48. Simplify: 10 + − 10 − .
10 10

49. Let ` be the line that goes through the points (0, 2) and (3, 11).
What is the x-coordinate of the point where the line ` meets the
x-axis?

50. If 16y + 5 = 9y − 1, what is the value of 28y?

51. Amy has a total of $16.00 in nickels, dimes, and quarters. If

Amy has an equal number of coins of each kind, what is the total
number of coins that Amy has?

52. A movie ended at 11:00 pm and ran for 108 minutes. At what
time did the movie start?

1 1 1
53. Solve for x: − = .
15 18 x

54. A 48 centimetre-long piece of wire is cut into two parts, one

twice as long as the other. Each part is bent to form a square. What
is the sum, in square centimetres, of the areas of the two squares?

55. What is the remainder when 200520052005 is divided by 9?

56. The altitude to the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle di-

vides the hypotenuse into segments of length 3 and 12 units. How
many square units are in the area of the triangle?

3 12

57. Solve for x: | x + 6| = | x − 66|.

Canadian Math Challengers Society
58. Alan bought three textbooks, and spent a total of $210. The
calculus book cost $5 more than the economics book, which cost
$5 more than the psychology book. How many dollars did the
calculus book cost?

59. How many whole numbers between 1 and 100 (inclusive) are
divisible by neither 2 nor 5?

60. What is the greatest integer n such that 99! is divisible by 99n ?

61. Alphonse spent one-third of his money, and then lost one third
of what remained. After that, he had $20 left. How many dollars
did he start with?

62. You toss two fair standard dice, a red one and a blue one. What
is the probability that the number on the red one is bigger than the
number on the blue one? Express your answer as a fraction in
lowest terms.

63. Six is five percent of four percent of what number?

64. Given that a, b, c, d, and e are five consecutive integers with

b + c + d = 135, what is a + b + c + d + e?

65. How many triangles (including triangles of all sizes) are in the
picture below?

66. If f ( x) = x 2 − 2x + 2, what is f ( f ( f (3)))?

67. A litre of regular gas costs $0.70. A litre of premium costs $0.80.
Richie spent $36 to fill up with premium. How much could he have
saved by filling up with regular? Give your answer in dollars and
cents.

68. A circle passes through the points (0, 0), (10, 0), and (0, 10).
Find the area of the circle. Express your answer in terms of π .
Canadian Math Challengers Society
69. There are 120 five-digit numbers that can be formed using each
of the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 once. How many of these are divisible
by 4?

70. Three distinct circles and one line are drawn in the plane. What
is the largest possible number of points where two or more of these
figures meet?

71. A fair coin is flipped 4 times in a row. What is the probability

that we get 3 or more consecutive heads during these 4 tosses?
Express your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.

1
72. Express x as a common fraction, given that 1 − =7
1
1−
x

73. Simplify: 1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + 5 − 6 + · · · + 99 − 100.

74. A movie started at 7:47 pm and ended at 9:37 pm. At what time
was the movie exactly halfway through?

75. How many perfect squares are there among the positive inte-
gers that are less than 10000 and are multiples of 99?

76. What is the 2005th term of the arithmetic sequence 1, 6, 11, 16,
...?

77. How many more square metres are there in the area of a cir-
cle with diameter 20 than in the area of a circle with diameter 10?
Express your answer in terms of π .

78. Two fair dice are tossed. What is the probability that the prod-
uct of the numbers showing is a prime number? Express your an-
swer as a fraction in lowest terms.

79. What is the leftmost digit in the decimal representation of 9100 +

10100 ?

8! − 7!
80. Express as a fraction in lowest terms.
8! + 7!

81. Given that 5 is a solution of the equation x2 + ax + 5a = 2005,

what is the value of a?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Answers, Stage 1
1
1. 78.4 5. 9. 44
12
7
2. 72 6. 6 10.
5
5
3. 12.5 7. 12 11.
18 √
3
4. 7711729 8. 35 12. 3+ +π
4

Answers, Stage 2
6
1. 49 8. 3000 15. 21. 19000
11
2. 41 9. 48 16. 18 22. 1
√
3. 1 10. 144 17. 6 or 61/2 23. 127
10
4. 432 11. 18. 33 24. 225
9
1
5. 119 12. 1 19. 25. 15
7
6. 61 13. 102 20. 990 26. 14

7. 5400 14. 350

Answers, Stage 3
1. 48 5. 6,000,000 8. 5

2. 17 6. 90 9. 20
121
3. 36 7. 7 10.
441
4. 62
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Answers, Stage 4

1. 7 22. 3600 43. 6000 64. 225

7
2. 9 23. 15 44. 2500 65. 44
3. 13000 24. 11 45. 25050
66. 257
4. 141 25. 8 46. 81
67. 4.50
5. 19 26. 211 47. 5
68. 50π
6. 2950 27. 60 48. 12

7. 2
28. 24 49. − 23 69. 24
3

8. 6 29. 5
36 50. −24 70. 12
9. 48 30. 24 51. 120 71. 3
16
10. 1000 31. 120 52. 9:12 (pm)
6
72. 7
11. 16 32. 1995 53. 90
1 73. −50
12. 14 33. 9 54. 80

13. 10.48 34. 15 55. 3 74. 8:42 (pm)

14. 14 35. 60 56. 45 75. 3

15. 625.25 36. 23 57. 30 76. 10021

16. 90 37. 9800 58. 75
77. 75π
17. 19 38. 60 59. 40
1
78. 6
3
18. 4 39. 63 60. 9
79. 1
19. 90 40. 22 61. 45
7
20. 2450 41. 5 62. 5 80. 9
12

21. 7 42. 4009 63. 3000 81. 198

Canadian Math Challengers Society 2005 Canadian Math Challengers Provincial Competition

From Stage 1
1. In a math contest, each contestant’s test uses 12 sheets of paper, of
which 9 are printed on one side only, and 3 are printed on both sides.
Each sheet of paper costs 2 cents. Photocopying costs an additional 5
cents per printed side. How much does it cost to produce enough tests
for 250 contestants? Please give the answer in dollars. An answer like
123.00 or 123.45 is of the right shape.
2. In a math contest, every student wrote two tests. One-half of the
students wrote Tests 1 and 2, one-quarter wrote Tests 2 and 3, one-
sixth wrote Tests 3 and 4, and the remaining 11 students wrote Tests 4
and 5. How many students wrote Test 2?
3. The contract of the CEO of a corporation specifies that she will be paid
a bonus of 20% of the net profit, after that bonus is deducted. The
gross profit, before the bonus was deducted, was $2,850,000. What is
the CEO’s bonus, in dollars?

4. When the positive rational numbers x and y are expressed as common

fractions in lowest terms, the denominators are 126 and 180 respec-
tively. What is the least possible denominator when x + y is expressed
as a common fraction?

From Stage 2
1. How many different rectangles are there whose sides are integers and
whose perimeter is 98?
2. A fair coin is flipped 5 times. What is the probability that it lands
heads exactly once?
3. Alfonso bought 10 identical shirts and 10 identical sweaters, paying a
total of $600. A shirt costs 8 dollars less than a sweater. How much
did each shirt cost?
4. What is the volume, in cubic cm, of the solid below? The solid is a box
that has a hole with square cross-section drilled all the way from the
front to the back. All distances in the diagram are in cm.

6 4

4 5
6
5. A box of 34 cookies is divided between A, B, C, and D. Together, A
and D get 14 cookies; A, B, and C together get 28 cookies; and C and
D together get 15 cookies. How many cookies does A get?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
6. 66 is 120% of what number?

7. A baker sells cookies in either small boxes (6 cookies to a box) or large

boxes (12 cookies to a box). At the end of the day the baker has sold
30 boxes of cookies, 210 cookies altogether. How many small boxes did
the baker sell?

From Stage 3
1. What is 98 + 198 + 298 + 398 + · · · + 998?

2. Runner A runs at a steady 18 km per hour, while B runs at 16 km per

hour. In a race, A crosses the finish line 10 minutes ahead of B. How
many km was the race?
√
3. The hypotenuse AB of right-angled triangle ABC has length√ 13 me-
tres. The sum of the lengths of the other two sides is 15 metres.
How many square metres are in the area of the triangle? Express your
answer as a common fraction.
C B

A
From Stage 4
1. Simplify: 1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + 5 − 6 + · · · + 99 − 100.
2. The diagram represents a regular hexagon with perimeter 90 cm. What
is the number of cm in the diagonal AB?
A B
3. What whole number is closest to the square root of 2005?

4. Express 7 17 % as a common fraction in lowest terms.

5. There were three candidates for Student Council president. Alicia got
twice as many votes as Beti, who got twice as many votes as Chris.
Altogether, 350 votes were cast. How many votes did Alicia get?
25.3
6. What is the value of ?
0.11
7. Alan went to the casino. Each time he bet, he won 1 dollar or lost 1
dollar. By the end of the evening, he had won 10 times and had a net
loss of 10 dollars. How many times did Alan bet?

8. Name the smallest positive even integer which is not a factor of 7!.
1 2 1
9. If = , what is ?
2x + 1 3 2x + 2
10. How many ways are there to make change for a ten dollar bill using
only pennies and/or dimes?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
11. The school basketball team played 28 games. It never won more than
4 games in a row. What is the largest number of games it could have
won?

12. Let C and D be two different circles. What is the largest number of
common tangents that C and D can have?

13. A square is divided into 3 congruent rectangles as in the diagram. If the

perimeter of any of the 3 rectangles is 12 units, what is the perimeter
of the square?

2
14. If = 7, what is 2xy?
xy
15. How many positive integers are factors of 1024?

16. How many three-digit numbers are there such that the three digits are
not all the same?

17. Beth has 3 pennies, 4 dimes, and 5 quarters. If she loses 3 of her coins,
how many different amounts of money can she lose?

18. In a certain community, 15% of households own no car, 60% own 1

cars, 20% own 2 cars, and 5% own 3 cars. How many cars are there for
every 100 households?

19. The large circle has area 100 square units. The small circles are all
equal, and their centers lie along two diameters of the large circle.
What is the number of square units in the shaded area?

20. What is the sum of the positive integers that divide 64?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
From Stage 1
1. Alphonse and Beth play the following game. Gamal, a neutral third
party, flips one fair coin repeatedly. He continues until sometime or
other during the tossing either (i) the sequence “HH” (two heads in a
row) appears, in which case Alphonse wins or (ii) the sequence “TH”
(tail followed by a head) appears, in which case Beth wins. What is
the probability that Beth wins? Express your answer as a common
fraction.

2. There are three balls in a box, numbered 1, 2, and 3. You remove a

ball from the box at random, record its number, and put it back in the
box. You do this a total of three times. What is the probability that
the sum of the three numbers you recorded is 6? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

3. The diagram shows a network of one-way streets. How many ways are
there to get from A to B if you can only travel in the direction of the
arrows?

A B

4. Alpha has four white socks and four black socks. She randomly divides
these eight socks into four pairs, paying no attention to colour. What is
the probability that each pair consists of 2 socks that match in colour?
Express your answer as a common fraction.

From Stage 2
1. Today it is Saturday. What day of the week will it be 1000 days from
now? Your answer should be one of Sunday, Monday, . . . , Saturday.

2. A piggy bank contains only dimes and quarters. There are three times
as many dimes as there are quarters, and the total amount in the piggy
bank is $8.25. How many coins are in the piggy bank?

3. What is the sum of the integers between −100 to 103, including −100
and 103?

4. The first act of a three act play began at 7:30 pm. The third act ended
at 10:35 pm. All three acts were of the same length, and there were
two 10 minute intermissions, one between Act I and Act II, and one
between Act II and Act III. At what time did the first intermission
begin?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
5. In the diagram, grid lines (dashed) are 1 unit apart. How many square
units are in the shaded area?

6. A grocer buys oranges at 6 for a dollar, and sells them at 5 for two
dollars. How many oranges must she sell in order to make a profit of
70 dollars?

7. Beth has a total of $6.80 in nickels, dimes, and quarters. She has the
same number of coins of each kind. How many coins does Beth have?

From Stage 3
1. Alan went to the casino. On his first bet, he doubled the money he
had. On the second, he lost 32 dollars. On the third bet, he doubled
the money he had. On the fourth, he lost 32 dollars. He made a total
of 10 bets, alternately doubling the money he had and losing 32 dollars.
After the 10 bets, Alan was left without money. How many dollars did
Alan start out with?

2. We want to divide the hexagon of the diagram below into triangles by

drawing 3 diagonals that do not meet inside the hexagon. How many
ways are there to do this?

3. The first two terms of the Fibonacci sequence are 1 and 1. After that,
each term is the sum of the previous two. So the Fibonacci sequence
goes
1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34,
and so on. How many of the first 100 terms of the Fibonacci sequence
are multiples of 4?

From Stage 4
x x x
1. Solve for x: − + = 10.
2 3 4
2. What is the sum of the roots of the equation (x − 10)2 = 16?

3. If Alan gets paid $8 per hour, he needs to work 24 days to earn enough
for a month’s food and rent. How many days does it take if he gets
paid $6 per hour?

4. The surface area of a cube is 24 square cm. What is the sum, in cm,
of the edge lengths of the cube?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
5. The four corners of a 16 by 10 rectangle are folded inward as in the
diagram. What is the perimeter of the resulting hexagon? Give the
answer in simplest radical form.

8! − 7!
6. Express as a fraction in lowest terms.
8! + 7!
7. Given that 5 is a solution of the equation x2 + ax + 5a = 2005, what is
the value of a?
√ √
8. How many integers are there between 11 and 111?

9. Fifty gold coins are divided among pirates A, B, and C. Pirate A gets
more coins than B, who gets more than C. What is the largest number
of coins C can get?

10. The title MATH CHALLENGERS must be centered on a line that

contains 80 spaces. If each letter takes up one space, and the space
between the two words takes up one space, how many spaces must be
put before the M?

11. Two diagonally opposite vertices of a square are at (0, 0) and (5, 1).
How many square units are in the area of the square?

(5, 1)
(0, 0)

x+y 5 4
12. What is the value of if x = and y = ?
x−y 6 5
8!
13. What is the value of ?
4!4!
14. When N is divided by 40, the quotient is 39 and the remainder is 39.
What is N?

15. One-sixth of the hospital salary budget goes to the manager, and the
remaining five-sixths goes to the 100 workers. If each worker earns $240
a week, how many dollars a week does the manager earn?

16. What is the smallest positive integer that is a solution of 32x − 16 >
1600?

17. Duper Store sells evaporated milk for $1 a can for the first 3 cans, and
for the regular price of $1.50 a can for every can over 3 cans. If you
buy 10 cans of milk, how many percent do you save over the regular
price?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
18. How many square units are in the area of the trapezoid with vertices
at (0, 0), (8, 0), (5, 3), and (1, 3)?

19. What is the smallest prime number that leaves a remainder of 24 when
it is divided by 25?

20. The speed of light is 300 000 km per second, and the Sun is 150 million
km from the Earth. How many seconds does it take for light to travel
from the Sun to the Earth?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
List 3 of Questions from 2006
Provincial Competition

From Bull’s Eye Stage

1. Assume that the Earth is a sphere of radius 6400 km, and that Mont Blanc, 1. mm
the highest mountain in the Alps, is 4.8 km high. If we make a scale model
of the Earth of radius 0.20 metres, how many millimetres high should Mont
Blanc be on the model? Give the answer as a decimal, correct to 2 decimal
places.

2. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 1 and the last term is 4. The 2.
sum of all the terms is 30. What is the second term? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

3. A tall cylindrical cooking pot has a 12 cm inner base radius, and has some 3. cm
water in it; the depth of the water is 5 cm. A tall heavy closed cylindrical
can is placed in the pot, with one of the flat sides down. The base radius
of the can is 4 cm. How many cm deep is the water in the pot now? Give
the answer correct to 3 decimal places.

5 ?

4. What is the shaded area in the diagram below? The six squares have sides 4. units2
of length 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 units.

From Blitz Stage

1. Alfie spends one-third of his allowance on books and two-thirds on (healthy) 1. %

snacks. Suppose the price of books goes down by 8% and the price of snacks
goes up by 10%. What percent increase in allowance should Alfie get so
that he can keep on buying as many books and as many snacks as before
prices changed?

2. In the country of Decima, instead of dividing the usual clock into 12 hours, 2.
they divide it into 10 equal parts. What time does an ordinary Canadian
clock show when a Decima clock shows 8.00? Give your answer in the
usual hours : minutes format.

3. Together, A and B own 64 DVDs (that is, the number of DVDs owned by 3. DVDs
A plus the number of DVDs owned by B is 64). Together, B and C own
81 DVDs. And together, C and D own 100 DVDs. How many DVDs do
A and D own together?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
4. Using the letters a, b, c, d, and e, we can form 625 four-letter “words.” 4.
Suppose we list these words in alphabetical order. The first six words are
aaaa, aaab, aaac, aaad, aaae, and aaba. What is the 235-th word in the
list?

5. What is the smallest positive integer n such that 10n + 1 is a power of 7? 5.

6. The integers from 1 to 24 are written on index cards, one number to each 6.
card. Alicia picks a card at random. Let x be the probability that the
number on her card is divisible both by 2 and by 3, and let y be the
probability that the number is divisible by 2 or by 3 (or both). What is
x
? Express your answer as a common fraction.
y

7. In the figure below, ∠ABC has measure 30◦ , ∠BCD is a right angle, and 7. units
BC = CD = 2. What is the (perpendicular) distance from D to the line
AB? Give the answer in simplest radical form. D

2
C 2
30◦
A B
8. A bowl contains 600 slips of paper. Each slip has one of the six letters A, 8. slips
B, C, D, E, or Q written on it, and there are 100 of each kind. How many
slips must you grab in order to be sure that among the slips you grab there
is at least 1 A, or at least 2 B’s, or at least 3 C’s, or at least 4 D’s, or at
least 5 E’s?

9. Xavier has 5 friends, A, B, C, D, and E. He wants to have dinner with 1 9. ways

or more of these. Unfortunately, A and B dislike each other and cannot
both be invited to the same dinner. In how many ways can Xavier select
the people he will have dinner with?

From Co-op Stage

1. The integers from 1 to 5 are written on index cards, one number to each 1.
card. The cards are placed in a box. Alan removes two randomly chosen
cards from the box. He then calculates the product of the numbers on the
two cards. What is the average value (mean) of the result that he gets?
Express your answer as a common fraction.

2. Let N = 1 · 3 · 5 · 7 · 9 · 11 · · · 163. What is the largest positive integer n 2.

such that 3n is a factor of N ?

3. A group of robbers stole a quantity of thin silk, and decided to share it 3. p’i
equally. If each robber received 6 p’i of silk, there would be 6 p’i left over.
If each robber got 7 p’i, then 7 p’i more silk would be needed than they
stole. How many p’i of silk did each robber actually get? Express your
answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
4. In the figure below, ABCD is a parallelogram, DP is perpendicular to 4. cm2
AB, and DQ is perpendicular to BC. Given that the lengths of DP , P B,
BQ, and QD are 4, 7, 1, and 8 centimetres respectively, how many square
centimetres are in the area of parallelogram ABCD? Express your answer
as a common fraction. D C

4 8
Q
P 1
A B
7
From Face-off Stage

1. How many even numbers are there between −101 and 101? 1.

2. What is the value of 20072 − 20052 ? 2.

3. On July 1, 2006, the sun rises at 5:11 AM and sets at 9:21 PM. At what 3.
time on July 1, 2006 is it exactly halfway between sunrise and sunset?

4. The sum of 11 consecutive integers is 110. What is the largest of these 11 4.

integers?

5. A car travels 5 kilometres in 4 minutes. At this speed, how many seconds 5.

does it take to travel 1 kilometre?

6. The figure below represents a square grid of 9 points in which every point 6.
is at unit distance from its nearest horizontal or vertical neighbours. How
many lines are there that contain 2 or more points of the grid?

7. Express 7.
4.8 × 1018
1.2 × 1020
as a common fraction.

8. Alan started with a number x. He added 10 to it, multiplied the result by 8.

10, then subtracted 10, ending up with 200. What is the value of x?
r
1 1
9. Express + as a common fraction. 9.
25 144

10. The figure below was constructed by cementing together sixteen 1 cm by 10.
1 cm by 1 cm cubes. What is the surface area of the figure, in cm2 ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
11. A rectangular poster is 40 cm wide. There is a 20 cm by 20 cm square 11.
picture on the poster. The picture takes up one-fifth of the area of the
poster. How many cm are in the height of the poster?

12. The average of five numbers is 80. The average of the first three of these 12.
numbers is 70. What is the average of the last two of the numbers?

13. Alphonse rolls three standard dice once. What is the probability that the 13.
sum of the numbers rolled is equal to 4? Express your answer as a common
fraction.

14. What is the largest digit k such that the five-digit number that has decimal 14.
representation 88k88 is a multiple of 12?

1 1 2
15. If + = and x + y = 8, what is the value of xy? 15.
x y 3

16. Suppose that for all n, 16.

f (n + 2) = f (n) + f (n + 1).

Given that f (3) = 8 and f (4) = 5, what is the value of f (1) ?

17. What is the number of units in the perimeter of a rhombus whose diagonals 17.
have lengths 3 and 4 units?

18. How many of the perfect squares between 12 and 1002 have decimal rep- 18.
resentation with the units digit equal to 4?

19. Four points A, B, C, D are on the same line as in the picture below. If 19.
AB 1 BC 4
= and = ,
BC 2 CD 5
AB
what is the value of ? Express your answer as a common fraction.
BD
A B C D

20. What is the 40-th number in the sequence 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 20.

5, 5, 5, 6, . . . ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Page 1: Problem Solving

1. A class of 30 students took a test, and the class average was 70. The 1.
five students who failed had marks of 20, 25, 25, 30, and 40. What
was the average mark among the students who didn’t fail? Give the
answer correct to 1 decimal place.

2. Beta has twice as many pennies as Alpha. Gamma has three times as 2.
many pennies as Beta. Between the three of them, they have fewer
than 80 pennies. What is the largest possible number of pennies that
they could have between them?

3. Xaviera jogs at a steady rate of 5 minutes per kilometre. Yolande 3.

jogs at 7 minutes per kilometre. They start at the same time on an
out and back run that consists of 15 km due east followed by 15 km
due west. How many kilometres from the finish line is Xaviera when
they pass next to each other? Give the answer correct to 1 decimal
place.
Finish
Start

4. It so happens that 7700625 is a perfect square, that is, the square of a 4.

whole number, and that 7706176 is the next perfect square. What is
the first perfect square greater than 7706176?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Page 2: Combinatorics

5. In a game, you toss two standard dice, a silver one and a gold one. 5.
Your score is the number showing on the silver one, plus twice the
number showing on the gold one. What is the probability that your
score is 8? Express your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.

6. There are 5 people in a family, all of different heights. We want to 6.

line them up for a picture, with the tallest person in the middle, and
so that as we go from left to right, the heights of the people increase
and then decrease. How many ways are there to do this?

7. Let A, B, and C be the measures, in degrees, of the angles of a tri- 7.

angle, where A ≤ B ≤ C. How many possibilities are there for the
ordered triple ( A, B, C ), given that each of A, B, and C is a multiple
of 15?

8. How many 4-digit numbers are there which obey all three of the fol- 8.
lowing rules: (i) no digit other than 1, 2, 3, or 4 is to be used; (ii) a
digit may occur more than once; (iii) as you read the number from
left to right, digits never decrease (so 1134 is OK, but 3314 is not)?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Page 3: Geometry

9. A regular polygon has 11 sides. How many diagonals does it have? 9.

A diagonal is a line segment that joins two corners but is not a side.
One diagonal is shown in the picture.

10. Lines that look parallel in the picture are parallel. Express b, the 10.
length of the “middle” line segment, as a common fraction.

2
1 b

2 3

11. The figure below is a regular hexagon with area 1. Express the area 11.
of the shaded region as a common fraction.

12. Each side of triangle ABC has length 2. Three semicircles are con- 12.
structed outside ABC with the three sides AB, BC, CA as diameters.
A thread PQRSTUP is tied tightly around the resulting “three-leaf
clover” shape so that PQ, RS, TU are arcs of the semicircles with di-
ameters AB, BC, CA respectively and QR, ST, UP are line segments.
Find the area enclosed by the thread. Give your answer in terms of
π.
P U
A

Q T
B C
R S
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz Round, Page 1

1. Three concentric circles have radii 5, 12, and 13. What is the length 1. units
of the shortest line segment that contains one point on each circle?

206
2. What is ? 2.
404

√ √ √
3. Solve for x: x+ x= 15. 3.

4. Alphonse went to the bank to get change for a $20 bill. The change 4. coins
consisted of equal numbers of nickels, dimes, and quarters. How many
coins did Alphonse get altogether?

5. How many points are there, both of whose coordinates are integers, 5. points
on the line segment that joins the point (0, 0) to the point (15, 10)?
Include both end points in your count.

6. Alfie took 5 math tests, in which possible marks ranged from 0 to 6.

100. His average on the 5 tests was exactly 88.8. What is the lowest
mark he could possibly have received on any one of the tests?

7. What is 7.

1 + 2 − 3 − 4 + 5 + 6 − 7 − 8 + · · · − 2003 − 2004 + 2005 + 2006?

Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz Round, Page 2
x
8. Suppose that x ◦ y = . Express 1 ◦ (2 ◦ (3 ◦ (4 ◦ 5))) as a fraction in 8.
y
lowest terms.

9. What is the square of 11111? 9.

10. A disabled person’s annual pension is 10,000 dollars. How many 10. dollars
dollars per year will her pension be after three consecutive 10% cuts?

11. What is the least positive integer N such that 45N is a perfect cube? 11.

12. In a triangle that contains an obtuse angle, the lengths of the sides, 12.
in increasing order, are the integers 6, 8, and n. What is the smallest
possible value of n?

13. How many squares can be found in the figure below? The figure has 13. squares
been constructed using fifteen 1 × 1 squares.

14. Abigail has some nickels, dimes, and quarters. The ratio of the num- 14. nickels
ber of dimes to the number of nickels is the same as the ratio of the
number of quarters to the number of dimes. If Abigail has 12 dimes,
and more quarters than nickels, what is the largest number of nickels
that Abigail could have?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz Round, Page 3
15. For every box of cereal that I buy at the regular price, I get an 15. dollars
additional box for 1 penny. My grocery cart contained 12 boxes of
cereal, for which I paid a total of $17.88 dollars. What is the regular
price (in dollars) of a box of cereal?

16. Odin and Eve play the following game. A fair die is tossed. If the 16.
result is an odd number, Odin gets 1 point; if the result is an even
number, Eve gets 1 point. The first person to get 10 points wins
the game. Right now Odin has 7 points, and Eve has 9. What is
the probability that Eve wins the game? Express the answer as a
common fraction.

17. What is the product of the solutions of the equation 17.

s
1 1
4− =4− ?
x x

18. The figure below is bounded by four arcs. Each is one-quarter of the 18. units2
boundary of a circle with radius 5. What is the number of square
units in the area of the figure?

19. A train usually takes 13 hours to get from A to B. If the train’s 19. km
average speed is 5 km per hour less than usual, the trip takes an
hour longer. What is the distance, in km, from A to B?

20. A grasshopper is hopping on the number line below. If it is on a 20.

number which is not a multiple of 7, it hops to the right by 2. If it is
on a multiple of 7, it hops to the left by 1.
The grasshopper starts on the number 1. On what number is it after
100 hops?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz Round, Page 4
21. A UBC graduate left two-fifths of her estate to daughter #1, two- 21.
fifths of the rest to daughter #2, and two-fifths of the rest to daugh-
ter #3. What remained was given to UBC. What fraction of the
estate was given to UBC?

22. At a meeting, there are 32 people who are not blonde, 35 who are not 22. people
brown-haired, and 38 who are not black-haired. What is the largest
number of people that could be at the meeting? Note that maybe
there are red-haired people at the meeting.

23. A student has 3 physics books, 3 chemistry books, and 3 biology 23. ways
books. She arranges them on a bookshelf so that books on the same
subject are together. In how many ways can she do this?

24. In the following diagram, △ABC and △DEF are equilateral, and 24. units2
△DEF is inscribed in △ABC, with ED perpendicular to AB. Given
that △ABC has area 1, what is the area of △DEF ?
C
E

A D B
x
25. What is the smallest positive fraction x such that is an integer for 25.
y
8 6
both y = and y = ?
21 35

26. What fraction of △ABC is shaded? 26.

1 C
2
A 1 B
2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op Round, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. In Vancouver taxis, the meter starts at $2.44. For that you get to 1. dollars
ride a distance of at most 71 metres. Each additional 71 metres or
fraction thereof costs 10 cents. You are also charged 10 cents for
every 14 seconds or fraction thereof that the taxi is not moving.
Alan took a taxi ride in Vancouver. The distance covered was 7
kilometres, and the taxi was not moving for a total of 6 minutes and
59 seconds. How many dollars did the taxi ride cost?

2. At the beginning, the red bowl contains 1 litre of water, and the blue 2. litres
bowl is empty. Then one-half of the water in the red bowl is poured
into the blue bowl. Then one-third of the water in the blue bowl is
poured into the red bowl. Then one-quarter of the water in the red
bowl is poured into the blue bowl. Finally, one-fifth of the water in
the blue bowl is poured into the red bowl.
At the end, how many litres of water are in the red bowl?

3. For any number x, ⌊x⌋ is the greatest integer which is less than or 3.
equal to x. For example, ⌊2.45⌋ = 2.
Find the positive number x such that the product of x and ⌊x⌋ is
64
equal to .
7

4. Starting at a point P0 on a circle, we mark off successive arcs of 75 4.

degrees counterclockwise around the circle. Let P1 , P2 , . . . be the
points that we reach in turn. What is the smallest positive integer n
such that Pn coincides with P0 ?
P1
P2
P0
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op Round, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. Let x be the repeating decimal 1.6, that is, 1.6666 . . . . Express x2 as 5.

a repeating decimal.

6. In the figure below, the shaded circle is inscribed in the circular sector 6. units2
OP Q. Given that ∠QOP has measure 60 degrees, and that the
shaded circle has area 1, what is the area of the circular sector?
Q

O P

7. How many ways are there to express 15 as the sum of three positive 7. ways
integers? Note that for example 3 + 9 + 3 is to be viewed as ‘the
same’ as 9 + 3 + 3.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op Round, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. How many right-angled triangles can be formed whose vertices are 3 8. triangles
of the 9 points below? The 9 points have coordinates (a, b), where a
and b range over the integers from 0 to 2.

9. Express the following sum as a common fraction: 9.

1 1 1 1 1
+ + + ··· + + .
1·3 3·5 5·7 17 · 19 19 · 21

10. In △ABC below, AB = AC = 10 and BC = 16. A square is 10. units

inscribed in △ABC, with one side along the line BC. What is the
number of units in a side of the square? Express your answer as a
common fraction.
A

B C
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Regional 2006 Face-off Questions

1. What number is 50 less than 50% of 50?

6 1
2. If = , what is 6x?
x 5
3. An ant starts at (0, 0) and travels in a straight line towards (19, −3).
One-quarter of the way to (19, −3), it takes a nap. What is the sum of the
coordinates of the point where it naps?

4. Mall-Wart’s normal profit on a dress is 200%. At the end of the season

it holds a 50% off sale. What is Mall-Wart’s percent profit on a dress when
it is on sale?

5. A house has 5 basement windows and 3 doors to the outside. In how many
different ways can a burglar enter the house through a basement window and
leave through a door?

6. A circle is 1 metre in diameter. What is the number of square metres in

the area of the circle? Express your answer in terms of π.

7. The price of 120 grams (net weight) of canned tuna is $1.32. What is the
cost, in dollars, per 100 grams of tuna?

8. Alice and Bob play a game in which ties are impossible. The probability
that Bob wins is three-quarters of the probability that Alice wins. What is
the probability that Alice wins?

9. The diameter of a circle is increased by 10%. By how many percent does

the circumference increase?

10. If x + 6y = 9 and x − 6y = −2, what is the value of y?

11. Alan went to Mall-Wart and bought 2 pants and 3 shirts for a total of
$100. Each pant cost $11.50 more than each shirt. How many dollars did
each shirt cost?

12. How many different primes divide 50! but do not divide 25!?

1
Canadian Math Challengers Society

13. The figure below consists of 11 points: the 10 vertices of a regular

decagon and the center of the decagon. How many triangles have one vertex
at the center of the decagon, and the other two at vertices of the decagon?

99!
14. What is the units digit in the decimal expansion of ?
95!
3 5
15. What is divided by ?
4 6
16. Alicia and Beti together drank a 750 ml bottle of wine. Alicia drank
50% more wine than Beti. How many ml of wine did Alicia drink?

17. The greatest common factor of 4807 and 4853 is not equal to 1. What
is it?

18. The gas tank of Alicia’s car has capacity 57 litres, and was one-third
full when she went to the gas station. She filled up the rest of the tank. If
gas cost $1.02 a litre, how many dollars did the fill-up cost?

19. If n is a perfect square, how many possible values are there for the units
digit in the decimal expansion of n?

20. Each of the 10 small squares in the figure below has area 1 square unit.
What is the number of square units in the area of the shaded triangle?

21. Alan puts $12 under his mattress every month. How many years will it
take for these savings to build up to $3600?

22. If x is 60% of y, what percent is 3x of 2y?

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society

23. A trapezoidal region is bounded by the x-axis, the y-axis, and the lines
x + y = 4 and x + y = 10. What is the number of square units in the area
of the region?

17
24. What is the positive difference between 2 and the square of ? Express
12
your answer as a common fraction.

25. Four fair coins are tossed. What is the probability we get more than
one head?

26. A high school sprinter ran 100 metres in 12 seconds. What was the
sprinter’s average speed in kilometres per hour?

27. A tub of Alicia’s favourite ice cream costs $4.80. What is the largest
number of tubs she can buy if she has $500?

28. How many squares have two of their vertices among the vertices of the
equilateral triangle ABC? C

A B

29. Suppose that a1 = 2 and an+1 = 2an − 1 for all n ≥ 1. What is the
value of a7 ?

30. A cat sleeps for 20 hours a day. It spends 60% of its waking hours
doing nothing, 15% grooming itself, and 15% eating. The rest of the time
it scratches the furniture. How many minutes a day does it scratch the
furniture?

31. Three cubical dice each have the number 1 marked on three of the
faces, and −1 on the other three. The three dice are tossed. What is the
probability that the sum of the numbers on the ‘top’ faces is 1?

32. A 1 km jog uses up 70 calories. A small Dairy Queen chocolate malt has
525 calories. How many km must one jog to use up the calories in a small
chocolate malt? Give the answer to the nearest tenth of a km.

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society

33. What is the value of (0.4)2 − (0.4)3 ?

34. The NHL once had 6 teams. Each year, every team played 50 regular
season games. How many regular season NHL games were played each year?

35. Imelda has 365 different pairs of shoes. If she picks two of the shoes at
random, what is the probability that the shoes match?

36. Alan has 5 pennies and 10 dimes. In how many ways can he distribute
these coins between his left pocket and his right pocket? Either pocket could
end up empty. The pennies are identical, as are the dimes.

37. The square of the sum of two numbers is 100. The square of their
difference is 99. What is the product of the two numbers?

38. There are 120 ways to arrange the letters of the word ‘ANGLE’ in a row.
Suppose these 120 arrangements are listed alphabetically, from AEGLN to
NLGEA. What is the 60-th arrangement in the list?

39. What is 0.540 (that is, 0.540540 . . . )? Give the answer as a fraction in
lowest terms.

40. A sequence has the property that for any three consecutive terms, the
third term is equal to the sum of the previous two. If the 100-th term of the
sequence is 1, and the 99-th term is 3, what is the 96-th term?

41. An operation ⋆ is defined by x ⋆ y = x2 − y 2 . What is the value of

(4 ⋆ 5) ⋆ 6?

42. Six fair coins are tossed. What is the probability that the positive
difference between the number of heads and the number of tails is not equal
to 1?

43. Of the students in Mr. Alpher’s Math 9 class, 62.5% are in grade 9, 25%
are in grade 8, and the remaining 6 students are in grade 10. How many
students are in Mr. Alpher’s Math 9 class?

44. What is the sum of the solutions of the equation

3(x − 4)2 + 5 = 6?

45. What is the remainder when 2003 + 2004 + 2005 is divided by 2006?

46. Alan says to Beth: “I only have 65 dollars. Give me 10 dollars. If you
do, you will still have twice as much money as I will have.” How many
dollars does Beth have?

4
Canadian Math Challengers Society

47. An integer from 1 to 1000 (inclusive) is chosen at random. What is the

probability that its cube root is greater than 5?

48. Let A have coordinates (3, 0) and let B have coordinates (0, 5). What
is the number of square units in a square that has the segment AB as a
diagonal?

49. If one-half of one-third of one-quarter of a number is 120, what is one-

third of one-quarter of one-fifth of the number?

50. What is the sum of all integer values of x such that

(x + 1)2 ≤ 25?

51. Given that n is an integer and 15n is a multiple of 21 and 21n is a

multiple of 15, what is the largest integer that must be a factor of n?

52. What is the sum of all positive integer values of n such that the least
common multiple of 12 and n is 24?
152 − 92
53. What is the value of ?
132 − 52
54. Alan has 32 red and 32 blue 1 × 1 × 1 cubes. He glues all of these
together to make a 4 × 4 × 4 cube. What is the least possible number of red
1 × 1 faces on the outside of the 4 × 4 × 4 cube?

2x + 1 5
55. If = , what is the value of x?
x 6
56. If 75% of a number is 60, what is 85% of that number?

57. What is the least common multiple of 18, 24, 32, and 36?

58. What time is it 1500 seconds after 1:20?

59. What is the positive difference between 90% of 125,000 and 90% of
25,000?

5
Canadian Math Challengers Society

60. The sides of a square are divided into 5 equal parts to create the pattern
below. What is the ratio of the area of the shaded part of the square to the
area of the whole square? Express the answer as a common fraction.

61. What is the product of the odd integers from −5 to 5, inclusive?

5
62. What is the positive difference between and its reciprocal?
6
63. In the triangular glass prism below, the sides of the end triangles are 3,
4, and 5 cm. The prism has height 10 cm. What is the number of square cm
in the total surface area of the prism?
5
3 4
10

64. What is the sum of the positive integers that are less than 12 and not
a multiple of 3?

65. Let f (x) = x2 + x + 41. What is f (40) − f (−40)?

10!7!4!
66. What is ?
9!6!3!
67. What is the product of the first five positive odd integers?

68. A cubic centimetre of gold has mass 19.32 grams. How many kilograms
are in the mass of a 1 metre by 1 metre by 1 metre cube of gold?

69. On July 1, 2006, the sun rises at 5:11 AM and the sun sets at 9:21
PM. At what time on July 1, 2006 is it exactly halfway between sunrise and
sunset?

70. Alicia’s restaurant meal cost $125. She decided to leave a 12% tip.
What total number of dollars did she pay (bill plus tip)?

6
Canadian Math Challengers Society
List 1 of Questions from 2006
Provincial Competition

From Bull’s Eye Stage

1. A math contest consists of two stages. The Bull’s-eye Stage has 12 ques- 1. questions
tions, worth 2 points each, and the Blitz Stage has 26 questions, worth 1
point each. Alicia answered 28 of the 38 questions correctly, and got 35
points. How many Blitz Stage questions did she answer correctly?

2. If the price of eggs was increased by N cents per dozen, where N is a 2.

positive integer, it would cost 10N more cents to buy N + 1 eggs than it
would cost if their price was reduced by N cents per dozen. What is the
value of N ?

3. Suppose that a1 = 1/2, a2 = (2/3)(a1 + 1), a3 = (3/4)(a2 + 1), a4 = 3.

(4/5)(a3 + 1), and so on. What is the value of a13 ? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

4. Triangle ABC below is isosceles and right-angled at A. A circle with 4. units2

center A and radius 1 unit intersects the hypotenuse BC at points P and
Q, where BP = P Q = QC. What is the area of △ABC? Express your
answer as a common fraction.
Q P
C B

From Blitz Stage

1. The population of a country increased by 25%, and food production in- 1. %

creased by 20%. By how many percent did food production per person
decrease?

2. If x64 = 64, what is x32 ? 2.

3. Two equilateral triangles, each with area equal to 1, are placed so as to 3. units2
form a six-pointed star, with a regular hexagon as their part in common.
What is the area of the star? Express your answer as a common fraction.

4. What is the largest integer that always divides the difference between the 4.
squares of any two odd multiples of 3?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
5. In an election, everyone voted for Alan or for Beth. After 60% of the votes 5. %
had been counted, Alan was leading 60% to 40%. What percentage of the
rest of the vote must Beth get in order to end up tied with Alan?

6. How many positive integers less than 2006 are divisible by 20 or by 25 but 6. integers
not by both?

7. Suppose that f (n + 2) = f (n) + 2f (n + 1) for all n. Given that f (2) = 9 7.

and f (3) = 25, what is the value of f (1)?

8. A stadium is divided into two sections, Section A and Section B. Section A 8. seats
has 2000 less than three-quarters of the total number of seats in the sta-
dium. Section B has 1000 less than one-third of the total number of seats
in the stadium. What is the total number of seats in the stadium?

9. The number in each square is the sum of the numbers in the two squares 9.
immediately “above” it. So for example the number in the leftmost square
of the second row must be 6. Given the information in the diagram below,
what is the value of x?
1 5 x 5 1

From Co-op Stage

1. Call an integer unlucky if the sum of its decimal digits is equal to 13. How 1.
many unlucky integers are there between 1 and 888?

2. How many digits in total are there in the decimal representation of (55 )5 ? 2. digits

3. The figure below is a 5 by 5 grid of points. Each point is 1 cm from its 3. ways
nearest horizontal and vertical neighbours. How many ways are there to
choose two distinct grid points that are an integer number of cm from
each other? Note that choosing P and Q is to be considered the same as
choosing Q and P .

From Face-off Stage

5
1. If 5x + 6y + 2 = , what is the value of 10x + 12y + 3 ? 1.
7
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2. Let ⌊x⌋ denote the greatest integer which is less than or equal to x. What 2.
is the value of
22 22
   
− − ?
7 7

3. A turntable makes 45 revolutions per minute. Through how many degrees 3.

does the turntable rotate per second?

4. What is the product of the first five positive odd integers? 4.

5. There are pheasants and rabbits in a barn, 78 animals altogether. Pheas- 5.

ants have 2 feet and rabbits have 4. If I remove half of the rabbits, how
many feet remain in the barn?

6. The sum of all the edge lengths of a cube is 36 cm. What is the surface 6.
area of the cube, in cm2 ?

7. If Alicia loses one and a half pounds a week, how many weeks will it take 7.
her to go from 154 pounds to 130 pounds?

1
8. If 3x − 1 = , express x as a common fraction. 8.
4

9. A cubic centimetre of gold has mass 19.32 grams. How many kilograms 9.
are in the mass of a 1 metre by 1 metre by 1 metre cube of gold?

10. Alicia’s restaurant meal cost $125. She decided to leave a 12% tip. What 10.
total number of dollars did she pay (bill plus tip)?

11. Simplify: 11.

(210 + 210 + 210 + 210 )1/3 .

12. How many positive factors of 24 × 54 are perfect squares? 12.

13. Alice can paint a room in one day, and Bob can paint a room in two days. 13.
Working together, how many days will it take for them to paint 15 rooms?

14. What is the value of 14.

√ √ √ √
( 10 + 5)2 + ( 10 − 5)2 ?

15. In an election, Alfie got 65% of the votes and Beth got the rest. If Alfie 15.
got 120 more votes than Beth, how many people voted?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
16. The sum of the positive integers from 1 to n (inclusive) is greater than 16.
275. What is the smallest possible value of n?

17. Alphonse and Beti walk side by side. Alphonse averages 120 steps per 17.
minute and each of his steps is 90 cm long. Beti’s steps are 75 cm long.
How many steps does Beti average per minute?

18. In the right-angled triangle below, the hypotenuse has length 17 units, and 18.
one of the legs has length 15 units. How many units2 are in the area of
the triangle?
17

15

19. Let A be the sum of the 25 integers from 0 to 24, and let B be the sum of 19.
the 25 integers from 76 to 100. What is the value of A + B?

20. Suppose that 4x+3 = 8x−3 . What is the value of x ? 20.

Canadian Math Challengers Society
List 2 of Questions from 2006
Provincial Competition

From Bull’s Eye Stage

1. Wolf can eat a lamb in 1/4 of an hour. Bear can eat a lamb in 1/5 of 1. hours
an hour. How many hours will it take for Wolf and Bear, dining together
at their usual speed, to eat a lamb? Express your answer as a common
fraction.

2. There are six balls in an urn, with the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 written 2.
on them. You reach into the urn and simultaneously remove two randomly
chosen balls. What is the probability that the sum of the numbers on these
two balls is equal to 6? Express your answer as a common fraction.

3. A small produce store has two cashiers. In how many different ways can 3. ways
5 customers line up to pay? A sample lineup is given below. Note that all
the customers could line up in front of one cashier.

D C
A B
E
4. The figure below is a regular hexagon. Each of the six sides has length 4. units
1 unit. What is the sum of the lengths of all the diagonals? Express
your answer in simplest radical form. Note that there are three diagonals
through each corner.

From Blitz Stage

1. What is the smallest prime whose square does not divide 40! ? 1.

2. Richie has 3 dimes, 3 quarters, and 3 loonies. How many different non-zero 2. amounts
amounts of money can he make by using one or more of these 9 coins?

3. Sixty percent of sixty percent of a number is 666. What is the number? 3.

4. If the shaded region below has area 150 cm2 , what is the value of x? Give 4. cm
your answer in simplest radical form. x 3
3 3

x x

x 3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2006
5. What is the smallest positive value of 6− , as n ranges over the positive 5.
n
integers? Express your answer as a common fraction.

6. A group of 5 students splits into two study groups. (A study group has at 6. ways
least two students.) In how many ways can this be done?

7. In how many ways can 100 be expressed as the sum of two (positive) 7. ways
primes? (The decompositions 100 = 3+97 and 100 = 97+3 are considered
the same.)

8. The first term of a sequence is 1. If x is any term in the sequence, then the 8.
next term is the reciprocal of 1 + x. (So the second term is 1/2.) What is
the product of the first 6 terms of the sequence? Express your answer as
a common fraction.

From Co-op Stage

1. Calculators are packaged in boxes of 12 or boxes of 25. (Boxes must be full.) 1. boxes
What is the least number of boxes required to package 2006 calculators?

2. Two triangles with sides 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5 cm are placed on top of each 2. cm2
other so that the right angles coincide but the triangles do not. What is
the number of cm2 in the region of overlap of the two triangles? Express
your answer as a common fraction.

3. Let N be the smallest positive integer such that (i) 24 divides N and (ii) 3.
N has exactly 24 positive divisors. What is the value of N ? Note that for
any positive integer k, both 1 and k are divisors of k.

From Face-off Stage

1. The length of a rectangle is four times the width. If the perimeter of 1.

the rectangle is 5 metres, how many square metres are in the area of the
rectangle?

2. When N is divided by 11, the quotient is 12 and the remainder is 7. What 2.

is the value of N ?

3. A cup of flour has 400 calories. A cup of lard has 1700 calories. A pie crust 3.
is made using two cups of flour and one cup of lard. How many percent of
the calories in the pie crust come from lard?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
4. Express 4.
1+2+3+4+5+6
1+2+3+4+5+6+7
as a fraction in lowest terms.

27.3
5. What is the value of ? 5.
0.13

6. What is the sum of the positive integers that divide 24? 6.

7. A GMC Yukon on average uses 21.3 litres of gas to travel 100 km. A Toyota 7.
Prius uses 4.1 litres of gas to travel 100 km. Beti drives 10,000 km a year.
How many dollars in gas costs would she save in a year if she drove a Prius
instead of her Yukon? Assume that gas costs $1.00 per litre.

60
8. What is the largest integer x such that is an integer? 8.
12 − x

9. The two equal sides of the isosceles triangle below each have length 3 cm. 9.
The third side has length 2 cm. What is the area of the triangle, in
square cm?
3 3

2
10. The product of 12 positive integers is equal to 12. What is the smallest 10.
possible sum of the 12 integers?

11. Alice and Bob select, independently and at random, a positive integer that 11.
divides 16. What is the probability that they select the same number?
Express your answer as a common fraction.

3 4
12. What common fraction is halfway between and on the number line? 12.
4 3

13. If 4 distinct circles are drawn, what is the largest possible number of points 13.
that lie on more than one circle?

14. What is the sum of the prime factors of 28 − 1 ? 14.

15. Sixty people are arranged in 3 rows. If the back row has three more people 15.
than the middle row, and the middle row has three more people than the
front row, how many people are in the front row?

16. The line segment that joins the points (−4, 2) and (3, 0) is drawn. What 16.
is the y-coordinate of the point where this line segment meets the y-axis?
Express your answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
17. A circle has radius 7 units. How many units are in the circumference of 17.
the circle? Give the answer rounded to the nearest integer.

18. Let f (x) = x2 + x + 41. What is the value of f (40) − f (−40) ? 18.

19. If 4! × 4! × N = 8!, what is the value of N ? 19.

20. Aleph started with $2700. He gave one-third of his money to Beth and 20.
four-fifths of the rest to Gimel. How many dollars does Aleph have left?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
List 3 of Questions from 2006
Provincial Competition

From Bull’s Eye Stage

1. Assume that the Earth is a sphere of radius 6400 km, and that Mont Blanc, 1. mm
the highest mountain in the Alps, is 4.8 km high. If we make a scale model
of the Earth of radius 0.20 metres, how many millimetres high should Mont
Blanc be on the model? Give the answer as a decimal, correct to 2 decimal
places.

2. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 1 and the last term is 4. The 2.
sum of all the terms is 30. What is the second term? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

3. A tall cylindrical cooking pot has a 12 cm inner base radius, and has some 3. cm
water in it; the depth of the water is 5 cm. A tall heavy closed cylindrical
can is placed in the pot, with one of the flat sides down. The base radius
of the can is 4 cm. How many cm deep is the water in the pot now? Give
the answer correct to 3 decimal places.

5 ?

4. What is the shaded area in the diagram below? The six squares have sides 4. units2
of length 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 units.

From Blitz Stage

1. Alfie spends one-third of his allowance on books and two-thirds on (healthy) 1. %

snacks. Suppose the price of books goes down by 8% and the price of snacks
goes up by 10%. What percent increase in allowance should Alfie get so
that he can keep on buying as many books and as many snacks as before
prices changed?

2. In the country of Decima, instead of dividing the usual clock into 12 hours, 2.
they divide it into 10 equal parts. What time does an ordinary Canadian
clock show when a Decima clock shows 8.00? Give your answer in the
usual hours : minutes format.

3. Together, A and B own 64 DVDs (that is, the number of DVDs owned by 3. DVDs
A plus the number of DVDs owned by B is 64). Together, B and C own
81 DVDs. And together, C and D own 100 DVDs. How many DVDs do
A and D own together?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
4. Using the letters a, b, c, d, and e, we can form 625 four-letter “words.” 4.
Suppose we list these words in alphabetical order. The first six words are
aaaa, aaab, aaac, aaad, aaae, and aaba. What is the 235-th word in the
list?

5. What is the smallest positive integer n such that 10n + 1 is a power of 7? 5.

6. The integers from 1 to 24 are written on index cards, one number to each 6.
card. Alicia picks a card at random. Let x be the probability that the
number on her card is divisible both by 2 and by 3, and let y be the
probability that the number is divisible by 2 or by 3 (or both). What is
x
? Express your answer as a common fraction.
y

7. In the figure below, ∠ABC has measure 30◦ , ∠BCD is a right angle, and 7. units
BC = CD = 2. What is the (perpendicular) distance from D to the line
AB? Give the answer in simplest radical form. D

2
C 2
30◦
A B
8. A bowl contains 600 slips of paper. Each slip has one of the six letters A, 8. slips
B, C, D, E, or Q written on it, and there are 100 of each kind. How many
slips must you grab in order to be sure that among the slips you grab there
is at least 1 A, or at least 2 B’s, or at least 3 C’s, or at least 4 D’s, or at
least 5 E’s?

9. Xavier has 5 friends, A, B, C, D, and E. He wants to have dinner with 1 9. ways

or more of these. Unfortunately, A and B dislike each other and cannot
both be invited to the same dinner. In how many ways can Xavier select
the people he will have dinner with?

From Co-op Stage

1. The integers from 1 to 5 are written on index cards, one number to each 1.
card. The cards are placed in a box. Alan removes two randomly chosen
cards from the box. He then calculates the product of the numbers on the
two cards. What is the average value (mean) of the result that he gets?
Express your answer as a common fraction.

2. Let N = 1 · 3 · 5 · 7 · 9 · 11 · · · 163. What is the largest positive integer n 2.

such that 3n is a factor of N ?

3. A group of robbers stole a quantity of thin silk, and decided to share it 3. p’i
equally. If each robber received 6 p’i of silk, there would be 6 p’i left over.
If each robber got 7 p’i, then 7 p’i more silk would be needed than they
stole. How many p’i of silk did each robber actually get? Express your
answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
4. In the figure below, ABCD is a parallelogram, DP is perpendicular to 4. cm2
AB, and DQ is perpendicular to BC. Given that the lengths of DP , P B,
BQ, and QD are 4, 7, 1, and 8 centimetres respectively, how many square
centimetres are in the area of parallelogram ABCD? Express your answer
as a common fraction. D C

4 8
Q
P 1
A B
7
From Face-off Stage

1. How many even numbers are there between −101 and 101? 1.

2. What is the value of 20072 − 20052 ? 2.

3. On July 1, 2006, the sun rises at 5:11 AM and sets at 9:21 PM. At what 3.
time on July 1, 2006 is it exactly halfway between sunrise and sunset?

4. The sum of 11 consecutive integers is 110. What is the largest of these 11 4.

integers?

5. A car travels 5 kilometres in 4 minutes. At this speed, how many seconds 5.

does it take to travel 1 kilometre?

6. The figure below represents a square grid of 9 points in which every point 6.
is at unit distance from its nearest horizontal or vertical neighbours. How
many lines are there that contain 2 or more points of the grid?

7. Express 7.
4.8 × 1018
1.2 × 1020
as a common fraction.

8. Alan started with a number x. He added 10 to it, multiplied the result by 8.

10, then subtracted 10, ending up with 200. What is the value of x?
r
1 1
9. Express + as a common fraction. 9.
25 144

10. The figure below was constructed by cementing together sixteen 1 cm by 10.
1 cm by 1 cm cubes. What is the surface area of the figure, in cm2 ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
11. A rectangular poster is 40 cm wide. There is a 20 cm by 20 cm square 11.
picture on the poster. The picture takes up one-fifth of the area of the
poster. How many cm are in the height of the poster?

12. The average of five numbers is 80. The average of the first three of these 12.
numbers is 70. What is the average of the last two of the numbers?

13. Alphonse rolls three standard dice once. What is the probability that the 13.
sum of the numbers rolled is equal to 4? Express your answer as a common
fraction.

14. What is the largest digit k such that the five-digit number that has decimal 14.
representation 88k88 is a multiple of 12?

1 1 2
15. If + = and x + y = 8, what is the value of xy? 15.
x y 3

16. Suppose that for all n, 16.

f (n + 2) = f (n) + f (n + 1).

Given that f (3) = 8 and f (4) = 5, what is the value of f (1) ?

17. What is the number of units in the perimeter of a rhombus whose diagonals 17.
have lengths 3 and 4 units?

18. How many of the perfect squares between 12 and 1002 have decimal rep- 18.
resentation with the units digit equal to 4?

19. Four points A, B, C, D are on the same line as in the picture below. If 19.
AB 1 BC 4
= and = ,
BC 2 CD 5
AB
what is the value of ? Express your answer as a common fraction.
BD
A B C D

20. What is the 40-th number in the sequence 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 20.

5, 5, 5, 6, . . . ?
 2006 Regional Answers
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

2
1. 20 5. 5 9. 15
104
2. 40 6. 25 10. 3
1
3. 12:48 7. 52 11. 110π
94
4. 36 8. 8 12. 17

Answers, Blitz Stage

15 27
1. 8 8. 8 15. 2.97 21. 125
7
2. 25 9. 123454321 16. 8 22. 52
15 1
3. 4 10. 7290 17. 12 23. 1296
1
4. 150 11. 75 18. 50 24. 3
24
5. 6 12. 11 19. 910 25. 7
7
6. 44 13. 26 20. 141 26. 9

7. 2007 14. 9

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 15.24 5. 2.7 or 2.7777. . . 8. 44
3 3 10
2. 5 6. 2 9. 21
64 48
3. 21 7. 19 10. 11

4. 24
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2007 Canadian Math Challengers Regional Questions

Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Combinatorics and Numbers

1. What is the smallest positive integer which is not a factor of 25! ? 1.

2. Richie has one penny, two nickels, and three dimes. How many dif- 2. amounts
ferent amounts of money can he make using one or more of these six
coins?

3. The picture below shows 7 stools arranged in a row. Initially they 3.

were all unoccupied. Alfie chose a stool at random and sat down.
Then Beti chose an empty stool at random and sat down. What is
the probability that Alfie and Beti chose stools that are next to each
other? Express your answer as a common fraction.

4. Suppose that we write (2 × 2007)2 as a1 × a2 × · · · × an , where a1 , 4.

a2 , . . . , an are prime numbers, not necessarily distinct. What is the
value of a1 + a2 + · · · + an ? Note that 1 is not a prime.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Problem Solving
5. Alicia’s heart beats 50 times per minute when she is asleep, and 70 5. beats/min
times per minute when she is awake, except that it beats 90 times
per minute when she is doing mathematics—which she never does
while she sleeps. In the last 24 hours, Alicia slept for 8 hours, and
did mathematics for 8 hours. What was Alicia’s average number of
heart beats per minute over the last 24 hours?

6. Every week, Alfie works 20 hours at Burper Queen for $6.50 per hour, 6. weeks
and 20 hours at Florida Fried Fat for $6.00 per hour. How many weeks
of work will Alfie need in order to pay his $4500 university fees?

7. Alphonse and Beth drove on the freeway, in separate cars, from Mini- 7. km
burg to Microville. They left Miniburg at the same time. Alphonse
drove at a steady 90 km per hour, and Beth drove at a steady 80 km
per hour. Alphonse arrived in Microville 10 minutes before Beth did.
What is the freeway distance from Miniburg to Microville?

8. Alicia is driving at 60 miles per hour. How many feet does she drive 8. feet/sec
per second? (There are 5280 feet in 1 mile.)
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. In the diagram below, which is not drawn to scale, the shaded rectan- 9. cm
gle has width 14 cm and height 12 cm, and is contained in trapezoid
ABCD. Given that AB = 13 cm, BC = 14 cm, and CD = 15 cm,
what is the perimeter of trapezoid ABCD?
14 B
C
15 13

D A

10. A spruce plank which is 18 cm wide, 100 cm long, and 2 cm thick 10. kg
weighs 1.62 kg. What is the weight, in kg, of a spruce plank which
is 12 cm wide, 200 cm long, and 2 cm thick? Give your answer as a
decimal, to the nearest hundredth of a kg.

11. In the figure below, ABCD is a square, and P is a point inside the 11.
square such that the distances from P to C, to D, and to AB are all
equal. What fraction of the area of the square is shaded?
D C

A B

12. The figure below is a quarter-circle with center O and radius 12. 12. units2
Point M bisects the line segment OP . Point N is on the quarter-
circle, with ∠N OP = 30◦ . What is the area of the shaded region?
Express your answer in terms of π
Q

O M P
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 1

1. In the figure below, the shaded region is a rectangle with base 1 cm 1. cm2
and height 3 cm. An outward-facing square has been erected on each
side of the rectangle. What is the area of the entire figure (including
both the shaded part and the unshaded part)?

2. A fair coin is flipped 6 times. What is the probability of getting 6 2.

heads in a row? Express your answer as a common fraction.

3. What is three-quarters of one-third of two-sevenths? Express your 3.

answer as a common fraction.

106
4. What is the value of ? 4.
203

q
5. What is the (positive) value of x3 + y 2 when x = 6 and y = 3? 5.

6. Today is Saturday. What day of the week was it 1000 days ago? 6.

7. A special breed of cow produces 25% more milk per year than a 7. %
regular cow, but it needs to eat 20% more grain. A farmer replaces
her regular cows with special breed cows. How many percent less
grain do the special breed cows eat per litre of milk produced?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. The figure below is a regular hexagon. Each side has length 2 cm. 8. cm2
What is the area of the hexagon? Express the answer in simplest
radical form.

9. At the instant that it is midnight in Vancouver, it is 4:30 am in 9. pm

St. John’s, Newfoundland. An airplane left Vancouver at 10:00 am
(Vancouver time) and flew directly to St. John’s. The total flight time
was 7 hours and 50 minutes. What time was it in St. John’s when
the plane arrived? Express your answer in the usual hours:minutes
format, as in 6:25.

10. A house and a garage are built on a rectangular lot that is 33 feet by 10. feet2
120 feet. The house occupies 1500 square feet of the lot, the garage
occupies an additional 360 square feet, and the rest of the lot is lawn.
What is the area of the lawn, in square feet?

11. Beti has 40% more money than Alfie. Between them they have $1800. 11. dollars
How many dollars does Alfie have?

12. On a farm that has genetically engineered animals, chickens have 1 12. chickens
head and 3 feet, and rabbits have 1 head and 5 feet. These are the
only animals on the farm. Altogether, the animals on the farm have
90 heads and 310 feet. How many chickens are on the farm?

13. Richie went to the bank to cash a $2000 cheque. He got an equal 13. bills
number of 10 dollar bills, 20 dollar bills, and 50 dollar bills. How
many bills did Richie get altogether?

14. How many points are there, both of whose coordinates are integers, 14. points
on the boundary of the rectangle whose corners are (−20, 5), (20, 5),
(20, 35), and (−20, 35)?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. Suppose that 15.

a + b = 12, b + c = 13, c + d = 14, and a + 2d = 14.

What is the value of a?

16. Let x and y be real numbers such that x10 = 11 and y 20 = 100. What 16.
is the value of x20 × y 10 ?

17. A multiple choice quiz has 12 easy questions, worth 5 marks each, 17. questions
and 5 harder questions, worth 8 marks each. On any question, the
only possible mark is 0 or full marks. Alfie’s mark was 54. What is
the total number of questions that Alfie answered correctly?

18. An integer N is chosen at random from the integers in the interval 18.
from 1 to 30, inclusive. What is the probability that N is a factor of
30? Express your answer as a common fraction.

19. Alicia went on a 40 km bicycle ride. The first 20 km segment took 1 19. minutes
hour. On the last 20 km she rode 4 km per hour faster than on the
first 20 km. How many minutes did the whole ride take?

20. The picture below represents a quadrilateral with two opposite right 20. units2
angles. If three of the sides have lengths as shown in the picture,
what is the area of the quadrilateral?
9
7
3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
21. Suppose that x = 1 − + − + − + − . What is the 21.
2 4 8 16 32 64 128
value of 128x?

22. The product of 5 consecutive positive integers is divisible by 1120. 22.

What is the smallest possible value of the sum of the 5 consecutive
integers?

23. Twelve white unit cubes are assembled to make a 3×2×2 rectangular 23.
prism. The outside surface of this prism is painted blue. Then the
prism is disassembled into the original 12 unit cubes, and one of these
cubes chosen at random is tossed like a die. What is the probability
that the cube lands with the “up” face painted blue?

24. A math contest has 38 questions, of which the first 26 are worth 1 24. students
point each, and the last 12 are worth 2 points each. (So the maximum
possible mark for the entire contest is 50.) There is no partial credit
on any question. A certain number N of students participated. Their
average score on the first 26 questions was 20 (out of 26), and their
average final score was 34 (out of 50). The total combined number of
questions that were answered correctly was 621. What is the value
of N ?

25. In the kite below, AB = AD = 1 cm and CB = CD = 3 cm. Angles 25. cm2

ABC and ADC are right angles. Express the area of triangle ABD
as a common fraction. D
3
1
A C
1
3
B
26. In a certain type of game, B beats A 60% of the time, C beats B 26.
60% of the time, and A always beats C. Player A played against B,
and then the winner played against C. Given that C lost that game,
what is the probability that C played against A? Write your answer
as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. The positive difference between two perfect squares is 60. What is 1.

the largest possible sum of the two perfect squares?

2. How many digits are there in the decimal representation of 2. digits

10 × 102 × 103 × 104 × · · · × 102006 × 102007 ?

3. When plotted in the standard rectangular coordinate system, △ABC 3. units2

has vertices A(12, 0), B(0, 10), and C(2, 1). How many square units
are in the area of △ABC?

4. Call an integer n “triply odd” if when you divide n by 3, you get an 4. integers
odd integer whose digits add up to an odd multiple of 3. How many
triply odd integers are there between 1 and 300?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. The figure below is a 4 by 4 grid of points. Each point is 1 cm from 5.

its nearest horizontal and vertical neighbours. Two of these 16 points
are chosen at random. What is the probability that they do not lie in
the same horizontal row? Express your answer as a common fraction.

6. How many ordered pairs (a, b) are there such that a and b are integers 6. pairs
and a2 b = −1024?

7. An election was held for a joint grade 8/9 rep. Only grade 8 and 7.
grade 9 students could vote, and everyone voted for one of Alicia
and Beti. Of the students who voted for Alicia, three-quarters were
in grade 8. (Note that this does not mean that three-quarters of
grade 8 students voted for Alicia.) Of the students who voted for
Beti, four-fifths were in grade 9. An equal number of grade 8 and
grade 9 students voted. What fraction of all the students voting voted
for Alicia?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. Let p1 , p2 , p3 , p4 , . . . be all the primes, listed in increasing order. So 8.

p1 = 2, p2 = 3, p3 = 5, and so on. Let N be the smallest integer such
that
p1 + p2 + p3 + · · · + pN > 2007.
What is the value of pN ? Note that we want pN , not N .

9. How many ordered 5-tuples (p, q, r, s, t) are there such that: (i) the 9. sequences
sequence p, q, r, s, t is an arithmetic sequence; (ii) p, q, r, s, and t
are positive integers; (iii) p < q; and (iv) p + q + r + s + t = 1000?

10. Let △ABC be right-angled at A. A semicircle with radius 3 units 10. units
has center O on the line AB, passes through A, and is tangent to
the line segment BC. If AC has length 5 units, what is the length
of AB? Express your answer as a common fraction. (The diagram is
not drawn to scale.) C
5
A B
O
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Regional 2007 Face-off Questions

1. Alfie walked 0.6 km in 12 minutes. At this rate, how many metres can 1.
Alfie walk in 30 minutes ?

1 1 1
2. Express + + as a common 2.
2 4 6
fraction.

3. Two standard dice are tossed. What is the probability that the product 3.
of the two numbers obtained is 5 ? Express the answer as a common
fraction.

4. In the diagram below, BC = BD = DA and ∠BCA = 50◦ . What is 4.

the degree measure of ∠ABC ?
B

C 50 A
D

5. How many positive integers less than 2007 are divisible by both 30 and 5.
100 ?

6. The sum of three different positive integers is equal to 10. What is the 6.
largest possible value of the sum of their squares ?

7. You are told that 1 is halfway between x and 17. What is the value of 7.
x?

8. The triangle below is right-angled. The hypotenuse has length 17 cm 8.

and one leg has length 8 cm. What is the number of cm2 in the area of
the triangle ?

8 17

9. Let x be the 2007-th term of the geometric sequence 3, 6, 12, . . . , and 9.

let y be the 2004-th term of the same sequence. What is the value of x/y ?

10. Fifty percent of 50% of a certain number is 50. What is the number ? 10.
1
Canadian Math Challengers Society

11. Suppose that N and N + 17 are both perfect squares. What is the 11.
value of N ?

12. Two prime numbers p and q add up to 70. What is the smallest 12.
possible positive value of p − q ?

13. The figure ABCD below is a rhombus, with the vertices A, B, C, 13.
and D going counterclockwise. Vertex A has coordinates (0, 0), vertex B
is on the positive x-axis, and vertex D has coordinates (5, 12). What is
the area of the rhombus ?
D C

A B

2007
14. A circle has radius . What is the 14.
π
circumference of the circle ?

x a
15. Suppose that = and a = 20. 15.
a 5
What is the value of x ?

16. A basketball team won 20% more games than it lost. The team 16.
played 88 games. How many games did it win ? (Ties are impossible in
basketball.)

17. What is the smallest positive integer n such that n is a multiple of 5, 17.
n + 1 is a multiple of 3, and n + 2 is a multiple of 2 ?

18. The product of two consecutive odd integers is 255. What is the sum 18.
of the two odd integers ?

19. What is the sum of all the positive factors of 62 ? 19.

20. One foot is equal to 12 inches. Alan is jogging at 600 feet per minute. 20.
What is his speed in inches per second ?

21. The sum of two numbers is 100 and one of the numbers is 17. What 21.
is the positive difference between the two numbers ?

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society

22. One corner of a square is at (1, 2). The diagonally opposite corner is 22.
at (7, 8). How many square units are in the area of the square ?

10! − 9! − 8!
23. Express as a common 23.
10! + 9! + 8!
fraction.

24. What is the value of 20072 ? 24.

1
25. If 3x − 2 = , what is the value of x ? 25.
7

26. An equilateral triangle has side 4. What integer is closest to the area 26.
of the triangle ?

r
1 3
27. Simplify: + . 27.
16 50

28. Suppose that x and y are positive integers and x2 − y 2 = 64. What 28.
is the smallest possible value of x + y ?

29. The surface area of a cube is 216 cm2 . What is the number of cm3 in 29.
the volume of the cube?

p
30. What is the value of 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53 ? 30.

31. What is the remainder when 22007 is divided by 9 ? 31.

32. Alphonse’s hourly wage is 15% less than Beth’s. Gamal’s hourly wage 32.
is 2% greater than Beth’s. How many percent is Gamal’s wage greater
than Alphonse’s ?

33. The perimeter of the regular hexagon ABCDEF is 192 cm. How 33.
many cm are in the perimeter of the trapezoid ABCF ?
E D

F C

A B

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society

34. What is the remainder when 1111 is divided by 7 ? 34.

35. What is the value of 35.

1 + 2 − 3 + 4 + 5 − 6 + 7 + 8 − 9 + ···
+ 70 + 71 − 72 + 73 + 74 − 75 ?

36. The sum of the squares of two positive integers is equal to 73. What 36.
is the sum of the two integers ?

37. The opera consists of 2 acts of equal length with an intermission in 37.
between. The length of the opera (including the 30 minute intermission)
is exactly 3 hours. What is the ratio of the length of the intermission to
the length of the first act? Express as a common fraction.

38. What is the smallest positive integer n such that 5n > 4n+1 ? 38.

√ √ √ √
39. What is the value of ( 4 + 2)2 + ( 4 − 2)2 ? 39.

40. Solve for x: (45 )6 = (2x )3 . 40.

4
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Dina runs 5 kilometres in 20 minutes. At this speed, how many 1. seconds

seconds does it take her to run 100 metres?

2. This year, UBC has 14000 seats of classroom space, which is exactly 2. seats
enough to accommodate current student enrollment. An additional
4% of classroom space seats are under construction and will be avail-
able next year. UBC plans to admit 10% more students next year
than this year. How many more seats of classroom space (beyond
those available now or under construction) must be provided to ac-
commodate next year’s planned enrollment?

3. The mass of 1000 cubic mm of a certain metal is 9 grams. A box with 3. kg

(inner) dimensions 4 cm by 3 cm by 2 cm is filled with the metal.
What is the mass, in kilograms, of the metal in the box? Give your
answer as a decimal, to 3 decimal places.

4. Alicia to Beti: “If you gave me one-half of your money, I would have 4. dollars
$100.” Beti to Gamal: “If you gave me one-third of your money, I
would have $100.” Gamal to Alicia: ‘If you gave me one-quarter of
your money, I would have $100.” How many dollars do Alicia, Beti,
and Gamal have between them?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Combinatorics and Numbers
5. If 5 distinct circles are drawn, what is the largest possible number of 5. points
points of intersection of the circles?

6. On any standard die, the sum of the numbers on opposite faces is 6.

equal to 7. If two standard dice are tossed, what is the probability
that the sum of the numbers on the 10 visible faces is equal to 31?
Express your answer as a common fraction.

7. What is the smallest positive integer n such that 11n + 1 is a power 7.

of 2?

8. In a school cafeteria, there are 2 different soups, 3 different main 8. meals

courses, and 3 different desserts. You are allowed to take at most
one soup, at most one main course, and up to three desserts (but you
cannot have two or more servings of the same dessert). How many
different meals could you have? Include in your count the “meal” in
which you eat nothing.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. In the picture below (which is not drawn to scale) the large trape- 9.
zoid has been cut into two trapezoids by a vertical line. Given that
dimensions are as shown in the diagram, what is the value of x?

60
x
20
60 40

10. In the figure below, △ABC is right-angled at B, AB = 12 cm and 10. cm2

BC = 14 cm. The point D bisects the hypotenuse AC. What is the
area of △ABD? A

B C

11. In the figure below, ABCD is a rectangle whose length AB is 6 cm 11. cm

and whose width BC is 4 cm. A circle of radius 2 cm is drawn, with
its center at the center of the rectangle. Point P on AB is such that
DP is tangent to the circle. What is the length of DP (in cm)?
Express your answer as a common fraction.
D C

A B
P

12. A triangle has vertices A(0, 0), B(13, 0), and C(5, 7). The triangle is 12.
inscribed in a circle. What are the coordinates of the center of the
circle? Express your answer in the form (x, y), where x and y are
common fractions.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2007 Canadian Math Challengers Provincial Questions

Blitz, Page 1

1. You toss two fair dice. What is the probability of getting a “double,” 1.
that is, two 1’s or two 2’s or two 3’s or two 4’s or two 5’s or two 6’s?
Express your answer as a common fraction.

2. Triangle ABC has area 100 cm2 . Point P is the midpoint of BC, Q 2. cm2
is the midpoint of CA, and R is the midpoint of AB. What is the
area of the shaded triangle P QR? C

Q P

A B
R
3. Three numbers form an arithmetic sequence. The smallest of the 3.
three numbers is −10 and the largest is 22. What is the sum of the
three numbers?

4. At a club picnic, 30 people ate 1 hot dog each, 40 people ate 2 hot 4. people
dogs each, and everyone else ate 3 hot dogs each. Altogether, 200
hot dogs were eaten. How many people ate 3 hot dogs?

5. What is the sum of the cubes of the solutions of the equation 5.

x2 + x − 2 = 0 ?

6. The figure below is made up of a number of small squares, each of 6. cm2

which has sides of length 2 cm. What is the total area of the figure?

7. Alicia and Beti ran for Student Council president. Alicia got 55% of 7. votes
the votes, and Beti got the rest. Alicia got 80 more votes than Beti.
How many votes did Alicia get?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. Four people of different heights are lined up in a row, from tallest 8. swaps
down to shortest. Two people who are next to each other swap
positions. Then, again two neighbours swap positions, and so on.
What is the least total number of swaps that gets the people lined
up from shortest to tallest?

9. Alfred walks for an hour every day. If he increases the daily distance 9. minutes
walked by 20%, and decreases his average speed by 20%, how many
extra minutes will he walk each day ?

10. The picture below shows four circles with the same center, with two 10.
of the “rings” between them coloured gray. The four circles have
radius 5, 7, 9, and 11 units respectively. What is the ratio of the area
of the inner gray ring to the area of the outer gray ring? Express
your answer as a common fraction.

11. Let Q = 2×3×5×7. How many primes are there among the numbers 11. primes
Q + 2, Q + 3, Q + 4, Q + 5, Q + 6, Q + 7, Q + 8, Q + 9, and Q + 10 ?

12. Alper rolls 3 standard dice once. What is the probability that the 12.
sum of the numbers rolled is 5 or more? Express your answer as a
common fraction.

13. Let (a, b) be the coordinates of the center of the circle that passes 13.
through (1, 0), (0, 1), and (5, 5). What is the value of a + b? Express
your answer as a common fraction.

14. In the figure below, the cross (shaded) is made up of five congruent 14.
squares. The cross is inscribed in a big square, with the diagonals of
the big square parallel to the arms of the cross. What is the ratio
of the area of the cross to the area of the big square? Express your
answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. If x is the temperature measured in degrees Celsius (◦ C), then the 15. ◦
C
temperature y measured in degrees Fahrenheit is given by the formula
y = (9/5)x + 32. If the temperature at the North Pole is −40 degrees
Fahrenheit, what is it in ◦ C?

16. In the figure below, rectangle P QRS has been divided into 7 squares 16. units
as shown. If the smallest squares in the figure (there are 2 of them)
each have side length equal to 1 unit, what is the length of P Q?
S R

P Q
17. The figure below is a 3 by 3 grid of points. Each point is 1 cm from its 17. cm2
nearest horizontal and vertical neighbours. There are 10 rectangles
whose corners are points of the grid. What is the average area of these
10 rectangles? Give the answer as a decimal, to 1 decimal place.

18. Let N = 217 × 510 . What is the total number of digits in the decimal 18. digits
representation of N ?

19. One corner of a square is at the origin (0, 0). The diagonally opposite 19. units2
corner is at (7, 1). How many square units are in the area of the
square?

20. A computer prints the squares of all the integers from 1 to 99 inclu- 20. digits
sive. What is the total number of digits that the computer prints?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. Suppose that 21.

ab = 6, bc = 8, cd = 10, and de = 12.

a
What is the value of ? Express your answer as a common fraction.
e

22. The wheels of a car travelling down Main Street make 7.5 revolutions 22. km/hr
per second. The diameter of each wheel is 2/π metres. What is the
speed of the car in kilometres per hour?

23. Triangle ABC is right-angled at C, with AC = 3 and BC = 4. The 23.

large shaded square P QRS is inscribed in △ABC, with P and Q on
AB. The small shaded square is inscribed in △SRC, with one side
along SR. What is the ratio of the side of the small shaded square
to the side of the large shaded square? Express your answer as a
common fraction. C

S R

A B
P Q
24. If x is any real number, then ⌊x⌋ denotes the greatest integer which 24.
is less than or equal to x. For example, ⌊2.33⌋ = 2 and ⌊6⌋ = 6. For
what integer n is
√ √ √ √ √ √ √
⌊ 1⌋ + ⌊ 2⌋ + ⌊ 3⌋ + ⌊ 4⌋ + ⌊ 5⌋ + · · · + ⌊ n − 1⌋ + ⌊ n⌋

equal to 50?

25. In the figure below, the square DEF G is inscribed in △ABC, with 25. units2
D and E on AB, F on BC and G on CA. Given that DE = F C =
GC = 1 unit,
√
what is the area of △ABC? Express your answer in
a b+c C
the form d , where a, b, c, and d are integers.

G F

A
D E B
26. Three (distinct) vertices of the regular 12-gon below are chosen at 26.
random. What is the probability that no two of these vertices are
adjacent to each other? Express your answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. How many of the perfect squares between 1 and 10000 have decimal 1.
representation with the units digit equal to 4?

2. Let N be the result of multiplying 532 by 1605 . How many zeros does 2. zeros
the decimal expansion of N end with?

3. In how many ways can a penny, a nickel, a dime, and a quarter be 3. ways
split between Alfie, Beth, and Gimel if each gets at least one coin?

4. The picture below (not drawn to scale) shows a rectangle ABCD, 4. units
and a semi-circle with AB as diameter. The semi-circle meets side
CD of the rectangle at P and Q. If the distance from A to P is 4
units, and the distance from B to P is 3 units, what is the distance
from P to Q? Express your answer as a common fraction.
Q P
D C

4 3
A B
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. A large bottle A contains 300 ml of a solution which is 4% acetic acid 5. ml

and the rest water. Bottle B has 300 ml of a solution which is 12.5%
acetic acid and the rest water. How many ml of solution should you
transfer from B to A so that after thorough mixing A will contain a
solution which is 5% acetic acid?

6. An integer n is called square-free if 1 is the only perfect square that 6.

divides n. (The first few square-free integers are 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10,
11, and 13.) What is the 100th square-free positive integer?

7. The figure ABCDEF below is a regular hexagon, and point P lies on 7.

side AB, with AP = 3 cm and P B = 1 cm. Line P E meets AD at
Q. What is the ratio of the area of quadrilateral AQEF to the area
of hexagon ABCDEF ? Express your answer as a common fraction.
E D

F Q C

3 1
A P B
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

√ √
8. There are integers a and b such that (1 + 2)16 = a + b 2. What is 8.
the value of a?

9. In the picture below, an equilateral triangle is inscribed in the large 9.

circle, and the smaller circle is inscribed in the equilateral triangle.
Let X and Y be two of the points at which the smaller circle is
tangent to the equilateral triangle. Suppose the line through X and
AB
Y meets the larger circle at A and B. What is the value of XY ?

A X Y B

10. Halfy, Perfect, and Thirdy are mathematicians who participate in a 10.
target shooting competition to win a gold coin. When they shoot
at the target, Halfy hits it 1/2 of the time, Perfect hits it all the
time, and Thirdy only hits it 1/3 of the time. They have a total of 5
bullets.
Halfy shoots first. If he hits, he eliminates one of the other two from
the competition (at his choice, so as to maximize his chance of win-
ning the gold). Next goes Perfect (if he was not eliminated already).
He hits the target, and eliminates any of the other competitors still
left (in a way that maximizes his chance of winning the gold). Then
Thirdy gets a turn (if he was not eliminated already), and so on, until
two of the three are eliminated or the 5 bullets are all gone. If two of
the three are eliminated, the last remaining person wins the gold. If
they run out of bullets before a winner is declared, no one wins the
gold. What is the probability that no one wins the gold? Express
your answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2007

Answers, Blitz Stage

√
1. 23 8. 6 3 15. 12 21. 85
1
2. 9. 10:20 16. 1210 22. 30
64
1 4
3. 10. 2100 17. 9 23.
14 9
4
4. 125 11. 750 18. 24. 23
15
3
5. 15 12. 70 19. 110 25.
10
5
6. Sunday 13. 75 20. 48 26.
8

7. 4 14. 140
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2007

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 29 5. 70 9. 70

2. 17 6. 18 10. 2.16
2 3
3. 7. 120 11.
7 16

4. 462 8. 88 12. 24π − 18

Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2007

Answers, Co-op Stage

4
1. 452 5. 8. 139
5

2. 2015029 6. 12 9. 99
6 75
3. 44 7. 10.
11 8

4. 9
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2007

Answers, Blitz Stage

1 5
1. 6 8. 6 15. −40 21. 8

2. 25 9. 30 16. 21 22. 54
3 12
3. 18 10. 5 17. 1.8 23. 37

4. 30 11. 0 18. 13 24. 19

√
53 7 3+12
5. −7 12. 54 19. 25 25. 12

49 28
6. 220 13. 9 20. 353 26. 55

5
7. 440 14. 8
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2007

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 24 5. 20 9. 36

1
2. 840 6. 18 10. 42

13
3. 0.216 7. 93 11. 3

13 9


4. 220 8. 96 12. 2 , 14
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2007

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 20 5. 40 8. 665857
√
2. 25 6. 163 9. 5

13 1
3. 36 7. 42 10. 18

7
4. 5
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2007

Answers, Blitz Stage

1 5
1. 6 8. 6 15. −40 21. 8

2. 25 9. 30 16. 21 22. 54
3 12
3. 18 10. 5 17. 1.8 23. 37

4. 30 11. 0 18. 13 24. 19

√
53 7 3+12
5. −7 12. 54 19. 25 25. 12

49 28
6. 220 13. 9 20. 353 26. 55

5
7. 440 14. 8
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2007

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 24 5. 20 9. 36

1
2. 840 6. 18 10. 42

13
3. 0.216 7. 93 11. 3

13 9


4. 220 8. 96 12. 2 , 14
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2007

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 20 5. 40 8. 665857
√
2. 25 6. 163 9. 5

13 1
3. 36 7. 42 10. 18

7
4. 5
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2008 Canadian Math Challengers Regional Questions

Blitz, Page 1

1. What is 20% of 30% of 400? 1.

2. You flip 2 fair coins, and you win if you get 2 heads or 2 tails. What 2.
is the probability that you win? Express your answer as a common
fraction.

3. What is the sum of all the primes between 10 and 20? 3.

x−2 1
4. Suppose that = . What is the value of x? 4.
x+4 3

49
5. The area of a circle is cm2 . What is the circumference of the 5. cm
π
circle?
49
π

6. In the flow chart, the value of y is 10 and the output value in d is 10. 6.
What is the value of x?
a c
x a−b
b d
y c−b

7. Alfie had $10 to spend. He bought 3 chocolate bars and 8 cookies. 7. cents
The chocolate bars were priced at $1.60 each, tax included. What is
the highest possible price of a cookie? Give your answer in cents.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. Dan is riding his bicycle at 10 m/sec. What is his speed in km/hr? 8. km/hr

9. What is the smallest positive integer N such that 2008 + N contains 9.

only odd digits in its decimal representation?

10. The first five terms of an infinite arithmetic sequence are 4, 11, 18, 10.
25, and 32. What is the value of the 16-th term of the sequence?

11. In the diagram below, AR = P R and P Q = BQ. Also, ∠ARP has 11. degrees
measure 128 degrees, and ∠P QB has measure 88 degrees. What is
the degree measure of ∠ACB? C
Q
R 88◦
128◦

A P B

12. North American roulette wheels have red, black, and green pockets. 12.
The red pockets are labelled 1, 3, 5, . . . , 35. The black pockets are
labelled 2, 4, 6, . . . , 36. The green pockets are labelled 0 and 00.
When the wheel is spun, the ball is equally likely to land in any one
of the pockets. What is the probability that the ball lands in a red
pocket? Give your answer as a common fraction.

13. Find the sum of all the real numbers x such that 13.

|x − 99| + |x − 100| = 10.

14. Alphonse and Beti have $41 between them, Beti and Gamay have $50 14. dollars
between them, and Gamay and Alphonse have $59 between them.
How much money does Gamay have?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. At a Maritimes hockey tournament, each of the 4 Maritimes provinces 15. games
has 3 teams, and each team plays one game against every team which
is not from the same province. (So for example the 3 Nova Scotia
teams do not play against each other.) What is the total number of
games played in the tournament?

16. A circle has area 300π units2 . An equilateral triangle is inscribed in 16. units
the circle. What is the perimeter of this equilateral triangle?

17. Xavier and Yolande, working in different places, put together a com- 17. packages
bined total of 480 lunch packages for a math competition. Yolande
worked twice as fast as Xavier, and for 10% more time than Xavier.
How many of the packages did Yolande put together?

18. The (internal) radius of the base of cylindrical cooking pan A is 8 18. cm
cm, and the internal radius of the base of cylindrical cooking pan B
is 12 cm. Pan A contains water which is 2 cm deep, and pan B is
empty. If the water from pan A is poured into pan B, how deep will
the water in pan B be? Express your answer as a common fraction.

19. In basketball, one can score points in three ways: a free throw basket 19. baskets
(1 point), a 2 point basket (2 points), and a 3 point basket (3 points).
In a tournament, Alicia scored a total of 160 points. She got 34 free
throw baskets, and got three times as many 2 point baskets as 3 point
baskets. What is the total number of baskets (free throw, 2 point,
and 3 point) that she got in the tournament?

20. What is the area of the convex quadrilateral with vertices (0, 0), (6, 0), 20. units2
(2, 5) and (0, 4)?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. A generous teacher gives a 10 question true/false quiz in which you 21. ways
get 2 marks for every right answer, 0 marks for every wrong answer,
and 1 mark for every question that you skip (10 is a pass). In how
many different ways can you get a mark of 18? You could for example
have the wrong answer on the fifth question, with the rest right. Or
you could get the right answer on the first 8 questions, and skip the
last two.

22. A right pyramid has a square base, and all edges of the pyramid are 22. cm2
equal. If the volume of the pyramid is 144 cm3 , what is the area of
the base of the pyramid?

23. Define the sequence a1 , a2 , a3 , and so on by a1 = 3 and 23.

an − 1
an+1 =
an + 1
for all n ≥ 1. What is the value of a2008 ?

24. The figure ABCDE is a regular pentagon, and the point P in the 24. degrees
interior of the pentagon is chosen so that △ABP is equilateral. What
is the degree measure of ∠BP C? D

E P C

A B
25. In the multiplication problem below, the letters G, M, A, T, and H 25.
represent different digits. What is the value of G + M + A + T + H?
2008
× HT
GMATH
26. A triangle with sides 3, 3, and 2 is inscribed in a circle. For what 26.
number x is the area of the circle equal to πx? Express x as a common
fraction.
3 3
2
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. A distance of 1 cm on a map represents a distance of 5 km on the 1. cm2

ground. A lake has area 200 km2 . How many cm2 should the image
of the lake occupy on the map?

2. A cup of coffee costs $3.00, and a muffin costs $4.00. This week, 2. muffins
Sabrina spent exactly $29.00 on coffee and muffins. What is the sum
of the smallest number of muffins and the largest number of muffins
that Sabrina could have bought this week?

3. Alicia’s Toyota Camry uses 11.5 litres of gasoline to travel 100 km 3. litres
in the city, and 7.5 litres to travel 100 km on the highway. Eighty
percent of the distance Alicia travels per year is in the city, and 20%
is on the highway. What is the average number of litres Alicia uses
to travel 100 km? Give the answer correct to 1 decimal place.

4. Alicia, Beti, and Gamay ran for Student Council president. Alicia 4. people
won with 45% of the votes, Beti got 40%, and Gamay got 15%. If 20
people had switched their vote from Gamay to Beti, then Beti would
have ended up with 1 more vote than Alicia. How many people voted?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Combinatorics and Numbers

5. Alicia has 6 pairs of shoes, identical except for colour: 3 of the pairs 5.
(6 shoes) are brown, 2 pairs are red, and 1 pair is green. Alicia is
completely colour blind, so she picks a left shoe and a right shoe at
random. What is the probability that the two shoes are of the same
colour? Express your answer as a common fraction.

6. The positive integer N is a multiple of 8. When N is divided by 25, 6.

the remainder is 9. What is the smallest possible value of N ?

7. The positive integers a, b, and c satisfy the equation 7.

4 1 1 1
= + +
5 a b c
What is the largest possible value of a + b + c?

8. What is the smallest prime that divides 2047? 8.

Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry

9. Each small square in the diagram below has area 1 unit2 . The dia- 9. units2
gram consists of 64 squares. What is the area enclosed by the 5-sided
figure ABCDE? The points A, B, C, D, and E are all grid points.
D

C
E

A B

10. In the figure below, C is on the line segment BD, and ∠ABC has 10. units
measure 45◦ . Also, we have AB = 10, and AC = AD √ = 9. What is
the length of CD? Express your answer√in the form N , where N is
an integer. For example, an answer of 160 is of the right form.
A

10 9 9

45◦
B C D

11. A spherical ball of radius 2 is dropped into a cup. The cup is a right- 11. units
circular cone, with the radius of the top equal to 5 and the height
equal to 12. When the ball reaches as low as it can, how far is the
bottom of the ball from the vertex of the cone? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

12. In the trapezoid below, lines that look parallel are parallel. The 12. cm2
trapezoid is divided into four regions by its diagonals. The areas of
two of these regions are 50 cm2 and 20 cm2 , as indicated. What is
the area of the entire trapezoid?
20
50
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. How many five-digit positive integers have two 2’s and three 3’s in 1.
their decimal representation?

2. There are four different positive integers a, b, c, and d such that 2.

a3 + b3 = c3 + d3 = 1729.

What is the value of a + b + c + d?

3. What is the largest number of 20 × 20 × 10 wooden boxes that can 3. boxes

be put in a 50 × 50 × 40 box? All measurements are in centimetres.
Boxes cannot be cut, or changed in shape or size.

4. Some positive integers can be expressed as the sum of two perfect 4.

squares. For example, 1 = 02 +12 , 2 = 12 +12 , 4 = 02 +22 , 5 = 12 +22 .
But, for example, 3, 6, and 7 cannot be expressed as the sum of two
perfect squares. How many of the integers from 1 to 25 cannot be
expressed as the sum of two perfect squares?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. In the 3 × 3 grid below, every point is at a unit distance from its 5. segments
nearest horizontal or vertical neighbours. Call a line segment good
if the endpoints of the line segment are grid points, and the line
segment contains no grid point other than its endpoints. (Two good
line segments have been drawn in the diagram.) How many different
good line segments are there?

6. The picture below (on the left) shows a 4 × 4 “checker board.” How 6. ways
many ways are there to place a white piece and a black piece on
two different squares of this board, so that the two pieces are not
on squares that are next to each other. (Two squares are considered
next to each other if they have a side or a vertex in common.) The
three pictures below (on the right) show three of the allowed ways to
place the white piece and the black piece.

7. Let N be a positive integer. Define f (N ) to be the total number of 7.

occurrences of primes in the prime factorization of N . For example,
f (60) = 4, since 60 is the product of the primes 2, 2, 3, and 5. How
many positive integers N ≤ 125 are there such that f (N ) = 4?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. In the 4 × 4 grid below, every point is at a unit distance from its 8. ways
nearest horizontal or vertical neighbours. How many ways are there
to choose a collection of 4 points of the grid so that these 4 points
form the corners of a square?

9. Imagine listing, in increasing order, the positive integers which are 9.

neither perfect squares nor perfect cubes, nor perfect fourth powers,
nor perfect fifth powers, and so on. The first few numbers in the list
are 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 10. What is the 250-th number in the list?

10. The figure below is a quarter-circle with center O and radius 4. The 10. units2
point M is on the curved part of the quarter-circle, and the length
of the arc P M is equal to the length of the arc M Q. The point N
bisects the line segment OP . What is the area of the shaded region?
Express your answer in terms of π.
Q
M

O N P
Canadian Math Challengers Society

1. What is the value of 213 ?

.............................................

2. The perimeter of a rectangle is 18 cm.

The length of the rectangle is twice the width.
What is the number of cm2 in the area of the
rectangle?

.............................................

3. Twenty percent of 20% of a certain

number is 20 . What is the number?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

4. The measures of the angles of a triangle

are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 4 . What is the degree
measure of the largest angle?
.............................................

5. What is the (positive) value of

p
x3 + y 3 when x = 8 and y = 4 ?
.............................................

35
6. Simplify:
0.014
Canadian Math Challengers Society

7. Beti has25% more loonies than Alfie.

Between them they have 99 loonies. How
many loonies does Alfie have?
.............................................

8. The area of a circle is less than 300π

cm2 . If the radius of the circle is an integer
number of cm, what is the largest possible
number of cm in the radius of the circle ?
.............................................

9. At Mall-WartTM ,
4 pants and 6 shirts cost
$ 288 . How much do 10 pants and 15
shirts cost?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

10. The figure below is made by sliding

together a4 × 4 square, a 2 × 2 square,
and a 1 × 1 square. What is the perimeter
of the figure?

.............................................

11. What is the value of 43 + 53 + 63 ?

.............................................

12. What is the 40 -th number in the

sequence 1 , 2 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 4 , 4 , 5 ,
5, 5, 5, 5, 6, . . . ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

13. A triangle with sides 6 , 8 , and 10 is

inscribed in a circle. What is the area of the
circle? Express your answer in terms of π.
.............................................

14. A drawer contains 4 white socks and 4

black socks. Alicia removes 2 socks from the
drawer, chosen at random. What is the
probability that the socks are of the same
colour ? Express your answer as a common
fraction.
.............................................

15. A prime number p is called a Sophie

Germain prime if 2p + 1 is also prime. What
is the smallest Sophie Germain prime that is
bigger than 30 ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

16. At 3 : 00 o’clock the angle between the

hour hand and the minute hand of a clock is
90◦ . What is the angle between the two
hands at 3 : 10 ?
.............................................

17. Peter can pick 3 pecks of peppers in 4

hours. Petra can pick 4 pecks of peppers in
3 hours. Working together, how many pecks
of peppers can Peter and Petra pick in 12
hours?
.............................................

18. What is the sum of the two positive

integers x such that x2 + 40 is a perfect
square?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

19. A mother who is 180 cm tall is standing

in the sunshine beside her 120 cm tall child.
If the child casts a 70 cm shadow, what is
the number of cm in the shadow cast by the
mother?
.............................................
20. Three circles have, respectively, radius
4 , 6 , and 12 units. What is the radius of the
circle whose area is the sum of the areas of
the three circles?

.............................................
21. Two fair dice are tossed. What is the
probability that the positive difference
between the numbers obtained is 1?
Express your answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

22. Four numbers form an arithmetic

sequence. The smallest of the four numbers
is 5 and the largest is 15 . What is the sum
of the four numbers?
.............................................
23. Let D(x, y) = x2 − y 2 . What is the
value of D(125, 25) ?
.............................................
24. A square is inscribed in an isosceles
right-angled triangle. Two vertices of the
square are on the hypotenuse of the triangle.
What is the ratio of the area of the square to
the area of the triangle ? Express your
answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

25. The length of rectangle R is 30% more

S , and the width of
than the side of square
R is 30% less than the side of S . The area
of R is how many percent less than the area
of S ?

.............................................

26. What is the sum of the positive integers

that divide 81 ?
.............................................

n
27. What is the smallest positive integer
such that n − 4 , n − 2 , n + 2 , and n + 4
are all prime?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

28. How many integers k ≥ 8 are there

such that there is a triangle with sides 8 , 8 ,
and k ?
.............................................

29. There are two different pairs (a, b) and

(c, d) such that
a! c!
= = 30.
b! d!
What is the value of a + c?
.............................................

30. How many millilitres of milk must you mix

with 180 ml of black coffee so that the
mixture is 20% milk?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

31. What is the least common multiple of the

first five positive odd integers?
.............................................

32. What is the smallest integer which is

greater than 2008 and is divisible by both 5
and 9?
.............................................

33. Alfie and Beth each pick a number from

1 to 10 (inclusive), independently and at
random (they could pick the same number).
What is the probability that the sum of their
two numbers is equal to 16 ? Express your
answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

n less than
34. What is the largest number
100 such that n − 1 and n + 1 are both
prime ?
.............................................

35. One can of paint is required to paint all

the faces of a big cube. The big cube is cut
up into 64 equal little cubes. How many
cans of paint are required to paint all the
faces of the 64 little cubes?
.............................................

36. Suppose that 4x+3 = 8x−3 . What is

the value of x?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2008 Canadian Math Challengers Provincial Questions

Blitz, Page 1

1. Let x = (1.1)2 + (0.1)2 . Express x as a decimal. 1.

2. The volume of a cone is 9 cm3 . What is the volume of a cylinder 2. cm3

which has the same base and the same height as the cone?

10 40
3. Suppose that x > 0 and + = x. What is the integer which is 3.
x x
nearest to x?

4. The price of A is $2.60. The price of B is 25% of the price of A. 4. cents

The price of C is 16/13 times the price of B. What is the price of C?
Express your answer in cents.

5. Suppose that 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + N + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 = 20. What is the 5.

value of N ?

6. The figure below consists of three squares with the same centre. The 6. cm2
middle-sized square is inscribed diagonally in the large square, and
the small square is inscribed diagonally in the middle-sized square.
The diagonal of the smallest square has length 5 cm. What is the
area of the largest square?

7. Two fair dice are tossed. What is the probability that the sum is 8? 7.
Express your answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Blitz, Page 2
8. Let S be the 6-element set {A, B, C, D, E, F }. How many of the 8.
subsets of S have exactly 2 elements?

9. On a trip, Alicia drove at 50 km per hour for 30 minutes, then at 80 9. km/hr

km/hr for 1 hour, and then at 100 km/hr for 1 hour. What was her
average speed for the trip, in km/hr?

10. What is the area of the convex quadrilateral whose vertices are at 10. units2
(0, 0), (0, 2), (10, 4), and (10, 0)?

11. What is the smallest integer which is greater than 300 and has exactly 11.
four different prime factors?

12. Alicia chooses at random a multiple of 6 between 1 and 121. Beth 12.
chooses at random a multiple of 15 between 1 and 121. What is the
probability that they choose the same number? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

13. A small cup of coffee costs $1.50, a medium cup costs $2.00, and a 13. cups
large cup costs $2.50. Last month, Sabrina spent a total of $100.00
on cups of coffee. Of the cups of coffee she bought, 20 were small, 20
were medium, and the rest were large. What is the total number of
cups of coffee that Sabrina bought last month?

14. Four equal squares are removed from the corners of square ABCD, 14. units2
leaving the shaded cross below. The arms of the cross have width 5
units. If the area of the cross is 375 units2 , what is the area of the
square ABCD? 5
D C

5 5

A B
5
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Blitz, Page 3
15. What is the sum of the solutions of the equation |1 + x| + |1 − x| = 4? 15.

16. The figure below is constructed from 1 by 1 squares. What is the 16. squares
total number of squares (of all sizes) in the figure?

17. How many positive integers divide 120 but do not divide 24? Note 17.
that for any positive integer n, 1 divides n and n divides n.

18. How many degrees are there in the acute angle between the hour 18. degrees
hand and the minute hand of an ordinary clock at 12 : 12 PM?

19. The picture below is a top view of a big solid cube that has been 19. cm2
put together from 125 little cubes, each of side 1 cm. The centre
little cube of each face of the big cube is removed. (The little cube
removed from the top face has been marked with an x.) What is the
total surface area of the solid thus created?
x

20. How many digits are there in the decimal representation of 540 ? 20. digits
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Blitz, Page 4
21. The lines in the figure below represent the streets of a village. The 21. ways
shaded region is a park with no road through it. In how many dif-
ferent ways can Alicia drive from home (H) to school (S), if she can
never be driving South (downward) or West (leftward )?
S

H
22. Alphonse, Beth, and their mother Gamay were all born in January. 22.
In Februry 2008, their ages were all prime numbers: 11, 13, and 43.
What is the first calendar year after 2008 that their ages in February
will all be prime?

23. The picture shows a triangle ABC, with AB = 4, AC = 1, and 23. points
a right angle at A. So △ABC has area 2. How many points P
are there, in the plane of △ABC, such that (i) △ABP has area 2,
and (ii) △ABP has a right angle somewhere, not necessarily at A.
Include in your count the point C of the picture.
C

A B
2008
24. What is the smallest possible positive value of 9 − , if N is a 24.
N
positive integer? Express your answer as a common fraction.

25. The two large shaded circles each have radius 1, and the distance 25. units
between their centres is 5/2. The large circles and the small circle
are tangent to the same line, and are on the same side of that line.
The small circle lies between the two large circles and is tangent to
them. What is the radius of the small circle? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

26. You have a Magic Money Machine (MMM). Whenever you put in a 26. pennies
penny, the MMM keeps the penny, but spits out either 5 or 8 pennies.
So if you have only 1 penny, and use the MMM twice, you may end
up with 9, 12, or 15 pennies. What is the largest number of pennies
that it is impossible to end up with, if you have only 1 penny and are
allowed to use the MMM as many times as you want?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. A distance of 1 cm on a map represents a distance of 5 km on the 1. cm2

ground. A lake has area 200 km2 . How many cm2 should the image
of the lake occupy on the map?

2. A cup of coffee costs $3.00, and a muffin costs $4.00. This week, 2. muffins
Sabrina spent exactly $29.00 on coffee and muffins. What is the sum
of the smallest number of muffins and the largest number of muffins
that Sabrina could have bought this week?

3. Alicia’s Toyota Camry uses 11.5 litres of gasoline to travel 100 km 3. litres
in the city, and 7.5 litres to travel 100 km on the highway. Eighty
percent of the distance Alicia travels per year is in the city, and 20%
is on the highway. What is the average number of litres Alicia uses
to travel 100 km? Give the answer correct to 1 decimal place.

4. Alicia, Beti, and Gamay ran for Student Council president. Alicia 4. people
won with 45% of the votes, Beti got 40%, and Gamay got 15%. If 20
people had switched their vote from Gamay to Beti, then Beti would
have ended up with 1 more vote than Alicia. How many people voted?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Combinatorics and Numbers

5. Alicia has 6 pairs of shoes, identical except for colour: 3 of the pairs 5.
(6 shoes) are brown, 2 pairs are red, and 1 pair is green. Alicia is
completely colour blind, so she picks a left shoe and a right shoe at
random. What is the probability that the two shoes are of the same
colour? Express your answer as a common fraction.

6. The positive integer N is a multiple of 8. When N is divided by 25, 6.

the remainder is 9. What is the smallest possible value of N ?

7. The positive integers a, b, and c satisfy the equation 7.

4 1 1 1
= + +
5 a b c
What is the largest possible value of a + b + c?

8. What is the smallest prime that divides 2047? 8.

Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry

9. Each small square in the diagram below has area 1 unit2 . The dia- 9. units2
gram consists of 64 squares. What is the area enclosed by the 5-sided
figure ABCDE? The points A, B, C, D, and E are all grid points.
D

C
E

A B

10. In the figure below, C is on the line segment BD, and ∠ABC has 10. units
measure 45◦ . Also, we have AB = 10, and AC = AD √ = 9. What is
the length of CD? Express your answer√in the form N , where N is
an integer. For example, an answer of 160 is of the right form.
A

10 9 9

45◦
B C D

11. A spherical ball of radius 2 is dropped into a cup. The cup is a right- 11. units
circular cone, with the radius of the top equal to 5 and the height
equal to 12. When the ball reaches as low as it can, how far is the
bottom of the ball from the vertex of the cone? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

12. In the trapezoid below, lines that look parallel are parallel. The 12. cm2
trapezoid is divided into four regions by its diagonals. The areas of
two of these regions are 50 cm2 and 20 cm2 , as indicated. What is
the area of the entire trapezoid?
20
50
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.

Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. Line segment AB is 3 cm long. Line ℓ is parallel to AB and 1 cm 1. ways

from AB. In how many ways can we choose a point P on line ℓ so
that △ABP is isosceles?
ℓ

A B

2. There are exactly two integers n between 10 and 99 such that the 2.
last two digits of n2 are (in order) the same as the two digits of n.
What is the sum of these two integers? (Note that 11 is not such an
integer, because 112 = 121.)

3. How many 3-letter “words” can be made using letters chosen from the 3. words
letters in “CANADA”? For example, “ADN” is an acceptable word,
as are “AAA” and “DAA”. But “NCC” is not acceptable, since it
has two C’s while “CANADA” has only one.

4. In the diagram below, the cross (shaded) is constructed using 5 iden- 4. units2
tical squares. The cross is inscribed in a circle of radius 6. What is
the area of the cross?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.

Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. How many integers between 100 and 999 divide 962 ? 5. integers

6. How many integers between 100 and 1000 have no 1’s and no 2’s in 6. integers
their decimal representation?

7. The diagram below shows a 3 × 4 × 7 rectangular box. What is the 7. units

length of the shortest path on the surface√of the box from point X to
point Y ? Give your answer√in the form N , where N is an integer.
For example, an answer of 172 is of the right form.
Y
7

4
3
X
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.

Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. In the diagram below, a circle of radius greater than 9 cm is inscribed 8. cm

in the square ABCD. A point P on the circle is 8 cm from side AB
of the square, and 9 cm from side AD. What is the radius of the
circle?
D C

A B

9. The positive integer n will be called fat if n is√ divisible by every 9.

positive integer which is less than or equal to n. How many fat
positive integers are there?

10. Define A(n, i) by A(n, i) = ni − ni−1 . Find the sum of all values of 10.
A(n, i), as n ranges over the 10 integers from 1 to 10, and i indepen-
dently ranges over the 3 integers from 1 to 3.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Provincial 2008 Face-off Questions

Actually Used

1. The first term of a geometric sequence is 0.3, and the second term
is 0.6. What is the sixth term of the sequence? Express your answer
as a decimal, to one decimal place.

2. What is the height of a cone which has the same base and the
same volume as a cylinder of height 15 cm?

3. What is the value of 11 + 22 + 33 + 44 + 55 + 66 + 77 + 88 + 99?

4. Alicia bought two 2-inch binders and four 1-inch binders. The 2-
inch binders cost $5.50 each, and the 1-inch binders cost $3.25 each.
What was Alicia’s average cost, in dollars, per binder?

5. If 3x + 5y = 345 and 5x + 3y = 543, what is the value of x + y?

6. What is the sum of all the positive integers that are perfect cubes
and that are each less than 100?

7. An elephant can eat 20 bags of grain in 2 hours. At this rate, how

many bags of grain can the elephant eat in 24 minutes?

8. In the right-angled triangle below, the hypotenuse has length 17

units, and one of the legs has length 15 units. How many units2 are
in the area of the triangle?

17

15

9. In an election, Alfie got 60% of the votes and Beth got the rest of
the votes. If Alfie got 120 more votes than Beth, how many people
voted?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

10. What is the sum of the (decimal) digits of 106 − 8?

11. The sum of all the positive integers from 1 to n (inclusive) is

greater than 100. What is the smallest possible value of n?

12. How many positive factors of 26 × 56 are perfect squares?

13. The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are placed in the squares of the

cross below, one to a square. Let H be the sum of the numbers in
the horizontal line of squares, and let V be the sum of the numbers
in the vertical line of squares. What is the smallest possible value of
H +V?

14. If x ⋆ y = x2 + 3xy + y 2 , what is the value of 3 ⋆ 7?

15. A hen lays an egg every 26 hours. How many eggs will she lay
in 13 weeks?

16. Alfie’s back yard is a rectangle 10 metres wide and 20 metres

long. He is tired of mowing the lawn. How many cubic metres of
concrete does Alfie need in order to cover the back yard with an
8 cm thick layer of concrete?

17. The sum of two different positive integers is equal to 14. What
is the smallest possible value of the sum of their squares?

18. The volume of a spherical ball is 288π cubic cm. What is the
number of cm in the radius of the ball?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

19. The Delta Blues basketball team played 50 games, and lost 24
more games than it won. (There are no ties in basketball.) How
many games did the Blues win?

20. The table below shows daily rainfall, in mm, during one dismal
November week.
day Su M Tu W Th F Sa
mm 12 8 15 16 10 13 17
What was the average daily rainfall (in mm) that week?

21. What number is halfway between 1492 and 2008?

22. In old British coinage, a 1 shilling coin was worth 12 pence, and
a 1 pound coin was worth 20 shillings. What was the value, in pence,
of 1 pound, 5 shillings, and 3 pence?

23. Fruit “R” Us sells mangos at 5 for 4 dollars. SellHigh sells mangos
at 4 for 5 dollars. How many more dollars does it take to buy 20
mangos at SellHigh than at Fruit “R” Us?

24. What is the smallest positive integer that does not divide 840?

1
25. Express 1 + as a common fraction.
1
1+
1
1+
1

26. The fifteen numbers 1, 2, 3, . . . , 14, 15 can be divided into three

groups so that the sum S of the numbers in any group is the same.
What is that sum S?

27. Alicia picks at random an integer from 1 to 6 (inclusive), with

all choices equally likely. Beth independently picks at random an
integer from 1 to 6. What is the probability that Alicia’s number is
greater than Beth’s? Express your answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2008

Answers, Blitz Stage

1. 24 8. 36 15. 54 21. 55

1
2. 2 9. 1103 16. 90 22. 72

3. 60 10. 109 17. 330 23. −2

8
4. 5 11. 108 18. 9 24. 66

9
5. 14 12. 19 19. 90 25. 30

81
6. 30 13. 199 20. 19 26. 32

7. 65 14. 34
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2008

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

9
1. 1600 5. 8 9. 16

2. 576 6. 10 10. 28

1
3. 81 7. 130 11. 168

31
4. 65 8. 32 12. 112
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2008

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 10 5. 28 8. 20

2. 32 6. 156 9. 273
√
3. 24 7. 13 10. 2π + 2 2 − 4

4. 12
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2008

Answers, Blitz Stage

1. 1.22 8. 15 15. 0 21. 20

2. 27 9. 82 16. 17 22. 2026

3. 7 10. 30 17. 8 23. 8

1
4. 80 11. 330 18. 66 24.
28
1 25
5. −20 12. 19. 174 25.
40 64

6. 50 13. 52 20. 28 26. 18

5
7. 14. 1600
36
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2008

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

7
1. 8 5. 9. 35
18
√
2. 7 6. 184 10. 124
16
3. 10.7 7. 26 11.
5

4. 380 8. 23 12. 98
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2008

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 5 5. 9 8. 29

2. 101 6. 448 9. 8
√
3. 34 7. 98 10. 3015

4. 72
Canadian Math Challengers Society

2009 Canadian Math Challengers Regional Questions

Blitz, Page 1

1. Alicia tosses 3 fair coins. What is the probability that she gets at 1.
least 1 head? Express your answer as a common fraction.

2. It took Anita 2.25 hours to walk 12.5 km. At this rate, how many 2. hours
hours will it take for her to walk a total of 50 km?

3. What is the value of 0.15 + 0.2 + 0.25 + 0.3 + 0.35? Express your 3.
answer as a decimal.

4. The points A, B, and C in the figure below are 3 consecutive vertices 4. degrees
of a regular pentagon. What is the degree measure of angle ABC?

A B
5. After getting all his cavities filled by the dentist, Andy celebrated by 5. candies
buying candies which were on sale at 32 per dollar. He spent $3.50
on the candies. How many candies did he buy?

4+5+6+7
6. Simplify: . 6.
1 + 12 + 31

7. What is the total (outer) surface area of a closed box with sides 1, 2, 7. units2
and 3?
2
3
1
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Blitz, Page 2
8. Let x = 1.23 + 4.56 + 7.89. What is the integer nearest to x? 8.

(99!)(101!)
9. Express as a common fraction. 9.
(98!)(102!)

10. Alfie is running at a speed of 5 metres per second. What is his speed 10. km/hr
in kilometres per hour?

11. At Big Box Secondary School, each teacher teaches 4 classes per day, 11. students
each student takes 5 classes per day, each class has 35 students, and
there are 150 teachers. How many students are there at the school?

12. The vertices of a triangle in the coordinate plane are at (1, 0), (x, 0), 12.
and (0, x − 1). Given that x > 1, and that the triangle has area 18,
what is the value of x? (The picture is not drawn to scale.)

13. In a “mixed” chess tournament, every person played 5 games, 3 of 13. males
them against a male player, and 2 against a female player. Altogether,
there were 300 games. How many males played in the tournament?

14. Suppose that |x + 1| + |x − 1| ≥ 10 and 2x + |x − 1| ≥ 6. What is 14.

the smallest possible value of x?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Blitz, Page 3
15. King Charles the Short-Sighted rode all the way around the boundary 15. km2
of his kingdom, which is a circle with diameter 100 kilometres. While
he rode along, he could see only 20 metres in any direction. What
is the total area (both inside and outside his kingdom) of the region
that he saw? Assume the world is flat. Express your answer in terms
of π.

16. What is the greatest prime factor of 1312 + 1313 + 1314 ? 16.

17. We have 4 identical rectangular tables, each of which has short side 17.
equal to a, and long side equal to b. When the tables are pushed
together short sides to short sides (left part of picture), the resulting
long table has perimeter which is 2 times the perimeter when the
tables are pushed together long sides to long sides (right part of
picture). What is the ratio of a to b? Express your answer as a
common fraction.

18. The lines below represent the streets of a small town. All blocks in 18.
the town are squares. Alphonse is standing at the street intersection
in the middle of town indicated by the small black circle. How many
intersections can he end up at by walking for 3 or fewer blocks?
Don’t forget about the intersection he starts at, which he can reach
by walking for 0 blocks, or 1 block north and 1 block south.

19. A car uses 12 litres of gas to travel 100 km. If gas costs $1.50 a litre, 19. dollars
how much does it cost to buy the gas to travel 12 km? Give your
answer in dollars, to the nearest cent.

xyz √ √ √
20. Let f (x, y, z) = . What is the value of f (3 7, 2 7, 7)? 20.
x+y+z
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Blitz, Page 4
21. How many triangles are there altogether in the figure below? 21. triangles

22. What is the largest integer n such that 4n + 1 is a multiple of n + 4? 22.

23. In how many different ways can 6 people (A, B, C, D, E, and F) be 23. ways
lined up in a row so that A and B are next to each other, C and D
are next to each other, and E and F are not next to each other?

1440
24. What the largest integer n such that is an integer? 24.
n2 − 1

25. The shaded rectangle below has base AB of length 4, and has height 1. 25. units
An isosceles triangle is erected with base the side opposite to AB.
The triangle is right-angled at T . A circle is drawn passing through
A, B, and T . What is the radius of the circle? Express your answer
as a common fraction. T

A B

26. There is an integer a such that a11 = 177917621779460413. (Note 26.

that a11 is an 18-digit number.) What is the value of a?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. The average of x and 2y is 55. The average of x and 2z is 59. What 1.

is the average of x, y, and z?

2. Alphonse works part-time. He earns $6 per hour on weekdays (Mon- 2. hours

day to Friday) and $8 per hour on weekends. This week he worked
for a total of 32 hours, and earned $220. How many weekday hours
did Alphonse work?

3. Alicia weighed 168 pounds when she went on a diet, and her body 3. pounds
was 30% fat by weight. On her diet, she lost fat only. After a year
of dieting, her body was 20% fat by weight. How many pounds did
she weigh then?

4. Let a and b be real numbers such that 4.

1 1
a+ =9 and b+ = 10.
b a
1
What is the value of ab + ?
ab
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Combinatorics and Numbers

5. Two fair dice are tossed. What is the probability that the product of 5.
the two numbers so obtained is divisible by 3? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

6. Find the positive difference between the largest and the smallest of 6.
the fractions
3 4 11 23 47
, , , , .
4 5 15 30 60
Express your answer as a common fraction.

7. A combination for a simple bicycle lock is a sequence (a, b, c), where 7. combos
a, b, and c can be any of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, but adjacent numbers
in the combination are different. For example (5, 0, 7) is a legitimate
combination, as is (5, 0, 5), but (2, 4, 4) is not allowed. How many
combinations (combos) are possible, altogether?
0
7 1
6 2
5 3
4

8. Suppose that x and y are positive integers such that xy = x+y+2009. 8.

What is the smallest possible value of x + y?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry

9. The measures of the four interior angles of a 4-sided convex polygon 9. degrees
form an arithmetic progression. The smallest angle has degree mea-
sure 33◦ . What is the degree measure of the second smallest angle?

33◦

10. The pinwheel below is made

√ by putting√together four right-angled 10. cm
triangles whose legs are 7 − 1 cm and 7 + 1 cm in length. What
is the number of cm in the perimeter of the pinwheel?

11. The vertices of the shaded triangle below have coordinates (0, 1), 11.
8
(1, 0), and (k, k) where k is positive. The triangle has area units2 .
9
What is the value of k, as a common fraction?

(k, k)

(0, 1)
(1, 0)

12. In the picture below, which is not drawn to scale, △ABC is right- 12. units2
angled at C. The two legs AC and BC have length 40 and 60. The
shaded region consists of all points inside △ABC which are at a
distance less than or equal to 6 from one (or both) of the two legs of
△ABC. What is the area of the shaded region?
A

B C
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.

Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. What is the probability that a randomly selected positive divisor of 1.

2100 is a divisor of 250 ? Note that for any positive integer N , both 1
and N are divisors of N . Express your answer as a common fraction.

2. How many of the integers in the interval from 1 to 40 have exactly 4 2. integers
(positive) divisors?

3. Two 1 × 1 squares partially overlap as shown. What is the area of 3. units2

the region of overlap? Express your answer in simplest radical form.

4. How many integers between 100 and 999 are there whose “hundreds” 4. numbers
digit is equal to the sum of the other two digits?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.

Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. How many positive integers are there none of whose digits is 0 and 5. integers
the sum of whose digits is 5?

6. In the year k, where 1 ≤ k ≤ 4, the village of Ratland had P (k) 6. rats

people, D(k) dogs, C(k) cats, and R(k) rats. Suppose that:
(a) For 1 ≤ k ≤ 4, P (k) = D(k) + C(k) (the number of people is
equal to the number of dogs plus the number of cats);
(b) For 1 ≤ k ≤ 3, P (k + 1) = P (k) + 10, D(k + 1) = D(k) + 15,
and R(k + 1) = R(k) − 100 C(k) + 10000;
(c) R(1) = 10000, P (2) = 100, and D(4) = 75.
What was the value of R(4), the rat population in year 4?

7. When Mr. Lucky starts betting, he has 3 dollars. On any bet, he 7.

wins with probability 1/3 and loses with probability 2/3. If he wins
a bet, the total amount of money he has triples. If he loses a bet, he
loses 2/3 of the total amount of money he has. Mr. Lucky’s objective
is to walk away with 27 dollars in his pocket, and he can keep playing
as long as he has at least 3 dollars. What is the probability that he
reaches his objective? Express your answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.

Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. The numbers in the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} are divided into two groups. 8.
Let a be the product of the numbers in one group, and let b be the
product of the numbers in the other group. What is the smallest
possible value of a + b?

9. Three semicircles have diameters on the same line. The points A, B, 9.

C, D, E, and F are on the line, in that order. The leftmost semicircle
has diameter BC = 4, the rightmost semicircle has diameter DE = 2.
The middle semicircle has diameter CD > 4. A common tangent
line to the leftmost two semicircles meets the line of diameters at A,
and a tangent line to the rightmost two semicircles meets the line
of diameters at F . Given that AB = 6, what is the length of EF ?
Express your answer as a common fraction.
Q
S
P
R
A 6 B 4 C D 2EF

10. A 2 × 2 sheet of paper is folded once to make a 2 × 1 rectangle. The 10. pieces
rectangle is then folded once to make a 1 × 1 square package. Finally,
this package is cut all the way through along the two diagonals. How
many separate pieces has the original sheet of paper been cut into?
Canadian Math Challengers Society Regional 2009 Face-off Questions
Actually Used

66
1. Simplify: 1. 550
0.12

2. In the 4 × 4 grid below, every grid point is 1 unit from its near- 2. 9 (lines)
est horizontal or vertical neighbours. How many different lines pass
through the grid point P at the lower left-hand corner of the grid,
and through at least one other grid point?

3. Alicia has $1000 in her wallet. Half of the money is in $20 bills, 3. 35 (bills)
and the other half is in $50 bills. How many bills does she have in
her wallet?

4. What is the mean, to 2 decimal places, of the following list of 8 4. 2.25

numbers?
2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3

5. Quadrilateral ABCD is a rhombus, and the degree measure of 5. 57 (degrees)

∠ABC is 66◦ . What is the degree measure of ∠DAC?
A D

66◦
B C

3
6. Two standard dice are tossed. What is the probability that the 6. 4
product of the two numbers obtained is even? Express your answer
as a common fraction.

7. What is the sum of the solutions of the equation (x−3)(x2 −4) = 0? 7. 3

Canadian Math Challengers Society
8. TicketScalper R
is selling single tickets to the concert for $95 each, 8. 5.20 (dollars)
and booklets of 5 tickets for $449. Five friends decide to get a booklet
and share the cost equally. How much money does each of them save
over the single ticket price? Give the answer in dollars, to the nearest
cent.

3 1
9. If x + 2y + 3 = , what is the value of 2x + 4y + 5? 9. 5
5

10. What is the product of 10.5 and 30.5? Give your answer as a 10. 320.25
decimal correct to 2 decimal places.

11. In a class of 50 students, there are 20 boys and 30 girls. Each boy 11. 26
was asked to write down the number of boys in the class (including
himself). Each girl was asked to write down the number of girls in the
class, including herself. They all wrote down the correct numbers.
What is the average (mean) of all the numbers they wrote down?

12. The product of 3 consecutive positive integers, divided by their 12. 11

sum, is equal to 40. Of the 3 consecutive integers, which integer is in
the middle?

13. What is the number of cm in the height of a cone which has the 13. 45 (cm)
same base and the same volume as a cylinder of height 15 cm?

14. We have 64 little cubes, each of which is 1 × 1 × 1. They com- 14. 52 (cubes)
pletely fill a lidless 4 × 4 × 4 cubical box. How many of the little
cubes touch a side or the bottom of the big box?

15. Alicia started studying at 6:50 PM, and stopped studying 3 hours 15. 10:10 or equivalent
and 20 minutes later. At what time did she stop studying?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
16. A drawer contains 9 blue marbles, 7 white marbles, and 5 red 16. 17 (marbles)
marbles. What is the smallest number of marbles that we must take
out to make sure that among the marbles we take out all 3 colours
are represented?

17. The product of 3 consecutive even integers is equal to 960. What 17. 30
is the sum of these 3 even integers?

18. A wedge of cheese has dimensions (in cm) shown below. (Tech- 18. 60 (cm3 )
nically, the wedge is a right triangular prism. The triangular faces
of the prism are right triangles with legs of length 4 cm and 6 cm.)
What is the volume, in cm3 , of the wedge of cheese?
5

2
19. There are 14 yellow, 15 black, and 16 red jelly beans in a bowl, 19. 3
and no others. If you pick a jelly bean at random from the bowl,
what is the probability it is not black? Express your answer as a
common fraction.

20. What is the remainder when 2009 is divided by 18? 20. 11

21. A mother weighs 14 times as much as either one of her two 21. 63 (kg)
identical twin babies. Altogether, the mother and the two babies
weigh 72 kg. How many kg does the mother weigh?

22. The two legs of a right angled triangle have lengths 1 and 2.4. 22. 2.6 (units)
What is the length of the hypotenuse? Express your answer as a
decimal, correct to 1 decimal place.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
23. A full small (cylindrical) tomato paste can contains 156 ml of 23. 1248 (ml)
tomato paste. A large can has twice the radius and twice the height
of a small can. How many ml of tomato paste does a full large can
contain?

24. Let N be the five-digit number whose digits, from left to right, 24. 8
are 7, d, 8, d, and 5. If N is a multiple of 9, what is the value of d?

25. There were 4 candidates for Mayor. Alicia got 50% of the votes, 25. 1250 (people)
Beti got 30% of the votes, Gamay got 16%, and Delbert got the
remaining 100 votes. How many people voted for Alicia?

26. There are 2 different numbers each of which is twice as far from 26. 16
0 as it is from 6. What is the sum of these 2 numbers?
0 6

27. One cubic centimetre of red cedar weighs 0.38 grams. What is 27. 380 (kg)
the weight, in kilograms, of 1 cubic metre of red cedar?

28. What is the smallest positive integer which is divisible by 30 and 28. 1110
in whose decimal representation no digits occur other than 0 or 1?
√
29. The area of an equilateral triangle is 9 3 cm2 . What is the 29. 6 (cm)
number of cm in a side of the triangle?

30. Alicia has 1 five-dollar bill and 5 twenty-dollar bills. How many 30. 11 (sums)
different sums of money can she make using 1 or more of these bills?

31. What is the sum of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of the 31. 18
point where the line y = 2x meets the line y = 7x − 30?

32. Define the function f (x, y, z) by 32. 1

xy + yz + zx
f (x, y, z) = 2 .
x + y2 + z2
What is the value of f (7, 7, 7)?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2009 Canadian Math Challengers Provincial Questions

Blitz, Page 1
1
2
+ 34 + 5
6
1. Simplify: 5 1.
12

2. Approximately how many seconds are there in two-sevenths of a 2. seconds

minute? Round your answer to the nearest second.

3. Alphonse has equal numbers of nickels, dimes, quarters, and loonies. 3. dollars
If the total value of these coins is less than $20.00, what is the maxi-
mum possible total value of these coins? Give the answer in dollars,
to the nearest cent.

4. Three friends (call them A, B, and C) go to a movie theatre. There 4. ways

are 5 consecutive empty seats in the front row. All other seats are
occupied. How many ways are there to seat the friends, if they need
to occupy consecutive seats? Two ways are shown in the picture
below.
B C A A C B

5. A rectangle has area 1000 units2 . A new rectangle is constructed by 5. units2

increasing the length of the original rectangle by 10%, and decreasing
the width by 10%. What is the area of the new rectangle?

6. What is the value of 25 − 24 + 23 − 22 + 21 − 1? 6.

7. A cubical die has its faces labelled with the numbers 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 7.

and 11 instead of the usual 1 to 6. If two such dice are tossed, what
is the probability that the sum of the numbers on the two “up” faces
is 6? Express your answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Blitz, Page 2
8. Let a0 = 0, and for any n ≥ 1, let an = n2 − an−1 . What is the value 8.
of a3 ?

√
9. What is the integer closest to 2009 ? 9.

10. What is the smallest positive integer n such that 100 divides n! ? 10.

11. Suppose that x and y are positive integers such that 400x+9y = 2009. 11.
What is the largest possible value of y?

12. A box of 6 doughnuts costs $3, and a box of 13 doughnuts costs $6. 12. dollars
What is the least number of dollars Alphonse needs to spend in order
to buy exactly 175 doughnuts?

13. After playing 20 games into the season, the Burnaby Bruisers had 13. games
won 6 games and lost 14. After playing these 20 games, they fired
the water boy. Over the rest of the season the Bruisers lost only 7
games and won the rest. Over the entire season, they won exactly
two-thirds of the games they played. How many games did they play
during the entire season?

14. The figure below is a half-circle with centre O. Given that P A = 13 14. units
and AQ = 3, what is the length of OC? Express your answer as a
common fraction. B

P O A Q
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Blitz, Page 3
15. The mean and the median of a collection of 5 different positive inte- 15.
gers are both equal to 20. What is the largest possible integer in the
collection?

16. The rectangle ABCD is divided into 10 squares as in the picture 16. units
below. If the side of one of the smallest squares (say the one at the
corner D) is 3 units, how many units are in the base AB?
D C

A B
17. Squares are erected on the two legs of a right-angled triangle. These 17. units2
squares have areas 36 and 132 as shown. A semicircle (shaded) is
drawn with the hypotenuse as diameter. What is the area of the
semicircle? Give your answer in terms of π.
132

36

18. If |x| + |2x + 3| ≤ 60, what is the largest possible value of |x| ? 18.

19. In quadrilateral ABCD, AB = AC = BD, and BC = CD = DA. 19. degrees

What is the degree measure of ∠ABC?
B A

C D
20. We are given 5 points, which have coordinates (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0), 20. ways
(0, 1), and (0, 2). How many ways are there to choose 3 of these
points so that the 3 chosen points are the vertices of a triangle?
Note that for example choosing (2, 0), (0, 1), and (0, 2) is the same
as choosing (0, 1), (2, 0), and (0, 2).
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Blitz, Page 4
21. A large bottle contains 4 litres of a solution which is 5% acetic acid 21. litres
(and the rest water). How much of a solution which is 20% acetic
acid should we add to the bottle to obtain a solution which is 7%
acetic acid? Give your answer as a common fraction, in litres.

22. What is the area of the triangular region enclosed by the 3 lines that 22. units2
have equations x − y = 0, x + y = 2, and x = 10?

23. Let N = 48 × 59 . How many digits are there in the decimal represen- 23. digits
tation of N ?

24. The rectangle on the left represents a 4×3 sheet of stamps, 12 stamps 24. ways
altogether. How many different ways are there to choose a set of 3
stamps which are connected ? Connection must be through shared
edges: a shared vertex is not good enough. The three pictures on the
right show three different ways of doing the job.

25. Five (5) cards with the number 1 written on them, and four (4) 25.
cards with the number 2 written on them, are placed in a box. You
randomly select 3 of these 9 cards. What is the probability that the
sum of the numbers written on the 3 selected cards is odd? Express
your answer as a common fraction.

26. The vertices of a trapezoid are (0, 0), (10, 0), (10 + m, 4), and (0, 4). 26.
The line y = x/m divides the trapezoid into two polygons of equal
area. What is the value of m? Express the answer as a common
fraction.

(0, 0)
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. A store sells only bicycles (2 wheels each) and tricycles (3 wheels 1. tricycles
each). The store has exactly as many bicycles as tricycles. Given
that the bicyles and tricycles in the store have a combined total of
330 wheels, how many tricycles are in the store?

2. SellHighTM bought apples from a farmer, at 12 apples for $1. SellHigh 2. dollars
then sold all the apples in its Vancouver store at 2 apples for $1.
SellHigh’s total profit on the apples was $3000. How many dollars
did SellHigh pay the farmer for the apples?

3. A box-shaped pool is 25 metres long, 12 metres wide, uniformly 1 3. minutes

metre deep, and full of water. Water is leaking from the pool at 1000
cubic centimetres per minute. How many minutes will it take for the
water level in the pool to go down by 1 centimetre?

4. There are two candles, one short and thick, the other tall and thin. 4. minutes
They burn at different rates. The short thick candle can burn for 120
minutes. Both candles were lit at the same time, and after 30 minutes
they were both the same height. After 30 additional minutes, the
(originally) tall candle was half the height of the (originally) short
candle. What is the total expected burn time, in minutes, of the
(originally) tall candle?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Combinatorics and Numbers

5. What is the sum of all the positive integers that divide 60? (Note 5.
that 1 and 60 divide 60.)

6. Four people (A, B, C, and D) line up in a row at random. What is 6.

the probability that A and B are next to each other but C and D are
not next to each other? Express your answer as a common fraction.

7. The sum of four different positive integers is equal to 300. If S is the 7.

smallest of the four positive integers, and B is the biggest, what is
the smallest possible value of S + B?

8. Twenty (20) people come to a party. We know that 11 of the people 8. handshakes
are friends with everyone else who came to the party. Also, the other
9 people each have exactly 13 friends at the party. (Assume that if A
is a friend of B, then B is a friend of A. Assume also that A is never
a friend of A.)
Each person shakes hands with each of his/her friends. What is total
number of handshakes?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry

9. How many lines of symmetry does a regular hexagon have? 9. lines

10. In the diagram below, AX = 10, XB = 5, AY = 4, and Y C = 8. 10.

What is the ratio of the area of △AXY to the area of △ABC?
Express your answer as a common fraction. C
8
Y
4
A 10 X 5 B

11. The slant height of a cone is 41, and the ordinary height (distance 11.
from the vertex to the centre of the base) is 40. If the volume of the
cone is N π, what is the value of N ?

12. A ball of ice of radius 5 cm is placed in a tall empty cylindrical 12. cm

glass with the same radius. When the ice melts, every 11 cm3 of ice
turns into 10 cm3 of liquid. When all the ice has melted, what is the
height, in cm, of liquid in the glass? Express the answer as a common
fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.

Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. Let N be the smallest positive integer such that each of N and N + 1 1.

has exactly 4 positive divisors. What is the value of N ?

2. Let a be the number of divisors of 6!, and let b be the number of 2.

a
divisors of 7!. What is the value of ? Express your answer as a
b
common fraction.

3. A cube is inscribed in a sphere of radius 3 cm. (So the cube is inside 3. cm2
the sphere, and the all the corners of the cube touch the boundary
of the sphere.) What is the surface area of the cube?

4. The black circles labelled A, B, C, D, and E represent cities, and the 4.

straight lines are highways between them. We want to travel from
city to city in such a way that we travel on every road exactly once.
(We may go through a city more than once.) It turns out that every
path that works begins in a certain city X, and ends in a certain city
Y, or vice-versa. What are these two cities? For example, if the path
must begin at C and end at D, or vice-versa, your answer should be
CD (or if you like, DC). C

A
B D

E
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.

Answers on a white page will not be graded.

√
3
√
4
5. What is the largest integer which is less than 4100 × 4100? 5.

6. Triangle ABC has AB = 9, AC = 8, and BC = 4. Line segment AC 6. units

is extended to D in such a way that ∠CBD = ∠CAB. What is the
length of the line segment CD? Express your answer as a common
fraction.
D
C
8
4 θ
θ
A B
9

7. The lines in the diagram below represent the streets of a village. How 7. ways
many ways are there to drive from A to B, using village streets, if one
is not allowed to travel along any block (segment) more than once?
(One can pass through an intersection more than once.)
B

A
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.

Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. For any positive integer n, let S(n) be the sum of the (decimal) digits 8. numbers
of n. For example, S(8) = 8 and S(47) = 11. How many two-digit
numbers n are there such that S(S(n)) = 5?

9. Consider the angle between the hour hand and the minute hand of 9. hours
a watch. There are times when the angle between these hands is
exactly 180 degrees (example: 6:00 o’clock). Find the sum of all
these times, in the period from 1:00 pm to 4:00 pm the same day.
Give the answer as a common fraction, in hours.

10. A class of 12 students is currently divided into 4 working groups of 3 10. ways
students each, namely {A,B,C}, {D,E,F}, {G,H,I}, and {J,K,L}.
Suppose that you want to regroup these 12 students into 4 groups of
3 students each, so that no 2 students who are currently in the same
group will end up in the same group. In how many ways can this
be done? An example of a valid way is {A,E,H}, {B,F,J}, {C,G,K},
and {D,I,L}. An example of an invalid way of regrouping is {A,E,F},
{B,G,J}, {C,H,K}, and {D,I,L}, because E and F are currently in
the same group, so must end up in different groups.
Canadian Math Challengers Society Provincial 2009 Face-off Questions
Actually Used

2−2 + 5−2
1. Simplify: 1. 29
10−2

5
2. The rectangle below has perimeter 3 cm, and is divided into 5 2. (cm2 )
congruent squares. What is the number of cm2 in the area of the 16
rectangle? Express your answer as a common fraction.

3. Suppose that n2 − 4 = 50(n − 2) and n is not equal to 2. What is 3. 48 (cm2 )

the value of n?

16.8
4. Simplify: 4. 1200
0.014

5. Alicia walked 1000 metres in 12 minutes. At this rate, how many 5. 2250 (metres)
metres can Alicia walk in 27 minutes ?

6. We have 7 ScrabbleTM tiles. They have the letters B, U, R, N, 6. 31 (words)

A, B, and Y written on them, one letter per tile. How many 2-letter
“words” can be formed using 2 of these tiles? For our purposes a
word is any string of 2 letters—it does not have to be a word of
English.

7. If f (x) = x2 − 6x, what is the value of f (f (1))? 7. 55

8. In the first quarter of the football game, Alphonse punted the ball 8. 32 (yards)
3 times. The average length of his 3 punts was 35 yards. His longest
punt was 41 yards. What was the average length, in yards, of his
other 2 punts?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
1 7 1
9. Given that = , what is the value of ? 9. 7
2x + 1 15 2x − 1

10. What is the sum of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of the 10. 18
point where the line y = 2x meets the line y = 7x − 30?

11. The sum of 4 consecutive integers is 182. What is the largest of 11. 47
the 4 integers?

12. Alphonse wrote a 50 question true/false test. He never answered 12. 42 (questions)
more than 5 questions in a row correctly. What is the largest number
of questions he could have answered correctly?

13. A 3 × 3 × 3 cube has been assembled using twenty-seven 1 × 1 × 1 13. 60 (units2 )

cubes. Then the three 1 × 1 × 1 cubes shaded in the diagram are
removed. What is the surface area of the remaining solid?

14. What is the sum of the roots of the equation (x − 12)2 = 100? 14. 24

15. A survey of 500 students showed that 300 have an MP3 player, 15. 150 (students)
250 have a cell phone, and 200 have both. How many of the students
have neither an MP3 player nor a cell phone?

4
16. What non-zero value of x satisfies the equation (3x)3 = (2x)2 ? 16.
Express the answer as a common fraction. 27
Canadian Math Challengers Society
17. Alicia is driving at 100 km per hour. At this speed, her SUV uses 17. 35 (minutes)
12 litres of gas for every 100 km driven. Alicia’s gas tank contains 7
litres of gas now. For how many minutes can she drive before running
out of gas?

18. Organic potatoes come in 2 kg bags and in 3 kg bags. A 2 kg 18. 99 (cents)

bag costs $2.99, and a 3 kg bag costs $3.99. Alphonse wants to buy
6 kg of organic potatoes. How much money will he save by buying
them in 3 kg bags over buying them in 2 kg bags? Give your answer
in cents.

19. Two adjacent vertices of a square have coordinates (7, 1) and 19. 178 (units2 )
(4, 14). What is the number of units2 in the area of the square?

20. Alphonse bought 10, 000 shares of SureThing Gold for 50 cents 20. 1500 (dollars)
a share. Later, he sold one-half of these shares for 65 cents a share.
Then SureThing crashed, and Alphonse sold his remaining shares for
5 cents a share. How many dollars did lose on SureThing Gold?

21. What is the largest integer that is less than 2009 and is a multiple 21. 1980
of 45?

22. Ninety-nine (99) people are arranged in 3 rows. If the back row 22. 26 (people)
has 7 more people than the middle row, and the middle row has 7
more people than the front row, how many people are in the front
row?

23. A certain number N of people were interviewed about their 23. 450
knowledge of eminent Americans. Of the N people interviewed, 400
had heard of Britney Spears, 300 had heard of Snoop Dogg, and 50
had heard of neither. What is the smallest possible value of N ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
24. The outer circle has area 72 cm2 . The inner small circles are 24. 40 (cm2 )
congruent to each other, and their centres lie along two perpendicular
diameters of the outer circle. Circles that appear tangent to each
other are tangent to each other. What is the number of cm2 in the
shaded region?

25. General admission tickets at a high school play were $10 each, 25. 400 (tickets)
and student tickets were $5 each. Equal numbers of general admission
and student tickets were sold. Revenue from ticket sales was $3000.
What was the total number of tickets sold?

26. The point M is halfway between the points with coordinates 26. 10
(1, 2) and (8, 9). What is the sum of the x-coordinate and the y-
coordinate of M ?

27. A 10 cent coin (dime) weighs 1.75 grams. What is the value, in 27. 200 (dollars)
dollars, of 3.5 kilograms of dimes?

28. What is the smallest prime number that is one less than a mul- 28. 103
tiple of 13 ?

29. What is the sum of all the positive factors of 81 ? 29. 121
Canadian Math Challengers Society
30. Suppose that you put numbers in the three empty boxes below, 30. 68
one number in each, so that the numbers in any three consecutive
boxes add up to 200. (Note that two boxes already contain a num-
ber.) What number goes into the leftmost box?

44 88

8!
31. Evaluate 31. 56
5!3!

32. Alicia and Beti walk side by side at the same speed. Alicia 32. 144 (steps)
averages 120 steps per minute and each of her steps is 90 cm long.
Beti’s steps are 75 cm long. How many steps does Beti average per
minute?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2009

Answers, Blitz Stage

7
1. 8. 14 15. 4π 21. 13
8
33
2. 9 9. 16. 61 22. 11
34
2
3. 1.25 10. 18 17. 23. 48
7

4. 108 11. 4200 18. 25 24. 19

13
5. 112 12. 7 19. 2.16 25.
6

6. 12 13. 72 20. 7 26. 37

7. 22 14. 5
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2009

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

5
1. 38 5. 9. 71
9
1
2. 18 6. 10. 24
15
25
3. 147 7. 392 11.
18

4. 88 8. 99 12. 525
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2009

Answers, Co-op Stage

51
1. 5. 16 8. 142
101
6
2. 14 6. 23500 9.
7
√ √ 1
3. 2 − 1 or −1 + 2 7. 10. 12
7

4. 54
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2009

Answers, Blitz Stage

8
1. 5 8. 6 15. 56 21.
13

2. 17 9. 45 16. 25 22. 81

3. 19.60 10. 10 17. 21π 23. 12

4. 18 11. 1 18. 21 24. 34

10
5. 990 12. 81 19. 72 25.
21
20
6. 21 13. 63 20. 8 26.
7
1 25
7. 14.
12 8
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2009

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 66 5. 168 9. 6
1 2
2. 600 6. 10.
6 9

3. 3000 7. 102 11. 1080

200
4. 75 8. 163 12.
33
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2009

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 14 5. 128 8. 10
1 90
2. 6. 9 9.
2 11
128
3. 72 7. 10. 1296
65

4. AC (or CA)
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 1
2010 Canadian Math Challengers Regional Questions

1. Evaluate 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 11 + 12 + 13. 1.

2. The perimeter of a rectangle is 40 cm. One side of the rectangle is 2. cm 2

7 cm. What is the area of the rectangle?

3. Joshua answered 22 of the 55 Math Challengers practice questions 3. percent

correctly. How many percent of the practice questions did Joshua
answer correctly?

4. Three teams participated in a hockey tournament, and every team 4. games

played every other team twice. How many games were played in the
tournament?

5. The mean and the median of 5 different positive integers are both 5.
equal to 3. What is the largest of the 5 integers?

6. In the diagram below, ABCD is a parallelogram, and the diagonals 6. degrees

AC and BD meet at E . Given that angle BAC is 20 degrees, and
angle CDB is 50 degrees, how many degrees are in angle AEB?
D C
50◦
E
A 20◦
B

1 × 4 × 9 × 16 × 25
7. Evaluate . 7.
(1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5)(1 × 3 × 5)
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. Call a prime p lonely if neither p − 2 nor p + 2 is prime. What is the 8.
smallest lonely odd prime?

9. Twenty percent of a certain positive number x multiplied by 40% of 9.

the same number is equal to 18. What is the value of x?

10. You are told that a box contains a total of 6 coins, including at least 10. cents
one penny, at least one nickel, and at least one dime. Given this
information, what is the smallest conceivable sum of money you can
make using exactly 5 of these coins?

11. It took 25 minutes to drive from Alicia’s home to the math contest 11. km/hr
at SFU. If the distance travelled was 20 km, what was the average
speed of the drive in km/hr?

12. Two standard dice are tossed. What sum has the highest probability? 12.

23
13. Evaluate −2 . 13.
3

14. What is the

√ perimeter of an equilateral triangle whose heights are all 14. units
equal to 3 units?

√
3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. The hospital where Alicia works was privatized. The number of hours 15. percent
Alicia works per week went up by 20%, and her total weekly earnings
went down by 13%. By how many percent did Alicia’s hourly wage
decrease? Give the answer as a decimal, to the nearest tenth of a
percent. (An answer like 19.2 percent is of the right shape.)

√ √ √ √
16. Let x = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4. What is the integer nearest to x? 16.

17. The interior of cooking pot A is a cylinder with base radius 8 cm and 17. cm
height 10 cm. The interior of cooking pot B is a cylinder with base
radius 16 cm and height 40 cm. Pot A is filled with water and the
contents are poured into pot B. After this has been done twice, how
many cm deep is the water in pot B?

18. Two cubical dice each have the numbers 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 written 18.
on their faces, one number on each face. The two dice are rolled.
What is the probability that the sum of the numbers on top of the
two dice is odd? Write the answer as a common fraction.

19. In the picture below, △ABC is right-angled at C . The leg CA has 19. cm 2
length 22 cm, and the leg CB has length 10 cm. Point P inside the
triangle is at distance 5 cm from each of CA and CB. What is the
area of △P AB? B

P
C A

20. Let N = 2 × 4 × 6 × 8 × · · · × 48 × 50. How many consecutive zeros 20. zeros

does the decimal representation of N end with?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. A box contains 88 balls, with the numbers 1 to 88 written on them, 21. balls
one number per ball. How many balls must you remove from the box
to be certain that among the numbers removed, there are at least
two whose difference is divisible by 8?

22. An 800 metre long train travelling forward at 20 metres per second 22. metres
went through a tunnel. The front of the train emerged from the
tunnel 50 seconds after the rear of the train entered the tunnel. What
is the length of the tunnel in metres?

23. Twenty percent of the people who like chocolate like hot pepper. 23.
Ninety percent of the people who like hot pepper like chocolate. All
people like one or the other or both. What fraction of the people like
both?

24. For how many positive integer values of n is 3n − 1 a factor of 22010 ? 24. values

25. The lines in the picture below show the streets of a village. (Note 25. paths
the diagonal street.) A path from A to B is efficient if as you travel
it you get ever closer to B. How many efficient paths are there from
A to B? B

26. A desert outpost has its water supply stored in a cistern. Each person 26. days
at the outpost uses water at the same constant rate. In addition,
water evaporates from the cistern at a constant rate. There is enough
water in the cistern to supply 40 people for 45 days, or 50 people for
40 days. For how many days can the cistern supply 60 people?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. A car travels 6.5 kilometres in 5 minutes. At this speed, how many 1. km

km does it travel in an hour?

2. A carton of apple juice costs 60 cents. A carton of mango juice costs 2. ways
1 dollar. How many different ways can Alicia spend a total of exactly
$34.60 on cartons of apple juice and/or mango juice?

3. A restaurant bought 1800 dollars’ worth of wine at $9 a bottle and 3. dollars

1800 dollars’ worth of wine at $15 a bottle. What was the restaurant’s
average cost per bottle? Give the answer in dollars, as a decimal, to
the nearest cent. (An answer of 12.34 is of the right shape.)

4. Assume that weights of coins are as follows: 1 cent coin (penny), 3 4. dollars
grams; 5 cent coin (nickel), 5 grams; 10 cent coin (dime) 2 grams;
25 cent coin (quarter), 9 grams; 1 dollar coin (loonie), 13 grams;
2 dollar coin (toonie), 17 grams. Dan holds at least one of each of
the above coins, with a total weight of exactly 220 grams. What is
the maximum possible total value of his coins? Give the answer in
dollars, to the nearest cent.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. Four fair coins are tossed. What is the probability that there are 5.
exactly 2 heads? Express the answer as a common fraction.

6. Alicia wrote down all the numbers from 40 to 600. How many times 6. times
did she write the digit 5?

7. Two standard dice are rolled, a white one and a black one. Let W 7.
be the number showing on the white one and B the number showing
on the black one. What is the probability that W < 2B? Express
the answer as a common fraction.

8. What is the remainder when 8.

14 + 34 + 54 + 74 + 94 + 114 + 134 + 154 + 174 + 194

is divided by 10?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. The volume of a cone is 484π cubic cm, and the height of the cone is 9. cm
12 cm. What is the radius (in cm) of the base of the cone?

10. The radius of the base of a cylinder is increased by 50% and the 10. percent
height is decreased by 50%. By how many percent does the volume
of the cylinder increase? Give the answer as a decimal to the nearest
tenth.

11. A poster is 40 cm wide. There are two pictures on the poster. Each 11. cm
picture is 24 cm wide and 20 cm high. Together the pictures take up
four-ninths of the area of the poster. What is the height (in cm) of
the poster?

12. In older TVs, the ratio of screen width to screen height is 4:3. In 12. inch
newer flat-screen TVs, the ratio of screen width to screen height is
16:9. Both pictures below show a 32-inch 4:3 screen TV. (Here 32-
inch means that the diagonal measures 32 inches.)
A newer TV show has been shot for 16:9 TVs. When it is viewed
on a 4:3 TV, equal grey bands are produced at the top and bottom,
so that the rest of the picture is in the correct 16:9 ratio. What is
the vertical height in inches of one of these grey bands? Express the
answer as a decimal, to the nearest tenth of an inch.

32
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

x
1. Let x ∗ y = for x 6= −y. If x ∗ y = 9, what is the value of y ∗ x? 1.
x+y

2. How many integers between 0 and 999 are there that are divisible by 2. integers
6 and whose rightmost decimal digit is equal to 6?

3. One corner of a square is at the origin (0, 0). The diagonally opposite 3.
corner is at (1, 11). What is the area of the square?

4. The Factoria TM balance scale comes with one 1 gram weight, two 2 4. weights
gram weights, three 6 gram weights, four 24 gram weights, five 120
gram weights, and six 720 gram weights. What is the total number
of weights one must put in one pan of the scale so as to to balance a
2 kilogram bag of flour in the other pan?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. The trapezoid ABCD has AB parallel to DC and BC = AD. Given 5.

that AC = 14 and ∠CAB = 45◦ , what is the area of trapezoid
ABCD?
D C

A 45
◦
B

6. What is the least positive integer n such that n is a multiple of 6 and 6.

neither n − 1 nor n + 1 is prime?

7. Four runners compete in a 100 meter race. How many possible orders 7. orders
of finish are there, if ties are allowed? For example, Alicia might win,
with Beth, Cecil, and Deedee in a three-way tie for second. Or else
Alicia and Cecil could tie for first, with Beth and Deedee tied for
third. Or else Beth and Cecil could tie for first, with Alicia and
Deedee tied for third. Or else there could be a four-way tie. There
are other possibilities, including many with no tie at all.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. There were 9 candidates for the 5 town council positions, and each 8. votes
of the 1000 voters voted for 5 people. Each candidate got a different
total number of votes, and Epsilon came in fifth. What is the smallest
number of votes that Epsilon could have received?

9. Alan is at the origin O and starts walking. He walks 1 unit up, 1 unit 9.
to the left, 2 units down, 2 units to the right, 3 units up, 3 units to
the left—he is now at the point with coordinates (−2, 2) after walking
a total of 12 units. Then he walks 4 units down, 4 units to the right,
5 units up, and so on. Let the coordinates of the point where he ends
up after walking a total of 444 units be (a, b). What is the value of
a + b?

10. A 5-letter “word” that uses all the letters of the word RAINY is 10. words
called deranged if none of the letters occurs in the same position as
in RAINY. Thus IRAYN is deranged, while YANRI is not deranged
(since A occurs in the same position as in RAINY). Note also that
ARINY and RAINY are not deranged. How many deranged words
are there?
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Regional 2010 Face-off

First 40 Questions and Answers

1. What is 150% of 2010? 1. 3015

44
2. What is the value of 2 ? 2. 4
8

3. What is the largest prime that divides 5! + 1? 3. 11

4. What is the smallest positive integer which is simultaneously a 4. 300

multiple of 20, 25, and 30?

5. If 6x + 10 = 101, what is the value of 12x + 10? 5. 192

35 − 33
6. What is the value of ? 6. 27
23

7. An accurate 12-hour clock shows that it is exactly 12:00. What 7. 12:10

time shows on the clock 600 seconds later? Express your answer in
the usual hours:minutes format.

8. Evaluate 15% of the reciprocal of 0.005. 8. 30

9. In the picture below, the smaller square has side 7 and the larger 9. 60
square has side 15. What is the area of △ABC?
B C
A

1
Canadian Math Challengers Society

10. How many integers between 1 and 100 are divisible by 6? 10. 16

11. How many ordered pairs (a, b) are there such that a and b are 11. 5
integers (not necessarily positive) and |a| + |b| ≤ 1?

12. Alicia sold her condo for 20% more than she paid for it, and 12. 540, 000 (dollars)
made a gross profit of $90, 000. For how many dollars did she sell her
condo?

13. How many four-letter “words” are there which use only the letters 13. 8
A and/or B, and in which there are no consecutive occurrences of B?
(For example, AAAA and ABAB qualify, but ABBA does not.)

14. There is an integer N such that N 3 = 6859. What is the value 14. 19
of N ?

3
15. The points M and N are the midpoints of two adjacent sides of 15.
8
a 1 × 1 square. What is the area of the shaded triangle? Give the
answer as a common fraction.
N

M
A

16. Evaluate (6 × 12 × 24)1/3 . 16. 12

   
1 1 1 20
17. Express 1 − + − as a common fraction. 17.
3 9 27 27

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society

18. On Monday, 8 of the 10 students in the math class took a test. 18. 67
Their mean score was 60. On Tuesday, the remaining 2 students took
the test. Their mean score was 95 (they had seen the questions).
What was the mean class score on the test?

19. Three standard dice are tossed. What is the probability that the 19. 0
sum is less than 3?

20. A lidless 3 × 3 × 3 box is completely filled with 1 × 1 × 1 cubes. 20. 25

How many of the 1 × 1 × 1 cubes touch a side or the bottom of the
box?

21. What is the measure, in degrees, of the acute angle between the 21. 75 (degrees)
hour hand and the minute hand of a clock at 3:30?

22. The sum of 5 consecutive odd numbers is 55. What is the largest 22. 15
of the 5 numbers?

1
23. The surface area of a cube is 3/2 square metres. What is the 23. (square metres)
8
volume of the cube, in cubic metres? Express the answer as a common
fraction.

(4!)(6!)
24. What is the value of ? 24. 144
5!

25. In △ABC, the angle at A is 84◦ . The bisectors of the angles 25. 132 (degrees)
at B and C meet at P . How many degrees are in the measure of
∠BP C?
A
84◦
P
?
B C

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society

26. A list of 10 numbers has a mean of 50. One number is added 26. 39
to the list, and the mean of the new list of 11 numbers is 49. What
number was added to the list?

27. The 8 points below represent the vertices of a regular octagon. 27. 16
These vertices are alternately painted red and blue. How many lines
are there that contain a red point and a blue point?

2−3 + 3−3
28. Simplify . 28. 35
6−3

1 1 1
29. Suppose that + = . If y = 10 and z = 8, what is the value 29. 40
x y z
of x?

30. What is the value of 20102 − 20092 ? 30. 4019

31. Suppose that a and b are integers and 2a − 2b = 16. What is the 31. 9
value of a + b?

32. A line passes through the points (−1, 2), (2, −1), and (x, −5). 32. 6
What is the value of x?

4
Canadian Math Challengers Society

33. A penny is placed on one of the squares of the 6×6 “chessboard” 5

33.
below, and then a dime is placed on a randomly chosen square differ- 7
ent from the square occupied by the penny. What is the probability
that the dime is neither in the same row nor in the same column as
the penny? Express your answer as a common fraction.

34. Simplify: 34. 16

10 10 10 10 1/3
(2 + 2 + 2 + 2 )

35. How many positive integers between 1 and 30 (inclusive) are 35. 14
divisible by 3 or by 5 or by both?

36. Alfie wrote four tests, each out of 100. His average over the four 36. 71
tests is 76. His average on the last two tests is 10 more than his
average on the first two tests. What is his average on the first two
tests?

√ √
8− 2 1
37. Express √ √ as a common fraction. 37.
8+ 2 3

38. Alicia has 5 dollars less than Beti, and Cecille has as much money 38. 65 (dollars)
as Alicia and Beti have between them. Altogether, the three people
have a total of 270 dollars. How many dollars does Alicia have?

39. Evaluate (1 × 1!) + (2 × 2!) + (3 × 3!) + (4 × 4!). 39. 119

40. Suppose that f (n+2) = f (n)+f (n+1) for every positive integer 40. 47
n. Given that f (1) = 1 and f (3) = 48, what is the value of f (2)?

5
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2010 Canadian Math Challengers Provincial Questions
Blitz, Page 1

1. The sides of a cube are increased by 100%. By how many percent 1. percent
does the volume of the cube increase?

2. How many primes are there between 90 and 100? 2.

3. Approximately how many metres are there in 1/11 of a kilometre? 3. metres

Round your answer to the nearest metre.

4. What is 40% of the number which is 25% greater than 144? 4.

5. What is the smallest integer that is bigger than the reciprocal of 5.

0.032?

6. What is the smallest sum of money (in cents) that you cannot pay 6. cents
using five or fewer standard Canadian coins?

7. Find the sum, in degrees, of the internal angles of a convex heptagon 7. degrees
(a convex 7-sided polygon).
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
1 2 3
8. Express + + as a common fraction. 8.
4 5 6

9. Alana’s necklace broke. She found one-third of the beads on the 9. beads
floor and one-quarter on the couch. One-sixth of the beads remained
strung on the necklace. The rest of the beads (15 beads) were never
found. How many beads were originally on the necklace?

10. A 385 ml can of orange juice concentrate was mixed in a jug with 10. percent
four 385 ml cans of water. Alan drank 385 ml of the mixture, and
replaced it with 385 ml of water. After that, how many percent of
the contents of the jug were orange juice concentrate?

n
11. What is the number of integer solutions of −5 < < 5? 11.
3

12. A trucker stopped for diesel when her tank was one-eighth full. She 12. dollars
bought 80 litres of diesel for $90. She then noticed that her tank
was only three-quarters full, so she returned to the station and filled
the tank completely. How many dollars did she pay for that last
one-quarter of a tank?

13. Alex has three boxes of marbles. In the first box, 30% of the marbles 13. percent
are blue. There are twice as many marbles in the second box as in
the first box, and 25% are blue. There are twice as many marbles in
the third box as in the second box, and 20% are blue. If Alex loses
the third box, how many percent of his blue marbles does he lose?

14. Three standard dice are tossed. How many different possible sums 14. sums
are there?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. Suppose that 15.

(x + 1) + (x + 2) + (x + 3) + · · · + (x + 99) + (x + 100) = 12000.

What is the value of

(x + 101) + (x + 102) + (x + 103) + · · · + (x + 199) + (x + 200)?

16. For any real number x, let ⌊x⌋ be the greatest integer which is less 16.
than or equal to x. For example, ⌊3.65⌋ = ⌊3⌋ = 3. What is the
value of
√
3
√3
√3
√3
√3
⌊ 1⌋ + ⌊ 2⌋ + ⌊ 3⌋ + · · · + ⌊ 25⌋ + ⌊ 26⌋?

17. A car and a truck got on the freeway at the same place and time. 17. km/hr
After they had gone for 40 minutes in the same direction, the car
was 6 kilometres ahead of the truck. The car’s average speed was
100 km/hr. What was the truck’s average speed, in km/hr?

18. What is the area of the square inscribed in a semicircle of radius 1? 18.
Express the answer as a common fraction.

19. Alphonse owes Beth 20 cents. In how many different ways can he pay 19. ways
the debt using pennies and/or nickels and/or dimes? Note that for
example 5 pennies, 1 nickel, and 1 dime is the same way as 1 dime,
5 pennies, and 1 nickel.

20. What is the sum of the first 2010 terms of the sequence 20.

0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, . . .?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. A sequence a, b, c, d, e of five numbers has the following properties: 21.
(i) a = 1; (ii) e = 98; (iii) every number after the second is the sum
of the previous two numbers. What is the value of b?

22. What is the smallest positive integer N such that the first four digits 22.
of N are 2, 0, 1, 0 (in that order) and such that N is divisible by
45? (Your answer should look like 2010 . . . .)

23. Two integers are relatively prime if 1 is the largest integer that divides 23.
both of them. For example, 21 and 47 are relatively prime. Alan and
Beth each pick independently and at random an integer from 1 to 6
(inclusive). What is the probability that the numbers they pick are
relatively prime? Express the answer as a common fraction.

24. How many squares of all sizes are on a standard 8 × 8 chessboard? 24. squares

25. In the picture below, △ABC is right-angled at A, P lies on AB, Q 25.

lies on BC , R lies on CA, and AP QR is a square. The length of AB
is 24 and the length of AC is 5. What is the length of AP ? Write
the answer as a common fraction.
C Q
R

A P B

26. You play the “Lucky 4” game as follows. You roll a fair standard die 26.
and receive in pennies the number you rolled. You keep doing this
until either you have accumulated exactly 4 pennies, in which case
you win, and the game is over, or your last roll pushes you over 4
pennies, in which case you lose. What is the probability that you
win? Express the answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Some students went on a school ski trip by car, 3 per car, and the 1. students
rest went by van, 5 per van. In total, 140 students went, using 40
vehicles. How many students went by car?

2. When Beth goes from her home up to Mount Baker, her car uses on 2. km
average 13 litres of gas for every 100 kilometres. On the way back
from Mount Baker (using the same route), her car averages 11 litres
of gas for every 100 km. The round trip uses 33 litres of gas. How
many km in total are there in the round trip?

3. Alfred wrote eight math tests, each graded out of 100. His average 3. marks
after six tests wasn’t very good, but his seventh test raised his average
by 2 marks, and his eighth test raised his average by another 2 marks.
How many more marks did he get on the eighth test than on the
seventh?

4. The average of nine positive integers is 18. The integers are not 4.
necessarily all different. What is the largest possible value of the
median of the nine integers?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. Alice picks an integer from 1 to 10 (inclusive) at random and Bob 5.
picks an integer from 11 to 20 (inclusive) at random. What is the
probability that the product of Alice’s number and Bob’s number is
a multiple of 3? Express the answer as a common fraction.

6. What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two 6.
unequal primes in two different ways? Note that for example 5 = 2+3
and 5 = 3 + 2 should not be regarded as different ways.

7. What is the remainder when 8! is divided by 256? 7.

8. Let a = 888888 and let b = 999999. What is the sum of the (decimal) 8.
digits of a × b?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. A semicircle has the same area as a circle of radius 1. What is the 9.
radius of the semicircle? Express the answer in simplest radical form.

10. What is the volume, in cm 3 , of a right circular cone of height 8 cm 10. cm 3

6
whose base is a circle of radius √ ?
π

11. The diagram shows a circle, and two tangent lines P A and P B. The 11. degrees
points A, B, and Q are on the circle, and Q is on the line segment
that joins the centre O of the circle to P . Suppose that the measure
of ∠AP B is 34◦ . What is the degree measure of ∠AQB?
A

O P
Q

12. Consider all ordered pairs (A, B), where A and B are distinct vertices 12. units
of a regular hexagon whose edges have length 5. What is the average
value of the distance between A and B? Express the answer in
simplest radical form.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. The volume of a cylinder is 144π cubic inches. The radius of the base 1. cylinders
of the cylinder is a whole number of inches. The height of the cylinder
is a whole number of inches. How many different such cylinders are
there?

2. A, B, C, and D are running a marathon along a straight road. As 2. km

usual, A is in front, B is next, C is behind B, and D is behind C. At
this instant, A is 1 km ahead of C, B is 4 times as far from A as she
is from C, and D is also 4 times as far from A as she is from C. What
is the distance, in km, between B and D? Express the answer as a
common fraction.
D C B A

3. What is the value of 9515 × 1595 − 9595 × 1515? 3.

4. What is the number of “digits” used when 5040 is written in base 2 4. “digits”
(binary) notation? (For example, when 4 is written in base 2, the
number of “digits” is 3.)
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. The 8 points below are the vertices of a regular octagon. How many 5.
right-angled triangles are there whose 3 vertices are chosen from these
8 points?

6. In the “Prime Challenger” competition, there are 10 questions. Each 6.

team gets an automatic n2 points on the n-th question, whether or
not the team answers the question correctly. Thus on Question 1, it
gets an automatic 1 point, on Question 2 an automatic 4 points, and
so on. In addition, each team gets 1 point for every correct answer.
What is the highest prime score that a team can get?

7. In the picture, ABC is a triangle, and R is a point on the line segment 7. units
AB. The point P is on BC extended, with AP parallel to RC .
Similarly, Q lies on AC extended, with BQ parallel to RC . Given
that AP = 5 and BQ = 6, what is the length of the line segment
RC ? Express the answer as a common fraction.
Q
P
C

A B
R
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. What is the smallest positive integer n such that the leftmost digit 8.
in the decimal representation of 2n is equal to 7? Hint: 210 = 1024.

9. There is a group of 7 women and m men arranged around a circular 9.

table so that the number of people whose right-hand neighbour is of
the same sex is the same as the number of people whose right-hand
neighbour is of the opposite sex. What is the largest possible value
of m?

n(3n − 1)
10. Let A(n) = . What is the smallest integer n > 1 such that 10.
2
A(n) is a perfect square?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Provincial 2010 Face-off
Questions and Answers

1 1
−
1. What is the value of 2 5
1 ?
10
1. Answer: 3
2. How many perfect squares are there between 11 and 111?
2. Answer: 7 (perfect squares)
3. It is late afternoon, and a 1.2 metre tall child casts a 3 metre
shadow. The child is standing next to an upright telephone pole,
which casts a 40 metre shadow. What is the height, in metres,
of the telephone pole?
3. Answer: 16 (metres)
4. What is the integer nearest to (8.5)2 ?
4. Answer: 72
5. If 5x − 4x + 3x − 2x + x = 180, what is the value of x?
5. Answer: 60
6. Today, sunrise in Burnaby is at 7 : 00 AM, and sunset
is at 7 : 36 PM. At what time is it exactly halfway between
sunrise and sunset? Express the answer in hour:minute format.
A spoken answer like “twelve forty-two” is of the right shape.
6. Answer: 1 : 18 (PM)
7. The diagonals of a rhombus have lengths 16 and 12. What
is the perimeter of the rhombus?

7. Answer: 40 (units)

1
Canadian Math Challengers Society

1
8. What common fraction is halfway between and 3?
3
5
8. Answer:
3
9. How many positive integers less than 61 are divisible by 2
or 3 (or both)?
9. Answer: 40
10. One dozen scarlet splendour roses cost $98. At the same
price per rose, what the cost in dollars of 2.5 dozen scarlet splen-
dour roses?
10. Answer: 245 (dollars)
11. If x2010 = 9, what is the value of x3015 ?
11. Answer: 27
12. Among the three-letter “words” that only use the letters
A and/or B and/or C, how many have exactly one C?
12. Answer: 12 (“words”)
13. The rectangle below has perimeter 70 cm, and is split into
10 congruent squares as shown. What is the area, in cm2 , of the
full rectangle?

13. Answer: 250 (cm2 )

7.2
14. Evaluate
0.018
14. Answer: 400

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society

15. When the radius of a circle is increased by 50%, the new

circle has circumference 99. What is the circumference of the
old circle?
15. Answer: 66 (units)
16. What is the value of the sum

1000 − 999 + 998 − 997 + · · · + 4 − 3 + 2 − 1?

16. Answer: 500

17. A very long test has 108 questions, numbered 1 to 108.
The test is 9 pages long, and each page has 12 questions. What
is the number of the fifth question on the fifth page?
17. Answer: 53
18. Alphonse’s auto repair bill is $3000, of which $1200 is for
parts and the rest for labour. If labour is billed at $45 per hour,
how many hours of labour were billed?
18. Answer: 40 (hours)
19. What is the largest prime which is less than 190?
19. Answer: 181
20. Let µ(a, b) be the mean of the numbers a and b. What is
the value of µ(µ(64, 32), 16)?
20. Answer: 32
21. The sum of 4 consecutive integers is 90. What is the
smallest of the 4 integers?
21. Answer: 21

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society

22. In the 3 × 3 grid below, every grid point is 1 unit from its
nearest horizontal or vertical neighbours. How many lines pass
through exactly two grid points?

22. Answer: 12 (lines)

210 − 1
23. Evaluate 5 .
2 −1
23. Answer: 33
24. Alicia had a rectangular 20 feet by 30 feet garden (left-
hand picture). She decided to make a 2 foot wide path in the
garden as in the right-hand picture. How many percent of the
area of the original garden is lost to the path?

24. Answer: 16 (percent)

7! − 6! − 5!
25. Evaluate .
6! − 5!
25. Answer: 7
26. The sum of two consecutive primes is divisible by 2 but
not by 4. What is the smallest possible value of this sum?
26. Answer: 18

4
Canadian Math Challengers Society

27. Of the 30 marbles in a bag, 10 are red, 10 are green, and the
remaining 10 are white. Two marbles are removed from the bag.
What is the probability that these two marbles are of different
colours? Express the answer as a common fraction.
20
27. Answer:
29
28. How many minutes are there in two and a half days?
28. Answer: 3600 (minutes)
29. The average class size in the year 2000 was 27. Now the
average class size is 30. By how many percent has the average
class size increased from the year 2000 to now? Round the
answer to the nearest integer. Thus an answer like 17 is of the
right shape.
29. Answer: 11 (percent)
30. If 92 × 273 = 3n , what is the value of n?
30. Answer: 13
31. The sum of three consecutive even integers is 30. What is
the product of the three integers?
31. Answer: 960
32. Each figure below is made up using twenty-five 1×1 squares.
What is the positive difference between the perimeters of the two
figures?

32. Answer: 8 (units)

5
Canadian Math Challengers Society

9
33. If x2 = , what is the value of |x|? Express the answer
256
as a common fraction.
3
33. Answer:
16
34. Last week, Alan read every second page of his 200 page
textbook, starting with page 1. This week, Alan read every
third page of the textbook, again starting with page 1. How
many pages did Alan read twice?
34. Answer: 34 (pages)
35. A rod is 5.5 yards, and a furlong is 220 yards. How many
rods are there in 6 furlongs?
35. Answer: 240 (rods)
36. Alicia and Beth differ in weight by 20 pounds. Beth and
Gamal differ in weight by 30 pounds. And Gamal and Delbert
differ in weight by 6 pounds. What is the least possible weight
difference between Alicia and Delbert?
36. Answer: 4 (pounds)
37. Given that the least common multiple of the numbers 8,
10, and n is 80, what is the smallest possible positive value of
n?
37. Answer: 16
38. Alphonse has three-sevenths as much money as Beti, and
between them they have 400 dollars. How many dollars does
Beti have?
38. Answer: 280 (dollars)

6
Canadian Math Challengers Society

39. The mean of 20, 21, x, and 2x is 35. What is the value of
x?
39. Answer: 33
40. The operation ⊛ is defined by the rule

x ⊛ y = x2 − 2xy + y 2 .

What is the value of 6 ⊛ (−4)?

40. Answer: 100
41. The three cans of cola that Alphonse drinks every day
together supply 20% of Alphonse’s daily caloric requirements,
which are 2100 calories. How many calories are in a can of cola?
41. Answer: 140 (calories)
42. Given that x2 = 0.2, what is the value of x−4 ?
42. Answer: 25

7
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2010

Answers, Blitz Stage

1. 70 8. 23 15. 27.5 21. 9

2. 91 9. 15 16. 6 22. 1800

9
3. 40 10. 9 17. 5 23.
46
5
4. 6 11. 48 18. 24. 1005
18

5. 5 12. 7 19. 30 25. 42

6. 110 13. 72 20. 6 26. 36

7. 8 14. 6
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2010

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

3
1. 78 5. 9. 11
8

2. 12 6. 216 10. 12.5

3
3. 11.25 7. 11. 54
4

4. 22.52 8. 8 12. 2.4

Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2010

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. −8 5. 98 8. 204

2. 34 6. 120 9. 18

3. 61 7. 75 10. 44

4. 11
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2010

Answers, Blitz Stage

23
1. 700 8. 15. 22000 21. 32
20

2. 1 9. 60 16. 45 22. 201015

23
3. 91 10. 16 17. 91 23.
36
4
4. 72 11. 29 18. 24. 204
5
120
5. 32 12. 36 19. 9 25.
29
343
6. 19 13. 50 20. 3013 26.
1296

7. 900 14. 16
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2010

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

51 √
1. 90 5. 9. 2
100

2. 275 6. 16 10. 96

3. 4 7. 128 11. 107

√
4. 31 8. 54 12. 4 + 2 3
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2010

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 6 5. 24 8. 46
8
2. 6. 389 9. 21
15
30
3. 640, 000 7. 10. 81
11

4. 13
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2011 Canadian Math Challengers Regional Questions
Blitz, Page 1

1. Eighty percent of eighty percent of a number is 144. What is the 1.

number?

2. How many diagonals does a regular pentagon have? 2. diagonals

3. A tiny test consists of 3 multiple choice questions. There are 4 choices 3.

of answer for each question, exactly one of which is correct. Alan
chooses at random one of the 4 answers to each question. What is
the probability that Alan answers all 3 questions correctly? Express
the answer as a common fraction.

4. A cookie costs $1.20. Dina buys 7 cookies, and hands the cashier a 4. dollars
10 dollar bill. How much money should Dina get back in change?
Express the answer in dollars, to the nearest cent. (An answer like
2.70 has the right shape, while 2.7 does not.)

√
5. What is the whole number which is nearest to 2011 ? 5.

6. A cup of flour has 400 Calories. A cup of lard has 1700 Calories. A 6. percent
pie crust is made using two cups of flour, one cup of lard, and nothing
else. How many percent of the Calories in the pie crust come from
the lard?

7. The height of a pyramid is increased by 30%. The base remains 7. percent

unchanged. By how many percent does the volume of the pyramid
increase?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. The sum of the decimal digits of the whole number n is 33. What is 8.
the smallest possible value of n?

9. Suppose that f (n + 2) = f (n) + f (n + 1) for every whole number n. 9.

Given that f (1) = 1 and f (3) = 48, what is the value of f (4)?

10. Alicia tosses 2 fair coins, and then Beti tosses 2 fair coins. What is 10.
the probability that they each get the same number of heads? Express
the answer as a common fraction.

11. Express as a common fraction: 11.

101 + 103 + 105 + · · · + 197 + 199
.
201 + 203 + 205 + · · · + 297 + 299

12. A rectangle has area 1 square unit. Its width is nine-sixteenths of 12. units
its length. How many units are in the perimeter of the rectangle?
Express the answer as a common fraction.

13. What is the smallest positive integer n such that the leftmost decimal 13.
digit of 3n is 6?

14. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 1. The tenth term is 400. 14.
What is the fourth term of the sequence?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
   
 1   1 
15. What is the smallest possible value of x −  + x −  as x travels
 15.
7 6
over the real numbers? Express the answer as a common fraction.

16. At a Math Challengers event, 240 people ate one or more slices of 16. slices
pizza, 140 ate two or more slices, 40 ate three slices, and no one ate
more than three. How many slices of pizza were eaten?

17. A gambler tosses a fair coin 4 times. She wins if during the tossing she 17.
gets 3 or more heads in a row or 3 or more tails in a row. What is the
probability that the gambler wins? Write the answer as a common
fraction.

18. On Thursday, Alphonse began to read a 360 page book. On Friday, 18. pages
he read twice as many pages of the book as he read Thursday. On
Saturday, he read twice as many pages as he read Friday. On Sunday,
he read twice as many pages as he read Saturday, and finished the
book. How many pages of the book did Alphonse read on Thursday?

19. A letter E was made by pasting onto a sheet of paper three rectan- 19. cm
gular 2 cm by 10 cm strips of cardboard next to a rectangular 2 cm
by 20 cm strip of cardboard, as in the picture below. No cutting was
done. What is the perimeter, in cm, of this letter E?

20. Define the number N by 20.

N = 122333444455555666666777777788888888999999999.

So the decimal expansion of N is 1 followed by two 2’s followed by

three 3’s followed by four 4’s, and so on, until it ends with nine 9’s.
Alan writes the number N over and over again. What is the 1000-th
digit that Alan writes?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. The big rectangle is divided into 9 rectangles by lines parallel to the 21. units 2
sides. If the areas of some of the little rectangles are as shown below,
what is the value of x? Write the answer as a common fraction.
3 4
4 5
5 x

22. Let r be the number of 8-letter “words” that can be formed using 22.
all the letters of the word “RICHMOND”. Let v be the number of
9-letter “words” that can be formed using all the letters of the word
“VANCOUVER”. Express the ratio r/v as a common fraction.

23. What is the smallest positive integer whose square is divisible by 23.
every integer from 1 to 10?

24. Three consecutive vertices of a rhombus have coordinates (4, 7), (0, 0), 24. units 2
and (8, 1) respectively. What is the area of the rhombus?

25. What is the smallest prime number which is larger than 293? 25.

26. Triangle ABC is right-angled at C , and AC > BC . The perpen- 26.

dicular bisector of the hypotenuse AB meets the hypotenuse at M
and meets AC at P . Given that AP = 13 and P C = 5, what is
the ratio of the area of 4AP M to the area of 4ABC ? Express the
answer as a common fraction. C
5
P
13
A B
M
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Alan says to Beth: “Give me $100, and I shall become twice as rich 1. dollars
as you.” Beth replies: “Give me $10, and I shall become six times as
rich as you.” How many dollars does Alan have?

2. A merchant carrying rice passes through three customs posts. At 2. measures

the first post, he has to give up one-third of his rice. At the second
post, he has to give up one-fifth of what remains, and at the third
post, one-seventh of what remains. He ends up with 5 measures of
rice. How many measures of rice did he start out with? Express the
answer as a common fraction.

3. Painter A can paint a room in 3.3 days, B can paint the room in 3. days
5.5 days, and C can paint the room in 6.6 days. They all worked
together painting the room for 1 day. Then B and C got fired. How
many (additional) days will it take for A to finish the job? Express
the answer as a decimal, to the nearest tenth.

4. The plane was full when it left Vancouver. In Kelowna, half the 4. people
people got off and 28 got on. In Calgary, half the people got off, 40
got on, and the plane was full again. How many people were on the
plane when it left Vancouver?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. How many six-letter “words” can be made using three A’s and three 5. words
B’s if no two A’s can be next to each other?

6. The first number in a sequence is 2, and the second number is 3. 6.

Each new number in the sequence is obtained by dividing the previ-
ous number by the one before that. (Thus the third number is 32 .)
What is the 100-th number in the sequence? Express the answer as
a common fraction.

7. What is the reciprocal of the repeating decimal 0.027? 7.

8. A 4 × 4 square is divided into sixteen 1 × 1 squares as shown. Two 8.

different squares are chosen at random from these sixteen squares.
What is the probability that the two chosen squares have exactly one
vertex in common? Express the answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. Two crystal pyramids each have a 2 × 2 square base. The two bases 9.
are cemented together to make a new crystal. Let V be the number
of vertices of the new crystal, E the number of edges, and F the
number of faces. What is the value of V − E + F ?

10. The vertices of a triangle are at (0, 0), (48, 1), and (50, 2). How 10. units 2
many units 2 are in the area of the triangle?

11. A circle of radius 3 meets a circle of radius 4 at points P and Q. The 11. units
tangent lines at P to the two circles are perpendicular to each other.
What is the length of the line segment P Q? Express the answer as
a decimal, to the nearest tenth.
P

√
12. Triangle ABC is right-angled, with hypotenuse AB = 1001. Point 12. units 2
D is on side CA, with CB = CD and DA = 11. What is the area
of triangle ABC ?
B
√
1001

C A
D 11
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. How many of the multiples of 10 from 10 to 106 (inclusive) are perfect 1.

squares?

2. The line with equation y = 2x + 4 meets the line with equation 2.

y = −(5 + 6x) at the point with coordinates (a, b). What is the
value of a + b? Express the answer as a common fraction.

3. Two cards are dealt from a well-shuffled standard 52-card deck. What 3.
is the probability the cards are both of the same suit (that is, that
both are spades, or both are hearts, or both are diamonds, or both
are clubs)? Express the answer as a common fraction.

4. What is the smallest possible value of x + y , given that x, y , and z 4.

are positive integers, z is odd, and x2 + y 2 = z 3 ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. A small island country in the middle of the ocean has the shape of 5. km 2
a triangle with sides 10, 12, and 18 kilometres. The country has
exclusive economic jurisdiction over all parts of the ocean that are
within 200 nautical miles of its shores. (A nautical mile is 1.852
kilometres.) What is the area, in km 2 , of the part of the ocean
over which the country has exclusive economic jurisdiction? Give the
answer to the nearest 1000 km 2 (thus your answer should have three
0’s at the end). Assume the earth is flat.

6. A positive integer is called square-free if it is not divisible by any 6.

perfect square greater than 1. For example, 1, 2, and 6 are square-
free, while 4 and 18 are not. Two fair standard dice are tossed. What
is the probability that the product of the two numbers obtained is
square-free? Express the answer as a common fraction.

7. Call an integer lucky if its decimal representation has two or more 7. integers
consecutive 8’s. For example, 1881 is lucky, as is 8882, but 8087,
1289, and 4321 are not lucky. How many of the integers in the
interval from 1000 to 9999 are lucky?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. A right circular cone has base radius 3 cm and height 4 cm. What is 8. cm 2
the number of cm 2 in the total surface area (including the base) of
the cone? Express the answer as a decimal, rounded to the nearest
tenth of a cm 2 . Note that π is approximately equal to 3.14159.

9. You have a large number of 10 cent coins, 25 cent coins, and 1 dollar 9. ways
coins, and no other coins. In how many ways can you make change
for a 10 dollar bill?

√ 
10. What is the smallest possible value of  2 − a/b , where a and b 10.
are positive integers and b ≤ 20? Express the answer in scientific
notation, correct to 4 significant digits. For example, an answer like
4.567 × 10−3 is of the right shape.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Regional 2011 Face-off
Questions and Answers

1. How many integers between 1 and 100 are divisible by 7?

1. Answer: 14 (integers)
1 1
−
2. Express 3 12 as a common fraction.
1 1
+
3 12
3
2. Answer:
5
3. It takes 450 seconds for 4 teenagers to eat 3 pizzas. If all teenagers
always eat at the same constant rate, how many seconds does it take
3 teenagers to eat 4 pizzas?
3. Answer: 800 (seconds)
4. What is the smallest prime number which is larger than 139?
4. Answer: 149
5. If 3x + 10 = 49, what is the value of 6x + 10?
5. Answer: 88
6. In a bag of jelly beans, 15 are white, 15 are yellow, 41 are green, 14 are
red, and the remaining 12 are black. How many red jelly beans are in
the bag?
6. Answer: 30 (red ones)
7. The temperature F in degrees Fahrenheit is related to the tem-
perature C in degrees Celsius by the equation F = 59 C + 32. If the
temperature of an oven in degrees Fahrenheit is 320, what is the tem-
perature of the oven in degrees Celsius?
7. Answer: 160 (degrees Celsius)

1
Canadian Math Challengers Society
8. How many ordered pairs (a, b) of positive integers are there such
that a + b ≤ 5?
8. Answer: 10 (ordered pairs)
9. The measures of the acute angles of a right triangle are in the ratio
2:3. What is the degree measure of the smallest angle of the triangle?
9. Answer: 36 (degrees)

10. The first few terms of a sequence are

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1,

and the obvious pattern continues forever. What is the product of the
66-th term and the 67-th term of the sequence?
10. Answer: 12
11. Two fair dice are tossed. What is the probability that the sum is
6? Express the answer as a common fraction.
5
11. Answer:
36
12. The number 1 76 is how many percent of 2 76 ?
12. Answer: 65 (percent)
13. Two similar triangles have area 4 square units and 9 square units
respectively. If the perimeter of the smaller triangle is 10 units, how
many units are in the perimeter of the larger triangle?
13. Answer: 15 (units)

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
14. On a planet far far away, a year is 500 days and a week is 7
days, with the usual English names. New Year’s day this year was on
a Sunday. On what day of the week is New Year’s day next year?
14. Answer: Wednesday
15. An answering machine can hold up to 10 minutes of messages.
Any message uses up at least 12 seconds. What is the largest number
of messages that the machine can hold?
15. Answer: 50 (messages)
16. When the bowl of mixed nuts was set out, it was (by weight) 45%
peanuts, 25% almonds, 20% cashews, and 10% hazelnuts. Alphonse
picked out all the almonds and ate them. What percent (by weight)
of the nuts in the bowl are now peanuts?
16. Answer: 60 (percent)
17. In a school election, every one of the 2011 students voted for
exactly one of A or B. If A got 1100 votes, how many more votes than
B did A get?
17. Answer: 189 (more votes)
2xy
18. Let H(x, y) = . What is the value of H(7, 42)?
x+y
18. Answer: 12
19. American Thanksgiving is on the fourth Thursday in Novem-
ber. What day of the month is the last possible day for American
Thanksgiving? Your answer should be a number between 1 and 30.
19. Answer: 28
20. Two-thirds of a group of students are dark-haired, one-quarter
are blonde, and the remaining 30 students are red-haired. How many
of the students in the group are not red-haired?
20. Answer: 330 (students)

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
21. The figure below consists of 7 points, namely the 6 vertices of a
regular hexagon and the centre of that hexagon. How many triangles
have one vertex at the centre of the hexagon, and the other two vertices
at vertices of the hexagon?

21. Answer: 12 (triangles)

22. What is the largest prime that divides 9999?
22. Answer: 101
23. A pack of 6 cans of cola costs $4.50, plus 12% tax, plus a 5 cent
deposit per can. How much does one have to pay for a pack of 6 cans?
Give the answer in dollars, to the nearest cent.
23. Answer: 5.34 (dollars)
√ √
24. How many whole numbers are there between 88 and 888?
24. Answer: 20 (whole numbers)
25. What common fraction of the
8
area of the trapezoid is shaded?

17
8
25. Answer:
25
26. X has 60% as much money as Y. Between them they have $1000.
How many dollars does X have?
26. Answer: 375 (dollars)
27. Given that (x − y)2 = 39 and xy = 40, what is the value of
(x + y)2 ?
27. Answer: 199

4
Canadian Math Challengers Society
28. What is the smallest positive integer which is divisible by 12 and
whose decimal representation contains no digits other than 0’s and 1’s?
28. Answer: 11100
p √
29. Given that 1 + 4 + x = 3, what is the value of x?
29. Answer: 60
30. What is the area, in square cm, of the isosceles triangle that has
sides 2, 4, and 4 cm? Express the answer in simplest radical form.

√
30. Answer: 15 (square cm)
31. The lengths of the three sides of a triangle are in the ratio 4:5:6.
The triangle has perimeter 180 cm. How many cm are in the length of
the longest side of the triangle?
31. Answer: 72 (cm)
32. Four fair coins are tossed. What is the probability of getting at
least one head and at least one tail? Express the answer as a common
fraction.
7
32. Answer:
8
33. What is the smallest positive integer that cannot be expressed as
the difference between two prime numbers?
33. Answer: 7

5
Canadian Math Challengers Society
34. The top 100 rock and roll songs of all time are played one after the
other. Each song lasts 3 minutes, and there is a 1 minute commercial
break between songs. From the start of the first song to the end of the
last song takes 6 hours plus how many minutes?
34. Answer: 39 (minutes)
35. A basketball team has 7 wins and 13 losses. To reach the playoffs
it must win at least 50% of the regular-season games that it plays.
What is the largest number of the remaining 35 regular season games
that the team can lose and still reach the playoffs?
35. Answer: 14 (games)
4
36. If 4(4 ) = 2(2 ) , what is the value of y?
y

36. Answer: 9
37. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 1, and the sum of the
first 4 terms of the sequence is 100. What is the sum of the first 5
terms of the sequence?
37. Answer: 165
38. What is the smallest whole number N such that 75N is a perfect
cube?
38. Answer: 45
39. How many positive integers between 1 and 60 (inclusive) are
divisible by 3 or by 5 or by both?
39. Answer: 28 (integers)
40. What is the largest perfect square which is less than 38 ?
40. Answer: 6400
41. What is the smallest perfect square which is in the arithmetic
sequence 1, 6, 11, and also in the arithmetic sequence 7, 13, 19, ?
41. Answer: 121

6
Canadian Math Challengers Society
42. How many integer values of n are there such that |(6n−77)(n+30)|
is a prime?
42. Answer: 3 (integer values)
43. How many 3-digit positive integers are there all of whose digits
are odd?
43. Answer: 125
44. Alphonse took the same algebra test a total of 3 times. Each
time he retook the test, the number of questions he answered correctly
increased by 50%. If on the last test he got 36 of the 70 questions
right, how many questions did he get right the first time he took the
test?
44. Answer: 16 (questions)
√
b2 − 4ac − b
45. What is the value of when a = 1, b = 3, and
2a
c = −4?
45. Answer: 1

7
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2011 Canadian Math Challengers Provincial Questions
Blitz, Page 1

1. One-third of 105 is the same as seven-sixths of what number? 1.

2. A rectangle has length 16 and width 12. What is the radius of the 2. units
circle that passes through the four vertices of the rectangle?

3. Which whole number is closest to 125% of 25? 3.

1 1 1
4. Express 1 − + − as a fraction in lowest terms. 4.
2 3 4

5. What is the area of a rhombus with diagonals of length 4 and 7? 5. units 2

1 1
6. Simplify 2 − 3 6.
1+ 3 1+ 2

7. Let F (x) = x4 +2x3 +3x2 +2x+1. What is the value of F (2)−F (−2)? 7.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
1
8. Express as a common fraction. 8.
1
2+
1
2+
2

9. How many of the numbers from 1 to 100 can be written in the form 9.
2a 3b where a and b are positive integers?

10. One cell starts to divide at time t = 0. Any cell divides into 2 cells 10. minutes
every minute, and the culture plate is full at t = 20 minutes. If
we start with 4 cells starting to divide at t = 0 instead, how many
minutes does it take until the plate is full?

11. In 4ABC , the angle at A is 84◦ . The bisectors of the angles at B 11. degrees
and C meet at P . How many degrees are in the measure of ∠BP C ?
A
84◦
P
?
B C

12. What is the greatest possible value of p + q if pq < 100 and p and q 12.
are odd primes?

13. A gambler went to the casino with 1 dollar. She made a series of six 13. orders
1-dollar bets, winning or losing 1 dollar each time. She ended up with
1 dollar. In how many different orders (of winning/losing) could this
have happened? Note that if you have no money you cannot bet.

14. A box contains 3 black beads, 3 blue beads, 6 red beads, and 8 yellow 14. beads
beads. If you are blindfolded, how many beads must you take out in
order to be sure of taking out at least 2 beads of each colour?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. What is the value of 173 − 172 · 16 − 17 · 162 + 163 ? 15.

16. A line passes through the points (−1, 10), (10, −1), and (x, −10). 16.
What is the value of x?

17. For
√ how many positive integers n is the positive difference between 17.
n and 9 less than 1?

18. Vinegar is poured into a conical cup of height 3 inches until the 18.
vinegar is 2 inches deep at its deepest point (please see the left-hand
diagram). Then olive oil is poured into the cup until the cup is full
(right-hand diagram). After the oil has been poured in, what common
fraction of the cup’s contents is oil?

19. Alfred wrote down all the numbers from 111 to 999. How many times 19. times
did he write the digit 0?

20. An equilateral triangle with each side 6 cm is inscribed in a circle. If 20.

the area of the circle is kπ cm 2 , what is the value of k?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. The large square is made up of nine 2 × 2 squares. Two circles whose 21.
center is the center of the large square pass through vertices of the
small squares, as shown. What is the ratio of the area of the smaller
circle to the area of the larger circle? Express the answer as a common
fraction.

 2  2
2 1 2 1
22. Given that x + 2 = 100, what is the value of x − 2 ? 22.
x x

23. What is the smallest sum of money that can’t be made up using 10 23. dollars
or fewer coins? Allowed coins are 1 cent, 5 cents, 10 cents, 25 cents,
1 dollar, and 2 dollars. Give the answer as a decimal, in dollars (an
answer of 4.00 or 4.56 has the right shape).

24. It so happens that you can put the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 24.
and 12 (every number from 1 to 12 except 7 and 11) in the circles
below, one to each circle, so that the sums of the numbers in any 4
circles whose centres lie on the same line are all equal. What must
each of these sums be?

25. The larger square in the diagram has side 5 and the smaller square 25. units 2
has side 3. What is the area of the shaded triangle? Express the
answer as a common fraction.

26. The number 130 has 8 positive factors, namely 1, 2, 5, 10, 13, 26, 65, 26. integers
and 130. How many positive integers smaller than 130 also have 8
positive factors?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Alan answered 60 questions on a quiz. He had 40% more right answers 1. questions
than wrong answers. How many questions did Alan get right?

2. The time in St. John’s, Newfoundland, is 4.5 hours ahead of the time 2. PM
in Vancouver. A cargo plane left St. John’s at 4:00 AM and landed
in Vancouver at 9:45 AM the same day. The plane left Vancouver for
St. John’s 45 minutes later. The flight back to St. John’s was shorter
by 105 minutes than the flight to Vancouver. The plane arrived at
St. John’s in the evening. At what time did it arrive? Express the
answer in Hours:Minutes format, using a 12-hour clock. Thus 10:40
has the right shape, and 22:40 does not.

3. Dan decided to distribute $97 between his 5 kids, A, B, C, D, and 3. dollars

E, giving each an integer number of dollars. He gave 1/2 (rounding
up to the next $) to A, 1/4 (rounding up to the next $) to B, 1/5
(rounding up to the next $) to C, 1/40 (rounding up to the next $)
to D, and the balance to E. How many dollars did E receive?

4. We can put digits in the 5 squares below, one digit in each square, 4.
in a way that makes the statement below true. What 2-digit positive
integer should be in the leftmost two squares?

percent of is 777
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. How many ordered triples (x, y, z) of positive integers are there such 5. triples
that x < y < z and x + y + z = 12?

6. Let N = 1! + 2! + 4! + 8! + 16! + 32!. What is the remainder when 6.

N 2 is divided by 16?

7. How many ordered triples (a, b, c) are there such that a, b, and c are 7. triples
positive integers and (ab )c = 64? One such triple is (64, 1, 1).

8. Five students will work on problem-solving in groups. Any group can 8. ways
consist of 1 to 5 students and each student must belong to exactly
one group. In how many ways can the 5 students be divided into
groups?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. In the diagram, P Q = SQ = SR and the degree measure of angle 9. degrees
SP Q is 33◦ . What is the degree measure of angle QSR?
S
?

33◦
P R
Q

10. Seven cubes are stacked one on top of the other. The volume of any 10. percent
cube is 10% more than the volume of the cube just above it. By how
many percent is the side length of the bottom cube greater than the
side length of the top cube?

11. The horizontal line segment at the bottom is the hypotenuse of two 11. units 2
congruent right triangles. The legs of these triangles have lengths 1
and 2. What is the area of the shaded region? Express the answer
as a common fraction.

12. The base of a right circular cylinder has diameter 6, and the height 12.
of the cylinder is 8. The cylinder is enclosed in a sphere which is just
large enough to contain the cylinder. What common fraction of the
volume of the sphere is taken up by the cylinder?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. Call an integer n good if the product of the positive integers that 1.

divide n is n2 . How many good integers are there in the interval
from 1 to 27 (inclusive)? Please note that 1 is good, while 2 and 4
are not.

2. Triangle ABC is isosceles, with CA = CB. Point P is on AB. Given 2. units 2

that AP = 3, BP = 7, and CP = 5, what is the area of 4ABC ?
Express the answer as a decimal, rounded to the nearest tenth of a
unit 2 . C

A B
3 P 7

3. A positive integer is called a palindrome if it doesn’t change when the 3. integers

order of the digits is reversed (examples: 444 and 464). How many
three-digit positive integers n are there such that n and 2n are both
palindromes?

4. How many ordered pairs (a, b) are there such that a and b are integers 4. pairs
(not necessarily positive) and |a| + |b| ≤ 3?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

5. An equilateral triangle with area 1 cm 2 is inscribed in a circle. What 5. cm 2

is the number of cm 2 in the area of the circle? Express the answer
as a decimal, rounded to the nearest one-hundredth of a cm 2 . Note
that π is approximately 3.14159.

6. What is the probability that the sum of two distinct randomly chosen 6.
positive factors of 420 is odd? Express the answer as a common
fraction. Note that 1 and 420 are factors of 420.

7. A hexagonal island is pictured below. The small triangles are all 7. ways
equilateral with side 1 km. The lines are the roads of the island. In
how many ways can Alicia start at the center of the island and walk
to the sea along island roads, walking a total distance of 3 km?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

8. Boiling water, at 100 degrees Celsius, is to be cooled to below 5 8. minutes

degrees. The water cools by 10 degrees in the first minute (so it is 90
degrees at time t = 1 minute). The water cools by 10 × 0.9 degrees
in the second minute, by 10 × (0.9)2 degrees in the third minute, by
10 × (0.9)3 degrees in the fourth minute, and so on. At what integer
number of minutes will the water first be below 5 degrees?

9. The rectangle below has length 10 cm and width 7 cm. An X-shaped 9. cm 2

figure (shaded) is drawn, with dimensions as shown. What is the
area of the shaded figure, in cm 2 ? Express the answer as a common
fraction. 1 8 1
1 1

5 5

1 1
1 8 1

10. Starting at 6:00 AM, and then every 4 minutes, trains leave the end- 10. km
stations A and G of the AG Train route and go all the way to the
other end-stations G and A. All trains stop for 1 minute at stations
B, C, D, E, and F. Distances between stations, in km, are shown on
the diagram. Note that the distance from A to G is 38 km. The
average train speed between consecutive stations is 1 km per minute.
Luciano got on a train that left Station A at exactly 9:00 AM, and
got off a train at Station A before 11:00 AM the same day. On his trip
he visited Station G. At any of the stations, Luciano had the choice
to stay on the train, or get off the train and travel on the next train
going in the opposite direction. Luciano maximized the distance he
travelled. How many km did he travel in total?

4 7 7 7 5 8
A B C D E F G
Canadian Math Challengers Society Provincial 2011 Face-off
Questions and Answers

(4!)(5!)
1. What is the value of ?
6!
1. Answer: 4
2. Evaluate (2011)2 .
2. Answer: 4,044,121 (4 million 44 thousand 121)
3. Three congruent squares are placed side by side to make a rectangle. If the
perimeter of the rectangle is 40 cm, what is the number of cm2 in the area of the
rectangle?

3. Answer: 75 (cm2 )
4. A 10.5 fluid ounce can of tomato paste costs $1.68. What is the cost, in cents,
per fluid ounce?
4. Answer: 16 (cents)

5. What is the smallest integer which is a power of 4 and is larger than 2011?
5. Answer: 4096
6. Alice and Bob independently choose an integer from 1 to 10 at random. What is
the probability that they choose different integers? Express the answer as a common
fraction.
9
6. Answer:
10
7. What is the smallest whole number that has 6 whole number divisors?
7. Answer: 12
8. Evaluate 55 − 552 .
8. Answer: 100

1
Canadian Math Challengers Society
9. Two fair dice are tossed. What is the probability that the sum is less than 7?
Express the answer as a common fraction.
5
9. Answer:
12
10. How many triangles (including all sizes) are in the picture below?

10. Answer: 13 (triangles)

11. In how many ways can you make change for a quarter using pennies and/or
nickels and/or dimes?
11. Answer: 12 (ways)
12. The surface area of a sphere is 36π cm2 . What is the number of cm3 in the
volume of the sphere? Express the answer in terms of π.
12. Answer: 36π (cm3 )

13. Given that (x + y)2 = 200, x2 = 65, and y 2 = 35, what is the value of xy?
13. Answer: 50
14. Evaluate (23 × 8) + (8 × 14) + (13 × 8).
14. Answer: 400
15. Two opposite sides of a 10 × 10 square are each increased by 20%, and the other
two sides are each decreased by 10%. By how many percent is the perimeter of the
resulting rectangle greater than the perimeter of the original square?

15. Answer: 5 (percent)

16. What is the largest prime factor of the sum of the two smallest 3-digit primes?
16. Answer: 17

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
17. A movie has a running time of 100 minutes. The first showing starts at 7:00
PM, and there is a 20 minute interval between the end of the first showing and the
beginning of the second showing. At what time does the second showing end? Give
the answer in the usual Hours:Minutes format.
17. Answer: 10:40 (PM)
18. Three standard dice are tossed. How many possible sums are there?
18. Answer: 16 (sums)

19. How many integers x satisfy the equation

x2 (x2 − 1)(x2 − 2)(x2 − 3)(x2 − 4) = 0?
19. Answer: 5 (integers)
20. The width of the Atlantic Ocean is increasing at 2.5 centimetres per year. At
this rate, how many years will it take for the width of the Atlantic Ocean to increase
by 1 kilometre?
20. Answer: 40,000 (years)
21. Two fair dice are tossed. What is the probability that one of the dice shows
a 5 and the other shows a number which is less than 5? Express the answer as a
common fraction.
2
21. Answer:
9
22. What is the sum of all the prime factors of 222?
22. Answer: 42
23. In the grid below, each of the 6 points is at distance 1 from its nearest horizontal
and vertical neighbours. How many lines are there that pass through 2 or more points
in the grid?

23. Answer: 11 (lines)

24. You buy an MP3 player whose price is $80, plus 12% HST. If you hand the
cashier five $20 bills, how much should you get back in change? Give the answer in
dollars, to the nearest cent. Thus an answer like 12.49 or 12.50 is of the right shape.
24. Answer: 10.40 (or 10 dollars and 40 cents, or ten forty)

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
25. Alicia has $1 coins, $2 coins, or a mixture, but no other coins. She has a total
of 33 coins, worth a total of $52. How many $1 coins does she have?
25. Answer: 14 (1 dollar coins)

26. A string which is 80 cm long is cut into four pieces whose lengths are in the
ratio 1:3:5:7. What is the number of cm in the length of the longest piece?
26. Answer: 35 (cm)
27. One (US) pound is 16 ounces. Given that chicken A weighs 3 pounds, 15 ounces,
while chicken B weighs 5 pounds, 1 ounce, what is the ratio of the weight of A to
the weight of B? Express the answer as a common fraction.
7
27. Answer:
9
28. Of the people at the junior basketball game, 40% paid the full $10 ticket price,
40% got in at half-price, and the remaining 100 people paid nothing. What was the
total income, in dollars, from ticket sales?
28. Answer: 3000 (dollars)

29. How many subsets of the set {1, 2, 3, 4} contain at least one even number? (The
whole set is a subset of itself.)
29. Answer: 12 (subsets)
30. The Executive Committee consists of 2 men and 3 women. In how many ways
can these 5 people be seated in a row so that the 2 men are next to each other?

30. Answer: 48 (ways)

31. Ball-point pens can be bought individually at 40 cents each, or at $4 per package
of 12 pens. You need to buy 36 ball-point pens. How much do you save by buying
the pens in packages of 12 instead of individually? Give the answer in dollars, to the
nearest cent.
31. Answer: 2.40 (or “two-forty” or “two dollars and forty cents”)

4
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2011

Answers, Blitz Stage

1 75
1. 225 8. 6999 15. 21.
42 16
2
2. 5 9. 95 16. 420 22.
9
1 3 3
3. 10. 17. 23. 420
64 8 8
3
4. 1.60 11. 18. 24 24. 52
5
25
5. 45 12. 19. 104 25. 307
6
13
6. 68 13. 8 20. 4 26.
36

7. 30 14. 134
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2011

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 40 5. 4 9. 2
175 1
2. 6. 10. 23
16 2

3. 1.2 7. 37 11. 4.8

3
4. 72 8. 12. 220
20
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2011

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 100 5. 446000 8. 75.4

5 17
2. 6. 9. 121
8 36
4
3. 7. 261 10. 2.449 × 10−3
17

4. 13
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2011

Answers, Blitz Stage

5 5
1. 30 8. 15. 33 21.
12 9

2. 10 9. 9 16. 19 22. 96

3. 31 10. 18 17. 35 23. 3.94

7 19
4. 11. 132 18. 24. 24
12 27
625
5. 14 12. 34 19. 168 25.
208
1
6. 13. 5 20. 12 26. 16
5

7. 40 14. 19
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2011

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 35 5. 7 9. 48

2. 11:30 6. 9 10. 21
5
3. 0 7. 9 11.
8
54
4. 84 8. 52 12.
125
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2011

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 10 5. 2.42 8. 29
32 335
2. 22.9 6. 9.
69 12

3. 20 7. 42 10. 102

4. 25
Canadian Math Challengers Society 2012 Canadian Math Challengers Regional Questions
Blitz, Page 1

1. What is the value of 15% of 40? 1.

2. How many diagonals does a regular hexagon have? (A diagonal is 2. diagonals

any line segment that joins two vertices and is not an edge.)

3. For a school fundraiser, Dave sells chocolate bars. He wants to raise 3. bars
at least $100. He sells each chocolate bar for $1.25. What is the
minimum number of bars he needs to sell?

4. Let F (x) = x2 + 1. What is the value of F (F (1))? 4.

5. Round the following sum to the nearest whole number: 5.

2 3 4 5 6
+ + + + .
1 2 3 4 5

6. Four fair coins are tossed. What is the probability of getting an even 6.
number of heads? Express the answer as a common fraction.

7. If you run at a speed of 12 km/hour for 20 minutes, and then at a 7. km

speed of 10 km/hour for 45 minutes, what is the total distance, in
km, that you ran? Express the answer as a decimal, correct to 1
decimal place.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. In a certain parallelogram, the degree measure of one of the internal 8. degrees
angles is five-sevenths of the degree measure of another internal angle.
How many degrees are in the measure of one of the smaller internal
angles of the parallelogram?

r
1
9+
7
9. Simplify: r 9.
1
7

10. What is the largest prime factor of 2012? 10.

11. Four hundred and forty students took part in a Math Challengers con- 11. percent
test. Each student competed in the grade 8 category or the grade 9
category, but not in both. If 198 students were in the grade 9 cat-
egory, how many percent of the students competed in the grade 8
category?

12. Each of the two figures below is made up using twenty-five 1 × 1 12. units
squares. What is the positive difference between the perimeters of
the two figures?

13. Express 13.

1 + 3 + 32
1 + 3 + 32 + 33 + 34 + 35
as a common fraction.

14. Alicia has 5 dollars less than Beti, and Cecille has as much money 14. dollars
as Alicia and Beti have between them. Altogether, the three people
have a total of 270 dollars. How many dollars does Alicia have?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. What is the value of the mean of the numbers in the following list? 15.
Express the answer as a common fraction.

1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6

16. Alan left home to go to the mall. He spent $2.50 for the Skytrain trip. 16. dollars
Then he spent six-sevenths of the money he had left on t-shirts. Then
he spent two-thirds of the money he had left after buying the t-shirts
on a snack. After that, all he had left was $2.50 for the Skytrain trip
home. How many dollars did Alan have immediately before he left
home to go to the mall?

17. There are 12 jelly beans on a tray, 6 blue and 6 yellow. Alphonse 17.
eats 2 of the jelly beans, chosen at random. What is the probability
that these 2 jelly beans are of different colours? Express the answer
as a common fraction.

18. In the picture below, the smaller square has side 7 and the larger 18. units 2
square has side 15. What is the area of 4ABC ?
B C

19. Call the integer n special if the sum of the decimal digits of n is 12. 19. squares
How many of the perfect squares from 1 to 400 are special?

√ √
75 − 3
20. Express √ √ as a common fraction. 20.
75 + 3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. A convex hexagon has one internal right angle. The other five internal 21. degrees
angles are all equal to each other. How many degrees are in the
measure of one of these five angles?

22. How many integers between 1 and 1000 are divisible by 3 but not 22. integers
by 9?

23. If x2012 = 9, what is the value of x3018 ? 23.

24. What is the smallest positive integer n such that 24.

1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + (n − 1) + n

is a multiple of 100?

25. How many ways are there to colour the four circles below, using no 25. ways
colours other than blue, red, or yellow (only one colour to each circle),
so that any two circles directly joined by a line are of different colours?

√
26. A half-circle
√ has centre at the origin O(0, 0). Points M ( 75, 5) and 26. units 2
N (−5, 75) are on the half-circle as shown. What is the area of the
shaded region, correct to the nearest integer?
N
M

O
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. An exam consists of multiple choice questions, worth 2 marks each, 1. questions

and “short answer” questions, worth 4 marks each. The total number
of questions on the exam is 39, and the maximum mark obtainable
is 100. How many multiple choice questions are on the exam?

2. A large group had a banquet. The food bill was $1000. In addition 2. dollars
to that, the group had to pay the 12% HST. The group decided to
leave a tip of 15% of the combined cost of food and HST. What was
the amount, in dollars, of the tip?

3. Alicia has exactly $9.99 in standard Canadian coins. (The standard 3. coins
Canadian coins are 1 cent, 5 cents, 10 cents, 25 cents, $1, and $2).
What is the smallest number of coins that Alicia could have?

4. The lines below represent the streets of a town. Each side of every 4. units
small triangle has length 1, and the additional segment has length 1.
You want to walk from point A to point B , and travel at least once
along each street of the town. What is the shortest possible length
of the path?

A B
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. What is the smallest positive integer which can be expressed as the 5.
sum of 6 consecutive multiples of 6, some of which could be 0 or
negative?

6. A box contains 9 marbles, of which 4 are white, 3 are black, and 2 6.

are blue. Dina removes 2 randomly chosen marbles from the box, and
places them on a table. What is the probability that the 2 marbles
are of the same colour? Express the answer as a common fraction.

7. Call the integer n good if n > 0 and 2 divides n, 3 divides n + 1, 4 7.

divides n + 2, and 5 divides n + 3. The smallest good integer is 2.
What is the next good integer?

8. Let M be a three-digit number, with all digits different from 0 (so 8.

234 and 665 are of the right kind, but 302 is not). Let N be a
three-digit number obtained by changing the order of the digits of
M . Given that M + N = 949, what is the largest possible value of
N?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
5 3
9. The area of rectangle ABCD is units 2 . Side AB has length 9. units
8 4
units. What is the length of side BC ? Express the answer as a
common fraction. A D

B C

10. Three gold spheres have, respectively, diameter 9 cm, 12 cm, and 10. cm
15 cm. They are melted down and made into a single gold sphere.
What is the diameter of that sphere?

11. The two circles below have the same radius, and have centres O and 11. degrees
O0 . The line segment joining O and O0 meets the circle with centre
O0 at the point P . Point A is one of the intersection points of the
circles, and the line OA meets the circle with centre O0 at a second
point X . Given that ∠AOP is 28 degrees, how many degrees are in
∠XP O0 ? X

A
28◦
O P O0

12. Triangle ABC is isosceles, with CA = CB . Point P is on AB . 12. units 2

Given that AP = 3, P B = 7, and CP = 5, what is the area of
4ABC ? Express the answer in simplest radical form.

A B
3 P 7
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. What is the value of 1.

(1 × 1!) + (2 × 2!) + (3 × 3!) + (4 × 4!) + (5 × 5!)?

2. A large group had a banquet. The total bill was for $1000.15. This 2. dollars
amount was for the food plus the HST: the 12% HST was included
in the $1000.15 bill. The group decided to leave in addition a tip of
15% on the cost of the food only, not the HST. What was the total
amount, in dollars, paid by the group, including the tip? Express the
answer as a decimal, to the nearest cent..

3. The figure ABCD is a rectangle. The length of BM is 23 times the 3.

length of side BC , and the length of CN is 45 times the length of
side CD . What is the ratio of the area of the shaded triangle to the
area of rectangle ABCD ? Express the answer as a common fraction.
N
D C
M

A B

4. The function f (x) satisfies the equation 4.

f (a) + f (b)
f (a + b) =
1 − f (a)f (b)
1 1
If f (a) = and f (b) = , what is the value of f (a + b)?
2 3

5. The number 999,999,999,999,999 is multiplied by 999. How many 9’s 5. 9’s

are there in the decimal representation of the product?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

6. What is the smallest integer n such that n(n + 2012)(n − 2013) > 0? 6.

7. The energy released by an earthquake is measured using the Richter 7.

Scale. An earthquake of magnitude 9 releases 10 times as much en-
ergy as an earthquake of magnitude 8. In the same way, a quake of
magnitude 8.2 releases 10 times as much energy as a quake of magni-
tude 7.2. What is the ratio of the energy released by a magnitude 8.5
earthquake to the energy released by a magnitude 8.0 earthquake?
Express the answer as decimal, correct to 2 decimal places.

8. Ten people, Alan and Beti and 8 others, are divided at random into 8.
two groups, one with 4 people and the other with 6 people. What
is the probability that Alan and Beti end up in the same group?
Express the answer as a common fraction.

9. The five circles in the picture have the same centre, and their radii 9. percent
are 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, and 6.5. How many percent of the area of the
largest circle is shaded? Give the answer rounded to the nearest 1
percent.

10. A poll of hockey fans reveals that if the price per ticket is $100, then 10. dollars
1 million people will attend over the entire season. If the ticket price
is increased by a certain percentage, the attendance changes as in
the graph. If management charges the price that will maximize its
sales revenue, but definitely at least $100 and no more than $130 per
ticket, what will be the total sales, in dollars?
1.0
0.9
0.85
0.8
Attendance 0.7
(in millions) 0.6
0.5

0 10 20 30
Price Change (in %)
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

11. Suppose that a, b, c, and d are non-negative integers such that 11.

a + 8b + 64c + 512d = 2012.

What is the smallest possible value of a + b + c + d?

12. The game of Canadian checkers is played on a 12 × 12 square board 12. squares
divided into 144 unit squares. A circle of radius 6 is drawn on a
Canadian checkerboard, with centre the centre of the board. How
many of the 144 unit squares have all their vertices on or inside the
circle? (The unit squares are not shown in the picture.)

13. What is the sum of the positive divisors of the sum of the positive 13.
divisors of 200? Note that 1 and n are divisors of n.

14. Note that 1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + 7 + 8 = 36, and 36 is a perfect square. 14.

What is the smallest perfect square greater than 36 which is the sum
of the first n positive integers for some n?

15. Triangle ABC has AB = 10 and AC = 14. The three heights AR, 15. units 2
BQ, and CP are drawn and meet at O . The distance AP is equal
to 6. Let OQ = x, and draw the circle with centre O and radius
x. What is the area of the circle? Express the answer as a decimal,
correct to 1 decimal place.
B
R

P O

A C
Q
Canadian Math Challengers Society Regional 2012 Face-off
Questions and Answers

1. Evaluate 44 + 144 + 244.

1. Answer: 432
2. What is the sum of all the primes that are smaller than 15?
2. Answer: 41
3. A rectangular box has volume 196000 cm2 and a square base. If the height of
the box is 40 cm, what is the number of cm in one side of the base?
3. Answer: 70 (cm)
4. What is the value of the sum
1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15?

(Each term is 2 more than the previous one.)

4. Answer: 64

5. What is value of the smallest integer which is the sum of four distinct 2-digit
primes?
5. Answer: 60
6. If 5x + y = 81 and 5x − y = 69, what is the value of x?
6. Answer: 15
7. The hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle has length 17, and one of the legs has
length 8. What is the perimeter of the triangle?
7. Answer: 40
8. What is 250% of 2012?
8. Answer: 5030
9. An accurate 12-hour clock shows that it is exactly 12 : 00. What time shows
on the clock 2012 minutes later? An answer like 4 : 17 or ”four seventeen” is of the
right shape.
9. Answer: 9 : 32
48
10. What is the value of 4 ?
8
10. Answer: 16

1
Canadian Math Challengers Society
11. The triangle below is isosceles. Each of the two smaller angles is one-eighth of
the largest angle. How many degrees are in the measure of the largest angle?

11. Answer: 144 (degrees)

12. A high school runner ran 3000 metres in 9 minutes. What was the runner’s
average speed in kilometres per hour?
12. Answer: 20 (km/hr)
13. What is the value of (31 × 41) − (31 + 41)?
13. Answer: 1199
14. What is the area of the triangle whose vertices have coordinates (−2, 0), (2, 0),
and (7, 11)?
14. Answer: 22
15. Evaluate (23 × 8) + (8 × 14) + (13 × 8)?
15. Answer: 400
16. Ten years from now, the sum of the ages of the 30 people in the class will be
725 years. What will the sum of their ages be 5 years from now?
16. Answer: 575 (years)
1+2+3+4+5
17. Express as a common fraction. .
1×2×3×4×5
1
17. Answer:
8
18. The product of two numbers is 210, and the sum of the two numbers is 29.
What is the positive difference between the two numbers? .
18. Answer: 1
19. Evaluate 55 − 552 .
19. Answer: 100
20. What is the smallest positive integer which is divisible by all of 20, 24, 25, and
30?
20. Answer: 600

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
 
4 1 1
21. Express − 1 + + as a common fraction.
3 4 16
1
21. Answer:
48
22. Alicia drives 1 kilometre in 32 seconds. At this rate, how many km does
she drive in 10 seconds? Express the answer as a decimal, rounded to the nearest
hundredth of a km.
22. Answer: 0.31 (km)
23. For what value of x is 13 − 23 + 33 − x = 0?
23. Answer: 20
24. Alicia sold her condo for 20% more than she paid for it, and made a gross profit
of 90, 000 dollars. For how many dollars did she sell her condo?
24. Answer: 540, 000 (dollars)
25. What is the value of 95 × 95??
25. Answer: 9025 (years)
26. The sides of a rectangle are integers, and the perimeter of the rectangle is 42.
What is the largest possible area of the rectangle?
26. Answer: 110 (years)
27. Three fair dice are tossed. What is the probability that the sum of the numbers
obtained is equal to 4? Express the answer as a common fraction.
1
27. Answer:
72
28. What is the product of the greatest common factor and the least common
multiple of 15 and 48?
28. Answer: 720
11 9
29. How many integers n are there such that > .
n 7
29. Answer: 8 (values)
30. What is the smallest number of times that you must throw a fair coin to have
probability of 80% or more of getting at least one head?
30. Answer: 3 (times)

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
(6!)(7!)
31. What is the value of ?
8!
31. Answer: 90
32. How many two-digit prime numbers are there that use two distinct digits chosen
from {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}?
32. Answer: 7 (primes)

33. What is the mean of the first 10 terms of the arithmetic sequence 1, 11, 21, 31,
...?
33. Answer: 46

4
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2012 Canadian Math Challengers Provincial Questions
Blitz, Page 1

1. Express the reciprocal of 0.55 as a common fraction. 1.

√
2. What is the smallest integer larger than 2012? 2.

4
3. Each edge of a regular hexagon has length √ . The hexagon is 3. units 2
π
inscribed in a circle. What is the area of the circle, in square units?

4. Alicia bought 45 litres of gasoline for $54. If the price of gasoline 4. litres
goes up by 25%, how many litres of gasoline can Alicia buy for $54?

    
1 1 1 1
5. Simplify: 1 + 1+ 1+ 1+ 5.
4 5 6 7

6. The area of equilateral triangle ABC is nine times the area of equi- 6.
lateral triangle AP Q. What is the ratio of the perimeter of the
trapezoid P BCQ to the perimeter of 4ABC ? Express the answer
as a common fraction.
A
P Q

B C

7. Let x ~ y = x2 − 2y 2 . What is the value of 3 ~ (2 ~ 1)? 7.

Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. Suppose that a and b are integers and 2a − 2b = 16. What is the 8.
value of a + b?

9. A prism has 12 edges. How many faces does it have? Recall that 9. faces
a prism is a polyhedron for which there is a face of the polyhedron
such that when the polyhedron is placed on the floor with that face
down, then all horizontal cross-sections are the same.

10. Ali has 50% more money than Beth, who has 50% more money than 10. dollars
Cecil. All together, they have $950. How many dollars does Ali have?

p√ √ √
11. Simplify: 8 16 32 11.

12. At the university, 30% of the students have a car, and 80% of the 12. percent
students who don’t have a car have a bike. How many percent of the
students have neither a car nor a bike?

13. What is the area of the triangle whose sides are 17, 17, and 16? 13. units 2

17 17

16

14. What is the sum of the first 2012 terms of the following arithmetic 14.
sequence?
−1005, −1004, −1003, −1002, . . .
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
10!7!4!
15. Evaluate: 15.
9!6!3!

16. The median of a list of 11 positive integers (not necessarily distinct) 16.
is 20 and their mean is 25. What is the largest possible integer in
the list?

17. Rectangle ABCD has base 20. A semicircle is drawn that has the 17. units
base AB as a diameter. This semicircle meets side CD in the points
P and Q, where DP = CQ = 7 and P Q = 6. What is the height
of the rectangle (that is, what is the length of line segment BC )?
Express the answer in simplest radical form.
D 7 7 C
P 6 Q

A 20 B
18. Six 5 dollar bills are placed in a row. Then every second bill is 18. dollars
replaced by a 10 dollar bill. Then every third bill is replaced by a
20 dollar bill. After all the replacements are done, how many dollars
in total are there in the row?

19. A combined total of 2012 students participated in the last 8 Provin- 19. students
cial Math Challengers competitions. The yearly participation num-
bers form an arithmetic sequence with a yearly increment of 3. What
was the largest number of yearly participants during this period?

20. In how many ways can 5 identical loonies be split between Aleph, 20. ways
Beth, and Gimel so that each of them gets at least 1 loonie? Only
the totals that each person gets matter. For example, “Aleph is given
1 loonie, then Beth is given 1, then Alan is given 1, then Beth is
given 1, then Gimel is given 1” is the same as “Beth is given 2, then
Gimel is given 1, then Aleph is given 2.”
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. Let x = 22012 + 32012 . What is the units digit of x? 21.

22. The integers i, j and k are even, and the integers l, m, and n are 22.
odd. Suppose that 0 < i < j < k < l < m < n and ji < kl < m n
.
What is the smallest possible value of n?

23. What is the smallest positive integer N such that N times 5! is a 23.
perfect cube?

24. In the circle below, chord AB has length 22, and chord CD has 24. units 2
length 16. Chord CD is twice as far from the centre of the circle as
chord AB. What is the square of the radius of the circle?

A B
D

25. You toss 2 dice and record the sum. Then you do it again. What 25.
is the probability that the recorded sums are the same? Express the
answer as a common fraction.

26. A triangle has sides 3, 5, and 7. What is the square of its smallest 26. units 2
height? Express the answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Alfie gave B one-half of the loonies Alfie had, and then 7 more. Alfie 1. loonies
then gave C one-half of the loonies he had left, and then 7 more.
After that, Alfie had no loonies left. How many loonies did Alfie
start out with?

2. At the “Home Sweet Home” senior facility, the average age of the 2.
male residents is 70 years, the average age of the female residents is
75 years, and the average age of all residents is 73.5 years. What is
the ratio of male residents to female residents of Home Sweet Home?
Express the answer as a common fraction.

3. Dean and Dina each run exactly 600 m. They start at the same time 3. m/s
and finish at the same time. Dina runs at a constant speed of 3 m/s,
while Dan increases his speed at a constant rate for the first 300 m,
and then decreases his speed by the same rate during the last 300m.
What is the fastest speed (in m/s) that Dan reaches during the race?

4. You can use three different taps, alone or in combination, to fill a 4. hours
pool. If you use taps B and C only, it will take 9 hours to fill the
pool. If you use all three taps (A, B, and C), it takes 7 hours. Tap B
can fill the pool on its own in half the time it takes tap A on its own.
How many hours would it take for tap C to fill the pool on its own?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
3
5. What is the number which is halfway between 4
and 43 ? Express the 5.
answer as a common fraction.

6. What common fraction between 0.91 and 0.97 has the least numer- 6.
ator?

7. You start at corner A of equilateral triangle ABC with side 1 metre 7.

by taking a step to either B or C with probability 12 each. You keep
making such 1 metre steps, with probability 12 to the corners you are
not at. What is the probability of ending up back at A after taking
exactly 4 steps? Express the answer as a common fraction.

8. Betty and Ben each select independently and at random an integer 8.

between 0 and 5 (inclusive). What is the average non-negative dif-
ference between their numbers? Express the answer as a common
fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. The picture below shows a square and an equilateral triangle. If the 9. degrees
degree measure of the angle labelled x is 34◦ , what is the degree
measure of the angle labelled y?
x

10. A square is split into two rectangles as in the picture below. The 10.
smaller rectangle has area 8, and the larger one has area 10. What
is the ratio of the perimeter of the smaller rectangle to the perimeter
of the larger rectangle? Express the answer as a common fraction.

11. In the picture below, the circle with centre O has radius 1. Point A 11. units
lies on the circle, 4OAB is right-angled at A, and AB = 3. The
line segment OB meets the circle at C , and D on AB is such that
CD√ is perpendicular to AB. Express the length of CD in the form
a+b c
d
, where a, b, c, and d are integers, d is positive, no number
greater than 1 divides all of a, b, and d, and no square greater than
1 divides c.

O
C

A D B

12. In the picture below, lines that look perpendicular are perpendicular. 12. units 2
The large trapezoid of the picture is divided into a trapezoid, two
rectangles, and a triangle as shown. The trapezoid has area 2, and
the rectangles have area 3 and 4 as shown. What is the value of
x, the area of the small triangle? Express the answer as a common
fraction.

4 x

3 2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

√ √ √
1. It so happens that 1800+ 200 = n, where n is an integer. What 1.
is the value of n?

2. The price of a commodity is adjusted upwards by 2.5% on January 2.

15 of every year. What is the ratio of the price on January 16 of a
certain year to the price on January 16 twenty years earlier? Provide
the answer as a decimal correct to 2 decimal places.

3. What is the area of the triangle whose vertices have coordinates (0, 0), 3. units 2
(5, 7), and (7, 10)? Express the answer as a common fraction.

4. Dan had to pay $2500 for an overseas school trip, and was charged 4. dollars
simple yearly interest of 5% for late payment. If he was 15 days late,
how much interest did he pay, in dollars, correct to 2 decimal places.
Assume that there are 360 days in the year.

5. Define the number N by 5.

N = 123456789 + 234567891 + 345678912 + 456789123 + 567891234.

What is the sum of the digits of N ?

Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

√
6. How many integers a are there such that 1 ≤ a ≤ 6400 and a 6. integers
divides 6400?

7. The world is divided into ”rich,” ”emerging,” and ”poorest” countries. 7. dollars
The people of the rich countries are asked to come to the rescue. The
people of the poorest countries, who make up 53% of the world popu-
lation, need $5000 per capita. The people of the emerging countries,
who make up 36% of the world population, need $2000 per capita.
If all the money is to come out of the pockets of each individual from
the rich countries, how much will it cost each of them if the total pop-
ulation of the rich countries is 770 million? Give the answer rounded
to the nearest dollar.

8. It so happens that there are positive integers a, b, and c such that 8.

355 1
=a+
113 1
b+
c
What is the value of c?

9. How many products of the form a × b × c are there, if a, b, and c can 9.

be any of the primes 2, 3, 5, or 7? Note that 28 = 2 × 2 × 7 is such
a product (primes can repeat), and is to be counted as the same as
2 × 7 × 2.

24n
10. What is the greatest integer n for which is an integer? 10.
n−4
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

11. What is the area, in square metres, of the smallest square that can 11. metres 2
be fully covered with no gaps or overlaps by using 50 cm by 50 cm
tiles only, and also by using 40 cm by 60 cm tiles only.

12. The mean (average) of a and b is 3/4 times the mean of a, b, and c. 12.
The mean of b and c is 4/3 times the mean of a, b, and c. If a, b,
and c are positive and the mean of a and c is k times the mean of a,
b, and c, what is the value of k? Express the answer as a common
fraction.

13. How many ordered triples (i, j, k) of non-negative integers are there 13. triples
such that i + j + k = 4? Please note that (4, 0, 0) is not the same as
(0, 4, 0).

14. In the game of Lucky 7, you roll a fair die a few times and try to 14.
reach a total sum of 7 on your rolls. There is only one rule: If on roll
n you got a certain number k and on roll n + 1 you get a number
equal to or larger than k, then the game is over after roll n + 1. A
few valid sequences in the game are (1, 1), (1, 3), (5, 4, 3, 3), (6, 5, 5),
(6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5). Please note that the maximum number of rolls until
the game is over is 7. What is the probability of reaching a total of
7 when the game is over? Two examples of winning sequences are
(1, 6) and (2, 1, 4). Note that (6, 1) is not a winning sequence since
you still have to roll for a third time. Express the answer as a common
fraction.

15. The 5 students on the team that won the Provincial Math Challengers 15. ways
competition decided to celebrate the event with a gift exchange party.
The rule is that each of the 5 students is to give one gift to exactly
one other student. An example of such a gift exchange is ”A gives to
B, B gives to C, C gives to D, D gives to E, and E gives to A.” How
many ways are there to do the gift exchange?
Canadian Math Challengers Society Provincial 2012 Face-off
Questions and Answers

1. Eighty-eight is 16% of what number?

1. Answer: 550
9
2. If x2 = , and x is positive, what is the value of x? Express the answer as a
256
common fraction.
3
2. Answer:
16
3. How many real numbers (they are not necessarily integers) x are there such that
8
x > 1 and is an integer?
x
3. Answer: 7
4. What is the smallest positive integer n such that 8n > 222 ?
4. Answer: 8
5. What is the value of
1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + 13 + 14 + 15 + 14 + 13 + · · · + 3 + 2 + 1?
5. Answer: 225
1 1
2
− 5
6. What is the value of 1 ?
10
6. Answer: 3
7. How many perfect squares are there between 11 and 111?
7. Answer: 7
8. A very long test has 99 questions, numbered 1 to 99. The test is 9 pages long,
and each page has the same number of questions. What is the number of the fifth
question on the fifth page?
8. Answer: 49

9. Of the 20 marbles in a bag, 10 are red and 10 are green. Two marbles are removed
from the bag. What is the probability that these two marbles are of different colours?
Express the answer as a common fraction.
10
9. Answer:
19
10. The average class size in the year 2000 was 27. Now the average class size is
31. By how many percent has the average class size increased from the year 2000
to now? Round the answer to the nearest integer. Thus an answer like 17 is of the
right shape.
10. Answer: 15 (percent)

1
Canadian Math Challengers Society
11. Square A has area 4 and square B has area 9. How many percent is the side of
square B greater than the side of square A?
11. Answer: 50
12. A fair coin is tossed 4 times in a row. What is the probability of getting a total
of 3 heads (in any order) and 1 tail? Express the answer as a common fraction.
1
12. Answer:
4
1024
13. How many positive integers n are there such that is a perfect square?
n
13. Answer: 6
14. If 92 × 273 = 3n , what is the value of n?
14. Answer: 13
15. The operation ~ is defined by the rule
x ~ y = x2 − 2xy + y 2 .

What is the value of 6 ~ (−4)?

15. Answer: 100

16. The three cans of cola that Alphonse drinks every day together supply 20% of
Alphonse’s daily caloric requirements, which are 2100 calories. How many calories
are in 1 can of cola?
16. Answer: 140
17. If x2 = 49, what is the sum of the two possible values of (x + 1)2 ?
17. Answer: 100
18. Alicia and Beti drive separately from A to B. The distance from A to B is 200
km. They start at the same time. Alicia averages 100 km/hour, and Beti averages
75 km/hour. How many minutes after Alicia arrives at B does Beti arrive at B?
18. Answer: 40(minutes)

19. How many 3-digit positive integers are there all of whose digits are all distinct
and odd? Note that 795 is such a number, but 757 is not.
19. Answer: 60
20. How many integers from 1 to 1000 are perfect squares and have the sum of
their decimal digits equal to 9?
20. Answer: 8

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
21. Let N = (201)2 . What is the sum of all the decimal digits of N ?
21. Answer: 9

22. How many integers between 1 and 1000 are divisible by both 6 and 16?
22. Answer: 20
2−3 + 3−3
23. Simplify .
6−3
23. Answer: 35
1 1 1
24. Suppose that + = . If y = 16 and z = 20, what is the value of x?
x y z
24. Answer: −80

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2012

Answers, Blitz Stage

13
1. 6 8. 75 15. 21. 126
3

2. 9 9. 8 16. 55 22. 222

6
3. 80 10. 503 17. 23. 27
11

4. 5 11. 55 18. 60 24. 24

5. 7 12. 8 19. 0 25. 18

1 1 2
6. 13. 20. 26. 102
2 28 3

7. 11.5 14. 65
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2012

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

5
1. 28 5. 18 9.
6
5
2. 168 6. 10. 18
18

3. 14 7. 62 11. 42
√
4. 17 8. 821 12. 5 21
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2012

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 719 6. −2011 11. 17

2. 1134.10 7. 3.16 12. 88

13 7
3. 8. 13. 768
30 15

4. 1 9. 62 14. 1225

5. 14 10. 102, 000, 000 15. 66.7

Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2012

Answers, Blitz Stage

20
1. 8. 9 15. 280 21. 7
11

2. 45 9. 6 16. 170 22. 13

√
3. 16 10. 450 17. 91 23. 225

4. 36 11. 8 18. 70 24. 140

73
5. 2 12. 14 19. 262 25.
648
8 675
6. 13. 120 20. 6 26.
9 196

7. 1 14. 1006
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2012

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

25
1. 42 5. 9. 86
24
3 11 13
2. 6. 10.
7 12 14
√
3 10 − 10
3. 6 7. 11.
8 10
35 32
4. 21 8. 12.
18 33
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2012

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 3200 6. 14 11. 36
11
2. 1.64 7. 30636 12.
12
1
3. 8. 16 13. 15
2
139
4. 5.21 9. 20 14.
1296

5. 54 10. 100 15. 44

Canadian Math Challengers Society
2013 Canadian Math Challengers Regional Questions
Blitz, Page 1

1. Evaluate the sum (−5) + (−3) + (−1) + 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9. 1.

2. There are 7 marbles in a box, of which exactly 2 are white. One 2.

marble is selected at random. What is the probability it is non-white?
Express the answer as a common fraction.

3. The ferry left Tsawwassen at 2:33 PM, and arrived at Swartz Bay at 3. minutes
4:14 PM the same day. How many minutes was the trip?

4. One angle of an isosceles triangle is 102◦ . What is the measure, in 4. degrees

degrees, of another angle of the triangle?
102

5. 10% of 20 plus 20% of 30 is how many % of 40? 5. %

1
6. Express 2
+ 23 + 3
4
as a common fraction. 6.

230
7. Round to the nearest integer. 7.
17
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. The sum of all the edge lengths of a cube is 36. What is the volume 8. units 3
of the cube?

9. What is the value of the smallest integer whose square root is greater 9.
than 5.5?

10. Three fair coins are tossed. What is the probability of getting exactly 10.
2 heads? Express the answer as a common fraction.

11. What is the value of the sum 11.

1000 − 999 + 998 − 997 + · · · + 4 − 3 + 2 − 1?

12. Two fair dice are rolled. What is the probability that the sum of the 12.
numbers obtained is 6? Express the answer as a common fraction.

13. The combined cost of one candy, one chocolate bar, and one cookie is 13. $
$2.71. The combined cost of one candy, one chocolate bar, and three
cookies is $5.25. The combined cost of one candy, two chocolate bars,
and three cookies is $6.36. What is the cost of one candy? Give the
answer in $, correct to two decimal places.

14. The 8 points below represent the vertices of a regular octagon. These 14. lines
vertices are alternately painted red and blue. Lines are drawn joining
every pair of points. How many of these lines contain a red point and
a blue point?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. A number is put in each of the small rectangles below so that the 15.
number in any small rectangle is equal to the sum of the numbers in
the two rectangles that it sits on. What number should be put in the
rectangle labelled “?”?
121

1 ? 36

16. On Monday, 40 of the 50 students in the math class took a test. Their 16.
mean score was 60. On Tuesday, the remaining 10 students took the
test. Their mean score was 95 (they had seen the questions). What
was the mean class score on the test?

17. Sprinter Bolt ran 100 metres in 10 seconds. What was his average 17. km/hour
speed in km/hour?

18. Last summer, Alfie earned $726 working at $11.00 per hour, and 18. $/hr
another $726 working at an hourly rate which is 50% higher. What
was Alfie’s average wage per hour last summer? Give your answer in
dollars per hour, to 2 decimal places.

19. Four straight lines pass through a circular disk. What is the largest 19. regions
possible number of regions that these lines divide the disk into?

20. A lidless 4 × 4 × 4 box is completely filled with 1 × 1 × 1 cubes. How 20. cubes
many of the 1 × 1 × 1 cubes touch a side or the bottom of the box?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. When it was set out, the bowl of mixed nuts was (by weight) 45% 21. percent
peanuts, 25% almonds, 20% cashews, and 10% hazelnuts. Alicia
picked out all the almonds and ate them. What percent (by weight)
of the nuts in the bowl are now peanuts?

22. There is an integer N such that N 3 = 79, 507. What is the value of 22.
N?

23. Each line segment has length 1. You are only allowed to walk in 23. paths
the direction of the arrows, and must always walk full segments. At
any intersection, you can walk in any allowed direction, regardless of
where you came from. How many paths of total length 9 are there
from A to B ?

A B

24. What is the x-coordinate of the point P on the x-axis such that the 24.
distance from P to the origin is the same as the distance from P
to the point with coordinates (1/2, 1/3)? Express the answer as a
common fraction.

25. Two fair dice are rolled. What is the average value of the non-negative 25.
difference between the numbers showing on the two dice? Express the
answer as a common fraction.

26. In the diagram below, the two figures that look like squares are 26. units 2
squares, with sides 12 and 13 respectively. What is the area of the
shaded triangle? Express the answer as a common fraction.

12

13
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Assume that the Olympic village cost $1,120,000,000 and housed 2800 1. dollars
people during the Vancouver Olympics. What was the cost, in dollars,
per person housed during the Olympics?

2. When Alicia’s car is going at 90 km per hour, it uses 12 litres of gas 2. litres/min
to travel 100 km. How many litres of gas does it use per minute?
Give the answer as a decimal, to 2 decimal places.

3. It takes 12 hours to fill the pool with taps A and B (combined). It 3. hours
takes 36 hours with tap A alone, and it takes 8 hours with taps A,
B, and C combined. How many hours would it take to fill the pool
with tap C alone?

1
4. A car is travelling at 96 km per hour. The radius of its wheels is 4. deg/sec
π
metres. How fast are its wheels rotating in degrees per second?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. How many five-letter “words” are there which use only the letters A 5. words
and/or B, and in which there are no consecutive occurrences of B?
(For example, AAAAA and ABAAB qualify, but ABBAB does not.)

6. Evaluate the cube root of 24 × 30 × 36 × 40 × 45. 6.

√
5−1
7. To six decimal places, = 0.618034. What common fraction 7.
2 √
a 5−1
, where 2 ≤ b ≤ 10, is nearest to ? For example, an answer
b 2
4
of is wrong, but is of the right shape.
9

8. Twenty-seven 1 × 1 × 1 cubes are coloured using 27 different colours, 8.

one colour to each cube. Red and green are two of the colours. The
27 cubes are assembled at random to make a 3 × 3 × 3 cube. What
is the probability that the red cube and the green cube meet face to
face? Express the answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. It is late afternoon, and a 1.2 metre tall child casts a 3 metre shadow. 9. metres
The child is standing next to an upright telephone pole, which casts
a 40 metre shadow. What is the height, in metres, of the telephone
pole?

10. In the chessboard below, the distance from point A to point B is 10. cm
33 cm. What is the length, in cm, of a side of one of the 64 little
squares on the chessboard? Express the answer as a common fraction.
B

11. A line passes through the points (−1, 10), and (2, −9). If 5x+by = c 11.
is an equation of the line, what is the value of b? Express the answer
as a common fraction.

12. In 4ABC , the heights from A and from B are each equal to 4. Side 12. units
AB is equal to 5. Given that 4ABC is not right-angled, what is
the perimeter of 4ABC ? Express the answer as a common fraction.
C

4 4

A B
5
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. The digit-sum of a positive integer is the sum of its decimal digits. 1. integers
For example, the digit-sum of 135 is 9. How many integers between
100 and 999 have digit-sum equal to 5?

2. Define the sequence a1 , a2 , a3 , . . . as follows: a1 = 0, and for every 2.

2 2
positive integer n, an+1 = . Thus for example a2 = = 2.
1 + an 1+0
Express a5 as a common fraction.

3. How many perfect squares between 1 and 1,000,000 have 5, 6, 7, or 3.

8 as their units digit?

4. Suppose that the line with equation x + y = k passes through the 4.

midpoint of the line segment that goes from the point (1, 7) to the
point (9, 11). What is the value of k ?

5. The sum of the ages of six brothers (all of different integer ages) is a 5.
power of 5. The product of their ages is neither a multiple of 5 nor a
multiple of 3. What is the least possible age of the oldest brother?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

6. For any real number x, bxc (the integer part of x) is the greatest 6. integers
integer which is less than or equal to x. For example, b17.72c = 17,
and b13c = 13. How many different integers are there in the list
           
100 100 100 100 100 100
, , , , ......, , ?
1 2 3 4 99 100

7. Scientists have recently discovered an Earth-like planet 128 × 1012 7. century

km away and decided to design a self-sustained spaceship that can
travel for generations and send a human expedition to that planet.
Based on current technology, spaceships can be designed to travel
at a constant speed of 1.25% of the speed of light (after an initial
stage of acceleration to this speed). Assume that the speed of light is
300000 km/sec, and ignore the time and distance the space ship has
to travel until it reaches cruising speed. Assume also that a year has
exactly 360 days and that the ship is to be launched in the year 2050
(exactly halfway through the 21st century). In what century will the
space ship reach its destination?

8. In Question #7, how many hours (rounded to the nearest whole hour) 8. hours
will it take for the spaceship to reach its cruising speed of 1.25% of
the speed of light if it accelerates at a constant rate of 10m/sec 2 .

9. In Question #8, how many km will the spaceship travel until it 9. km

reaches its cruising speed? Give the answer in scientific notation,
correct to 3 significant digits. So an answer like 6.24 × 105 is of the
right shape.

10. The number 360000 has 105 positive factors. (Note that 1 and 360000 10. factors
are two of these factors.) How many of these 105 factors are divisible
by 4?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

11. Ten people, Alan and Beti and 8 others, are divided at random into 11.
two groups, one with 4 people and the other with 6 people. What
is the probability that Alan and Beti end up in the same group?
Express the answer as a common fraction.

12. There are 12 square tiles. Each has one letter written on it. The 12 12. words
letters are C, C, H, K, K, K, M, O, O, S, U, and U. The tiles are
arranged to form the word SKOOKUMCHUCK. How many distinct
“words” (which need not be words in any language) can be formed by
interchanging two of the tiles? Note that SKOOKUMCHUCK itself
is such a word, since it can be obtained by interchanging the two tiles
that have a C on them, and in other ways.

13. A regular hexagon is inscribed in a semicircle of radius 1 as shown. 13. units 2

What is the area of the hexagon? Please give the answer rounded to
4 places after the decimal point.

14. How many ordered pairs (a, b) are there such that a and b are pos- 14. pairs
itive integers and the least common multiple of a and b is 72? Re-
member that for example the ordered pair (18, 24) is different from
the ordered pair (24, 18), and don’t forget the ordered pair (72, 72).

15. A box contains N marbles, of which 2 are white and N −2 are black. 15.
You know that if you take out 3 marbles at random from the box,
1
the probability that exactly 2 of them are white is 210 . What is the
value of N ?
Math Challeng

MATH CHALLENGERS
Math Challeng
Math Challengers
Regional Competition
Face-off Round 2013
Math Challeng
A question always follows a blue page. The next
page is blue!
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
1. What is the cube root of 100, rounded to the
nearest integer?
Math Challeng
1. What is the cube root of 100, rounded to the
nearest integer?
Answer: 5
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
1
2. What common fraction is halfway between
6
1
and ?
8
Math Challeng
1
2. What common fraction is halfway between
6
1
and ?
8
7
Answer:
48
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
3. Call a prime p additive if the sum of the decimal
digits of p is also prime. What is the smallest
additive prime greater than 30?
Math Challeng
3. Call a prime p additive if the sum of the decimal
digits of p is also prime. What is the smallest
additive prime greater than 30?
Answer: 41
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
9 16
4. Let A = 0.84, let B = and let C = .
11 19
Which is largest, A, B, or C ?
Math Challeng
9 16
4. Let A = 0.84, let B = and let C = .
11 19
Which is largest, A, B, or C ?
16
Answer: C or
19
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
5. The restaurant meal cost $25.25, plus 12% tax.
How many dollars did the meal cost, including tax?
Give the answer in dollars, to the nearest cent.
Math Challeng
5. The restaurant meal cost $25.25, plus 12% tax.
How many dollars did the meal cost, including tax?
Give the answer in dollars, to the nearest cent.
Answer: 28.28 (dollars)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
6. On April 1, 2013, sunrise in Kelowna is at 7:00
AM, and sunset is at 7:36 PM. At what time is it
exactly halfway between sunrise and sunset?
Math Challeng
6. On April 1, 2013, sunrise in Kelowna is at 7:00
AM, and sunset is at 7:36 PM. At what time is it
exactly halfway between sunrise and sunset?
Answer: 1 : 18 (PM) or 13 : 18
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
7. The sum of three consecutive even integers is
30. What is the product of the three integers?
Math Challeng
7. The sum of three consecutive even integers is
30. What is the product of the three integers?
Answer: 960
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
8. If 5x − 4x + 3x − 2x + x = 180, what is the
value of x ?
Math Challeng
8. If 5x − 4x + 3x − 2x + x = 180, what is the
value of x ?
Answer: 60
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
9. Evaluate 0.128 × 125.
Math Challeng
9. Evaluate 0.128 × 125.
Answer: 16
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
10. Suppose that A1 = 11 and An+1 = An + 7 for
any integer n. What is the value of A10?
Math Challeng
10. Suppose that A1 = 11 and An+1 = An + 7 for
any integer n. What is the value of A10?
Answer: 74
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
11. One dozen scarlet splendor roses cost $98. At
the same price per rose, what the cost in dollars of
two and a half dozen scarlet splendor roses?
Math Challeng
11. One dozen scarlet splendor roses cost $98. At
the same price per rose, what the cost in dollars of
two and a half dozen scarlet splendor roses?
Answer: 245 (dollars)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
12. The figure shown is a regular 8-sided polygon,
with two of the diagonals drawn. Altogether, how
many diagonals does a regular 8-sided polygon
have?
Math Challeng
12. The figure shown is a regular 8-sided polygon,
with two of the diagonals drawn. Altogether, how
many diagonals does a regular 8-sided polygon
have?

Answer: 20 (diagonals)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
13. What is the largest integer N such that
N 3 < 2013?
Math Challeng
13. What is the largest integer N such that
N 3 < 2013?
Answer: 12
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
14. Rounded to the nearest integer, 4 out of every
9 students who participate in the Regional advance
to the Provincial. If 500 students participate in the
Regional, how many will participate in the
Provincial?
Math Challeng
14. Rounded to the nearest integer, 4 out of every
9 students who participate in the Regional advance
to the Provincial. If 500 students participate in the
Regional, how many will participate in the
Provincial?
Answer: 222 (students)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
15. A circle has radius 10 cm. To the nearest cm,
what is the circumference of the circle?
Math Challeng
15. A circle has radius 10 cm. To the nearest cm,
what is the circumference of the circle?
Answer: 63 (cm)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
111111
16. What is the value of ?
3
Math Challeng
111111
16. What is the value of ?
3
Answer: 37037
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
17. 21% of x is 105. What is the value of x ?
Math Challeng
17. 21% of x is 105. What is the value of x ?
Answer: 500
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
18. In the region below, all angles that look like
right-angles are right angles, and dimensions of four
of the sides are 7, 17, 17, and 7 as shown. What is
the area of the region?
17 17

7 7
Math Challeng
18. In the region below, all angles that look like
right-angles are right angles, and dimensions of four
of the sides are 7, 17, 17, and 7 as shown. What is
the area of the region?
17 17

7 7
Answer: 189
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
19. A box contains 2 red balls and 2 blue balls.
We remove 2 of the balls, chosen at random. What
is the probability the 2 balls are of the same colour?
Express the answer as a common fraction.
Math Challeng
19. A box contains 2 red balls and 2 blue balls.
We remove 2 of the balls, chosen at random. What
is the probability the 2 balls are of the same colour?
Express the answer as a common fraction.
1
Answer:
3
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
20. What is the average of the numbers −20,
−10, 0, 10, 20, and 30?
Math Challeng
20. What is the average of the numbers −20,
−10, 0, 10, 20, and 30?
Answer: 5
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
21. A palindromic prime is a prime that remains
unchanged when its decimal digits are reversed. For
example, 11 is a palindromic prime. What is the
smallest palindromic prime which is greater than 11?
Math Challeng
21. A palindromic prime is a prime that remains
unchanged when its decimal digits are reversed. For
example, 11 is a palindromic prime. What is the
smallest palindromic prime which is greater than 11?
Answer: 101
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
22. Two standard dice are rolled. What is the
probability that the sum of the numbers showing is
equal to 10? Express the answer as a common
fraction.
Math Challeng
22. Two standard dice are rolled. What is the
probability that the sum of the numbers showing is
equal to 10? Express the answer as a common
fraction.
1
Answer:
12
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
23. Call a prime number p lonely if neither p − 6
nor p + 6 is prime. What is the smallest lonely
prime which is greater than 50?
Math Challeng
23. Call a prime number p lonely if neither p − 6
nor p + 6 is prime. What is the smallest lonely
prime which is greater than 50?
Answer: 71
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
24. The year 2013 has 365 days, and the first two
months have a total of 59 days. How many days are
there in the last 10 months of the year?
Math Challeng
24. The year 2013 has 365 days, and the first two
months have a total of 59 days. How many days are
there in the last 10 months of the year?
Answer: 306 (days)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
25. A box has the shape of a triangular prism. The
base of the box is a triangle with sides 6 inches, 8
inches, and 10 inches. The height of the box is 6
inches. What is the volume of the box, in cubic
inches?
Math Challeng
25. A box has the shape of a triangular prism. The
base of the box is a triangle with sides 6 inches, 8
inches, and 10 inches. The height of the box is 6
inches. What is the volume of the box, in cubic
inches?
Answer: 144 (cubic inches)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
26. An isosceles trapezoid has sides 15, 5, 7, and 5
as shown. What is the area of the trapezoid?
7
5 5
15
Math Challeng
26. An isosceles trapezoid has sides 15, 5, 7, and 5
as shown. What is the area of the trapezoid?
7
5 5
15
3
Answer: 33 (units )
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
27. What is the sum of the positive integers that
divide 18?
Math Challeng
27. What is the sum of the positive integers that
divide 18?
Answer: 39
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
28. The length of a narrow field is 6 times the
width of the field. If the length of the field is 99
metres, what is the perimeter of the field?
Math Challeng
28. The length of a narrow field is 6 times the
width of the field. If the length of the field is 99
metres, what is the perimeter of the field?
Answer: 231 (metres)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
29. One of the angles of a triangle is 120◦. Of the
other two angles, one has measure 4 times the
measure of the other. What is the degree measure
of the smallest angle of the triangle?
Math Challeng
29. One of the angles of a triangle is 120◦. Of the
other two angles, one has measure 4 times the
measure of the other. What is the degree measure
of the smallest angle of the triangle?

Answer: 12 (degrees)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
30. What is the first year after 2013 that has digit
sum equal to 13?
Math Challeng
30. What is the first year after 2013 that has digit
sum equal to 13?
Answer: 2029
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
31. What is the measure, in degrees, of the angle
between the hour hand and the minute hand of a
clock at 1:10?
Math Challeng
31. What is the measure, in degrees, of the angle
between the hour hand and the minute hand of a
clock at 1:10?
Answer: 25
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
32. What is the smallest positive integer n such
that n! > n3 ?
Math Challeng
32. What is the smallest positive integer n such
that n! > n3 ?
Answer: 6
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
33. What is the value of

999 − 997 + 995 − 993 + · · · + 7 − 5 + 3 − 1?

Math Challeng
33. What is the value of

999 − 997 + 995 − 993 + · · · + 7 − 5 + 3 − 1?

Answer: 500
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
3
34. The surface area of a cube is square metres.
2
What is the volume of the cube, in cubic metres?
Express the answer as a common fraction.
Math Challeng
3
34. The surface area of a cube is square metres.
2
What is the volume of the cube, in cubic metres?
Express the answer as a common fraction.
1
Answer: (cubic metres)
8
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
35. What is the value of 1122 − 1082?
Math Challeng
35. What is the value of 1122 − 1082?
Answer: 880
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
36. Suppose that n is a positive integer such that
two-thirds of n2 is a perfect cube. If n < 100, what
is the value of n?
Math Challeng
36. Suppose that n is a positive integer such that
two-thirds of n2 is a perfect cube. If n < 100, what
is the value of n?
Answer: 18
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
37. The sides of a quadrilateral have length 9, 10,
11, and x . Given that x is an integer, what is the
largest possible value of x ?
Math Challeng
37. The sides of a quadrilateral have length 9, 10,
11, and x . Given that x is an integer, what is the
largest possible value of x ?
Answer: 29
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2013 Canadian Math Challengers Provincial Questions
Blitz, Page 1

1. Two fair dice are rolled. What is the probability that the sum of 1.
the two numbers obtained is 8? Express the answer as a common
fraction.

2. A square is inscribed in a circle of radius 11. What is the area of the 2. units 2
square?

3. What is the integer nearest to (8.5)2 ? 3.

37
4. Express as a decimal, correct to 2 decimal digits. 4.
91

5. Albert took the same algebra test a total of 3 times. Each time he 5. questions
took the test, the number of questions he answered correctly increased
by 50%. If on the last test he got 36 of the 70 questions right, how
many questions did he get right the first time he took the test?

33 − 32 − 31
6. Express as a common fraction. 6.
23 − 22 − 21

7. In 2009, Albert’s wage was decreased by 20%. Recently, the resulting 7. percent
wage was increased by 20%. By how many percent is Albert’s current
wage smaller than his pre-2009 wage?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
7! − 6! − 5!
8. Evaluate . 8.
6! − 5!

11 9
9. What common fraction is equal to + − 2? 9.
9 11

10. Let A be the sum of the odd integers from 1 to 39 (inclusive), and 10.
let B be the sum of the odd integers from 41 to 79 (inclusive). What
is the value of B − A?

11. The sum of two consecutive primes is divisible by 2 but not by 4. 11.
What is the smallest possible value of this sum?

12. Given that the least common multiple of the numbers 8, 10, and n 12.
is 80, what is the smallest possible positive value of n?

13. Given that x2 = 0.2, what is the value of x−4 ? 13.

14. The hypotenuse of a right triangle has length 25 inches. The shorter 14. inches
leg of triangle has length 7 inches. What is the length, in inches, of
the longer leg of the triangle?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. A regular pentagon is inscribed in a circle. You connect any two 15. regions
corners with a straight line. Into how many regions is the circle
divided?

16. If x and y are real numbers such that x + y = 11 and xy = 13, what 16.
is the value of x2 + y 2 ?

17. Every interior angle of a many-sided regular polygon has measure 160 17. sides
degrees. How many sides does the polygon have?

18. A loonie (1 dollar coin) weighs 4 times as much as a dime (10 cent 18. dollars
coin). Bag A contains only loonies, bag B contains 5 times as many
dimes as loonies, but no other coins or notes. Bags A and B have ex-
actly the same weight. If bag A contains 45 dollars’ worth of loonies,
what is the value, in dollars, of the dimes in Bag B?

19. Let N be the smallest positive integer whose first 4 digits are 2, 0, 19.
1, 0 (in that order) and which is divisible by 45. What is the value
N
of ?
45

20. How many numbers from 100 to 999 contain the digit 8 exactly once? 20. numbers
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. A card is removed from a well-shuffled standard 52-card deck, and 21.
then a second card is removed. What is the probability the second
card is of the same kind as the first card (so if the first card was a
7, the second should be a 7, if the first card was a King, the second
card should be a King, and so on. Express the answer as a common
fraction. Note that there are 4 cards of each kind.

22. You have 6 tables, whose tops are congruent equilateral triangles, 22. perimeters
and have guests coming for dinner. You are allowed to join tables
together into one or more groups, but if you do, edges of tables that
are put together must match up, full edge to full edge. How many
different perimeters can we obtained by combining tables in this way?

23. A quadrilateral is a closed curve made up of 4 line segments. (It does 23. points
not include the “inside,” and need not be convex.) If two quadrilater-
als have finitely many points in common, what is the largest possible
number of common points?

24. What is the smallest possible value of n2 − 17n + 100 as n ranges 24.
over the integers?

25. The rectangle below is made up of twelve 1×1 squares. Three points, 25. numbers
each of which is a vertex of a square, are chosen. Suppose these three
points do not all lie on the same line. Form the triangle that has
these three points as vertices. How many different numbers are there
which could be the area of such a triangle?

26. You throw a fair coin 6 times. The total number of heads you got is 26.
less than 5. What is the probability that the total number of heads is
less than the total number of tails? Express the answer as a common
fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. A rod is 5.5 yards, and a furlong is 220 yards. How many rods are 1. rods
there in 6 furlongs?

2. For every 3 samosas bought at the full price of 40 cents for each 2. samosas
samosa, a store offers 2 samosas at half price. What is the largest
number of samosas that Alicia can buy for less than $9?

3. In a college class of 60 people, there are 20 men and 40 women. 3.

Eighty percent of the men, and fifty percent of the women, are wear-
ing jeans. If a jean wearer in the class is chosen at random, what
is the probability that the chosen person is a woman? Express the
answer as a common fraction.

4. Alicia and Beth differ in weight by 20 pounds. Beth and Gamal differ 4. pounds
in weight by 30 pounds. And Gamal and Delbert differ in weight by
6 pounds. What is the least possible weight difference between Alicia
and Delbert?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. What is the sum of all the distinct prime factors of 8888? (For 5.
example, the sum of the distinct prime factors of 12 is 5.)

6. Three dice are tossed, two red ones and a blue one. What is the 6.
probability that the number showing on the blue die matches at least
one number showing on a red die? Express the answer as a common
fraction.

7. At a restaurant buffet, there are four flavours of ice cream available: 7. ways
durian, lime, mango, and orange. In how many ways can Alan choose
two scoops of ice cream? (Durian and lime is the same way as lime
and durian, and Alan can choose two scoops of the same flavour.)

8. What is the sum of all the positive factors of 2013? Note that 1 and 8.
2013 are factors of 2013.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. All the shapes that look like squares are squares. Each side of the 9. cm 2
largest square is 8 cm. What is the area, in cm 2 , of the shaded
region?

10. Approximately how much greater is the circumference of a circle of 10. metres
diameter 10007 metres than the circumference of a circle of diameter
10000 metres? Round the answer to the nearest metre.

11. A line has equation y = mx − 6. The line passes through the point 11.
(4, 10). If the x-ccordinate of a point on the line is 10, what is the
y-coordinate of that point?

12. A cube with sides 1 is inscribed in a cone whose base has radius 1 in 12.
such a way that one face of the cube is in the base of the cone, and
the other four vertices are on the curved surface of the cone. The
√
volume of the cone is πx. Find x. Express the answer as r + s z,
where r and s are common fractions and z is an integer.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

√
32 − 22 − 2 32 + 15 − ( 100 + 5)
1. Let A = √ √ and let B = . 1.
( 2 × 32 2) − 2 22 + 2
A
Express as a common fraction.
B

2. The coordinates of three of the vertices of a rhombus are (20, 0), 2.

(3, 3), and (0, 20). What is the sum of the x and y coordinates of
the fourth vertex?

3. Let A be the set consisting of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. In 3. subsets

symbols, A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}. Call a subset of A good if it contains
two numbers that add up to 5. So {1, 4} is good, and {1, 3, 4} is
also good. How many good subsets of A are there? Note that A is a
subset of A.

4. You are allowed to use pennies, nickels, dimes, quarters, loonies (1$) 4.
and toonies (2$) to make any sum of money using two rules. (a) You
are not allowed to use more than 4 pennies; (b) if you use more than
6 of one kind of coin, then you are not allowed to use more than three
of any other kind. For example, you are allowed to use 7 toonies, 3
loonies, and one each of the other kinds, but you are not allowed
to use 7 toonies, 4 nickels, and 3 each of the other kinds. What is
the smallest amount of money that you cannot make? Express your
answer in dollars correct to 2 decimal digits.

5. A rhombus ABCD has sides 1, and ∠DAB is 60◦ . A circle is tangent 5. units 2
to line BC at B, and is tangent to the line segment AD at a point
E between A and D.Find the area of the region which is inside the
rhombus and also inside the circle. Express the area as a decimal,
correct to 3 places after the decimal point.
D
E
A C

B
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

6. A ball is dropped from a height of 20 metres. Each time it hits the 6. times
floor, it bounces to 89 of its previous height. How many times does
the ball hit the floor until and including the first time it cannot reach
a height of 1 metre?

7. The basin of the Yukon River is 476237 km 2 . (That means that all 7. km 3
the rainfall in that region is drained by that river.) The average yearly
rainfall in the basin is 642 mm, and on average 13% of the rainfall
is carried by the river to the ocean. How much water on average is
carried by the river to the ocean in one day? Assume that there are
365 days per year. Express your answer in km 3 , correct to 3 places
after the decimal point.

8. In a certain day (24 hour period) the amount of water that was carried 8. m/sec
by the Yukon River to the ocean was 1.200×108 m 3 . At the mouth of
the river (the location where the river meets the ocean), the average
width of the river was 250 m, and its average depth was 6.0 m. (For
simplicity assume that the cross-section of the river at this location
is rectangular.) Assume that the water is flowing at constant speed
through that cross-section. What was the average speed of the water?
Express your answer in m/sec, correct to 3 decimal digits.

9. In stationary water, salmon swim (on average) at the speed of 1.2 9. km

m/sec as long as the temperature of the water is 10.0 degrees Celsius
or less. For each 1 degree rise in water temperature after that, up to
a temperature of 20 degrees, salmons’ speed is reduced by a constant
amount, in such a way that if the temperature is 20 degrees they
cannot swim at all. Salmon can swim up the river for at most 20
days until they reach their spawning ground, and their swimming
speed is reduced by the speed of the river flow. How far can they
reach upriver if the water temperature is 12.0 degrees and if the river
flows at 0.5 m/sec? Express your answer in km, rounded to the
nearest km.

10. You select an integer N from 1 to 100 inclusive, and calculate the 10.
sum from k = 1 to k = N of k 4 , noting the units digit of that
sum. What is the average value of these units digits? Express your
answer correct to 1 digit after the decimal point. So for example an
answer of 6.7 is of the right shape. Hint: Find the units digit for
k = 1, 11, 21, . . . and look for a pattern.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

11. For any integer n > 0, the number T (n) is called the n-th triangular 11.
number if T (n) = 1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + n. What is the smallest positive
integer n such that T (n) has exactly 16 positive factors? Note that
1 and m are factors of the positive integer m.

12. If you toss a fair nickel 100000 times, it lands heads on average 49912 12.
times, tails 49912 times, and on its edge the rest of the time. You
threw the coin 5 times. What is the probability that it landed exactly
3 times on its edge. Express the answer in scientific notation, correct
to 4 significant digits. An answer like 2.047 × 10−5 is of the right
shape.

13. A positive integer is called square-free if it is not divisible by any 13.

perfect square greater than 1. For example, 1, 2, and 6 are square-
free, while 4 and 18 are not. Two fair standard dice are tossed. What
is the probability that the product of the two numbers obtained is
square-free? Express the answer as a common fraction.

14. A convex polygon has 2013 sides. Let N be the largest integer smaller 14. polygons
than 2013 such that N + 1 is prime. Using any N corners of this
polygon as the corners of a new N -sided convex polygon, how many
different N -sided convex polygons can be made? Hint: The correct
answer is 10 digits long.

15. You have a square with side 1, and select a point O at random inside 15.
the square, and draw a circle of radius 1 with O as its centre. What
is the probability that the entire square is inside the circle? Express
the answer as a decimal, correct to 3 decimal places.

O
Math Challeng

MATH CHALLENGERS
Math Challeng
Math Challengers
Provincial Competition
Face-off Round 2013
Math Challeng
A question always follows a blue
page. The next page is blue!
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
1. What is the volume of the cone
with base radius 2 and height 3? Give
the answer to the nearest integer.
Math Challeng
1. What is the volume of the cone
with base radius 2 and height 3? Give
the answer to the nearest integer.
Answer: 13 (units3 )
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
2. What is the smallest perfect
square greater than 600 whose square
root has digit sum equal to 6?
Math Challeng
2. What is the smallest perfect
square greater than 600 whose square
root has digit sum equal to 6?
Answer: 1089
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
3. Which of the following four
numbers is the largest?
33 25 41
0.89
37 28 46
Math Challeng
3. Which of the following four
numbers is the largest?
33 25 41
0.89
37 28 46

25
Answer:
28
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
4. What is the probability of getting
exactly 4 heads in 5 tosses of a fair
coin? Express the answer as a
common fraction.
Math Challeng
4. What is the probability of getting
exactly 4 heads in 5 tosses of a fair
coin? Express the answer as a
common fraction.
5
Answer:
32
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
5. What is the volume, in cubic
centimetres, of a cube whose surface
area is equal to 294 square
centimetres?
Math Challeng
5. What is the volume, in cubic
centimetres, of a cube whose surface
area is equal to 294 square
centimetres?
Answer: 343 (cubic centimetres)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
6. Jane (an Olympic runner) ran 1.5
km in 4 minutes and 10 seconds.
What was her average speed in
metres per second?
Math Challeng
6. Jane (an Olympic runner) ran 1.5
km in 4 minutes and 10 seconds.
What was her average speed in
metres per second?
Answer: 6 (metres per second)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
7. What is the radius of the smallest
circle with integer radius whose area
is larger than 400 square units?
Math Challeng
7. What is the radius of the smallest
circle with integer radius whose area
is larger than 400 square units?
Answer: 12 (units)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
8. Alicia’s auto repair bill is $3000,
of which $1200 is for parts and the
rest for labour. If labour is billed at
$100 per hour, how many hours of
labour were billed?
Math Challeng
8. Alicia’s auto repair bill is $3000,
of which $1200 is for parts and the
rest for labour. If labour is billed at
$100 per hour, how many hours of
labour were billed?
Answer: 18 (hours)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
9. What is the smallest 3-digit
number whose digit sum is the same
as the digit sum of 2013?
Math Challeng
9. What is the smallest 3-digit
number whose digit sum is the same
as the digit sum of 2013?
Answer: 105
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
10. What is the largest prime whose
square is less than 2013?
Math Challeng
10. What is the largest prime whose
square is less than 2013?
Answer: 43
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
11. The sum of 5 different positive
integers is 2013. What is the largest
possible value of any of these 5
integers?.
Math Challeng
11. The sum of 5 different positive
integers is 2013. What is the largest
possible value of any of these 5
integers?.
Answer: 2003
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
12. If 11 cookies cost $11.99, what
is the cost of 5 cookies?
Math Challeng
12. If 11 cookies cost $11.99, what
is the cost of 5 cookies?
Answer:
5.45 (dollars) or 5 dollars and 45 cents
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
13. You roll a die twice. What is
the probability that the sum is 5?
Express the answer as a common
fraction in lowest terms.
Math Challeng
13. You roll a die twice. What is
the probability that the sum is 5?
Express the answer as a common
fraction in lowest terms.
1
Answer:
9
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
14. Among the two-letter “words”
that only use the letters A and/or B
and/or C, how many have exactly
one C?
Math Challeng
14. Among the two-letter “words”
that only use the letters A and/or B
and/or C, how many have exactly
one C?
Answer: 4 (words)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
15. How many integers smaller than
2013 have digit sum equal to 2?
Math Challeng
15. How many integers smaller than
2013 have digit sum equal to 2?
Answer: 10
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
210 − 1
16. Evaluate 5 .
2 −1
Math Challeng
210 − 1
16. Evaluate 5 .
2 −1
Answer: 33
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
17. The diagonals of a rhombus
have lengths 12 and 9. What is the
perimeter of the rhombus?
Math Challeng
17. The diagonals of a rhombus
have lengths 12 and 9. What is the
perimeter of the rhombus?

Answer: 30
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
18. The mean of 20, 21, and 2x is
35. What is the value of x ?
Math Challeng
18. The mean of 20, 21, and 2x is
35. What is the value of x ?
Answer: 32
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
19. Alan has three-sevenths as
much money as Beti, and between
them they have 400 dollars. How
many dollars does Beti have?
Math Challeng
19. Alan has three-sevenths as
much money as Beti, and between
them they have 400 dollars. How
many dollars does Beti have?
Answer: 280 (dollars)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
20. The line with equation
y = mx + 13 goes through the point
(25, 2013). What is the value of m?
Math Challeng
20. The line with equation
y = mx + 13 goes through the point
(25, 2013). What is the value of m?
Answer: 80
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
21. A store has cans of beans on
sale for 89 cents per can. What is the
largest number of cans of beans you
can buy at that store if all you have
is a $10 bill?
Math Challeng
21. A store has cans of beans on
sale for 89 cents per can. What is the
largest number of cans of beans you
can buy at that store if all you have
is a $10 bill?
Answer: 11 (cans)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
22. The side of a square has length
12 inches. What is the length of the
diagonal of this square? Give the
answer in inches, rounded to the
nearest inch.
Math Challeng
22. The side of a square has length
12 inches. What is the length of the
diagonal of this square? Give the
answer in inches, rounded to the
nearest inch.
Answer: 17(inches)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
23. Two fair dice are tossed. What
is the probability that neither number
so obtained is divisible by 3? Express
the answer as a common fraction in
lowest terms.
Math Challeng
23. Two fair dice are tossed. What
is the probability that neither number
so obtained is divisible by 3? Express
the answer as a common fraction in
lowest terms.
4
Answer:
9
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
24. The sides of a triangle are
integers. The perimeter of the
triangle is 100. What is the smallest
possible length of the largest side of
the triangle?
Math Challeng
24. The sides of a triangle are
integers. The perimeter of the
triangle is 100. What is the smallest
possible length of the largest side of
the triangle?
Answer: 34
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
25. For every integer n ≥ 1, the
sum of the first n terms of a
sequence is equal to n2. What is the
10-th term of the sequence?
Math Challeng
25. For every integer n ≥ 1, the
sum of the first n terms of a
sequence is equal to n2. What is the
10-th term of the sequence?
Answer: 19
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
26. What is the value of
42 + 52 + 62 ?
Math Challeng
26. What is the value of
42 + 52 + 62 ?
Answer: 77
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
27. The area of circle A is 36% less
than the area of circle B. By how
many percent is the circumference of
B more than the circumference of A?
Math Challeng
27. The area of circle A is 36% less
than the area of circle B. By how
many percent is the circumference of
B more than the circumference of A?
Answer: 25 (percent)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
1
5
− 61
28. Simplify 1 1 .
15 − 16
Math Challeng
1
5
− 61
28. Simplify 1 1 .
15 − 16
Answer: 8
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
29. If x /4 is the reciprocal of
x 2/16, what is the value of x ?
Math Challeng
29. If x /4 is the reciprocal of
x 2/16, what is the value of x ?
Answer: 4
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
30. At the Provincial, each of the
26 Blitz questions is worth 1 point
and each Bull’s Eye question is worth
2. The maximum total points
achievable is 50. Ana’s total mark
was 31 points and she answered
correctly 50% of the Bull’s Eye
questions. How many Blitz questions
did she answer correctly?
Math Challeng
30. At the Provincial, each of the
26 Blitz questions is worth 1 point
and each Bull’s Eye question is worth
2. The maximum total points
achievable is 50. Ana’s total mark
was 31 points and she answered
correctly 50% of the Bull’s Eye
questions. How many Blitz questions
did she answer correctly?
Answer: 19
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2013

Answers, Blitz Stage

1. 16 8. 27 15. 42 21. 60
5
2. 9. 31 16. 67 22. 43
7
3
3. 101 10. 17. 36 23. 14
8
13
4. 39 11. 500 18. 13.20 24.
36
5 35
5. 20 12. 19. 11 25.
36 18
23 245
6. 13. 0.33 20. 52 26.
12 24

7. 14 14. 16
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2013

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 400000 5. 13 9. 16
33
2. 0.18 6. 360 10.
10
5 15
3. 24 7. 11.
8 19
2 40
4. 4800 8. 12.
13 3
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2013

Answers, Co-op Stage

7
1. 15 6. 19 11.
15
10
2. 7. 32 12. 61
11

3. 300 8. 104 13. 0.7994

4. 14 9. 7.03 × 108 14. 35

5. 28 10. 75 15. 36
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2013

Answers, Blitz Stage

5 1
1. 8. 7 15. 16 21.
36 17
4
2. 242 9. 16. 95 22. 7
99

3. 72 10. 800 17. 18 23. 16

4. 0.41 11. 18 18. 10 or 10.00 24. 28

5. 16 12. 16 19. 4467 25. 12

15 22
6. 13. 25 20. 225 26.
2 57

7. 4 14. 24
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2013

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 240 5. 114 9. 8
11
2. 27 6. 10. 22
36
5
3. 7. 10 11. 34
9
2 1√
4. 4 8. 2976 12. + 2
3 3
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2013

Answers, Co-op Stage

1
1. 6. 26 11. 15
2

2. 34 7. 0.109 12. 5.433 × 10−8

17
3. 14 8. 0.926 13.
36

4. 20.49 9. 795 14. 1357477286

5. 0.474 10. 4.5 15. 0.315

Canadian Math Challengers Society
2014 Canadian Math Challengers Regional Questions
Blitz, Page 1

1. Evaluate the sum (−5) + (−3) + (−1) + 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9. 1.

2. There are 7 marbles in a box, of which exactly 2 are white. One 2.

marble is selected at random. What is the probability it is non-white?
Express the answer as a common fraction.

3. The ferry left Tsawwassen at 2:33 PM, and arrived at Swartz Bay at 3. minutes
4:14 PM the same day. How many minutes was the trip?

4. One angle of an isosceles triangle is 102◦ . What is the measure, in 4. degrees

degrees, of another angle of the triangle?
102

5. 10% of 20 plus 20% of 30 is how many % of 40? 5. %

1
6. Express 2
+ 23 + 3
4
as a common fraction. 6.

230
7. Round to the nearest integer. 7.
17
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. The sum of all the edge lengths of a cube is 36. What is the volume 8. units 3
of the cube?

9. What is the value of the smallest integer whose square root is greater 9.
than 5.5?

10. Three fair coins are tossed. What is the probability of getting exactly 10.
2 heads? Express the answer as a common fraction.

11. What is the value of the sum 11.

1000 − 999 + 998 − 997 + · · · + 4 − 3 + 2 − 1?

12. Two fair dice are rolled. What is the probability that the sum of the 12.
numbers obtained is 6? Express the answer as a common fraction.

13. The combined cost of one candy, one chocolate bar, and one cookie is 13. $
$2.71. The combined cost of one candy, one chocolate bar, and three
cookies is $5.25. The combined cost of one candy, two chocolate bars,
and three cookies is $6.36. What is the cost of one candy? Give the
answer in $, correct to two decimal places.

14. The 8 points below represent the vertices of a regular octagon. These 14. lines
vertices are alternately painted red and blue. Lines are drawn joining
every pair of points. How many of these lines contain a red point and
a blue point?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. A number is put in each of the small rectangles below so that the 15.
number in any small rectangle is equal to the sum of the numbers in
the two rectangles that it sits on. What number should be put in the
rectangle labelled “?”?
121

1 ? 36

16. On Monday, 40 of the 50 students in the math class took a test. Their 16.
mean score was 60. On Tuesday, the remaining 10 students took the
test. Their mean score was 95 (they had seen the questions). What
was the mean class score on the test?

17. Sprinter Bolt ran 100 metres in 10 seconds. What was his average 17. km/hour
speed in km/hour?

18. Last summer, Alfie earned $726 working at $11.00 per hour, and 18. $/hr
another $726 working at an hourly rate which is 50% higher. What
was Alfie’s average wage per hour last summer? Give your answer in
dollars per hour, to 2 decimal places.

19. Four straight lines pass through a circular disk. What is the largest 19. regions
possible number of regions that these lines divide the disk into?

20. A lidless 4 × 4 × 4 box is completely filled with 1 × 1 × 1 cubes. How 20. cubes
many of the 1 × 1 × 1 cubes touch a side or the bottom of the box?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. When it was set out, the bowl of mixed nuts was (by weight) 45% 21. percent
peanuts, 25% almonds, 20% cashews, and 10% hazelnuts. Alicia
picked out all the almonds and ate them. What percent (by weight)
of the nuts in the bowl are now peanuts?

22. There is an integer N such that N 3 = 79, 507. What is the value of 22.
N?

23. Each line segment has length 1. You are only allowed to walk in 23. paths
the direction of the arrows, and must always walk full segments. At
any intersection, you can walk in any allowed direction, regardless of
where you came from. How many paths of total length 9 are there
from A to B ?

A B

24. What is the x-coordinate of the point P on the x-axis such that the 24.
distance from P to the origin is the same as the distance from P
to the point with coordinates (1/2, 1/3)? Express the answer as a
common fraction.

25. Two fair dice are rolled. What is the average value of the non-negative 25.
difference between the numbers showing on the two dice? Express the
answer as a common fraction.

26. In the diagram below, the two figures that look like squares are 26. units 2
squares, with sides 12 and 13 respectively. What is the area of the
shaded triangle? Express the answer as a common fraction.

12

13
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Assume that the Olympic village cost $1,120,000,000 and housed 2800 1. dollars
people during the Vancouver Olympics. What was the cost, in dollars,
per person housed during the Olympics?

2. When Alicia’s car is going at 90 km per hour, it uses 12 litres of gas 2. litres/min
to travel 100 km. How many litres of gas does it use per minute?
Give the answer as a decimal, to 2 decimal places.

3. It takes 12 hours to fill the pool with taps A and B (combined). It 3. hours
takes 36 hours with tap A alone, and it takes 8 hours with taps A,
B, and C combined. How many hours would it take to fill the pool
with tap C alone?

1
4. A car is travelling at 96 km per hour. The radius of its wheels is 4. deg/sec
π
metres. How fast are its wheels rotating in degrees per second?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. How many five-letter “words” are there which use only the letters A 5. words
and/or B, and in which there are no consecutive occurrences of B?
(For example, AAAAA and ABAAB qualify, but ABBAB does not.)

6. Evaluate the cube root of 24 × 30 × 36 × 40 × 45. 6.

√
5−1
7. To six decimal places, = 0.618034. What common fraction 7.
2 √
a 5−1
, where 2 ≤ b ≤ 10, is nearest to ? For example, an answer
b 2
4
of is wrong, but is of the right shape.
9

8. Twenty-seven 1 × 1 × 1 cubes are coloured using 27 different colours, 8.

one colour to each cube. Red and green are two of the colours. The
27 cubes are assembled at random to make a 3 × 3 × 3 cube. What
is the probability that the red cube and the green cube meet face to
face? Express the answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. It is late afternoon, and a 1.2 metre tall child casts a 3 metre shadow. 9. metres
The child is standing next to an upright telephone pole, which casts
a 40 metre shadow. What is the height, in metres, of the telephone
pole?

10. In the chessboard below, the distance from point A to point B is 10. cm
33 cm. What is the length, in cm, of a side of one of the 64 little
squares on the chessboard? Express the answer as a common fraction.
B

11. A line passes through the points (−1, 10), and (2, −9). If 5x+by = c 11.
is an equation of the line, what is the value of b? Express the answer
as a common fraction.

12. In 4ABC , the heights from A and from B are each equal to 4. Side 12. units
AB is equal to 5. Given that 4ABC is not right-angled, what is
the perimeter of 4ABC ? Express the answer as a common fraction.
C

4 4

A B
5
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. The digit-sum of a positive integer is the sum of its decimal digits. 1. integers
For example, the digit-sum of 135 is 9. How many integers between
100 and 999 have digit-sum equal to 5?

2. Define the sequence a1 , a2 , a3 , . . . as follows: a1 = 0, and for every 2.

2 2
positive integer n, an+1 = . Thus for example a2 = = 2.
1 + an 1+0
Express a5 as a common fraction.

3. How many perfect squares between 1 and 1,000,000 have 5, 6, 7, or 3.

8 as their units digit?

4. Suppose that the line with equation x + y = k passes through the 4.

midpoint of the line segment that goes from the point (1, 7) to the
point (9, 11). What is the value of k ?

5. The sum of the ages of six brothers (all of different integer ages) is a 5.
power of 5. The product of their ages is neither a multiple of 5 nor a
multiple of 3. What is the least possible age of the oldest brother?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

6. For any real number x, bxc (the integer part of x) is the greatest 6. integers
integer which is less than or equal to x. For example, b17.72c = 17,
and b13c = 13. How many different integers are there in the list
           
100 100 100 100 100 100
, , , , ......, , ?
1 2 3 4 99 100

7. Scientists have recently discovered an Earth-like planet 128 × 1012 7. century

km away and decided to design a self-sustained spaceship that can
travel for generations and send a human expedition to that planet.
Based on current technology, spaceships can be designed to travel
at a constant speed of 1.25% of the speed of light (after an initial
stage of acceleration to this speed). Assume that the speed of light is
300000 km/sec, and ignore the time and distance the space ship has
to travel until it reaches cruising speed. Assume also that a year has
exactly 360 days and that the ship is to be launched in the year 2050
(exactly halfway through the 21st century). In what century will the
space ship reach its destination?

8. In Question #7, how many hours (rounded to the nearest whole hour) 8. hours
will it take for the spaceship to reach its cruising speed of 1.25% of
the speed of light if it accelerates at a constant rate of 10m/sec 2 .

9. In Question #8, how many km will the spaceship travel until it 9. km

reaches its cruising speed? Give the answer in scientific notation,
correct to 3 significant digits. So an answer like 6.24 × 105 is of the
right shape.

10. The number 360000 has 105 positive factors. (Note that 1 and 360000 10. factors
are two of these factors.) How many of these 105 factors are divisible
by 4?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

11. Ten people, Alan and Beti and 8 others, are divided at random into 11.
two groups, one with 4 people and the other with 6 people. What
is the probability that Alan and Beti end up in the same group?
Express the answer as a common fraction.

12. There are 12 square tiles. Each has one letter written on it. The 12 12. words
letters are C, C, H, K, K, K, M, O, O, S, U, and U. The tiles are
arranged to form the word SKOOKUMCHUCK. How many distinct
“words” (which need not be words in any language) can be formed by
interchanging two of the tiles? Note that SKOOKUMCHUCK itself
is such a word, since it can be obtained by interchanging the two tiles
that have a C on them, and in other ways.

13. A regular hexagon is inscribed in a semicircle of radius 1 as shown. 13. units 2

What is the area of the hexagon? Please give the answer rounded to
4 places after the decimal point.

14. How many ordered pairs (a, b) are there such that a and b are pos- 14. pairs
itive integers and the least common multiple of a and b is 72? Re-
member that for example the ordered pair (18, 24) is different from
the ordered pair (24, 18), and don’t forget the ordered pair (72, 72).

15. A box contains N marbles, of which 2 are white and N −2 are black. 15.
You know that if you take out 3 marbles at random from the box,
1
the probability that exactly 2 of them are white is 210 . What is the
value of N ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2014 Canadian Math Challengers Provincial Questions
Blitz, Page 1
√
1. Round 2014 to the nearest integer. 1.

2. 24 is how many percent of 160? 2. percent

3. You throw 2 dice and the sum is 4. What is the probability that one 3.
of the dice shows a 1? Express the answer as a common fraction.

4. What is the average of the numbers −15, −12, −5, 1, 6, 12, and 20? 4.

5. What is the value, in degrees, of the angle x in the regular pentagon 5. degrees
below?

6. If x2 − y 2 = x + y = 889, then what is the value of x − y? 6.

7. The clock shows a time of 12:20. What is the obtuse angle, in degrees, 7. degrees
formed by the 2 hands of the clock?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. Calculate (3 − 4) + (6 − 7) + (9 − 10) + (12 − 13) + · · · + (999 − 1000). 8.

√
 r  r
a a
9. Evaluate ab − ÷ when a = 17 and b = 13. 9.
b b

10. Tax on restaurant bills is 10% and gratuity is usually 15% on the pre- 10. percent
tax amount. Ellen made the mistake of calculating her tip as 15% of
the post-tax amount. What was the effective pre-tax percentage of
her tip? Express the answer as a percent, correct to 1 place after the
decimal point.

11. Two fair dice are rolled. What is the probability of not getting a 6 11.
on either die? Express the answer as a common fraction.

5x − 4 x − 10 x+9
12. If − = − 3, what is the value of x? Express the 12.
3 4 2
answer as a common fraction.

13. Consider the object below made up of four squares. Each square fits 13. cm
exactly within and is rotated 45 degrees with respect to the next
larger square. If each side of the largest square is 400 cm and many
more squares could be drawn, what would be the perimeter of the
7th largest square?

14. George’s father is 30 years older than George, and is half of his father’s 14. years old
age. If the sum of the ages of all three is 138 years, how old is George?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. A wall of a room has width 5.1 metres and height 2.4 metres. Four 15. cm
large identical-sized pictures cover exactly 1/3 of the area of the wall.
If the vertical dimension of each is 120 cm, what is the horizontal
dimension of each of the pictures (in cm)?

√ √ √ √
16. Simplify√ 50 − 5 8 + 2 + 512. Your answer should have the 16.
shape a 2 where a is an integer.

17. A class of 30 students had a picnic. 20 had pizza, 19 had potato 17. students
chips, and 18 had carrot sticks. 15 of the students had all three
items, and 3 of the students had none of the items. How many of the
students had exactly two items?.

18. The sum of three consecutive multiples of three is 63. What is the 18.
product of these numbers?

19. .Given N = aa1 + bb1 + 1bb, where aa1, bb1, and 1bb are three-digit 19.
natural numbers and a < b. Determine b − a if N = 696.

20. Each of the two semicircles below has radius 6. Their diameters have 20. units 2
an endpoint in common, and are perpendicular to each other . What
is the area of the unshaded region?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. A marathon cross-country skier skis at an average speed of V1 km/hr. 21.
He skis 1/3 of the distance at 10 km/hr, 1/3 at 15 km/hr, and 1/3
at 20 km/hr. If he skied each of the segments faster by 10 km/hr,
V2
his average speed would rise to V2 km/hr. What is the ratio ?
V1
Express the answer as a common fraction.

22. From a group of 6 boys and 5 girls, a delegation of 3 students is 22. ways
chosen, of whom at least one is a girl. In how many ways can this be
done?

23. Let A be the set of all integers from 1 to 2014 (inclusive). What 23. integers
is the largest number of integers that can be chosen from A so that
none is a multiple of 2, 3, or 5?

24. Suppose that a, b, and c are real numbers, and P (x) = ax2 + bx + c. 24.
If P (x + 2) + P (x + 1) − P (x) = 2x2 + 15x + 20, what is the value of
P (10)?

25. Alan rolled two fair dice, then Beti rolled the two dice. What is 25.
the probability that at least one of the numbers Beti got matches a
number that Alan got? Express the answer as a common fraction.

26. A diameter of a circle is one of the sides of an equilateral triangle. 26.

What √fraction of the triangle is inside the circle? Give your answer
as M +K N π , where M , N , and K are integers, and N has no square
factor greater than 1.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Alphonse, Beti, and Gamal each have different amounts of money. If 1.

Alphonse had 3/2 as much money as he has, and Beti had 2/3 as
much as she has, and Gamal’s fortune was unchanged, they would
each have the same amount of money. What common fraction of
their total current combined amount of money does Gamal have?

2. A pipe has radius r at point A and has radius r/2 at point B. Water 2. m/sec
flows through the pipe. Its speed at point A is 5m/sec. What is the
speed of the water through the pipe at B?

A B

3. In the election for Student Council president, there were four candi- 3. votes
dates, A, B, C, and D. Each of the 1000 students voted for one and
only one of these candidates. Candidate A got 40 more votes than
candidate B, 200 votes more than C, and 300 more votes than D.
How many votes did A get?

4. You ride your bike by starting from rest and increasing your speed 4. metres
at a constant rate. You reached 169/196 of the distance 23 seconds
before you reached your final destination. If you travelled 15 metres
in your first 23 seconds, how long (in metres) was your entire travel
distance? Hint: Total distance travelled at any instant is proportional
to the square of the time travelled up to that point.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. Find the largest prime factor of 12! + 14!. 5.

 
7! × 5! 9! 10!
6. Simplify − . 6.
10! 3! × 5! 2! × 7!

7. You start writing down the positive integers in order as follows: 7.

1, 2, 3, 4, . . . , 9, 10, 11, . . . , 99, 100, 101, . . . .

In what number will you write down your 2014-th digit?

8. A fair coin was tossed 5 times, and you know that at least 3 of the 8.
tosses were heads. What is the probability all 5 tosses were heads?
Express the answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
√
9. What is the value of x? Express the answer as a b d , where a and b 9.
are positive integers with no common factor greater than 1, and d is
an integer which is not divisible by any perfect square > 1.

30◦
5

10. A gondola travels up the Grouse Grind. The gondola travels on the 10. m/sec
hypotenuse of the triangle below. The elevation gain of the Ground
Grind is approximately 850 m. The travel distance of the gondola
is 1408 m. The gondola travels about 32 m every 15 seconds. As
the gondola travels, what is the average elevation gain rate in m/sec?
Round your answer to the 1 place after the decimal point.

1408 850

11. The triangle ABC has vertices A(0, 0), B(20, 0) and C(0, 21). The 11. units
point P (a, b) is on BC and AP is perpendicular to BC . What is the
length of AP ? Express the answer as a common fraction.

A B

12. ABCDEF is a regular hexagon with side 1. What √

is the area of 12. units 2
a d
equilateral triangle ACE ? Express the answer as b , where a and
b are positive integers with no common factor greater than 1, and d
is an integer which is not divisible by any perfect square > 1.
E D

F C

A B
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

√ √
1. If (3 − 2)2 is expressed in the form a − b 2, where a and b are 1.
integers, what is the value of a + b?

2. A block of Swiss cheese occupies a volume of 60 cm 3 . It has four 2. cm

equal-sized spherical air bubbles within it and therefore only 80% of
that volume is actually cheese. What is the diameter, in cm, of each
bubble? Give the answer correct to 2 decimal places.

3. Alan, Bono, Camila, and Deidra competed for the position of presi- 3. votes
dent of the community association. The person who finishes last in
a round of votes is eliminated, and those who voted for him or her
transfer their vote to one of the other candidates still left in the race.
The process continues until one candidate gets more than 50% of the
votes. Results of Round One: 240 voted for Alan, 260 for Bono, 270
for Camila, and 230 for Deidra. In Round Two 1/23 of those voted
for the person who was just eliminated (Deidra) transferred their vote
to the person who was leading on the first round, and the other two
candidate each got 11/23 of the votes. In Round Three the transfer
was 25/56 to the winner of Round Two and 31/56 to the person who
came second. What is the total number of votes that the winner of
the election got?

4. A taxi driver pays $124.80 for her taxi for use in her 12-hour shift. 4. km
All of her other costs (fuel, etc.) add up to $0.17/km. The average
fare collected from the passengers is $0.97 per km driven. If she wants
to have a net income of $12.00 per hour for her 12 hours shifts, how
many km does she need to drive on average during any hour of her
shift?

5. 1000 chicken lay on average 4725 eggs in one week (7 days). How 5. eggs
many eggs will a flock of 3500 chicken lay in 1000 days?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

6. You got a loan of $10000 at a certain yearly interest. At the end of 6. percent
the year you repaid 1/6 of the balance owed (including interest). The
balance at the beginning of the second year is now $9000. What was
the yearly interest rate?

7. You can select from the following Canadian coins: 1c, 5c, 10c, 25c, 7.
1$, 2$. What is the smallest amount (in cents) you cannot make with
12 or fewer of these coins?

8. The√following are the√coordinates of the

√ vertices of hexagon
√ ABCDEF
√ : 8. units 2
A( 2,√0), B(6, 6 − 2), C(6, 4 + 3 2), D(4, 4 + 3 2), E(0, 3 2),
F (0, 2). Find the area of the hexagon. Express your answer correct
to 2 decimal places.
D C

E B

F
A

9. There are points inside the hexagon of question 8 which are the fur- 9.
thest away from any point on the boundary of the hexagon. Find the
smallest y-coordinate of any such point. Give the answer correct to
2 decimal places.

10. Find the largest x-coordinate of any point of the type described in 10.
question 9? Give the answer correct to 2 decimal places.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

11. A commercial airplane lands at Vancouver airport (altitude of 0 km). 11. km

It starts its descent from an altitude of 11 km, flying along the hy-
potenuse of the triangle below, which is not drawn to scale. The
airplane reduces its speed at a constant rate from an initial speed of
840 km/hr to 240 km/hr when it touches the ground 37.5 minutes
later. How long is the horizontal distance between the location where
it started its descent and the location where it touches the ground?
Express you answer in km correct to 2 decimal digits.

11

?? YVR
12. A garden has the shape of a right triangle. Its three corners are 12.
located at A(54, 0), B(−b, 0) and C(0, 72), where AB is the hy-
potenuse. Three equally long straight garden paths connect the three
corners to M (x, y). What is the value of x?

13. Consider the set S = {1, 12 , 13 , . . . , 24

1 1
, 25 }. How many ordered triples 13. triples
(a, b, c) of numbers are there such that a, b, and c are in S and
a − b = c and b ≥ c? Please note that (1, 12 , 12 ) and ( 12 , 13 , 16 ) are two
such triples.

14. 5 men and 5 women sit at a round table. You know that 3 of the 14.
women sit next to each other. If you assume that the other two women
took their seats at random, what is the probability that neither of
these two women sits next to a woman? Express the answer as a
common fraction.

15. The triangle below is right-angled. The two circles have radius 2 and 15. units
1 respectively, and the circles and triangle touch as shown. What is
the length of the hypotenuse? Express the answer as a decimal, to
two places after the decimal point.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Provincial 2015, Page 1

1. What is the smallest prime larger than 90? 1.

2. What is the digit sum of 2015? 2.

3. How many different sums can you get when you throw 3 dice? 3. sums

4. Round the area of a circle of diameter 8 to the nearest integer. 4.

5. You add 13 to 10% of N and then you multiply the result by 10 to 5.

get 156. What is the value of N ?

6. What is the smallest 3-digit number all of whose digits are different 6.
and which does not use the digit 1?

7. If the width of a rectangular billboard is 4 times its height, and if its 7. metres
area is 25 m 2 , what is the value of its width, in metres?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. ABCDE is a regular pentagon. What is the value, in degrees, of 8. degrees
angle EAD? C

D B

E A
9. What is the greatest common factor of 42, 12, 18, and 132? 9.

10. What is the least positive common multiple of the numbers in Ques- 10.
tion 9?

11. What is the binary representation of 2015? 11.

12. The first term of a sequence is 0. For n > 1, the n-th term is 12.
n! − (n − 1)!. What is the difference between the 6-th term and the
4-th term?

13. The vertices of a triangle have coordinates (−40.3, 0), (40.3, 0), and 13.
(0, y). What is the positive value of y such that the area of the
triangle is 2015?

1 1 1 1
14. Express 1 + + + + ··· + as a common fraction. 14.
2 4 8 1024
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. Irene went to the store and bought a laptop that was listed for $1000. 15. dollars
The laptop was on sale at 15% off. On the amount after the discount,
she had to pay 12% tax. How many dollars did she pay in total?

16. Let N = 100 × 36 × 63. How many factors does N have? 16. factors

17. The volume of a cylinder is 64000π cm 3 , and its height is 40 cm. 17. cm 2
What is the surface area of the cylinder (including both bases)? Pro-
vide the answer rounded to the nearest 100 cm 2 .

18. The sum of 40 distinct positive integers is equal to 1000. What is 18.
the smallest possible value of the biggest integer?

19. Good garden compound can be made by combining 8 bags of 25 litres 19. percent
topsoil at density of 2/5 kg/litre, 4 bags of 30 litres mushroom com-
post at density of 1/3 kg/litre, and 1 bag of 25 litres of fertilizer at
density of 6/5 kg/litre. By weight, what percentage of the compound
is fertilizer?

20. After mixing, the volume of the compound in Question 19 shrinks to 20. litres
80% of the original combined volumes of the components. What is
the final volume of the compound in litres?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. Round the cube root of 2015 to the nearest integer. 21.

22. A 5 cm diameter cylinder is partially filled with water so that the 22. cm
top surface of the water is 10 cm above the bottom. A tall 2 cm
diameter solid cylinder is inserted in the larger cylinder so that its
bottom touches the bottom of the larger cylinder. What is the new
distance from the surface of the water to the bottom of the larger
cylinder? Express the answer in cm, as a common fraction.

10 cm

before after

23. Frank rents a stand to sell cloth. His average cost for an item is $5.00, 23. dollars
and he has to pay to the owner of the stand 5% of the selling price.
At what price does he have to sell the item so that his net profit per
item sold is $3.00? Give the answer in dollars, correct to 2 places
after the decimal point.

24. Points A(1, 8) and B(10, 4) have been connected by lines to point 24.
X(x, 0). What is the smallest possible value of AX + XB?
A(1, 8)

B(10, 4)

X(x, 0)

25. In Question 24, what is the value of x? 25.

26. For every km that a locomotive goes, it burns 5 litres of fuel. For 26. cars
any car that it pulls, it burns (on average) another 0.15 litres of fuel
per km. A very long train made up of 1 locomotive and many cars is
travelling between 2 refueling stations, a distance of 850 km. If the
fuel capacity of the locomotive is 15470 litres, how many cars can the
train have?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Prov. 2015, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Two tablets cost $50 more than one laptop. If a tablet costs $294, 1. dollars
what is the cost of a laptop, in dollars?

2. A new animal has evolved in Canada. It is 1/4 coyote, 3/32 wolf, 2.

and the rest is dog. What fraction of the animal is dog?

3. The 9 squares in the 3 × 3 magic square below are to be filled in so 3.

that the sum of the three numbers in any row, the sum of the three
numbers in any column, and the sum of the three numbers in each of
the two diagonals, are all the same. Numbers in some of the squares
have already been filled in. Find the number which should be put in
the square labelled “?”.
10 3
?
−3

4. A cargo train carries 4 kinds of products, oil, gas, coal, and potash. 4.
The amount of gas by weight is 1/8 of the amount of oil. The amount
of coal is 1/10 of the combined amounts of potash and gas, and the
amount of potash is 5/6 of the combined amounts of gas and coal.
What fraction of the total amount is the oil?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. The sum of opposite faces of a traditional die is always 7. Two dice 5. sums
are rolled and the sum of the top faces is greater than 8. How many
possible sums can the bottom faces have?

6. As in Question 5, the sum of the top faces is greater than 8. What is 6.

the probability that there is no 1 on any of the bottom faces? Express
the answer as a common fraction.

7. What is the smallest positive integer which is divisible by 45 and 7.

whose decimal representation uses only the digits 0, 1, and 2?

8. How many positive multiples of 3 or 5 or 134 are there that are less 8.
than 2015?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. A square of side a and an equilateral triangle of side b have the same 9.
4
area. Express the value of ab 4 as a common fraction.

a b

10. Railway tracks form the shape of a quarter-circle. The distance be- 10. inches
tween the tracks is 56 inches. How much longer is the outer track
than the inner track? Provide your answer to the nearest inch.

11. Find the area units 2

√ of a regular octagon with side 1. Express your answer 11.
as k (m + n), where k, m, and n are integers and n is prime.

12. A star of David with area A is inscribed in a circle with area 3π. 12.
What is the value of A2 ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Prov. 2015, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured
page. Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. The Fibonacci sequence (Fn ) is defined as follows: F1 = 1, F2 = 1 1.

and for n > 2 by Fn = Fn−1 + Fn−2 . Find the largest n such that
F1 + F2 + F3 + · · · + Fn < 100.

2. In Question 1, what is the value of F1 + F2 + F3 + · · · + F15 ? 2.

3. For every integer n ≥ 1, the sum of the first n terms of a sequence is 3.

equal to n2 . What is the 100-th term of the sequence?

4. A pail is placed outside to catch rainfall. The pail has the shape of a 4. cubic cm
truncated cone with base diameter 30 cm, opening diameter 50 cm,
and a height of 60 cm. Initially the water level is at 10 cm above the
bottom of the pail. A few days later the water has risen to a level
of 20 cm from the bottom of the pail. How many cubic cm of water
were added? Round your answer to the nearest 100 cm 3 .

5. If in Question 4 the rainfall is at the rate of 10 mm/hour, how many 5. hours

hours will it take to fill the entire pail if originally it was empty?
Round your answer to the nearest integer.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

6. How many ordered triples (a, b, c) of real numbers are there such that 6. triples
each of the numbers is the product of the other two? Note that for
example the ordered triple (2, −3, 0) is not the same as the ordered
triple (−3, 0, 2).

7. A group of 50 kids were chatting over the internet. Each of them 7. messages
sent a different odd number of text messages, except for 3 kids who
each sent the same odd number of messages. What is the smallest
number of text messages that could have been sent?

8. Nimoy drives a car starting at a speed of 0 km/h and accelerating at 8. km

a constant rate, and driving along the circular road around CERN
(the Large Hadron Collider). When he finished one circle he reached
a speed of 120 km/h. It took him exactly 1720 seconds to reach that
speed. Find the radius of the circle in km correct to one decimal.

9. You throw three dice. What is the probability that the sum is a 9.
multiple of 5? Express the answer as a common fraction.

10. The class of 1983 has gathered for a reunion in 2015 to celebrate 10. students
their 50-th birthdays (all were born in 1965 which had 365 days). Of
the 365 days, 310 have no birthday of any of the students. K days
have the birthday of 1 student, K − 1 days have the birthdays of 2
students, K − 2 have the birthdays of 3 students, and so on. So 3
days have the birthdays of K − 2 students, 2 days have the birthdays
of K − 1 students, and 1 day has the birthdays of K students. How
many students were in the class of 1983?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

11. Niki generates a 4-character PIN (password) using the allowed 10 11. passwords
digits, 26 lower-case letters, and 26 upper-case letter. She plans to
use exactly 2 (not necessarily different) digits and 2 letters. How
many different passwords can she select from? Examples of valid
passwords: 13Aa, 13aa, A22b, and c3D1.

12. If as in Question 11 Niki plans to use exactly 2 digits and exactly 3 12. passwords
letters for a 5 character password, how many different passwords can
she select from if the 2 digits must be next to each other? Examples
of valid passwords: 00AAb, o12bC, XY98Z.

13. The vertices of triangle ABC have coordinates A(0, 11), B(10.5, 0), 13.
and C(−7, 0). Find the area of 4ABC . Express your answer correct
to 2 decimal places.
A(0, 11)

C(−7, 0) B(10.5, 0)

14. Triangle ABC is as in Question 13. Find the x-coordinate of the 14.
point (x, y) that has the same distances from A, B, and C . Give the
answer correct to 2 decimal places.

15. What is the y-coordinate of the point (x, y) of Question 14? Give 15.
the answer correct to 2 decimal places.
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2014

Answers, Blitz Stage

1. 5 8. 1 15. 5060 21. −2

5
2. 81 9. 1525.5 16. 28 22.
4
170
3. 11 10. 17. 7 23. 2014
77
241 4027
4. 3 11. 10.32 18. 24.
264 2

5. 4 12. 4.8 19. 31 25. 39

√
19 3 3
6. 8 13. 34 20. 26.
18 2
9
7. 15 14.
31
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2014

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 50 5. 45 9. 16
3
2. 58 6. 10 10.
4
50 1 49
3. 7. 11.
3 8 100
120 √
4. 8. 25 12. (7 − 45)π
47
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2014

Answers, Co-op Stage

7
1. 6. 9.45 11. 2.72
720

2. 8 7. 792 12. 55
1
3. 8. 0.973 13. 33
5
13
4. 9. 4 14. 1.006
72

5. 3300 10. 12 15. 11

Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2013

Answers, Blitz Stage

65
1. 45 8. −333 15. 85 21.
37
√
2. 15 9. 12 16. 12 2 22. 145
2
3. 10. 16.5 17. 0 23. 537
3
25
4. 1 11. 18. 9072 24. 231
36
4 37
5. 72 12. 19. 3 25.
11 72
√
9 + 3π
6. 1 13. 200 20. 36 26.
18

7. 110 14. 12
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2013

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage
√
6 10 3
1. 5. 61 9.
19 3

2. 20 6. 24 10. 1.3
420
3. 385 7. 708 11.
29
√
1 3 3
4. 2940 8. 12.
16 4
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2013

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 17 6. 8 11. 337.32

2. 1.79 7. 794 12. −21

3. 505 8. 29.94 13. 20

2
4. 28 9. 3.41 14.
7

5. 2362500 10. 4.00 15. 9.84

Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Regional 2015, Page 1

1. One person is chosen at random from a group of 5 kids, 2 of whom 1.

are girls. What is the probability that the person is a boy? Express
the answer as a common fraction.

2. Let N = 1 + 3 + 5 + 7. What is the value of N ? 2.

3. What is the area of a right-angled triangle whose two smallest sides 3. units 2
are 7 and 16?

16
4. You bought three sandwiches at a cost of $5.75 each. How much 4. dollars
did they cost in total? Express your answer in dollars correct to 2
decimal places.

5. Let N = 20% of 30% of 200. What is the value of N ? 5.

6. Find the average of the terms in the following arithmetic sequence: 6.

5, 9, · · · , 25.

7. What percentage of the rectangle below is shaded? 7. percent

Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Regional 2015, Page 2
8. Two fair dice are rolled. What is the probability that we get the same 8.
number on both dice? Express your answer as a common fraction.

9. The regular hexagon ABCDEF has area 1. What is the area of 9.

4ABF ? Express the answer as a common fraction.
B
A
C
F
D
E

1 2 3
10. Simplify to a single fraction: + + . 10.
2 3 4

243
11. Round 23
to the nearest integer. 11.

12. What is the largest prime that divides both 143 and 195? 12.

13. Cone A has height h and base radius r . Cone B has height 4h and 13.
base radius 3r . What is the ratio of the volume of cone A to the
volume of cone B ? Express your answer as a common fraction.

14. How many factors does 36 have? Note that 1 and 36 are factors of 14. factors
36.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Regional 2015, Page 3
15. The speed of a cargo ship in still water is 10 km/h. If 4 hours are 15. km/h
required for that ship to travel 16 km up a river (against the river’s
current), what is the speed of the river’s current, in km/h?

16. The speed of a cargo ship in still water is 10 km/h. If the ship is 16. minutes
traveling downriver on a river that is flowing at 5 km/h, how many
minutes does it take for the cargo ship to travel 16 km downriver?

3 5 7
17. Express 1×2
− 2×3
+ 3×4
as a common fraction. 17.

18. You bought a book at a cost of 19.78 US dollars. If a Canadian dollar 18. Can. $
is worth 0.92 US dollars, how much did you pay in Canadian dollars?
Give the answer to two decimal places.

19. Two solid concentric rings are connected and the inner ring rotates 19. m/s
at a rate of 2 m/s. If the radii of the rings are 2 m and 5 m, at what
rate does the outer ring rotate (in m/s)?

2π
20. If the inner ring in Question 19 rotates at 3
m/s, what is its rate 20. deg/s
of rotation in degrees per second?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Regional 2015, Page 4
21. In a class of 29 students, 19 got an A in Math. Of the students who 21.
did not get an A in Math, four-fifths did not get an A in Language
Arts. Overall, 17 students got an A in Language Arts. If you choose
a student at random, what is the probability that the student got
an A in both Math and Language Arts? Express the answer as a
common fraction.

22. The values of the third and sixth terms of a geometric sequence are 22.
respectively 15
8
and − 405
64
. What is the first term of the sequence?
Express the answer as a common fraction.

23. What is the sum of all of the prime factors of 2015? 23.

24. A drinking glass with inner diameter 8 cm and height 12 cm is half- 24. cm
full of water. A sphere of diameter 6 cm is carefully lowered into
the glass until the sphere is exactly half submerged. By how many
cm does the water level in the glass rise? Express the answer as a
common fraction.

25. All interior lines meet the outer square at a 45◦ angle. How many 25.
right triangles are in the figure below?

26. A point in the plane is chosen at random from all points with integer 26.
coordinates (u, v) such that 1 ≤ u ≤ 9 and 1 ≤ v ≤ 9. What is
the probability that the absolute value of the difference between the
x-coordinate and the y -coordinate of the point is greater than 2?
Express the answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Regional 2015, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Suppose that 105 kg of brine (which is a solution of water and salt) 1. kg

consists of 20 kg of salt, with the rest water. How many kg of water
must be added so that the resulting solution is 8% salt by weight?

2. A student has a grade of 73% going into the final exam. The final 2. percent
exam is worth 60% of the final grade. What is the grade (in percent)
that the student must achieve on the final exam in order to obtain a
final grade of 70%?

3. Between them, Alicia, Beti, Cyril, and Dan own 700 books. Alicia 3. books
has 40 more books than Beti, 200 more books than Cyril, and 300
more books than Dan. How many books does Alicia own?

4. Amy and Beth walk along a loop in opposite directions, starting from 4. minutes
the same place. Amy’s speed is 75 times Beth’s speed. They first meet
after 24 minutes of walking. . How many minutes will it take from
the time they meet for the second time for Amy to reach the starting
point? Express the answer as a common fraction

Start
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Regional 2015, Page 2: Numbers and
Combinatorics
5. You have the following collection of beads in your drawer: 10 are 5.
white, 4 are black, 3 are blue, 2 are yellow, and 1 is green. You take
out of your drawer at least 5 white beads, and at least 1 of each of
the other colours. How many different total numbers of beads could
you have taken out?

6. How many different prime numbers are factors of 4680? 6.

7. The figure below shows streets. The line segments that connect ad- 7. ways
jacent intersections are of unit length. Assume that you walk full
segments, and at any intersection you decide which segment to use
next (including travelling back along the same segment). In how
many ways can you walk along the grid of streets starting and ending
at A, walking through B , and walking a total of 6 units?

8. Suppose that as in Question 7, you start at A, and walk a total of 3 8.

segments, not necessarily distinct. If all paths of length 3 are equally
likely, what is the probability that you end up at B ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Regional 2015, Page 3: Geometry
9. If you increase the radius of the base of a cylinder by 200% and you 9. percent
increase its height by 100%, by how many percent do you increase
its volume?

10. In the diagram, the shape that looks like a square is a square, and 10. units 2
dimensions along the hypotenuse of the big triangle are as shown.
What is the area of the square? Express the answer as a common
fraction.

2 3

11. The cross in the picture is made up of five 2 × 2 squares. The outer 11. units 2
curve is made up of four arcs of circles. What is the total area enclosed
by the outer curve? Express the answer in terms of π .

12. The bottom edge of the large triangle has been divided into four 12.
equal parts as shown and the three lines that are shown as parallel
are parallel. What is the ratio of the combined area of the two shaded
triangles to the area of the unshaded part of the large triangle? Ex-
press the answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Regional 2015, Page 1: Team answers must be on the
coloured page. Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. A Ferris wheel has radius 12 m and 24 equally spaced seats labelled 1. metres
1 to 24. Seat #1 is the lowest seat and is 2 m above the ground.
How high (in m) above the ground is seat #9?

h?
2

2. Find N : N = 12 − 22 + 32 − 42 + · · · + 992 − 1002 . 2.

3. A saleswoman at a street corner rents her stand for $1500 for a period 3. dollars
of 90 days, and pays to the city a usage fee of $35 per day. She sells
souvenirs at a rate of 18 per hour to passers by. If her cost for 20
souvenirs is $5, and each is sold for $1, and if she sells for 14 hours
every day, how many dollars is her total profit in the 90 day period?

4. A conical storage tank of height 10 m and radius √27π m is used 4. m 3 /day

to store water for the local community. The tank was full at the
beginning of a 40 day dry period during which no water entered the
tank. However, continued water usage caused the tank’s water level
to fall to 13 of its maximum height. What was the average daily
usage of water, in m 3 per day, during the 40 day dry period? Give
the answer correct to 1 decimal place.

5. For the storage tank of Question 4, and water consumption of 54000 5. days
litres per day, how many days of water supply can the tank hold? .
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Regional 2015, Page 2: Team answers must be on the
coloured page. Answers on a white page will not be graded.

6. The operation & is defined by a&b = 2(a + b) − (a + b)3 . What is 6.

the value of (1&1)&1?

7. Positive and negative electrical pulses are sent over an electrical chan- 7. sequences
nel to a receiver. A positive pulse represents a ONE (1); a negative
pulse represents a ZERO (0). A sequence of these binary digits (bits)
is used to transmit data. Two of the many possible 8-bit sequences
are: 00110011 and 10101010, How many different possible 8-bit se-
quences are there?

8. Suppose that in Question 7, channel noise causes any bit to be re- 8. bits
ceived in error (i.e. a ONE is received as ZERO or ZERO is received
as ONE) with probability 0.000011. Suppose also that bit errors are
independent of each other (i.e. an error in any specific bit has no ef-
fect on whether or not an error occurs in any other bit). What is the
largest number of bits that can be transmitted so that the probability
that all are received correctly is still larger than 0.999?

9. Suppose now that in Question 8 the probability of a bit to be received 9.

in error through a very noisy channel is 0.1. Suppose also that if a
bit is received in error then for each subsequent bit, the probability
it is received in error is 0.5. A 4-bit message is sent. What is the
probability that at least 3 bits are received correctly? Give your
answer correct to 4 significant digits.

10. Find the sum of all the numbers from 1 to 1111 (inclusive) whose 10.
decimal expansion has no digits other than 0 or 1.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Regional 2015, Page 3: Team answers must be on the
coloured page. Answers on a white page will not be graded.
11. In questions 11, 12, 13 and 14 you are expected to use similar tri- 11. km
angles to approximate some conditions of Solar and Lunar eclipses.
The diameter of the Earth is 12714 km (the line F G). The distance
from the Sun to Earth is 149598000 km (the distance from point E
to side AB of the isosceles triangle ABE ). The Sun’s diameter is
1392700 km (AB ). The Moon’s diameter is 3475 km (the side CD
of the isosceles triangle CDE which illustrates the shadow of the
Moon). The top diagram shows the case where the Moon is at the
furthest distance from Earth and still projects full shadow somewhere
on Earth (full solar eclipse). What is the distance (in km) from point
E to line CD ? Give your answer in km to the nearest 1000 km.
A
C F
Sun Moon E Earth
D G
B
12. The Earth projects its own shadow into space (the isosceles triangle 12. km
F GH ). How far from Earth (in km) does this shadow extend (the
distance from point H to F G)? Note that ABH is also isosceles.
Give your answer to the nearest 1000 km.
A
F I
Sun Earth H
G J
B
13. Use the approximation (to the nearest 1000 km) of the distance from 13. km
point H to F G. Suppose that the Moon travels through the shadow
of the Earth (along the line IJ of the isosceles triangle IJH ). Sup-
pose that the distance from Earth to Moon at that event is 400000
km (the distance from F G to IJ ). How long is the path of the Moon
during the event (the length of IJ )? Give your answer in km to the
nearest km.

14. If the Moon travels at 3550 km/hr, how many minutes does it take 14. minutes
for it to travel a distance of length 10000 km? Give your answer
correct to the nearest minute. This is a typical length of a lunar
eclipse.

15. All the points in the 4 × 5 grid below are at distance 1 from their 15.
nearest horizontal and vertical neighbours. If you select 2 different
points at random, what is the probability that the straight line dis-
tance between them is less than or equal to 2? Express your answer
as a common fraction.
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
Math Challengers
Regional Competition
Face-off Round 2015
Math Challeng
A question always follows a blue
page. The next page is blue!
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
1. How many digits are there in the
binary representation of 2015?
Math Challeng
1. How many digits are there in the
binary representation of 2015?
Answer: 11 (digits)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
2. Of all the two-digit primes, what
is the largest that consists of two
consecutive digits?
Math Challeng
2. Of all the two-digit primes, what
is the largest that consists of two
consecutive digits?
Answer: 89
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
3. The product of two positive
consecutive odd integers is less than
100. What is the largest possible
value of their sum?
Math Challeng
3. The product of two positive
consecutive odd integers is less than
100. What is the largest possible
value of their sum?
Answer: 20
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
4. The area of square B is 300%
larger than the area of square A.
How much larger is the perimeter of
square B (in percent) than the
perimeter of square A?
Math Challeng
4. The area of square B is 300%
larger than the area of square A.
How much larger is the perimeter of
square B (in percent) than the
perimeter of square A?
Answer: 100 (percent)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
5. You write all the letters of the
alphabet, in order, over and over
again, like this:

abcd. . . xyzabcd. . . xyzabcd. . . xyzab . . .

What is the 2015-th letter that you

write?
Math Challeng
5. You write all the letters of the
alphabet, in order, over and over
again, like this:

abcd. . . xyzabcd. . . xyzabcd. . . xyzab . . .

What is the 2015-th letter that you

write?
Answer: m
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
63
6. Simplify 6 .
3
Math Challeng
63
6. Simplify 6 .
3
8
Answer:
27
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
7. You bought a mobile phone
whose list price was $299, at a 30%
discount. How much was the
discounted price, to the nearest
dollar?
Math Challeng
7. You bought a mobile phone
whose list price was $299, at a 30%
discount. How much was the
discounted price, to the nearest
dollar?
Answer: 209 (dollars)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
8. If a train travels at a speed of
105 km per hour for 1 hour and 20
minutes, how many km does it travel?
Math Challeng
8. If a train travels at a speed of
105 km per hour for 1 hour and 20
minutes, how many km does it travel?
Answer: 140 (km)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
2015
9. Round to the nearest
300
integer.
Math Challeng
2015
9. Round to the nearest
300
integer.
Answer: 7
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
10. What is the probability of
getting 5 heads in a row when tossing
a fair coin? Express your answer as a
common fraction.
Math Challeng
10. What is the probability of
getting 5 heads in a row when tossing
a fair coin? Express your answer as a
common fraction.
1
Answer:
32
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
11. The measure of one angle of a
4-sided polygon is 99 degrees. The
other 3 angles all have equal measure.
What is that measure, in degrees?
Math Challeng
11. The measure of one angle of a
4-sided polygon is 99 degrees. The
other 3 angles all have equal measure.
What is that measure, in degrees?
Answer: 87 (degrees)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
12. What is the smallest integer N
such that 3N > 2015?
Math Challeng
12. What is the smallest integer N
such that 3N > 2015?
Answer: 7
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
13. Of the 5 members of a Math
Challengers Team, 2 are selected to
be co-captains. In how many ways
can this be done?
Math Challeng
13. Of the 5 members of a Math
Challengers Team, 2 are selected to
be co-captains. In how many ways
can this be done?
Answer: 10 (ways)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
14. What is the largest solution of
the equation x 2 − 13x + 22 = 0?
Math Challeng
14. What is the largest solution of
the equation x 2 − 13x + 22 = 0?
Answer: 11
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
15. What is the square of the
distance from X to Y?
X(4,3)

Y(-2,-2)
Math Challeng
15. What is the square of the
distance from X to Y?
X(4,3)

Y(-2,-2)

Answer: 61
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
√
16. Round 300 to the nearest
integer.
Math Challeng
√
16. Round 300 to the nearest
integer.
Answer: 17
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
17. A cm2 on a map represents an
area of 0.36 km2. How many meters
are represented by one cm?
Math Challeng
17. A cm2 on a map represents an
area of 0.36 km2. How many meters
are represented by one cm?
Answer: 600 (meters)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
18. You have 2015 five-cent coins in
your treasure box. What is the value
of your treasure in dollars, correct to
2 decimal places?
Math Challeng
18. You have 2015 five-cent coins in
your treasure box. What is the value
of your treasure in dollars, correct to
2 decimal places?
Answer: 100.75 (dollars)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
19. What is the decimal
8
representation of the reciprocal of ?
7
Math Challeng
19. What is the decimal
8
representation of the reciprocal of ?
7
Answer: 0.875 (or .875)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
20. The density of a 3.75 kg rock is
2.5 grams per cm3. What is the
volume of the rock in cm3?
Math Challeng
20. The density of a 3.75 kg rock is
2.5 grams per cm3. What is the
volume of the rock in cm3?
Answer: 1500 (cm3)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
21. What is the value of the
2015-th term of the arithmetic
sequence whose first three terms are
−3998, −3996, and −3994?
Math Challeng
21. What is the value of the
2015-th term of the arithmetic
sequence whose first three terms are
−3998, −3996, and −3994?
Answer: 30
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
22. How many diagonals go through
the centre of a regular 9-sided
polygon?
Math Challeng
22. How many diagonals go through
the centre of a regular 9-sided
polygon?

Answer: 0 (zero)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
23. You write the first 30 whole
numbers. How many times did you
write the digit 1?
Math Challeng
23. You write the first 30 whole
numbers. How many times did you
write the digit 1?
Answer: 13 (times)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
24. What is the largest integer N
that satisfies N 2 < 5000?
Math Challeng
24. What is the largest integer N
that satisfies N 2 < 5000?
Answer: 70
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
25. What percentage of 806 is
2015?
Math Challeng
25. What percentage of 806 is
2015?
Answer: 250 (percent)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
26. A regular polygon with 2015
sides is divided into two congruent
polygons by drawing a line from a
corner to the midpoint of its opposite
edge. How many sides does each of
the two polygons have?
Math Challeng
26. A regular polygon with 2015
sides is divided into two congruent
polygons by drawing a line from a
corner to the midpoint of its opposite
edge. How many sides does each of
the two polygons have?
Answer: 1009 (sides)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
27. Two consecutive odd numbers
that are both prime are called a pair
of twin primes. For example, 11 and
13 are twin primes. What is the
lowest possible sum of a pair of twin
primes each larger than 20?
Math Challeng
27. Two consecutive odd numbers
that are both prime are called a pair
of twin primes. For example, 11 and
13 are twin primes. What is the
lowest possible sum of a pair of twin
primes each larger than 20?
Answer: 60
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
28. Define x #y by x #y = 2x + 3y .
What is the value of (1#1)#1?
Math Challeng
28. Define x #y by x #y = 2x + 3y .
What is the value of (1#1)#1?
Answer: 13
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
29. Simplify:
(2 + 0 + 1 + 5)(2 − 0 + 1 − 5).
Math Challeng
29. Simplify:
(2 + 0 + 1 + 5)(2 − 0 + 1 − 5).
Answer: −16
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
30. If x + y = 15 and
2x + 3y = 22, what is the value of x ?
Math Challeng
30. If x + y = 15 and
2x + 3y = 22, what is the value of x ?
Answer: 23
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
31. Find the volume of a cube
whose surface area is 96.
Math Challeng
31. Find the volume of a cube
whose surface area is 96.

Answer: 64
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
32. The numbers M and N are both
prime. Each is smaller than 40. It is
known that M < N and M + N = 66.
What is the value of M?
Math Challeng
32. The numbers M and N are both
prime. Each is smaller than 40. It is
known that M < N and M + N = 66.
What is the value of M?
Answer: 29
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
33. At a restaurant buffet, there are
only 2 flavours of ice cream available:
durian and lime. In how many ways
can Alan choose 2 scoops of ice
cream? Note that durian and lime is
the same choice as lime and durian,
and Alan can choose two scoops of
the same flavour.)
Math Challeng
33. At a restaurant buffet, there are
only 2 flavours of ice cream available:
durian and lime. In how many ways
can Alan choose 2 scoops of ice
cream? Note that durian and lime is
the same choice as lime and durian,
and Alan can choose two scoops of
the same flavour.)
Answer: 3 (ways)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
34. The first two terms of the Lucas
sequence are 1 and 3, and after that
any term of the Lucas sequence is the
sum of the previous two terms. What
is the 4-th term of the Lucas
sequence?
Math Challeng
34. The first two terms of the Lucas
sequence are 1 and 3, and after that
any term of the Lucas sequence is the
sum of the previous two terms. What
is the 4-th term of the Lucas
sequence?
Answer: 7
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
35. Alicia has a total of $1.95 in
standard Canadian coins (no
pennies). Given that Alicia has no 50
cent coins, what is the smallest
number of coins that Alicia could
have?
Math Challeng
35. Alicia has a total of $1.95 in
standard Canadian coins (no
pennies). Given that Alicia has no 50
cent coins, what is the smallest
number of coins that Alicia could
have?
Answer: 6 (coins)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
36. There are 4 jelly beans in a tray,
2 blue and 2 yellow. Alphonse eats 2
of the jelly beans, chosen at random.
What is the probability that these 2
jelly beans are of different colours?
Express your answer as a common
fraction.
Math Challeng
36. There are 4 jelly beans in a tray,
2 blue and 2 yellow. Alphonse eats 2
of the jelly beans, chosen at random.
What is the probability that these 2
jelly beans are of different colours?
Express your answer as a common
fraction.
2
Answer:
3
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
37. A high school runner ran 3000
metres in 9 minutes. What was the
runner’s average speed in kilometres
per hour?
Math Challeng
37. A high school runner ran 3000
metres in 9 minutes. What was the
runner’s average speed in kilometres
per hour?
Answer: 20 (km/hr)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
38. The sum of the ages of the 20
people in the class is 302 years. What
will the sum of their ages be 2 years
from now?
Math Challeng
38. The sum of the ages of the 20
people in the class is 302 years. What
will the sum of their ages be 2 years
from now?
Answer: 342 (years)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
39. What is the smallest positive
integer n such that

1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + (n − 1) + n

is a multiple of 10?
Math Challeng
39. What is the smallest positive
integer n such that

1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + (n − 1) + n

is a multiple of 10?
Answer: 4
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
40. What is the smallest prime
number which is larger than 89?
Math Challeng
40. What is the smallest prime
number which is larger than 89?
Answer: 97
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
41. What is the product of the
greatest common factor and the least
common multiple of 12 and 15?
Math Challeng
41. What is the product of the
greatest common factor and the least
common multiple of 12 and 15?
Answer: 180
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
42. Alfie has 200 dollars, and Bert
has 10 dollars. How many dollars
should Alfie give to Bert so that Alfie
will have 4 times as many dollars as
Bert?
Math Challeng
42. Alfie has 200 dollars, and Bert
has 10 dollars. How many dollars
should Alfie give to Bert so that Alfie
will have 4 times as many dollars as
Bert?
Answer: 32 (dollars)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
43. Simplify
1 1 1 1
    

1 +  1 +  1 +  1 +
    

4 5 6 7
Math Challeng
43. Simplify
1 1 1 1
    

1 +  1 +  1 +  1 +
    

4 5 6 7
Answer: 2
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
44. What is the smallest positive
integer N such that 20N is a perfect
square?
Math Challeng
44. What is the smallest positive
integer N such that 20N is a perfect
square?
Answer: 5
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Provincial 2015, Page 1

1. What is the smallest prime larger than 90? 1.

2. What is the digit sum of 2015? 2.

3. How many different sums can you get when you throw 3 dice? 3. sums

4. Round the area of a circle of diameter 8 to the nearest integer. 4.

5. You add 13 to 10% of N and then you multiply the result by 10 to 5.

get 156. What is the value of N ?

6. What is the smallest 3-digit number all of whose digits are different 6.
and which does not use the digit 1?

7. If the width of a rectangular billboard is 4 times its height, and if its 7. metres
area is 25 m 2 , what is the value of its width, in metres?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. ABCDE is a regular pentagon. What is the value, in degrees, of 8. degrees
angle EAD? C

D B

E A
9. What is the greatest common factor of 42, 12, 18, and 132? 9.

10. What is the least positive common multiple of the numbers in Ques- 10.
tion 9?

11. What is the binary representation of 2015? 11.

12. The first term of a sequence is 0. For n > 1, the n-th term is 12.
n! − (n − 1)!. What is the difference between the 6-th term and the
4-th term?

13. The vertices of a triangle have coordinates (−40.3, 0), (40.3, 0), and 13.
(0, y). What is the positive value of y such that the area of the
triangle is 2015?

1 1 1 1
14. Express 1 + + + + ··· + as a common fraction. 14.
2 4 8 1024
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. Irene went to the store and bought a laptop that was listed for $1000. 15. dollars
The laptop was on sale at 15% off. On the amount after the discount,
she had to pay 12% tax. How many dollars did she pay in total?

16. Let N = 100 × 36 × 63. How many factors does N have? 16. factors

17. The volume of a cylinder is 64000π cm 3 , and its height is 40 cm. 17. cm 2
What is the surface area of the cylinder (including both bases)? Pro-
vide the answer rounded to the nearest 100 cm 2 .

18. The sum of 40 distinct positive integers is equal to 1000. What is 18.
the smallest possible value of the biggest integer?

19. Good garden compound can be made by combining 8 bags of 25 litres 19. percent
topsoil at density of 2/5 kg/litre, 4 bags of 30 litres mushroom com-
post at density of 1/3 kg/litre, and 1 bag of 25 litres of fertilizer at
density of 6/5 kg/litre. By weight, what percentage of the compound
is fertilizer?

20. After mixing, the volume of the compound in Question 19 shrinks to 20. litres
80% of the original combined volumes of the components. What is
the final volume of the compound in litres?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. Round the cube root of 2015 to the nearest integer. 21.

22. A 5 cm diameter cylinder is partially filled with water so that the 22. cm
top surface of the water is 10 cm above the bottom. A tall 2 cm
diameter solid cylinder is inserted in the larger cylinder so that its
bottom touches the bottom of the larger cylinder. What is the new
distance from the surface of the water to the bottom of the larger
cylinder? Express the answer in cm, as a common fraction.

10 cm

before after

23. Frank rents a stand to sell cloth. His average cost for an item is $5.00, 23. dollars
and he has to pay to the owner of the stand 5% of the selling price.
At what price does he have to sell the item so that his net profit per
item sold is $3.00? Give the answer in dollars, correct to 2 places
after the decimal point.

24. Points A(1, 8) and B(10, 4) have been connected by lines to point 24.
X(x, 0). What is the smallest possible value of AX + XB?
A(1, 8)

B(10, 4)

X(x, 0)

25. In Question 24, what is the value of x? 25.

26. For every km that a locomotive goes, it burns 5 litres of fuel. For 26. cars
any car that it pulls, it burns (on average) another 0.15 litres of fuel
per km. A very long train made up of 1 locomotive and many cars is
travelling between 2 refueling stations, a distance of 850 km. If the
fuel capacity of the locomotive is 15470 litres, how many cars can the
train have?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Prov. 2015, Page 1: Problem Solving

1. Two tablets cost $50 more than one laptop. If a tablet costs $294, 1. dollars
what is the cost of a laptop, in dollars?

2. A new animal has evolved in Canada. It is 1/4 coyote, 3/32 wolf, 2.

and the rest is dog. What fraction of the animal is dog?

3. The 9 squares in the 3 × 3 magic square below are to be filled in so 3.

that the sum of the three numbers in any row, the sum of the three
numbers in any column, and the sum of the three numbers in each of
the two diagonals, are all the same. Numbers in some of the squares
have already been filled in. Find the number which should be put in
the square labelled “?”.
10 3
?
−3

4. A cargo train carries 4 kinds of products, oil, gas, coal, and potash. 4.
The amount of gas by weight is 1/8 of the amount of oil. The amount
of coal is 1/10 of the combined amounts of potash and gas, and the
amount of potash is 5/6 of the combined amounts of gas and coal.
What fraction of the total amount is the oil?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. The sum of opposite faces of a traditional die is always 7. Two dice 5. sums
are rolled and the sum of the top faces is greater than 8. How many
possible sums can the bottom faces have?

6. As in Question 5, the sum of the top faces is greater than 8. What is 6.

the probability that there is no 1 on any of the bottom faces? Express
the answer as a common fraction.

7. What is the smallest positive integer which is divisible by 45 and 7.

whose decimal representation uses only the digits 0, 1, and 2?

8. How many positive multiples of 3 or 5 or 134 are there that are less 8.
than 2015?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. A square of side a and an equilateral triangle of side b have the same 9.
4
area. Express the value of ab 4 as a common fraction.

a b

10. Railway tracks form the shape of a quarter-circle. The distance be- 10. inches
tween the tracks is 56 inches. How much longer is the outer track
than the inner track? Provide your answer to the nearest inch.

11. Find the area units 2

√ of a regular octagon with side 1. Express your answer 11.
as k (m + n), where k, m, and n are integers and n is prime.

12. A star of David with area A is inscribed in a circle with area 3π. 12.
What is the value of A2 ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Prov. 2015, Page 1: Team answers must be on the coloured
page. Answers on a white page will not be graded.

1. The Fibonacci sequence (Fn ) is defined as follows: F1 = 1, F2 = 1 1.

and for n > 2 by Fn = Fn−1 + Fn−2 . Find the largest n such that
F1 + F2 + F3 + · · · + Fn < 100.

2. In Question 1, what is the value of F1 + F2 + F3 + · · · + F15 ? 2.

3. For every integer n ≥ 1, the sum of the first n terms of a sequence is 3.

equal to n2 . What is the 100-th term of the sequence?

4. A pail is placed outside to catch rainfall. The pail has the shape of a 4. cubic cm
truncated cone with base diameter 30 cm, opening diameter 50 cm,
and a height of 60 cm. Initially the water level is at 10 cm above the
bottom of the pail. A few days later the water has risen to a level
of 20 cm from the bottom of the pail. How many cubic cm of water
were added? Round your answer to the nearest 100 cm 3 .

5. If in Question 4 the rainfall is at the rate of 10 mm/hour, how many 5. hours

hours will it take to fill the entire pail if originally it was empty?
Round your answer to the nearest integer.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 2: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

6. How many ordered triples (a, b, c) of real numbers are there such that 6. triples
each of the numbers is the product of the other two? Note that for
example the ordered triple (2, −3, 0) is not the same as the ordered
triple (−3, 0, 2).

7. A group of 50 kids were chatting over the internet. Each of them 7. messages
sent a different odd number of text messages, except for 3 kids who
each sent the same odd number of messages. What is the smallest
number of text messages that could have been sent?

8. Nimoy drives a car starting at a speed of 0 km/h and accelerating at 8. km

a constant rate, and driving along the circular road around CERN
(the Large Hadron Collider). When he finished one circle he reached
a speed of 120 km/h. It took him exactly 1720 seconds to reach that
speed. Find the radius of the circle in km correct to one decimal.

9. You throw three dice. What is the probability that the sum is a 9.
multiple of 5? Express the answer as a common fraction.

10. The class of 1983 has gathered for a reunion in 2015 to celebrate 10. students
their 50-th birthdays (all were born in 1965 which had 365 days). Of
the 365 days, 310 have no birthday of any of the students. K days
have the birthday of 1 student, K − 1 days have the birthdays of 2
students, K − 2 have the birthdays of 3 students, and so on. So 3
days have the birthdays of K − 2 students, 2 days have the birthdays
of K − 1 students, and 1 day has the birthdays of K students. How
many students were in the class of 1983?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-op, Page 3: Team answers must be on the coloured page.
Answers on a white page will not be graded.

11. Niki generates a 4-character PIN (password) using the allowed 10 11. passwords
digits, 26 lower-case letters, and 26 upper-case letter. She plans to
use exactly 2 (not necessarily different) digits and 2 letters. How
many different passwords can she select from? Examples of valid
passwords: 13Aa, 13aa, A22b, and c3D1.

12. If as in Question 11 Niki plans to use exactly 2 digits and exactly 3 12. passwords
letters for a 5 character password, how many different passwords can
she select from if the 2 digits must be next to each other? Examples
of valid passwords: 00AAb, o12bC, XY98Z.

13. The vertices of triangle ABC have coordinates A(0, 11), B(10.5, 0), 13.
and C(−7, 0). Find the area of 4ABC . Express your answer correct
to 2 decimal places.
A(0, 11)

C(−7, 0) B(10.5, 0)

14. Triangle ABC is as in Question 13. Find the x-coordinate of the 14.
point (x, y) that has the same distances from A, B, and C . Give the
answer correct to 2 decimal places.

15. What is the y-coordinate of the point (x, y) of Question 14? Give 15.
the answer correct to 2 decimal places.
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
Math Challengers
Provincial Competition
Face-off Round 2015
Math Challeng
A question always follows a blue
page. The next page is blue!
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
1. What is the value of
(11 × 4) + 2015?
Math Challeng
1. What is the value of
(11 × 4) + 2015?
Answer: 2059
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
2. How many seconds are there in
2.5 hours?
Math Challeng
2. How many seconds are there in
2.5 hours?
Answer: 9000 (seconds)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
3. What is the largest integer N
such that N 2 + 4N + 4 < 2015?
Math Challeng
3. What is the largest integer N
such that N 2 + 4N + 4 < 2015?
Answer: 42
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
4. What is the area of the L-shaped
garden in the figure?
2

20

2
30
Math Challeng
4. What is the area of the L-shaped
garden in the figure?
2

20

2
30
Answer: 96
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
5. The average of 4 numbers is 20.
You add a fifth number, the average
increases by 15. What is the value of
the fifth number?
Math Challeng
5. The average of 4 numbers is 20.
You add a fifth number, the average
increases by 15. What is the value of
the fifth number?
Answer: 95
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
6. Jane bought a front window
camera for her car at a cost of $149,
a rear window camera at a cost of
$99, and two memory cards at a cost
of $17.50 each. How many dollars
did she spend in total?
Math Challeng
6. Jane bought a front window
camera for her car at a cost of $149,
a rear window camera at a cost of
$99, and two memory cards at a cost
of $17.50 each. How many dollars
did she spend in total?
Answer: 283 (dollars)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
7. The area of an isosceles right
triangle is 100. What is the length of
the hypotenuse?
Math Challeng
7. The area of an isosceles right
triangle is 100. What is the length of
the hypotenuse?

Answer: 20
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
x y
8. Suppose that y
+ x
= 10. What
2
6x +6y 2
is the value of xy
?
Math Challeng
x y
8. Suppose that y
+ x
= 10. What
2
6x +6y 2
is the value of xy
?
Answer: 60
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
9. .What is the value of
2! + 0 + 1! + 5!?
Math Challeng
9. .What is the value of
2! + 0 + 1! + 5!?
Answer: 123
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
10. What is the number of sides of
a convex polygon which has 77
diagonals?
Math Challeng
10. What is the number of sides of
a convex polygon which has 77
diagonals?
Answer: 14 (sides)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
11. The volume of 231 grams of
liquid mercury is 16.5 cm3. What is
its density in gm/cm3?
Math Challeng
11. The volume of 231 grams of
liquid mercury is 16.5 cm3. What is
its density in gm/cm3?
Answer: 14 (gm/cm3)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
12. The sum of five consecutive
integers is 2015. What is the value of
the largest of these integers?
Math Challeng
12. The sum of five consecutive
integers is 2015. What is the value of
the largest of these integers?
Answer: 405
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
13. The 600 students of the school
are divided into teams of 35 or fewer
students each. (The teams need not
be all the same size.) What is the
smallest possible number of teams?
Math Challeng
13. The 600 students of the school
are divided into teams of 35 or fewer
students each. (The teams need not
be all the same size.) What is the
smallest possible number of teams?
Answer: 18 (teams)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
201
14. Round 13
to the nearest
integer.
Math Challeng
14. Round 201
13
to the nearest
integer.
Answer: 15
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
15. .What is the x -coordinate of the
intersection point of the lines
x + y = 24 and x − 2y = 0?
Math Challeng
15. .What is the x -coordinate of the
intersection point of the lines
x + y = 24 and x − 2y = 0?
Answer: 16
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
2×0+1×5
16. Simplify: 2+0+1+5
.
Math Challeng
2×0+1×5
16. Simplify: 2+0+1+5
.
Answer: 5
8
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
17. The average speed of a bus
travelling the 123 km from Vancouver
to Whistler was 90 km/hour. How
long, in minutes, was the trip?
Math Challeng
17. The average speed of a bus
travelling the 123 km from Vancouver
to Whistler was 90 km/hour. How
long, in minutes, was the trip?
Answer: 82 (minutes)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
18. What is the largest integer N
that satisfies 5N < 2015?
Math Challeng
18. What is the largest integer N
that satisfies 5N < 2015?
Answer: 4
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
19. What is the value of 5! − 4!?
Math Challeng
19. What is the value of 5! − 4!?
Answer: 96
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
20. What is the surface area of a
cube whose volume is 27?
Math Challeng
20. What is the surface area of a
cube whose volume is 27?
Answer: 54
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
21. What is the value of the largest
two-digit number that is the product
of exactly 2 different primes?
Math Challeng
21. What is the value of the largest
two-digit number that is the product
of exactly 2 different primes?
Answer: 95
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
22. A clock shows the right time
now but it goes slower than an
accurate clock by 8 seconds every
day. After how many days will it be
off by one hour?
Math Challeng
22. A clock shows the right time
now but it goes slower than an
accurate clock by 8 seconds every
day. After how many days will it be
off by one hour?
Answer: 450 (days)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
23. You have 4 hats and 8 scarves.
You must select one of the scarves,
and one hat or no hats. In how many
different ways can you do the
choosing?
Math Challeng
23. You have 4 hats and 8 scarves.
You must select one of the scarves,
and one hat or no hats. In how many
different ways can you do the
choosing?
Answer: 40 (ways)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
24. What is the value of the
smallest prime number greater than
200?
Math Challeng
24. What is the value of the
smallest prime number greater than
200?
Answer: 211
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
25. The sum of the two diagonals of
a rhombus is 20 and their difference is
4. What is the area of the rhombus?
Math Challeng
25. The sum of the two diagonals of
a rhombus is 20 and their difference is
4. What is the area of the rhombus?

Answer: 48
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
26. What is the sum of the
reciprocal of 56 and the reciprocal of
6
7
? Express as a fraction in lowest
terms.
Math Challeng
26. What is the sum of the
reciprocal of 56 and the reciprocal of
6
7
? Express as a fraction in lowest
terms.
Answer: 71
30
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
27. How many diagonals does the
diagonal from A to C intersect in the
in interior (not the boundary) of the
hexagon? C
D
B

E
A
F
Math Challeng
27. How many diagonals does the
diagonal from A to C intersect in the
in interior (not the boundary) of the
hexagon? C
D
B

E
A
F
Answer: 3 (diagonals)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
2015
28. Round 4
to the nearest
integer.
Math Challeng
28. Round 2015
4
to the nearest
integer.
Answer: 504
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
29. You bought a bag of potatoes
at a cost of $0.40 per kg, and paid
$13.20. What was the weight of the
potatoes in kg?
Math Challeng
29. You bought a bag of potatoes
at a cost of $0.40 per kg, and paid
$13.20. What was the weight of the
potatoes in kg?
Answer: 33 (kg)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
30. One km is represented scaled on
a map to 0.02 cm. How many km are
represented by 5 cm on the map?
Math Challeng
30. One km is represented scaled on
a map to 0.02 cm. How many km are
represented by 5 cm on the map?
Answer: 250 (km)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
31. Find the sum
2009 + 2011 + 2013 + 2015.
Math Challeng
31. Find the sum
2009 + 2011 + 2013 + 2015.
Answer: 8048
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
32. Suppose N is 150% of 160% of
15. What is the value of N?
Math Challeng
32. Suppose N is 150% of 160% of
15. What is the value of N?
Answer: 36
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
33. Simplify 12+13+14+15
6+7+8+9
as a
fraction in lowest terms.
Math Challeng
33. Simplify 12+13+14+15
6+7+8+9
as a
fraction in lowest terms.
Answer: 9
5
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
34. You have two 5 cent coins, two
10 cent coins, and two 25 cent coins.
How many different sums can you
make if you use exactly 2 coins?
Math Challeng
34. You have two 5 cent coins, two
10 cent coins, and two 25 cent coins.
How many different sums can you
make if you use exactly 2 coins?
Answer: 6 (sums)
Math Challeng
Math Challeng
35. What number has the binary
representation 1101?
Math Challeng
35. What number has the binary
representation 1101?
Answer: 13
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2015

Answers, Blitz Stage

3 1 15
1. 8. 15. 6 21.
5 6 29
1 5
2. 16 9. 16. 64 22.
6 6
23 5
3. 56 10. 17. 23. 49
12 4
9
4. 17.25 11. 11 18. 21.50 24.
8

5. 12 12. 13 19. 5 25. 40

9 14
6. 15 13. 20. 60 26.
4 27

7. 24 14. 9
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2015

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

1. 145 5. 12 9. 1700
36
2. 68 6. 4 10.
13

3. 310 7. 9 11. 6π + 8
240 1 5
4. 8. 12.
7 20 11
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Regional 2015

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 20 6. 21 11. 373000

2. −5050 7. 256 12. 1378000

3. 12360 8. 90 13. 9023

4. 58.5 9. 0.8045 14. 169

77
5. 45 10. 8888 15.
190
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2015

Answers, Blitz Stage

1. 97 8. 36 15. 952 21. 13

250
2. 8 9. 6 16. 150 22.
21

3. 16 10. 2772 17. 20100 23. 8.42

4. 50 11. 11111011111 18. 45 24. 15

5. 26 12. 582 19. 20 25. 7

6. 203 13. 50 20. 276 26. 88

2047
7. 10 14.
1024
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2015

Answers, Bull’s-eye Stage

16
1. 538 5. 4 9.
3
21 3
2. 6. 10. 88
32 10
√
3. −9 7. 122220 11. 2(1 + 2)
40
4. 8. 947 12. 27
51
Canadian Math Challengers Society

Math Challengers Provincial 2015

Answers, Co-op Stage

1. 9 6. 5 11. 1622400

2. 1596 7. 2306 12. 56243200

3. 199 8. 4.6 13. 96.25

43
4. 9600 9. 14. 1.75
216

5. 39 10. 220 15. 2.16

 2016 Regional Questions February 2016
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 1
1. Find the digit sum of 2016. 1. _____________

2. What is the smallest integer N such that 20% of N is larger than 10.25? 2. _____________

17
3. The radius of a circle is . What is the circumference of the circle? 3. _____________


4. You pick one marble from a box containing 7 white marbles and 4. _____________
11 black marbles. What is the probability you pick a black marble?
Express your answer as a common fraction.

5. You bought four travel apps and one gaming app for your mobile phone 5. __________($)
and paid a total of $65.95 for the five apps. If the travel apps cost $11.99 each,
what was the cost of the gaming app (in dollars correct to two decimal places)?

6. A biker rides her bike at a speed of 27 km/h. How far (in km) does she ride 6. _________(km)
in 2 hours and 20 minutes?

7. Express 0.11  1.11  2.11  3.11 as a fraction in lowest terms. 7. _____________

Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
8. 25 competitors were divided into 5 groups of 5 competitors each. In each of 8. _____________
the 5 groups, each competitor played each of the group’s other 4 competitors
once to declare a winner for the group. The 5 winners (one from each group)
advanced to the final round where each competitor played each of the other
four final competitors once. How many games were played in total?

9. Halley’s Comet is known to be visible from Earth every 76 years. The first 9. _____________
time there was credible evidence of the comet being seen by humans was in
the year 86 AD. What will be the first year after 2016 that the comet will
again be visible from Earth?

10. Given the info in Question 9, during how many years between the 10.____________
year 1000 and the year 2000 was Halley’s Comet visible from Earth?

11. What is the ratio of the perimeter of a regular hexagon with side 1 11.____________
to the perimeter of an equilateral triangle with side 1?

12. In Question 11, what is the ratio of the area of the hexagon 12.____________
to the area of the triangle?

13. How many diagonals does the hexagon in Question 11 have? 13.____________

14. What is the total length of all the diagonals of the hexagon in Question 11? 14.____________
Express you answer as i( j  k ) where i and k are integers and j is a prime.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. A large box has the following shape: two of the faces of the box each have 15.________( f 2 )
area 24 square feet ( f 2 ), two faces each have area 40 f 2 , and two faces each
have area 60 f 2 . What is the total surface area, (in f 2 ), of the box?

16. In Question 15, what is the volume, in cubic feet ( f 3 ), of the box? 16.________( f 3 )

17. In Question 15, let a , b , and c be the mutually perpendicular 17._________( f )

edges of the box. If the measure of each of them is an integer (in feet),
what is the value, in feet, of a  b  c ?

18. A swimming pool that can contain a maximum of 162 cubic meters ( m 3 ) of 18.________( m 3 )
water is filled up by three taps. Unfortunately, the operator forgot to shut
off the drain pipe, which drains the full pool in 18 hours. As a result,
it took 36 hours to fill the pool. How much water (in m 3 )
was wasted down the drain pipe while the pool was being filled?

19. The flow rates of the taps in Question 18 are the following: the first tap 19.____________
flows at 25 litres/minute (lit/min), the second tap flows at 75 lit/min, and
the third tap flows at M lit/min. What is the value of M?

20. In Question 18, how many hours does it take to fill the entire pool using 20._________ ( h )
tap 1 and tap 2 only if the drain pipe is shut off?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. On a large table there are many individual cartons of juice, and many 21.____________
cookies to be distributed to the Math Challengers students
competing in that room. If every student takes 2 cartons of juice and 1 cookie,
there will be 121 cookies left and no juice will be left. If each student and each
invigilator takes 1 carton of juice and 2 cookies, there will be 100 cartons of
juice left and no cookies left. How many cookies were on the table at the beginning?

22. In Question 21, how many invigilators are in the room? 22.____________

23. In Question 21, how many students are in the room? 23.____________

24. How many three letter “words” are there that use three letters from the five 24.____________
letters A, B, C, D, and E, and such that no letter appears more than twice in
the "word" and such that that A is not the first letter, and B is not the
second letter? (Examples of valid “words”: CAB, BCC, CDE).

25. A cone with base of radius 2 is inscribed in a sphere with radius 4. 25.____________
What is the volume of the cone?
Give your answer correct to the nearest integer (use   3.14 , and 3  1.73 ).

26. Let K be a positive integer such that the sum of all of its factors is 48. 26.____________
Please note that the number 1 and the number K are factors of K.
What is the sum of all possible such K’s?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-Eye, Page 1: Problem Solving
1. If a long distance runner runs at speed of 15 km/h, 1. _________( m )
how many metres does he run in 30 seconds?

2. Tomatoes contain 94% water. Tomato paste contains 55% water and it is 2. ________( kg )
created by simply removing some of the water from tomatoes. If a can of
tomato paste contains 220 grams of paste, how many kg of tomatoes were
used to make it? Provide the answer as a decimal correct to two decimal places.

3. How many factors does 2016 have? Please note that 1 and 2016 are factors 3. _____________
of 2016. (Hint: Try to express 2016 as a product of powers of primes.)

4. In Questions 3, what is the sum of all the factors? 4. _____________

Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-Eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. What is the decimal representation of the number whose binary 5. _____________
representation is 1001001?

6. At a restaurant table, the five customers each ask for a different drink. The 6. _____________
waiter brings the right drinks, but forgets who wants which one, and sets out
the five drinks at random. What is the probability that all five customers get
the drink they wanted? Express the answer as a common fraction.

7. In Question 6, what is the probability that exactly 2 of the customers get 7. _____________
the wrong drink? Express the answer as a common fraction.

8. In Question 6, what is the probability that all five customers get the wrong 8. _____________
drink? Express the answer as a common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s-Eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. ABCD is a parallelogram. BEFC is a rhombus ( BE  EF  FC  CB ). 9. __________ ()
BE  BF , ABF  157 , and AC  CF . What is the value of BAC (in degrees)?

10. The picture below shows an equilateral triangle inscribed in a circle. 10.____________
36 3
If the area of the triangle is , what is the area of the circle?


11. ABCD is a quadrilateral where AB  AD  2 , BC  CD , AC  3 , 11.____________

and BAD  120 . What is the value of CD ?
Express your answer as n where n is an integer.

12. ABCD and BEFG are squares. H is the intersection of lines AF 12.____________
and BC . The area of ABH is 4 and the area of trapezoid BEFH
is 5. What is the combined area of the two squares?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-Op, Page 1
(Team answers must be on coloured page. Answers on a white page will not be graded.)
1. ABCD is a parallelogram. E and F are on AB and CD respectively. 1. _____________
EBFD is rectangle. AB  5 , AD  4 , and DE  3 . What is the area
of EBFD ? Express your answer as a decimal correct to two decimal places.

2. On the table, there is the following row of 6 coins: 2. __________($)

$1.00, $2.00, $0.25, $0.05, $0.25, $0.10.
Alice picks a coin from one of the ends of the row and puts it in her pocket.
Then Bob chooses a coin from one of the (remaining) ends, and puts it in his
pocket. They continue alternating who takes a coin from one of the (remaining)
ends until Bob pockets the last coin. If Alice uses a strategy to maximize the total
value of the coins she picks, what is the maximum total value of coins that
Bob can pocket (in dollars, correct to two decimal places)?

3. Suppose that for every 82 women from Nanaimo who give birth to a single 3. _____________
baby, one more woman in Nanaimo gives birth to twins. 2016 babies were
born in Nanaimo during the year of 2015. How many women gave birth in
Nanaimo during the year 2015?

4. Suppose that the ratio of 82 : 1 , as in Question 3, is the same for all of Canada.4._____________
Suppose also that: (a) for every 82 women that give birth to twins, one more
woman gives birth to triplets, and (b) for every 82 women that give birth to
triplets, one more woman gives birth to quadruplets. In Canada, during the
year 2015, 551368 women gave birth to a single baby. How many babies
were born in total in Canada during 2015?

5. What is the largest N smaller than 2016 that can be expressed as ( pq) 2 5. _____________
where p and q are both primes (not necessarily different)?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-Op, Page 2
(Team answers must be on coloured page. Answers on a white page will not be graded.)
6. What is the value of (1  2 (1  3))(1  2 (1  3)) ? 6. _____________
Express your answer as decimal correct to three decimal places.

7. Zev runs by increasing his speed every 4 minutes. The number of 7._________(min)
Calories he burns per minute is given by the following sequence:
10,10,10,10,11,11,11,11,12,12,12,12,
What is the minimum number of minutes he needs to run in order to
burn at least 1000 Calories? Provide the answer as an integer.

8. Zev runs as in Question 7 but he got tired and stopped running 8. ________(m/s)
after 47 minutes. The average distance that he ran per each Calorie
he burnt was 17 metres (m). What was his average speed in metres/second (m/s)?
Provide the answer as decimal correct to two decimal places.

9. A 6cm diameter, 5cm tall cylinder is partially filled with water. 9. ________( cm )
The cylinder is placed on the table on its circular side and the level
1
of the water above the table is of its diameter. When placed on the
4
table on its base, how high (in cm ) is the level of the water above the table?
Express your answer as decimal correct to two decimal places.

10. Two circles with radii 2 and 6 are tangent internally at A . O is the centre 10.____________
of the smaller circle. BCD is circumscribed by the large circle, O is on BC ,
and is also on the diameter AD which is perpendicular to BC . Find the value
of the shaded region (the total area inside the large circle but outside the
triangle and the small circle). Round your answer to the nearest integer.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-Op, Page 3
(Team answers must be on coloured page. Answers on a white page will not be graded.)
11. You have 2 bowls on a shelf. Each bowl originally contains 4 tomatoes: 11.____________
2 yellow, and 2 red. You select a bowl at random and then take one tomato
at random out of that bowl and put it on the table. You then repeat the same
process two more times. What is the probability that you end up with 3 red
tomatoes on the table? Express the answer as a common fraction.

12. How many integers in the interval from 1 to 2016 do not contain 12.____________
the digit “1” in their decimal representation?

13. Alan, Betty, Carlos, Dalton and three others competed to win a 13.____________
calculator. Each one of them put his or her name on a card and then the
cards were shuffled and randomly numbered 1 to 7 (a different number for
each person). The person with the card numbered 7 was to win the calculator.
It was then disclosed to all that the total of the numbers assigned for Betty,
Carlos, and Dalton was 14. What is the probability that Alan won
the calculator? Provide the answer as a common fraction.

14. In Question 13, it was then announced that Betty won the calculator but she 14.____________
declined to accept it. So, the calculator was awarded to the person whose
card bears the number 6. What is the probability that Alan won the calculator?
Provide the answer as a common fraction.

15. The point P(5,3) is the intersection of the line mx  ny  4 and the 15.____________
line nx  my  5 . What is the combined area of the two triangles ABP
and CDP formed between the lines and the axes (shaded region)?
Express your answer as common fraction.
Canadian Math Challengers Society Regional 2016 Face-off
Questions and Answers

1. How many diagonals does a regular hexagon have?

1. Answer: 9

2. You can buy skating shoes for your team at $225 for 2 pairs or $995 for 10 pairs.
How many dollars per pair do you save by buying 10 pairs?
2. Answer: 13
3. x = 2016. What is the value of x2 − 2014x?
3. Answer: 4032
4. You toss a coin three times. What is the probability that you get a head exactly
one time? Provide your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.
4. Answer: 3/8
5. The number 12 is how many percent of the number 80?
5. Answer: 15
6. In the figure below, what is the distance from P to Q?

1
Canadian Math Challengers Society

6. Answer: 13
7. What is the sum of the two smallest 2-digit primes?
7. Answer: 24
8. Round 2016/101 to the nearest integer.
8. Answer: 20
√
9. If 7x + 4 = 9, what is the value of x?
9. Answer: 11
10. ∠ACB = 50o , AD is a diameter and AB = BC. Find ∠DAB (in degrees).

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society

10. Answer: 40
11. Compute 2.1 + 3.2 + 4.3
11. Answer: 9.6
12. What is the largest prime divisor of 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . + 9 + 10?
12. Answer: 11
13. What is the remainder when you divide 2016 by 30?
13. Answer: 6
14. What is the area of a rectangle whose perimeter is 30 and one of its sides is 8?
14. Answer: 56
15. You rolled two dice and got N on one and M (where M > N ) on the other.
What is the number of different possible values of M + N ?
15. Answer: 9
16. 2016 = 9x. Find x.
16. Answer: 224
17. f (1) = 1. For N > 1, f (N ) = 2f (N − 1) + 3. What is the value of f (3)?
17. Answer: 13
18. Amy jogged 4500 metres at average speed of 3 metres per second. What was
her total jogging time (in minutes)?
18. Answer: 25

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
19. Simplify: (2 + 0 + 1 + 6) × (0 − 2) × (1 − 3)
19. Answer: 36

20. Given the points A(0, 0), B(2m, 0), and C(2m, 3m), what is the area of the
triangle ABC given that m = 5?
20. Answer: 75
21. Some pizzas boxes were brought to the school reception, at a total cost of $2016.
The average cost per box was $9.60. How many pizza boxes were brought?
21. Answer: 210
22. What is the largest 2-digit prime whose digit sum is 11?
22. Answer: 83
23. The area of the base of a cone is 27 and its height is 7. What is the volume of
the cone?
23. Answer: 63
24. A mobile phone costs $350. Data plan for the phone costs $40/month. Assuming
that you are going to use the phone for 2 years, what is your yearly cost of the phone
including the cost of the data plan?
24. Answer: 655
25. Calculate 13 × 2 + 2016
25. Answer: 2042
26. What is the value of 1! × 2! × 3!?
26. Answer: 12
27. x > 0 and 95 x6 = 25 3
3
x. Find x. Express your answer as a common fraction in
lowest terms.
27. Answer: 5/3
28. Beth bought 5 books: the first had 200 pages, the second 300, the third 400,
the fourth 500, and the fifth 650. What is the average number of pages per book?
28. Answer: 410
29. The circumference of the circle is 10π. What is the perimeter of the inscribed
regular hexagon?

4
Canadian Math Challengers Society

29. Answer: 30

30. Ann and Beth participate in a discussion group of five students. Two of the
participants will be selected at random to present an essay they wrote. What is the
probability that neither Ann nor Beth will present their essays? Express your answer
as common fraction in lowest terms.
30. Answer: 3/10

31. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 11 and the sum of the first two terms
is 21. What is the value of the fourth term of the sequence?
31. Answer: 8
32. In the figure below, ∠ABC = 90o , AB = BD, and AD = CD, What is the

ratio of ∠ABC to ∠DAC?

32. Answer: 4
33. Define x@y = 2x + y. What is the value of 2@3 + 3@2?

5
Canadian Math Challengers Society
33. Answer: 15
34. What integer has binary representation of 10001?
34. Answer: 17
35. What is the smallest common multiple of 4, 5, and 6?
35. Answer: 60
36. The sum of 4 consecutive primes is 102. What is the value of the smallest of
the 4 primes?
36. Answer: 19

37.
√ The measures of the hypotenuse and one of the sides of a right triangle are
314 and 5. What is the measure of the other side?
37. Answer: 17
38. You bought 10 prepaid data cards. The total cost of the first 3 cards was $30.
The cost of the other 7 cards was $9 per card. How many dollars did you pay in
total?
38. Answer: 93 (dollars)
39. Express 0.05 + 0.25 + 0.45 + 0.65 as a fraction in lowest terms.
39. Answer: 75
40. The measure of the area of a circle is 49π. What is the measure of the diameter
of the circle?
40. Answer: 14

41. The combined ages of two sisters is 73. Their age difference is 7. What is the
age of the younger sister?
41. Answer: 33
42. The sum of four different positive odd multiples of 3 is 48. What is the largest
of the 4 numbers?
42. Answer: 21

6
 2016 Blitz, Bull's Eye, and Face Off Questions
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 1
1. What is the sum of all single digit primes? 1. ______________

2. What is the largest common divisor of 16 and 20? 2. ______________

3. What is the smallest common multiple of 16 and 20? 3. ______________

4. One angle of a convex pentagon is a right angle. 4. _____________ ()

What is the sum (in degrees) of the other four angles?

5. You bought 5 pears and 4 apples. The cost of the apples was $0.49 5. _____________($)
each, and the total cost of all apples and pears was $5.41.
What was the cost of each pear?
Provide your answer in $ correct to 2 decimal places.

6. You throw a (6-sided) die twice. What is the probability that on the 6. ______________
second throw you get a larger number than you got on the first throw?
Provide your answer as fraction in simplest form.

7. If you spend on average 70 seconds on each of the 26 Blitz questions, 7. ___________(min)

how many minutes do you spend in total on Blitz?
Round your answer to the nearest integer.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 2
ab
8. a and b are the solutions of x 2  x  2  0 . Find the value of . 8. ______________
ab

9. What percent of 2016 is the number 252? Provide your answer as 9. _____________(%)
decimal correct to 1 decimal place.

10. Braille characters consist of minimum of one and maximum of six 10. ______________
dots in the six positions, as in the figure below.
How many Braille characters in total can be formed?

11. How many Braille characters consist of exactly four dots, of which 11. ______________
at least one is in the middle row? The figure for Question 10
shows one such character.

12. Ann read a book of 600 pages. She read page 1 and then every second 12. ______________
page after page 1 (i.e. she read pages 1, 3, 5, …); then she read every
third page starting at page 1 (i.e. she read pages 1, 4, 7, …); and, then
every fifth page starting at page 1 (i.e. she read pages 1, 6, 11, …).
When she finished reading, how many of the pages she did not read?

13. In Question 12, what is the first page after page 152 that Ann 13. ______________
did not read?

14. What is the value of 1  2  3    38  39  40  39  38    3  2  1? 14. _____________

Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 3
15. The mean of 9 and N is the same as the mean of 10, 11, and N. 15. ______________
What is the value of N?

16. Some Grade 8 students and some grade 9 students work in the biology 16. ______________
lab. If each Grade 8 student is given 2 samples to analyze, and each
Grade 9 student is given 3 samples to analyze, then, in total they are
given 39 samples. If, instead, each Grade 8 student is given 4 samples
to analyze, and each Grade 9 students is given 5 samples to analyze, then, in
total they are given 69 samples. How many Grade 9 students work in the lab?

17. The figure below is of a regular octagon with side 1. 17. ______________
What is the value of the square of the length of the diagonal AE ?
Express your answer as i  j k where i , j , and k are integers?

18. In Question 17, how many diagonals are of the shortest length? 18. ______________

19. In Question 17, what is the area of the octagon? 19. ______________
Express your answer as i  j k where i , j , and k are integers?

20. Take 2016, divide it by 3, and round the result down to the nearest 20. ______________
integer. Keep repeating by dividing the result by 3 and round down
to the nearest integer. How many times you need to do this until
reaching the result of zero?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 4
21. What number is the sum of all odd factors of 2016? 21. ______________

22. How many 11 digit numbers are there using the digit 3 five times 22. ______________
and the digit 4 six times?

23. The hiking club of 8 girls and 7 boys prepares for a weekend activity 23. ______________
and forms a planning committee of 3, of which no more than 2 are boys,
and no more than 2 are girls. In how many ways can it be done?

24. The picture below shows a trapezoid and its two diagonals. The two 24. __________( cm 2 )
parallel sides of the trapezoid have length 4cm and 5cm , and the
trapezoid has area 9cm 2 . What is the area (in cm 2 ) of the shaded region?
Express your answer as fraction in lowest terms.

25. How many positive integers smaller than 2016 contain both 25. ______________
the digits 1 and 2 in their decimal representation?

26. What common fraction with denominator less than 20 26. ______________
7 5
lies between and ?
10 7
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s Eye, Page 1: Problem Solving
1. Alicia and Beti were the only candidates in the election for Student 1. ______________
Council President. Alicia got 56% of the votes, and Beti got the
remaining 44%. Alicia got 144 votes more than Beti.
How many votes did Alicia get?

2. Find the sum of the roots of the equation ( x  63)( x  32)  2016 . 2. ______________

3. There are 5 bowls, which between them contain a total of 100 almonds. 3. ______________
Bowl 1 and Bowl 2 contain a total of 55 almonds.
Bowl 2 and Bowl 3 contain a total of 41 almonds.
Bowl 3 and Bowl 4 contain a total of 36 almonds.
Bowl 4 and Bowl 5 contain a total of 28 almonds.
How many almonds are in Bowl 1?

4. When 2016 is divided by the positive integer M , the remainder is 1. 4. ______________

When 2016 is divided by M  2 , the remainder is 3.
What is the smallest possible value of M ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s Eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
5. Evaluate 1  2  4  5  7  8    55  56  58  59 5. ______________
(the sum of integers from 1 to 59, with every third integer omitted).

6. What number has binary representation of 11111100000? 6. ______________

7. A bowl contains 10 jelly beans, of which 3 are black and the 7. ______________
remaining 7 are yellow. Alphonse eats the jelly beans one at
a time, each time picking a jelly bean at random.
What is the probability that the third jelly bean that he eats
is the second black one that he eats?
Express the answer as a common fraction in lowest terms.

8. What is the largest prime that divides 30!  31!  32!  33! ? 8. ______________
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull’s Eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. What is the area of a triangle with sides 10, 13, and 13? 9. ______________

10. The number of diagonals of a regular polygon is 6 times the number 10. ______________
of the edges of the polygon. How many edges does the polygon have?

11. Two circles, a smaller one, and a larger one with centre at O , 11. ______________
are externally tangent at A . The circles are also tangent to the
line BC where B and C are the tangent points. The line AD
is perpendicular to BC and D is on BC .
What is the ratio of BAD to AOC ?
Express your answer as a common fraction in lowest terms.

12. In Question 11, AB  4 and AC  5 . What is the value of AD ? 12. ______________

m
Express your answer as where m is an integer
n
and n is a prime number.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-Op, Page 1
1. 2 x  1000 . What is the largest integer less than x ? 1. ______________

2. Two circles, one with radius 10 and centre at (0, 0) , and another with 2. ______________
radius 5 and centre at A(5 3, 0) intersect at P(a, b) .
What is the value of a 2 ?

3. In Question 2, you draw a third circle with radius r , such that the 3. ______________
centre of the third circle is at (x,0) , where | x  10 | 5 , and such
that the third circle is tangent to the circle whose centre is at (0,0) .
What is the sum of the radii of all possible such third circles?
Note that two circles are the same if and only if they have
the same centre and the same radius.

4. A positive integer N will be called regular if N  2 a  3b  5c , 4. ______________

where a , b , and c are non-negative integers.
Note that 1 is regular, since 1  2 0 30 50 .
How many integers between 1 and 100 (inclusive) are regular?

1 1 1 1 1
5. Find the sum of     . 5. ______________
3 15 35 63 99
Express the answer as fraction in lowest terms.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-Op, Page 2
6. The map below is of the streets of the great city of Funtodrive. The grid 6. _____________(m)
length is 100 metres so the distance between intersections is either 100
metres, or, in a few cases, 200 metres. The city bylaws do not allow
U-turn at any intersection, and do not allow right or left turns in any
4-street intersection. Also, some segments are one-way, and one must drive
in the direction indicated by the arrows. A taxi driver starts at Point A, picks
up a person at Point B and takes her to Point C, and then drives to Point D to
pick up another person. What is the minimum distance that the driver drove
her taxi (in metres) from her taxi stand at Point A until she reached Point D?

100m
A
B

100m
D

7. There are 8 cards in a box labeled with the numbers 1 to 8 (each card 7. ______________
has a different number). Ann and Ben each draw 4 cards at random,
without replacement. The person whose total sum of the 4 cards is larger
wins. In case of a tie, the person who draws the card bearing the
number 8 wins. Ann begins by drawing the card bearing the number 5.
What is the probability that Ann wins?
Express the answer as fraction in lowest terms.

8. In Question 7, when Ann finishes drawing all her cards and adds 8. ______________
up her numbers, she gets 18. What is the probability that Ann wins?
Express the answer as fraction in lowest terms.

9. An integer is called a palindrome if it reads the same from left to 9. ______________

right as it reads from right to left - (for example: 44, 353, 555, or 1331).
How many palindromes between 10 and 2016 are divisible by 9?

10. In the same range as in Question 9, how many 10. ______________

palindromes are divisible by 7?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-Op, Page 3
11. An airplane flies West above the equator at an altitude of 10 km above 11. ___________(km)
the Pacific Ocean. Assuming that the pilot has a telescope to help her locate
large objects, and assuming that she can see unlimited distance through the air,
how far from the airplane (in km) can a ship on the surface of the ocean be seen
(rounded to the nearest km)? Assume that the radius of the earth is 6400 km
and ignore the height of the ship in your calculations. Note: figure is not to scale.

12. In Question 11, the airplane is traveling West at a speed of 920 km/h, 12. ___________(km)
and the ship is travelling East along the Equator at a speed of 40 km/h.
One minute after the airplane flies directly above the ship, what is the
distance (in km) from the airplane to the ship (rounded to the nearest km)?
13. In Question 12, the ship is traveling East at speed of 40 km/h. How many 13. ____________(h)
hours (rounded to the nearest integer), would it take for the ship to travel an
angle of   5 (5 degrees) along the equator? Note: figure is not to scale.

1 1 1
14. How many ordered pairs (a, b) of integers are there such that   ? 14. ______________
a b 8
Note that if x  y then the ordered pair ( x, y) is different from the ordered
pair ( y, x) . (Hint: note that integers can be either positive, or negative).

15. One circle has radius 5 and centre at O1 , and another circle has radius 7 15. ______________
and centre at O2 . The distance from O1 to O2 is 20. Two parallel tangent
lines with distance of 7 between them are tangent to the circles at points
A and B respectively. What is the distance from A to O2 ? Provide your
answer as N where N is an integer. (Hint: note that O2 O1 A  O1O2 B ).
Canadian Math Challengers Society Provincial 2016 Face-off
Questions and Answers

1. ABCD and ACEF are both squares, and AB = 2. What is the area of the

pentagon ABCEF ?
1. Answer: 10
2. Let P be the sum of the first 50 even positive integers, and let Q be the sum of
the first 50 odd positive integers. What is the value of P − Q?
2. Answer: 50

3. A perfect third power is a number of the form n3 , where n > 0 is a whole number.
How many perfect third powers are there between 1 and 2016, inclusive?
3. Answer: 12
4. Simplify: (210 + 210 + 210 + 210 )1/3
4. Answer: 16
5. How many different triangles with integer side lengths have a perimeter of 11?
(Two triangles are considered different if and only if they have a different set of side
lengths.)
5. Answer: 4

6. What is the average of all the integers between 5 and 27?

6. Answer: 16
7. What is the largest possible number of intersection points of a circle with radius
5 and a square with side 9?
7. Answer: 8

8. Find 34 − 23 .

1
Canadian Math Challengers Society
8. Answer: 73
9. Calculate (3 + 4 + 5) × (3 × 4 × 5)
9. Answer: 720
10. There are four hockey teams and each team plays every other team twice. How
many games are played in total?
10. Answer: 12

11. What is the number of diagonals of a convex hexagon?

11. Answer: 9

12. What is the largest integer N such that N N < 2016?

12. Answer: 4

13. Given that |x − y| = 2 and |x + y| = 2, what is the smallest possible value of x?

13. Answer: −2
14. What is the number of edges of a triangular prism?
14. Answer: 9
15. What is the largest integer smaller than 2016 that is divisible by 2, 3, and 5?
15. Answer: 2010
16. What is the volume of a cone with height 8 and base area 18?
16. Answer: 48
17. What is the number of possible sums when you roll two dice?
17. Answer: 11
18. What is the number of different 2-letter “words” using any of the letters A, B,
and C, possibly more than once?
18. Answer: 9

19. What is the sum of all the single-digit primes?

19. Answer: 17
20. What is the surface area of a box with sides 1, 2, and 3?
20. Answer: 22
21. Find the largest integer N such that N × (N + 300) < 2016.
21. Answer: 6

2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
22. It so happens that there are positive integers a, b, and c such that
355 1
=a+ 1
113 b+ c

What is the value of c?

22. Answer: 16
23. What is the probability of getting exactly 2 heads in 3 tosses of a fair coin?
Express the answer as a common fraction in lowest terms.
23. Answer: 38
24. The length of a field is 3 times the width of the field. The length of the field is
102 metres. What is the perimeter of the field, in metres?
24. Answer: 272 (metres)

25. How many minutes does it take to ride a distance of 20km at a speed of 24
km/h?
25. Answer: 50 (minutes)

26. A circle has centre at (0, 0) and radius 10. The point A(8, y) is on the circle,
where y > 0. What is the value of y?
26. Answer: 6
27. The sequence 128, x, 8, 2, . . . is a geometric sequence. What is the value of x?
27. Answer: 32
28. What is the largest prime factor of 156?
28. Answer: 13
29. If a + b = 7, a + c = 8, and b + c = 9, what is the value of a + b + c?
29. Answer: 12
30. Rhombus ABCD has ∠DAB equal to 124 degrees. Find ∠ABD.

3
Canadian Math Challengers Society

30. Answer: 28
31. You used an equal number of dimes and quarters to pay a total of $3.15. How
many coins did you use in total?
31. Answer: 18

32. Gloria’s mother is 28 years older than Gloria. The sum of their ages is 60.
What is Gloria’s age?
32. Answer: 16
33. How many cm3 are there in 0.0012m3 ?
33. Answer: 1200

4
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2016 Math Challengers Regional (Answer Key for Blitz, Bull’s-Eye, and Co-Op)
Blitz, Page 1 Blitz, Page 2 Blitz, Page 3 Blitz, Page 4
1. 9. 8. 60. 15. 248. 21. 228.

2. 52. 9. 2062. 16. 240. 22. 7.

3. 34. 10. 13. 17. 20. 23. 107.

11
4. . 11. 2. 18. 324. 24. 77.
18

5. 17.99. 12. 6. 19. 125. 25. 31.

6. 63. 13. 9. 20. 27. 26. 115.

161
7. . 14. 6( 3  1) .
25

Bull’s-Eye, Page 1 Bull’s-Eye, Page 2 Bull’s-Eye, Page 3

1. 125. 5. 73. 9. 53.

1
2. 1.65. 6. . 10. 48.
120

1
3. 36. 7. . 11. 7.
12

11
4. 6552. 8. . 12. 30.
30

Co-Op, Page 1 Co-Op, Page 2 Co-Op, Page 3

1
1. 7.06. 6. 9.899. 11. .
16

2. 1.50. 7. 60. 12. 737.

1
3. 1992. 8. 4.36. 13. .
16

1
4. 565066. 9. 0.98. 14. .
6

296
5. 1521. 10. 62. 15. .
5
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2016 Math Challengers Provincial (Answer Key for Blitz, Bull’s-Eye, and Co-Op)
Blitz, Page 1 Blitz, Page 2 Blitz, Page 3 Blitz, Page 4
1. 17. 8. -2. 15. 15. 21. 104.

2. 4. 9. 12.5. 16. 9. 22. 462.

3. 80. 10. 63. 17. 42 2 . 23. 364.

41
4. 450. 11. 14. 18. 8. 24. .
9

5. 0.69. 12. 160. 19. 22 2 . 25. 332.

5 12
6. . 13. 158. 20. 7. 26. .
12 17

7. 30. 14. 1600.

Bull’s-Eye, Page 1 Bull’s-Eye, Page 2 Bull’s-Eye, Page 3

1. 672. 5. 1200. 9. 60.

2. 95. 6. 2016. 10. 15.

7 1
3. 31. 7. . 11. .
60 2

20
4. 31. 8. 211. 12. .
41

Co-Op, Page 1 Co-Op, Page 2 Co-Op, Page 3

1. 9. 6. 5500. 11. 358.

18
2. 75. 7. . 12. 19.
35

1
3. 50. 8. . 13. 14..
2

4. 34. 9. 12. 14. 13.

5
5. . 10. 16. 15. 235 .
11
 2017 Regional Questions February
Blitz, Page 1
Canadian Math Challengers Society
1. Round 100 to the nearest integer: 1. ___________
11

2. What is the number of diagonals of a regular pentagon?

2. ___________

3. What is the remainder when you divide 2017 by 501? 3. ___________

4. You throw two dice. What is the probability that the sum of the two dice is 8?
Express the answer as fraction in lowest terms. 4. ___________

5. What is the value of 2017 ? 5. ___________

2  0 1 7

6. 7 is the same percent of N as 20 is of 400. What is the value of N? 6. ___________

7. How many hours are there in the month of December (31 days)? 7. _________(h)
 Blitz, Page 2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
3
8. A box has volume 200cm and the measure of two of its edges are 4cm
2
and 5cm . What is the total surface area of the box (in cm )?

8. _____ (cm 2 )

9. What is the sum of the first 20 terms of the following sequence: 1,2,3,4,5, ? 9. ___________

2 2
10. Let f ( N )  ( N  1)  N . What is the value of f (2017) ? 10.___________

11. You bought on line an app whose cost was $0.99 USD, and you paid for it in
Canadian Dollars ($). If each Canadian Dollar was worth 0.80 USD, how much did
you pay? Express your answer in Canadian Dollars correct to 2 decimal places.
(For example: an answer of 1.33 is of the correct format). 11._________($)

12. Grade 8 has 120 students and Grade 9 has 210 students. 100 students were
selected to participate in a parade in such a way so that the number of Grade 8
participants and the number of Grade 9 participants reflect as close as possible
their share of the total sum of grades 8 and 9 students.
How many students from Grade 9 were selected? 12.___________

13. Abe and Betty start to walk from the same place, at the same time,
km
but in the opposite directions. Abe walks at speed of 6.1 ,
h
km
and Betty walks at speed of 6.5 .
h
What is the distance in metres (m), between them, after 3 minutes? 13.________(m)

3
14. A pipe transports 9m (9 cubic metres) of water per hour.
How many litres (L) does it transport per second?
Express your answer correct to one decimal place. 14.________(L)
 Blitz, Page 3
15. What is the value of 1!(1!2!)  (1!2!3!)  (1!2!3!4!) ?
Canadian Math Challengers Society
15.___________

16. Express 0.13333 as fraction in lowest terms. 16.___________

17. Consider the following set of 4 digits: {2,0,1,7} . Julia writes a positive number
using one or more of the above 4 digits, and each digit is used at most once.
How many such numbers can she write? 17.___________

18. Divide $364 among Alfa, Beta, and Gamma so that for every $2 that Alfa gets,
Beta gets $2.25 and Gamma gets $2.75. How many dollars does Beta get? 18._________($)

19. The centre of a square is at the point (1,1) . One of the vertices of the
square is at the point (6,4) . What is the area of the square?

19. __________

20. The club had a surplus of $2017 last year. The budget committee decided to move at
least $995, but no more than $1000, to the next year budget; and divide the rest of the
surplus equally among all the members.
If each member got $5.25, how many members are there? 20.___________
 Blitz, Page 4
Canadian Math Challengers Society
21. The measure of the side of the external regular hexagon below is 2.
What is the area of the shaded region?
Express your answer as m n where m and n are both primes.

21.___________

22. Ann takes a 20 multiple choice questions math test. For every correct answer
she gets 5 marks, for every question left blank, 1 mark, and -2 for every
wrong answer. Ann correctly answered exactly 6 questions.
What is the maximum total score that she could get? 22. __________

23. In Question 22, how many different marks could she get
if she correctly answered exactly 6 questions? 23. __________

24. The sum of 11 consecutive multiples of 11 is smaller than 1000.

What is the largest possible value of the largest of these 11 numbers? 24.___________

25. The shaded triangle below is right-angled at C , and its legs AC and BC
have, respectively, length 1 and 1 . The triangle is inscribed in a rectangle
3 4
as shown. What is the perimeter of the rectangle?
Express the answer as a common fraction in lowest terms.

25. __________

26. The digit sum of 2017 is 10. What is the smallest number N that is not
a prime and whose digit sum is 10, and so is the sum of the digit sums
of all of its distinct prime factors? 26. __________
 Bull’s-Eye, Page 1: Problem Solving
Canadian Math Challengers Society
1. Use the flow chart below:

Take an integer N.
Step 1: Multiply by 5. Check: is it greater than 1000? If NO: go back to Step 1.
If YES go to Step 2. Step 2: divide by 11. Step 3: round down to the nearest integer.
If the number you received after Step 3 is 101 what is the largest possible value of N? 1. ___________

3
2. How many cubic metres ( m ) of water are needed for a factory, if it plans
3
to fill up 1.2 million bottles, each contains 400 millilitres of water? 2. _______( m )

3. A Prius car uses 5.0 litres of fuel for every 100km if driven on the highway,
and 7.5 litres of fuel for every 100km if driven on city streets. The cost of the
fuel is $1.50/litre. On average, a car is driven 60% of total distance travelled
on the highway, and 40% on city streets. How many km , on average, is it
driven with $1.00 of fuel? Express your answer correct to two decimal places. 3. _______( km )

4. The cost of a book is N dollars plus M cents where N and M are both
integers greater than 10, both are multiples of 9, and M  100 . You handed
to the cashier K dollars where K is an integer and got change of N dollars
9
and M cents. What was the smallest possible number of dollars
9
that you could have handed to the cashier? 4. _________($)
 Bull’s-Eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
Canadian Math Challengers Society
5. The sum of the squares of 3 consecutive positive integers is equal to 2525.
What is the sum of the 3 integers? 5. ___________

6. Ann wrote down 10 repetitions of the sequence 0123456789 AB (a total of 120

symbols of the following sequence):
0123456789 AB0123456789 AB0123456789 AB 0123456789 AB .
Then, she removed every symbol in an odd position in the sequence, starting from
the left. So, she removed the leftmost 0, the leftmost 2, and so on. Then
she removed every symbol in an odd position in the sequence that remained,
again starting from the left. She kept on doing this until only one symbol
of the entire original sequence remained. What was that symbol? 6. ___________

7. You write the number 10000 as the sum of other positive numbers, all of which
consists of the digit 4 (so the numbers could be 4, 44, 444, and 4444).
What is the smallest number of the digit 4 that you need? 7. ___________

8. Three dice are painted blue on all odd faces and are painted red on all even faces.
You throw the three dice and note that exactly two of the dice landed face up
with same colour. You also note the sum of the three dice.
What is the probability that sum is 12?
Express the answer as fraction in lowest terms. 8. ___________
 Bull’s-Eye, Page 3: Geometry
Canadian Math Challengers Society
9.

Two side by side squares are inserted in a right-angled

ABC as shown. The square on the right has side 4, and the
square on the left has side 3. What is the area of ABC ?
Express your answer as a common fraction in lowest terms.

9.____________
10.

The circumference of the fore and hind wheels of a carriage are 7 and
2
11 metres respectively. A chalk mark is put on the point of contact of
3
each wheel with the ground before the carriage starts moving on a
straight road. How far (in metres) does the carriage have to travel before
the chalk marks will both be on the ground at the same time?

10.________(m)
11.

The point P0 on the coordinate system is located at the origin (0,0) .

Point P1 is at (1,0) , and the coordinates of the point Pn for n  1 are
defined in such way so that direction of consecutive segments between
points change angle by 90 counter clock wise, and segment’s length is
increased by 1. Thus, P2 is located at (1,2) , P3 is located at (2,2) ,
P4 is located at (2,2) , P5 is located at (3,2) , and so on (see
figure). What is the distance from P28 to P32 ?
Express the answer as n m , where n is integer and m prime.

11.___________
12.

The large triangle, ABC , is right-angled with legs 5 and 3. The lines BE
and CD are drawn such that D and E are, respectively, on AB and AC ,
and such that AD  2 , DB  3 , AE  2 , and EC  1 . What is the area
of the shaded quadrilateral region?
Express the answer as a common fraction in lowest terms.

12.____________
 Co-Op, Page 1
Canadian Math Challengers Society
(Team answers must be on coloured page. Answers on a white page will not be marked.)
y
1. x 20  10 , and y 8  100 . Find the value of ( )10 . 1. ___________
x

2. What is the smallest positive number that is a multiple of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 2017?
(Hint: 2017 is prime). 2. ___________

3. What is the sum of all the digits of all the integers from 1 to 999, inclusive? 3. ___________

4. What is the smallest possible area of a right isosceles triangle with vertices
at (0,0) and (7,9) ? Express your answer as fraction in lowest terms.

4. ___________

5. Andy owes Bob $100. In how many different ways can he pay off the debt using
a combination of 0 or more $20 bills, 0 or more $10 bills, and 0 or more $5 bills? 5. ___________
 Co-Op, Page 2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
(Team answers must be on coloured page. Answers on a white page will not be marked.)
6. A club party is scheduled for the 4 boys and 4 girls of the club. Two of the boys,
(Zen and Yan), will come for sure, and the other two boys each has 50% chance of
coming. Three of the girls, (Zilpa, Yolanda, and Xiena), will come for sure, and
the fourth girl has 50% chance of coming.
What is the probability that the same number of boys and girls will be at the party?
Express your answer as fraction in lowest terms. 6.___________

7. A running track comprised of two 50 metre (m), straight, parallel, stretches, connected by
two semicircular ends, each of 25 metre radius. Lois and Amanda start running together
at the same time from the same place on the track and both run in the same direction.
Lois and Amanda run at 8.0 km and 10.0 km , respectively. At the time Amanda passes
h h
Lois for the first time after they start running, how far (in metres) has she run?
Use   3.14159 and round you answer to one decimal place.

7. _________(m)

8. In Question 7, Amanda ran a total of 6km , and Lois ran a total of 5km .
How much more time (in seconds) did Lois run than Amanda? 8.__________(s)

9. Consider the following sequence: 1,1,2,1,2,3,1,2,3,4,

What is the value of the 2017-th term? 9. ___________

10. Consider all 6-digit numbers of the form 1a2b3c ,

where each of a , b , and c are digits between 0 and 9 (inclusive).
How many of these 6-digit numbers are divisible by 15? 10.___________
 Co-Op, Page 3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
(Team answers must be on coloured page. Answers on a white page will not be marked.)
11. Anetta prepared fruit salad for her 4 hungry sons as they came back from school.
Abe, who was the first to come, ate 420 grams (g).
Ben, who came second, ate 1 of what was left.
3
Cary, who came third, was not that hungry and had 1 of what was left.
7
Dan, the last to come, was very hungry and had 897 grams.
The rest of the salad, (3% of the original amount), was placed in the composter.
How much salad (in grams) was prepared? 11._________(g)

12. The figure below shows a quarter circle with radius 1 and centre at O(0,0) ,
and points A(1,0) and B(0,1) on the quarter circle. P (1, m) is defined such that:
(a) m  0 , and, (b) the area of OAP is half of the area of the quarter circle.
What is the length of OP (correct to 2 decimal places)?

12.___________

13. 9 students, of which 3 are boys and 6 are girls, are sitting in a row of 9 seats.
The seats are labeled 1 to 9 from left to right.
In how many different ways can the students sit if no boy sits next to another boy? 13.___________

14. The 9 students (in Question 13) are given at random the numbers 1 to 9 to
indicate which seat to take. If the total of the numbers given to the boys is 12,
what is the probability that none of the boys are sitting next to each other?
Provide the answer as fraction in lowest terms. 14.___________

15. How many Social Insurance Numbers (SIN) can be issued by the Government of
Canada if: (a) the use of the number 0 is not allowed in the first 3 digits, (b) no digit
is allowed to be used more than 5 times, and (c) each SIN consists of 8 digits? 15.___________
Canadian Math Challengers Society
2017 Face Off Regional (Judge Version): Released questions 1-38.

1. Both ABC and ABD are right triangles. AB  AC , and AD  2 .

What is the area of ABC ?

Answer: 4.

2. What is the largest value of integer N such that N ( N  1)  2017 ?

Answer 44.

3. What is the value of ( 2  0  1  7)  (0  2)  (1  8) ?

Answer: 180.

4. What is the value of the smallest prime larger than 50?

Answer 53.

5. How many different sums can you get when you roll 3 dice?
Answer 16.

6. What is the smallest integer number that is greater than 2017 and is also a
multiple of 21?
Answer 2037.

7. How many buckets of water, 20 litres each, are needed to entirely fill a one
cubic metre container?
Answer 50.

8. Express 0.2 as fraction in lowest terms.

1
Answer .
5

9. Find the average value of {1,2,3,4,10} .

Answer 4.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
10. What is the smallest value of integer N such that N! 1000?
Answer 7.

11. What is the digit sum of the number 135?

Answer 9.

12. You roll 2 dice. What is the probability to get a sum of 8? Provide your
answer as fraction in lowest terms.
5
Answer .
36

13. Calculate: ( 10)  ( 9)  ( 8)    10  11  12 

Answer 23.

14. The sum of two different primes is another prime. What is the value of the
smaller of these two primes?
Answer 2.

15. A container has 40 marbles (green and blue). 23 are green. How many blue
marbles are there in the container?
Answer 17.

16. What is the sum of all odd numbers, each between 10 and 20?
Answer 75.

17. How many different 4 letter “words” can you make by reordering the letters of
the “word” POPS?
Answer 12.

18. Calculate: 1  2  3  4  5  6 
Answer 33.

19. The bus ride took 20 minutes at an average speed of 0.6 km/minute. How long
(in km) was the ride?
Answer 12.

20. A flat screen TV (before tax of 12%) costs $312. What is the cost of the TV,
with tax, rounded to the nearest dollar?
Answer 349

21. What is the smallest value of integer N such that | N  2 |  | N  1 | 4 ?

Answer -2.

22. What is the average value of 10, 20, and 60?

Answer 30.

23. Round 2017/101 to the nearest integer.

Answer 20.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
24. ABCDE is a regular pentagon. What is the value, (in degrees), of ACB ?

Answer 36.

25. How many positive non prime numbers are there smaller than 20? Note that 1
is not a prime number.
Answer 11.

26. Dan walks to his school, 1.32 km away, in 20 minutes. What is his average
speed in metres/second? Provide your answer correct to one decimal place.
Answer 1.1.

27. The sum of two angles of a triangle is 125 degrees. What is the value, (in
degrees), of the third angle?
Answer 55.

28. What is the sum of all factors of 12? Please note that 1 and 12 are factors of
12.
Answer 28.

29. A bag has 100 marbles, of which 98 are white, and 2 are black. You take out 8
white marbles and place them on the table. Then you take out at random
another marble from the bag. What is the probability that it is black? Express
your answer as fraction in lowest terms.
1
Answer .
46
30. What is the decimal expression of the binary number 111111?
Answer 63.

31. Find the smallest multiple of 7 that is larger than 80.

Answer 84.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
32. Zev hands the cashier exactly 50 cents for the candy he bought. He uses only
dimes and nickels. How many different total number of coins can he hand the
cashier?
Answer 6.

33. In the diagram, the origin (0,0) is on the line as shown.

What is the value of x ?

Answer 9.

34. You bought a cookie and paid for it $3.25, in quarters only. How many
quarters did you use?
Answer 13.

35. What is the value of the largest common divisor of 54 and 360?
Answer 18.

36. What is the median value of {1,6,3,2,5,12,12} ?

Answer 5.

37. What is the largest prime N such that 1  2    N  2017 ?

Answer 5.

38. What is the value of 50% of 20% of 50% of 1000?

Answer 50.
 2017 Math Challengers Regional (Answer Key for Blitz, Bull’s-Eye, and Co-Op)
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 1 Blitz, Page 2 Blitz, Page 3 Blitz, Page 4
1. 9 8. 220 15. 891 21. 2 3

2. 5 9. 210 16. 2 22. 44

15

3. 13 10. 4035 17. 48 23. 15

4. 5 11. 1.24 18. 117 24. 143

36

5. 34 12. 64 19. 116 25. 37

30

6. 140 13. 630 20. 194 26. 136

7. 744 14. 2.5

Bull’s-Eye, Page 1 Bull’s-Eye, Page 2 Bull’s-Eye, Page 3

1. 224 5. 87 9. 128
3

2. 480 6. 3 10. 77

3. 11.11 7. 25 11. 2 2

4. 21 8. 1 12. 28
9 11

Co-Op, Page 1 Co-Op, Page 2 Co-Op, Page 3

1. 100 6. 3 11. 2100
8

2. 2541420 7. 1285.4 12. 1.27

3. 13500 8. 90 13. 151200

4. 65 9. 1 14. 3
2 7

5. 36 10. 67 15. 72880632

 2017 Provincial Questions
Canadian Math Challengers Socie
Blitz, Page 1
1. 2017 is a prime number and its digit sum is 10. What is the smallest prime number
whose digit sum is 10? 1.

2. How many hours are there in one full week (7 days)? 2. (h )

3. You tossed a fair coin three times.

What is the probability that you tossed Head exactly twice? 3.

4. The cost of a pair of gloves is $9.65, and the cost of a scarf is $19.30.
You bought 3 pairs of gloves and 2 scarves.
How many dollars did you pay, in total, rounded to the nearest whole dollar? 4. ($)

5. What is 30% of 40% of 50% of 60% of 1000? 5.

6. The average value of 3,10,40,x, and 1 is 10. What is the value of x ? 6.

7. One angle of a pentagon is a right angle (90° ). All other angles of the
pentagon are the same. What is the value of each of the other angles,
in degrees, correct to one decimal place?

7. (0)
Canadian Math Challengers Socie
Blitz, Page 2
8. Consider the two numbers: 120 and 150. What is the ratio if you divide the
largest common divisor of these two numbers by the smallest common multiple
of these two numbers? Express your answer as fraction in lowest terms. 8.

9. The diagram below shows a convex quadrilateral, ABCD. The measure of LB

is twice the measure of LA , the measure of LC is twice the measure of LB ,
and the measure of LD is five times the measure of LA . Note that the diagram
is not drawn to scale. What is the degree measure of ZD?
B

9. (0)

10. A bowl contains 48 marbles. Of these, 12 are red, 12 are yellow, 12 are green,
and 12 are blue. Apart from colour, the marbles are identical. If Anna is
blindfolded, what is the least number of marbles she must remove from
the bowl to be sure to get at least 5 marbles of the same colour? 10.

11. For any real numbers a,b,c, and d, let F(a,b,c,d)= ad — bc .

If F(4,x,-3,4) = 100 , what is the value of x? 11.

12. Approximate V4000 to the nearest integer. 12.

13. What is the largest number of different primes that add up to 72? 13.

14. The ratio of the volume of cube A to the volume of cube B is 32.
What is the ratio of the surface area of cube A to the surface area of cube B?
Round your answer to the nearest integer. 14.
Canadian Math Challengers Societ
Blitz, Page 3
15. A triangle has vertices at (0,0) , (4,-3) , and (9,12) . What is the measure
of the largest side of the triangle? Round your answer to the nearest integer.
9.12

(0, 0;
(4.- 15.

16. How many positive integers consist of the digits {2,0,1,7} where each of the
four digits can only be used maximum of one time?
Example of such integers are 1, 10, 721, and 2017. 16.

17. A cube has volume 4096cm3 (cubic centimetre). The measure of each side is
increased by 16mm (millimetre). By what percentage is the volume increased?
Provide your answer correct to one decimal place. 17. (%)

18. A farmer has 1247 sheep and 731 goats. He forms them into flocks, keeping
sheep and goats separate, and having the same number of animals in all flocks.
If these flocks are as large as possible, how many flocks will there be altogether? 18.

19. Susan borrowed $5,000 at 6.0% annual interest, compounded annually.

If the loan is repaid in full two years after the money is borrowed,
how much interest, in dollars, will Susan pay? 19. ($)

20. In Question 19, an amount of N dollars of the $5000 loan is repaid one year
after the money is borrowed, and the balance (principal plus interest) is repaid
one year after the initial payment of N dollars. In total,
Susan paid $498 of interest. What is the value of N? 20. ($)
Canadian Math Challengers Socie
Blitz, Page 4
21. What is the smallest number that, when divided by any of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 or 10,
it leaves a remainder 1, and when divided by 11, it leaves no remainder? 21.

22. When the bus left its first stop, A , it had N > 0 passengers. At the next stop, B ,
K
none got off the bus, and N +15 got on the bus. At the next stop, u , — , ( K > V),
2
K
got off the bus, and none got on the bus. At the next stop, D , — got on the bus,
3
N K N
and — got off the bus. At the next stop, E , — got on the bus, and — got off
2 6 2
the bus. At the next stop, F , (the last stop), all remaining 17 passengers got off
the bus. What is the maximum possible value of K ?
A B C DE
22.

23. A bus from the main bus terminal in Vancouver leaves to Abbotsford every hour on
the hour throughout the day. A bus to Victoria leaves every 2 hours, at 45 minutes
after the hour. A bus to Whistler leaves every 3 hours, at 15 minutes after the hour.
Greg arrives at the bus terminal, at random, after 11 AM, but no later than 5 PM.
What is the probability that the first bus he sees leaving the terminal, is for Victoria?
Provide the answer as fraction in lowest terms. 23.

n + 20
24. Find the sum of all integer solutions of the following inequality: I I> 3 ,
n +1
where n # —1. 24.

25. What is the smallest positive integer that, when divided by 2017, leaves 20 as
remainder, and when divided by 100, leaves 17 as remainder? 25.

26. The vertices of the quadrilateral ABCD are on a circle as shown. AB = L ,

CD = M , and AD = N , are all even numbers, L < M < N . The diagonals,
AC = P , and BD = Q , are both integers, and AD is a diameter. What is the
smallest possible value of N ? Note that the diagram is not drawn to scale.
(Hint: ABD and ACD are Pythagorean triangle).
B

26.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull's-Eye, Page 1: Word Problems
1. The travel distances, in km, between point A and point B are: 60 by air,
91 by land, and 121 by sea. The travel distances between point B and point C are
(respectively): 75,122, and 75. The travel distances between point C and point A
are (respectively): 90,100, and 105. Greg starts at A, travels to B, then to C, then
back to A. What is the shortest distance he could travel, in km , if he must use all
three modes of transportation exactly once each? 1. (km)

2. On TV, between 12 Midnight and 6 AM there are 5 minutes of advertisement

during each hour. Between 6 AM and 11AM there are 15 minutes of advertisement
during each hour. Between 11 AM and 4 PM there are 10 minutes of advertisement
during each hour. Between 4 PM and 12 Midnight there are 20 minutes of
advertisement during each hour. What is the average daily advertisement rate on TV,
in percent, rounded to the nearest integer, throughout the entire period of 24 hours? 2. (%)

3. Two painters, A and B, are painting a room. They paint at the same constant rate, but

A started painting later than B did. An hour ago, A has only painted —
1 as large an area
4
1
as B had. By now, A has painted a total area — as large as B had. How many minutes
2
3
from now will A have painted a total area — as large as B will have painted by then? 3. (m)
4

m
4. Sam planned to drive from point A to point B at speed of 90 , (kilometres per
hour). At point C on the way, 60km away from point B , the car broke down, and a
tow truck was called immediately, and left 42 minutes later from point B , at speed of
km
120 — , reached point C , and immediately towed Sam and the stalled car to point B ,
km
at speed of 75 — . It took Sam twice as much time as originally planned to get to

point B from point A . Note that the diagram is not drawn to scale.
What is the distance, in km , from point A to point B?
A
4. (km)
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Bull's-Eye, Page 2: Numbers
5. What is the remainder when 2001+ 2002+ 2003+ + 2015+ 2016
is divided by 2017? 5.

6. A group of students has 12 members, 4 from Burnaby, 4 from Richmond, and

4 from Vancouver. Three students of the group are chosen at random to form a
committee (of 3 students). What is the probability that the committee has a
member from each of the 3 cities? Express the answer as fraction in lowest terms. 6.

7. How many integers from 1 to 20 (inclusive) can be written as the difference of the
2 2
squares of two integers? Note, for example, that 1 = 1 — 0 , so 1 can be written
as the difference of the squares of two integers. 7.

8. What is the value of 0.03170170170...+0.53163163163...?

Provide your answer as fraction in lowest terms. 8.
Canadian Math Challengers Socie
Bull's-Eye, Page 3: Geometry
9. The figure below is made of 10 identical squares. If the perimeter of the figure
2
is 1 metre, (m), what is the area, in square inetres, ( m ), of the figure.
Express the answer as common fraction in lowest terms.

2
9. (m )

10. You combine 3 identical triangles with edges 3,4, and 5 to form a convex
pentagon. What is the largest possible perimeter of this pentagon? 10.

11. For shipping a box, Canada Post charges either by its dimensions
($40.00 x (the total measure in metres (m) of its length + width + height)),
or by its weight ($4.00 x number of kg ) - whichever of the two ways of
calculation that is larger. A box carrying the Math Challengers trophies is
shipped. Its dimensions are 40 by 60 by 80 centimetre, (cm), and its average
kg 3
density is 0.1 . Note that one litre is 1000cm .
litre
What was the shipping costs, in dollars, correct to 2 decimal places?

12. A tetrahedron is a body consisting of 4 vertices and 4 identical triangular faces

as in the schematic figure below. If the height of the tetrahedron is of length 1,
what is the total surface area of the tetrahedron?
LVM
Express your answer as where L , M , and N are primes.
N

12.
Canadian Math Challengers Socie
Co-Op, Page 1
1. If you are allowed to rearrange the order of the digits in the number 20170408,
how many different numbers can you get? Note that all digits of the original
number must be used and the digit 0 cannot be the first digit.

2. Let F(1,1) =1. For n >1, F(n,1) = 4nF(1,1).

For m > 1, F(n,m)=5mF(n,1). What is the value of F(3,6) ? 2.

3. An integer consists of 30 digits such that any 7 consecutive digits are different.
What is the maximum possible sum of all the 30 digits? 3.

4. As in Question 3, an integer consists of 30 digits such that any 7 consecutive

digits are different, and also such that each digit appears at least once.
What is the minimum possible sum of all the 30 digits
if the digit 9 appears at least 3 times? 4.

5. On the desk, there are 11 identical $1 coins. In how many ways you can divide
them into one or more piles of coins so that each pile has at least 2 coins? 5.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Co-Op, Page 2
6. Let 52a 4_ 53b
+54c 5 + 556e= 5x , where a,b,c,d,e, and x
5 + 55d
are positive integers. What is the smallest possible value of x ? 6.

7. The surface area of the cone below is 1000cm2 . The ratio of the height of
3
the cone to the radius of its base is — . What is the volume of the cone,
2
rounded to the nearest 100cm 3 ? An answer of 1100 is of the correct
format while an answer of 1076 is of the wrong format.

7. (cm 3 )

8. What is the remainder if you divide 231 by 31? 8.

9. You want to construct a 400m (metres) running track consisting of 2 straight

segments of 100m each, and 2 half circles with the same radius, r.
What is the radius, r, in m ,of the half circles? Note that the figure is
not drawn to scale. Express your answer correct to 1 decimal place.
100 m

100 m 9. (m )

10. In Question 9, the track consists of 9 parallel lanes, and each lane of the track
is 1.25m wide. If the 400m is measured as the length of the inner boundary
of the inner most lane, what is the total length, in m , of the outer boundary of
the outer most lane, rounded to the nearest integer? 10. m)
Canadian Math Challengers Societ
Co-Op, Page 3
11. You have 51 cards numbered 1,2,3,... ,50,51 (a different number for each card).
You remove one card at random, look at it, and notice that it is divisible by 5.
You, then, remove a second (different) card at random.
What is the probability that the number of the second card is divisible by 3?
Express your answer as fraction in lowest term. 11.

12. How many 5-digits numbers are there, using the digits 1,2,3,4, and 5,
exactly once each, such that at most one digit is larger than its preceding digit?
Note: 54321 and 52431 are allowed, while 52341 is not allowed. 12.

13. The number 7 can be expressed as a sum of primes in the following 3 ways:
7,5 + 2,3 + 2+ 2.
In how many ways can the number 19 be expressed as a sum of primes? 13.

14. The sum of the opposite faces of a traditional die is always 7. One face of one
traditional die is selected at random and is glued to the face of another traditional
die such that the two glued faces have the same number.
You roll the glued dice so that from above you can see one face of each die.
If the sum of the two visible faces from above is 8, what is the probability
that the two faces with the number 1 are glued together?
Express your answer as common fraction in lowest terms.

14.

15. Let 0 be a point inside square ABCD . Given that 0A=1 , OB = 4,

and OC = 5 , find the area of the square ABCD .
Note that the figure is not drawn to scale.

D C

A 15.
Canadian M
Math Challengers
Provincial Competition
Face-off Round 2017
 1. The square below has corners at
(5, 0), (0, 5), (−5, 0), and (0, −5).
Canadian M
How many points with integer
coordinates are located on the
perimeter of the square?
 1. The square below has corners at
(5, 0), (0, 5), (−5, 0), and (0, −5).
Canadian M
How many points with integer
coordinates are located on the
perimeter of the square?

Answer: 20
Canadian M
2. N and N + 6 are consecutive
primes. What is the smallest possible
value of N?
Canadian M
2. N and N + 6 are consecutive
primes. What is the smallest possible
value of N?
Answer: 23
Canadian M
3. You write all the numbers from 1
to 11. What is the sum of all the
individual digits that you wrote?
Canadian M
3. You write all the numbers from 1
to 11. What is the sum of all the
individual digits that you wrote?
Answer: 48
 4. You bought 2 Kit-Kat bars and 3
Canadian M
Crunchy bars and paid a total of
$2.65. If you paid $0.49 for each
Crunchy bar, what was the price of
each Kit-Kat bar? Give the answer in
dollars, to two decimal digits.
 4. You bought 2 Kit-Kat bars and 3
Canadian M
Crunchy bars and paid a total of
$2.65. If you paid $0.49 for each
Crunchy bar, what was the price of
each Kit-Kat bar? Give the answer in
dollars, to two decimal digits.
Answer: $0.59
 5. You borrow $600 for a year at a
Canadian M
yearly interest of 6.5%. How many
dollars do you have to give back
(principal plus interest) at the end of
the year?
 5. You borrow $600 for a year at a
Canadian M
yearly interest of 6.5%. How many
dollars do you have to give back
(principal plus interest) at the end of
the year?
Answer: 639
Canadian M
6. 2017 has 365 days and January 1
was on Sunday. What day of the
week will be the last day of 2017
(December 31)?
Canadian M
6. 2017 has 365 days and January 1
was on Sunday. What day of the
week will be the last day of 2017
(December 31)?
Answer: Sunday
 7. How many ways are there to get
from point A to point B if you are
Canadian M
only allowed to move either up or to
the right along the grid lines?
 7. How many ways are there to get
from point A to point B if you are
Canadian M
only allowed to move either up or to
the right along the grid lines?

Answer: 10
Canadian M
8. How many hours are there in one
week?
Canadian M
8. How many hours are there in one
week?
Answer: 168
 9. What is the smallest positive
Canadian M
integer which can be expressed as the
sum of 4 consecutive multiples of 3,
some of which could be 0 or
negative?
 9. What is the smallest positive
Canadian M
integer which can be expressed as the
sum of 4 consecutive multiples of 3,
some of which could be 0 or
negative?
Answer: 6
Canadian M
√
10. Evaluate: √ 40 .
2.5
Canadian M
√
10. Evaluate: √ 40 .
2.5
Answer: 4
Canadian M
11. What is the remainder of 2017
divided by 333?
Canadian M
11. What is the remainder of 2017
divided by 333?
Answer: 19
Canadian M
12. The sum of 3 primes is 100.
What is the value of the smallest of
the three primes?
Canadian M
12. The sum of 3 primes is 100.
What is the value of the smallest of
the three primes?
Answer: 2
 13. The measures of the two
diagonals of a rhombus are 30 and
Canadian M
40. What is the measure of a side of
this rhombus?
 13. The measures of the two
diagonals of a rhombus are 30 and
Canadian M
40. What is the measure of a side of
this rhombus?

Answer: 25
Canadian M
14. What is the digit sum of the
square of the digit sum of 20170408?
Canadian M
14. What is the digit sum of the
square of the digit sum of 20170408?
Answer: 16
 15. Last night, Alphonse lost
Canadian M
two-thirds of his marbles. This
morning, he found one-half of the
marbles he had lost. What common
fraction of his original collection does
he now have?
 15. Last night, Alphonse lost
Canadian M
two-thirds of his marbles. This
morning, he found one-half of the
marbles he had lost. What common
fraction of his original collection does
he now have?
2
Answer: 3
Canadian M
16. Forty-eight is 16% of what
number?
Canadian M
16. Forty-eight is 16% of what
number?
Answer: 300
Canadian M
17. What is the value of
20 + 0 1 + 1 7 + 7 2 ?
Canadian M
17. What is the value of
20 + 0 1 + 1 7 + 7 2 ?
Answer: 51
Canadian M
18. What is the sum of the
reciprocal of 2 and the reciprocal of
3? Express the answer as a common
fraction.
Canadian M
18. What is the sum of the
reciprocal of 2 and the reciprocal of
3? Express the answer as a common
fraction.
5
Answer: 6
Canadian M
19. What percent of 7 17 (seven and
one-seventh) is 6 17 (six and
one-seventh)?
Canadian M
19. What percent of 7 17 (seven and
one-seventh) is 6 17 (six and
one-seventh)?
Answer: 86
Canadian M
20. What is the area of a square
with perimeter 44?
Canadian M
20. What is the area of a square
with perimeter 44?
Answer: 121
 21. While producing answers for 44
Canadian M
Math Challengers questions, Andrew
got over 6% of them wrong. What is
the largest number of questions for
which Andrew could have the right
answer?
 21. While producing answers for 44
Canadian M
Math Challengers questions, Andrew
got over 6% of them wrong. What is
the largest number of questions for
which Andrew could have the right
answer?
Answer: 41 (questions)
Canadian M
10!×7!×4!
22. Evaluate 9!×6!×3!
Canadian M
10!×7!×4!
22. Evaluate 9!×6!×3!
Answer: 280
 23. If N is a two-digit number, let
Canadian M
N be the number obtained by
interchanging the two digits of N.
Given that N + N = 110, what is the
largest possible value of N?
 23. If N is a two-digit number, let
Canadian M
N be the number obtained by
interchanging the two digits of N.
Given that N + N = 110, what is the
largest possible value of N?
Answer: 91
 24. 720 students take part in a
Math Challengers contest. Each
Canadian M
competes in the grade 8 category or
the grade 9 category, not both. If
468 are in the grade 9 category, how
many percent of the students
compete in the grade 8 category?
 24. 720 students take part in a
Math Challengers contest. Each
Canadian M
competes in the grade 8 category or
the grade 9 category, not both. If
468 are in the grade 9 category, how
many percent of the students
compete in the grade 8 category?
Answer: 35 (percent)
Canadian M
√ 1
9+
25. Simplify √ 1 7
7
Canadian M
√ 1
9+
25. Simplify √ 1 7
7

Answer: 8
 26. Call an integer n good if n > 0
Canadian M
and 2 divides n, 3 divides n + 1, 4
divides n + 2, and 5 divides n + 3.
The smallest good integer is 2. What
is the next good integer?
 26. Call an integer n good if n > 0
Canadian M
and 2 divides n, 3 divides n + 1, 4
divides n + 2, and 5 divides n + 3.
The smallest good integer is 2. What
is the next good integer?
Answer: 62
 27. A shop sells vegetarian samosas
at 3 for a dollar, and chicken samosas
Canadian M
at 2 for a dollar. Alan spent $20, half
the money on vegetarian samosas,
and half on chicken samosas.
Altogether, how many samosas did
Alan buy?
 27. A shop sells vegetarian samosas
at 3 for a dollar, and chicken samosas
Canadian M
at 2 for a dollar. Alan spent $20, half
the money on vegetarian samosas,
and half on chicken samosas.
Altogether, how many samosas did
Alan buy?
Answer: 50 (samosas)
Canadian M
28. If a barrel leaks 750 mL
(millilitres) a week, how many weeks
will it take for its volume to go from
78 L (litres) down to 69 L (litres)?
Canadian M
28. If a barrel leaks 750 mL
(millilitres) a week, how many weeks
will it take for its volume to go from
78 L (litres) down to 69 L (litres)?
Answer: 12 (weeks)
Canadian M
29. What is the value of 35 × 35?
Canadian M
29. What is the value of 35 × 35?
Answer: 1225
 30. Store A sells a TV for 24% less
Canadian M
than Store C. Store B sells the same
TV for 5% less than Store C. By how
many percent is the TV at Store B
more expensive than it is at Store A?
 30. Store A sells a TV for 24% less
Canadian M
than Store C. Store B sells the same
TV for 5% less than Store C. By how
many percent is the TV at Store B
more expensive than it is at Store A?
Answer: 25 (percent)
Canadian M
31. B is the subset of all the odd
numbers of
A = {1, 2, 3, . . . , 9, 10, 11}. How
many numbers are in B?
Canadian M
31. B is the subset of all the odd
numbers of
A = {1, 2, 3, . . . , 9, 10, 11}. How
many numbers are in B?
Answer: 6
Canadian Math Challengers Soc
2017 Math Challengers Provincial Answer Key (Blitz, and Bull's-Eye)
Blitz, Page 1 Blitz, Page 2 Blitz, Page 3 Blitz, Page 4
1
1. 19. 8. - . 15. 16. 21. 25201.
20

2. 168. 9. 150. 16. 48. 22. 36.

3 1
3. 10. 17. 17. 33.1. 23. - .
8 3

4. 68. 11. 28. 18. 46. 24. 22.

5. 36. 12. 63: 19. 618. 25. 82717.

6. -4. 13. 7., 20. 2000. 26. 50.

7. 112.5. 14. 10.

Bull's-Eye, Page 1 Bull's-Eye, Page 2 Bull's-Eye, Page 3

5
1. 235. 5. 1881. 9.
128

16
2. 22. 6. - 10. 20.
55

3. 180. 7. 15. 11. 76.80.

169
4. 120. 8. 12. 3.‘i
300 2
Canadian Math Challenger
2017 Math Challengers Provincial Answer Key (Co-Op)
Co-Op, Page 1 Co-Op, Page 2 Co-Op, Page 3
167
1. 4200. 6. 61. 11.
500
2. 360. 7. 1900. 12. 27.

3. 185. 8. 2. 13. 23.

1
4. 99. 9. 31.8. 14. -
4
5. 14. 10. 471. 15. 17.

++++++++++++++++++++
End of 2017 Provincial Math Challengers material
++++++++++++++++++++
 2018 Canadian Math Challengers Society Regionals

Blitz, Page 1
Canadian Math Challengers Society
1. What is the probability of getting 4 Heads in a row when you toss a fair coin?
Provide your answer as a fraction in lowest terms. 1. ___________

2. The old price of a yearly package of internet subscription services was $300. The price
went down by 35%. What is the new price (in dollars) of the yearly package? 2. _________($)

3. ABC is a right triangle ( A  90 ). The area of ABC is 120 and AC  16 .

What is the length of side AB ?

3. ___________

4. Round 2018 to the nearest integer. 4. ___________

5. How many hours are there in 250 minutes?

Provide your answer as a fraction in lowest terms. 5. _________(h)

6. The measure of one angle of a parallelogram is four times the measure of another
angle of the parallelogram. What is the degree measure of the larger angle?

6. ________ ()

7. How many primes are there between 70 and 100? 7. ___________

 Blitz, Page 2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
8. The diameter of a circle is 6. Round the area of the circle to the nearest integer.

8. ___________

9. 11 of the 16 club members signed up for a bike trip. What percentage of the club
did not sign up? Provide your answer correct to 2 decimal places. 9. ________(%)

1
10. The probability to get a certain sum when throwing two dice is . What is that sum? 10. __________
6

1 1 1
 
11. Simplify to a fraction in lowest terms: 2 3 4
1
 11. __________
5

12. The numbers 1000, N ,2018, and 2527 are consecutive terms of
an arithmetic sequence. What is the value of N ? 12. __________

13. Alicia has a square garden. This year, she increased the length of the garden
by 2 metres ( m ), and the width by 2 metres ( m ), so that the expanded garden
is also square. That expanded the area of the garden by 40m 2 .
What is the area of the expanded garden in m 2 ?

2
13. ______( m )

14. How many times does the digit 1 appear in the binary representation of 2018? 14. __________
 Blitz, Page 3
Canadian Math Challengers Society
15. What is the numerator of a rational number with denominator 41
that is closest to the number  ? 15. __________

16. In 10 years human head hair can grow as much as 1.50 metre ( m ). Assume that the
growth rate is constant. How many centimetres ( cm ) can it grow in one month?
Provide your answer correct to 2 decimal places. 16. ______( cm )

17. ABCDE is a 5-sided polygon where A  B  E  90 . AB  20 , BC  3 ,

CD  10 , and DE  12 . What is the area of the region enclosed by the polygon?

17. __________

18. A backyard swimming pool, when it is full, holds 96 cubic metres ( m 3 ) of water.
It is now empty. How many hours will it take to fill the pool, using 4 hoses each
of which delivers 10 litres of water per minute? 18. ________(h)

7
19. What is the sum of all the decimal digits of ? 19. __________
64

20. Two circles with the same radius and centres at A and B , each with circumference
of 72 cm . Each circle passes through the centre of the other circle.
What is the perimeter (in cm ) of their region of overlap (darker shaded region)?

20. ______( cm )
 Blitz, Page 4
Canadian Math Challengers Society
21. Alan owns three different pairs of shoes, exactly one of the pairs is pink. He owns four
different pants, exactly one of them is pink. He also owns five different shirts, exactly
one of them is pink. In how many ways can he choose one pair of shoes, one pant,
and one shirt to wear today if at least one of the items must be pink? 21. __________

22. Let p and q be distinct primes. How many positive integers are divisors of p 4  q 5
but are not divisors of p 3  q 2 ? Note that 1 and n are always divisors of n . 22. __________

23. You wrote all the numbers from 1 to 2018 (inclusive).

How many digits did you write in total? 23. __________

24. Abe is good in math and he also likes to cook. He knows that 0C is equivalent
to 32 F , and he also knows that every 1C temperature rise is equivalent
to 1.8F temperature rise. He sets the oven temperature so that,
if measured in  F , it shows a number that is larger by 188 than if measured
in C . What C is the oven set? 24. ______( C )

25. What is the total length of all the edges of a pyramid with regular hexagonal base side 10,
and height 20? Note that the total number of edges is 12.
Provide your answer as i  j k where i and j are integers and k is prime.

25. __________

26. Abe and Beth ran exactly one full circular lap on the school track (they both ran the
exact same distance). They both started from point A on the track and both started
at the same time, but were running in opposite directions as indicated on the diagram.
Beth finished 32 seconds after they passed each other (at point B ), and Abe finished
50 seconds after they passed each other. Each ran at constant speed. How long
(in seconds) did Beth take to run the lap? (Hint: it does not matter how long the lap was).

26. ________(s)
 Bull’s-Eye, Page 1: Problem Solving
Canadian Math Challengers Society
1. A cyclist is travelling at 7500 millimetres per second.
km
What is the cyclist’s speed in kilometres per hour? 1. ______( )
h

2. At the Math Challengers competition, 70% of the competitors are

wearing jeans, 60% are wearing running shoes, and 50% of the
competitors who are wearing jeans are wearing running shoes.
What common fraction of the competitors who are wearing
running shoes are also wearing jeans?
Express your answer as fraction in lowest terms. 2. ___________

3. At the flea market you can buy 7 desks and 3 beds for $162,
or, you can buy 7 beds and 3 desks for $218.
What is the cost (in dollars) of one bed? 3. _________($)

4. Two candles, candle A, and candle B, are of different lengths but burn
at the same constant rate (meaning their heights decrease at the same rate).
When they were lit simultaneously an hour ago,
candle A was twice as long as candle B.
Right now, candle A is three times as long as candle B.
How many minutes from now will candle A be four times as long as candle B? 4. _________(m)
 Bull’s-Eye, Page 2: Numbers and Combinatorics
Canadian Math Challengers Society
20
5. How many digits does 2 have? 5. ___________

1 1 1
6. Consider the following geometric sequence: 4,2,1, , , ,
2 4 8
What is the sum of the first 7 terms?
Provide your answer as a fraction in lowest terms. 6. ___________

7. How many integers n are there between 1 and 50 (inclusive)

such that n n is a square of an integer? 7. ___________

8. There are 6 points evenly spaced on the circumference of a circle. Amy picks two
of the points, say A and B, at random, and draws the line that goes through A and B.
Then, Bob picks two of the remaining 4 points, say C and D, at random, and draws
the line that goes through C and D. Then, Bob also draws a line that goes through
the remaining points E and F.
What is the probability that each line drawn by Bob
meets the line drawn by Amy inside the circle?
Provide your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.
Note that lines can meet: inside the circle, or outside the circle,
or be parallel so that they never intersect. In the figure below we
provide a scenario that all three lines intersect outside the circle.

8. ___________
 Bull’s-Eye, Page 3: Geometry
Canadian Math Challengers Society
9. Let V , E , and F be the number of Vertices, Edges, and Faces of the
octagonal prism below. What is the value of V  E  F ?

9. ___________

10. The point ( x , y ) where x  0 , y  0 is the centre of a circle with diameter 13

that goes through the points (10,0) and (2,5) . What is the value of x  y ?
Provide your answer as a decimal correct to one decimal digit.

10. __________

11. The two non-parallel sides of the trapezoid ABCD form angles of 60 with
its base AB . BC  AD  10 , and AB  20 . What is the area of the trapezoid?
Express your answer as n m where n is an integer and m is a prime.

11. __________

12. A small circle with centre at D and radius 2 is circumscribed by a larger semi-circle
whose diameter is AB . C is on AB and is also on the small circle. BC  8 .
Find the radius of the large semi-circle. Provide your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.

12. __________
 Co-Op, Page 1
1. The lines below represent the streets of a small square 400m  400m village.
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Each street segment is 100m in length. In how many ways can Maria go from
point A to point C along the streets if she must go through the centre of the
village (point B ), and her total walking distance must be exactly 800m ?

1. ___________

2. The city keeps a huge water tank to supply water in case of emergency.
How many m 3 , (cubic metres), of water are needed to supply
all of the 20,000 residents of the city with an emergency supply of
3
water for 7 days, if each resident needs ration of 20 litres per day? 2. _______( m )

3. The water tank in Question 2 can be filled up by two taps. The flow of the first
3 3
tap is 5 m (5 cubic metres per hour), and the flow of the second tap is 4 m .
h h
The full tank can be drained in 238.5 hours using an outflow pipe with average
3
flow of 48 m . How many hours does it take to fill up the tank if initially
h
it is empty, both taps are turned on, and the outflow pipe is shut off? 3. ________( h )

4. N is obtained by dividing the least common multiple of 18, 150, and 168 by the
greatest common divisor of 18, 150 and 168. What is the value of N? 4. ___________

5. The line with equation y  mx  b is perpendicular to the line with

x
equation y   4 . The 2 lines intersect at a point on the y  axis.
3
What is the value of m  b ?

5. ___________
 Co-Op, Page 2
Canadian Math Challengers Society
6. At the beginning of 2018 the average price of all goods in Canadian
Dollars was up 50% (due to inflation) from the average price of goods
at the beginning of 1998. What was the yearly rate of inflation over
these 20 years, assuming it was the same each year?
Provide your answer in percent correct to 2 decimal places. 6. ________(%)

7. A sphere with radius r is inscribed in a cylinder with radius r and height 2 r .

Let V c be the volume of the cylinder and let V s be the volume of the sphere.

What is the value of V c ? Provide your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.

Vs

7. ___________

8. During the year of 2017 there were exactly 18 earthquakes size 7.0 or larger for every
earthquake size 8.0 or larger. There were also exactly 18 earthquakes size 6.0 or larger
for every earthquake size 7.0 or larger. If during that year there were 3 earthquakes
size 8 or larger, how many earthquakes were at least size 6.0 but less than size 7.0? 8. ___________

9. An earthquake occurred right underneath the straight line connecting Victoria and
Vancouver at a depth of 70km under the surface (ignore the curvature of the Earth).
The distance from Victoria to Vancouver is 100km . The distance from the earthquake’s
exact location to Victoria is 100km . What is the distance (in km ) from the earthquake’s
location to Vancouver (dashed line)? Provide your answer correct to 1 decimal place.

9. _______( km )

10. In how many different ways you can divide six identical coins, into piles so that
each pile has at least one coin? Note that “a pile of 2 coins and a pile of 4 coins”
is the same as “a pile of 4 coins and a pile of 2 coins”. 10. __________
 Co-Op, Page 3
11. A circle with radius x  2 is drawn inside a square ABCD with side 4 such that O ,
Canadian Math Challengers Society
the centre of the circle, is at the centre of square. The point T is on the circle and the
line AT is tangent to the circle. OAT  30 . You select a point at random inside
the square. What is the probability that this point is inside the circle?
Provide your answer correct to 2 decimal places.

11. __________

12. Let f ( x )  4  ( 2 x 2  2 x  1) 3 . Find the maximum value

of f ( x ) , (    x   )? Provide your answer as a fraction in lowest terms. 12. __________

13. 2018!  5n  m where m and n are positive integers, and m is not a multiple of 5 .
What is the value of n ? 13. __________

14. Consider the polynomial ( 2  x )  2 20    mx10  nx11    x 20 .

20

m
What is the value of ? Provide your answer as a fraction in lowest terms. 14. __________
n

15. The 8 points in the figure below are at the vertices and the mid-points of the edges
of a square. Let L be the number of obtuse triangles that have their vertices at 3 of
these 8 points, let M be the number of right triangles that have their vertices at 3 of
these 8 points, and let N be the number of isosceles triangles that have their vertices
at 3 of these 8 points. What is the value of L  M  N ?
Note that some triangles can be both right triangles and isosceles triangles.

15. __________
 2018 Math Challengers Regional (Answer Key for Blitz, Bull’s-Eye, and Co-Op)
Canadian Math Challengers Society
Blitz, Page 1 Blitz, Page 2 Blitz, Page 3 Blitz, Page 4
1
1. . 8. 28. 15. 129. 21. 36.
16

2. 195. 9. 31.25. 16. 1.25. 22. 18.

3. 15. 10. 7. 17. 156. 23. 6965.

65
4. 45. 11. . 18. 40. 24. 195.
12

25
5. . 12. 1509. 19. 25. 25. 60  60 5 .
6

6. 144. 13. 121. 20. 48. 26. 72.

7. 6. 14. 7.

Bull’s-Eye, Page 1 Bull’s-Eye, Page 2 Bull’s-Eye, Page 3

1. 27. 5. 7. 9. 50.

7 127
2. . 6. . 10. 6.5.
12 16

3. 26. 7. 29. 11. 75 3 .

2 16
4. 20. 8. . 12. .
15 3

Co-Op, Page 1 Co-Op, Page 2 Co-Op, Page 3

1. 36. 6. 2.05. 11. 0.39.

3 59
2. 2800. 7. . 12. .
2 8

3. 1272. 8. 918. 13. 502.

11
4. 2100. 9. 75.6. 14. .
5

5. -12. 10. 11. 15. 8960.