Commodity Profile of Tomato Region I PDF
Commodity Profile of Tomato Region I PDF
TOMATO
I. GENERAL INFORMATION
Commodity Description
Cultural Management
Technical Information
Variety
• Marikit (UPL Tm1)
• Maigaya (UPL Tm6)
• Shalom (S2T46)
Seedling Rate
• 50-100 seeds per row
1
Land Preparation
• Plow the field at least one month before the schedule date of
transplanting
• Plowing and harrowing can be done at one week intervals to allow
weed seeds to germinate between passings.
Sowing
Transplanting
Fertilization
Apply 1 tbsp (10 grms.) complete fertilizer per hill one to two days
before transplanting
First side dressing can be done 30 days after transplanting by mixing
two parts of urea (46-0-0) and one part of muriate of potash (0-0-60)
Apply 1 tbsp (10 grms.) per hill of this mixture 6-8 cm away from the
base of the seedlings in bands.
Side dress using the same mixture and rate two weeks later.
Water Management
Water the plants when necessary. It is desirable that the plants receive
sufficient moisture from the early stage of growth until the early stage
of growth until the early fruiting stage.
Mulching
Use rice straw or silvery plastic mulch. This practice conserves soil
moisture and suppresses weed growth.
2
Trellising
Use bamboo or ipil-ipil as trellis posts and synthetic straw and nylon in
tying and vine training. Trellising reduces losses due to rotting of fruits
especially during wet season and facilitates harvesting.
Tomato Fruit Worm. The larvae tunnel into the fruit and feed
voraciously on the tissues. This causes the fruit to rot and subsequently
fall off. The full grown larvae have variable colors. The female adult is
from light to dull olive in color while the male has a dark circular spots on
the middle of the forewings. The eggs are laid singly on the blossoms,
leaves or fruits.
28 Spotted Lady Beetle. Both larvae and adults feed voraciously on the
leaves of the host, scraping away succulent tissues and leaving the thin
epidermis and the veins. When numerous, the host plants are badly
defoliated. The adult is brownish-yellow and turtle-like. The elytra are
provided with 28 dark spots. The spindle-shaped, pale yellow eggs are laid
in clusters of about 9-55 eggs per egg mass on the leaves of the host plant.
The incubation period ranges from 3-5 days. The newly hatched larvae are
yellow turning dark as they mature. They are provided with numerous
spine-like structures. There total larval period ranges from 16-23 days.
The pupa can be found attached on the leaves or stems. The pupal period
lasts from 2-7 days. Total development period ranges from 25-41 days.
3
Melon or Cotton Aphids. It is relatively small species measuring about
1-2 mm long, soft bodied insect. Color normally varies from yellow-green
to dark olivegreen or almost dull black. It causes injury by sucking up the
cell sap of the plant. When numerous, the vigor of the plant is greatly
reduced, stunted and leaves curl down at the edges.
Spider Mites. Nymphs and adults feed by sucking the plant juices. Injured
leaves will show pale mottling or stippling on the upper surface. These
mites have been reported to be responsible for transmitting top crinkle or
necrosis on tomato. It is tiny measuring about 0.20 mm long, yellow, with
dark strips down and back. Egg measures 0.10 mm each are dark colored
and covered with numerous tuburcles.
Bacterial Wilt. The wilting of the young leaves or slight yellowing of the
oldest leaves is the first symptoms of the disease. The xylem, an inner part
of the stem, turns brown and the roots develop water-soaked appearance.
As the browning and root decay progress, the foliage increasingly wilts
and the plants eventually die.
Bacterial Leaf and Fruit Spot. The young foliage shows pale green
pimples on the surface of the leaf while the upper surface develops
lesions. These raised areas roughen and have been referred to as warts.
Similar spots occur on fruits, on the leaves. The lesions are small, brown,
smooth and are surrounded by a narrow yellow hale. Crop rotation should
be practiced.
Leaf Mold. The first symptom on the leaves is the appearance of a light
green or yellowish are on the upper epidermis. The organism develops and
covers the underside of the leaf with a purple mold. As the fungus
becomes established, the affected tissue is killed and turns brownish
yellow until the whole leaf dies.
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Mosaic. The disease is caused by a virus. The symptoms of infection are
light and dark green mottling of the leaves, as light curling and occasional
malformation of the leaflets. Infected plants are stunted and have low
yield. The disease is highly infectious. It is highly contagious and is easily
spread by direct contact with infected plants and/or persons who may have
handles mosaic infected plants. It is also transmitted by insect. Strict
sanitation should be practiced. Excessive handling of tomato seedlings
should be avoided. Hands should be washed with soap and water before
handling the plants. Insect vectors such as aphids, leafhoppers and other
sucking insects should be controlled.
Root Knot. The disease is caused by nematodes. These are active, slender,
thread like roundworms, about 1/70 of an inch long. Their mouth-part is
equipped with a tiny spear or stylet which they used to puncture plant to
obtain plant juices. The root knot nematodes are the most destructive of
the nematodes on vegetables. The most reliable symptom is the presence
of swelling on knots on the roots, which are called galls. The symptoms on
the plants parts above the grounds though not distinct resemble drought
injury or nutrient deficiency. Affected plants become stunted and wilt
readily in hot, dry weather. Crop rotation should be practiced. The farm
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should be plowed thoroughly during the dry season to expose the
nematodes to heat and dryness.
Weed Control
2. PRODUCTION
Volume of Production
2.2.1 Philippines
Ye a r
P a r ti c u l a r A ve ra g e % S h a re
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Ilo c o s R e g io n 5 2 ,9 1 6 58 ,07 9 5 5 ,32 6 5 4 ,25 3 60,827 5 6 ,2 8 0 100
G rowth Rate 5.51 9.76 (4.74) (1.94) 12.12 4.14
Iloc os Norte 16,892 19,149 19,737 19,995 22,145 19,584 35
Iloc os S ur 11,771 12,000 11,439 12,488 15,496 12,639 22
Larowth
G UnionRate 466
(2.92) 471
1.07 729
54.78 706
(3.16) 967
36.91 668
17.34 1
221
P angas inan
G rowth Rate 23,787
0.44 26,459
11.23 23,422
(11.48) 21,064
(10.07) 22,220
5.49 23,390
(0.88) 42
Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS)
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2.1.2 Top Ten Tomato Producing Provinces, Philippines
Production Area
2.2.1. Philippines
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The country’s tomato area harvested had a fluctuating growth rate of 2.57
from 2002-2006. Ilocos Region reflected the biggest area planted with about 23
percent shares to the country’s aggregate area. Central Luzon Region placed
second with about 20 percent and Northern Mindanao, placed third, shared about
11 percent, while the rest of the regions shared about less than 1 to 9 percent.
Ye a r
P a rticula r Ave ra ge % S ha re
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Ilocos Re gion 3,892 4,119 3,901 3,775 3,866 3,911 100
Growth Rate 1.65 5.83 (5.29) (3.23) 2.41 0.27
Ilocos Norte 1,045 1,176 1,195 1,210 1,245 1,174 30.02
Ilocos Sur 1,203 1,203 1,052 1,081 1,090 1,126 28.79
La Union 113 113 115 113 126 116 2.97
Pangasinan 1,531 1,627 1,539 1,372 1,405 1,495 38.22
Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS)
Ilocos Region reflected an average growth rate of 0.27 percent from 2003-
2007. Provinces of Ilocos Norte and La Union had a positive average growth of
5.21 percent and 2.31 percent, respectively for the same reference period which
was relatively higher than the regional average growth rate, while provinces of
Ilocos Sur and Pangasinan had a negative fluctuating growth rate.
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Average Yield of Tomato (MT/HA.)
2.3.1. Philippines
Ye a r
P a rtic u la r A v e ra g e
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
P h ilip p in e s 8 .9 4 8 .9 4 9 .7 4 9 .8 0 1 0 .2 5 9 .5 4
Ye a r
P a r ti c u l a r A v e ra g e
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Ilo c o s R e g io n 13.60 1 4.1 0 14.18 14 .3 7 1 5.7 3 14.40
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In Ilocos Region, Ilocos Norte had the highest yield of 16.66 metric tons
per hectare followed by Pangasinan with 15.64 mt/ha., Ilocos Sur with 11.28
mt/ha. and La Union got the lowest with 5.72 mt./ha.
Province Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Se pt. Oct. Nov. Dec.
PLANTING
Ilocos Norte
Ilocos Sur
La Union
Pangasinan
HARVESTING
Ilocos Norte
Ilocos Sur
La Union
Pangasinan
4. MARKETING
4.1. Prices
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Table 9. Average Retail Price of Tomato per Kg., by Month,
Ilocos Region, 2002-2007
Ye a r
Month
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
January 12.53 22.21 10.14 22.82 24.65 24.6
February 7.78 19.83 7.84 18.72 20.94 14.17
March 8.69 13.04 11.68 14.48 25.05 13.3
April 10.25 13.90 17.84 11.01 31.87 18.5
May 15.94 25.26 22.48 14.93 33.84 28.09
June 20.27 38.47 31.63 20.15 29.77 46.8
July 25.41 41.60 34.11 27.62 27.80 51.63
August 31.08 32.59 33.33 43.60 22.68 40.54
September 36.21 33.90 36.05 47.20 26.36 40.18
October 37.30 31.84 38.07 51.18 40.85 39.89
November 24.72 36.04 29.55 35.58 42.24 37.23
December 23.11 31.75 23.49 41.01 31.45 36.68
Ave ra ge 21.11 28.37 24.68 29.03 29.79 32.63
Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS)
Figure 1. Annual Average Retail Price per Kg. of Tomato, Ilocos Region,
2002-2007
25 24.68
21.11
20
15
10
0
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
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4.2. Supply and Demand
Table 10. Supply and Demand of Tomato, by Province, Ilocos Region 2007
The province of Pangasinan had the highest demand due to its population,
however it can still sustain the supply because it had the highest volume of
production of about 22 thousand metric tons, followed by Ilocos Norte of almost
the same.
Ilocos Norte’s surplus in production caters the demand for the tomato
processing plants located in the province and the deficit supply in La Union.
The key players in the marketing of Tomato produced in Ilocos Region are
limited only to wholesaler/ retailers and retailers who directly buy from producers
before it reaches the end-users, the consumers.
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SOURCE AND DESTINATION OF TOMATO, ILOCOS REGION
Source Destination
Province Municipality Province/Municipality
Pangasinan Asingan
Sta. Maria Urdaneta City, Dagupan City
Urdaneta City & Divisoria
Villasis
Alaminos City
La Union Bauang
San Fernando City ,
Naguilian
Bacnotan, Balaoan, Aringay,
San Fernando City
Agoo, Naguilian & Caba
Bacnotan
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LIST OF TOMATO PRODUCERS
NAME ADDRESS CONTACT PERSON
A. Cooperatives/Associations
ILOCOS SUR
1 P. Tamurong Entrepreneur MPC Tamurong, Caoayan Mr.Armando Adoc/
Mr. Romeo Pamani
2 Lugong East MPC Lugong East Mr. Mariano Rabara
3 Nansuagao MPC Nansuagao, Caoayan Ms. Delia Llanes
4 Anonang Menor MPC Anonang Menor, Caoayan Mr. Raymundo Quindiagan
5 Bantay Federated MPC Bantay Mr. Marcelino Ballesteros
6 St. Augustine MPC Bantay Ms. Eleuteria Ramucal
7 Caoayan Farmers Assn Caoayan Mr. Brigido Anicas
B. Individual Producers
ILOCOS NORTE
1 Joel Jardines Bacarra
2 Mario Melchor Laoag City
3 Bellamor Rabuto Sarrat
4 Mario Tangonan Bacarra
5 Toribio Rasalan Sarrat
6 Nestor Andres Sarrat
7 Victorio Deuz San Nicolas
8 Sonny dela Cruz Batac
9 Rogelio Ortal Batac
10 Danilo Ramos San Nicolas
11 Wenceslao Patricio Laoag City
12 Florencio Tangonan Bacarra
13 Robert Calma Bacarra
14 Aida P. Ingel Batac
15 Eddie Mar Grande San Nicolas
16 Oscar Agustin Batac
17 Roosevelt Ramos Bacarra
18 Alejandro Queda, Jr. Bacarra
19 Joel Aceret Bacarra
20 Orlando Rarogal Sarrat
21 Robert Patricio Laoag City
22 Ernesto Agustin San Nicolas
23 Danny Parbo Batac
24 Florendo Llada San Nicolas
25 Pepe Badua San Nicolas
26 Virginio Daradar Batac
27 Luciano Balictar Sarrat
28 Roel Ramento Bacarra
29 German Corpuz Sarrat
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NAME ADDRESS CONTACT PERSON
B. Individual Producers
ILOCOS SUR
30 Abraham Oliver Magsingal
31 Moises Viloria San Juan
32 Felicisimo Solmerin Cabugao
33 Nardito Iniba Sinait
34 Alerto Ibarra Sinait
35 Vicente Reclusado San Vicente
36 Ernesto Racca San Juan
37 Edgar Salcedo San Juan
38 Gilmar Solmerin Cabugao
39 Danny Solmerin Cabugao
40 Rodrigo Sabugo Cabugao
41 Lolita Tabieros Sinait
42 Valentin Ines Sinait
43 Zenaida Igayac Sinait
44 Nemesio Yadao Sinait
45 Amante Aryago Sinait
46 Eleuterio Peros Cabugao
47 Jim Ines Sinait
48 Dominador Retuta San Juan
49 Antonio Sayaboc Cabugao
50 Edison Sabugo Cabugao
51 Lucas Rocero San Vicente
52 Jojo Yoro Sinait
53 Estrella Fellar Sinait
54 Consejo Solomon Sinait
55 Alfonso Seatrig Baclig, Cabugao
56 Romeo Pamani Tamurong, Caoayan
57 Brigido Anicas Nansuagao, Caoayan
58 Erasto Quintos Anonang, Caoayan
59 Mariano Rabara Lusong East, Caoayan
60 Alex Raqueno Villamar, Caoayan
61 Julian Tiboc Naguillan, Caoayan
62 Anselmo Tabaca Pantay Quitiquit, Caoayan
LA UNION
63 Romeo Gaytero Aringay
64 Elma D. Galvez Aringay
65 Cesar Estilong Caba
66 Gerbancio Laroza Sto. Tomas
67 Saturnino Areola San Fernando City
68 Lope Bautista Naguilian
69 Marcelino Tejano Bauang
70 Blandino P. Honesa, Sr. Luna
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NAME ADDRESS CONTACT PERSON
B. Individual Producers
LA UNION
71 Elisia Pera Balaoan
72 Manzueto Bactad Luna
73 Diosdado Maquiling Balaoan
74 Ciriaco Soriano Luna
75 Estella Miranda Luna
76 Jaime Olarte Sto. Tomas
77 Milagros Supsup Bauang
78 Bernardo Supsup Bauang
PANGASINAN
79 Alfredo Mejia Sta. Barbara
80 Lito Lavarias San Carlos City
81 Erlinda Perez San Carlos City
82 Romeo Villanueva Mapandan
83 Pedro Meneses Mapandan
84 Andres Panimbatan Lingayen
85 Maria Villegas Laoac
86 Alfredo Patalud Laoac
87 Santiago Ventura Urdaneta City
88 Bernardo Montemayor Malasiqui
89 Roberto Patulao Laoac
90 Manuel Tumangcao Mapandan
91 Ernesto Pascual Asingan
92 Narciso Mabanta Sta. Barbara
93 Roberto Capua Sta. Barbara
94 Rudy Ramos Lingayen
95 Braulio C. Maneclang San Carlos City
96 Cresencia dela Cruz San Carlos City
97 Roger Caigas Alaminos City
98 Rodrigo Manuel Laoac
99 Angel Nemeses Mapandan
100 Romeo Marquez Manaoag
101 Rolly Luna Sta. Maria
102 Carlos Cachin Sta. Barbara
103 Robert Bugarin Malasiqui
104 Pablo Roquilan Malasiqui
105 Juan Zamora Urdaneta City
106 Erlinda Mariano Asingan
107 Gregorio Baybayan, Sr. Binalonan
108 Eustacio Mencias Villasis
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LIST OF TOMATO BUYERS/TRADERS
Name Address
1. Abraham Oliver Magsingal, Ilocos Sur
2. Rudy Duroni Bacarra, Ilocos Norte
3. Eleuterio S. Peros Cabugao, Ilocos Sur
4. Marcelino Tejano Bauang, La Union
5. Rolly Luna Sta. Maria, Pangasinan
6. Nestor Acosta Bacarra, Ilocos Norte
7. Lorenzo Geronimo Laoag City
8. Remegio Pascual Laoag City
Data Source: Market Survey of Tomato
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