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Chapter 1-Wps Office

The document discusses fractions and their uses. It defines fractions as representing a part of a whole, with the numerator showing how many parts and the denominator showing how many parts make up the whole. There are two types of fractions: proper fractions which are less than one whole, and improper fractions which are equal to or greater than one whole. The document provides examples and strategies for comparing and arranging fractions, including comparing numerators and denominators, using cross products, and estimating based on whether the numerator is less than, equal to, or greater than half the denominator. Real-world applications of fractions in fields like construction, cooking, and engineering are also mentioned.

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334 views

Chapter 1-Wps Office

The document discusses fractions and their uses. It defines fractions as representing a part of a whole, with the numerator showing how many parts and the denominator showing how many parts make up the whole. There are two types of fractions: proper fractions which are less than one whole, and improper fractions which are equal to or greater than one whole. The document provides examples and strategies for comparing and arranging fractions, including comparing numerators and denominators, using cross products, and estimating based on whether the numerator is less than, equal to, or greater than half the denominator. Real-world applications of fractions in fields like construction, cooking, and engineering are also mentioned.

Uploaded by

Antisec Faceless
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 1

The first among the list of our priorities in life is to have our own house. We are

working hard to attain this goal. What part of your earnings do you allot as savings

to realize this goal? What percent of your dream house is the size of the bedroom?

If you intend to have a garden in front, what part of your garden has flowering

plants?

Fractions, decimals and percent are three of the most important components of

the Real Number System. These will provide us a complete idea on going through

the solutions of certain concepts that we encounter everyday. Students learn to see the

connections between the relationship of a part from a whole in different perspective

How these numbers are applied in the business world, will surely be dealt with

in this chapter.

CHAPTER 1.1 FRACTIONS

 Define and illustrate fractions;


 Differentiate the types of fractions;
 Arrange fractions in a definite order;
 Answer questions involving fractions.

The word "fraction" actually comes from the Latin word "fractio" which means to

break. Fraction as we all know is one of the most confusing part of basic mathematics

but, on the other hand is one of me most important concept needed in our everyday

lives. Carpenter, cook, fisherman, farmers, drivers, engineer, etc. need to fully

understand this concept for an effective application on what they are intend to do.

How much gravel, what part must the sand be, and how many bags of cement must be

mixed up to produce a concrete that can withstand the anticipated calamities?

What part of a chocolate mixture is sugar if you intend to produce something that
can also be enjoyed by both children and adults?

Fractions represent a part of the whole. The Numerator shows how many parts of the whole were taken,
while the denominator shows into how many

parts a whole is divided, 2/5 means one-whole is

divided into 5 parts and 2 parts out of 5 were taken. 2

Types of Fractions

1. Proper - if the fraction is less than one-whole.

2/5, 1/8, 9/13 are examples of proper fractions.

The numerator of a proper fraction is always smaller

than its denominator.

2. Improper - if the fraction is equal to one or

more than one.

4/4, 3/4 are examples of improper fractions -> 4/4

The numerator of an improper fraction is either

equal or more than its denominator. 2/2 and 1/2 = 3/2

I. Comparing/Arranging Fractions

How are fractions compared?

1. Comparing Fractions with the same Denoininators

Arrange from biggest to smallest: 7/6, 2/6, 1/6

Since a whole is divided equally into 6 parts


We can see that the bigger the numerator, (the amount taken), the bigger the fraction

become. Hence, the arrangement is: 7/6, 2/6, 1/6

II. Comparing Fractions with the same Numerators

Arrange from descending order: 5/6, 5/3, 5/8

Hence, the arrangement is 5/3, 5/6, 5/8.

From the second case, notice that the fraction with the smallest denominator is the

biggest.

III. Fractions with no Similarities

Example 1 Arrange in ascending order: 3/8, 6/7, 5/9, 4/3

Use estimation to arrange these fractions by comparing the numerator and denominator

of the fraction.

Remember that,

 If the numerator is exactly half of the denominator, the fraction is exactly equal to one-half
 If the numerator is less than half of the denominator, the fraction is less than one-half
 If the numerator is more than half of the denominator, the fraction is more than one-half
 If the numerator is almost equal to the denominator, the fraction is almost equal to one
 If the numerator is more than the denominator, the fraction is more than one

Let us analyze the fractions in example 1:

3/8 is less than one-half, 6/7 is almost one,

5/9 is a bit more than one-half, while 4/3 is more than one.

Hence, the arrangement in ascending order: 3/8, 5/9, 6/7, 4/3


Alternative Strategy:

Comparing fractions through its cross product.

Compare and 5/9 and 6/7.

5/9 6/7

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