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Sample Application

This document discusses using GIS and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to create a vulnerability map for an area in Istanbul, Turkey. It describes preparing analysis layers on building density, distance to power lines, fiber lines, and highways. The AHP plugin Easy AHP is used to calculate layer weights and generate the vulnerability map through weighted linear combination analysis. The analysis demonstrates combining AHP and weighted linear combination to perform vulnerability assessment in GIS.

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Mubashir Sheheryar
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29 views

Sample Application

This document discusses using GIS and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to create a vulnerability map for an area in Istanbul, Turkey. It describes preparing analysis layers on building density, distance to power lines, fiber lines, and highways. The AHP plugin Easy AHP is used to calculate layer weights and generate the vulnerability map through weighted linear combination analysis. The analysis demonstrates combining AHP and weighted linear combination to perform vulnerability assessment in GIS.

Uploaded by

Mubashir Sheheryar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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One of the fundamental concepts in the disaster management is vulnerability.

It refers to losses in the


face of any danger. Vulnerability is discussed in different views like economic, social and physical etc.
GIS-based disaster management studies mostly focus on mapping of physical losses that may occur.

There are different technics for making vulnerability maps for an area. In this field, AHP (Analytic
Hierarchy Process) appears as a rational method. I prefered AHP for making vulnerability map in my
M.Sc thesis.

Fundamentals of GIS-based AHP are comparing each of map layers and determining weight values. In
this way decision makers could choose suitable result by defining a hierarchy for complex problems.

Sample Application
In this application, vulnerability analysis was performed for an area in the district of Sarıyer, Istanbul.
Initially layer weights were calculated using AHP and vulnerability map generated by WLC (Weighted
Linear Combination) analysis. I have developed Easy AHP plugin for QGIS and all of the analysis process
were realized by using it. The analysis area and the map layers are shown below.

(Bina = Buildings; Elektrik Hattı = Power Lines; Fiber Hat = Telecom. Lines; Karayolu = Highway)
Preparing Analysis Layers (Parameters)
In AHP literature input layers are called as “parameters”. Fistly input parameters were generated from
map layers.

 Bina (polygon) > Bina yoğunluğu (Building density) (raster)

 Elektrik Hattı (line) > Elektrik Hattına Uzaklık (Distance to Power Lines) (raster)

 Fiber Hat (line) > Elektrik Hatta Uzaklık (Distance to Fiber Lines) (raster)

 Karayolu (line) > Karayoluna Uzaklık (Distance to Highway) (raster)

To generate building density you can produce centroids and run kernel density analysis. For generating
distance maps you can use proximity or multi-buffer tools. In this application main objects are AHP and
WLC analysis. So I dont mention much about preparing map layers (parameters). Also I recommend that
your map layers must be in same CRS. Otherwise yo can get incorrect resuts.
The generated parameters are raw so they could not used in WLC analysis after AHP. Because they are
defined in different units (building densitiy and distance). They must be classified and converted to same
units. I recommend r.reclass tool for this job. Distance to Fiber Lines, Distance to Power Lines, Distance
to Highway were classified as 25m, 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, >200m six classes. And Building Density
was classified as six classes in the face of building distrubution. These four parameters are shown below.
Easy AHP
After classification and generating parameters, we pass to next step for calculating parameter weights
using EasyAHP.
Start the plugin and click Next button after reading descriptions. In this step choose the analysis
parameters. Note that AHP analysis requires 3 parameters at least and not more than 15.
In the second step we fill the pairwise table. During comparion between parameters you can use 1 to 9
numbers. Greater numbers means more importance (Saaty, 1980). Also notice that cross cell are filled
automatically. After filling all the cells, click Calculate button for calculating AHP indicators. Note that CR
value must be less than 0,1. If not the pairwise table is considered as inconsistent (Saaty, 1980). The
sample pairwise table is shown below.
After calculating AHP indicators move to next step. Now we run WLC analysis using output layer weights
of the AHP for generating vulnerability map. In this step Easy AHP uses Processing Toolbox’s SAGA
Raster Calculator tool. Deafultly it installed by QGIS but make sure it runs without error. Click Browse
button for output location and Run the analysis. After finishing the process, result layer is added into
QGIS canvas.
In this application sample vulnerability map was generated using Easy AHP that combines AHP and WLC
complex analysis. The result maps are shown below.

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