Jun Rey T.

Villason BSBA 2B-MM

Badminton,
Court or lawn game played with lightweight rackets and a shuttlecock. Historically, the shuttlecock (also known as a
“bird” or “birdie”) was a small cork hemisphere with 16 goose feathers attached and weighing about 0.17 ounce (5
grams). These types of shuttles may still be used in modern play, but shuttles made from synthetic materials are also
allowed by the Badminton World Federation.

The history of Badminton

The game is named for Badminton, the country estate of the dukes of Beaufort in Gloucestershire,England, where it was
first played about 1873. The roots of the sport can be traced to ancient Greece,China, and India, and it is closely related
to the old children’s game battledore and shuttlecock. Badminton is derived directly from poona, which was played by
British army officers stationed in India in the 1860s. The first unofficial all-England badminton championships for men
were held in 1899, and the first badminton tournament for women was arranged the next year. Badminton is also
popular in Malaysia, Indonesia,Japan, and Denmark. The BWF’s first world championships were held in 1977. A number
of regional, national, and zonal badminton tournaments are held in several countries. The best-known of these is theAll-
England Championships. Other well-known international tournaments include the Thomas Cup(donated 1939) for men’s
team competition and the Uber Cup (donated 1956) for women’s team competition. Competitive badminton is usually
played indoors because even light winds affect the course of the shuttlecock. (Recreational badminton, on the other
hand, is a popular outdoor summertime activity.

MATERIALS :

Badminton Racket
Modern Badminton Rackets are light in weight and don’t weigh more than 100 grams. The frame of the Racket
can be made of common metals like steel or aluminium. Sometimes rackets are made of alloys, tough carbon
fiber, ceramic, or boron. Its length does not exceed 680mm and width does not exceed 230 mm.
Shuttlecock
Sixteen feathers fixed in a cork base enveloped in a thin leather sheet make a shuttlecock. Interestingly, the
best Badminton Shuttlecocks are made from feathers from the wing of a goose. The shuttle weighs between
4.74 to 5.50 grams.
Badminton Shoes
A good pair of Badminton Shoes provide good grip, cushioning and some flexibility at the forefoot.
Badminton Accessories
The commonly used Badminton Accessories are Grip, Badminton Clothes, Socks, Wrist Band and Head Band.
Badminton Clothes
Comfortable T-shirts and shorts, that don’t hinder your movement are ideal to play Badminton. A cotton round-
neck or a collar t-shirts with a pair of light shorts are usually preferred.
Wrist Band
If you perspire a lot, you may consider getting a wrist band that prevents your sweat from flowing to your
racket handle
Head Band
Wear a Head Band if you wear spectacles. It prevents your lenses from getting wet and also stops the sweat
and hair from getting into your eyes while playing.
Socks
Wear a pair of thick cotton socks as they help to absorb sweat. They also prevent your feet from slipping inside
your shoes. Avoid wearing Nylon socks that don’t absorb sweat.
Grip
A grip made of cloth or synthetic fiber absorbs sweat and provides you a drier feel.
TERMINOLOGY OF BADMINTON

Alley - side-extension of the court by l½ feet on both sides that is used for doubles play shuttle

Back Alley - Area between the back boundary line and the long service line for doubles.

Backcourt - the back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.

Baseline - Back boundary line at each end of the court.that runs parallel to the net

Bird or birdie - another name for the shuttlecock

Carry - An illegal tactic, also called a sling or throw, in which the shuttle is caught and held on the racket and
then slung during the execution of a stroke.

Center Line - Line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right service courts.

Clear - A shot hit deep to the opponent’s back court.

Court - Area of play, as defined by the outer boundary lines.

Drive - A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.

Drop - A shot hit sohly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net on the opponent’s side.

Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play (see common faults listed
below).

Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an apparently soft shot into a
faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.

Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.

Hairpin Net Shot - Shot made from below and very close to the net with the shuttle rising, just clearing the net,
and then dropping sharply down the other side. The shuttle’s flight approximates the shape of a hairpin.

Halfcourt Shot - A shot hit low and to midcourt, used effectively in doubles against the up-and-back formation.

Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a "putaway."

Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.

Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2 l/2 feet inside the back boundary line.
The serve may not go past this line.
Match - A series of games (at U.S. Olympic Festival-’93 it is three out of five), to determine a winner. Midcourt -
The middle third of the court, halfway between the net and the back boundary line.

NetShot - Shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and drops sharply.

Push Shot - Gentle shot played by pushing the shuttle with little wrist motion, usually from net or midcourt to
the opponent’s midcourt.

Racket - Instrument used by playerto hit shuttlecock Weight:About3 ounces. Length: 27 inches. Made of:
Ceramic, graphite, or boron frame; beef-gut string. Cost: $60-$175 (unstrung).

Rally – this occurs when the players hit the bird back and forth several times before one side scores a point

Serve or Service – players put the shuttlecock into play for points by “serving” it to opponents, hitting it over
the net into a special part of the court near their opponent

Service Court - Area into which the serve must be delivered. Different for singles and doubles play.

Short Service Line - The line 6 l/2 feet from the net which a serve must reach to be legal.

Shuttlecock - thje name for the object that players hit, made of a ball of cork or rubber with a crown of feathers
in an open conical shape.

Smash – when a shuttle is floated high into the air, a player has time to unleash a powerful overhand shot
straight to the floor of the opposing court

Wood Shot - Shot that results when the base of the shuttle is hit by the frame of the racket. Once illegal, this
shot was ruled acceptable by the International Badminton Federation in 1963.

PLAYING COURTS
The badminton court is 13.4m long and 6.1m wide. For singles the court is marked 5.18m wide.
The lines marking out the court are easily distinguishable and coloured white or yellow. The lines are 40mm
wide.
The diagonal full length of the full court is 14.366m.

Posts
The posts are 1.55m high from the surface of the court and remain vertical when the net is strained.The posts
are placed on the double side lines irrespective of whether singles or doubles is played. The posts or supports
must not extend into the court beyond the side lines.
Where it is not practicable to have posts on the side lines, some method can be used to indicate the position of
the side lines where they pass under the net, eg by the use of thin posts or strips of material 40mm wide, fixed
to the side lines and rising vertically to the net cord.

Net
The net is 760mm in depth and a minimum of 6.1m wide.The top of the net from the surface of the court is
1.524m at the centre of the court and 1.55m over the side lines for doubles.
There must be no gaps between the ends of the net and the posts. If necessary, the full depth of the net at the
ends is tied to the posts.
 FOREHAND GRIP

This grip is used to hit shots that are on the forehand side of your body and around the head shots. Hold the
racket head with your non-playing hand so that the handle points towards you. Your racket face shall be
perpendicular to the floor. Place your playing hand on the handle as if you are shaking hands with it. There shall
be a V shape in between your thumb and your index finger. The racket handle shall rest loosely in your fingers
for greater flexibility. Can try shortening your grip and place it nearer to the shaft to increase control and
accuracy when serving and hitting from the forecourt and midcourt.

BACKHAND GRIP

This grip is used to hit shots that are on the backhand side of your body. Hold the racket as you would
on a forehand grip. Turn the racket anti-clockwise so that the V shape moves leftwards. Place your
thumb against the back bevel of the handle for greater leverage and power. The racket handle shall
also rest loosely in your fingers. Can try shortening your grip and place it nearer to the shaft to
increase control and accuracy when serving and hitting from the forecourt and midcourt.

CHESS

A board game of strategic skill for two players, played on a checkered board. Each player begins the game with sixteen
pieces that are moved and used to capture opposing pieces according to precise rules. The object is to put the opponent's king
under a direct attack from which escape is impossible ( checkmate ).

The History of Chess

Chess is one of the oldest and most popular board games, played by two opponents on a checkered board
with specially designed pieces of contrasting colours, commonly white and black. White moves first, after which
the players alternate turns in accordance with fixed rules, each player attempting to force the opponent’s
principal piece, the King, into checkmate—a position where it is unable to avoid capture. Chess first appeared in
India about the 6th century ad and by the 10th century had spread from Asia to the Middle East and Europe. Since
at least the 15th century, chess has been known as the “royal game” because of its popularity among the nobility.
Rules and set design slowly evolved until both reached today’s standard in the early 19th century. Once an
intellectual diversion favoured by the upper classes, chess went through an explosive growth in interest during the
20th century as professional and state-sponsored players competed for an officially recognized world
championship title and increasingly lucrative tournament prizes. Organized chess tournaments, postal
correspondence games, and Internet chess now attract men, women, and children around the world.

Materials

Chess Sets

Chess set usually means a board plus pieces. Some players say set to mean just the pieces. Sets can be bought
as a board together with pieces or assembled by combining a board with separate pieces. The important thing
about a chess set is that it be esthetically pleasing. The size and color of the pieces should match the size and
color of the squares on the board

CHESS PIECES.
The most familiar and popular pieces follow the Staunton pattern, first registered in 1849 by Nathaniel Cook.
Staunton pieces are required for most tournaments. They are normally made from wood or plastic, although
other materials can be used.When purchasing a chess set, consider the colors of the opposing armies, the
material used, the weight, the base size, the height of the pieces, and whether the pieces are felted or not.
Pieces for beginners sometimes have the legal moves printed on each piece. These are like training wheels for a
bicycle and are soon replaced by a normal set

CHESS BOARD

Although most chess positions are diagrammed with white & dark gray squares, very few boards
use those colors or use white & black. Inexpensive boards often come with red & black squares,
but these are hard on the eyes. Boards are also sold built into the table. The board should have
adequate borders to place the clock and captured pieces.