International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

Volume 3 Issue 5, August 2019 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470

Design and Construction of Parcel

Wrapping System using Arduino
Nwe Nwe Oo, Ma Naing, Moe Myint Aung
Lecturer, Department of Electronic Engineering, Technological University (Magway), Myanmar

How to cite this paper: Nwe Nwe Oo | Ma ABSTRACT

Naing | Moe Myint Aung "Design and This paper describes about the automatic parcel wrapping system using
Construction of Parcel Wrapping System arduino UNO. Packaging automation is the process or procedure of packaging a
using Arduino" product without human assistance. It can range from individual equipment to
Published in simple process or complete packing lines. This system provides smart
International workflows and eliminates redundant tasks, allowing them to do more with
Journal of Trend in less. This system has three sensors which used to sense the box, objects and
Scientific Research the end of the conveyor. This system is commanded to insert 10 objects and
and Development the count numbers of objects are displayed on the 7 segment display.
(ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456- IJTSRD25291 Moreover, two flat belt conveyors are used to carry objects and boxes. DC
6470, Volume-3 | motors are also used for moving conveyor. The first conveyor that run one
Issue-5, August 2019, pp.378-381, motor is to carry boxes and the second that runs another motor is to carry
https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd25291 objects. IR sensors are used to sense the object and the boxes. Then, the
conveyor for carrying the boxes that has filled objects will again to start run
Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and and will stop at end sensor. This machine can be used in industries for
International Journal of Trend in Scientific recording the amount of product.
Research and Development Journal. This
is an Open Access article distributed KEYWORDS: LDR sensor, Belt Conveyors, DC Motor, Arduino, 7 Segment Display
under the terms of I. INTRODUCTION
the Creative According to the technological developing country, manufacturing is also partly
Commons Attribution important. Nowadays, automatic machines are extensively used. An automatic
License (CC BY 4.0) machine or device is one which has controls that enable it to perform a task
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by without needing to be constantly operated by a person. In technical part,
/4.0) automatic parcel wrapping machines are used.
Automatic parcel wrapping machine is one which to count Fig.1 is the block diagram of Automatic Parcel Wrapping
and packing objects. This machine provides smart workflows Machine. This system has three sensors which used to sense
and eliminates redundant tasks, allowing them to do more the box, object and the end of the conveyor. Two motors are
with less. This machine reduces damages and unsalable. It used for moving conveyor. Arduino microcontroller has
improves safety and requires fewer workers to complete a three inputs from LDR sensor 1 (END) and LDR sensor 2
task than manual processes. Proper packaging protects (BOX) and LDR sensor 3 (OBJECT). Sensors are given 5V by
products from a variety of external forces during transport using LM7805. Seven segment displays are used to display
and storage. By replacing slower more intense manual the number of the objects and DC motors are used to drive
processes, employee safety can be improved and reduce the the conveyors for carry the boxes and objects. 12V is applied
waste of time, the costs of workplace injuries. Moreover, to L298n (motor driver) from LM 7812 and then L298n gives
manufacturing can be quick, human resources can be back 12V to DC motors.
reduced, and the amount of products can be improved.
III. System components
II. System Block Diagram
A. Light Dependent Resistor
A Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) or a photo resistor is a
device whose resistivity is a function of the incident
electromagnetic radiation. Hence, they are light sensitive
devices. They are also called as photo conductors, photo
conductive cells or simply photocells. They are made
up of semiconductor materials having high resistance.

B. Direct Current Motor

A direct current or DC motor converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy. It is one of two basic types of motors: the
other type is the alternating current or AC motor. Among DC
motors, there are shunt-wound, series-wound, compound-
wound and permanent magnet motors. A DC motor consists
of a stator, an armature, a rotor and a commutator with
Fig.1: Block Diagram of Parcel Wrapping System brushes. Opposite polarity between the two magnetic fields
inside the motor cause it to turn. DC motors are the simplest

@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD25291 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 378
 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
type of motor and are used in household appliances, such as
electric razors, and in electric windows in cars.

IV. Overall System Flowchart

C. Seven Segment Display Start

Seven segment display is an array of 8 LEDs connected or

arranged in a special pattern together to form or display the
digits from 0-9. The 7-segments are arranged as a rectangle Port Initialization
of two vertical segments on each side with one horizontal
segment on the top, middle, and bottom. These segments
come in two configurations, namely, Common cathode (CC)
and Common anode (CA). In CC configuration, the negative Box Conveyor ON

terminals of all LEDs are connected to the common pins. The

common is connected to ground and a particular LED glows
when its corresponding pin is given high. In CA arrangement, Rea d Sensor Value

the common pin is given a high logic and the LED pins are
given low to display a number.
Is sensor 2 (Box) = No
1?

Yes

Box Conveyor OFF,

Object Conveyor ON
Is sensor3(Obj)>10 No
Objs ?

Yes

D. L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Driver Box Conveyor ON,

The L298N is a dual H-Bridge motor driver which allows Object Conveyor OFF

speed and direction control of two DC motors at the same

time. The module can drive DC motors that have voltages
between 5 and 35V, with a peak current up to 2A. The No Is Sensor 1 (END)
=1?
module has two screw terminal blocks for the motor A and B,
and another screw terminal block for the Ground pin, the
Yes
VCC for motor and a 5V pin which can either be an input or
Box Conveyor OFF,
output. Object Conveyor OFF

Object Review
No END
Yes

Fig.2: Overall System Flowchart

The first conveyor is to carry boxes and the second is to
carry objects. If start button is pressed, the conveyor which
carries box is firstly run. When the box sensor senses box,
E. Arduino UNO the box conveyor will stop and the conveyor which carries
Arduino is an open source computer hardware and software objects start to run. If the box sensor must not sense the box,
company and user community that designs and the box conveyor will continue to run and the object
manufactures single-board microcontrollers and conveyor will stop. The objects that exist on this conveyor
microcontroller kits for building digital devices and will fall down in the box. The number of objects are sensed
interactive objects that can sense and control objects in the by the object sensor and displayed on the 7 Segment display.
physical and digital world. Arduino Uno is a microcontroller If 10 objects simultaneously full on the conveyor, carrying
board. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be objects will stop and the box conveyor starts to run. But, if
used as PWN outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16MHz quartz 10 objects do not full, the box conveyor will continue to stop
crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICP header and a and the object conveyor will run. Then, the box conveyor
reset button. It contains everything needed to support the that has filled objects will again to start run and will stop at
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB end sensor. Only if to remove this box that exists near the
cable or power it with a AC to DC adapter or battery to get end sensor, this process can start again. The overall system
started. is wanted to be stop; the stop button can be pressed.

@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD25291 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 379
 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
V. Hardware Implementation

Fig.3: Circuit Diagram of Automatic Parcel Wrapping System

In this system, two seven segment display are used for
displaying numbers. One is given clock pulse signal. Firstly,
LDRs are used to sense objects and box. If light is received,
resistance will less in LDR. If light is not received, resistance
will more in LDR. By basing this method, transistor is
switching and used as clock pulse signal. LDR and resistor
are linked at the base of transistor. They are used as voltage
divider. So, if light receive in LDR, resistance will less. When
resistance is less, switch on. Due to switch on, plus voltage
will arrive to clock pulse signal and number will change.
Similarly, if light do not receive in LDR, resistance will more.
When resistance is more, switch off. Due to switch off, 0
voltage will arrive to clock pulse signal and number will not Fig.5: Result for Automatic Parcel Wrapping System
change. Whenever clock pulse signal reach, one display will
count. 10 objects are simultaneously filled, carry out and
enter the second seven segment display. Then, second
display will work. Arduino microcontroller counts to
determine whether run or stop motor that carry box when
how many objects are added into box. If start button is
pressed, the conveyor which carries box is firstly run. When
the box sensor senses box, the box conveyor will stop and
the conveyor which carries objects start to run. The objects
that exist on this conveyor will fall down in the box. The
number of objects is sensed by the object sensor and
displayed on the 7 segment display.
VI. Results Fig.6: Result for Automatic Parcel Wrapping System

VII. Discussion
This paper is discussed about parcel wrapping system that
can be used in many industries. Packaging automation is the
process or procedure of packaging a product without human
assistance. It can range from individual equipment to simple
process or complete packing lines. This machine provides
smart workflows and eliminates redundant tasks, allowing
them to do more with less. Automatic parcel wrapping
machine is invented with advanced and it is used to reduce
overall cost. DC motors are used for driving the conveyor
belt. LDR sensors are used to sense the box and objects.
Fig.4: Complete Diagram for Automatic Parcel Seven segment displays are used to display the number of
Wrapping System

@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD25291 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 380
 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
objects. In this paper, Arduino microcontroller is used as a instead of LDR. Automatic parcel wrapping machine can be
mainly devices that controls the overall system process. So, used in industrial by using PLC. But little modifications will
this system requires fewer workers to complete a task than be needed.
manual processes. Proper packaging protects products from
a variety of external forces during transport and storage. IX. References
Employees are required to do less hand- on work. By [1] Leo Louis, April 2016, “Automation, Communication
replacing slower more intense manual processes, employee and Systems”, International Journal of Control
safety can be improved and reduced the waste of time, the
[2] Richard Crowson, 16/7/2018, “Packaging Automation”
costs of workplace injuries. Moreover, manufacturing can be
quick, human resources can be reduced, and the amount of [3] David A (1984), 23/7/2018, “Different Types of Belt
products can be improved. Conveyors”.
[4] Anil Kumar Maini, 2007, “Digital Electronics”, [5] Tarun
VIII. Further Extension
Agarwal, 2008, “230V AC to 12V DC and 5V DC”
In this system, the black blocks are used as objects. Foods,
cosmetics and other materials can be ordered to count [5] Simon Monk, 8/11/2011, “Arduino”
instead of the black blocks. And, LCD can be used instead of 7
[6] Mark Balch, 20/6/2003/, “Voltage Regulator”
segment display. Moreover, IR sensor can also be used

@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD25291 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 381