Scribd
Upload
118 views6 pages

Mechanical Design of FBR

The document provides details on the mechanical design of a fixed bed reactor, including: The shell has an internal diameter of 1.04m, is made of SS316, and has a thickness of 5mm to withstand a working pressure of 6atm. It also describes the stresses on the reactor shell from internal pressure, weight, and wind load and calculates the total axial stress. Torispherical heads with a thickness of 5mm are used to connect the shell via flanged joints. Details are given on the flanges, bolts, and nozzles.

Uploaded by

cristiano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
118 views6 pages

Mechanical Design of FBR

The document provides details on the mechanical design of a fixed bed reactor, including: The shell has an internal diameter of 1.04m, is made of SS316, and has a thickness of 5mm to withstand a working pressure of 6atm. It also describes the stresses on the reactor shell from internal pressure, weight, and wind load and calculates the total axial stress. Torispherical heads with a thickness of 5mm are used to connect the shell via flanged joints. Details are given on the flanges, bolts, and nozzles.

Uploaded by

cristiano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

2 DETAILED MECHANICAL DESIGN OF FIXED BED REACTOR

SHELL
Internal Diameter 1.04m
Material Of Construction SS316
Working Pressure 6atm
Design Pressure 6.6atm
Working Temperature 159°C
Design Temperature 250°C
Permissible Stress 980 kg/cm^2
Modulus Of Elasticity 19.5*10^5 kg/cm^2

Thickness Of Shell=ts= P*D/2*f*n-P = 5mm

The different types of stresses are to be tested in order to know the total stress on the reactor.
a. Circumferential Stress:
𝑃(𝐷𝑖+𝑡𝑠)
Ft= = 8171 kg/cm^2
2𝑡𝑠

b. Axial Stress:
i) Due to internal pressure

𝑃∗𝐷
F1= 4∗𝑡𝑠 = 4069 kg/cm^2

ii) Due to weight of vessel & contents


𝑊
F2=𝜋𝑡𝑠(𝐷+𝑡𝑠)

Where, W = weight of vessel & contents


W = π× D× H ×ts ×ρ × 1.2 + weight of Catalyst

F2= 265.6 kg/cm^2

iii) Due To Wind Load


0.7 𝑃𝑤(𝐷+𝑡𝑠)𝐻^2
M= 2

Assume, wind pressure = 130 kg/m^2

M= 818630 Kg-m

F3= M/(π*D^2*ts) = 19 kg/cm^2


Total Axial Stress= F1+F2+F3=4353.6 kg/cm^2

c. Due To Offset Piping

It is Assumed to be Approximately 2 Kg/cm^2

Fr=7081 kg/cm^2

HEAD
Type Of Head Torispherical
Internal Diameter 1.04
MOC SS316
Design pressure 66 Kg/cm^2
Permissible stress 980 Kg/cm^2
Thickness Oh Head 5mm

Torishperical heads are connected at top and bottom by means of a flanged joint.
The thickness of the torispherical head is given as
𝑃 𝑅𝑐 𝑊
tn= 2𝐹𝑛
Rc=D

R1= 0.01 *Rc

W= 1.54

Now,

tn= 5mm

FLANGES
Material Stainless Steel
Permissible Stress 980 kg/cm^2
Gasket Material Stainless Steel
Gasket Thickness 10mm
Seating Stress For Stainless Steel 710 kg/cm^2
Gasket Factor 4.25
Bolt Area 238.1cm^2

The flanges are made up of stainless steel.

External diameter is given below.

= 1.0048
Gi=D =1.023m

G0= 1.028m

The effective seating width is


b = 14mm

Under atmospheric conditions bolt load due to gasket reaction is given by:

G=(Go+Gi)*0.5=1.025m

Wm1=Ag*Ya= π b G Ya= 3.2 *10^5 kg

Wm2= 0.27*10^5 kg

The total bolt area is calculated on the basis of the greater load

Ab= Wm1/F= 238.1 cm^2

where, f is the permissible stress in bolt =1344 kg/cm^2

BOLTS
Material Carbon steel IS-Gr 70
Permissible Stress 1150 kg/cm^2
Number Of Bolts 41
Bolt Diameter 18cm

Number of Bolts can be calculated using this formula.

N= Mean Gasket Diamter(in cm)/2.5 = 41

Ab=πd^2*0.25

d=18cm= Bolt Diameter

Pitch Circle Diameter (B) = Go+ 2db + 12 mm= 1.04m

External Flange Diameter (A) = B + 2db= 1.05m


Wm= 3.47*10^6 kg

hg= Radial Distance From Gasket Load Reaction To Basket Circle = 0.5*(B-G)= 7.5mm

Total Hydrostatic End Force= H =π*0.25*G^2*P= 5.45*10^4 Kg

K=1.02

tf=225mm

NOZZLES
The thickness for all nozzles is taken to be thickness of shell
Thus ,

tn= 5mm

Material SS316
Thickness 5mm
The nozzles provided are as follows:

NOZZLE NUMBER SIZE IN mm


Gas Inlet at Bottom 1 150
Gas Outlet at Top 1 150
Manhole 1 200
Temperature Sensor 1 25
Pressure Sensor 1 25
Solid Catalyst Discharge 1 100
Pressure Relief Valve 1 25

= 4.13 mm
Area for the compensation:
Maximum horizontal distance for compensation = 300 mm
Maximum vertical distance for compensation = 7 x 5 = 35 mm
Area to be compensated = Dn × th’= 28 x 4.13= 116 mm2

1) Area available for compensation:


The portion of the head as excess thickness Ah = Dn (th – th’)
Where, th’ = theoretical head thickness required = 25 mm
th = Actual head thickness used =28 mm
Dn = Diameter of nozzle = 200 mm
Ah = 200 x (5 – 4.2) = 160 mm 2
2) Area of compensation provided by the nozzle An = 2 x Ho x (tn - tn’)
Where,
tn = Actual thickness of nozzle used = 5 mm
tn’ = Nozzle thickness required theoretically = 4.4 mm
Ho = 2.5 x 5 = 12.5 mm
An = 15 mm2
Since, Ah + An = 175 mm2 > A
No stiffening ring to be provided.

You might also like