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Threats To Biodiversity

Habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, overexploitation, invasive species, disease, and poaching are major threats to biodiversity. Habitat destruction occurs through agriculture, resource harvesting, urbanization, and forest fires. Habitat fragmentation isolates populations. Poaching kills animals for traditional medicine, trophies, fur, and food. Invasive species outcompete native species. Pollution and climate change create acidic and warmer conditions that species cannot tolerate. Conservation efforts aim to protect habitats, curb poaching, control invasives, reduce pollution and greenhouse gases, and compensate people for human-wildlife conflicts.

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Ashutosh Devkota
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63 views19 pages

Threats To Biodiversity

Habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, overexploitation, invasive species, disease, and poaching are major threats to biodiversity. Habitat destruction occurs through agriculture, resource harvesting, urbanization, and forest fires. Habitat fragmentation isolates populations. Poaching kills animals for traditional medicine, trophies, fur, and food. Invasive species outcompete native species. Pollution and climate change create acidic and warmer conditions that species cannot tolerate. Conservation efforts aim to protect habitats, curb poaching, control invasives, reduce pollution and greenhouse gases, and compensate people for human-wildlife conflicts.

Uploaded by

Ashutosh Devkota
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Treats to

By
Prof. V. SAI SARASWATHI., M. PHARM.,
Asst. Prof. (Sr..)
Causes of threats to biodivesity
• Habitat destruction
• Global climate change
• Habitat fragmentation
• Pollution
• Over exploitation
• Invasive species
• Disease
• Poaching
• Reason for habitat loss by humans
• Agriculture farming.
• Harvesting natural resources
• Industrial era
• Urbanization – urban sprawl
• Habitat destruction is currently ranked as a primary
causes of species extinction world wide.
Forest fire – man made or
natural
Habitat fragmentation
Poaching
Illegally killing and
capturing – threat to species
• 2/3 of the live animals smuggled around the world die in
transit.
• Poor people in areas rich with wildlife may kill or trap
them for money to survive and feed their families.
• To poachers
• Mountain gorilla – $150,000
• Gaint panda $1,00,000
• Chimpanzee $ 50000
• Dragon reptile from Indonesia – $ 30000
• One horn rhinoceros $ 28,600
• Bengal tiger or Indian tiger is at risk for its fur –
$ 1,00,000
Encroachment of animals – man
wildlife conflicts
• Human Encroachment into the forest.
• The ill, weak, and injured animals- attack man.
• Forest dept. cultivate the staple foods for animals.
eg. One adult elephant- 2 quintal of green
fodder.
Villagers – electric wiring around the fields, suffer
with pain & turn violent.
Due to human settlement in the forest, the
animals attack the settlement.
• The cash compensation paid by the government
– damage – farmers crop is not enough.
• In Mysore, a farmer gets the cash compensation
of Rs. 400/- per quintal. While the market value
is Rs. 2400/-
• Revengeful and kills the wild animals.
Remedial Measures of man-
wildlife conflict
• Tiger conservation project.
• Adequate cash compensation.
• Solar Powered fencing.
• Cropping pattern near the forest region
should be changed.
• Seasonal migration.
• Sanctuary.
Disease – animals
Invasive species- case study
• Introducing the exotic species also disturb the ecosystem.

• Aggressive argentina fire ant introduced


Into the United states.
• When these ant invade an area, they
wipe off 90% native species.
• They killed the deer, fawns, birds, livestock
Pets, 80 % people was allergic to their venom.
Pollution
• Air pollution lead to acid rain- therefore the pH
of the soil/ water bodies go acidic.
• The monuments get corroded. Eg. Taj mahal.
• Hence the species living in those aquatic system
may die.
• Eg. Fishes, frog, reptiles, insects become extinct.
Global warming is a major
threat to biodiversity
• Acc. To 2007 IPCC report, changes in climate may affect
the biodiversity. Eg. Weeds, insect pest- fire ant, etc.

By 2050 polar bears may be found in zoos,


due to arctic sea ice melts.
Premature extinction
• Changes in structure and location of wildlife cause to
premature extinction
• Eg: golden toad – found in costa Rica’s mountainous region. In
1989 it became extinct.
• Reason: warmer air from global climate change caused the area’s
moisture bearing clouds in caribbean sea to rise and dry out the
habitat for this frog.
Ways to reduce threat of global
warming
• Four major strategies
• Improve energy
efficiency to reduce
fossil fuel use
• Shift to renewable
resources
• Stop cutting down
tropical forest.
• Capture CO2 as
possible in soil,
vegetation, and deep
in ocean.

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