1 Cylindrical Hole in An Infinite Mohr-Coulomb Material: Verification Problems
1 Cylindrical Hole in An Infinite Mohr-Coulomb Material: Verification Problems
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLES
Table 2.1 Input parameters for analytical Hoek solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Table 7.1 Drained case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
Table 7.2 Undrained case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
Table 10.1 Normalized vertical displacement at midpoint of free edge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 7
Table 10.2 Normalized vertical displacement at midpoint of free edge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 7
Table 10.3 Normalized transverse moment at the midpoint of C-C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 7
Table 10.4 Normalized transverse moment at the midpoint of C-C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 8
Table 10.5 Normalized twisting moment at point A of section A-A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 8
Table 10.6 Normalized twisting moment at point A of section A-A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 8
FIGURES
Figure 1.1 Domain for FLAC 3D simulation — quarter symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Figure 1.2 Boundary conditions for FLAC 3D analysis — quarter symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Figure 1.3 FLAC 3D grid — quarter symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Figure 1.4 Stress solution comparison — associated
(analytical values = lines; numerical values = crosses) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Figure 1.5 Stress solution comparison — non-associated
(analytical values = lines; numerical values = crosses) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Figure 1.6 Radial displacement solution comparison — associated
(analytical values = lines; numerical values = crosses) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Figure 1.7 Radial displacement solution comparison — non-associated
(analytical values = lines; numerical values = crosses) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Figure 1.8 FLAC 3D displacement contours and displacement vectors — associated . . . . 1-8
Figure 2.1 FLAC 3D zone geometry for the plane-strain model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Figure 2.2 Comparison of σr and σθ for the cylindrical hole in infinite Hoek-Brown
medium (along normalized path 1 < r/ radius tunnel < 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Figure 2.3 Comparison of ur for the cylindrical hole in an infinite Hoek-Brown medium
(along the normalized path 1 < r/ radius tunnel < 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Figure 2.4 Hoek-Brown failure envelope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Figure 2.5 Plasticity indicators for Hoek-Brown model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Figure 3.1 Prandtl mechanism for a strip footing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Figure 3.2 Domain for FLAC 3D simulation — half symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Figure 3.3 Boundary conditions for FLAC 3D analysis — half symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Figure 3.4 FLAC 3D grid — plane view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Figure 3.5 Load-displacement curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Figure 3.6 Velocity field at collapse load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Figure 4.1 Cox slip-line net for a smooth circular footing φ = 20◦ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Figure 4.2 Domain for FLAC 3D simulation — quarter symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Figure 4.3 Boundary conditions for FLAC 3D analysis — quarter symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Figure 4.4 FLAC 3D grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Figure 4.5 Load-displacement curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Figure 4.6 Velocity field at collapse load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Figure 5.1 Domain for FLAC 3D simulation — quarter symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Figure 5.2 Boundary conditions for FLAC 3D analysis — quarter symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Figure 5.3 FLAC 3D grid — quarter symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Figure 5.4 Load-displacement curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Figure 5.5 FLAC 3D contour plot of the velocity field and velocity vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Figure 6.1 Problem geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Figure 6.2 FLAC 3D grid — uniaxial compressive strength test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Figure 6.3 Compressive strength comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Figure 8.20 Interface normal contact stress versus angle (computed and analytical values,
no slip) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 - 16
Figure 8.21 Interface shear contact stress versus angle (computed and analytical values, no
slip) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 - 17
Figure 8.22 Radial and tangential support displacements versus angle (computed and an-
alytical values, full slip) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 - 17
Figure 8.23 Axial thrust versus angle (computed and analytical values, full slip) . . . . . . . 8 - 18
Figure 8.24 Bending moment versus angle (computed and analytical values, full slip) . . 8 - 18
Figure 8.25 Interface normal contact stress versus angle (computed and analytical values,
full slip) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 - 19
Figure 9.1 Bending moment distribution in a statically indeterminate continuous beam 9-1
Figure 9.2 Bending moment and shear force distribution after plastic hinge has developed
at point A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Figure 9.3 FLAC 3D model of the beam in Figure 9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
Figure 9.4 Distribution of bending moments before failure for double-node approach (w
= 5.8 MN/m; file beam res 7.sav) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8
Figure 9.5 Distribution of shear forces before failure for double-node approach (w = 5.8
MN/m; file beam res 7.sav) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
Figure 9.6 Magnified beam geometry and displacement vectors for limiting plastic mo-
ment approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
Figure 10.1 Cylindrical concrete vault supported by two rigid diaphragms . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 1
Figure 10.2 Analytical result for (a) vertical displacement along central section C −C , and
(b) longitudinal displacement along support section A − A (Zienkiewicz
and Taylor, 1991) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 3
Figure 10.3 Analytical result for transverse and longitudinal moments along central section
C − C (Zienkiewicz and Taylor, 1991) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 3
Figure 10.4 Analytical result for twisting moment along the support section
A − A (Zienkiewicz and Taylor, 1991) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 4
Figure 10.5 Example of 2 × 2 meshes with (a) crosshatch and (b) cross-diagonal mesh
patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 4
Figure 10.6 Vertical displacement along central section C − C for 8 × 8 mesh . . . . . . . . 10 - 9
Figure 10.7 Longitudinal displacement along support section A − A for 8 × 8 mesh . . . 10 - 9
Figure 10.8 Transverse moment along central section C − C for 8 × 8 mesh . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 10
Figure 10.9 Longitudinal moment along central section C − C for 8 × 8 mesh . . . . . . . . 10 - 10
Figure 10.10 Twisting moment along the support section A − A for 8 × 8 mesh . . . . . . . . 10 - 11
EXAMPLES
Example 1.1 SAL.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Example 1.2 SALE.PRO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 10
Example 2.1 “HOEKHOLE.DAT” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Example 2.2 “HB SOLUTION.FIS” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 11
Example 3.1 PRANDTL.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Example 4.1 COX.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Example 5.1 SSLAB.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Example 6.1 TRIAX.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Example 7.1 CAM1.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 - 15
Example 7.2 CAM2.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 - 18
Example 8.1 LINER.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 - 19
Example 8.2 COMPARE.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 - 22
Example 9.1 BEAM PM.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 - 11
Example 9.2 BEAM DN.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 - 13
Example 10.1 MASTER.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 12
Example 10.2 BARREL.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 13
Example 10.3 BARREL.FIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 14
Example 10.4 RESULTS.DAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 16
Example 10.5 RESULTS.FIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 - 18