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Pathophysiology of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome SSSS

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is caused by exotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus that cleave desmoglein proteins in the skin, causing keratinocytes to detach and the epidermis to separate from the dermis. This results in large sheets of epidermis detaching from the skin, leaving denuded areas and fluid-filled blisters. Without treatment, the toxins can spread systemically through the bloodstream, potentially leading to sepsis, cellulitis, pneumonia and other severe infections.

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Erika Nena Castillo Alamo
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512 views1 page

Pathophysiology of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome SSSS

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is caused by exotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus that cleave desmoglein proteins in the skin, causing keratinocytes to detach and the epidermis to separate from the dermis. This results in large sheets of epidermis detaching from the skin, leaving denuded areas and fluid-filled blisters. Without treatment, the toxins can spread systemically through the bloodstream, potentially leading to sepsis, cellulitis, pneumonia and other severe infections.

Uploaded by

Erika Nena Castillo Alamo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY of STAPHYLOCOCCAL SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME (SSSS)

PREDISPOSING FACTORS PRECIPITATING FACTORS


> Environment > Poor hand hygiene
> Weak Immune system
> Poor renal clearance

S. Aureus produces exotoxins (Epidermolytic A and B) in the skin

Exotoxins produces serine proteases

This cleaves the desmosomal proteins desmoglein 1 in the zona granulosa of the epidermis

Causing keratinocytes to detach from one another


and from the underlying basement membrane

S/Sx:
(+)skin exfoliation Exfoliation of the skin Blisters
(diffuse sheetlike desquamation) (thin walled, sterile cloudy fluid to
frank yellow pus fluid-filled bullae)

Rupture of lesions leaves denuded skin


(also known as Nikolsky’s Sign)

S/Sx:
rash, heat, pain Local Inflammatory Response of the body

Exofoliative toxins are spread hematogenously

widespread loss of superficial epidermis

Loss of barrier function of the skin

S/Sx:
(+) fever Systemic Inflammatory Response of the body

S. aureus skin infection

Complications Signs and Symptoms

 Sepsis  Fussiness
 Cellulitis  Tiredness
 Severe infections  Redness of the skin
 Pneumonia  Fluid-filled blisters
 Nikolsky sign
 Sheet-like desquamation of skin
 Painful, erythematous rash with
wrinkled tissue paper life consistency

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