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Assignment Report On BSNL

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) is India's oldest and largest state-owned telecommunication company. It has a customer base of over 117 million, providing fixed telephone lines, broadband, and mobile services across India except Mumbai and New Delhi. While once the dominant provider, BSNL has lost substantial market share in recent years due to increased competition. It offers various telecom services including cellular, internet, landline, 3G, and FTTH (fiber to the home).

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Shiwansh Kumar
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290 views

Assignment Report On BSNL

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) is India's oldest and largest state-owned telecommunication company. It has a customer base of over 117 million, providing fixed telephone lines, broadband, and mobile services across India except Mumbai and New Delhi. While once the dominant provider, BSNL has lost substantial market share in recent years due to increased competition. It offers various telecom services including cellular, internet, landline, 3G, and FTTH (fiber to the home).

Uploaded by

Shiwansh Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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About BSNL

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited ( abbreviated BSNL) is an


Indian state owned telecommunication company
headquartered in New Delhi , India . It was incorporated on 15
September 2000 . It took over the business of providing of
telecom services and network management from the central
government Departments of Telecom Services (DTS) and
Telecom operation ( DTO) , With effect from 1 October 2000
on going concern basis , is the largest provider of fixed
telephone and fourth largest mobile telephone providers in
India and is also provider of broadband services. However, in
recent years the company's revenue and market share plunged
into heavy losses due to intense competition in Indian
telecommunication sector.

BSNL is India's oldest and largest communication service


provider (CSP). It had a customer base of 117 million as of
January 2014. It has footprint throughout India except the
Metropolitan cities of Mumbai and New Delhi, which are
managed by Mahanagar Telephone Nigam (MTNL).
BSNL mobile offers both GSM as well as CDMA prepaid and
postpaid services. CellOne was renamed BSNL mobile in
2007. it was the first company which made incoming roaming
charges free across the country.
Services Provided By BSNL

BSNL provides almost every telecom service in India.


following are the main telecom services provided by BSNL:

● Cellular Mobile Telephone Service :​BSNL is major


provider of cellular mobile telephone services using
GSM platform under the brand names Cellone and Excel
(BSNL Mobile). As of 30 June 2010 BSNL has 13.50
percent share of mobile telephone in country. it has 95.5
4 million customers using BSNL mobile.

● Internet :​BSNL provides internet access services


through dial up connection as prepaid. NetOne as
postpaid and ADSL broadband as BSNL broadband.
BSNL held 55.7 6% of the market share with reported
subscriber base of 9.19 million internet subscribers with
7.79 percent of growth at the end of the March 2010 top
12 dial up services providers , based on the subscriber
base. it also provide online game via its games on
demand (GOD).

● Universal Telecom Services :​Fixed wireline services


and landline in local loop (WLL) Using CDMA
Technology called ​Bfone ​and ​Tarang ​ respectively.As of
30 June 2010 BSNL had 75% market share of fixed lines.
● 3G (3rd Generation) :​BSNL offers the three G for the
3rd Generation services which includes facilities like
video calling, mobile broadband, live TV, 3G video
portal, streaming services like online full length movies
and video on demand etc.

● Intelligent network (IN) :​ BSNL offers value added


services, such as free phone service (FPH), India
telephone card (Prepaid card), Account card calling
(ACC) , Virtual Private Network ((VPN) , Tele-voting ,
Premium Rae Service (PRM) , Universal access number
(UAN) .

● FTTH :​ Fibre to home facility that offers a higher


bandwidth for data transfer. This idea was proposed on
post December 2009.

● WiMax : ​BSNL has introduced India's first 4th


generation high speed wireless broadband access
Technology with the minimum speed of 256kbits/s. The
focus of this service is for rural customer where the
wired broadband facility is not available.
Definition

Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a globally


accepted standard for Digital cellular communication. GSM is
the name of a standardization group established in 1982 to
create a common European mobile telephone standard that
would formulate specifications for a pan- European mobile
Cellular radio system Operating at 900MHz. It is estimated
that many countries outside of Europe will join the GSM
partnership.

The Evolution of Mobile Telephone Systems

Cellular is one of the fastest growing and most demanding


telecommunication applications. today it represents a
continuously increasing percentage of all new telephone
subscriptions around the world. currently there are more than
45 million cellular subscribers worldwide , and nearly 50% of
those subscribers are located in the United States. It is
forecasted that cellular system using a digital technology will
become the universal method of Telecommunication. by the
year 2015 , forecasters predict that there will be more than
two hundred million Cellular subscribers worldwide. It has
even been estimated that some countries may have more
mobile phones than fixed phones by the Year 2000. the
concept of cellular service is the use of low power transmitter
where frequency can be used within a Geographic area .The
idea of cell- based mobile Radio Service was formulated in
the United States at Bell Labs in the early 1970s. However ,
The Nordic countries were the first to introduce cellular
services for commercial use with the introduction of Nordic
mobile telephone (NMT) in 1981. Cellular system begin in the
United States with the release of the advanced mobile phone
service (AMPS) system in 1983. The AMPS standard was
adopted by Asia , Latin America and oceanic countries ,
creating the largest potential market in the world for Cellular.
in the early 1980s , the most mobile telephone system where
analog rather than digital , like today's newer systems. One
challenge facing analogue system was inability to handle the
growing capacity needs in a cost efficient manner. The
advantages of digital systems over analog systems include
ease of signalling , lower levels of interference , integration
of transmission and switching , and increased ability to meet
capacity demand.

GSM

Throughout the evolution of cellular telecommunications ,


various systems have been developed without the benefit of
standardized specifications. This presented many problems
directly related to compatibility , especially with the
development of Digital Radio Technology. The GSM standard
is intended to address these problems. From 1982 to 1985
discussions where held to decide between building and analog
or digital system. After multiple field tests , a digital system
was adopted for GSM. The next task was to decide a narrow
broadband solution. In May 1987 , the narrow band time
division multiple access (TDMA) solution was chosen.

The GSM Network

GSM provides recommendations , not requirements. The


GSM specifications define the functions and interface
requirements in detail but do not address the hardware. The
reason for this is to limit the designers as little as possible but
still to make it possible for the operators to buy equipment
from different suppliers. The GSM network is divided into
three major systems :
1. Switching System (SS)
2. TṢhe Base Station System (BSS)
3. The Operation and Support System (OSS)
The Switching System

The Switching System is responsible for performing call


processing and subscriber related functions. The Switching
System includes following functional units :

● Home location register (HLR) :​The HLR is a database


used for storage and management of subscriptions. The
HLR is considered the most important database , as it
stores permanent data about subscribers , including a
subscribers service profile , location information and
activity status. When an individual buy a subscription
from one of the PCS operators , he or she is registered in
HLR of that operator.

● Mobile services coaching centre

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