A

VOCATIONA TRAINING PROJEC REPORT

ON

EHT DN. C.S.P.T.C.(Bhilai-3)

Chhattisgarh swami vivekanand technical university,bhilai-3

In partial fulfilment of requirement for the degree of
DIPLOMA ENGINEERING
IN

SESSION: 2019-20
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
B.R.P. Government Polytechnic ,Dhamtari (C.G.) -
493776
D E- 5th SEMESTER

Guided by Submitted by
MR. J L SAHU (AE 220 KV S/S BHILAI) Tarun kumar
MR. D M SAHU (AE 132 KV S/S BHILAI)
 DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE
I the undersigned solemnly declare that the project report VOCATIONA
TRAINING PROJECT REPORT is based on my own work carried out during
the course of our study under the supervision of
MR. J L SAHU (AE 220 KV S/S BHILAI)
MR. D M SAHU (AE 132 KV S/S BHILAI)
I assert the statements made and conclusions drawn are an outcome of
my research work. I further certify that
I. The work contained in the report is original and has been done by
me under the general supervision of my supervisor.
II. The work has not been submitted to any other Institution for any
other
III. degree/diploma/certificate in this university or any other University
of India or abroad.
IV. Whenever we have used materials (data, theoretical analysis, and text)
from other sources.
Name Tarun kumar
(Roll No. 205402417057)
( Enrollment No. BD8894)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Industrial training has an important role in an engineering student life
exposing them to real situations of how an industry works. It was a great
experience for me to worki on training at Chhattisgarh State Power
Transmission Company Limited through which I could learn how to work in
a professional environment. Now. I would like to express my sincere thanks
to the people who guided me and have been a source of inspiration
throughout the period of my summer training. I am sincerely grateful to
(Assistant Engineer) at CSPTCL, Bhilai who gave me this great opportunity
to undergo training at 220/ 132 KV Substation Bhilai through which. i I
am able to understand and grasp a deep knowledge of how a substation
works and about the various equipment's and instruments used in the
substation which made this i training actually possible. I wish my deep
sense of gratitude to Junior & Assistant Engineer's whose affectionate
guidance has enabled me to complete this training successfully. During the
period of 3 week of training at 220/132 KV Substation Bhilai undertaking
and a successor company of CSEB. Industrial training is an important of
engineering.
 Index

Tittle Page No.

ABSTRACT .................................................................................. 1
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 2
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM .............................................................. 3
COMPONENTS OF A SUBSTATION .................................................... 4
POWER TRANSFORMER ................................................................. 5
CURRENT TRANSFORMER ............................................................. 6
VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER ............................................................. 7
INSULATOR ............................................................................... 8
EARTHING SYSTEM....................................................................... 9
ISOLATION ................................................................................. 10
CIRCUIT BREAKER ....................................................................... 11
RELAY ...................................................................................... 12
WAVE TRAP OR LINE TRAP ........................................................... 13
CONCLUSION ............................................................................ 14
BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................... 15
 ABSTRACT
Industrial training is an important part of an engineering student life. A
well l planned, properly executed industrial training helps a lot in
developing ai professional attitude. It develops a problem saving approach
in industrial works, based on a board understanding of process and mode
of operation of organization. During the period of 3 week of training at
220/132 KV Substation Bhilai, most of the theoretical knowledge that has
been gained during thei course of studies is put to test. The great effort
have been put understand thei substations bus bar arrangement during this
training. The substations of Bhilail are divisions of CSPTCL, Bhilai, which is
ai Govt. of C.G. undertaking and a successor company of CSEB.

In the substation of Bhilai the incoming supply of 400 KV comes from

thei 11/400 KV generating substation of Korba, and different station. In
Khedamaral 400KV supply step-down to 220kV and transmit to 220/132KV
substation of Bhilai. We learned the process of how to connect 3-phase
cable to supply line and provide earth to it, also about the various
equipment.
 INTRODUCTION
A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission,
and distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or
the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Between
the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through
several substations at different voltage levels. A substation may
include transformers to change voltage levels between high transmission
voltages and lower distribution voltages, or at the interconnection of two
different transmission voltages.
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
 Components of a Substation
1. Power Transformer
2. Current Transformer
3. Voltage Transformer
4. Insulator
5. Earthing system
6. Isolation
7. Circuit breakers
8. Relay
9. Wave Trap or Line Trap
 Power Transformer
Transformer is a static machine, which transforms the potential of
alternating current at same frequency. It means the transformer transforms
the low voltage into high voltage & high voltage to low voltage at same
frequency. It works on the principle of static induction principle.
 Current Transformer
A current transformer (CT) is used for measurement of
alternating electric currents. When current in a circuit is too
high to apply directly to measuring instruments, a current
transformer produces a reduced current accurately proportional
to the current in the circuit, which can be conveniently
connected to measuring and recording instruments. A current
transformer isolates the measuring instruments from what may
be very high voltage in the monitored circuit.
 Voltage Transformer
Voltage transformers (VT) (also called potential transformers (PT)) are
a parallel connected type of instrument transformer, used for
metering and protection in high-voltage circuits or phasor phase shift
isolation. They are designed to present negligible load to the supply
being measured and to have an accurate voltage ratio to enable
accurate metering. A potential transformer may have several
secondary windings on the same core as a primary winding, for use
in different metering or protection circuits. The name plate of one of
the PT used is shown below.
 Insulator
An electrical insulator is a material whose internal electric charges do not
flow freely, and therefore make it very hard to conduct an electric
current under the influence of an electric field. The insulator serves two
purposes. They support the conductors (bus bar) and confine the current
to the conductors. The most common used material for the manufacture of
insulator is porcelain. There are several types of insulators and their use in
substation will depend upon the service requirement.
 Earthing system
LIGHTNING ARRESTORS
A lightning arrestor is a device used in power systems
and telecommunications systems to protect the insulation and conductors of
the system from the damaging effects of lightning. The typical lightning
arrester has a high-voltage terminal and a ground terminal. When a
lightning surge (or switching surge, which is very similar) travels along the
power line to the arrester, the current from the surge is diverted through
the arrestor, in most cases to earth.
 Isolation
ISOLATERS
In electrical engineering, a disconnector, disconnect switch or isolator
switch is used to ensure that an electrical circuit is completely de-
energized for service or maintenance. Such switches are often found
in electrical distribution and industrial applications, where machinery must
have its source of driving power removed for adjustment or repair. High-
voltage isolation switches are used in electrical substations to allow
isolation of apparatus such as circuit breakers, transformers, and
transmission lines, for maintenance. The disconnector is usually not
intended for normal control of the circuit, but only for safety isolation.
Disconnector can be operated either manually or automatically (motorized
disconnector).
 Circuit breakers
A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch
designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by
excess current from an overload or short circuit. Its basic function is
to interrupt current flow after a fault is detected.
 Relay
Relays are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or
electronically. Relays control one electrical circuit by opening and closing
contacts in another circuit. As relay diagrams show, when arelay contact is
normally open (NO), there is an open contact when the relay is not
energized.
 Wave Trap or Line Trap
Wave trap is connected in series with power line between the point of
connection of coupling capacitor and S/S. Wave trap offers negligible
impedance to HF carrier. Wave trap stands electromechanically and
thermally for short circuit current in the event of fault on the line. On the
basis of blocking frequency bank.
 CONCLUSION
Now from this report one can conclude that electricity plays an important
role in our life. At the end of the training, I came to know about the
various parts of substations and how they are operated. Also I learnt
about how transmission is done in various parts of Chhattisgarh.
As evident from the report, a substation plays a very important role in the
transmission system. That’s why various protective measures are taken to
protect the substations from various faults and its smooth functioning.
Chhattisgarh State Power Distribution Company Ltd. takes such steps so
that a uniform and stable supply of electricity can reach in every part of
this state.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Energy efficiency in electrical utilities, Guide book for National
certification examination for energy managers and energy auditors,
Bureau of energy efficiency, Ministry of Power, Govt. of India, 2003.
2. General aspect of energy management and energy audit, Guide book for
National certification examination for energy managers and energy
auditors, Bureau of energy efficiency, Ministry of Power, Govt. of India,
2003.
3. www.wikepedia.com
4. www.slideshare.com
5. www.electrical-installation.org
6. www.home-energy-metering.com
7. www.enspecpower.com
8. www.allaboutcircuits.com