AQUATHERM ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS PVT LTD.

,
COMPANY:
CIVIL DEPARTMENT

CLIENT:
PROJECT:
PREPARED BY: VRR DATE 08.08.2019 REV
VALIDATED BY: SS DATE 08.08.2019 REV
DOCUMENT NO: - DATE - REV
BLOCK FOUNDATION DESIGN

Input:
A.Static Load
i.Total Load of Fan = 74.10 kN
B.Excitation Force
i.Vertical Load (Pz) = 39.90 kN
ii.Horizontal load or Unbalanced force (Py)
= 0.00 kN
iii.Horizontal load or axial (Px)
= 0.00 kN
iv.Torsional Moment (Mz)
= 2.18 kNm
C.Height of shaft above F.F.L = 2.90 m
D.Maximum Top of concrete above F.F.L
= 2.34 m
E.Underside level of foundation below F.F.L
= 2.50 m
F.Permissible Bearing capacity of soil (Pb)
= 150.00 kN/m2
G.Coefficient of elastic uniform compression for vertical translation (Cu)
= 40000.00 kN/m3
(Please refer Table 3.3 of page 42 of Hand
book on Machine foundation)
H.Coefficient of elastic uniform shear for horizontal translatory mode (Cτ)
= 0.5Cu
= 20000.00 kN/m3
I.Coefficient of elastic non-uniform compression for rocking mode (Cθ)
= 2 Cu
= 80000.00 kN/m3
J.Coefficient of elastic non-uniform shear for yawning mode (Cψ)
= 0.75 Cu
= 30000.00 kN/m3
K.Operating frequency of the machine (fm)
= 616 Rpm
The natural frequency of the
foundation and machine = 492.8 & 739.2 Rpm
system shall not fall
between(20% away)
As per IS 2974
Circular operating freqency of machine - (ωm )
= 64.4746666667 sec-1
L.Permissible amplitude at top of fdn
= 40.00 micron
= 0.040 mm
As per Input or Handbook on Machine foundation
M.Height of Px above bottom of raft - (Hpx)
= 5.40 m
N.Height of fdn (H) = 4.84 m
 Raft

Block Block
Y
Fig 1(Orientation)

Fig 2 (Plan)
(TOC)

Block above F.F.L 2.34

(FFL)

Block below F.F.L 2.5

Raft

Fig 3 (Elevation)
Step 1:
Assume
Raft projection
Along X direction = 0.50 m
Along Y direction = 0.50 m

Raft thickness = 0.50 m

Step 2: Calculation of Centre of Gravity of Combined System & Moment of inertia of the
individual element
Loading points are named as A1, A2, A3, etc.,
Block above FFL are named as BL1, BL2, etc.,
Block below FFL are named as BU1, BU2, etc.,
Cantilever projection are named as PL1, PL2, etc.,
Bottom raft are named as R1, R2, etc.,

For calculation Please refer Table 1

In table 1
C.G of the element
Distance measured from any origin of the structure to centre of the element
refer Fig 4
 Raft

Block Block
C.G of block 1

C.G of block 1
Fig 4

i)Total Mass = 120.55 kN sec2/m

ii)Total Static Mass
Along Xi = 302.04 kN sec2
Along Yi = 214.24 kN sec2
Along Zi = 225.37 kN sec2

Combined C.G of the System(including Static load, Block, Raft)

Xm = 2.51 m
Ym = 1.78 m
Zm = 1.87 m

MI of element about the axis passing through C.G of element

Y axis = 127.29 kN.m.sec2
X axis = 106.93 kN.m.sec2
Z axis = 177.55 kN.m.sec2

Step 3: M.I due to distance between the own Centre of Gravity of the element to Combined
Centre of Gravity of the System
For calculation Please refer Table 2
M.I of the element w.r to the combined C.G of the system
Y axis = 344.26 kN.m.sec2
X axis = 211.46 kN.m.sec2
Z axis = 149.46 kN.m.sec2

Mass moment of inertia about axis passing through the centre of gravity & centre of
Step 4:
elasticity of base
 Mass moment of inertia about axis passing through the centre of gravity & centre of
Step 4:
elasticity of base
Mass moment of inertia about axis passing through the centre of gravity
Y axis (φY) = 471.55 kN.m.sec2
X axis (φx) = 318.39 kN.m.sec2
Z axis (φz) = 327.01 kN.m.sec2
 Mass moment of inertia about axis passing through the centre of elasticity of base

Distance between the C.G to the base of the system

S = 1.87 m

C.G

S= 1.87

Fig 5

Y axis (φoy) = 892.87 kN.m.sec2

X axis (φox) = 739.71 kN.m.sec2

Step 5: Calculation of Base properties & C.G of the Base

i)C.G of the Base

Table 3 (C.G of the Base)

Base Dimensions C.G of the Base Area moment
Area(A)
Lxi Lyi Xi Yi AXi AYi
Element
No (m) (m) (m2) (m) (m) (m )
3
(m3)
R1 5.70 4.00 22.80 2.85 2.00 64.98 45.6

TOTAL 22.80 64.98 45.60

i)Total Area = 22.80 m2

ii)Total Area Moment
Along Xi = 64.98 m3
Along Yi = 45.60 m3

Overall C.G of the base

Xc = 2.85 m
Yc = 2.00 m
ii)Second moment of area of base

(IXX) 〖��〗 ^3/12 +

X axis =
〖��〗 _(𝑦^2 )
 (IYY) 〖��〗 ^3/12 +
Y axis =
〖��〗 _(𝑥^2 )
Where
dx = Distance between the overall C.G of base to C.G of each block in Base
along x direction
dy = Distance between the overall C.G of base to C.G of each block in Base
along y direction

For R1 dx = Xc - Xi
= 0.00 m
dy = Yc - Yi
= 0.00 m
 For R2 dx = Xc - Xi
= 2.85 m
dy = Yc - Yi
= 2.00 m
Second moment of area
For R1 X axis (IXX) = 30.40 m4
Y axis (IYY) = 61.73 m4

For R2 X axis (IXX) = 0.00 m4

Y axis (IYY) = 0.00 m4

Total (IXX) = 30.40 m4

(IYY) = 61.73 m4
(IZZ) = 92.13 m4

Step 6: Eccentricity of Combined C.G with respect to Overall C.G of the Base
Eccentricity in X direction = 0.34
= #DIV/0! %

#DIV/0!

Eccentricity in Y direction = 0.22

= #DIV/0! %

#DIV/0!
Satisfies CL.5.4.2.2 of IS:2974(PART-1)

Step 7: Check for Soil stress (using static load only)

Soil stress (S) = �/�± 𝑀𝑥𝑥/𝐼𝑥𝑥 Y ±

𝑀𝑦𝑦/𝐼𝑦𝑦 X
Where
P is total load
A is base area
Mxx is moment due to static load about X axis
Myy is moment due to static load about Y axis
Ixx is Second moment of area about X axis
Iyy is Second moment of area about Y axis
X is C.G of base area along X axis
Y is C.G of base area along Y axis
P = 1182.60 kN
Mxx = P ey
= 263.49 kNm
Myy = P ex
= 407.37 kNm
A = 22.80 m2
IXX = 30.40 m4
IYY = 61.73 m4
X = 2.85 m
Y = 2.00 m
 Maximum soil sress (S max) = 88.01 kN/m2
Minimum soil stress (S min) = 15.73 kN/m2

SBC WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

Satisfies CL. 5.5.2 of IS:2974(PART-lV)

Step 8: Moment due to dynamic force

Moment caused by horizontal exciting force Py at C.G of foundation
Mx1 = Py (Hpx - S)
= 0.00 kN m
Moment caused by horizontal exciting force Px at C.G of foundation
My1 = Px (Hpx - S)
= 0.00 kN m
Moment caused by vertical exciting force (Pz) at C.G of foundation
Mx2 = Pz ey
= 8.89 kN m
My2 = Pz ex
= 13.74 kN m

*Mx1 and My1 directions are based on the orientation (refer Fig 6)
*Mx2 and My2 directions are based C.G of the combined system and C.G of the base(refer
Fig 7)
C.G of combined
system
Z

X C.G of the Base C.G of the Base

Y My1 (+)

Mx1

Fig 6 Fig 7

Total moment Mx = 8.89 kN m

My = 13.74 kN m
Step 9: Dynamic analysis

There are 6 modes to be checked for dynamic analysis (refer Fig 8)

Fig 8 (Six Degree of freedom)

Step 9(i): Vertical Translation

a)Frequency √((𝐶_𝑢
ωz (Circular frequency) = �_𝑓)/𝑚)

Where
Af is Base area
Cu is Coefficient of elastic uniform compression for vertical translation
m is mass of the system

Af = 22.80 m2
Cu = 40000.00 kN/m3
m = 120.55 kN sec2/m

ωz (Circular frequency) = 86.98 sec-1

= 831.01 Rpm
= 25.87 % variation

FREQUENCY AWAY FROM RESONANCE RANGE HENCE SAFE

b)Amplitude
αz = �_𝑧/(𝑚 〖 [ω 〗
_𝑧^ ² − ω_(𝑚^2 )
])
 �_𝑧/(𝑚 〖 [ω 〗
_𝑧^ ² − ω_(𝑚^2 )
])
Where
Pz is Vertical Excitation Force
m is mass of the system
ωz is Circular frequency of Vertical Translation
ωm is Circular operating freqency of machine
Pz = 39.90 kN
m = 120.55 kN sec2/m
ωz = 86.98 sec-1
ωm = 64.47 sec-1

αz = 0.000 mm

AMPLITUDE WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

Step 9(ii): Sliding(lateral mode) along X & Rocking about Y plane
a)Frequency
Factor αy = φ_𝑦/φ_𝑜𝑦

Where
φy is Mass moment of inertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of gravity

φoy is Mass moment of inertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of elasticity of base
φy = 471.55 kN.m.sec2
φoy = 892.87 kN.m.sec2

αy = 0.53
i)Angular frequency for lateral movement (or) sliding alone X
ω2X = (𝐶_τ
�_𝑓)/𝑚
Where
Cτ is Coefficient of elastic uniform shear for horizontal translatory mode
Af is Base area
m is mass of the system
Af = 22.80 m2
Cτ = 20000.00 kN/m3
m = 120.55 kN sec2/m

ω2X = 3782.65 sec-2

ii)Angular frequency for rocking mode in Y plane
ω2ϴy = (𝐶_𝜃 𝐼_𝑌 −𝑊𝑆)/ϕ_𝑜𝑦

Where
Cϴ is Coefficient of elastic non-uniform compression for rocking mode
Iy is Second moment of area about Y axis
W is total static load
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
φoy is Mass moment of inertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of elasticity of base
Cϴ = 80000.00 kN/m3
Iy = 61.73 m4
W = 1182.60 KN
S = 1.87 m
φoy = 892.87 kN.m.sec2

ω2ϴy = 5528.54 sec-2

iii)Limiting (combined) frequency for lateral movement (or) sliding alone X &
rocking mode in Y plane
( 〖 [ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦+ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ± √([ 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦 + 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ]
² −4α_𝑦 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ))/(2𝛼_𝑦 )
 ( 〖 [ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦+ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ± √([ 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦 + 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ]
ω2n1,2 = ² −4α_𝑦 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ))/(2𝛼_𝑦 )

Where
ω2ϴy is Angular frequency for rocking mode in Y plane
ω2X is Angular frequency for lateral movement (or) sliding alone X
αy is factor
ω2ϴy = 5528.54 sec-2
ω2X = 3782.65 sec-2
αy = 0.53
 Maximum ω n1
2
= 14988.56 sec-2
Minimum ω n2
2
= 2641.82 sec-2
iv)Natural frequency
ω2n1,2 is converted into natural frequenct (Rpm)
Maximum f1 = 1169.69 Rpm
= 47.34 % variation
FREQUENCY AWAY FROM RESONANCE RANGE HENCE SAFE

Minimum f2 = 491.07 Rpm

= 25.44 % variation
FREQUENCY AWAY FROM RESONANCE RANGE HENCE SAFE

b)Amplitude
Coefficient f(ω²m) = 〖𝑚 ϕ 〗 _𝑦 [ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛1 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
Where [ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛2 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
m is mass of the system
φy is Mass moment of inertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of gravity
ω2n1 is maximum Limiting frequency for lateral movement (or) sliding alone X
& rocking mode in Y plane
ω2n2 is minimum Limiting frequency for lateral movement (or) sliding alone X
& rocking mode in Y plane
ωm is Circular operating freqency of machine
m = 120.55 kN sec2/m
φy = 471.55 kN.m.sec2
ω2n1 = 14988.56 sec-2
ω2n2 = 2641.82 sec-2
ω2m = 4156.98 sec-2

Coefficient f(ω²m) = -9.33E+11

i)Horizontal (lateral or sliding) amplitude along X
αx = ([(𝐶_ϴ 𝐼_𝑌−𝑊𝑆+ 𝐶_τ �_𝑓 𝑆^2 − ϕ_𝑌 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚 )
�_𝑋+(𝐶_τ �_𝑓 〖𝑆𝑀〗 _𝑌 )])/( 〖𝑓 (ω² 〗 _𝑚))

Where
Cϴ is Coefficient of elastic non-uniform compression for rocking mode
Iy is Second moment of area about Y axis
W is total static load
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
Cτ is Coefficient of elastic uniform shear for horizontal translatory mode
Af is Base area
φy is Mass moment of inertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of gravity
ωm is Circular operating freqency of machine
Px is Horizontal load or axial
My is total moment due to dynamic load about Y axis
f(ω²m) is Coefficient
 Cϴ = 80000.00 kN/m3
Iy = 61.73 m4
W = 1182.60 kN
S = 1.87 m
Cτ = 20000.00 kN/m3
Af = 22.80 m2
φy = 471.55 kN.m.sec2
ωm = 64.47 sec-1
Px = 0.00 kN
My = 13.74 kNm
f(ω²m) = -9.33E+11

αx = -1.26E-05 mm
= 1.26E-05 mm

AMPLITUDE WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

ii)Rotational (rocking) amplitude along Y

αϴy = ([𝐶_τ �_𝑓 𝑆 �_𝑋])/( 〖
〖�(ω² 〗 _(𝑚 )))+
([𝐶_τ �_𝑓 − 〖𝑚 ω² 〗 _𝑚]𝑀_𝑌)/
( 〖𝑓 (ω² 〗 _𝑚))
Where
Cτ is Coefficient of elastic uniform shear for horizontal translatory mode
Af is Base area
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
Px is Horizontal load or axial
f(ω²m) is Coefficient
m is mass of the system
ωm is Circular operating freqency of machine
My is total moment due to dynamic load about Y axis
Cτ = 20000.00 kN/m3
Af = 22.80 m2
S = 1.87 m
Px = 0.00 kN
f(ω²m) = -9.33E+11
m = 120.55 kN sec2/m
ωm = 64.47 sec-1
My = 13.74 kNm

αϴy = 6.65E-07 radian

iii)Net(Combined) ampliitude at base level
= α_𝑋 −
Where 〖𝑆 α 〗 _ϴ𝑦
αx is Horizontal (lateral or sliding) amplitude along X
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
αϴy is Rotational (rocking) amplitude along Y
 αx = 1.26E-05 mm
S = 1.87 m
αϴy = 6.65E-07 radian
Net(Combined) ampliitude at base level
= -0.001 mm

AMPLITUDE WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

iv)Net(Combined) horizontal ampliitude ( along x axis ) at top of fdn

= α_𝑋 +
〖 (𝐻−𝑆)α 〗 _ϴ𝑦
Where
αx is Horizontal (lateral or sliding) amplitude along X
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
αϴy is Rotational (rocking) amplitude along Y
H is Height of fdn
αx = 1.26E-05 mm
S = 1.87 m
αϴy = 6.65E-07 radian
H = 4.84 m
Net(Combined) horizontal ampliitude ( along x axis ) at top of fdn
= 0.002 mm

AMPLITUDE WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

c)Check for Soil stress

*This is unaxial behaviour (only take Lateral mode (X) and Rocking about Y)
*In this we take both dynamic load and static load
Fatigue factor F = 3.00
As per C.L 2.1.3 of IS : 2974 ( PART I )
Horizontal dynamic force
Fd = 𝐹 𝐶_(τ ) �_(𝑓 )(α_𝑋 -
Where Sα_θ𝑦)
F is Fatigue factor
Cτ is Coefficient of elastic uniform shear for horizontal translatory mode
Af is Base area
α_𝑋 − is Net(Combined) ampliitude at base level
〖𝑆 α 〗 _ϴ𝑦
F = 3.00
Cτ = 20000.00 kN/m3
Af = 22.80 m2
α_𝑋 − = -0.001 mm
〖𝑆 α 〗 _ϴ𝑦
Horizontal dynamic force
Fd = -1.68 kN

𝐹𝐶_θ 𝐼_𝑌
α_θ𝑦
Dynamic moment MdY = 𝐹𝐶_θ 𝐼_𝑌
α_θ𝑦
Where
F is Fatigue factor
Cϴ is Coefficient of elastic non-uniform compression for rocking mode
Iy is Second moment of area about Y axis
αϴy is Rotational (lateral or sliding) amplitude along Y
F = 3.00
Cϴ = 80000.00 kN/m3
Iy = 61.73 m4
αϴy = 6.65E-07 radian
 Dynamic moment
MdY = 9.85 kN m

Soil stress S = �/�+ ((𝑀_𝑦𝑦

〖+
Where 𝑀 〗 _�𝑌))/𝐼_𝑌 X
P is total load
A is base area
Myy is moment due to static load about Y axis
MdY is dynamic moment
Iy is Second moment of area about Y axis
X is C.G of base area along X axis
P = 1182.60 kN
A = 22.80 m2
Myy = 407.37 kNm
MdY = 9.85 kNm
Iy = 61.73 m4
X = 2.85 m

Smax = 71.13 kN/m2

Smin = 32.61 kN/m2

SBC WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

Satisfies CL. 5.5.2 of IS:2974(PART-lV)

Step 9(iii):Sliding(longitudinal mode) along Y & Pitching about X plane

a)Frequency
Factor αx = φ_𝑥/φ_𝑜𝑥

Where
φx is Mass moment of inertia about X-axis passing through the centre of gravity
φox is Mass moment of inertia about X-axis passing through the centre of elasticity of base
φx = 318.39 kN.m.sec2
φox = 739.71 kN.m.sec2

αx = 0.4304314295
i)Angular frequency for longitudinal movement (or) sliding alone Y
ω2Y = (𝐶_τ
�_𝑓)/𝑚
Where
Cτ is Coefficient of elastic uniform shear for horizontal translatory mode
Af is Base area
m is mass of the system
Af = 22.80 m2
Cτ = 20000.00 kN/m3
m = 120.55 kN sec2/m

ω2Y = 3782.65 sec-2

 ii)Angular frequency for pitching mode in X plane
ω2ϴx = (𝐶_𝜃 𝐼_𝑋 −𝑊𝑆)/ϕ_𝑜𝑥

Where
Cϴ is Coefficient of elastic non-uniform compression for rocking mode
Ix is Second moment of area about X axis
W is total static load
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
φox is Mass moment of inertia about X-axis passing through the centre of elasticity of base
Cϴ = 80000.00 kN/m3
Ix = 30.40 m4
W = 1182.60 KN
S = 1.87 m
φox = 739.71 kN.m.sec2

ω2ϴx = 3284.79 sec-2

iii)Limiting (combined) frequency for longitudinal movement (or) sliding alone Y &
pitching mode in X plane
( 〖 [ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑥+ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑌 ± √([ 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑥 + 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑌 ]
ω2n1,2 = ² −4α_𝑥 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑥 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑌 ))/(2𝛼_𝑥 )

Where
ω2ϴx is Angular frequency for pitching mode in X plane
ω2Y is Angular frequency for longitudinal movement (or) sliding alone Y
αx is factor
ω2ϴx = 3284.79 sec-2
ω2y = 3782.65 sec-2
αx = 0.43

Maximum ω n1
2
= 14417.18 sec-2
Minimum ω n2
2
= 2002.26 sec-2
iv)Natural frequency
ω2n1,2 is converted into natural frequenct (Rpm)
Maximum f1 = 1147.18 Rpm
= 46.30 % variation
FREQUENCY AWAY FROM RESONANCE RANGE HENCE SAFE

Minimum f2 = 427.52 Rpm

= 44.09 % variation
FREQUENCY AWAY FROM RESONANCE RANGE HENCE SAFE

b)Amplitude
〖𝑚 ϕ 〗 _𝑥 [ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛1 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
[ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛2 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
 Coefficient f(ω²m) = 〖𝑚 ϕ 〗 _𝑥 [ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛1 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
Where [ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛2 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
m is mass of the system
φx is Mass moment of inertia about X-axis passing through the centre of gravity

ω2n1 is maximum Limiting (combined) frequency for longitudinal movement

(or) sliding alone Y & pitching mode in X plane
ω2n2 is minimum Limiting (combined) frequency for longitudinal movement
(or) sliding alone Y & pitching mode in X plane
ωm is Circular operating freqency of machine
 m = 120.55 kN sec2/m
φx = 318.39 kN.m.sec2
ω2n1 = 14417.18 sec-2
ω2n2 = 2002.26 sec-2
ω2m = 4156.98 sec-2

Coefficient f(ω²m) = -8.49E+11

i)Horizontal (longitudinal or sliding) amplitude along Y
αy = ([(𝐶_ϴ 𝐼_𝑋−𝑊𝑆+ 𝐶_τ �_𝑓 𝑆^2 − ϕ_𝑋 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚 )
�_𝑌+(𝐶_τ �_𝑓 〖𝑆𝑀〗 _𝑋 )])/( 〖𝑓 (ω² 〗 _𝑚))

Where
Cϴ is Coefficient of elastic non-uniform compression for rocking mode
Ix is Second moment of area about x axis
W is total static load
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
Cτ is Coefficient of elastic uniform shear for horizontal translatory mode
Af is Base area
φx is Mass moment of inertia about X-axis passing through the centre of gravity
ωm is Circular operating freqency of machine
PY is Horizontal load or Unbalanced force
Mx is total moment due to dynamic load about X axis
f(ω²m) is Coefficient
Cϴ = 80000.00 kN/m3
IX = 30.40 m4
W = 1182.60 kN
S = 1.87 m
Cτ = 20000.00 kN/m3
Af = 22.80 m2
φX = 318.39 kN.m.sec2
ωm = 64.47 sec-1
PY = 0.00 kN
MX = 8.89 kNm
f(ω²m) = -8.49E+11

αy = -8.93E-06 mm
= 8.93E-06 mm

AMPLITUDE WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

ii)Rotational (pitching) amplitude along X

 αϴx = ([𝐶_τ �_𝑓 𝑆 �_𝑌])/( 〖
〖�(ω² 〗 _(𝑚 )))+
([𝐶_τ �_𝑓 − 〖𝑚 ω² 〗 _𝑚]𝑀_𝑋)/
( 〖𝑓 (ω² 〗 _𝑚))
Where
Cτ is Coefficient of elastic uniform shear for horizontal translatory mode
Af is Base area
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
PY is Horizontal load or Unbalanced force
f(ω²m) is Coefficient
m is mass of the system
ωm is Circular operating freqency of machine
Mx is total moment due to dynamic load about X axis
 Cτ = 20000.00 kN/m3
Af = 22.80 m2
S = 1.87 m
PY = 0.00 kN
f(ω²m) = -8.49E+11
m = 120.55 kN sec2/m
ωm = 64.47 sec-1
MX = 8.89 kNm

αϴx = 4.73E-07 radian

iii)Net(Combined) ampliitude at base level
= α_𝑌 −
Where 〖𝑆 α 〗 _ϴ𝑥
αy is Horizontal (longitudinal or sliding) amplitude along Y
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
αϴx is Rotational (pitching) amplitude along X
αy = 8.93E-06 mm
S = 1.87 m
αϴx = 4.73E-07 radian
Net(Combined) ampliitude at base level
= -0.001 mm

AMPLITUDE WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

iv)Net(Combined) horizontal ampliitude ( along y axis ) at top of fdn

= α_𝑌 +
Where 〖 (𝐻−𝑆)α 〗 _ϴ𝑥
αy is Horizontal (longitudinal or sliding) amplitude along Y
S is Distance between the C.G to the base of the system
αϴx is Rotational (pitching) amplitude along X
H is Height of fdn
αy = 8.93E-06 mm
S = 1.87 m
αϴx = 4.73E-07 radian
H = 4.84 m
Net(Combined) horizontal ampliitude ( along x axis ) at top of fdn
= 0.001 mm

AMPLITUDE WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

c)Check for Soil stress

*This is unaxial behaviour (only take Longitudinal mode (Y) and Pitching about X)
 *In this we take both dynamic load and static load
Fatigue factor F = 3.00
As per C.L 2.1.3 of IS : 2974 ( PART I )
Horizontal dynamic force
Fd = 𝐹 𝐶_(τ ) �_(𝑓 )(α_𝑌 -
Sα_θ𝑥)
 𝐹 𝐶_(τ ) �_(𝑓 )(α_𝑌 -
Sα_θ𝑥)
Where
F is Fatigue factor
Cτ is Coefficient of elastic uniform shear for horizontal translatory mode
Af is Base area
α_𝑌 − is Net(Combined) ampliitude at base level
〖𝑆 α 〗 _ϴ𝑥F = 3.00
Cτ = 20000.00 kN/m3
Af = 22.80 m2
α_𝑌 − = -0.001 mm
〖𝑆 α 〗 _ϴ𝑥
Horizontal dynamic force
Fd = -1.20 kN

Dynamic moment MdY = 𝐹𝐶_θ 𝐼_𝑋

α_θ𝑥
Where
F is Fatigue factor
Cϴ is Coefficient of elastic non-uniform compression for rocking mode
Ix is Second moment of area about X axis
αϴx is Rotational (pitching) amplitude along X
F = 3.00
Cϴ = 80000.00 kN/m3
Ix = 30.40 m4
αϴx = 4.73E-07 radian
Dynamic moment
Mdx = 3.45 kN m

Soil stress S = �/�+ ((𝑀_𝑥𝑥

〖+
Where 𝑀 〗 _�𝑥))/𝐼_𝑋 Y
P is total load
A is base area
Mxx is moment due to static load about X axis
Mdx is dynamic moment
Ix is Second moment of area about X axis
Z is C.G of base area along Z axis
P = 1182.60 kN
A = 22.80 m2
Myy = 263.49 kNm
MdY = 3.45 kNm
Iy = 30.40 m4
Y = 2.00 m
 Smax = 69.43 kN/m2
Smin = 34.31 kN/m2

SBC WITHIN THE LIMIT HENCE SAFE

Satisfies CL. 5.5.2 of IS:2974(PART-lV)
Step 9(iv):Twisting about Z
a)Frequency √((𝐶_ψ
ωΨ (Circular frequency) = 𝐼_𝑍)/ϕ_𝑍
)
Where
Cψ is Coefficient of elastic non-uniform shear for yawning mode
Iz is Second moment of area about Z axis
φz is Mass moment of inertia about Z-axis passing through the centre of gravity

Cψ = 30000.00 kN/m3
Iz = 92.13 m4
φz = 327.01 kN.m.sec2

ωΨ(Circular frequency) = 91.93 sec-1

= 878.36 Rpm
= 29.87 % variation

FREQUENCY AWAY FROM RESONANCE RANGE HENCE SAFE

b)Amplitude
i)Rotational amplitude
αΨ = 1/(( 〖 ω² 〗 _Ψ −
〖 ω² 〗 _𝑧)) 𝑀_𝑧 φ_𝑧
Where
ωΨ Circular frequency of twisting moment
ωz is Circular frequency of Vertical Translation
Mz is Torsional exciting force
φz is Mass moment of inertia about Z-axis passing through the centre of gravity
ωΨ = 91.93 sec-1
ωz = 86.98 sec-1
Mz = 2.18 kNm
φz = 327.01 kN.m.sec2

αΨ = 0.80 mm

AMPLITUDE EXCEED THE LIMIT HENCE REDESIGN

ii)Maximum Rotational amplitude

= α_Ψ (𝑎 − 𝑋_𝑀)

Where
αΨ is Rotational amplitude of twisting moment
 a is span of the block
XM is C.G of the Combined system
αΨ = 0.80 mm
a = 5.70 m
XM = 2.51 m

Maximum Rotational amplitude = 2563.49 mm

AMPLITUDE EXCEED THE LIMIT HENCE REDESIGN

Step 10: Reinforcement

As per IS:2974(Part-iv)-1979 Clause No.7.6, the minimum reinforcement in a concrete

block shall be 25kg per cubic meter .As per Clause.5.4.5.2, of IS:2974(part-1)-1982
reinforcing bar shall be placed both vertically and horizontally near all the faces of the
foundation block.

Total concrete volume

= 44.34 m3
Required total weight of the steel for Above volume of concrete
= 1108.50 kG
ERM ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS PVT LTD.,
CIVIL DEPARTMENT

00
00
-
K FOUNDATION DESIGN
As per Input or Handbook on Machine foundation
 Z

Fig 1(Orientation)

m
ween the overall C.G of base to C.G of each block in Base

ween the overall C.G of base to C.G of each block in Base

 C.G of combined
system

C.G of the Base

(-)
nertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of gravity

nertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of elasticity of base

nertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of elasticity of base

( 〖 [ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦+ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ± √([ 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦 + 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ]

² −4α_𝑦 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ))/(2𝛼_𝑦 )
( 〖 [ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦+ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ± √([ 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦 + 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ]
² −4α_𝑦 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑦 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑋 ))/(2𝛼_𝑦 )
 〖𝑚 ϕ 〗 _𝑦 [ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛1 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
[ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛2 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]

nertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of gravity

([(𝐶_ϴ 𝐼_𝑌−𝑊𝑆+ 𝐶_τ �_𝑓 𝑆^2 − ϕ_𝑌 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚 )

�_𝑋+(𝐶_τ �_𝑓 〖𝑆𝑀〗 _𝑌 )])/( 〖𝑓 (ω² 〗 _𝑚))

nertia about Y-axis passing through the centre of gravity

nertia about X-axis passing through the centre of gravity
nertia about X-axis passing through the centre of elasticity of base
nertia about X-axis passing through the centre of elasticity of base

( 〖 [ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑥+ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑌 ± √([ 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑥 + 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑌 ]

² −4α_𝑥 〖 ω² 〗 _ϴ𝑥 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑌 ))/(2𝛼_𝑥 )

〖𝑚 ϕ 〗 _𝑥 [ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛1 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
[ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛2 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
 〖𝑚 ϕ 〗 _𝑥 [ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛1 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]
[ 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑛2 − 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚]

nertia about X-axis passing through the centre of gravity

 ([(𝐶_ϴ 𝐼_𝑋−𝑊𝑆+ 𝐶_τ �_𝑓 𝑆^2 − ϕ_𝑋 〖 ω² 〗 _𝑚 )
�_𝑌+(𝐶_τ �_𝑓 〖𝑆𝑀〗 _𝑋 )])/( 〖𝑓 (ω² 〗 _𝑚))

nertia about X-axis passing through the centre of gravity

our (only take Longitudinal mode (Y) and Pitching about X)
nertia about Z-axis passing through the centre of gravity

nertia about Z-axis passing through the centre of gravity

 BLOCK FOUNDATION (Cont.)
TABLE 1 (Calculation of Centre of Gravity of Combined System & Moment of inertia of the

Dimension of element Static Co ordinates of C.G of element Static moment of mass

Element Mass(m)
Lxi Lyi Lzi Load(w) Xi Yi Zi
Name mXi mYi
(m) (m) (m) (kN) (kN sec2/m) (m) (m) (m)
For Loading Point
A1 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.700 0.377 0.791 2.025 4.890 0.298 0.764
A2 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.700 0.377 0.791 1.575 4.890 0.298 0.594

B1 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 2.786 2.925 3.100 1.221 1.282
B2 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 2.786 2.475 3.100 1.221 1.085
B3 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 2.786 1.125 3.100 1.221 0.493
B4 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 2.786 0.675 3.100 1.221 0.296
B5 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 1.778 2.925 3.100 0.779 1.282
B6 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 1.778 2.475 3.100 0.779 1.085
B7 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 1.778 2.025 3.100 0.779 0.888
B8 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 1.778 1.575 3.100 0.779 0.690
B9 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 1.778 1.125 3.100 0.779 0.493
B10 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.300 0.438 1.778 0.675 3.100 0.779 0.296

C1 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.200 0.326 3.221 2.025 4.890 1.051 0.661
C2 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.200 0.326 3.221 1.575 4.890 1.051 0.514

D1 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.550 0.260 4.667 2.100 4.813 1.213 0.546
D2 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.550 0.260 4.317 2.100 4.813 1.122 0.546
D3 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.550 0.260 3.967 2.100 4.813 1.031 0.546
D4 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.550 0.260 4.667 1.500 4.813 1.213 0.390
D5 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.550 0.260 4.317 1.500 4.813 1.122 0.390
 Dimension of element Static Co ordinates of C.G of element Static moment of mass
Element Mass(m)
Lxi Lyi Lzi Load(w) Xi Yi Zi
Name mXi mYi
D6 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.550 0.260 3.967 1.500 4.813 1.031 0.390

E1 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.102 0.881 0.830 4.890 0.090 0.085
E2 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.102 0.631 0.830 4.890 0.064 0.085

For Block Above FFL

BL1 0.800 2.100 2.340 98.280 10.018 0.700 1.350 3.670 7.013 13.525
BL2 2.051 3.000 0.550 84.604 8.624 2.125 1.800 2.775 18.327 15.524
BL3 0.325 1.200 2.340 22.815 2.326 3.313 1.800 3.670 7.705 4.186
BL4 1.524 1.200 2.263 103.464 10.547 4.238 1.800 3.631 44.697 18.984
BL5 0.225 1.200 1.740 11.745 1.197 3.038 1.800 3.970 3.637 2.155

For Block Below FFL

BU1 0.800 2.100 2.000 84.000 8.563 0.700 1.350 1.500 5.994 11.560
BU2 2.051 3.000 2.000 307.650 31.361 2.125 1.800 1.500 66.642 56.450
BU3 1.849 1.200 2.000 110.940 11.309 4.075 1.800 1.500 46.084 20.356

For Raft
R1 5.700 4.000 0.500 285.000 29.052 2.850 2.000 0.250 82.798 58.104

TOTAL 2.1255 1108.50 120.55 302.04 214.24

 ent of inertia of the individual element)

MI of element about the axis passing through C.G of

moment of mass
element
mZi m(Lxi +Lzi )/12
2 2
m(Lyi2+Lzi2)/12 m(Lyi2+Lxi2)/12

1.844 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.844 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.359 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.595 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.595 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.251 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.251 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.251 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.251 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.251 0.000 0.000 0.000
 MI of element about the axis passing through C.G of
moment of mass
element
mZi m(Lxi +Lzi )/12
2 2
m(Lyi2+Lzi2)/12 m(Lyi2+Lxi2)/12
1.251 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.498 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.498 0.000 0.000 0.000

36.767 5.106 8.253 4.216

23.932 3.241 6.686 9.491
8.535 1.082 1.340 0.300
38.296 6.542 5.767 3.307
4.753 0.307 0.446 0.149

12.844 3.311 6.001 3.603

47.041 21.447 33.974 34.514
16.963 6.992 5.127 4.579

7.263 79.264 39.341 117.394

225.37 127.29 106.93 177.55

 BLOCK FOUNDATION (Cont.)

TABLE 2 (M.I due to distance between the own Centre of Gravity of the element to Combined Centre of Gravity of the System)

Element Distance from Own C.G to Combined C.G M.I of the element w.r to the combined C.G of the system
Name
Xo = (Xm-Xi) Yo = (Ym-Yi) Zo = (Zm-Zi) m(Xo2 +Zo2) m(Yo2 +Zo2) m(Xo2 +Yo2)
For Loading Point
A1 1.71 -0.25 -3.02 4.55 3.46 1.13
A2 1.71 0.20 -3.02 4.55 3.46 1.12

B1 -0.28 -1.15 -1.23 0.70 1.24 0.61

B2 -0.28 -0.70 -1.23 0.70 0.88 0.25
B3 -0.28 0.65 -1.23 0.70 0.85 0.22
B4 -0.28 1.10 -1.23 0.70 1.20 0.57
B5 0.73 -1.15 -1.23 0.90 1.24 0.81
B6 0.73 -0.70 -1.23 0.90 0.88 0.45
B7 0.73 -0.25 -1.23 0.90 0.69 0.26
B8 0.73 0.20 -1.23 0.90 0.68 0.25
B9 0.73 0.65 -1.23 0.90 0.85 0.42
B10 0.73 1.10 -1.23 0.90 1.20 0.76

C1 -0.72 -0.25 -3.02 3.14 3.00 0.19

C2 -0.72 0.20 -3.02 3.14 2.99 0.18

D1 -2.16 -0.32 -2.94 3.47 2.28 1.24

D2 -1.81 -0.32 -2.94 3.11 2.28 0.88
D3 -1.46 -0.32 -2.94 2.81 2.28 0.58
D4 -2.16 0.28 -2.94 3.47 2.27 1.23
D5 -1.81 0.28 -2.94 3.11 2.27 0.87
D6 -1.46 0.28 -2.94 2.81 2.27 0.58

E1 1.62 0.95 -3.02 1.20 1.02 0.36

E2 1.87 0.95 -3.02 1.29 1.02 0.45

For Block Above FFL

BL1 1.81 0.43 -1.80 65.14 34.31 34.49
BL2 0.38 -0.02 -0.91 8.32 7.08 1.25
BL3 -0.81 -0.02 -1.80 9.06 7.54 1.52
BL4 -1.73 -0.02 -1.76 64.38 32.73 31.66
BL5 -0.53 -0.02 -2.10 5.62 5.28 0.34

For Block Below FFL

BU1 1.81 0.43 0.37 29.08 2.73 29.48
BU2 0.38 -0.02 0.37 8.82 4.30 4.56
BU3 -1.57 -0.02 0.37 29.40 1.55 27.86

For Raft
R1 -0.34 -0.22 1.62 79.64 77.64 4.89

TOTAL 344.26 211.46 149.46