BEE1133 Circuit Analysis

Chapter 2B
Methods of Analysis (DC Circuits)
by
Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah
Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
[email protected]

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 Chapter Description
Aims
This chapter is aimed to:
1. Explain the Mesh Analysis technique in solving problem related to electric
circuit

Expected Outcomes
Student should be able to
1. Identify the loop for circuit
2. Identify the supermesh in the circuit
3. Determine the equation of ohm’s law
4. Determine the KVL equation for each loop for solving the electric circuit
problem.

References
1. C. Alexander and M. Sadiku, “Fundamentals of Electric Circuits”, 4th ed.,
McGraw-Hill, 2008.
2. J. Nilsson and S. Riedel, “Electric Circuits”, 8th ed., Prentice Hall, 2008.

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 Basic Concept

5.1 Mesh Analysis

5.2 Mesh Analysis with current source: Supernode
5.3 Nodal versus mesh analysis

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 Mesh Analysis

 Mesh Analysis assigns UNKNOWN MESH

CURRENTS to all the meshes in the circuit
 Finds the UNKNOWN MESH CURRENTS by
performing KVL around all meshes.
 KVL: Summation of voltage in close loop equal to
zero
 We can find any BRANCH CURRENTS passing
through any element in the circuit after finding the
UNKNOWN MESH CURRENTS .

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NHA 4
Mesh Current and Branch Current

10 Ω 4Ω

+
5V 8Ω 4Ω 3A
-

Branch current Mesh current

Branches forming the outer most boundary of

the circuit will have its BRANCH CURRENT
the same as its MESH CURRENT
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5
 Remember!
Please understand on how to
write the equation of voltage, V
for each close loop

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General Step For Using Mesh Analysis

Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

Step 1
Assign loop for each Decide the number Apply KVL for each Calculate the mesh
meshes in clockwise of equation mesh in the circuit. current using
The circuit ONLY The main loop Cramer/Calculator
consist of R and voltage drops,
dependent source ADDED and the
voltage at the
adjacent loop,
No. of loop=no. of SUBTRACTED.
KVL
If the current
source exist at the
outer branch = No.
of KVL -1 , no need
to write the KVL
equation, since the
mesh current
already given.

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Reminder!
Finding the voltage

Current entering the resistor, the polarity setting is

always positive

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 Circuit with dependent source

1 dependent source =additional 1 constraint

equation

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 Circuit with current source

SUPERMESH
Current Source

the boundary between

two meshes.
On the
branch
the outer most
boundary of the circuit.

The mesh current = the branch

current

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SUPERMESH

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SUPERMESH

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 TIPS

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NHA BEE1113[CH3]: Method of Analysis 13
 BASIC STEP

10 Ω 4Ω

+
5V 8Ω 3A 4Ω 22Ω
Ix
-

Assume that we are trying to find the voltage

across and the current through all the elements

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 Step 1: Assign loop (clock wise)

10 Ω 4Ω

+
5V 8Ω 3A 4Ω 22Ω
Ix
-

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 Step 2: Decide no. of equation
10 Ω 4Ω

+
5V 8Ω 3A 4Ω 22Ω
Ix
-

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 Step 3: Decide no. of equation
 3 KVL Equations
 Loop 1
 Loop Supermesh(combine loop 2 and loop 3 )
 Loop 4

 1 Supermesh Equation

 1 Constraint Equation

Total = 5 Equations
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 Step 3: Deside no. of equation (cont)

 3 KVL equation
 Loop 1
-5 + 10I1 + 8(I1 – I2)=0
 Loop Supermesh(combine loop 2 and loop 3 )
8(I2 – I1) + 4 I2 + 4 (I3-I4)=0
 Loop 4
I4 = 2 I x
 1 Supermesh Equation
I3 – I2 = 3
 1 Constraint Equation
Ix = I1 – I2 Methods of Analysis by N.R.H. Abdullah
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 Step 4: Calculate the mesh currents

Solving the simultaneous equation by

applying Cramer's Rule or using
calculator

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BEE1113[CH3]: Method of Analysis 19
KVL at Loop 1 Supermesh Eq.
 5  10 I1  8I1  I 2   0 I3  I 2  3
I1 10  8  I 2 8  5
I1 18  I 2 8  5 Constraint Eq.
I x  I1  I 2
KVL at Supermesh
8I 2  I1   4 I 2  4I 3  I 4   0
I1  8  I 2 8  4   4 I 3  I 4  4   0
I1  8  I 2 12   4 I 3  I 4  4  0
At Loop 4
I 4  2I x
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Substitute (5) –(3) Rearrange Eq. (1), (6), (8)
I 4  2I1  I 2   18  8 0   I1   5 
 2  2  1  I    0 
2 I1  2 I 2  I 4  0   2   
 8 16  4  I 4   12
From 4 3
I3  3  I 2 I1   0.0789 A
38
Substitute (7) –(2) 17
I 2    0.4474 A
38
 8 I1  12 I 2  43  I 2   4 I 4  0 20
I4   1.053 A
 8 I1  12 I 2  12  4 I 2  4 I 4  0 19
 8 I1  16 I 2  4 I 4  12 I 3  3  I 2  3  0.4474  2.553 A

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 Answer

10 Ω 4Ω

+
5V 8Ω 3A 4Ω 22Ω
Ix
-

0.0789 A -0.4474= A 2.553 A 1.053 A

Additional Question (Discuss with friend)

1. Find the voltage at current source, Vy and Vz.

2. Determine the power deliver by ALL source.

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 Nodal VS Mesh

Compare the number of Nodal equations to the

number of Mesh equations required.

 Choose the less equation would be the

better choice.

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 Author Information

Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah (Ph. D)

Senior Lecturer
Email:
[email protected]
Google Scholar:
Nor Rul Hasma
Scopus ID :
35791718100

Methods of Analysis by N.R.H. Abdullah

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