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1.) Quantitative Study On The Usefulness of Homework in Primary Education Goal and Hypothesis

The document compares dependent and independent variables and provides examples of hypotheses from quantitative studies. It defines dependent variables as changing in response to independent variables, which are purposefully manipulated. Five examples of hypotheses from quantitative studies are given relating to the usefulness of homework, differences in racism awareness among counseling students, variability in learning styles among health professions, the effect of proficiency-based education on school climate, and the effect of air space on arsenic removal in biosand filters.

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Deku Midoriya
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77 views

1.) Quantitative Study On The Usefulness of Homework in Primary Education Goal and Hypothesis

The document compares dependent and independent variables and provides examples of hypotheses from quantitative studies. It defines dependent variables as changing in response to independent variables, which are purposefully manipulated. Five examples of hypotheses from quantitative studies are given relating to the usefulness of homework, differences in racism awareness among counseling students, variability in learning styles among health professions, the effect of proficiency-based education on school climate, and the effect of air space on arsenic removal in biosand filters.

Uploaded by

Deku Midoriya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Comparison of the types of Variables

Dependent Variable Independent Variable

It changes its values in order to correspond to Its values are purposely changed by the
the change in the values of the independent researcher in order to obtain the expected
variable outcome

Depends on the other factors that are measured. It is stable and uninfluenced by the other
variables that is being measured
the expected or measured effect the expected cause
From its word Its values depend of that on others From its word the Variation does not depend on
that of others
variables that change as a result of an variables that can be changed in an experiment
experiment
SIMILARITIES
It both has contribution to a quantitative research
Both are types of variables
Both the variables is part of an experiment

5 EXAMPLES OF HYPOTHESIS:
1.) Quantitative Study on the Usefulness of Homework in Primary Education
Goal and hypothesis
The main goal chosen for our quantitative study is to investigate the faculties’ attitude towards the sensitive
issue of homework in elementary education, departing from the idea according to which if the
elementary school teachers assign homework, their attitude towards it is related to the enhancement of
school performances, to the development of the ability to work independently and to rendering the pupils
responsible.
Reference: Catalano, H., & Catalano, C. (2018). Quantitative Study on the Usefulness of Homework in Primary
Education. In V. Manolachi, C.M. Rus, S. Rusnac (eds.), New Approaches in Social and Humanistic Sciences (pp.
129-136). Iasi, Romania: LUMEN Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.18662/lumproc.nashs2017.11
2.) “A causal-comparative study to determine differences in levels of awareness of racism among
graduate counseling students”
Hypothesis
HI There will be a significant difference in levels of awareness of racism
between those who completed the Counseling Multicultural and Diverse Populations
class and those who did not.
H2 There will be a significant relationship between levels of awareness of
racism and number of credit hours completed in the counseling education program.
Reference: Wiegman, C. (2003). "A causal-comparative study to determine differences in levels of
awareness of racism among graduate counseling
students". Student Work. 216.
https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork/216

3). A DESCRIPTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STUDENT LEARNING


STYLES FROM SELECTED MEDICAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS
ABSTRACT
The authors’ hypothesis was to determine whether comparable variation coexisted among the
individual learning styles of health professional students and the
general population. Our purpose was to demonstrate learning style variability, as well as
justification for the utilization of different teaching modalities throughout education. We
administered David Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory Ua to sample populations of
Emergency Medical Technician/Paramedic students (n = 53), third and fourth year
Medical students (n = 28), undergraduate Nursing students {n = 65), second and third
year Physician Assistant students {n = 49), and a General student population (n = 70).
The results were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test and compared using analysis of
variance (ANOVA) methods. A statistical difference did not exist among the learning
styles of health professional students and the general population. As a result,
implementation of varied teaching modalities in health professional education are
discussed with suggestions for future research presented.
The Research Hypothesis
Students from selected health professions learn by utilizing a variety of learning
styles. The distribution of these learning styles does not differ among the various health
professions, the general education or from the general population.

Reference: Gregory, Dennis C. and Huisman, Steven K. (2002). "A Descriptive Comparative Study of
Student Learning Styles from Selected Medical
Education Programs". Masters Theses. 573.
http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/theses/573

4.) A CAUSAL COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF PROFICIENCY-BASED


EDUCATION ON SCHOOL CLIMATE
Hypotheses
H01: There is no statistically significant difference between the teachers’ assessments of
physical environment in a proficiency-based high school and a non-proficiency-based high school as
measured by the SCAI-S-G.
H02: There is no statistically significant difference between the teachers’ assessments of
faculty relations in a proficiency-based high school and a non-proficiency-based high school as
measured by the SCAI-S-G.
H03: There is no statistically significant difference between the teachers’ assessments of
student interactions in a proficiency-based high school and a non-proficiency-based high school as
measured by the SCAI-S-G.
H04: There is no statistically significant difference between the teachers’ assessments of
leadership and decisions in a proficiency-based high school and a non-proficiency-based high school as
measured by the SCAI-S-G.
H05: There is no statistically significant difference between the teachers’ assessments of
the discipline environment in a proficiency-based high school and a non-proficiency-based high school
as measured by the SCAI-S-G.
H06: There is no statistically significant difference between the teachers’ assessments of
learning and assessment in a proficiency-based high school and a non-proficiency-based high school as
measured by the SCAI-S-G.
H07: There is no statistically significant difference between the teachers’ assessments of
attitude and culture in a proficiency-based high school and a non-proficiency-based high school as
measured by the SCAI-S-G.
H08: There is no statistically significant difference between the teachers’ assessments of
community relations in a proficiency-based high school and a non-proficiency-based high school as
measured by the SCAI-S-G.

Reference: York, K. (2017). A CAUSAL COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF PROFICIENCY-BASED


EDUCATION ON SCHOOL CLIMATE. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/83112367.pdf

5.) ARSENIC BIOSAND FILTER:


“STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF AIR SPACE BETWEEN THE RESTING WATER AND
THE DIFFUSER BASIN ON ARSENIC REMOVAL AND DETERMINATION OF
GENERAL FLOW CURVE”
Hypothesis set to achieve the objective
The objective of the study is to examine the effect of air space between the resting water and the
diffuser basin in removing the arsenic from Arsenic Biosand Filter.
It is hypothesized that there may be an effect of air space in removing the arsenic from filter. The filter
is designed in such a way that there is some air space between the diffuser basin and resting water.
The air space in the filter is required to supply Oxygen for the growth of Bio film on the top of sand
layer. In the filter, the volume between the resting water level within the filter and the bottom of the
diffuser basin is up to 10 L. So the influent water usually passes through the iron nails bed quickly and
accumulates in this 10 L space. It is because the resistance to water flow through the iron nails bed is
much less than the resistance to water flow through the fine sand layer below. If the space between
the sand layer and diffuser basin is reduced, then a greater portion of the incoming water will remain
in the diffuser box, instead of accumulating in the space below. This will increase the contact time
between the influent water and the iron nails, and may improve arsenic removal (Ngai.T, 2003.).

Reference: Pandey, S. (2004). ARSENIC BIOSAND FILTER:


“STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF AIR SPACE BETWEEN THE RESTING WATER AND
THE DIFFUSER BASIN ON ARSENIC REMOVAL AND DETERMINATION OF
GENERAL FLOW CURVE”. http://web.mit.edu/watsan/Docs/Other%20Documents/KAF/Pandey%20-
%20Effects%20of%20Air%20Space%20in%20ABF%202004.pdf

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