Department of Civil Engineering: 2015-2016 Hydraulics and Hydraulic Machinery Course File
Department of Civil Engineering: 2015-2016 Hydraulics and Hydraulic Machinery Course File
2015-2016
HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
COURSE FILE
(Subject Code: A40111)
II Year B.TECH. (CIVIL ENGINEERING) II Semester
2
INDEX
Page
1. Introduction & Pre-requisites 4
2. Syllabus 4
3. Vision of the Department 6
4. Mission of the Department. 6
5. Program Educational Objects 6
6.Program outcomes 7
7. Course objectives and outcomes 7
8. Course outcomes 8
9. Instructional Learning 8
10. Course mapping with PEOs and POs 9
11. Class Time Table 10
12. Individual Time Table 11
13a. Unit wise Summary 12
13b. Micro Plan with dates and closure report 13
14. Detailed notes 17
15. University Question papers of previous years 120
16. Question Bank 124
17. Assignment topics 126
18. Unit wise Quiz Questions 126
19. Tutorial problems 130
20. Known gaps if any 131
21. References, Journals, websites and E-links 131
22. Quality Control Sheets 132
23. Student List 132
24. Group-Wise students list for discussion topics 135
3
1. Introduction to the subject
This course is intended to introduce basic principles of fluid mechanics. It is further extended to
cover the application of fluid mechanics by the inclusion of fluid machinery especially water
turbine and water pumps. Now days the principles of fluid mechanics find wide applications in
many situations directly or indirectly. The use of fluid machinery, turbines pumps in general and
in power stations in getting as accelerated fill up. Thus there is a great relevance for this course for
mechanical technicians. The Mechanical technicians have to deal with large variety of fluids like
water, air, steam, ammonia and even plastics. The major emphasis is given for the study of water.
However the principle dealt with in this course will be applicable to all incompressible fluids.
Pre-requisites
1. Statics and dynamics
2. Mathematics of the motion of particles and rigid bodies and the relation of force and motion of
particles
3. Fundamental concepts and laws of mechanics including equilibrium and Newton’s laws of motion
4. Differential calculus
5. Basic system of units
2. Syllabus
Unit
Sl.No Topic
No
Non uniform flow- Dynamic equation for G.V.F, mild, critical, steep,
horizontal and adverse slopes.
Surface profiles, direct step method, Rapidly varied flow, hydraulic jump, Energy
dissipation.
4
Hydrodynamic forces on jets: hydrodynamic force of jets on stationary and
3 3 moving flat , inclined and curved vanes, jet striking centrally and at tip,
velocity triangles at inlet and outlet.
Velocity diagram, work done and efficiency, hydraulic design, draft tube-
theory and function efficiency.
Governing of turbines, surge tank, unit and specific turbines, unit speed, unit
quantity, unit power.
Text books:
1. Fluid Mechanics, Hydraulic and hydraulic machines by Modi and Seth, Standard book house.
4. Fluid Mechanics by A.K. Mohanty, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
5. A text of Fluid mechanics and hydraulic machines by Dr. R.K. Bansal - Laxmi Pub.(P) ltd., New Delhi.
Websites:-
1. http://jntuhupdates.net/jntuh-b-tech-2-2-semester-r13-syllabus-book/
2. NPTEL Resources
3. www.ieeefmhm.org/
Journals:-
6
1. Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and Civil Engineering
principles to the solution of complex problems in Civil Engineering.
2. Identify, formulate, research literature, and analyse complex Civil Engineering problems reaching
substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics and engineering sciences.
3. Design solutions for complex Civil Engineering problems and design system components or processes
that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the
cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
4. Use research-based knowledge and research methods including design of experiments, analysis and
interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions related to Civil
Engineering problems.
5. Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering tools such as CAD,
FEM and GIS including prediction and modelling to complex Civil Engineering activities with an
understanding of the limitations.
6. Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and
cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional Civil Engineering
practice.
7. Understand the impact of the professional Civil Engineering solutions in societal and environmental
contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
8. Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the Civil
Engineering practice.
9. Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams, and in
multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communicate effectively on complex Civil Engineering activities with the engineering community and
with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design
documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
11. Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering and management principles and apply
these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage Civil Engineering projects and
in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Recognise the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in independent and life-long
learning in the broadest context of technological change.
7. Course objectives
Students who successfully complete this course will have demonstrated ability to:
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10. To introduce the flow measuring devices and velocity measuring devices.
8. Course Outcomes
1. Knowledge of basic principles of fluid mechanics
2. Know the definitions of fundamental concepts of fluid mechanics including: continuum,
velocity field; viscosity, surface tension and pressure (absolute and gage); flow visualization using
timelines, pathlines, streaklines, and streamlines; flow regimes: laminar, turbulent and transitional
flows; compressibility and incompressibility; viscous and inviscid.
3. Apply the basic equation of fluid statics to determine forces on planar and curved surfaces that
are submerged in a static fluid; to manometers; to the determination of buoyancy and stability; and
to fluids in rigid-body motion.
4. Ability to analyze fluid flow problems with the application of the momentum and energy
equations
5. Use of conservation laws in differential forms and apply them to determine velocities,
pressures and acceleration in a moving fluid. Understand the kinematics of fluid particles.
6. Use Euler’s and Bernoulli’s equations and the conservation of mass to determine velocities,
pressures, and accelerations for incompressible and inviscid fluids.
7. Understand the concepts of rotational vs. irrotational flows; stream functions, velocity
potentials.
8. Understand the physical processes which govern the behavior of fluids at rest and in motion
9. Confidently pose and solve problems in engineering fluid mechanics
9. Instructional learning
A mixture of lectures, tutorial exercises, and case studies are used to deliver the various topics. Some
of these topics are covered in a problem-based format to enhance learning objectives. Others will be
covered through directed study in order to enhance the students’ ability of “learning to learn.” Some
case studies are used to integrate these topics and thereby demonstrate to students how the various
techniques are inter-related and how they can be applied to real problems in an industry.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Program A X X X X X X X X
Educational
B X X X X X X X X X
Objectives
(PEO) C X X X X X X X
D X X X X X X X
E X X X X X X
8
F X X
Section- II A and II B
Monday HHM
Tuesday HHM
Wednesday HHM
Thursday HHM
Friday
Saturday
9
13. Unit wise Summary
54
10
6 Applications to radial floe turbines. Regular BB
Regular BB/OHP
Specific speed performance characteristics,
geometric similarity, cavitation.
Reg/ Teaching
Sl. Unit Date (No. Topic to be covered in One aids used Rem
Additio
No No. of Periods) Lecture LCD/OHP arks
nal /BB
12 01 Test Regular BB
12
22 01 Test Regular BB
32 01 Test Regular BB
Regular OHP,BB
Velocity diagram, work done and
35 01
efficiency, hydraulic design,
Draft tube-theory and function Regular OHP,BB
36 01 efficiency.
GUIDELINES:
Distribution of periods:
No. of classes required to cover JNTUH syllabus : 64
No. of classes required to cover Additional topics : Nil
No. of classes required to cover Assignment tests (for every 2 units 1 test) : 4
No. of classes required to cover tutorials : 2
No. of classes required to cover Mid tests : 2
No of classes required to solve University Question papers : 2
-------
Total periods 64
14
14. Detailed Notes
Fluid Mechanics
Units and dimensions:
Angular Velocity…………………….rad/g
Angular Acceleration……………….rad/g2
Discharge ……………………………m3/g
Sp.mass(mass density)…………….kg/m3
Sp.weight(weight density)………….N.S/m2
Dynamic viscosity
15
Work, Energy, Torque………………..J(N-m)
Power …………………………………watt(J/g)
Surface Tension……………………..N/m
Entropy ……………………………..J/kg.k
Thermal conductivity………………..W/m.k
Dynamic viscosity………….poise(p)=1/10=N.S/m2
Pressure of fluid………………………..105 pa
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15. University Question papers of previous year
163
164
16. Question Bank
Unit-1
1. What is open channel flow?.
2. Differentiate between open channel and pipe flow.
3. Derive various economic sections.
4. Dynamic equation for G.V.F, mild, critical, steep slope.
5.Derive critical depth for various sections?
Unit-2
1. Derive rayleighs, buckinghams pi theorem methods?
2. Derive dimensionless numbers for various formulaes.
3. Model and prototype relations
Unit-3
1. Derive the formulaes for impact on jets for inclined, straight etc.
2. Forces on inclined moving plate, flat stationary plate.
3. Draw the velocity diagrams for jet striking centrally curved symmetrical plate.
4. Work done and Efficiency of flow over radial plate.
5. What is a surge tank? What is the purpose of it? Describe various types of surge tanks
6. Define i) Firm power and secondary power ii) Load factor, Utilization factor and Capacity factor.
7. Describe how hydro power plants are classified into different types based on various criteria.
8. What is intake? Explain different types of intakes with neat sketches
9. Enumerate different elements of hydro electric power station and draw its layout.
Unit-4
Unit-5
1. Obtain the expression for the specific speed of a turbine
2 .What do you mean by characteristic curves of a turbine? Discuss about different operating characteristics of a
turbine with neat sketches.
3. What is cavitations’? How to detect the cavitation? Explain how to avoid the cavitation.
4. A Kaplan turbine operates under a head of 15.2m, has a speed of 75rpm and develops 50MW of power. The
overall efficiency of the turbine is 82%. Calculate the specific speed, unit speed, unit discharge and unit power.
5 .Explain the governing of turbines with a neat sketch.
6. The impeller of a centrifugal pump having external diameter and internal diameter 500mm and 250mm
respectively, width at outlet 50mm and running at 1200 rpm works against a head of 48m. The velocity of flow
through the impeller is constant and is equal to 3m/s. The vanes are back at an angle of 400 at outlet. Determine
inlet vane angle, work done by the impeller on water per second and manometric efficiency.
7. Derive an expression for minimum outside diameter of an impeller to enable the pump to start at its normal
speed.
8. Explain what are the different efficiencies of a centrifugal pump.
9. Describe multistage pump with (i) impellers in series and (ii) impellers in parallel with the aid of neat
sketches.
10. Explain with neat sketches the volute and the diffuser pumps. What is the role of volute chamber of a
centrifugal pump
Unit-3: Derivation of Impact on jets and its problems. Layout of Hydro Power plant.
Unit-4: Classification of turbines, differentiate between francis, pelton, Kaplan turbine, specific speed concept,
cavitation and use of surge tank.
Unit-5: classification of pumps, efficiencies, specific speed of pump, NPSH cavitaion, load factor, capacity
factor
166
18. Unit wise Quiz Questions
167
168
169
170
20. Known gaps ,if any
--NONE--
Journals
1. International Journal of fluid mechanics
2. International Journal of numerical methods in fluids.
3. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
5. Physics of Fluids
7. Journal of Turbulence
Websites
1. www.ieeefmhm.org/
http://www.efluids.com/
http://www.yahoo.com/Science/Engineering/Mechanical_Engineering/Fluid_Dynamics/
http://www.cfd-online.com/
EVALUATION SCHEME:
PARTICULAR WEIGHTAGE MARKS
End Examinations 75% 75
Two Sessionals 20% 20
Assignment 5% 5
TEACHER'S ASSESSMENT(TA)* WEIGHTAGE MARKS
*TA will be based on the Assignments given, Unit test Performances and Attendance in the class for a
particular student.
172
23. Student List
II-A Section
7 14R11A0108 E TEJASRI
8 14R11A0109 G DARSHAN
13 14R11A0114 K ANJALI
173
25 14R11A0126 MUSHKE VAMSHIDAR REDDY
28 14R11A0129 P GAYATHRI
33 14R11A0134 R DIVYA
II-B-section
3 14R11A0151 B. VIJAY
174
8 14R11A0157 G. NIKHIL
15 14R11A0164 K ABHILASH
18 14R11A0169 M SRINIVAS
19 14R11A0170 N SANTHOSH
24 14R11A0176 P SURENDER
1 1
14R11A0102 ATHIREK SINGH JADHAV
175
2 1
14R11A0103 BODAPATI ARVIND RAJ
3 1
14R11A0104 BODHASU MADHU
4 1
14R11A0105 BOLAGANTI YASHWANTH TEJA
5 1
14R11A0106 CHADA SHIVASAI REDDY
6 1
14R11A0107 D SATISH KUMAR
7 2
14R11A0108 E TEJASRI
8 2
14R11A0109 G DARSHAN
9 2
14R11A0110 GALIPELLI SRIKANTH
10 2
14R11A0111 GATTU MANASA
11 2
14R11A0112 GEEDI SRINIVAS
12 2
14R11A0113 GUNTUPALLY MANOJ KUMAR
13 3
14R11A0114 K ANJALI
14 3
14R11A0115 KASULA HIMA BINDU
15 3
14R11A0116 KASTHURI VINAY KUMAR
16 3
14R11A0117 KOPPULA KEERTHIKA
17 3
14R11A0118 KRISHNA VAMSHI TIPPARAJU
18 3
14R11A0119 MADDULA MANORAMA REDDY
19 4
14R11A0120 MALINENI VENKATA DILIP
20 4
14R11A0121 MANDA KUMIDINI
21 4
14R11A0122 MINNIKANTI NAGASAI GANESH BABU
22 4
14R11A0123 MOHD ABDUL WALI KHAN
23 4
14R11A0124 MOTUPALLI VENTAKA KIRAN
24 4
14R11A0125 MUDDETI HARI
25 5
14R11A0126 MUSHKE VAMSHIDAR REDDY
26 5
14R11A0127 NAGUNOORI PRANAY KUMAR
27 5
14R11A0128 NALLA UDHAY KUMAR REDDY
28 5
14R11A0129 P GAYATHRI
29 5
14R11A0130 PADALA SRIKANTH
30 5
14R11A0131 PASUPULATI SWETHA
176
31 6
14R11A0132 POLISETTY VINEEL BHARGAV
32 6
14R11A0133 PUNYAPU VENKATA SHRAVANI
33 6
14R11A0134 R DIVYA
34 6
14R11A0136 RAVULA VAMSHI
35 6
14R11A0138 S BARATH KUMAR
36 7
14R11A0139 S PRASHANTH REDDY
37 7
14R11A0140 S SAI RAGHAV
38 7
14R11A0141 SHAIK SHAMEERA
39 7
14R11A0142 SREEGAADHI SAICHARAN
40 7
14R11A0143 SRIRAM SURYA
41 8
14R11A0144 SUNKARI SHIVA
42 8
14R11A0145 VANAMALA SURENDER NIKITHA
43 8
14R11A0146 YADAVALLI PAVAN KUMAR
II-B Section
Group No
S. No Roll No Student Name
3 1 14R11A0151 B. VIJAY
8 2 14R11A0157 G. NIKHIL
177
14 3 14R11A0163 K BHARATH KUMAR
15 3 14R11A0164 K ABHILASH
18 3 14R11A0169 M SRINIVAS
19 4 14R11A0170 N SANTHOSH
24 4 14R11A0176 P SURENDER
178