GRE140

Protection and Control

for MV Systems
GRE140
FEATURES APPLICATION
„ Four stage non-directional and directional GRE140 is a range of fully numeric, multi-function,
overcurrent protection for phase and earth directional protection relays from TOSHIBA. GRE140
faults with IDMTL or DTL. has some models which differ according to the number
„ Polarizing voltage memory. and type of inputs fitted, see Table 1.
„ Directional earth fault command protection. Table 1 GRE140 Models
„ Five shot, three phase auto-reclose (six trips to
lockout). Model Configuration
„ Synchronizm check. GRE140-400A Directional Three Phase Fault and Earth
„ Sequence co-ordination with in-series auto- Fault
reclosing devices. GRE140-420A Directional Three Phase Fault, Earth Fault
„ Programmable reset characteristics. and Sensitive Earth Fault
„ Directional sensitive earth fault protection.
All models include multiple, high accuracy, overcurrent
„ Restricted earth fault protection.
protection elements (for phase and/or earth fault) with
„ Undercurrent protection with DTL.
inverse time and definite time delay functions. All phase,
„ Thermal overload protection.
earth and sensitive earth fault overcurrent elements
„ Directional negative phase sequence
can be independently subject to directional control.
overcurrent protection.
„ Phase under/overvoltage protection. In addition, GRE140 provides multi-shot, three phase
„ Zero phase sequence overvoltage (neutral auto-reclose with/without synchronizm check, with
voltage displacement) protection. independent sequences for phase fault, and earth
„ Negative phase sequence overvoltage fault and sensitive earth fault. Auto-reclosing can also
protection. be triggered by external protection devices.
„ Under/overfrequency protection.
Other protection functions are available according to
„ Frequency rate-of-change protection.
model type, including thermal protection to IEC60255-8,
„ Broken conductor detection.
negative sequence overcurrent protection, under/
„ Circuit breaker fail protection.
overvoltage and under/overfrequency protections.
„ Cold load pick-up feature.
See Table 2 for details of the protection functions
„ Fault Locator.
available in each model.
„ CT and VT supervision.
„ Two settings groups. All models provide continuous monitoring of internal
„ Configurable binary inputs and outputs. circuits and of software. External circuits are also
„ Circuit breaker condition monitoring. monitored, by trip circuit supervision, CT and VT
„ Trip circuit supervision. supervision, and CB condition monitoring features.
„ Automatic self-supervision. A user-friendly HMI is provided through a backlit LCD,
„ Menu-based HMI system. programmable LEDs, keypad and menu-based
„ Configurable LED indication. operating system. PC access is also provided, either
„ Metering and recording functions. for local connection via a front-mounted USB port.
„ Front-mounted USB port for communication to The communication system allows the user to read
a local PC.
and modify the relay settings, and to access data
„ IRIG-B port for external clock gathered by the relay’s metering and recording
functions.
Data available either via the relay HMI or
communication ports includes the following functions.
„ Metering
„ Fault recording
„ Event recording
„ Disturbance recording

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 GRE140
Table 2 - GRE140 Features
Model Number GRE140 -
400 420
Directional Phase Fault O/C (67/50P, 67/51P) 9 9
Directional Earth Fault O/C (67/50N, 67/51N) 9 9
Directional Sensitive Earth Fault O/C (67/50N, 67/51N) 9
Phase Undercurrent (37P) 9 9
Thermal Overload (49) 9 9
Directional Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent (67/46) 9 9
Phase Overvoltage (59) 9 9
Phase Undervoltage (27) 9 9
Zero Phase Sequence Overvoltage (59N) 9 9
Negative Phase Sequence Overvoltage (47) 9 9
Under/Over frequency (81U/81O) 9 9
Frequency rate-of-change 9 9
Broken Conductor 9 9
Circuit Breaker Fail (50BF) 9 9
Cold Load Protection 9 9
Inrush Current detector 9 9
Reverse Power(32) 9 9
Auto-reclose (79) 9 9
Synchronism Check (25) 9 9
Fault Locator 9 9
CT Supervision 9 9
VT Supervision 9 9
Trip circuit supervision 9 9
Self supervision 9 9
CB State Monitoring 9 9
Trip Counter Alarm 9 9
∑Iy Alarm 9 9
CB Operate Time Alarm 9 9
Two settings groups 9 9
Metering 9 9
Fault records 9 9
Event records 9 9
Disturbance records 9 9
Modbus Communication 9 9
IEC60870-5-103 Communication 9 9

Boundary of Boundary of Operation

Operation (leading) +87.5° (leading)
CA + 90 CA + 90

CA + 60 CA + 60

CA + 30 CA + 30

10 x Is 10 x
5 x Is 5 x Is Is
CA - 180 CA - 180
CA CA

Reverse Forward Reverse Forward

Operate Operate Operate Operate
CA - 30 CA - 30
Zone Zone Zone Zone

CA - 60 CA - 60
CA - 90 CA - 90
Boundary of Boundary of Operation -
Operation (lagging) 87.5° (lagging)

CA: Characteristic angle CA: Characteristic angle

(a) Characteristic for Phase Fault and Earth Fault (b) Characteristic for Sensitive Earth Fault
Figure 1 - Directional Operate Characteristic

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GRE140
PROTECTION FUNCTIONS as for the phase fault elements.

Each earth fault threshold can be independently

Directional Phase Fault Overcurrent
configured for directional operation, in the same
Protection manner as the phase fault elements. The system
residual voltage is used as the polarising signal. This
Models GRE140 can provide three phase directional
may be obtained either by direct measurement,
overcurrent protection. Each provides four
commonly using the open delta tertiary winding of a
independent overcurrent stages. Stage 1 and 2 may
five limb VT, or it may be derived internally by
be set for inverse time or definite time operation. If
calculating the zero sequence voltage from the three
inverse time is selected, then any one of nine curves
phase-to-neutral voltages.
may be chosen, including IEC and IEEE/ANSI
standard characteristics, (see Figure 3). Alternatively, The directional earth fault elements have a user
a user-configurable curve may be created. selectable minimum voltage threshold.
Stages 3 and 4 may be set for definite time, or GRE140 can provide directional earth fault command
instantaneous operation. protection by using two stages of directional earth
fault elements of which one is for tripping and the
These elements are immune to the effects of
other is for blocking or for current reverse detection.
transformer magnetising inrush and dc offset
transient over-reach.
Directional Sensitive Earth Fault (SEF)
Stage 1 and 2 have a programmable reset feature, Protection
selectable for instantaneous, definite time or
dependent time operation. This feature can be used GRE140-420 provides directional earth fault
to protect against flashing fault conditions, or to grade protection with more sensitive settings for use in
correctly with electromechanical overcurrent relays. applications where the fault current magnitude may
be very low.
All elements can be inhibited by binary input signals
for operation in blocked overcurrent schemes and The sensitive earth fault element includes a digital
busbar zone blocking protection. filter which rejects all harmonics other than the
fundamental power system frequency.
Figure 1 illustrates the directional characteristic, with
the forward operate zone shaded. Polarisation is The sensitive earth fault quantity is measured directly,
achieved by the 90° quadrature method, whereby each using a dedicated core balance earth fault CT.
current’s phase angle is compared with the phase to This input can also be used in transformer restricted
phase voltage between the other two phases. Since earth fault applications, by the use of external metrosils
the voltage inputs to the relay are connected phase to and setting resistors.
neutral, the polarising phase to phase voltages are
derived internally. The sensitive earth fault elements can be configured
for directional operation in the same way as the
In the event of a close-up three phase fault, all three standard earth fault pole, by polarising against the
polarising signals will collapse below the minimum residual voltage.
threshold. Voltage memory provides a temporary
polarising signal in these circumstances. GRE140
Phase Undercurrent Protection
maintains the polarising signal for 500ms by
reconstructing the pre-fault voltages. Protection against loss of load is provided by the
phase undercurrent protection. Two independent stages
To cover applications where a 2:1:1 current distribution
are provided, each with a programmable definite time
may be experienced, it is possible to program the
delay.
directional phase fault protection such that a trip
output will only be given if two or more phases detect
Thermal Overload Protection
fault current in the same operate zone.
The thermal overload feature provides protection for
Directional Earth Fault Protection cables and other plant against the effects of prolonged
operation under excess load conditions. A thermal
The standard directional earth fault protection is
replica algorithm is applied to create a model for the
available in all models, and provides four independent
thermal characteristics of the protected plant. Tripping
overcurrent stages. Protection functionality is the same

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 GRE140
times depend not only on the level of overload current, Negative Phase Sequence Overvoltage
but also on the level of prior load current, the thermal Protection (NOV)
replica providing ‘memory’ of previous conditions.
For detection of unbalanced supply voltages, two
The thermal characteristics of the system are defined
NOV overvoltage thresholds are available, both of
by entering settings for full load current and thermal
which can be programmed with definite time delays,
time constant. GRE140 issues a trip according to the
and one is also available with an inverse delay.
‘cold’ and ‘hot’ curves specified in IEC60255-8 (see
Figure 4), to prevent the protected system from
Under/Overfrequency Protection
exceeding its thermal capacity. The cold curve
tripping times are applicable when the system is first GRE140 provides over/under frequency protection
energised, while the hot curves are relevant when the and frequency rate-of-change protection.
system has already been carrying some prior load for
a period of time. An alarm output is also available to These protections provide four independent
give early warning of high load current, set as a frequency protection stages. The over/under
percentage of thermal capacity. frequency protection is programmable for either
under- or over-frequency operation, and each has an
Directional Negative Phase Sequence associated DTL timer. The frequency rate-of-change
protection calculates the gradient of frequency
Overcurrent Protection
change (df/dt).
Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent (NOC)
protection can be used in applications where certain Broken Conductor Protection
fault conditions may not be detected by the normal
The unbalance condition caused by an open circuited
phase and earth overcurrent protections, for example,
conductor is detected by the broken conductor
in the case of a relay applied on the delta side of a
protection. An unbalance threshold with programmable
delta-star transformer, to detect an earth fault on the
definite time delay is provided.
star side. Alternatively, NPS can be used to protect a
three-phase motor against the severe overheating
Circuit Breaker Fail (CBF) Protection
which results from operating with an unbalanced
supply. Two stage CBF protection provides outputs for re-
tripping of the local circuit breaker and/or back-
Two independent stages are provided, each with a
tripping to upstream circuit breakers. The CBF functions
programmable definite time delay. The negative
can also be initiated by external protections via a
phase sequence overcurrent elements can be
binary input if required.
directionalised by polarising against the negative
phase sequence voltage.
Cold Load Protection
Under/Overvoltage Protection The cold load function modifies the overcurrent
protection settings for a period after energising the
Two undervoltage and two overvoltage stages are
system. This feature is used to prevent unwanted
provided. In each case, the two stages can be
protection operation when closing on to the type of
programmed with definite time delays, and one is also
load which takes a high level of current for a period
available with an inverse delay.
after energisation.
Zero Phase Sequence Overvoltage (ZOV)
Inrush Current Detector (ICD)
(Neutral Voltage Displacement) Protection
The inrush current detector is used to prevent an
Two Zero Phase Sequence Overvoltage stages are
incorrect operation of overcurrent protections from a
provided for detection of earth faults in high
magnetising inrush current during transformer
impedance earthed or isolated systems. The two
energisation. Inrush current detector ICD detects
stages can be programmed with definite time delays,
second harmonic inrush current during transformer
and one is also available with an inverse delay. The
energisation.
zero sequence voltage may be derived from the
phase voltages, or directly measured.

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GRE140
Reverse Power Protection where,
fSC: slip cycle
The reverse power protection (RP) is used to prevent
damage of the motor and to detect reverse power θS: synchronism check angle setting
flow in the system with distributed sources. The active TSYN: synchronism check timer setting
power flow directional control characteristic can be
selected to receiving or sending.
The frequency difference check function as
Auto-Reclose (ARC) mentioned below is also available by the setting for
the split synchronizm check.
Four independent sequences are provided, one for
∆f = |fVL − fVB| ≤ ∆fs
each of the following:
where,
„ Phase fault ∆f = frequency difference
„ Earth fault
fVB = frequency of busbar voltage VB
„ Sensitive earth fault
fVL = frequency of line voltage VL
„ External trip (initiated by a binary input)
∆fS= frequency difference setting
Each sequence is independently programmable for
single shot, two shot, three shot, four shot or five shot
(i.e. six trips to lock-out) auto-reclose. Each protection
CONTROL FUNCTIONS
trip is programmable for instantaneous or delayed Switchgear Control
operation, and each ARC shot has a programmable
dead time. Sequence co-ordination is maintained The GRE140 provides the facility for switchgear
between the auto-reclose sequences of in-series control on the relay front panel. Two-stepped
relays on a feeder. operation (select-control) is applied for the control
procedure of circuit breakers to ensure highly secure
Synchronism Check operation. An interlock check function is included for
safe operation of the switchgear. Password protection
For the correct operation of three-phase auto-reclose,
is provided for the above functions.
voltage and synchronism check are necessary.
Characteristics of the synchronism check element are A local/remote selector switch is also provided on the
shown in Figure 2. relay front panel so that remote control from station
level or load dispatching centre can be chosen.

Equipment status (Open or Closed) is indicated on

θS = Synchronizm check
front LEDs and relay fascia LCD.
angle setting
VL

θs VB
θ

∆V

SYOV

SYUV

Figure 2 Synchronism check element

A detected maximum slip cycle is determined by the

following equation:
θs
fsc = 180° x TSYN

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 GRE140

Inverse Time Operate and Reset Curves

IEC/UK Inverse Curves IEEE/US Inverse Curves IEEE/US Reset Curves

(Time Muliplier TMS = 1) (Time Multiplier TMS = 1) (Time Multiplier TMS = 1)
1000
100 1000.00

100

10 100.00

Operating Time (s)

Operating Time (s)

Time (s)
EI
10
VI
LTI

NI 1 10.00
MI
I
1 VI
VI
MI
STI
STI
I
EI
EI
0.1 0.1
1.00
1 10 100 1 10 100
0.1 1
Current (Multiple of Setting) Current (Multiple of Setting) Current (Multiple of Setting)

IDMT characteristics are defined by the following equations in accordance with IEC 60255-151.

⎧⎡ ⎤ ⎫ ⎡ ⎤
⎪ ⎥ + c⎪ ⎢ ⎥
t = TMS × ⎨⎢
k kr
⎥ ⎬ t = RTMS × ⎢ ⎥
⎪⎢
⎩⎣ Is
( )
⎢ I α
− 1⎥ ⎪
⎦ ⎭
⎢ ⎛I ⎞ ⎥
β

⎢⎣1 − ⎜⎝ I S ⎟⎠ ⎥⎦

Inverse time operate function Dependent time reset function

Constants for dependent time curves

Curve Type Curve Description k α c tr β
(IEC60255-151)
A IEC Normal Inverse (NI) 0.14 0.02 0 - -
B IEC Very Inverse (VI) 13.5 1 0 - -
C IEC Extremely Inverse (EI) 80 2 0 - -
-- UK Long Time Inverse (LTI) 120 1 0 - -
D IEEE Moderately Inverse (MI) 0.0515 0.02 0.114 4.85 2
E IEEE Very Inverse (VI) 19.61 2 0.491 21.6 2
F IEEE Extremely Inverse (EI) 28.2 2 0.1217 29.1 2
-- US CO8 Inverse (I) 5.95 2 0.18 5.95 2
-- US CO2 Short Time Inverse (STI) 0.02394 0.02 0.01694 2.261 2
-- User configurable setting 0.00 – 0.00 – 0.000 – 0.000 – 0.00 –
30.000 5.00 5.000 30.000 5.00

Figure 3 - Operate and Reset Characteristics

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GRE140

IEC60255-8 Thermal Characteristics

Thermal Curves (Cold Curve - Thermal Curves (Hot Curve -

no prior load) 90% prior load)

1000 1000

100
100
Operate Time (minutes)

Operate Time (minutes)

10
10

1
τ=100
τ=100
1
τ=50
τ=50
0.1
τ=20 τ=20
τ=10 τ=10
0.1
τ=5 0.01 τ=5
τ=2
τ=2
τ=1
τ=1
0.01 0.001
1 10 1 10
Overload Current (Multiple of k.IFLC) Overload Current (Multiple of k.IFLC)

⎡ I2 ⎤ ⎡ I 2 − I P2 ⎤
t = τ .Ln ⎢ 2 2⎥
; t = τ .Ln ⎢ 2 2⎥
⎣ I − (k .I FLC ) ⎦ ⎣ I − (k .I FLC ) ⎦

IEC60255-8 ‘Cold’ Curve IEC60255-8 ‘Hot’ Curve

t = time to trip for constant overload current I (seconds)

I = overload current (largest phase current) (pu)
IP = previous load current (pu)
k.IFLC (or Iθ) = thermal overload current setting (pu)
τ = thermal time constant (seconds)
Ln = natural logarithm

Figure 4 - IEC60255-8 Thermal Characteristics

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 GRE140
Circuit Breaker Condition Monitoring
MONITORING FUNCTIONS
The following CB condition monitoring functions are
Trip Circuit Supervision provided:
The circuit breaker tripping control circuit can be „ The trip counter increments the number of
GRE140 provides a high-integrity trip circuit tripping operations performed. An alarm is issued
supervision scheme. Trip circuits can be monitored when the count exceeds a user-defined setting.
with the circuit breaker either closed or open using „ The ∑Iy counter increments the value of current
two binary inputs as shown in Figure 5. to the power ‘y’, recorded at the time of issuing
the tripping signal, on a phase by phase basis.
+ve -ve An alarm is issued when the count for any phase
Trip 52a TC
exceeds a user-defined setting.
„ The operating time monitor records the time
R1 R2 52b between issuing the tripping signal and the
phase currents falling to zero. An alarm is issued
when the operate time for any phase exceeds a
user-defined setting.
BI1 BI2
GRE140 The CB condition monitoring functions are triggered
Figure 5 – Trip Circuit Supervision Scheme each time a trip is issued, and they can also be
triggered by an external device via a binary input.
CB Closed:
Under healthy conditions, binary input BI1 is METERING AND RECORDING
energised via external resistor, R1. If the trip circuit
becomes open, BI1 resets and a Trip Circuit Fail Metering
alarm is raised.
The following data is continuously available on the
CB Open: relay front panel LCD and at a local or remote PC.
Under healthy conditions, binary inputs BI1 & BI2 are
energised via external resistors, R1 & R2 „ Primary and secondary currents for each input.
respectively.If the trip circuit becomes open, both „ Positive and negative phase sequence currents.
inputs reset and a Trip Circuit Fail alarm is raised. „ Ratio of negative phase sequence to positive
phase sequence currents.
The Trip Circuit Fail alarm incorporates a time delay „ Primary and secondary voltages for each input.
of 400ms to prevent false alarms during normal „ Positive and negative phase sequence voltages.
tripping operations or voltage dips and is given in the „ System residual voltage.
form of an output contact operation and LCD/LED „ Power frequency.
indication. „ Active and reactive power.
„ Power factor.
Automatic Self-Supervision „ Peak phase power demand.
Automatic monitoring of internal circuits and software „ Peak phase current demand.
is provided. In the event of a failure being detected, „ Thermal condition of system.
the ALARM LED or the RELAY FAIL on the relay „ Relay element output status.
front panel is illuminated, the ‘RELAY FAILURE’ „ Watt-Hour
binary output operates, and the date and time of the „ Var-Hour
failure is recorded in the event record. „ Binary input and output status.

Circuit Breaker State Monitoring Event Record

If two binary inputs are programmed to the functions Records are stored for the 200 most recent events,
‘CB OPEN’ and ‘CB CLOSED’ then the CB State time-tagged to 1ms resolution. The event record is
Monitoring function becomes active. In normal available on the relay front panel LCD and at a local
circumstances these inputs are in opposite states. If or remote PC. Events are recorded as follows:
both show the same state then a ‘CB Defective’ „ Tripping operations.
alarm is raised. „ Alarms.

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GRE140
„ Operation of protection elements. local PC via the USB2.0 port on the front panel.
„ Change of state of binary inputs / outputs. Using RSM100 software, the user can view and
„ Change of relay setting. modify settings, monitor real-time metering and
„ Failure detected by automatic supervision analyse recorded data.

Fault Record Relay Setting

A relay trip initiates fault recording. Records are The user can modify relay settings either using the
stored for the 4 most recent faults, time-tagged to front panel keypad or using the RSM100 software
1ms resolution. The fault record is available on the from a local or remote PC. Password protection is
relay fascia LCD and at a local or remote PC. Fault available for added security.
records include the following data:
Two settings groups are provided, allowing the user
„ Date and time of trip operation to set one group for normal conditions, while the
„ Operating phase other groups may be set to cover alternative
„ Protection element responsible for trip operating conditions.
„ Measured current and voltage data
Using the RSM software, the user can create a
„ Auto-reclose operation
settings file on a PC (without being connected to a
„ Fault location
relay), and store the file ready for download to a relay
at a later date.
Disturbance Record
The relay can record 8 analog and 32 binary signals, Binary Outputs
initiated by relay tripping and initiating relay elements.
GRE140 provides four, ten or sixteen binary output
Post-trigger recording time can be set, and the
contacts for tripping and alarm. Each of the
maximum number of records which can be stored is
programmable binary outputs is driven via a logic
dependent on the recording times chosen.
gate which can be programmed for OR gate or AND
gate operation. Further, each output has a
Date and Time
programmable reset characteristic, settable for
GRE140 provides a date and time feature for tagging instantaneous drop-off, delayed drop-off, dwell timer
of records. or for latching operation. If latching operation is
selected then an operated relay must be reset by the
Fault Location user, either by pressing the RESET button, by
energising a binary input which has been
Fault location is initiated by a tripping operation and
programmed for ‘Remote Reset’ operation, or by a
is indicated in km and % of line length. The result of
communications command.
fault location is stored as fault record data.

Binary Inputs
USER INTERFACE
GRE140 provides six, twelve or eighteen
Relay Front Panel programmable binary inputs. Each binary input is
individually user-programmable for normal or inverted
A user friendly interface is provided on the relay front
operation and for delayed pick-up and/or drop-off.
panel. A menu-based system provides for easy
Each input can also be used to switch relay operation
programming of relay functions and access to real-
to a different settings group.
time and stored data. The front panel includes the
following features. General purpose alarm functions are also included.
The user can define a text message for each alarm.
„ 16 character, 8-line LCD with back light.
Then when inputs associated with that alarm are
„ 14 LEDs (9 fixed display and 5 configurable).
raised, the defined text is displayed on the LCD.
„ Keypad.
„ USB2.0 port for connection of local PC
PLC Function
„ Monitoring jacks
GRE140 is provided with a PLC (Programmable
Local PC Connection Logic Control) function allowing user-configurable
sequence logics on binary signals and binary inputs.
The user can communicate with the GRE140 from a

9
 GRE140
PC DISPLAY

Setting Event record

Metering Data analysis

Fault record

Figure 6 - Relay Setting and Monitoring System - PC Displays

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GRE140
TECHNICAL DATA
Ratings
AC current In: 1A / 5A
AC voltage Vn: 100V - 240 V
Frequency: 50Hz / 60Hz
Auxiliary supply: 110V – 250Vdc / 100-220Vac
(Operative range: 88V – 300Vdc / 80 – 264Vac)
24V – 48Vdc (Operative range: 19.2 – 57.6Vdc)
Superimposed AC ripple on DC supply: maximum 12%
DC supply interruption: maximum 50ms at 110V
Binary input circuit DC voltage: For indication
110V – 250Vdc (Operative range: 88V – 300Vdc)
24V – 48Vdc (Operative range: 19.2 – 57.6Vdc)
For trip circuit surpervision
Operative range: ≥38.4V (for 110Vdc rating)
≥88V (for 220/250Vdc rating)
≥19.2V (for 48Vdc rating)
≥9.6V (for 24Vdc rating)
Overload Ratings
AC current inputs: 4 times rated current continuous
100 times rated current for 1 second
AC voltage inputs: 2 times rated voltage continuous
Burden
AC phase current inputs: ≤ 0.3VA
AC earth current inputs: ≤ 0.5VA
AC sensitive earth inputs: ≤ 1.2VA
AC voltage inputs: ≤ 0.1VA (at rated voltage)
Power supply: ≤ 10W (quiescent)
≤ 15W (maximum)
Binary input circuit: ≤ 0.5W per input at 220Vdc
Current Transformer Requirements
Phase Inputs Typically 5P20 with rated burden according to load.
Standard Earth Inputs: Core balance CT or residual connection of phase CTs.
Sensitive Earth Inputs: Core balance CT.
Directional Phase Overcurrent Protection
P/F 1st Overcurrent threshold: OFF, 0.10 – 25.00A in 0.01A steps
Delay type: DTL, IDMTL (IEC 60255-151): IEC NI, IEC VI, IEC EI, UK LTI,
IEEE MI, IEEE VI, IEEE EI, US CO8 I, US CO2 STI
IDMTL Time Multiplier Setting TMS: 0.010 – 1.500 in 0.001 steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Reset Type: Definite Time or Dependent Time(IEC 60255-151)
Reset Definite Delay: 0.0 – 300.0s in 0.1s steps
Reset Time Multiplier Setting RTMS: 0.010 – 1.500 in 0.001 steps
P/F 2nd Overcurrent threshold: OFF, 0.10 – 25.00A in 0.01A steps
rd th
P/F 3 , 4 Overcurrent thresholds: OFF, 0.10 – 150.00A in 0.01A steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
P/F Characteristic Angle: −95° to +95° in 1° steps

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 GRE140
Directional Earth Fault Protection
E/F 1st Overcurrent threshold: OFF, 0.05 – 25.00A in 0.01A steps
Delay type: DTL, IDMTL(IEC 60255-151): IEC NI, IEC VI, IEC EI, UK LTI,
IEEE MI, IEEE VI, IEEE EI, US CO8 I, US CO2 STI
IDMTL Time Multiplier Setting TMS: 0.010 – 1.500 in 0.001 steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Reset Type: Definite Time or Dependent Time(IEC 60255-151)
Reset Definite Delay: 0.0 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Reset Time Multiplier Setting RTMS: 0.010 – 1.500 in 0.001 steps
E/F 2nd threshold: OFF, 0.05 – 25.00A in 0.01A steps
E/F 3rd, 4th thresholds: OFF, 0.05 – 100.00A in 0.01A steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
E/F Characteristic angle: −95° to +95° in 1° steps
E/F directional voltage threshold: 0.5 – 100.0V in 0.1V steps
Directional Sensitive Earth Fault Protection
SEF 1st Overcurrent threshold: OFF, 0.0010 – 0.25000A in 0.0001A steps
Delay Type: DTL, IDMTL(IEC 60255-151): IEC NI, IEC VI, IEC EI, UK LTI,
IEEE MI, IEEE VI, IEEE EI, US CO8 I, US CO2 STI
IDMTL Time Multiplier Setting TMS: 0.010 – 1.500 in 0.001 steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Reset Type: Definite Time or Dependent Time(IEC 60255-151)
Reset Definite Delay: 0.0 – 300.0s in 0.1s steps
Reset Time Multiplier Setting RTMS: 0.010 – 1.500 in 0.001 steps
DTL delay (back-up timer): 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
SEF 2nd, 3rd, 4th threshold: OFF, 0.0010 – 0.2500A in 0.0001A steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
SEF Characteristic angle: −95° to +95° in 1° steps
SEF Boundary of operation: ±87.5°, ±90°
SEF directional voltage threshold: 0.5 – 100.0V in 0.1V steps
Residual power threshold: OFF, 0.00 – 100.00W in 0.01W steps
Phase Undercurrent Protection
Undercurrent 1st, 2nd threshold: OFF, 0.10 – 10.00A in 0.01A steps
DTL Delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Thermal Overload Protection
Iθ = k.IFLC (Thermal setting): OFF, 0.40 – 10.00A in 0.01A steps
Previous load current (IP) 0.00 – 5.00A in 0.01A steps
Time constant (τ): 0.5 – 500.0mins in 0.1min steps
Thermal alarm: OFF, 50% to 99% in 1% steps
Inrush Current Detector
Second harmonic ratio setting 10 – 50% in 1% steps
Overcurrent threshold 1.0 – 25.0A in 0.1A steps
Reverse Power Protection
Reverse Power 1st, 2nd threshold: OFF, -500.0 - -1.0W in 0.1W steps
DTL Delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
DO/PU ratio 5 – 98% in 1% steps

12
GRE140
Directional Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent Protection (NOC)
NOC 1st, 2nd threshold: OFF, 0.10 – 10.00A in 0.01A steps
Delay type: DTL, IDMTL(IEC 60255-151): IEC NI, IEC VI, IEC EI, UK LTI,
IEEE MI, IEEE VI, IEEE EI, US CO8 I, US CO2 STI
IDMTL Time Multiplier Setting TMS: 0.010 – 1.500 in 0.001 steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Reset Type: Definite Time or Dependent Time(IEC 60255-151)
Reset Definite Delay: 0.0 – 300.0s in 0.1s steps
Reset Time Multiplier Setting RTMS: 0.010 – 1.500 in 0.001 steps
NOC Characteristic angle: −95° to +95° in 1° steps
NOC Directional voltage threshold 0.5 – 25.0V in 0.1V steps
Overvoltage Protection
1st, 2nd Overvoltage thresholds: OFF, 10.0 – 200.0V in 0.1V steps
Delay type (1st threshold only): DTL, IDMTL(complied with IEC 60255-127)
IDMTL Time Multiplier Setting TMS: 0.05 – 100.00 in 0.01 steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
DO/PU ratio 10 – 98% in 1% steps
Reset Delay: 0.0 – 300.0s in 0.1s steps
Undervoltage Protection
1st, 2nd Undervoltage thresholds: OFF, 5.0 – 130.0V in 0.1V steps
Delay type (1st threshold only): DTL, IDMTL(complied with IEC 60255-127)
IDMTL Time Multiplier Setting TMS: 0.05 – 100.00 in 0.01 steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Reset Delay: 0.0 – 300.0s in 0.1s steps
Undervoltage Block 5.0 – 20.0Vin 0.1V steps
Zero Phase Sequence Overvoltage Protection (ZOV)
1st, 2nd ZOV Overvoltage thresholds: OFF, 1.0 – 160.0V in 0.1V steps
Delay type (1st threshold only): DTL, IDMTL(complied with IEC 60255-127)
IDMTL Time Multiplier Setting TMS: 0.05 – 100.00 in 0.01 steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Reset Delay: 0.0 – 300.0s in 0.1s steps
Negative Phase Sequence Overvoltage Protection (NOV)
1st, 2nd NOV Overvoltage thresholds: OFF, 1.0 – 160.0V in 0.1V steps
st
Delay type (1 threshold only): DTL, IDMTL(complied with IEC 60255-127)
IDMTL Time Multiplier Setting TMS: 0.05 – 100.00 in 0.01 steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Reset Delay: 0.0 – 300.0s in 0.1s steps
Under/Over Frequency Protection
1st - 4th under/overfrequency threshold (Fnom − 10.00Hz) – (Fnom + 10.00Hz) in 0.01Hz steps
Fnom: nominal frequency
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Frequency UV Block 40.0 – 100.0V in 0.1V steps
Frequency rate-of-change 0.1 – 15.0Hz/s in 0.1Hz/s steps
Broken Conductor Protection
Broken conductor threshold (I2/I1): OFF, 0.10 – 1.00 in 0.01 steps
DTL delay: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps

13
 GRE140
CBF Protection
CBF threshold: OFF, 0.10 – 10.00A in 0.01A steps
CBF stage 1 (Backup trip) DTL: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
CBF stage 2 (Re-trip) DTL: 0.00 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Autoreclose
ARC Reclaim Time 0.0– 600.0s in 0.1s steps
Close Pulse Width 0.01 – 10.00s in 0.01s steps
Lock-out Recovery Time OFF, 0.1 – 600.0s in 0.1s steps
Sequences 1 – 5 Shots to Lock-out, each trip programmable for inst or
Delayed operation
Dead Times(programmable for each shot) 0.01 – 300.00s in 0.01s steps
Voltage and Synchronizm Check
Synchronism check angle (θS) 5 to 75° in 1° steps
UV element (SYUV) 10 to 150V in 1V steps
OV element (SYOV) 10 to 150V in 1V steps
Voltage difference check (ΔV) 0 to 150V in 1V steps
Busbar or line dead check (VB) 10 to 150V in 1V steps
Busbar or line live check (VL) 10 to 150V in 1V steps
Frequency difference check (Δf) 0.01 to 2.00Hz in 0.01 steps
Synchronism check time (TSYN) 0.01 to 10.00s in 0.01s steps
Voltage check time 0.01 to 10.00s in 0.01s steps
Accuracy
Overcurrent Pick-ups: 100% of setting ± 5%
Overcurrent PU/DO ratio: ≥95%
Undercurrent Pick-up: 100% of setting ± 5%
Undercurrent PU/DO ratio: ≤105%
Overvoltage Pick-ups: 100% of setting ± 5%
Undervoltage Pick-ups: 100% of setting ± 5%
Inverse Time Delays: ± 5% or 50ms (1.5 to 30 times setting)
Definite Time Delays: ± 1% or 10ms
Transient Overreach for instantaneous elements: <−5% for X/R = 100.
Front Communication port - local PC (USB)
Connector type: Type B
Cable length: 5m (max.)

14
GRE140
Rear Communication port
RS485 I/F for Modbus and IEC60870-5-103:
Connection Multidrop (max. 32 relays)
Cable type Twisted pair cable with shield
Cable length 1200m (max.)
Connection Screw terminals
Isolation 1kVac for 1 min.
Transmission rate 9.6, 19.2kbps
Time synchronization port (IRIG-B port)
IRIG Time Code IRIG-B122
Input impedance 4k-ohm
Input voltage range 4Vp-p to 10Vp-p
Connector type Screw terminal
Cable type 50 ohm coaxial cable
Binary Inputs
Number 6 (4x0 model) / 12 (4x1 model) / 18 (4x2 model)
Operating voltage For indication
Typical 154Vdc (min. 110Vdc) for 220Vdc rating
Typical 77Vdc(min. 70Vdc) for 110Vdc rating
Typical 33.6Vdc(min. 24Vdc) for 48Vdc rating
Typical 16.8Vdc(min. 12Vdc) for 24Vdc rating
For trip circuit supervision
≥88V for 220Vdc rating
≥38.4V for 110Vdc rating
≥19.2V for 48Vdc rating
≥9.6V for 24Vdc rating
Binary Outputs
Number 4 (4x0 model) / 10 (4x1 model) / 16 (4x2 model)
Ratings: for BO1 and BO2 Make and carry: 5A continuously
Make and carry: 30A, 250Vdc for 0.5s (L/R≥40ms)
Break: 0.1A, 250Vdc (L/R=40ms)
for other BOs Make and carry: 4A continuously
Make and carry: 8A, 250Vdc for 0.5s (L/R≥40ms)
Break: 0.1A, 250Vdc (L/R=40ms)
Durability: Loaded contact: 10000 operations
Unloaded contact: 100000 operations
Pickup time Less than 15ms
Reset time Less than 10ms
Mechanical design
Weight 2.5kg (4x0 model) 3.0kg (4x2 model)
Case colour Munsell No. 10YR8/0.5
Installation Flush mounting or Semi - flush mounting or Surface mounting
with attachment kits

15
 GRE140
ENVIROMENTAL PERFORMANCE
Test Standards Details
Atmospheric Environment
Temperature IEC60068-2-1/2 Operating range: -20°C to +60°C.
IEC60068-2-30 Storage / Transit: -25°C to +70°C.
Humidity IEC60068-2-78 56 days at 40°C and 93% relative humidity.
Enclosure Protection IEC60529 IP52(front), IP20 (rear), IP40 (top)
Mechanical Environment
Vibration IEC60255-21-1 Response - Class 1
Endurance - Class 1
Shock and Bump IEC60255-21-2 Shock Response Class 1
Shock Withstand Class 1
Bump Class 1
Seismic IEC60255-21-3 Class 1
Electrical Environment
Dielectric Withstand IEC60255-5 2kVrms for 1 minute between all terminals and earth.
2kVrms for 1 minute between independent circuits.
1kVrms for 1 minute across normally open contacts.
High Voltage Impulse IEC60255-5 Three positive and three negative impulses of 5kV(peak),
for CT, Power Supply Unit (PSU), BI and BO circuits;
between terminals and earth, and between independent
circuits.
3kV (peak) for RS485 circuit; between terminals and earth
3kV (peal) for BO circuit ; across normally open contacts
1.2/50µs, 0.5J between all terminals and between all
terminals and earth.
Electromagnetic Environment
High Frequency IEC60255-22-1 Class 3, 1MHz 2.5kV to 3kV(peak) applied to all ports in common
Disturbance / Damped IEC61000-4-12 IEEE mode.
Oscillatory Wave C37. 90. 1 1MHz 1.0kV applied to all ports in differential mode.
Electrostatic IEC60255-22-2 Class 3, 6kV contact discharge, 8kV air discharge.
Discharge IEC61000-4-2
Radiated RF IEC60255-22-3 Class 3, Field strength 10V/m for frequency sweeps of 80MHz to
Electromagnetic IEC61000-4-3 1GHz and 1.7GHz to 2.2GHz. Additional spot tests at 80,
Disturbance 160, 450, 900 and 1890MHz.
Fast Transient IEC60255-22-4 Class A, 4kV, 2.5kHz, 5/50ns applied to all inputs.
Disturbance IEC61000-4-4 IEEE C37.
90. 1
Surge Immunity IEC60255-22-5, 1.2/50µs surge in common/differential modes:
IEC61000-4-5 HV, PSU and I/O ports: 2kV/1kV (peak)
RS485 port: 1kV (peak)
Conducted RF IEC60255-22-6 Class 3, 10Vrms applied over frequency range 150kHz to 100MHz.
Electromagnetic IEC61000-4-6 Additional spot tests at 27 and 68MHz.
Disturbance
Power Frequency IEC60255-22-7 Class A, 300V 50Hz for 10s applied to ports in common mode.
Disturbance IEC61000-4-16 150V 50Hz for 10s applied to ports in differential mode.
Not applicable to AC inputs.
Conducted and IEC60255-25 Class A, Conducted emissions:
Radiated Emissions EN55022 Class A, 0.15 to 0.50MHz: <79dB (peak) or <66dB (mean)
IEC61000-6-4 0.50 to 30MHz: <73dB (peak) or <60dB (mean)
Radiated emissions (at 10m):
30 to 230MHz: <40dB
230 to 1000MHz: <47dB

16
GRE140
European Commission Directives
89/336/EEC Compliance with the European Commission
Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive is
demonstrated according to EN 61000-6-2 and
EN 61000-6-4.
73/23/EEC Compliance with the European ommission Low Voltage
Directive is demonstrated according to product safety
standard EN 60255-27.

ORDERING

Directional Overcurrent Relay

GRE140 A 0

Type:
Directional Overcurrent Relay GRE140
Model:
-Model 400: Directional 3 phase + earth fault, 6BIs, 4BOs 400
-Model 401: Directional 3 phase + earth fault, 12BIs, 10BOs 401
-Model 402: Directional 3 phase + earth fault, 18BIs, 16BOs 402
-Model 420: Directional 3 phase + earth + sensitive earth, 420
6BIs, 4BOs
-Model 421: Directional 3 phase + earth + sensitive earth, 421
12BIs, 10BOs
-Model 422: Directional 3 phase + earth + sensitive earth, 422
18BIs, 16BOs
Ratings:
1A / 5A, 50Hz/60Hz, 110V - 250Vdc / 100V – 220Vac 1
1A / 5A, 50Hz/60Hz, 24V - 48Vdc A

Standard and language:

IEC (English) 0
Chinese 2

Communications:

RS485 x 1 (Standard) 1
for Modbus / DNP3.0 / IEC60850-5-103

- FUTURE -
RS485 x 2 (with optional RS485 Communication Unit) 2
for Modbus / DNP3.0 / IEC60850-5-103
100BASE-TX x1 (with optional 100BASE-TX Unit) A
for IEC61850
100BASE-TX x2 (with optional 100BASE-TX Unit x2) B
For IEC61850
100BASE-FX x1 (with optional 100BASE-FX Unit) C
For IEC61850
100BASE-FX x2 (with optional 100BASE-FX Unit x2) D
For IEC61850

17
 GRE140
EXTERNAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM

*BO3 - 4 are NOT applicable for direct CB coil connection.

**Analogue current input ports are shorted when the terminal block is removed. (TB4 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8)
*** Available at one of the communication function is selected.
Figure 7 - GRE140-400A Typical External Connection Diagram

18
GRE140
A OUTPUT CONACTS
SIGNAL LIST (DEFAULT)
B Control
BO1 OFF(CB CLOSE)
C BO2 GENERAL TRIP
Power
BO3 GENERAL ALARM
BO4 OFF

GRE140-421A TB5
CB CLOSE CB CLOSE

TB4
SW
1
2
1 ** Ia
CB OPEN CB OPEN/TRIP

2 SW
3
3 ** Ib 4
4 AUXILIARY TRIP
COIL
CLOSE
COIL
5 ** Ic 5
*
6 6
7 ** Ise AUXILIARY
8 * 7
9 8
10 Vb
Relay fail
Core 11 IRIG-B 9
balance 12 10 Relay fail

CT
13 N.C. N.C. 11
indicator
14 COM Optional DEFAULT BI1-6; Off
12
15 A+ RS485 AUXILIARY Threshold
33.6/77/154V
16 B- *** Available for 13
TCS 14
AUXILIARY Threshold
Optional Communication 33.6/77/154V
Port *** Available for 15
TCS
Threshold
16
77/154V
100BASE-TX CB CLOSED 17
1port / 2port CB OPEN 18
AUXILIARY 19
AUXILIARY 20
22 A+
B-
100BASE-FX COM
1port / 2port COM 21 COM
A+ 23 A+
B- 24 B-

TB2 Rear PANEL

for Optional Unit
1
2 Vab
3 Vbc
RJ45
4
5 Vca
TB1
6 1
7 Ve 2
8 3
9 4
10 N.C. 5
P
11 6
N
12 GND POWER 7
13 + SUPPLY 8
14 - 9
Threshold
77/154V 10
FG 11
12
13
FRONT PANEL
14
15
16
17
USB Type B 18
19
20
22
21
23
24

*BO3 – 12 are NOT applicable for direct CB coil connection.

**Analogue current input ports are shorted when the terminal block is removed. (TB4 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8)
*** Available at one of the communication function is selected.

Figure 8 - GRE140-421A Typical External Connection Diagram

19
 GRE140

* BO3 - 18 are NOT applicable for direct CB coil connection.

**Analogue current input ports are shorted when the terminal block is removed. (TB4 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8)
*** Available at one of the communication function is selected.

Figure 9 - GRE140-402A Typical External Connection Diagram

20
GRE140
RELAY OUTLINE

Figure 10 - GRE140 Outline Diagram

21
 GRE140

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©Copyright 2011 Toshiba. All rights reserved.

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- The information given in this catalog is subject to change without

notice.
- The information given in this catalog is as of 30 September 2011.
- The information given in this catalog is presented only as a guide
for the applications of our products. No responsibility is assumed
by TOSHIBA for any infringements of patents or other rights of
the third parties which may result from its use. No license is
1-1, Shibaura 1-Chome, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 105-8001, Japan granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent
rights of TOSHIBA or others.
Tel +81-3-3457-3644 Fax +81-3-5444-9166 - TOSHIBA products should not be embedded to the downstream
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any law and regulations.

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