Scribd
Upload
107 views

Chapter 3 Heteroglycans

The document discusses various types of heteroglycans, which are natural plant hydrocolloids. It describes exudate gums, seed gums, marine gums, and microbial gums. It then focuses on specific gums - tragacanth, acacia, ghatti gum, karaya gum, sodium alginate, agar, carrageenan, furcellaran, plantago seed, guar gum, locust bean gum, and xanthan gum. For each, it provides the scientific name, family, common name, constituents, and uses. The main uses of these gums include as suspending agents, emulsifiers, thickeners, laxatives, bind

Uploaded by

Lee Ann Almeria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
107 views

Chapter 3 Heteroglycans

The document discusses various types of heteroglycans, which are natural plant hydrocolloids. It describes exudate gums, seed gums, marine gums, and microbial gums. It then focuses on specific gums - tragacanth, acacia, ghatti gum, karaya gum, sodium alginate, agar, carrageenan, furcellaran, plantago seed, guar gum, locust bean gum, and xanthan gum. For each, it provides the scientific name, family, common name, constituents, and uses. The main uses of these gums include as suspending agents, emulsifiers, thickeners, laxatives, bind

Uploaded by

Lee Ann Almeria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

HETEROGLYCANS

Gums

- natural plants hydrocolloids

- anionic or nonionic polysaccharide or salts of polysaccharides

- EXUDATE GUM

- plants that grow under semiarid conditions

- serves to seal he wound and prevent dehydration of the plant

- SEED GUM

- hyrocolloids that serves as polysaccharide food reserves

- MARINE GUM

- components of cell walls nd membrane or in intracellular regions that as reserve food


material

- MICROBIAL GUM

- produced during fermentation

- USES: dental adhesive, bulk laxative, yalet binder, emulsifier, gelating agent, suspending agent,
stabilizer and thickener

- precipitated from solution by alcohol and by lead subacetate solution

- GUMS readily dissolves in water; MUCILAGES form shiny masses

- GUMS are pathlogical products; MUCILAGES are physiological products

TRAGACANTH

Sc. Name: Astragalus gummifer

Family: Fabaceae

Common Name: Gum Tragacanth

Constituents: Bassorin
- polymethoxylated acid which swells with H2O but does not dissolve

- forms a viscous solution

Tragacanthin

- demethoxylated bassorin

- more H2O soluble

Tragacanthic acid

Arabinogalactan

Uses: Suspending agent for insoluble powders

Emulsifying agent for oils and resin

Adhesive

Demulcent and emollient for cosmetics

Acacia

Sc. Name: Acacia senegal

Family: Fabaceae

Common Name: Gum arabic

Constituents: Arabin

- calcium, magnesium, potassium salts of arabic acid

Uses: Suspending agent

Demulcent and emollient properties

Adhesive and Binder in talet granulations

Ghatti Gum

Sc. Name: Anogeissus latifolia

Family: Combretaceae

Common Name: India Gum

Constituents: Gallotannins
Uses: Tablet Binder

Suspending agent

Adhesive

Karaya Gum

Sc. Name: Sterculia urens

Family: Sterculiaceae

Common Name: Sterculia Gum

Constituents: Phlobatannins

Uses: Bulk laxative

Dental adhesive

Sodium Alginate (Brown Seaweeds)

Sc. Name: Macrocystis pyrifera

Family: Lessoniaceae

Common Name: Algin

Constituents: Sodium salt of Alginic acid

Mannuronic acid

Uses: Suspending agent

Agar (Red Algae)

Sc. Name: Gelidium cartilagineum

Family: Gelidiaceae

Common Name: Japanese Insinglas

Constiuents: Agarose

-matrix for immunodiffusion

- electrophoretic separation of globulin

- techniques involving gel filtration and gel chromatography


Agropectin

Uses: Suspending agent

Laxative

Emulsifier

Gelling agent

Tablet exepient and disintegrant

MOA: forms a smooth, non-irritating bulk that favors normal peristalsis

Carrageenan (Red algae/seaweeds)

Sc. Name: Chrondus crispus

Family: Gigartinaceae

Common Name: Irish moss, Chrondus

Constituents: Carrageenin

Uses: Stabilizer for emulsions and suspensions

Demulcent

Bulk laxative

Furcellaran

Sc. Name: Furcellaria fastigiata

Family: Furcellariaceae

Common Name: Danish Agar

Constituents:

Uses: Gelating and suspending agent

Plantago Seed

Sc. Name: Plantago psyllium, Planatgo ovata

Family: Plantaginaceae

Common Name: Plantago seed, pysllium seed, plantain seed


Constituents:

Uses: Cathartic

MOA: sweeling of the gum of the seed coat, thus giving bulk and lubrication, by taking up
water in the GIT the volume of feces is increased and peristalsis promoted

Guar Gum

Sc. Name: Cyamopsis tetragonolobus

Family: Fabaceae

Common Name: Guaran

Constituents: Gallactomannan

Uses: Bulk Laxative

Thickening agent

Tablet Binder

Disintegrant

Locust Bean Gum

Sc. Name: Ceratonia siliqua

Family: Fabaceae

Common Name: Carob Gum, St. John's bread

Constituents: Galactomannan

Uses: Thickener

Stabilizer

Xanthan Gum

Sc. Name: Xanthamonas campestris

Family: Xanthomonadaceae

Common Name:

Constituents:

Uses: Emulsifying and suspending agent


Pectin

You might also like