Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following text.

The latest round in an ongoing debate over global-warming trends claims

that warming has indeed slowed down this century. An obvious slowing in
the rise of global temperatures was recorded at the beginning of the twenty-
first century. This was referred to as a "hiatus" or a "pause". This hiatus was
first observed several years ago. Climate-change skeptics have used this as
evidence that global warming has stopped permanently. But in June the
previous year, a study in science claimed that the hiatus was just an artifact
which disappears when biases in temperature data are corrected.

Now a prominent group of researchers is countering that claim. They argue

in Nature Climate Change that even after correcting these biases the
slowdown was real. "There is this mismatch between what the climate
models are producing and what the observations are showing," says lead
author John Fyfe. "We can't ignore it." Fyfe uses the term "slowdown" rather
than "hiatus". He also stresses that it does not in any way weaken global-
warming theory.

The study that questioned the existence of the slowdown corrected known
biases in the surface temperature record maintained by the US National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The finding showed
differences in temperature readings from ships and buoys. This effectively
increased the record about warming. The researchers also extended the
record to include 2014. This set a new record high for average temperatures.

Thomas Karl, director of National Centers for Environmental Information in

Asheville, calculated the rate of global warming between 1950 and 1999 as
being 0.113°C per decade. This was similar to the 0.116°C a decade
calculated for 2000-14. This, Karl said, meant that an assessment done by
the influential Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2013 showing
that warming had slowed was no longer valid.

(Adapted from www.nature.com)

Topic: Extracting Core Information

Subtopic: Defining the Topic

1. The passage above mainly discusses about….

A. the hiatus observation was first carried out several years ago
B. the reason why global warming is slowing down in this century
C. global warming is a verifiable issue in the space of a decade
 D. the contention about global warming and whether it is indeed slowing
this period
E. the view of study in science that the hiatus is an artifact which vanishes

Answer: D

Perhatikan kalimat pertama pada paragraf ke-1 “The latest round in an

ongoing debate over global-warming trends claims that warming has indeed
slowed down this century.” inti kalimatnya mengatakan adanya perdebatan
yang membahas tentang tren pemanasan global yang melambat abad ini.
Maka topik dari teks di atas adalah (D) The contention about global warming
and whether it is indeed slowing this period.

Topic: Understanding Implicit Information

Subtopic: Finding Contextual Meaning

2. The word “prominent” in paragraph 2 means….

A. well-known
B. promenade
C. shrewd
D. indolent
E. magnificent

Answer: A

Prominent (Terkenal) memiliki makna yang sama dengan pilihan jawaban

(A) well-known. Sedangkan, pilihan jawaban (B) promenade artinya
“perjalanan”, (C) shrewd berarti “cerdas”, (D) indolent memiliki arti “malas”,
dan (E) magnificent artinya “sangat bagus”.

Topic: Paraphrasing Detailed Information

Subtopic: Understanding Specific Information

3. Why have some claimed that global warming a fabricated issue?

A. Because there’s no valid data to prove that global warming is real.

 B. Since the existence of the slowdown corrected known biases in the
surface temperature record upheld by the US NOAA.
C. As an assessment done on Climate Change presenting that warming
had slowed was no longer valid.
D. For the researchers is countering that in Nature Climate Change
even after correcting these biases the slowdown was real.
E. Because of the diversification in temperature readings from ships and
buoys, the study found.

Answer: C

Pilihan jawaban (C) merupakan opsi yang tepat karena pada paragraf ke-
4 “This, Karl said, meant that an assessment done by the influential
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2013 showing that warming
had slowed was no longer valid.” dikatakan bahwa perhitungan yang
dilakukan oleh Panel Antarpemerintah pada Perubahan Iklim menunjukkan
bahwa pemanasan telah melambat tidak lagi berlaku, yang mana artinya
bahwa pemanasan global merupakan isu yang tidak benar.

The following text is for questions 4 to 5.

Over the last two decades, the use of ICT has been an important topic in
education. On the one hand, studies have shown that ICT can enhance
teaching and learning outcomes. For example, in science and mathematics
education, scholars have documented that the use of ICT can improve
students’ conceptual understanding, problem solving, and team working
skills. Consequently, most curriculum documents state the importance of ICT
and encourage school teachers to use them. However, teachers need to
specifically trained in order to integrate ICT in their teaching.

Schools are known to be resistant to innovation and change, however, the

spread of ICT is beginning to affect how teachers teach. One of the current
issues about the use of ICT is how it is integrated into the curriculum. The
curriculum document provide arguments for introducing ICT in the school
setting. Therefore, schools expect that graduates from teacher education
programs have a reasonable knowledge of how to use ICT. However, this
may not be the case because most current teachers’ pre-service preparation,
and subsequent in-service courses were designed by using traditional
educational technology and settings. Thus, the participants in these courses
are not familiar with the processes, interaction patterns, features, and
possibilities of teaching learning processes based on ICT.
Effective development of pre-service teachers’ ICT proficiency does not
seem to be a direct process, but is the one asking for a careful, complex
approach. First, a need assessment is important to find out what ICT skills
and knowledge teachers need at schools. Second, designers of teacher
education programs should know the pre-service teachers’ perceptions of
ICT and their attitudes toward ICT integration into curriculum. Third, teacher
education programs need to consider the two typical arguments that support
the ICT use in schools.

(Adapted from www.cjlt.ca)

Topic: Paraphrasing Detailed Information

Subtopic: Restating Phrases and Sentences

4. Which of the following best restates the sentence “Over the last two
decades, the use of ICT has been an important topic in education. On the
one hand, studies have shown that ICT can enhance teaching and learning
outcomes.” in paragraph 1?

A. ICT usage has been a vital topic in education and studies indicate
that ICT can develop teaching and learning upshot.
B. Studies have shown that ICT can enrich teaching and learning end
result
C. The use of ICT has been an insignificant topic in education. Also,
studies have shown that ICT can enhance teaching and learning
outcomes.
D. Over the last two decades, the use of ICT has been an important
topic in educational method.
E. Over the preceding two decades, studies have exposed that ICT can
increase teaching and learning outcomes.

Answer: A

Dalam pernyataan “Selama dua dekade terakhir, penggunaan ICT telah

menjadi topik penting dalam pendidikan. Di satu sisi, penelitian telah
menunjukkan bahwa TIK dapat meningkatkan hasil pengajaran dan
pembelajaran.” dapat dinyatakan kembali oleh opsi (A) ICT usage has been
a vital topic in education and studies indicate that ICT can develop teaching
and learning upshot.

Topic: Extracting Core Information

Subtopic: Comprehending Main Ideas

5. Based on the passage, paragraph 1 most likely discusses….

A. educational growth in the last two decades

B. the development of education by using ICT
C. the advantages of using ICT in the learning process
D. teachers need to be trained in order to integrate ICT in their teaching
E. ICT and education in today’s learning development

Answer: B

Pertanyaan soal ini intinya menanyakan topik paragraf ke-1. Paragraf ke-1
topiknya membahas penggunaan TIK telah menunjukkan bahwa TIK dapat
meningkatkan hasil pengajaran dan pembelajaran “On the one hand, studies
have shown that ICT can enhance teaching and learning outcomes.” itu
artinya adanya pengembangan pendidikan dengan menggunakan TIK.
Maka pilihan jawaban (B) the development of education by using
ICT merupakan opsi yang tepat.

Question number 6 to 8 are based on the following text.

Sleepiness after eating is a response of the body to chemical changes during

the digestion process. This is normal and it happens to everybody. However,
if sleepiness occurs every time after eating and obstructs your ability to
function, this may be a concern. Sleepiness after eating is caused by many
factors, such as the type of food you consume, messy sleeping habits, your
health condition and so forth. The body requires energy to function and this
energy is obtained through food. Post-eating, the body releases hormones
such as amylin, glucagon and cholecystokinin. These hormones increase
blood sugar levels, creating a feeling of fullness and producing insulin that
will be streamed through cell tissues and provide energy for them. At the
same time, the brain releases serotonin that causes drowsiness.

Moreover, food also influences melatonin production in the brain. This is the
hormone that is responsible for sleepiness post-meal. Some foods that are
rich in protein, such as meat, poultry, eggs, fish, spinach, tofu, cheese and
soybeans can trigger more drowsiness than others. Additionally, foods
containing carbohydrates also help produce serotonin and tryptophan amino
acids found in the brain. This is the reason why you feel sleepy after eating
carbohydrate-rich foods.
Overeating can also cause sleepiness. Post-meal, the body streams more
blood to the digestive system to better digest foods in massive amounts. This
causes a temporary blood and nutrients shortage in the brain. To prevent
post-meal drowsiness, it’s better to eat a balanced diet containing
vegetables, grains and good fats to provide continuous energy. Drink lots of
water and limit your sugar intake.

Bad sleeping patterns can also cause sleepiness after eating. After a meal,
the body feels full and relaxed, making the body feel like it is resting, resulting
in a feeling of sleepiness, particularly if you didn’t get a good night’s sleep
the night before. To avoid this, improve your sleeping habits to prevent
stress. Engaging in regular physical exercise can help you get a good night’s
sleep. It is recommended that you avoid napping if you are having trouble
sleeping at night.

(Adapted from www.thejakartapost.com)

Topic: Understanding Implicit Information

Subtopic: Author-related Questions

6. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A. To discuss the amount of food to consume so as not to feel sleepy

B. To inform the readers about the factors of sleepiness after eating
C. To argue the effect of eating too much foods for the brain
D. To tell the readers the benefit of eating certain foods
E. To investigate what causes drowsiness after overeating

Answer: B

Tujuan penulis dalam menulis teks di atas adalah untuk menginformasikan

faktor kantuk setelah makan.

1. Sleepiness after eating is a response of the body to chemical changes

during the digestion process.
2. Moreover, food also influences melatonin production in the brain. This
is the hormone that is responsible for sleepiness post-meal.
3. Overeating can also cause sleepiness.
4. Bad sleeping patterns can also cause sleepiness after eating. After a
meal, the body feels full and relaxed, making the body feel like it is
resting, resulting in a feeling of sleepiness, particularly if you didn’t get
a good night’s sleep the night before.
Maka pilihan jawaban (B) To inform the readers about the factors of
sleepiness after eatingmerupakan opsi yang tepat.

Topic: Understanding Implicit Information

Subtopic: Author-related Questions

7. By writing the sentences in paragraph 2, the author intends to tell the

readers about….

A. foods that are rich in protein, such as meat, eggs, fish, tofu, cheese
and soybeans can generate more drowsiness
B. overeating protein and carbohydrate-rich foods obstructs your brain’s
ability to function well
C. the reason why carbohydrate-rich foods make you feel sleepy
D. food combinations containing tryptophan amino acid and
carbohydrates make you feel drowsy
E. the hormone melatonin production in the brain is responsible for
sleepiness after eating

Answer: D

Paragraf ke-2 penulis intinya bermaksud untuk memberitahu pembaca

bahwa kombinasi makanan yang mengandung asam amino triptofan
(protein) dan karbohidrat membuat Anda merasa mengantuk (Additionally,
foods containing carbohydrates also help produce serotonin and tryptophan
amino acids found in the brain. This is the reason why you feel sleepy after
eating carbohydrate-rich foods.). Maka pilihan jawaban (D) food
combinations containing tryptophan amino acid and carbohydrates make
you feel drowsy merupakan opsi yang tepat.

Topic: Understanding Implicit Information

Subtopic: Predicting Paragraph

8. It can be predicted from the passage that….

A. the finer you manage your sleep, the more lethargic you feel
B. the more fish you eat, the better it is for the brain
 C. the less you eat carbohydrate-rich foods, the less you will feel drowsy
D. the less meat you eat, the more you will feel drowsy
E. the less you consume protein and carbohydrates, the better it is for
the body

Answer: C

Dari kalimat “This is the reason why you feel sleepy after eating
carbohydrate-rich foods.” dapat diprediksikan bahwa semakin sedikit Anda
mengonsumsi makanan yang kaya karbohidrat, maka rasa kantuk akan
berkurang. Maka pilihan jawaban (C) the less you eat carbohydrate-rich
foods, the less you will feel drowsy merupakan opsi yang tepat.

The text below is for queries 9 to 10

Indonesia is the world’s third-largest coffee producer and exporter, after

Brazil and Vietnam. National coffee output has grown over the past decades,
albeit not in a linear fashion as harvests fluctuate strongly from one year to
another depending on the weather. With per-capita coffee consumption on
the rise both in Indonesia and the wider region, there is obvious room for
further growth, but there is also an obvious need for investment. The capital
required to take Indonesia’s coffee industry to the next level presents
appealing prospects for investors, while the country’s burgeoning coffee
culture also brings opportunities for foreign exporters.

Indonesia’s tropical climate produces almost ideal conditions for planting

coffee. Today, most Indonesian coffee comes from Sumatra, but Sulawesi
and Kalimantan, the Lesser Sunda Islands of Bali, Sumbawa and Flores as
well as the country’s easternmost region of Papua all contribute to national
output. Robusta coffee makes up more than three quarters of Indonesia’s
produce; the remainder is of the milder Arabica type. The numerous coffee-
growing regions in the country produce beans of distinct flavors and
properties, and a number of highland Arabica coffees from Indonesia are
recognized by aficionados the world over.

Indonesian coffee exports rose from 336,840 tonnes (or 5,614,000 60-KG
bags) in crop year 2000/2001 to 656,400 tonnes (10,940,000 bags) in
2012/2013, according to data collated by the International Coffee
Organization. Total production over the same period increased from 419,220
tonnes to 763,800 tonnes. At present, the principal destinations for
Indonesian coffee are the US, Japan and Western Europe (particularly
Germany), but Indonesia is well placed to capitalize on the fast-rising
demand in the ASEAN region and in China.

Indonesian per-capita consumption of around 1.2 kg in 2012 pales against

more than 4 kg in the US, around 7 kg in the world’s number one coffee
producer Brazil and more than 10 kg in various European countries. But with
Indonesian per-capita consumption having already doubled in just a few
years, domestic demand looks to be on a fast growth trend. This puts the
world’s fourth-most populous country on course to become a leading coffee
market. Local demand is driven by the lifestyle changes that accompany
urbanization and economic development. Caffeine consumption tends to
increase when a larger part of the labor force works in an office environment.

(Adapted from www.gbgindonesia.com)

Topic: Extracting Core Information

Subtopic: Summarizing The Passage

9. What is the best summary of the passage?

A. The primary destinations for Indonesian coffee export are the US,
Japan and Western Europe
B. Total production of Indonesian coffee over the same period has
increased
C. Indonesia is well placed to capitalize on the fast-rising demand in the
ASEAN region
D. The various coffee-growing in the country produce beans of distinct
flavors
E. Indonesia’s coffee growing and Indonesia’s coffee industry needs
growth capital

Answer: E

Ringkasan yang tepat dari teks di atas adalah pilihan jawaban

(E) Indonesia’s coffee growing and Indonesia’s coffee industry needs growth
capital yang bermakna “Perkembangan kopi Indonesia dan industri kopi
Indonesia perlu pertumbuhan modal” karena kalimat ini mewakili isi dari teks
di atas sebagaimana yang tercantum di kalimat utama paragraf
pertama “Indonesia is the world’s third-largest coffee producer and exporter,
after Brazil and Vietnam. National coffee output has grown over the past
decades, albeit not in a linear fashion as harvests fluctuate strongly from one
year to another depending on the weather. With per-capita coffee
consumption on the rise both in Indonesia and the wider region, there is
obvious room for further growth, but there is also an obvious need for
investment.”

Topic: Paraphrasing Detailed Information

Subtopic: Understanding Specific Information

10. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 in the passage?

A. The coffee export has decreased in several years

B. Total production deducted from 419,220 tonnes to 763,800 tonnes
C. Indonesian coffee exports increased from 2000/2001 to 2012/2013
D. Indonesia is in a good site to take advantage of fast-rising demand in
ASEAN
E. The US, Japan and Western Europe are the destination for
Indonesian coffee

Answer: C

Dari paragraf ke-3 bisa disimpulkan bahwa ekspor kopi Indonesia telah
meningkat dari tahun 2000/2001 sampai tahun 2012/2013. Ini ada pada awal
kalimat paragraf ke-3 tersebut. Maka pilihan jawaban (C) Indonesian coffee
exports increased from 2000/2001 to 2012/2013 merupakan opsi yang tepat.