Flows rate (Equivalence)

The most commonly used water flow or airflow unit today is CFM (Cubic Feet per Minute). In countries
where the metric system is more common, m3/min or m3/h is sometimes being used, but even there, CFM
is the most common unit.

Designation of units of measurement in

Symbol SI Equivalent English
1 acre-ft/month = 4.69361 x 10-4 m3/s - acre foot per month
1 bbl (US, liq.)/day = 1.3801 x 10-6 m3/s - barrel (US, liq.) per day
1 bbl (US, petrol)/day = 1.84013 x 10-6 m3/s - barrel (US, petrol) per day
1 cm3/s = 1 x 10-6 m3/s - cubic centimeter per second
1 CFM, cfm, ft3/min = 4.71947 x 10-4 m3/s - cubic foot per minute
1 cfs, ft3/s = 0,0283168 m3/s - cubic foot per second
1 in3/min = 2.73118 x 10-7 m3/s - cubic inch per minute
1 in3/s = 1.63871 x 10-5 m3/s - cubic inch per second
1 m3/h = 2.77778 x 10-4 m3/s - cubic meter per hour
1 m3/min = 0,0166667 m3/s - cubic meter per minute
1 m3/s = 1 m3/s - cubic meter per second
1 yd3/min = 0,0127426 m3/s - cubic yard per minute
1 cumec = 1 m3/s - cumec (musec)
1 gal (UK)/day = 5.26168 x 10-8 m3/s - gallon (UK) per day
1 gph (UK) = 1.2628 x 10-6 m3/s - gallon (UK) per hour
1 gpm (UK) = 7.57682 x 10-5 m3/s - gallon (UK) per minute
1 gps (UK) = 4.54609 x 10-3 m3/s - gallon (UK) per second
1 gal (US, liq.)/day = 4.38126 x 10-8 m3/s - gallon (US, liq.) per day
1 gph (US) = 1.0515 x 10-6 m3/s - gallon (US, liq.) per hour
1 gpm (US) = 6.30902 x 10-5 m3/s - gallon (US, liq.) per minute
1 gps (US) = 0,00378541 m3/s - gallon (US, liq.) per second
1 l/h = 2.77778 x 10-7 m3/s - liter per hour
1 l/min = 1.66667 x 10-5 m3/s - liter per minute
1 l/s = 0,001 m3/s - liter per second

Speed (the unit speed of the S.I = meter per second)

Symbole SI équivalent Désignation unité de mesure en Anglais

1 Bz = 1 m/s - benz
1 cm/min = 1,66667 x 10-4 m/s - centimeter per minute
1 cm/s = 0,01 m/s - centimeter per second
1 ft/h, fph = 8,46667 x 10-5 m/s - foot per hour
1 ft/min, fpm = 0,00508 m/s - foot per minute
1 ft/s, fps = 0,3048 m/s - foot per second
1 furlong/fortnight = 1,66309 x 10-4 m/s - furlong per fortnight
1 in/s, ips = 0,0254 m/s - inch per second
1 km/h = 0.277778 m/s - kilometer per hour
1 kn, knot = 0,514444 m/s - knot (noeud)
1 cm/s = 0,01 m/s - kyne
1 m/min = 166,667 m/s - meter per minute
1 m/s = 1 m/s - meter per second
1 mpy = 8.04327 x 10-13 m/s - mil per year
1 knot = 0.514444 m/s - mile (naut.) per hour (knot, noeud)
1 mph, mi/h = 0.44704 m/s - mile (stat.) per hour
 1 mi/min = 26.8224 m/s - mile (stat.) per minute
1 mm/min = 1.66667 x 10-5 m/s - millimeter per minute
1 mm/s = 0,001 m/s - millimeter per second
1 --- = 2.99792 x 108 m/s - speed of light

TEMPERATURE
- Conversion of the degree Celsius into Fahrenheit =
degrees C x 1.8 + 32
- Conversion of the Fahrenheit into degree Celsius =
(degrees F - 32.) / 1.8

A noter que le 0 degré absolu Rankine (0°R) est le même que le

zéro absolu Kelvin (0 K)

Point de congélation / fusion de l'eau / glace = 0°C ou 32°F ou

273,15 K ou 491.67°R.

Point d'ébullition de l'eau = 100°C ou 212°F ou 373,15 K ou

671.67°R.
Type de conversion mode opératoire
Degrees Celsius (C) to degrees = (C) + 273.15 = (K)
Kelvin (K)
Degrees Celsius (C) to degrees = [(C) * 1.8] + 32 = (F)
Fahrenheit (F)
Degrees Celsius (C) to degrees = [(C) * 1.8] + 491.67 = (R)
Rankine (R)
Degrees Fahrenheit (F) to = [(F) * 0.555556] + 255.37 =
degrees Kelvin (K) (K)
Degrees Fahrenheit (F) to = (F) + 459.67 = (R)
degrees Rankine (R)
Degrees Kelvin (K) to degrees = (K) * 1.8 = (R)
Rankine (R)
Degrees Rankine (R) to degrees = [(R) - 491.67] * 0.555556 =
Celsius (C) (C)
Degrees Rankine (R) to degrees = (R) * 0.555556 = (K)
Kelvin (K)

FORCE
The Newton is the unit of force of the SI. A Newton is the force required to give to a mass of 1 kilogram an
acceleration of 1 meter per second.

The most current force is the weight. It is a vertical force directed to the bottom, which results from the
action of gravity. Whose equivalent is : mass * 9.806 (N/kg) )

Pression (the unit of pressure of the S.I is the Pascal)

The pressure is a force per unit of area.

A Pascal corresponds to the pressure generated by a force of 1 Newton acting on a surface of 1 square
meter also said Newton per square meter (N/m2). It is a rather small unit like result and it more often used
as a kilopascal [ kPa ] or in bar, equivalent to 100 000 Pascal.

Le daN is the 1/10 of N , et le daN/cm2 is equal to 1 bar.

 Pound-force/sq in = 1 lbf/in2 or psi = 6,89476 kPa
Pound-force/sq ft = lbf/ft2 = 1 lbf/ft2 = 47,8803 Pa

Symbole SI équivalent Désignation unité de mesure en Anglais

1 at = 98066,5 Pa - atmosphere (metric)
1 atm = 101325 Pa - atmosphere (standard)
1 bar = 100000 Pa - bar
1 cmHg (0 °C) = 1333,22 Pa - centimeter of mercury (0 °C)
1 cmH2O = 98.0638 Pa - centimeter of water (4 °C)
1 dyn/cm2 = 0,1 Pa - dyne per square centimeter
1 ft H2O = 2988,98 Pa - foot of water (4 °C)
1 hPa = 100 Pa - hectopascal
1 inHg (0 °C) = 3386,38 Pa - inch of mercury (0 °C)
1 inHg (15.56 °C) = 3377,18 Pa - inch of mercury (15.56 °C)
1 inH2O (15.56 °C) = 248,845 Pa - inch of water (15.56 °C)
1 inH2O (4 °C) = 249,082 Pa - inch of water (4 °C)
1 kgf/cm2 = 98066,5 Pa - kilogram force per square centimeter

1 kgf/dm2 = 980,665 Pa - kilogram force per square decimeter

1 kgf/m2 = 9,80665 Pa - kilogram force per square meter
1 kgf/mm2 = 9806650 Pa - kilogram force per square millimeter
1 kPa = 1000 Pa - kilopascal
1 kip/in2, ksi, KSI = 6894760 Pa - kilopound force per square inch
1 MPa = 1000000 Pa - megapascal
1 mH2O, mCE (15.56 °C) = 9797,06 Pa - meter of water (15.56 °C)
1 mH2O, mCE (4 °C) = 9806.38 Pa - meter of water (4 °C)
1 µbar = 0,1 Pa - microbar (barye, barrie)
1 µHg (0 °C) = 0,133322 Pa - micron of mercury (millitorr)
1 mbar = 100 Pa - millibar
1 mmHg, torr, Torr (0 °C) = 133,322 Pa - millimeter of mercury (0 °C)
1 mmH2O, mmCE (15.56 °C) = 9.79706 Pa - millimeter of water (15.56 °C)
1 mmH2O, mmCE (4 °C) = 9.80638 Pa - millimeter of water (4 °C)
1 N/m2 = 1 Pa - newton per square meter
1 Pa, N/m2 = 1 Pa - pascal
1 lbf/ft2 = 47,8803 Pa - pound force per square foot
1 psi, PSI, lbf/in2 = 6894,76 Pa - pound force per square inch
1 atm = 101325 Pa - standard atmosphere
1 tonf/cm2 (metric) = 98066500 Pa - ton force (metric) per square centimeter

1 tonf/m2 (metric) = 9806,65 Pa - ton force (metric) per square meter

1 torr = 133,322 Pa - torr

ENERGIE, TRAVAIL ou QUANTITE DE CHALEUR

Joule (J) is equivalent to the work produced by a force of 1 Newton who's the point of application moves of
1 m in the direction of the force.

The calorie that is still used is quantified under various values.

The general standard, it is the quantity of heat necessary to raise 1°C the temperature of 1 gram of water of
14.5 to 15.5°C under the normal atmospheric pressure.

1 calorie = 4.186 J - 0.003968 Btu - 3.087 foot-pounds.

1 kg of water at 15°C under 1 atm = 4.1855 kj/kg °C or 1 kcal/kg °C · 1 kcal = 1.163 w.

The small calorie or therm, is measured of 3.5°C to 4.5°C (water is densest at 4°C).

The intermediate value of the calorie in the range of 0°C to 100°C is called the average calorie; i.e. 1/100 of
energy necessary to heat the water of 1 gram of water of the melting point at its point of boiling.

Type of calorie joule equivalent

Thermochemical 4.184
International Table 4.186.8
at 15 °C 4.1855
Mean of 0°C to 100°C 4.19012
A British thermal unit (Btu or BTU and also known as a heat unit in the United States)

BTU: It is the quantity of heat necessary to increase the temperature of a degree Fahrenheit per unit of
mass of 1 pound of water, that is to say a mass of 0.4535924 kg.

The British Thermal Unit (BTU) can also take various values and are called in a similar way to the calorie,
that is Btu (IT), (Th), etc.

One hundred thousand BTU (100 000 Btu) are called a Therm , thus its exact value depends on which BTU
is used.

Energie mesurée en unité de temps (unités non conventionnelles)

Le Joule étant une unité trop petite pour les besoins usuels, on utilise plutôt Watt-heure (Wh) ou son
multiple le kilowatt-heure (kWh)
(C'est le cas général par exemple pour les calculs de bilans thermiques ou calculs de déperditions)

1 Mega-joule (MJ) = 278 Wh ou 0,278 kWh

1 Watt-heure (Wh) = 3600 Joules

1 calorie/heure (cal/h) (unité non

usitée) = 0,0011639 Wh

1 British thermal unit/hour (Btu/h) = 0,293 071 Wh

1 kilocalorie/heure (kcal/h) (unité

non usitée) = 1,163 Wh
Symbole SI équivalent Désignation unité de mesure
1 bboe = 6.12 x 10^9 J - barrel oil equivalent
1 bboe = 6.12 x 10^9 J - bboe (barrel oil equivalent)
1 Btu (ISO) = 1055.06 J - British thermal unit (ISO)
1 Btu (IT) = 1055.06 J - British thermal unit (IT)
1 Btu (mean) = 1055.87 J - British thermal unit (mean)
1 Btu (therm.) = 1054.35 J - British thermal unit (thermochemical)
1 cal15 = 4.185 J - calorie (15 °C)
1 cal4 = 4.2045 J - calorie (4 °C)
 1 Cal, kcal = 4180 J - Calorie (diet kilocalorie)
1 cal (IT) = 4.18674 J - calorie (IT) (International Steam Table)

1 calmean = 4.19002 J - calorie (mean)

1 cal (therm.) = 4.184 J - calorie (thermochemical)
1 Chu = 1899.18 J - Celsius-heat unit
1 C-V = 1 J - coulomb volt
1 ft3-atm = 2869.2 J - cubic foot atm
1 eV = 1.60218 x 10-19 J - electronvolt
1 erg = 1x10-7 J - erg
1 ft-lbf = 1.35582 J - foot-pound force
1 GeV = 1.60218 x 10-10 J - gigaelectronvolt
1 gram-cal = 4.18674 J - gram calorie
1 Hp-h = 2.68452 x 10^6 J - horsepower (550ft-lbf/s)-hour
1 in-lbf = 0.112985 J - inch pound force
1J =1J - joule
1 kcal15 = 4185.5 J - kilocalorie (15 °C)
1 kcal4 = 4204.5 J - kilocalorie (4 °C)
1 keV = 1.60218 x 10-16 J - kiloelectronvolt
1 kJ = 1000 J - kilojoule
1 kWh = 3.6 x 10^6 J - kilowatt-hour
1 MeV = 1.60218 x 10-13 J - megaelectronvolt
1 MJ = 1 x 10^6 J - megajoule
1 N-m = 1 J - newton meter
1therm = 1.05506 x 10^8 J - therm (EEG)
1therm = 1.0548 x 10^8 J - therm (US)
1 th15 °C = 4.1855 x 10^6 J - thermie (15 °C)
1 toe = 4.187 x 10^10 J - toe (tonne oil equivalent)
1 ton (TNT) = 4.18 x 10^9 J - ton TNT equivalent
1 tce = 2.929 x 10^10 J - tonne coal equivalent
1 toe = 4.187x 10^10 J - tonne oil equivalent
1 Wh = 3600 J - watt hour

CHALEUR SPECIFIQUE
Symbole SI équivalent Désignation unité de mesure
1 Btu (IT)/lbm = 2326 J/kg - British thermal unit (IT) per pound mass

1 Btu (therm.)/lbm = 2324.44 J/kg - British thermal unit (therm.) per pound
mass
1 cal (IT)/g = 4186.74 J/kg - calorie (IT) per gram
1 cal (therm.)/g = 4184 J/kg - calorie (therm.) per gram
1 J/g = 1000 J/kg - joule per gram
1 J/kg = 1 J/kg - joule per kilogram
1 Cal (IT)/kg, kcal/kg = 4186.74 J/kg - kilocalorie (IT) per kilogram
1 kWh/kg = 3.6 x 10^6 J/kg - kilowatt-hour per kilogram

Power (the unit of power of the S.I = Watt)

The power is the unit of energy per unit of time.

1 Joule = 1 Watt during one second.

1 Joule (J) = 1 w/s or Newton meter (Nm).
1 watt/h = 3600 Joules.

C'est cette unité qui est attribuée aux générateurs d'énergie (moteurs, chaudières, etc.) ou à leurs dérivés.

1 Watt = 1 Joule pendant une seconde.

Energie (E en Joules) = W (Puissance en watt) x t (temps en secondes)

Par exemple :

Une ampoule de 100 W (puissance) sera équivalent en énergie (E) sur une heure à 0,36 MJ ou 100 Wh.

Un moteur d'une puissance de 10 ch (7,36 kw) sera équivalent en énergie (E) sur une heure à 26,5 MJ
ou 7,36 kWh.

Attention ceci ne signifie pas la consommation d'énergie (Il faut intégré tous les rendement et autres pour
obtenir la consommation d'énergie équivalente)

Il y a 2 unités différentes dans l'utilisation du horse power (HP). La pemière unité (HP = 745,7 watt) utilisée
au USA/UK est basée sur l'énergie équivalente pour soulever un poids de 550 livres (pound) au travers 1
pied (foot) en une seconde. La seconde unité (HP = 736 watt) utilisée en Europe continentale est basée sur
l'énergie équivalente en énergie à soulever dun poids de 75 kilogrammes sur 1 mètre en 1 seconde.

Symbole SI équivalent Désignation unité de mesure en Anglais

1 Btu (IT)/h = 0.293071 W - British thermal unit (IT) per hour
1 Btu (IT)/min = 17.5843 W - British thermal unit (IT) per minute
1 Btu (IT)/s = 1055.06 W - British thermal unit (IT) per second
1 Btu (therm.)/h = 0.292875 W - British thermal unit (therm.) per hour
1 Btu (therm.)/min = 17.5725 W - British thermal unit (therm.) per minute

1 Btu (therm.)/s = 1054.35 W - British thermal unit (therm.) per second

1 cal (IT)/h = 0,00116298 W - calorie (IT) per hour

1 cal (IT)/min = 0,069779 W - calorie (IT) per minute
1 cal (IT)/s = 4.18674 W - calorie (IT) per second
1 cal (therm.)/h = 0,00162222 W - calorie (therm.) per hour
1 cal (therm.)/min = 0,0697333 W - calorie (therm.) per minute
1 cal (therm.)/s = 4.184 W - calorie (therm.) per second
1 cv, HP = 735.499 W - cheval-vapeur (horsepower)
1 dyn-cm/s = 1 x 10-7 W - dyne-centimeter per second
1 erg/s = 1 x 10-7 W - erg per second
1 ft-lbf/h = 3.76616 x 10-4 W - foot-pound force per hour
1 ft-lbf/min = 0,022597 W - foot-pound force per minute
1 ft-lbf/s = 1.35582 W - foot-pound force per second
1 ft-pdl/s = 0,0421401 W - foot-poundal per second
1 HP = 745.7 W - horsepower (550 ft-lbf/s)
 1 HP = 9809.5 W - horsepower (boiler)
1 BHP, hp = 745.7 W - horsepower (British)
1 cv, HP = 735.499 W - horsepower (cheval-vapeur)
1 HP = 746 W - horsepower (electric)
1 HP = 735.499 W - horsepower (metric)
1 HP = 746.043 W - horsepower (water)
1 kgf-m/s = 9.80665 W - kilogram force-meter per second
1 kW = 1000 W - kilowatt
1 CTR (UK) = 3922.7 W - ton (refrigeration, UK)
1 CTR (US) = 3516.8 W - ton (refrigeration, US)
1 VA = 1 W - volt-ampere
1W =1W - watt
1 W = 1.00019 W - watt (int. mean)
1 W = 1.00016 W - watt (int. US)

LA PUISSANCE APPARENTE (Unité pratique de puissance électrique apparente moteur électrique)

Symbole SI équivalent Désignation unité de mesure en Anglais

1 Volt Amperes (VA) = E (V) x I (A) (mono-phasé) = E (V) x I (A) x 1,73 (tri-phasé)
1 Kilovolt amperes (kVA) = 1000 x E (V) x I (A) #NAME?

Dynamic viscosity (Pa.s)

Symbole SI équivalent Désignation unité de mesure en Anglais

1 cP, cPo = 1x10-3 Pa-s - centipoise
1 dyn-s/cm2 = 0.1 Pa-s - dyne second per square centimeter
1 gf-s/cm2 = 98.0665 Pa-s - gram force second per square
centimeter
1 g/cm-s = 0.1 Pa-s - gram per centimeter per second
1 kgf-s/m2 = 9.80665 Pa-s - kilogram force second per square meter

1 kg/m-s = 1 Pa-s - kilogram per meter per second

1 N-s/m2 = 1 Pa-s - newton second per square meter
1 Pa-s = 1 Pa-s - pascal second
1 P, Po = 0.1 Pa-s - poise
1 -- = 1 Pa-s - poiseuille
1 lbf-s/ft2 = 47.8803 Pa-s - pound force second per square foot

1 lbm/ft-s = 1.48816 Pa-s - pound mass per foot second

1 lbm/in-s = 17.858 Pa-s - pound mass per inch second
1 reyns (reyn) = 6894.76 Pa-s - reynolds (reyns)
1 slug/ft-s = 47.8803 Pa-s - slug per foot second
1 slug/in-s = 574.563 Pa-s - slug per inch second

Cinematic viscosity (m²/s)

Symbole SI équivalent Désignation unité de mesure en Anglais

1 cSt = 1 x 10-6 m²/s - centistokes
1 cm2/s = 1 x 10-4 m²/s - square centimeter per second
1 ft2/h = 2.58064 x 10-5 m²/s - square foot per hour
1 ft2/s = 9.2903 x 10-2 m²/s - square foot per second
1 in2/h = 1.79211 x 10-7 m²/s - square inch per hour
1 in2/s = 6.4516 x 10-4 m²/s - square inch per second
1 m2/h = 2.77778 x 10-4 m²/s - square meter per hour
1 m2/s = 1 m²/s - square meter per second
1 St = 1 x 10-4 m²/s - stokes
The specific gravity of some common liquids or fluids can be found in the table below:

Temperature Specific Gravity

Product o
F o
C SG 1)
61 16.1 0.79
Acetaldehyde CH3CHO 68 20 0.76

Acetic acid 5% - vinegar 59 15 1.006

Acetic acid - 10% 59 15 1.014

Acetic acid - 50% 59 15 1.061

Acetic acid - 80% 59 15 1.075

Acetic acid - concentrated 59 15 1.055

Acetic acid anhydride (CH3COO)2O 59 15 1.087

Acetone CH3COCH3 68 20 0.792

Alcohol - allyl 68 20 0.855

68 20 0.81
Alcohol - butyl-n 158 70 0.78

68 20 0.789
Alcohol - ethyl (grain) C2H5OH 104 40 0.772

Alcohol - methyl (wood) CH3OH 68 20 0.79

68 20 0.804
Alcohol - propyl 32 0 0.817

Aluminum sulfate 36% solution 60 15.6 1.055

Ammonia 0 -17.8 0.662
68 20 1.022
Aniline 32 0 1.035

Automotive crankcase oils

SAE-5W/10W/20W/30W/40W/50W 60 15.6 0.88-0.94

Automotive gear oils

60 15.6 0.88-0.94
SAE-75W/80W/85W/90W/140W/150W 60 15.6 0.88-0.94
Beer 60 15.6 1.01

32 0 0.899
Benzene (benzol) C6H6 60 15.6 0.885
Bone oil 60 15.6 0.918
46.4 8 1.014
Boric acid H3BO3 59 15 1.025
Bromine 32 0 2.9
Butane-n 60 15.6 0.584
Butyric acid 68 20 0.959

Calcium chloride 5% 65 18.3 1.04

Calcium chloride 25% 60 15.6 1.23

Carbolic acid (phenol) 65 18.3 1.08

Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 68 20 1.594

32 0 1.293
Carbon disulfide CS2 68 20 1.263
68 20 0.96
Castor Oil 104 40 0.95

China wood oil 60 15.6 0.943

68 20 1.489
Chloroform 140 60 1.413
Coconut oil 60 15.6 0.925

Cod liver oil 59 15 0.920-0.925

Corn oil 60 15.6 0.924

Cotton seed oil 60 15.6 0.88-0.93

Creosote 60 15.6 1.04-1.10
60 15.6 0.79
Crude oil 48o API 130 54.4 0.76
60 15.6 0.825
Crude oil 40o API 130 54.4 0.805
60 15.6 0.847
Crude oil 35.6o API 130 54.4 0.824
60 15.6 0.832
Crude oil 32.6 API
o
130 54.4 0.84
60 15.6 0.843
Crude oil Salt creek 130 54.4 0.82
Decane-n 68 20 0.73
 Diethylene glycol 60 15.6 1.12

Diethyl ether 68 20 0.714

Diphenylamine 1.16

Diesel Fuel Oil 2D/3D/4D/5D 60 15.6 0.81 - 0.96

Dowtherm 77 25 1.056

59 15 0.907
Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H3 68 20 0.9

Ethyl bromide C2H3Br 59 15 1.45

Ethylene bromide 68 20 2.18

Ethylene chloride 68 20 1.246

Ethylene glycol 60 15.6 1.125

Formic acid - 10% 68 20 1.025

Formic acid - 50% 68 20 1.121

Formic acid - 80% 68 20 1.186

Formic acid - concentrated 68 20 1.221

Freon - 11 70 21.1 1.49
Freon - 12 70 21.1 1.33
Freon - 21 70 21.1 1.37
Furfurol 68 20 1.159

Fuel oils 1/2/3/5A/5B/6 60 15.6 0.82-0.95

Gas oils 60 15.6 0.89
Gasoline a 60 15.6 0.74
Gasoline b 60 15.6 0.72
Gasoline c 60 15.6 0.68

Glycerin 100% 68 20 1.26

Glycerin 50% water 68 20 1.13

Glucose 60 15.6 1.35-1.44
Heptane-n 60 15.6 0.688
Hexane-n 60 15.6 0.664
Ink printers 60 15.6 1.0-1.4
Kerosene 60 15.6 0.78-0.82
 Jet fuel 60 15.6 0.82
Lard 60 15.6 0.96
Lard oil 60 15.6 0.91-0.93
Linseed oil 60 15.6 0.92-0.94
Mercury 60 15.6 13.6

Methyl acetate 68 20 0.93

Methyl iodide 68 20 2.28

Milk 60 15.6 1.02-1.05

Molasses A first 60 15.6 1.40-1.46

Molasses B second 60 15.6 1.43-1.48

Molasses C blackstrap 60 15.6 1.46-1.49

Naphthalene 68 20 1.145

Neatsfoot oil 60 15.6 0.917

68 20 1.203
Nitrobentzene 59 15 1.205
60 15.6 0.722
Nonane-n 68 20 0.718
Octane-n 60 15.6 0.707
Olive oil 60 15.6 0.91 - 0.92
Palm oil 60 15.6 0.924
Peanut oil 60 15.6 0.92
32 0 0.65
Pentane-n 60 15.6 0.631

Potassium hydrate 1.24

Sodium chloride 1.19

Sodium hydrate 1.27

Tuluol 0.87
Turpentine 0.87

Water. fresh 1

Water. sea 36 oF 1.02

Xylene 0.87

1)
Based on water at 60oF and SG = 1
Pressure Converting Tables

The tables below can be used to convert between some common pressure units:
Multiply by
Convert to
Convert
from Pa (N/m ) 2
bar atmosphere mm Hg mm H2O m H2 O kg/cm2
Pa (N/m ) 2
1 10 -5
9.87 10 -6
0.0075 0.1 10 -4
1.02 10-5
bar 105 1 0.987 745 1.0197 104 10.197 1.0197
atmosphere 1.01 10 5
1.013 1 759.9 10132 10.13 1.03
mm Hg 133.3 1.33 10-3 1.32 10-3 1 13.3 0.013 1.36 10-3
mm H2O 10 0.000097 9.87 10-5 0.075 1 0.001 1.02 10-4
m H 2O 104 0.097 9.87 10 -2
75 1000 1 0.102
kg/cm2 9.8 104 0.98 0.97 735 10000 10 1
pound
square feet 47.8 4.78 10-4 4.72 10-4 0.36 4.78 4.78 10-3 4.88 10-4

pound
square
inches (psi) 6897 0.069 0.068 51.7 689.7 0.69 0.07
inches Hg 3377 0.0338 0.033 25.33 337.7 0.337 0.034
inches H2O 248.8 2.49 10-3 2.46 10-3 1.87 24.88 0.0249 0.0025

Multiply by
Convert to

pound
Convert pound square
from square feet inches (psi) inches Hg inches H2O
Pa (N/m ) 2
0.021 1.45 10 -4
2.96 10 -4
4.02 10-3
bar 2090 14.5 29.61 402
atmosphere 2117.5 14.69 29.92 407
mm Hg 2.79 0.019 0.039 0.54
mm H2O 0.209 1.45 10-3 2.96 10-3 0.04
m H 2O 209 1.45 2.96 40.2
kg/cm2 2049 14.21 29.03 394
pound
square feet 1 0.0069 0.014 0.19

pound
square
inches (psi) 144.1 1 2.04 27.7
inches Hg 70.6 0.49 1 13.57
inches H2O 5.2 0.036 0.074 1
Some other Pressure Units

1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0000102 Atmosphere (metric)

1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0000099 Atmosphere (standard)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.00001 Bar
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10 Barad
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10 Barye
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0007501 Centimeter of mercury (0 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0101974 Centimeter of water (4 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10 Dyne/square centimeter
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0003346 Foot of water (4 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10-9 Gigapascal
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.01 Hectopascal
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0002953 Inch of mercury (0 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0002961 Inch of mercury (15.56 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0040186 Inch of water (15.56 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0040147 Inch of water (4 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0000102 Kilogram force/centimetre2
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0010197 Kilogram force/decimetre2
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.101972 Kilogram force/meter2
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10-7 Kilogram force/millimeter2
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10-3 Kilopascal
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10-7 Kilopound force/square inch
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10-6 Megapascal
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.000102 Meter of water (4 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10 Microbar (barye, barrie)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 7.50062 Micron of mercury (millitorr)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.01 Millibar
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0075006 Millimeter of mercury (0 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.10207 Millimeter of water (15.56 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.10197 Millimeter of water (4 C)
1 Pa (N/m2) =7.5006 Millitorr
1 Pa (N/m2) = 1 Newton/square meter
1 Pa (N/m2) = 32.1507 Ounce force (avdp)/square inch
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0208854 Pound force/square foot
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.000145 Pound force/square inch
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.671969 Poundal/square foot
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0046665 Poundal/square inch
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0000099 Standard atmosphere
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0000093 Ton (long)/foot2
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10-7 Ton (long)/inch2
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0000104 Ton (short)/foot2
1 Pa (N/m2) = 10-7 Ton/inch2
1 Pa (N/m2) = 0.0075006 Torr