your family who do not live with you? for food?

for food? When do babies start eating and what do they eat
SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY Whom do I look like? other than milk?
SYLLABUS GUIDELINES Do some of your relatives look similar? Which features are What animals eat
Based on CBSE, ICSE & GCSE Syllabus & NCF similar – eyes, ears, the voice or height? Are there any two Do animals eat the same things? What do different animals
guidelines devised by NCERT people in your family who look exactly alike? eat? Do you feed the animals around you - what? What do
Old and the physically challenged they take from your house even when not fed?
CLASS I Do you know of people who are hard of hearing? Are many
1. About Plants of them old? Do you have any friends who cannot hear/see 3. Shelter
well? Is there any way in which you may have helped Houses and houses
What are their types, how do they grow, what
them? Are there any sounds you like but others/elders do Have you seen - a house on stilts, a tent, a flat on the tenth
they give us. How they are useful to us. What
not? floor, a house on wheels or a house on a boat?
are major parts of plants, seed, flower, leaves.
Which animals you have seen? Which have you only Do you know anyone living in such houses? Why do
2. About Animals
heard about? Which animals have tails? How many legs? people use such houses?
World of animals, types of animals, what they
1.2 PLANTS
eat, where they live, what are their groups called,
what are the names of their home, how they Plants around us Decorating and cleaning our shelter
grow. How many different kinds of plants do you see around you? How do you decorate your shelter? Do you draw designs
3. Air What are the differences you notice? What things around on your walls/ floor or decorate with leaves/flowers/other
you are made of plants? objects? How do you keep your house clean? Do you also
What is Air, why it is necessary, fun with air,
what can we do with air. Is there a plant in your area that was not there when your help in cleaning? Who mops and sweeps it? Where do you
grandparents were young? throw the garbage? Do you have any problems living in
4. Water
Do you know of some plants which do not grow around your house during rains, summer or winter? Have you seen
Why we need water. What are the work where
you, say things that we eat and not grown around you? houses with sloping roofs? Why are they made sloping?
we use water. Forms of water.
Leaves in our lives My family and other animals
5. Weather
What different kinds of leaves do you see? Do you use Who all live with you? Which animals live with you.
Day and night, Sunny day, Cold day, Rainy day,
plant leaves to eat on? In what other ways are leaves used? Which are the biggest and the smallest animals living in
Summer, Monsoon.
Is there some time of the year when lots of leaves fall to the your house? From where do they get their food? Where in
6. Sky & Space your house do these animals live? Which of them are seen
ground? Are they burnt? Have you seen a compost pit?
General idea about Sun, Moon, Stars. Indian only at night?
What leaf motifs do you find on clothes, pots, walls,
people at moon and space. Mapping my neighbourhood
animals, etc.? Do you decorate your house with leaves on
7. Our needs & habits some occasions? How big is your school? What kind of a building is it?
What we need to keep ourselves healthy : 1.3 ANIMALS Can you draw a picture of your school and your classroom
Cleanliness, good food, exercise, walk, clothing ? Do you know your way around your neighbour-hood?
Animals: small and big
etc. What good habits we should follow. Can we explain to someone how to reach the post office or
Which are the smallest and the biggest animals you have the bus stand from our house?
8. Safety First
seen? Which have you only heard about? Which animals
Precautions to take while on Roads, while 4. Water
have tails? How many legs?
playing outdoor games, when at home. Water for my family
Some creepy crawlies – and flyers too
What are the main sources of water in your locality? Who
What different kinds of small crawling animals do you
CLASS II fetches the water and from how far? Do all the people in
know? Where and from what does each of them hide?
Plants your locality use the same source of water?
Which insects can crawl and also fly? Which ones bite us?
About Plants, Herbs, Shrubs, Trees, Life of Plants Can flies make us ill? Why does a spider make a web? Are some people not allowed to take water from where you
what we get from plants. take it? From where do you get water? Does it look clean
Birds
enough for drinking?
Animal Which are the birds you see around your area? Do they like
Do animals and plants need water?
About different types of animals, household/pet ani- some trees more than others? What do they eat? Can you
mals, wild animals, behaviour of animals, young ones recognize birds by their feathers? What happens if plants and animals do not get water – how
of different animals. do you see that a plant or animal is thirsty? Do all animals/
What are the different sounds they make?
plants need the same amount of water? Which plants/
Air Around us Are they saying something to each other? Are there some animals need the least?
Air, features of air, what moving air can do, simple birds that come from other places?
Water shortage
experiments of air. Do you feed any birds or place water for them?
When is it difficult to get water? Are there some people in
Water 1.4 WORK AND PLAY your area who always face water shortage? What would
How water is useful, how water moves in nature - Work around me happen if we had no water? Have you seen water being
water cycle, work that moving water can do. What are the different kinds of work done around me? wasted – how? How can we avoid it? Do you reuse water?
Up is the sky What work does my mother/ father/ brother/ sister etc. do? Water in our lives
Basic knowledge about Sun, Moon and stars, Indian What work do I do? What work do others do? When I am Which of your daily activities use water? Do you and
astronauts. not working what do I do? When my father/ mother is not others you know wash your hands and feet before you enter
Our Body working what do they do? the house? Why do you think this is done?
Various parts of our body. What work they do. How Working children Can you describe the scene of a rainy day – with details
to keep our body parts clean; bones and muscles. What kind of work was done by children when your about birds, animals, plants and yourself.
Food and Nutrition grandparents were young? Has that changed today? Who Storing water
are the children you know who work and go to school/ who
What we should eat. Which food is good. Good food How do you store water in your home? Do you collect
work and cannot go to school?
habits. rainwater - how? How much water do you store every day?
Games we play About how much do you use for drinking or bathing? In
Safety and First-Aid
What games do I play? Did my grandparents play the same what kinds of containers do you store water for drinking/
Safety rules to be followed on roads, while playing.
games? Are these indoor/outdoor? washing/or for animals? What are the containers made of?
What to do when injured. Precaution while playing
indoor games. 2. Food If the water is at the same level in a narrow and a broad
Foods from plants and animals container does it mean they contain the same amount of
Which of these is food – red ants, bird’s nests, snakes, water?
CLASS III
bananas, goat’s milk, etc.? What plants do you eat - what 5. Travel
1. Family and Friends
parts of the plant? What food do we take from animals? Going places
1.1 RELATIONSHIPS
Cooking Has your family travelled together to another place? Where
My family
What do you eat that is not cooked? What is eaten only and what for? How did you go?
Who all live with you at home? How are they related to when cooked? How do you cook food? What do you cook How long did it take? How far did your grandparents (or
each other? Do you have relatives who do not live with it on? What are the different kinds of vessels used for other elderly persons) travel when they were young? How
you? Have they always been there?How many children cooking? What are they made of? Is water used in all forms did people travel in those times? How do people travel
did your grand parents have? of cooking? Which food is cooked without using water? today in the desert, hilly areas, on sea, etc.
Who do you think will be your new relatives in future? How? Ways to travel
My family and me Eating in the family How do we go to school? How do we travel to other
Do you look like anybody in your family? Have you learnt Do all members of the family eat the same food in your places? How many different ways have we travelled? How
anything from anybody in your family? Whom do you family? Who eats more? Who eats last in your family? many different ways of travel do we know of?
admire most among all your relatives? Who is the most Who buys the food and what is bought from the market? Have you been to a railway station? What all do you seen
caring and patient person? When do you meet members of Who cooks the food in your family? What do babies have

[1]
there? Who are the people who work at the station and on Why do bees/butterflies come to flowers? How do people and who does not? How can we ensure that this water is
the train? How did people travel in the past? collect the honey from bee hives? not made dirty?
Talking without speaking Long ears or short? Do you find factories/ people dumping garbage or harmful
If I cannot speak, how do I tell people what I want to say? Which animals have ears? Which animals have hair on materials into rivers or seas? Are some animals also facing
their body? problems due to what we do to the rivers or seas?
Mailing a letter
1.4 PLANTS Our river/sea
What happens when I post a letter? How does it reach my
friend? Who are the people who help to do this? Are there Roots of plants Which is the river closest to our locality? Do we find any
any other ways of sending a message? How was a letter change in the water flow in different seasons? Which are the
Do all plants need water to grow? Which part of the plant
sent in the past? big rivers we know of? Have you seen the sea? Which are
absorbs water from the soil? When you tug at grass, why
the animals found in the sea/river?
6. Things we Make and Do does it not come out easily? Why do plants/trees not get
uprooted when there is a strong wind? Which roots are Water vanishes when heated?
Pottery
What kinds of pots do we see around us? What containers eaten by people during famine when nothing else grows? Why do puddles dry? In which season do wet clothes dry
Flowers easily? When do they dry with difficulty?
are used to store grain? What kinds of containers did
people make long, long back with rings of clay- when they Which plants around us have flowers? Do they come only Have you seen and wondered where water droplets on the
did not have a potter’s wheel? Can you make such pots and at some times of the year? How is the bud different from the outside of a cold glass of water come from?
dry them in the sun – how long do you think these will flower? What are the different kinds of flowers we have seen 5. TRAVEL
last? How does the potter bake them? – shapes, colours, petals, aroma, etc? What do we use Animals for transport
Textiles flowers for? Do you eat any flower? Have you seen flowers
Have you travelled on a tonga / horse carriage? How is it
motif painted on clothes, walls, floors, pots, animals?
In how many different ways can you wear a long cloth that different from travelling on a bus? Are the horses well
is not stitched? How many kinds of sarees or lungis have Who sells flowers in our area? Where do these come from? looked after? Have you seen a horseshoe? Why is it used?
you seen worn by people from different parts of the country? How are flowers sold - for how much? What materials have you seen being transported using
How many different colours do we know of – how many Whom do trees belong to? animals? Are there any special occasions when you ride on
new ones can we create? What are fast colours and what Which plants/trees around you are looked after by people – animals?
problems do we face when colours run? How do we make by whom? Which are not? Whom do they belong to? Paying for travel
our own vegetable block prints and tie and dye? Who eats the fruit of trees that grow wild? How do you pay for travel by train/bus/boat etc? Who
2. FOOD issues/checks the bus /rail ticket? Which currency notes
CLASS IV How we get our food and coins have you seen? Pictures of which animals can we
see on a ten rupee note? Which symbol is found on every
1. Family and Friends How does food reach us? Who grows it? How you seen
coin? How many scripts can you recognise on a note?
1.1 RELATIONSHIPS vegetables and fruits growing? Have you seen plants of
rice/ wheat/ dal etc? What are the spices do you know? Who is the person whose face is shown on every currency
Your mother as a child note?
Which spices can we recognize by smelling or tasting.
When your mother was your age who were the relatives she What coins/notes did our grandparents use when they were
Special occasions
lived with? young?
When do many people eat together? What food is eaten?
Where do babies come from? Travel to another place
Who cooks it? How is it served?
Have you seen a newborn baby - where did she come from? Do you know anyone who has travelled very far from your
Does you get a mid day meal in school? - What items?
Where does the puppy/ kitten/ calf/ chick come from? Do village/city? Why did they go so far? What are they doing
you know of people who are looking after/ have adopted a Who provides the mid day
there? How do they travel when they visit your family?
child? meal?
6. Things We Make And Do
My extended family Tongue and Teeth
Building materials and tools
Are there things you learn from your family members? How do we taste different foods? How do teeth help us to
eat – are all teeth similar? Which teeth have I dropped and How are bricks made? What tools have you seen being
What? Do you do anything different from other members of used for making a wall or a house?
your family? Do all your family members live with you all how are the new ones different?
the time? When do Teeth, beaks and claws Is there a bridge to cross while coming to school? What
kinds of bridges have we seen and where? How many kinds
you meet members of your family who do not live with Are the teeth of other animals similar to ours? Can we tell of bridges can we make?
you? What festivals do you celebrate what birds eat by looking at their beaks? Are the claws of
together? birds also different? Is their shape related to the food they
eat? CLASS V
Feeling around with eyes shut
3. SHELTER 1. Family and Friends
With your eyes and ears closed can you identify the people/
animals living with you merely by Houses then and now 1.1 RELATIONSHIPS
Do you live in houses similar to ones your grandparents Family tree
touching/smelling? By touching can you tell if anything is
cold/hot, wet/ dry, smooth/rough, sticky/slippery, soft/ lived in ? Are houses now made of similar materials as was Can you make a family tree with as many of your relatives
hard? Are there some things which you are not allowed to used then? What are the differences? you can get information about?
touch? Do you feel uncomfortable when some people touch Garbage? Who are the relatives whom you have never seen? Where
you? What do you do with waste in your house? Where do you do they live?
1. 2 Work and play throw it? Do you reuse any waste materials? Who takes Shifting from place to place
Fun and fights at play! Do you play the same games at away the garbage? Have you always lived at the place that you now live in? If
school that you play at home? What things do you use to Where animals live not, where does your family come from?
play with? Does the school provide these? Do you fight Do animals live in shelters? Which animals live in water? Who laughs the loudest?
while you play? How do you decide the rules for the On land? Underground? Are there any animals that we see Who is the tallest/shortest in the family? Who has the
games? Does anyone stop you from playing? Who and only at night? Where do they go during the day? Do we longest hair? How long? Who has the loudest voice/laugh
why? Do you play with every child (boys and girls) in know of animals that make their own shelter? in the house? From how far away can you hear it? Who
your neighbourhood? Are you stopped from playing with
When birds make nests speaks the softest? When does a child cry the loudest?
certain children?
When and why do birds make their shelter? Do all birds When she is hungry-or angry? Who is the best cook in the
How they learnt their skills make nests? Where do different birds nest - when do they family?
In your area do you know the people who do the following: fly away? Our likes and dislikes
make pots/stitch clothes/ make shoes/cure people/ build
With what different materials do birds make their nests? Which is your favourite colour? Which is your friend’s
bridges/ embroider/fly planes/ repair cycles/ drive buses,
Mapping our neighbourhood favourite colour? Which is your favourite food? What about
etc? How well do you know them – their names, family your friends favourite food? Do you know your friends’
etc? What tools do they use for their work? Who are my neighbors? Do I have any of the following
likes and dislikes? Are there any smells you don’t like
Where did they learn how to do these things? near my house – a school, grocery shop, market, well, river
or pond? Where are they with respect to your house? (fish, mustard oils, garlic, eggs etc) ? Do you eat fish?
Fun at the fair/Circus Feeling to read
4. WATER
Have you been to a fair or a circus? Which is the item you Do you know how people read with their hands? Do you
liked best – was it a ride, a game, something you saw/ate/ Water fit for drinking
know someone who finds it difficult to walk/ speak/see
bought? When do you fly kites? What are the major natural sources of water in your area? Is etc.? How do you think they learn to overcome the
How do you make them fly? the water fit for drinking – do you clean it at home? Do you problem?
know how dirty water can make you ill? Why do we not
1.3 Animals drink sea water? How is salt separated from sea water? 1.2 WORK AND PLAY
Animals and their friends Team games – your heroes
Water sources
Which animals like to move around in groups? Which Where do you see large amounts of water in your Do you play any games in teams? Have you ever been
animals are shy and do not come near you? Have you seen captain of the team? Do boys and girls play together? Have
neighbourhood? Is it a tank/pond/canal/river/ dam? What
animals playing with or riding on different animals? you heard of any Indian team playing in another country?
do men/ women/children/animals do with the water there?
Who is attracted to flowers? Is it used for bathing / washing? Who bathes/washes there Which

[2]
is your favourite team sport? Do you know any National What did people grow earlier?
level player? Have you heard of people traveling in a spacecraft?
Did your grandparents or any elderly person eat the same
Local games/martial arts food you eat today? Do all of us eat the same kind of food? Oldest buildings
What are the local games/ martial arts of your area? Do you Why do Is there any well-known monument/historical place in your
know someone who is good at them? Have you seen a we eat different kinds of food? area that people come to visit? What are the oldest buildings
young around your area? Have you traveled far to see any historical
When people do not get food
monuments?
acrobat or wrestler practicing? Who taught them? For how Do you know of times when many people do not get
long have they learnt the art/game? What are the new Have you heard of those personalities who lived in these
enough food to eat? Have you seen where extra grain is
games in your area that were not played earlier? monuments or who built these?
stored?
What do you do in the evenings for leisure? What if there How do you know when you are hungry?
is no TV? Who decides what programmes to watch? 6. Things we Make and Do
Do you know of people who get ill because they do not
Blow hot blow cold have enough to eat? Growing Food
How many times do you breathe in a minute – on sitting Our mouth – tastes and even digests food! How do we grow food? What tools do we use for preparing
still, just after a run? How much can you expand your chest the field? For cutting and harvesting? For cutting and
How do we taste food? What happens in the mouth to the
by breathing cooking different vegetables/ dishes?
food we eat? Why do we give glucose to patients? What is
deeply? Can you make a glass cloudy by blowing on it? glucose? How do we water the crops? How do we lift water through
How do you blow to make something cold? Do you also a pump or a waterwheel? Can we make a water wheel,
Food for plants?
blow to keep a fire going? sprinkler, etc.?
What do plants need for food? Do you know of any plants
Clean work – dirty work?
that eat insects? What do animals eat? Do all animals eat
Can you list ten different types of work that people do for CLASS VI
the same
you. In this list what work is seen as dirty and what is seen 1. Food
food? Do animals eat other animals?
as clean?
3. Shelter Sources of food
What would happen if there were no one to - clean our
Why different houses What are the various sources of our food?
streets/our
Why do you have different kind of houses in different What do other animals eat?
home/clear the garbage?
places? Different houses in the same place? Components of food
1.3 ANIMALS
A shelter for everyone? What is our food made up of? Why do we eat a variety
How animals find their food?
Does everyone have a shelter to live in? Why do people of food?
If you leave some food outside your house do some animals
live together in villages, hamlets, colonies, Cleaning food
take it away? How do they find it? Do these animals also
neighbourhoods?
hear/speak/ see/smell/ eat/ sleep? How do we separate the grains after harvesting the wheat
Ants live in colonies? / rice crop?
What we take from animals?
Do you know how bees/ ants live together in colonies? 2. Materials
What animal products do we use for clothing, shelter, etc.?
Times of emergency
Why is the tiger in danger? Materials of daily use
Have you heard of houses being damaged by floods/
Why do people kill wild animals? Which are the animals What are our clothes made of ? How did people manage
earthquakes/ cyclones/fires/storms/
that are poached? when there were no clothes?
lightening? What would it have felt like? Who are the
People who depend on animals Are some of our clothes made of materials obtained from
people who come to help? What can you do to help others
Do you know people who catch/trap/hunt/ entertain using before the doctor comes? Where can we look for help at plants?
animals? Have you seen how snake such times? Who runs such institutions? In what kinds of places do these plants grow?
charmers/gujjars depend on animals? 4. Water Which parts of the plants are used for making clothes?
What do you understand by cruelty to animals? Do you Water from where in earlier times? Different kinds of materials
think a snake charmer is cruel to the snake?
From where and how far did your grandparents get water? What kinds of things do we see around us?
Have you seen scenes of hunting in rock paintings or on How far do you have to go for water? What are underground How things change/react with one another
ancient seals?
wells/’baolis’? Do you still see them being used? Have In what ways do things change on being heated? Do
1.4 PLANTS you seen a ‘piaao’? they change back on being cooled? Why does a burning
Growing plants Water flow candle get shorter?
How does a plant grow from a seed? Can you grow a plant From where do farmers get water to grow crops? Do all How much salt can be dissolved in a cup of water?
without seeds? How do you grow mangoes/potatoes? Where crops need the same amount of water? Have you seen water
does the seed come from? Have you seen seeds that fly/ 3. The World of the Living
flowing upwards? What are the different ways in which you
stick to your clothes/drift in the water? have seen water being lifted? How is flowing water used to Things around us
Forests and forest people grind grain? Are all things around us living? What is the difference
Have you seen or heard about a forest? How do people live Plants and animals in water between living and non-living? Are all living things
in forests? How is their life threatened by forests being cut? What kinds of animals and plants live in water? Are there similar? Do all living things move?
What kinds of foods do they collect from the plants there? weeds that are covering your pond/ lake/ river? Can you Where do plants and animals live? Can we grow plants
What leaves are used for eating on? classify all the animals you see around you to show which in the dark?
Do your parents remember places with trees/forests where ones live in water and which live on land? The habitat of the living
there are none today? Why were the trees cut and what is What floats, sinks or mixes? How does habitat affect plants and animals? How do fish
there today?
Have you ever seen anything floating in water? Can you live in water?
Protected trees classify as many things around you to see which float, Plants - form and function
Have you heard of a park/sanctuary? Who looks after it? which sink and which mix with water? Does oil mix with
Does anybody own it? water? What are the similarities and differences in water, What is the structure and function of various parts of the
oil, milk, cold drink, etc.? How do we measure these? plants - stem, leaf and roots? How do different flowers
Have you seen a place where trees are worshiped or protected
differ from one another? How does one study flowers?
by the villagers? Is there any way to reduce the mosquitoes in water? Have
Plants that have come from far you heard of malaria? In what season do you find more Animals - form and function
Does tea come from a plant? Where did people first grow people getting ill with malaria? What is inside jour bodies? How do animals move? Do
tea and what does the plant look like? Does it grow only in 5. Travel all animals have bones in their bodies? How do fishes
some places/climates? What did people drink when there Petrol or diesel move? And birds fly? What about snakes, snails,
was no tea in India? earthworms?
Do all vehicles need petrol to run on? What other fuels do
2. Food you know that are used for vehicles? What do trains run 4. Moving Things, People and Ideas
When food gets spoilt on? In the past what did they run on? What do tractors use Moving
How does food spoil? How do we know that food is spoilt? as fuel? For what other purposes are petrol and diesel used? How did people travel from one place to another in
Which food spoil sooner than Find out the cost of a litre of petrol/diesel in your area? Do earlier times? How did they know how far they had
others? What can we do to prevent food from getting spoilt? all vehicles run an equal distance on a litre of fuel? travelled?
What do we do to keep it fresh during travel? Why do we Rough and tough How do we know that something is moving?
need to preserve food? Do you leave food in your plate? Have you seen or been to a mountain? How and why do How do we know how far it has moved?
Who produces the food we eat? you think people make such difficult trips? How do you
5. How things work
think they train for it?
Do you know of different kinds of farmers? Do all farmers Electric current and circuits
own their land? How do farmers get the seeds they plant Ride on a spacecraft
What all do you see in the sky – at day time? And at night? How does a torch work?
every year? What else besides seeds is required for a crop to
grow? How many of the things you see in the sky are man-made? Do all materials allow current to flow through them?

[3]
Magnets blood red? Do all animals have blood? What is there in 3. The World of the Living
What is a magnet? urine? Why conserve
Where on a magnet do things stick? Multiplication in plants What are reserve forests/sanctuaries etc? How do we keep
How is a magnet used to find direction? Why are some plant parts like potato, onion swollen - are track of our plants and animals? How do we know that
they of any use to the plants? What is the function of some species are in danger of disappearing?
How do two magnets behave when brought close to each flowers?
other? What would happen if you continuously cut trees?
How are fruits and seed formed? How are they dispersed? The cell
6. Natural Phenomena
4. Moving Things, People and Ideas What is the internal structure of a plant what will we see if
Rain, thunder and lightning
Moving objects we look under the microscope? Which cells from our bodies
Where does rain come from? How do clouds form?
Why do people feel the need to measure time? can be easily seen? Are all cells similar?
Light
How do we know how fast something is moving? How babies are formed
Which are the things we can see through?
5. How Things Work How do babies develop inside the mother? Why does our
When are shadows formed? Do you get a shadow at body change when we reach our teens? How is the sex of
Electric current and circuits
night - when there is no light in the room, moonlight the child determined? Who looks after the babies in your
or other source of light? What colour is a shadow? How can we conveniently represent an electric circuit?
homes? Do all animals give birth to young ones?
On what kinds of surfaces can we see images? Why does a bulb get hot?
4. Moving things, People and Ideas
7. Natural Resources How does a fuse work?
Idea of force
Importance of water How does the current in a wire affect the direction of a
What happens when we push or pull anything?
compass needle?
What will happen to soil, people, domestic animals, How can we change the speed, direction of a moving object?
rivers, ponds and plants and animals if it does not rain What is an electromagnet?
How can we change the shape of an object?
this year? How does an electric bell work?
Friction
What ; will happen to soil, people, domestic animals, 6. Natural Phenomena
What makes a ball rolling on the ground slow down?
plants and animals living in rivers and points, if it rains Rain, thunder and lightning
heavily? Pressure
What causes storms? What are the effects of storms? Why
Importance of air are roofs blown off? Why are needles made pointed? Why does a balloon burst
if too much air is blown into it? Why does an inverted
Why do earthworms come out of the soil when it rains? Light
glass/bottle/pitcher resist being pushed down into water?
Waste Can we see a source of light through a bent tube? How can air/liquids exert pressure?
Do you throw away fruit and vegetable peels and cuttings? How can we throw sunlight on a wall? Sound
Can these be reused? If we dump them anywhere, will What things given image that are magnified or diminished How do we communicate through sound? How is sound
it harm the surroundings? What if we throw them in in size? produced? What characterises different sounds?
plastic bags?
How can we make a coloured disc appear white? 5. How Thing Work
7. Natural Resources Electric current and circuits
CLASS VII
Scarcity of water Why do we get a shock when we touch an electric appliance
Questions
Where and how do you get water for your domestic needs? with wet hands?
1. Food
Is it enough? Is there rough water for agricultural needs? What happens to a conducting solution when electric current
Sources of food What happens to plants when there is not enough water for flows through it?
What are the various sources of our food? plants? Where does a plant go when it dies?
How can we coat an object with a layer of metal?
Utilisation of food Forest products
6. Natural Phenomena
How do plants and animals utilise their food? What are the products we get from forests? Do other animals
Rain, thunder and lightning
2. Materials also benefit from forests?What will happen if forests
disappear? What is lightning? What safety measures should we take
Materials of daily use
against lightning strikes?
Do some of our clothes come from animal sources? Waste Management
Light
Which are these animals? Where does dirty water from your house go? Have you
seen a drain? Does the water stand in it sometimes? does What are the differences between the image formed on a
Who rears them? new utensil and an old one? Why is there this difference?
this have any harmful effect?
Which part of the animals yield the yarn? How is the yarn
extracted? When you see your image in the mirror it appears as if the
CLASS VIII
What kinds of clothes help us to keep warm? left is on the right why?
What is heat? Food
Why don’t we see images on all surfaces around us?
What is the meaning of ‘cool’/’cold’ and ‘warm’ hot? Crop production
What makes things visible?
How does heat flow from/to our body to / from the Crop production : How are different food crops produced?
How do we see image of our back in a mirror?
surroundings? What are the various foods we get from animal sources?
Why do we sometimes see colours on oil films on water?
Different kinds of materials Micro-organism
What is inside our eye that enables us to see?
Why does turmeric stain become red on applying soap? What living organisms do we see under a microscope in a
drop of water? What helps make curd? How does food to Why are some people unable to see?
How things change/react with one another
bad? How do we preserve food? Night sky
What gets deposited on a tawa/khurpi/kudal if left in a
2. Materials What do we see in the sky at night? How can we identify
moise state?
Materials in daily life stars and planets?
Why does the exposed surface of a cut brinjal become
black? Are some of our clothes synthetic? How are they made? Earthquakes
Why is seawater salty? Is it possible to separate salt from Where do the raw materials come from? What happens during an earthquake? What can we do to
seawater? Do we use other materials that are synthetic? minimise its effects?
3. The World of the Living Do we use cloth (fabric) for purposes other than making 7. Natural Resources
Surroundings affect the living clothes to wear? What kind of fabric do we see around us? Man’s intervention in phenomena of nature
Why are nights cooler? How does having winters and What are they used for? What do we do with wood?
summers affect soil? Are all soils similar? Can we make a Different kinds of materials and their reaction. What if we had no wood?
pot similar? Can we make a pot with sand? Is soil similar Can a wire be drawn out of wood? What will happen it we go on cutting trees / grass without
when you dig into the ground? What happens to water limit?
Do copper or aluminium also rust like iron?
when it falls on the cemented/bare ground?
What is the black material inside a pencil? What do we do with coal and petroleum?
The breath of life
Why are electrical wires made of aluminium or copper? Can we create coal and petroleum artificially?
Why do we/animals breathe? Do plants also breathe? Do
How things change/react with one another Pollution of air and water
they also respire? How do plants / animals live in water?
What happens to the wax when a candle is burnt? Is it What are the various activities by human beings that make
Movement of substances
possible to get this wax back? air impure?
How does water move in plants? How is food transported
What happens to kerosene/natural gas when it is burnt? Does clear, transparent water indicate purity?
in plants?
Why do animals drink water? Why do we sweat? Why Which fuel is the best? Why?
and how is there blood in all part of the body? Why is

[4]
 Acids, Bases & salts hormones and animals
CLASS IX
Chemical properties of acids & Bases i. To observe reflex action in one’s body
Matter in our surroundings –
Common properties of acids & bases ii. To observe the functioning of taste buds.
Characteristics and states of matter, Change of state and
i. Identification of Acids & bases using different indi- iii. To study parts of brain with the help of model/
Evaporation
cators. chart.
The fundamental unit of Life – Structure of a cell, cell
ii. Passing CO2 through Ca(OH)2 solution. iv. To study tropism in plants.
organelles
iii. Reaction of Metal carbonates and bicarbonates with v. To study Endocrine glands in man with the help of
Motion – Uniform and Non-Uniform motion, distance-
acids. chart.
displacement, velocity and acceleration
iv. Titration of acid with base using phenolphthalein. Electricity
Is matter around us pure –
v. Preparation of HCl from NaCl and conc. H 2SO 4 Electric current and circuit, electric potential and poten-
Mixtures, types of mixtures, solution, colloids,
acid. tial difference circuit diagram, Ohm’s law
suspension
Strength of Acids & Base solutions, i. To prepare a simple circuit
Methods of separation of mixtures, compounds, element,
physical and chemical change Importance of pH value, more about salts, Chemicals ii . To study symbols of different components of a cir-
from common salts cuit.
Tissues –
i- To test the pH value of different solutions and soil. iii. To observe & learn to use instruments such as
Types of plant tissues and animal tissues
ii- Test pH of different salts To Find pH of the follow- ammeter and voltmeter and learn to calculate their
Force and Laws of Motion – least counts.
ing samples by using pH paper /universal indicator
Force, definition and its effects, three laws of motion, –dil HCl, NaOH, Ethanoic acid, lemon juice, wa- Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends,
mass, Inertia and conservation of momentum ter, NaHCO3 resistance of a system of resistors, heating effect of elec-
Atoms and Molecules – Life Process tric current, electric power
Laws of Chemical combination, Definition of atoms and What are life processes, Nutrition, Respiration, Trans- To determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors
molecules, Chemical formulae. portation Excretion in series and in parallel.
Diversity In Living Organisms – Classification of plants i. To show that chlorophyll is essential for photosyn- Magnetic effects of electric current
Classification of animals and nomenclature. thesis. Magnetic field and Magnetic lines, magnetic field cur-
Gravitation – ii. Testing presence of CO2 in exhaled air. rent carrying conductor, force on a current carrying
Universal law of gravitation, free - fall, mass and weight. conductor in a magnetic field, electric motor
iii. To observe transpiration in plants.
Thrust and pressure, Archimedes principle, relative iv. To study the Excretion system of man with the i. To observe pattern formed by iron fillings around
density. help of a chart. magnet.
Structure of Atom – To show that CO2 is given out during respiration. ii. To observe magnetic lines around a bar magnet
with the help of a compass needle.
Atomic number, Mass number, Valency, Isotopes and To prepare a temporary mount leaf to show its stomata.
Isobars iii. To observe magnetic field around a wire carrying
To show that light is necessary for photosynthesis. current & change the direction of deflection with
Electronic Distribution – Rutherford’s Model and Bohr Light – Reflection & Refraction change of current direction.
Model.
Reflection of light, Spherical mirrors iv. To observe the magnetic field around current carry-
Diseases and its causes
i. To study the images formed on both sides of shin- ing loop.
Infectious and Non-infectious diseases, ing spoon. Magnetic effects of electric current
Principles of treatment and prevention To determine the focal length of concave mirror by Electro magnetic induction, electric generator, domestic
Work and Energy – obtaining the image of a distant object. electric circuit
Work done by a force, power and energy Refraction of Light 1. To set up current in the coil circuit with the help of
Kinetic energy and potential energy, laws of conservation i. To study the images formed through spherical lenses moving magnet
of energy of object kept at different distances. Carbon and its compounds-
Natural Resources – To determine the focal length of convex lens by Bonding in carbon-the covalent bond, versatile nature of
Air, water and soil, pollution of air and water. obtaining the image of a distant object. carbon
Nitrogen Cycle, Carbon cycle, Water cycle, Oxygen To trace the path of a ray of light passing through i. To study the arrangement of atoms in allotrophs of
cycle, Green House Effect, Ozone layer. glass slab. carbon (Ball and stick model).
Sound – Human Eye & the colourful world Chemical properties of carbon compounds, Impor-
Propagation of sound – longitudinal and transverse Human eye, defects of vision and their correction, refrac- tant carbon compounds-
waves. tion of light through a prism. Ethanol and Ethanoic acid, soaps and detergents.
Characteristics of sound waves, structure of human ear Dispersion of white light by glass prism, atmospheric i. To observe the burning of carbon compounds like
(qualitative), Multiple reflection of sound application of refraction, scattering of light camphor
ultrasound i. To study the parts of human eye with the help of ii. To show cleansing action of soaps and detergent
Improvement in food resources – model of human eye. i. To study the following properties of acetic acid
Improvement in crop yield, Manure and fertilizers, ii. To identify the students in the class with eye de- a) Odour
cropping patterns, animal husbandry, poultry and fish fects and to suggest correction of vision with nutri-
tional remedy. b) Solubility in water
farming, bee-keeping.
c) Effect on litmus
ii. To study the path of light passing through prism.
d) Reaction with NaHCO3
CLASS X iv. To study the dispersion of white light by glass
prism. How do organism reproduce
Chemical Reactions & Equations-
v. To study scattering of light in colloidal solution. Modes of reproduction by single organism, variation in
Chemical Equations Types of chemical reactions.
off springs, sexual reproduction
To observe following reactions:- Metals and Non metals
Physical and chemical properties of metals, Reaction of i. To observe formation of mould on bread.
i. Burning of Mg ribbon
metals and nonmetals, occurrence of metals, corrosion ii. To observe different tissues in spirogyra filaments.
ii. Reaction of Zn granules with dil HCl. iii. To observe leaf for budding in bryophylum
i. To Observe physical properties of metals such as
iii. Formation of slaked lime by the reaction of CaO
Fe, Zn, and Cu and non metals such as graphite, iv. To study sexual reproduction in flowering plants &
with water.
Sulphur, Iodine. human beings with the help of chart paper.
iv. Heating crystals of FeSO4 or CuSO4 & Pb(NO3) 2
ii. To test conductivity through metals. To study
v. Reaction of CuSO4 solution and iron nails dipped
iii. To test the chemical properties of metal oxides and i. Binary fission in amoeba
in it non metal oxides. ii. Budding in yeast with the help of prepared slides.
vi. Reaction between Sodium Sulphate solution and
iv. To study the chemical reactions of metals with iii. To study the amount of water absorbed by raisins.
Barium Chloride solution.
water, acids and solutions of other metal salts.
vii. Oxidation of Cu to CuO. Heredity and Evolution
v. To study reactivity series. Accumulation of variation during reproduction, hered-
Chemical Reactions & Equations
vi. To investigate the conditions under which iron ity, evolution
Corrosion, Rancidity rusts.
i. To study the works of Mendel ( 1822-1884) with
i. To observe corrosion in different metals such as To observe action of Zn, Fe, Cu, Al on the help of internet
Iron, Aluminum, Copper, Silver etc.
ZnSO4, FeSO4, CuSO 4, Al2 (SO 4)3 . Evolution, speciation, evolution and classification, evo-
ii. To observe the rusting of Iron and conditions nec-
To prepare SO2 gas and observe colour ,solubility lution should not be equated with progress
essary for it. in water, effect on litmus paper, action of K2Cr2O7 i. To study the works of Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
iii. To observe the changes in colour odour, etc. in cut
Control and coordination with the help of internet.
fruits & vegetables.
Animals – Nervous system, coordination in plants, ii. To find out about homologous organs in different

[5]
 animal species level circular road, vehicle on banked road). shapes of s, p, and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in
Periodic classification of elements Work, Energy and Power orbitals - Aufuau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and
Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of
Attempts at classification of elements, Mendleef’s peri- Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic
odic table, Modern periodic table. energy, work-energy theorem, power. Notion of potential half filled and completely filled orbitals.
energy, potential energy of a spring, conservative forces: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
i. To study the different classification made by differ-
ent scientists. conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential Significance of classification, brief history of the development
energies); non-conservative forces: elastic and inelastic of periodic table, modern periodic law and the present form
ii. To study Mendleef’s periodic table & Modern pe-
collisions in one and two dimensions. of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements
riodic table.
Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body -atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii. Ionization enthalpy,
Sources of energy electron gain enthalpy, electro negativity, valence.
Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum
Good source of energy, conventional source of energy, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
non conventional source of energy, environmental con- conversation and centre of mass motion. Centre of mass of
a rigid body; centre of mass of uniform rod. Vector product Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond: bond
sequences
of vectors; moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, parameters. Lewis structure, polar character of covalent
i . List different forms of energy used by us. conservation of angular momentum with some examples. bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory,
ii. To learn about different types of power plants. Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR theory,
iii. To prepare and study the structure and working of equations of rotational motion, comparison of linear and concept of hybridization, involving s, p and d orbitals and
solar cooker & heater. rotational motions; moment of inertia, radius of gyration. shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital; theory
iv. To find out how energy sources affect environment. Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects of homo nuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only),
(no derivation). Statement of parallel and perpendicular hydrogen bond.
v. To study the factors that lead to Global Warming.
axes theorems and their applications. States of Matter: gases and liquids
Our Environment
Gravitation Three states of matter. Intermolecular interactions, type of
Ecosystem – what are its component, food chains and
Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. The universal law of bonding, melting and boiling points. Role of gas laws in
food webs, how do our activities affect the environment
gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation elucidating the concept of the molecule, Boyle’s law. Charles
i. To collect the waste and categorize it into biode- with altitude and depth. Gravitational potential energy; law, Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law. Ideal behaviour,
gradable and non-biodegradable substances. gravitational potential. Escape velocity. Orbital velocity of empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro’s number.
ii. To design an aquarium and study it. a satellite. Geo-stationary satellites. Ideal gas equation. Derivation from ideal behaviour,
iii. To find out the chemicals responsible for depletion Properties of Bulk Matter liquefaction of gases, critical temperature.
of ozone layer with the help of relevant books, Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s law, Liquid State - Vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension
internet or newspaper. Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear, modulus of rigidity. (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations).
iv. To calculate the amount of waste generated in school Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its Thermodynamics (Energetics)
and at home. applications (hydraulic lift and hydraulic brakes). Effect of Concepts Of System, types of systems, surroundings. Work,
Management of Natural Resources gravity on fluid pressure. Viscosity, Stokes’ law, terminal heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state
Need to manage our resources, Water for all, velocity, Reynold’s number, streamline and turbulent flow. functions. First law of thermodynamics - internal energy
Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications. and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement
i. To find out about the international norms to regu-
late the emission of CO2 . Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, of DU and DH, Hess’s law of constant heat summation,
application of surface tension ideas to drops, bubbles and enthalpy of: bond dissociation, combustion, formation,
ii. To find out the extent of pollution of Ganga and
capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific atomization, sublimation. Phase transition, ionization, and
Yamuna rivers with the help of internet and the
heat - calorimetry; change of state - latent heat. Heat transfer- dilution. Introduction of entropy as a state function, free
measures being taken to clean it.
conduction, convection and radiation, thermal conductivity, energy change for spontaneous and nonspontaneous process,
iii. To check the pH of water supply of your house. Newton’s law of cooling. equilibrium.
Coal and petroleum, an overview of natural resources Thermodynamics Equilibrium
management
Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic
i. To find out about any two forest produce that are law of thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium
basis of an industry First law of thermodynamics. Second law of constant, factors affecting equilibrium - Le Chatelier’s
ii. To study the rainfall pattern in India from atlas. thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes. Heat principle; ionic equilibrium - ionization of acids and bases,
iii. To study water harvesting system. engines and refrigerators. strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, concept
iv. To find out about Euro I and Euro II norms for Behaviour of Perfect Gas and Kinetic Theory of pH. Hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea). Buffer solutions,
emission from vehicles Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative
a gas. Kinetic theory of gases - assumptions, concept of examples).
CLASS XI pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature; rms speed of gas Redox Reactions
molecules; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions,
PHYSICS
(statement only) and application to specific heats of gases; oxidation number, balancing redox reactions, applications
Physical World and Measurement concept of mean free path, Avogadro’s number. of redox reactions.
Physics - scope and excitement; nature of physical laws; Oscillations and Waves Hydrogen
Physics, technology and society. Need for measurement:
Periodic motion - period, frequency, displacement as a Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes,
Units of measurement; systems of units; SI units,
function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen; hydrides -
fundamental and derived units. Length, mass and time
(S.H.M) and its equation; phase; oscillations of a spring– ionic, covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical
measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring
restoring force and force constant; energy in S.H.M.-kinetic properties of water, heavy water; hydrogen peroxide-
instruments; errors in measurement; significant figures.
and potential energies; simple pendulum–derivation of preparation, reactions and structure; hydrogen as a fuel.
Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis
expression for its time period; free, forced and damped s-Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals)
and its applications.
oscillations (qualitative ideas only), resonance.
Kinematics Group 1 and Group 2 elements:
Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
Frame of reference. Motion in a straight line: Position- wave motion. Displacement relation for a progressive wave.
time graph, speed and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform anomalous properties of the first element of each group,
Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves,
motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity. diagonal relationship, trends in the variation of properties
standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental
Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends
mode and harmonics, Beats, Doppler effect.
graphs, relations for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical in chemical reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and
CHEMISTRY halogens; uses.
treatment). Elementary concepts of differentiation and
integration for describing motion. Scalar and vector Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Preparation and properties of some important
quantities: Position and displacement vectors, general General Introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry. compounds:
vectors and notation, equality of vectors, multiplication of Historical approach to particular nature of matter, laws of Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide
vectors by a real number; addition and subtraction of vectors. chemical combination. Dalton’s atomic theory: concept of and sodium hydrogen carbonate, biological importance of
Relative velocity. Unit vector; Resolution of a vector in a elements, atoms and molecules. Atomic and molecular sodium and potassium. CaO, CaCO3 and industrial use of
plane - rectangular components. Motion in a plane. Cases masses. Mole concept and molar mass: percentage lime and limestone, biological importance of Mg and Ca
of uniform velocity and uniform acceleration-projectile composition, empirical and molecular formula; chemical Some p-Block Elements
motion. Uniform circular motion. reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on
stoichiometry. General Introduction to p-Block Elements
Laws of Motion
Structure of Atom Group 13 elements: General introduction, electronic
Intuitive concept of force. Inertia, Newton’s first law of configuration, occurrence. Variation of properties, oxidation
motion; momentum and Newton’s second law of motion; Discovery of electron, proton and neutron; atomic number,
states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous properties
impulse; Newton’s third law of motion. Law of conservation isotopes and isobars. Thomson’s model and its limitations,
of first element of the group; Boron- physical and chemical
of linear momentum and its applications. Equilibrium of Rutherford’s model and its limitations. Bohr’s model and
properties, some important compounds: borax, boric acids,
concurrent forces. Static and kinetic friction, laws of friction, its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature
boron hydrides. Aluminium: uses, reactions with acids
rolling friction. Dynamics of uniform circular motion: of matter and light, De Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg
and alkalies.
Centripetal force, examples of circular motion (vehicle on uncertainty principle, concept of orbitals, quantum numbers,
Group 14 elements: General introduction, electronic

[6]
configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation Excretory products and elimination. power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact.
states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous behaviour Locomotion and movement. Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism. Scatter-
of first element, Carbon - catenation, allotropic forms, ing of light - blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance
Control and coordination.
physical and chemical properties; uses of some important of the sun at sunrise and sunset. Optical instruments: Hu-
compounds: oxides. man eye, image formation and accommodation, correction
CLASS XII of eye defects (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia and astig-
Important compounds of silicon and a few uses: silicon
tetrachloride, silicones, silicates and zeolites. PHYSICS matism) using lenses. Microscopes and astronomical tele-
Electrostatics scopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying pow-
Organic Chemistry - Some B asic Principles and
ers. Wave optics: wave front and Huygens’ principle, re-
Techniques Electric Charges; Conservation of charges, Coulomb’s law-
flection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using
General introduction, method, qualitative and quantitative force between two point charges, forces between multiple
wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using
analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic charges; superposition principle and continuous charge dis-
Huygens’ principle. Interference, Young’s double slit ex-
compounds Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: tribution. Electric field, electric field due to a point charge,
periment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources
inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance electric field lines; electric dipole, electric field due to a
and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a
dipole; torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. Electric
and hyper conjugation. Homolytic and heterolytic fission single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving power of
flux, Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find electric
of a covalent bond: free radicals, carbocations, microscopes and astronomical telescopes. Polarisation,
field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged
carbanions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic plane polarised light; Brewster’s law, uses of plane polarised
infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical
reactions light and Polaroids.
shell (field inside and outside). Electric potential, potential
Hydrocarbons difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
Classification of hydrocarbons and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect, Hertz and
Alkanes - Nomenclature, isomerism, conformations (ethane potential energy of a system of two point charges and of Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-
only), physical properties, chemical reactions including electric dipole in an electrostatic field. Conductors and particle nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature of par-
free radical mechanism or halogenation, combustion and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conduc- ticles, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment.
pyrolysis. tor. Dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitors and Atoms & Nuclei
capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model
Alkenes - Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene)
parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum.
geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of
without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, iso-
preparation; chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen,
in a capacitor. topes, isobars; isotones. Radioactivityalpha, beta and
halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition
and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of Current Electricity gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive de-
electrophilic addition. Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic con- cay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy
Alkynes - Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), ductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with elec- per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear
physical properties. Methods of preparation, chemical tric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I character- fission and fusion.
reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of - istics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, Electronic Devices
hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water. electrical resistivity and conductivity. Carbon resistors, Semiconductors; semiconductor diode – i-v characteristics
colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combi- in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; i-v charac-
Aromatic hydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC
nations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance. teristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode;
nomenclature; Benzene: resonance aromaticity ; chemical
Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor,
properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. –
cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel. transistor action, characteristics of a transistor; transistor as
nitration sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s
Kirchhoff ’s laws and simple applications. Wheatstone an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscilla-
alkylation and acylation: directive influence of functional
bridge, metre bridge. Potentiometer - principle and its tor. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR).
group in mono-substituted benzene; carcinogenicity and
applications to measure potential difference and for compar- Transistor as a switch.
toxicity.
ing emf of two cells; measurement of internal resistance of
BIOLOGY a cell. Communication Systems
Environmental Chemistry Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism Elements of a communication system (block diagram only);
Environmental pollution - air, water and soil pollution, bandwidth of signals speech, TV and digital data); band-
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment. Biot - width of transmission medium. Propagation of electro-
chemical reactions in atmosphere, smog, major atmospheric Savart law and its application to current carrying circular
pollutants; acid rain, ozone and its reactions, effects of magnetic waves in the atmosphere, sky and space wave
loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long propagation. Need for modulation. Production and detec-
depletion of ozone layer, greenhouse effect and global straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids. Force on a
warming - pollution due to industrial wastes; green tion of an amplitude-modulated wave.
moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, CHEMISTRY
Cyclotron. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uni-
strategy for control of environmental pollution. form magnetic field. Force between two parallel current- Solid State
Diversity in Living World carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque experi- Classification of solids based on different binding forces:
Diversity of living organisms enced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; moving molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous
Classification of the living organisms (five kingdom coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to and crystalline solids (elementary idea), unit cell in two
classification, major groups and principles of classification ammeter and voltmeter. dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of
within each kingdom). Systematics and binomial System Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole density of unit cell, packing in solids, voids, number of
of nomenclature Salient features of animal (non chordates moment. Magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron. atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects,
up to phylum level and chordates up to class level) and Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar electrical and magnetic properties.
plant (major groups; Angiosperms up to subclass) magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis. Torque Solutions
classification. Botanical gardens, herbaria, zoological parks on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solu-
and museums. field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field tions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids,
Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants lines; Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements. Para- solid solutions, colligative properties – relative lowering
, dia- and ferro - magnetic substances, with examples. of vapour pressure, elevation of B.P., depression of freezing
Tissues in animals and plants. Morphology, anatomy and Electromagnets and factors affecting their strengths. Perma-
functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses
nent magnets. using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass.
leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed. Morphology,
anatomy and functions of different systems of an annelid Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents Electrochemistry
(earthworm), an insect (cockroach) and an amphibian (frog). Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and Redox reactions, conductance in electrolytic solutions, spe-
Cell : Structure and Function current; Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual induc- cific and molar conductivity variations of conductivity with
tance. Need for displacement current. Alternating currents, concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and laws of
Cell: cell wall, cell membrane and cell organelles’ (plastids, peak and rms value of alternating current/voltage; reactance
mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies/ electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell – electrolytic cells
and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), and Galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, stan-
dictyosomes, ribosomes, lysosomes, vacuoles, centrioles)
LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, wattless dard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its applica-
and nuclear organization. current. tion to chemical cells, fuel cells; corrosion.
Mitosis, meiosis, cell cycle. Basic chemical constituents
AC generator and transformer. Chemical Kinetics
of living bodies. Structure and functions of carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Enzymes: types, Electromagnetic waves Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affect-
properties and function. Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualita- ing rates of reaction; concentration, temperature, catalyst;
Plant Physiology tive ideas only). Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves. order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, in- rate constant, integrated rate equations and half life (only
Movement of water, food, nutrients and gases, Plants and frared, visible, ultraviolet, Xrays, gamma rays) including for zero and first order reactions); concept of collision theory
Water Mineral nutrition, Respiration, Photosynthesis, Plant
elementary facts about their uses. (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment)
growth and development.
Optics Surface Chemistry
Human Physiology
Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Re- Adsorption – physisorption and chemisorption; factors af-
Digestion and absorption. fraction of light, total internal reflection and its applica- fecting adsorption of gases on solids; catalysis : homog-
Breathing and respiration. tions, optical fibres, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, enous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity: enzyme
Body fluids and circulation. thin lens formula, lens-maker’s formula. Magnification, catalysis; colloidal state: distinction between true solu-

[7]
tions, colloids and suspensions; lyophilic, lyophobic, Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods DEVELOPINGS A SENSE OF NUMBERNESS,
multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, iden- COUNT IN G AND OPE RAT IONS OF
colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophore- tification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. NUMBERS 1-9 AND ZERO
sis, coagulation; emulsion – types of emulsions. Cyanides and Isocyanides - will be mentioned at rel-  Observes object and makes collections of objects.
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Ele- evant places in context.
ments  Arranges the collection of objects in order by
Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and im-
Principles and methods of extraction - concentration, oxi- portance in synthetic organic chemistry. – Matching and
dation, reduction electrolytic method and refining; occur- Biomolecules – One to one correspondence
rence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, Counts the number of objects in a collection.
Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), 
zinc and Iron.
monosaccahrides (glucose and fructose), oligosaccharides  Makes collection of objects corresponding to a
p-Block Elements (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellu- specific number.
Group 15 elements: General introduction, electronic con- lose, glycogen); importance.
figuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical  Recognises and speaks numbers from 1 to 9.
Proteins - Elementary idea of a - amino acids, peptide
and chemical properties; nitrogen - preparation, properties bond, polypeptides proteins, primary structure, econdary  Uses nu mbers fro m 1 to 9 in co untin g and
and uses; compounds of nitrogen: preparation and proper- structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (quali- comparison. (Real objects and repeated events like
ties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen (struc- tative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. clapping to be used for counting)
ture only); Phosphorous-allotropic forms; compounds .of
Vitamins -Classification and functions.  Reads and writes numerals from 1 to 9.
phosphorous: preparation and properties of phosphine, ha-
lides (PCl3, PCl5) and oxoacids Nucleic Acids: DNA & RNA .  Adds and subtracts using real objects and pictures.
(elementary idea only) Polymers Classification - natural and synthetic, methods  Adds and subtracts the numbers using symbols
of polymerization (addition and condensation), copoly- ‘+’ and ‘–’.
Group 16 elements: General introduction, electronic con-
merization. Some important polymers: natural and syn-
figuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical  Approaches zero through the subtraction pattern
thetic like polythene, nylon, polyesters
and chemical properties; dioxygen: preparation, properties (such as 3 – 1 = 2, 3 – 2 = 1, 3 – 3 = 0).
and uses; simple oxides; Ozone. Sulphur - allotropic forms; BIOLOGY
compounds of sulphur: preparation, properties and uses of Sexual Reproduction NUMBERS FROM (10-20)
sulphur dioxide; sulphuric acid: industrial process of manu- Pollination and fertilization in flowering plants. Develop-  Forms Number sequence from 10 to 20.
facture, properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures ment of seeds and fruits. Human reproduction: reproduc-  Counts objects using these numbers.
only). tive system in male and female, menstrual cycle. Produc-
 Groups objects into a group of 10s and single
Group 17 elements: General introduction, electronic con- tion of gametes, fertilization, implantation, ,embryo devel-
objects.
figuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical opment, pregnancy and parturation. Reproductive health -
and chemical properties; compounds of halogens: prepara- birth control, contraception and sexually transmitted dis-  Develops the vocabulary of group of ‘tens’ and
tion, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid, eases. ‘ones’.
interhalogen compounds, oxoacids of halogens (structures Genetics and evolution  Shows the group of tens and ones by drawing.
only). Mendelian inheritance. Chromosome theory of inheritance, Counts the number of tens and ones in a given

Group 18 elements: General introduction, electronic con- deviations from Mendelian ratio (gene interaction- Incom- number.
figuration. Occurrence, trends in physical and chemical plete dominance, co-dominance, complementary genes,
 Writes the numerals for eleven to nineteen.
properties, uses. multiple alleles). Sex determination in human beings: XX,
d and f Block Elements XY. Linkage and crossing over. Inheritance pattern of  Writes numerals for ten and twenty.
General introduction ,electronic configuration, occurrence haemophilia and blood groups in human beings. DNA:  Compares numbers upto 20.
and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in replication, transcription, translation. Gene expression and
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION (UPTO 20)
properties of the first row transition metals – metallic char- regulation. Genome and Human Genome Project. DNA
fingerprinting. Evolution: Theories and evidences.  Adds and subtracts numbers upto 20.
acter, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii,
colour catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial Biology and Human welfare NUMBERS FROM 21-99
compounds, alloy formation. Preparation and properties of Animal husbandry. Basic concepts of immunology, vac-  Writes numerals for Twentyone to Ninety nine.
K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4. cines. Pathogens, Parasites. Plant breeding, tissue culture, Groups objects into tens and ones.
Lanthanoids - electronic configuration, oxidation states, food production. Microbes in household food processing,  Draws representation for groups of ten and ones.
chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction. industrial production, sewage treatment and energy genera-
tion. Cancer and AIDS. Adolescence and drug/alcohol abuse.  Groups a number orally into tens and ones.
Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states.
Biotechnology and its Applications MENTAL ARITHMETIC
Coordination Compounds
Recombinant DNA technology. Applications in Health,  Adds two single digit numbers mentally.
Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordi-
nation number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, Agriculture and Industry Genetically modified (GM) or- 3. Money
IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination com- ganisms; biosafety issues. Insulin and Bt cotton Identifies common currency notes and coins.

pounds. bonding; isomerism, importance of coordination Ecology & Environment
 Puts together small amounts of money.
compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals Ecosystems: components, types and energy flow. Species,
and biological systems). 4. Measurement
population and community. Ecological adaptations. Cen-
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes tres of diversity and conservation of biodiversity, National LENGTH
Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physi- parks and sanctuaries. Environmental issues.  Distinguishes between near, far, thin, thick, longer/
cal and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution taller, shorter, high, low.
reactions. MATHEMATICS  Seriates objects by comparing their length.
Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions SYLLABUS GUIDELINES  Measures short lengths in terms of nonuniform
(directive influence of halogen for monosubstituted com- units (in the context of games e.g. ‘Gilli Danda’
Based on CBSE, ICSE & GCSE Syllabus & NCF
pounds only) Uses and environmental effects of -
guidelines devised by NCERT and ‘marble games’).
dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane,
iodoform, freons, DDT.  Estimates distance and length and verifies using
CLASS I non-uniform units (e.g. hand span etc.)
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical 1. Geometry WEI GHT
and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only); identi- SHAPES & SPATIAL UNDERSTANDING  Compares between heavy and light objects.
fication of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mecha- Develops and uses vocabulary of spatial relationship 5. Time

nism of dehydration, uses, some important compounds -
(Top, Bottom, On, Under, Inside, Outside, Above,  Distinguishes between events occurring in time
methanol and ethanol. Phenols : Nomenclature, methods
Below, Near, Far, Before, After) using terms earlier and later.
of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic
nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses SOLIDS AROUNDS US  Gets the qualitative feel of long & short duration,
of phenols.  Collects objects from the surroundings having of school days v/s holidays.
Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical different sizes and shapes like pebbles, boxes,  Narrates the sequence of events in a day.
and chemical properties, uses. balls, cones, pipes, etc. 6. Data Handling
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids  Sorts, Classifies and describes the objects on the
 Collects, represents and interprets simple data such
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbo- basis of shapes and other observable properties.
as measuring the arm length or circumference of
nyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical
 Observes and describes the way shapes affect the head using a paper strip.
properties, and mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reac-
movements like rolling and sliding.
tivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; uses. 7. Patterns
Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods  Sorts 2-D shapes such as flat objects made of card Describes sequences of simple patterns found in

of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses. etc.
shapes in the surroundings and in numbers, e.g.
Organic compounds containing Nitrogen 2. Numbers stamping activity using fingers and thumb.

[8]
 Completes a given sequence of simple patterns  Observes and extends patterns in sequence of shapes equal grouping and sharing.
found in shapes in the surroundings and in numbers. and numbers.  Relates division with multiplication.
 Searches for patterns in different ways of splitting a  Completes division facts – by grouping – by
CLASS II number. using multiplication tables.
1. Numbers  Creates block patterns by stamping thumb prints, 6. Mental Arithmetic
leaf prints, vegetable prints, etc.  Adds and subtracts single digit numbers and two
 Reads and writes numerals for numbers up to ninety
 Creates patterns of regular shapes by stamping. digit numbers mentally.
nine.
12. Geometry Shapes & Spatial Understanding 3D  Doubles two digit numbers mentally (result not
 Expands a number with respect to place values.
and 2D Shapes exceeding two digits).
 Counts and regroups objects into tens and ones.
 Observes objects in the environment and gets a 7. Money
 Uses the concept of place value in the comparison of  Converts Rupee to Paise using play money.
qualitative feel for their geometrical attributes.
numbers.
 Identifies the basic 3D shapes such as cuboid,  Ad ds an d subtracts amoun ts using colu mn
 Counts in various ways: Starting from any number, addition, and subtraction without regrouping.
cylinder, cone, sphere by their names.
Group counting etc. Makes rate charts and bills.
Traces the 2D outlines of 3D objects. 

 Arranges numbers upto hundred in ascending and 8. Measurement Length
descending order.  Observes and identifies these 2D shapes.
 Appreciates the need for a standard unit.
 Forms the greatest and the smallest two digit numbers  Identifies 2D shapes viz., rectangle, square, triangle,
circle by their names.  Measures length using appropriate standard units
with and without repetition of given digits. of length by choosing between centimetres and
 Indicates and identifies the position of an object in a  Describes intuitively the properties of these 2D metres.
line. shapes.
 Estimates the length of given object in standard
2. Addition and Subtraction  Identifies and makes straight lines by folding, straight units and verifies by measuring.
edged objects, stretched strings and draws free hand
 Adds and subtracts two digit numbers by drawing  Uses a ruler
and with a ruler.
representations of tens and ones without and with  Relates centimetre and metre.
regrouping.  Draws horizontal, vertical and slant lines (free hand).
9. Weight
 Adds zero to a number and subtracts zero from a  Distinguishes between straight and curved lines.
 Weighs objects using non standard units.
number.  Identifies objects by observing their shadows.
 Appreciates the conversion of weight.
 Observes the commutative property of addition 10. Volume
through patterns. CLASS III
 Measures and compares the capacity of different
 Solves addition, subtraction problems presented 1. Geometrical Shapes & Spatial Understanding. containers in terms of nonstandard units.
through pictures and verbal description.  Creates shapes through paper folding, paper cutting.  Appreciates the conversion of volume.
 Describes orally the situations that correspond to the  Identifies 2D shapes 11. Time
given addition and subtraction facts.  Describes the various 2D Reads a calendar to find a particular day and date.

 Estimates the result of addition and subtraction and shapes b y co untin g their sides, corn ers and  Reads the time correct to the hour.
compares the result with another given number. diagonals.  Sequences the events chronologically.
3. Preparation for Multiplication & Division  Makes shapes on the dotgrid using straight lines 12. Data Handling
 Discussion of situations involving repeated addition and curves.
 Records data using tally marks.
and situations involving equal sharing.  Creates shapes using tangram pieces.
 Collects data and represents in terms of pictograph
 Activities of making equal groups.  Matches the properties of two 2D shapes by choosing appropriate scale and unit for display
4. Mental Arithmetic observing their sides and corners (vertices). through pictographs.
 Adds and subtracts single digit numbers mentally.  Tiles a given region using a tile of a given shape.  Draws conclusions from the data by discussing
 Adds and subtracts multiples of ten mentally.  Distinguishes between shapes that tile and that with the teacher.
do not tile. 13. Patterns
5. Money
 Intuitive idea of a map. Reads simple maps (not  Identifies simple symmetrical shapes and patterns.
 Identifies currency notes and coins. necessarily scaled)  Makes patterns and designs from straight lines
 Puts together amounts of money not exceeding Rs  Draws some 3D objects. and other geometrical shapes.
50/.
2. Numbers Number sequence upto 1000  Identifies patterns in the numerals for odd and
 Adds and subtracts small amounts of money mentally. even nu mbers an d in adding od d and even
 Reads and writes 3digit numbers.
 Transacts an amount using 3 to 4 notes. numbers.
 Expands a number w.r.t. place values.
6. Measurement of Length Counts in different ways starting from any number.  Partitions a number in different ways.

 Measures lengths & distances along short & long  Compares numbers.  Identifies patterns in his surroundings
paths using uniform (non standard) units, extends to  Identifies patterns in multiplication with, and
 Forms greatest and smallest numbers using given
longer lengths. dividing by 10s.
digits.
7. Weight 3. Addition & Subtraction
 Compares two or more objects by their weight. CLASS IV
 Adds and subtracts numbers by writing them
 Appreciates the need for a simple balance. vertically in the following two cases 1. Geometric Shapes & Spatial Understanding
 Compares weights of given objects using simple – without regrouping  Draws a circle free hand and with compass.
balance. – with regrouping.  Identifies centre, radius and diameter of a circle.
8. Capacity (Volume)  Uses the place value in standard algorithm of  Uses Tangrams to create different shapes.
 Compares and orders containers in terms of internal addition and subtraction.  Tiles geometrical shapes: using one or two shapes.
volume (capacity).  Solves addition an d subtr action problems in Selects a tile among a given number of tiles that

 Orders given containers as per their capacities on the different situations presented through pictures and can tile a given regio n b oth in tu itively and
basis of perception & verifies by pouring out etc. stories.
experimentally.
9. Time  Frames problems for addition and subtraction
 Explores intuitively the area and perimeter of simple
facts.
 Gets familiar with the days of the week and months shapes.
of the year.  Estimates the sum of, and difference between, two
 Makes 4 faced, 5 faced and 6 faced cubes from
given numbers.
 Gets a feel for sequence of seasons (varying locally). given nets especially designed for the same.
4. Multiplication
 Sequences the events occurring over longer periods  Explores intuitively the reflections through inkblots,
 Explains the meaning of multiplication (as repeated
in terms of dates/days. paper cutting and paper folding.
addition).
10. Data Handling  Reads and draws 3D objects, making use of the
 Identifies the sign of multiplication.
 Collects data through measurement. familiarity with the conventions used in this.
 Constructs the multiplication tables of 2,3,4,5
 Represents the data followed by discussion (e.g. and 10.  Draws intuitively the plane, elevation and side
heights of children). view of simple diagram.
 Uses multiplication facts in situations.
 Collects and presents the data on birthdays. 2. Numbers and Operations
 Multiplies two digit numb ers using stan dard
 Draws inferences from the data at the appropriate algorithm and Lattice multiplication algorithm.  Writes multiplication facts.
level. 5. Division  Writes tables upto 10x10.
11. Patterns  Explains the meaning of division from context of  Multiplies two and three digit numbers using

[9]
 lattice algor ith m and th e stan dar d ( co lumn)
CLASS V CLASS VI
algorithm.
 Divides a given number by another number in 1. Geometrical Shapes & Spatial Understanding NUMB ER SYSTEM
various ways such as:  Gets the feel of perspective while drawing a 3D object (i) Knowing Numbers: Consolidating the sense of
– by drawing dots. in 2D. nu mbern ess up to 5 digits, S ize, estimation of
 Gets the feel of an angle through observation and numbers, identifying smaller, larger, etc. Place
– by grouping. value (recapitulation and extension), connectives:
paper folding.
– by using multiplication facts. use of symbols =, <, > and use of brackets, word
 Identifies right angles in the environment.
– by repeated subtraction. problems on number operations involving large
 Classifies angles into right, acute and obtuse angles. numbers up to a maximum of 5 digits in the answer
 Applies the four operations to life situations.
 Represents right angle, acute angle and obtuse angle af ter all o p er atio n s. T h is wo uld in clu d e
 Frames word problems.
by drawing and tracing. conversions of units of length and mass (from the
 Estimates sums, differences and products of given larger to the smaller units), estimation of outcome
 Explores intuitively rotations and reflections of
numbers. of number operations. Introduction to a sense of
familiar 2D shapes.
3. Mental Arithmetic the largeness of, and initial familiarity with, large
 Explores intuitively symmetry in familiar 3D shapes.
 Adds and subtracts multiples of 10 and 100, numbers upto 8 digits and approximation (of large
 Makes the shapes of cubes, cylinders and cones using numbers)
mentally.
nets especially designed for this purpose.
 Completes multiplication facts by adding partial (ii) Playing with Numbers: Simplification of brackets,
2. Numbers and operations Multiples and factors, divisibility rule of 2, 3, 4,
products, mentally (e.g. 7x 6 = 5 x 6+2 x 6).
 Finds place value in numbers beyond 1000. 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11. (All these through observing
4. Fractional Numbers
 Appreciates the role of place value in addition, patterns. Children would be helped in deducing
 Identifies half, one fourth and threefourths of a some and then asked to derive some that are a
subtraction and multiplication algorithms.
whole. combination of the basic patterns of divisibility.)
 Uses informal and standard division algorithms.
 Identifies the symbols, ½, ¼, ¾. Even/odd and prime/ composite numbers, Coprime
 Explains the meaning of factors and multiples. numbers, prime factorization, every number can
 Explains the meaning of ½ , ¼ and ¾ .
3. Mental Arithmetic be written as products of prime factors. HCF and
 Appreciates equivalence of 2/4 and 1/2 and of 2/
 Estimates sums, differences, products and quotients LCM, prime factorization and division method for
2, 3/3, 4/4 and 1.
and verifies using approximation. H CF an d LC M, th e p r op erty LC M x H C F =
5. Money product of two numbers. All this is to be embedded
4. Fractional Numbers
 Converts Rupees to Paise. in contexts that bring o ut the significance and
 Finds the fractional part of a collection.
 Adds and subtracts amounts using column addition provide motivation to the child for learning these
 Compares fractions. ideas.
and subtraction with regrouping.
 Identifies equivalent fractions. (iii) Who le numb ers : N atu r al n u mb er s, wh o le
 Uses operations to find totals, change, multiple
 Estimates the degree of closeness of a fraction to numbers, properties of numbers (commutative,
costs and unit cost.
known fractions (½, ¼, ¾ etc.) asso ciative, d istr ib u tive, ad d itive id en tity,
 Estimates roughly the totals and total cost. mu ltiplicative iden tity) , n umb er lin e. S eein g
 Uses decimal fractions in the context of units of
6. Measurement Length length and money. patterns, identifying and formulating rules to be
 Relates metre with centimetre. done by children. (As familiarity with algebra
 Expresses a given fraction in decimal notation and
grows, the child can express the generic pattern.)
 Converts metre into centimetres and vice versa. vice versa.
(iv) Negative Numbers and Integers: How negative
 Solves problems involving length and distances. 5. Money n u mb er s ar ise, mo d els o f n egative n u mb er s,
 Estimates length of an object and distance between  Applies the four operations in solving problems co nn ection to daily life, or dering o f negative
two given locations. involving money. numbers, representation of negative numbers on
7. Weight 6. Measurement number line. Children to see patterns, identify
 Determines area and perimeter of simple geometrical an d f o r mu late r u les. Wh at ar e in teger s,
 Weighs objects using a balance and standard units.
figures. id en tificatio n of in tegers on the n umb er lin e,
 Determines sums and differences of weights. operation of addition and subtraction of integers,
 Applies the four operations in solving problems
 Estimates the weight of an object and verifies sh o win g the o p er atio n s o n th e n u mb er lin e
involving length, weight and volume.
using a balance. (addition of negative integer reduces the value of
 Relates commonly used larger and smaller units of the number) comparison of integers, ordering of
8. Volume
length, weight and volume and converts one to the integers.
 Measures volumes of given liquid using containers other. (v) Fractions: Revision of what a fraction is, Fraction
marked with standard units.  Applies simple fractions to quantities. as a part of whole, Representation of fractions
 Determines sums and differences of volumes.  Converts fractional larger unit into complete smaller (picto rially and o n number line), fractio n as a
 Estimates the volume of a liquid contained in a units. division, proper, improper and mixed fractions,
vessel and verifies by measuring.  Appreciates volume of a solid body: intuitively and eq uivalen t f raction s, co mparison o f f raction s,
also by informal measurement. addition and subtraction of fractions (Avoid large
9. Time
an d co mp licated un necessar y tasks) . (M ovin g
 Computes the number of weeks in a year.  Uses addition and subtraction in finding time intervals
towards abstraction in fractions) Review of the
 Correlates the number of days in a year with the in simple cases. idea of a decimal fr actio n, place value in the
number of days in each month. 7. Data Handling context of decimal fraction, inter conversion of
 Justifies the reason for the need of a leap year.  Collects two dimensional quantitative data. fractions and decimal fractions (avoid recurring
 Represents the data in the form of a table. decimals at this stage), word problems involving
 Reads clock time to the nearest hours and minutes.
ad d itio n an d su b tr actio n o f d ecimals ( two
 Expresses time, using the terms, ‘a.m.’ and ‘p.m.’  Draws a bar graph or a pictograph to present a data.
operations together on money, mass, length and
 Estimates the duration of familiar events. 8. Patterns temperature)
 Finds approximate time elapsed by (to the nearest  Identifies patterns in square numbers, triangular AL GE B R A
numbers. (i) Introduction to Algebra
hour) forward counting.
 Relates sequences of odd numbers between consecutive  In tr od uction to variab le thr ou gh p attern s an d
 Computes the number of days between two dates.
square numbers. th r o u gh ap p r o p r iate wo r d p r o b lems an d
10. Data Handling generalizations (example 5x1=5 etc.)
 Makes border strip and tiling patterns.
 Collects data and represents in the form of bar  Generate such patterns with more examples.
9. Average, Percentage & Ratio Proportion
graphs.  Introduction to unknowns through examples with
 Average of quantities.
 Draws Inferences by discussing with the teacher. simple contexts (single operations)
 Finding quantities when ratio is given.
11. Patterns (ii) Ratio and Proportion
 Uses & application of percentage.
 Identifies patterns in multiplication and division,  Concept of Ratio • Proportion as equality of two
10. Profit and Loss ratios
multiples of 9
 Cost price & selling price  Unitary method (with only direct variation)
 Casts out nines from a given number to check if
11. Circles, Triangles and Quadrilaterals  Word problems
it is a multiple of nine.
 Construction of circle GE OMET RY
 Multiplies and divides by 10s, 100s.
 Types of triangles. (i) B asic geometrical ideas (2 D): Introduction to
 Identifies geometrical patterns based on symmetry. geo metr y. Its lin kage with an d r ef lectio n in
 Types of quadrilaterals.
everyday experience.

[10]
 Line, line segment, ray arrive at generalization.) • Construction of simple triangles. Like given three
 Open and closed figures. i. am.an = am+n sides, given a side and two angles on it, given
Interior and exterior of closed figures. two sides and the angle between them.
 ii. (am)n = amn
 Curvilinear and linear boundaries Mensuration
m
Angle-Vertex, arm, interior and exterior, a m–n • Revision of perimeter, Idea of  , Circumference
n = a
 iii. , where m – nN
 T r ian gle- ver tices, sid es, an gles, in ter io r an d a of Circle.
exterior, altitude and median iv. am.b m = (ab) m Area
 Quadrilateral-Sides, vertices, angles, diagonals, Algebra • Concept of measurement using a basic unit area of
adjacent sides and opposite sides (only convex Algebraic Expressions a square, rectangle, triangle, parallelogram and
quadrilateral are to be discussed), interior and circle, area between two rectangles and two
• Generate algebraic expressions (simple) involving
exterior of a quadrilateral. concentric circles.
one or two variables
 Circle-Centre, radius, diameter, arc, sector, chord, Data handling
segment, semicircle, circumference, interior and • Identifying constants, coefficient, powers
(i) Collection and organisation of data choosing the
exterior. • Like and unlike terms, degree of expressions e.g. xy2
data to collect for a hypothesis testing.
(ii) Understanding Elementary Shapes etc. (exponent  3 number of variables  2)
(ii) Mean, median an d mode of u ngr oup ed data
(2 D and 3 D) • Addition, subtraction of algebraic expressions understanding what they represent.
 Measure of line segment (coefficients should be integers).
(iii) Constructing bargraphs.
 Measure of angles • Simple lin ear eq uation s in one variable ( in
(iv)Feel of probability using data through experiments.
 Pair of lines contextual problems) with two operations (avoid
Notion of chance in events like tossing coins, dice
Intersecting and perpendicular lines complicated coefficients).
 etc. Tabulating and counting occurrences of 1
 Parallel lines Ratio and Proportion through 6 in a number of throws. Comparing the
 Types of angles-acute, obtuse, right, straight reflex, • Ratio and proportion (revision) observation with that for a coin. Observing strings
complete and zero angle • Unitary method continued consolidation, general of throws, notion of randomness.
 Classification of triangles (on the basis of sides, expression.
and of angles) • Percentagean introduction. CLASS VIII
 P r o p er ties o f p ar allel lin es with tr an sver sal • Un der stand ing percentage as a fraction with Number System
(alternate, corresponding, interior, exterior angles) denominator 100 (i) Rational Numbers:
MENSURATION • P r o p er ties o f r atio n al n u mb er s. ( in clu d in g
• Converting fractions and decimals into percentage
Concept of perimeter and introd uction t o area: and viceversa. identities). Using general form of expression to
Introduction and general understanding of perimeter describe properties.
using many shapes. Shapes of different kinds with the • Application to profit & loss (single transaction
only) • Consolidation of operations on rational numbers.
same perimeter. Concept of area, Area of a rectangle
an d a sq u ar e. C o u n ter exa m p les to d iffer en t • Application to simple interest (time period in • Representation of rational numbers on the number
misconcepts related to perimeter and area. Perimeter complete years) lin e.
of a rectangle – and its special case – a square. Deducing • B etween any two ratio nal n umb er s th er e lies
Geometry
the formula of the perimeter for a rectangle and then a another rational number (Making children see that
square through pattern and generalization. (i) Understanding shapes: if we take two rational numbers then unlike for
DATA HANDLING • Pairs of angles (linear, supplementary, complementary, whole numbers, in this case you can keep finding
(i) Wh at is d ata- ch o o sin g d ata to examin e a adjacent, vertically opposite) (verification and simple more and more numbers that lie between them.)
hyp othesis? proof of vertically opposite angles) • Wor d p r ob lem (h igh er logic, two o p er atio ns,
(ii) Collection and organisation of data examples of • Properties of parallel lines with transversal (alternate, including ideas like area)
organising it in tally bars and a table. corresponding, interior, exterior angles). (ii) Powers
(iii) P icto gr ap h -N eed f o r scalin g in p icto gr ap h s (ii) Properties of triangles: • Integers as exponents.
interpretation and construction. • Angle sum property (with notions of proof & • Laws of exponents with integral powers
(iv) Making bar graphs for given data interpreting bar verification through paper folding, proofs using (iii) Squares, Square roots, Cubes, Cube roots.
graphs. property of parallel lines, difference between proof • Square and Square roots
and verification.)
CLASS VII • Square roots using factor method and division
• Exterior angle property. method for numbers containing (a) no more than
Number System • Sum of two sides of a  > it’s third side. total 4 d igits and ( b) no more than 2 decimal
(i) Knowing our Numbers: Integers • Pythagoras Theorem (Verification only). places
• Multiplication and division of integers (through (iii) Symmetry • Cubes and cubes roots (only factor method for
patterns). Division by zero is meaningless numbers containing at most 3 digits)
• Recalling reflection symmetry
• Properties of integers (including identities for • Estimating square roots and cube roots. Learning
• Id ea o f r otational symmetry, ob servations of the process of moving nearer to the required number.
addition & multiplication, commutative, associative,
rotational symmetry of 2D objects. (90°, 120°,
distributive) through patterns. These would include (iv) Playing with numbers
180°)
examples from whole numbers as well. Involve • Writing and understanding a 2 and 3 digit number
expressing commutative and associative properties • Operation of rotation through 90° & 180° of simple
in generalized form (100a + 10b + c, where a, b,
figures.
in a general form. Construction of counterexamples, c can be only digit 09) and engaging with various
including some by children. Counter examples • Examples of figures with both rotation and reflection puzzles concerning this. (Like finding the missing
like subtraction is not commutative. symmetry (both operations) n u mer als rep r esen ted b y alp h abets in su ms
• Word problems including integers (all operations). • Examples of figures that have reflection and rotation involving any of the four operations.) Children to
symmetry and vice versa. solve and create problems and puzzles.
(ii) Fractions and rational numbers:
(iv) Representing 3D in 2D: • Number puzzles and games
• Multiplication of fractions
• Drawing 3D figures in 2D showing hidden faces. • Deducing the divisibility test rules of 2,3,5,9,10
• Fraction as an operator for a two or three digit number expressed in the
• Identification & counting of vertices edges, faces,
• Reciprocal of a fraction general form.
nets (for cubes cuboids, & cylinders, cones).
• Division of fractions Algebra
• Matching pictures with objects (Identifying names).
• Word problems involving mixed fractions (i) Algebraic Expressions
• Mapping the space around approximately through
• Introduction to rational numbers (with representation • M u ltip licatio n an d d ivisio n o f algeb r aic
visual estimation.
on number line) exp.(Coefficient should be integers)
(v) Congruence
• Operations on rational numbers (all operations) • Some common errors 2 + x  2x,
• Congruence through superposition (examples-blades,
• Representation of rational number as a decimal. 7x + y  7xy
stamps, etc.).
• Word problems on rational numbers (all operations) • Identities (a ± b) 2 = a 2 ± 2ab + b2 , a 2 - b2 = (a -
• Extend congruence to simple geometrical shapes
b) ( a + b ) Factorisation (simple cases only) as
• Multiplication and division of decimal fractions e.g. triangles, circles.
examples of the following types a(x + y), (x ±
• Conversion of units (lengths & mass) • Criteria of congruence (by verification) SSS, SAS, y) 2 , a 2 - b2 , (x + a)(x + b )
• Word problems (including all operations) ASA, RHS.
• S o lvin g linear eq u atio n s in o n e var iab le in
(iii) Powers: (vi) Construction (Using scale, protractor, compass) contextual problems involving multiplication and
• Exponents (only natural numbers.) • Construction of a line parallel to a given line from d ivisio n (wo r d p r o b lems) ( avoid co mp lex
a point outside it.(Simple proof as remark with the coefficient in the equations).
• Laws of exponents (through observing patterns to
reasoning of alternate angles)

[11]
Ratio and Proportion variables.
CLASS IX
• Slightly advanced problems involving applications UNIT IV: GEOMETRY
on percentages, profit and loss, overhead expenses, UNIT I: NUMBER SYSTEMS 1. INTRODUCTION TO EUCLID’S GEOMETRY
discount, tax. REAL NUMBERS History – Euclid and geometry in India. Euclid’s
• Difference between simple and compound interest Review of representation of natural numbers, integers, method of formalizing observed phenomenon into
(compounded yearly upto 3 years or half yearly
rational numbers on the number line. Representation rigorous mathematics with definitions, common/
upto 3 steps only), Arriving at the formula for
of terminating/ non-terminating recurring decimals, obvious notions, axioms/postulates, and theorems.
compound interest through patterns and using it
on the number line through successive magnification. The five postulates of Euclid.
for simple problems.
Rational numbers as recurring/terminating decimals. Equivalent versions of the fifth postulate. Showing
• D ir ect variatio n : S imp le an d d ir ect wo r d
Examples of non-recurring / non terminating decimals the relationship between axiom and theorem.
problems.
• Inverse variation : Simple and direct word problems. 1. Given two distinct points, there exists one and only
such as 2, 3, 5 etc. one line through them.
• Time and work problems: Simple and direct word
problems. Existence of non-rational numbers (irrational numbers) 2. Two distinct lines cannot have more than one point
in common.
Geometry
such as 2, 3 , and their representation on the 2. LINES AND ANGLES
(i) Understanding shapes
number line. Explaining that every real number is 1. If a ray stands on a line, then the sum of the two
• Properties of quadrilaterals – Sum of angles of a
represented by a unique point on the number line, and adjacent angles so formed is 180° and the converse.
quadrilateral is equal to 360°. (By verification)
conversely, every point on the number line represents 2. If two lines intersect, the vertically opposite angles
• Properties of parallelogram (By verification)
a unique real number. are equal.
(i) Opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal,
3. Results on corresponding angles, alternate angles,
(ii) Opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal. Existence of x for a given positive real number x interior angles when a transversal intersects two
(iii) Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. (visual proof to be emphasized). Definition of nth root parallel lines.
[Why (iv), (v) and (v) follow from (ii)] of a real number. 4. Lines, which are parallel to a given line, are parallel.
(iv) Diagonals of a rectangle are equal and bisect each Recall of laws of exponents with integral powers. 5. The sum of the angles of a triangle is 180°.
other. 6. If a side of a triangle is produced, the exterior angle so
Rational exponents with positive real bases (to be
(v) Diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right formed is equal to the sum of the two interiors opposite
done by particular cases, allowing learner to arrive at
angles. angles.
the general laws).
(vi) Diagonals of a square are equal and bisect each 3. TRIANGLES
Rationalization (with precise meaning) of real numbers
other at right angles. 1. Two triangles are congruent if any two sides and the
(ii) Representing 3D in 2D 1 included angle of one triangle is equal to any two
• Identify and Match pictures with objects [more of the type (& their combinations) & sides and the included angle of the other triangle
ab x (SAS Congruence).
complicated e.g. nested, joint 2D and 3D shapes
(not more than 2)] 2. Two triangles are congruent if any two angles and the
1 included side of one triangle is equal to any two
• D r awin g 2 D r ep r esen tatio n o f 3 D o b jects
(Continued and extended) x  y where x and y are natural angles and the included side of the other triangle
• Counting vertices, edges and faces and verifying (ASA Congruence).
Euler’s relation for 3D figures with flat faces (cubes, numbers and a, b are integers. 3. Two triangles are congruent if the three sides of one
cuboids, tetrahedrons, prisms and pyramids). UNIT II: ALGEBRA triangle are equal to three sides of the other triangle
1. POLYNOMIALS (SSS Congruence).
(iii) Construction:
Defin itio n o f a polyno mial in on e variable, its 4. Two right triangles are congruent if the hypotenuse
Construction of Quadrilaterals:
coefficients, with examples and counter examples, its and a side of one triangle are equal (respectively) to
• Given four sides and one diagonal. the hypotenuse and a side of the other triangle.
terms, zero polynomial. Degree of a polynomial.
• Three sides and two diagonals. 5. The angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle are
Co nstant, lin ear , qu adratic, cu bic polyno mials;
• Three sides and two included angles. equal.
mo nomials, binomials, tr ino mials. F actor s and
• Two adjacent sides and three angles. multiples. Zeros/roots of a polynomial/equation. 6. The sides opposite to equal angles of a triangle are
Mensuration Remainder Theorem with examples and analogy to equal.
(i) Area of a trapezium and a polygon. integers. Statement and proof of the Factor Theorem. 7. Triangle inequalities and relation between ‘angle and
facing side’ inequalities in triangles.
(ii) Concept of volume, measurement of volume using Factorization of ax2 + bx + c, a  0 where a, b, c are
a basic unit, volume of a cube, cuboid and cylinder. real numbers, and of cubic polynomials using the 4. QUADRILATERALS
(iii) Volume and capacity (measurement of capacity). Factor Theorem. 1. Th e d iagon al divid es a p arallelo gram into two
(iv) Surface area of a cube, cuboid and cylinder. Recall of algebraic expressions and identities. Further congruent triangles.
Dat a handling identities of the type 2. In a parallelogram opposite sides are equal, and
conversely.
(i) U n gr o u p ed d ata, ar r an gin g it in to gr o u p s, (x + y + z)2
representation of grouped data through bargraphs, 3. In a parallelogram opposite angles are equal and
= x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2zx, (x ± y)3
constructing and interpreting bargraphs. conversely.
= x3 ± y3 ± 2xy (x ± y), 4. A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if a pair of its opposite
(ii) Simple Pie charts with reasonable data numbers x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = (x + y + z) sides is parallel and equal.
(iii) Consolidating and generalising the notion of chance (x2 + y2 + z 2 – xy – yz – zx) and their use in factorization 5. In a parallelogram, the diagonals bisect each other
in events like tossing coins, dice etc. Relating it of polynomials. Simple expressions reducible to these and conversely.
to chance in life events. Visual representation of
polynomials. 6. In a triangle, the line segment joining the mid points
frequency outcomes of repeated throws of the same
kind of coins or dice. Throwing a large number of 2. LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIAB LES of any two sides is parallel to the third side and its
identical dice/coins together and aggregating the Recall of linear equations in one variable. Introduction converse.
r esu lt o f th e th r o ws to get lar ge n u mb er o f to the equation in two variables. Prove that a linear 5. AREA
in divid u al even ts. O b ser vin g th e aggr egatin g eq uatio n in two variables h as in fin itely many Review concept of area, recall area of a rectangle.
numbers over a large number of repeated events. solutions, and justify their being written as ordered 1. Parallelograms on the same base and between the
Comparing with the data for a coin. Observing pairs of real numbers, plotting them and showing that same parallels have the same area.
strings of throws, notion of randomness. they seem to lie on a line. Examples, problems from 2. Triangles on the same base and between the same
Introduction to graphs: real life, including problems on ratio and proportion parallels are equal in area and its converse.
Preliminaries: and with algebraic and graphical solutions being done
6. CIRCLES
(i) Axes (Same units), Cartesian Plane. simultaneously.
Through examples, arrive at definitions of circle related
(ii) Plo tting points for d ifferent kin d of situations UNIT III: COORDINATE GEOMETRY
concepts, radius, circumference, diameter, chord, arc,
(perimeter Vs length for squares, area as a function 1. COORDINATE GEOMETRY subtended angle.
of side of a square, plotting of multiples of different The Cartesian plane, coordinates of a point, names 1. Equal chords of a circle subtended equal angles at the
numbers, simple interest Vs number of years etc.). and terms associated with the coordinate plane,
center and its converse.
(iii) Reading off from the graphs. notations, plotting points in the plane, graph of linear
equations as examples; focus on linear equations of 2. The perpendicular from the center of a circle to a
• Reading of linear graphs. chord bisects the chord and conversely, the line drawn
the type ax + by + c = 0 by writing it as y = mx + c and
• Reading of distance vs time graph. through the center of a circle to bisect a chord is
linking with the chapter on linear equations in two

[12]
 perpendicular to the chord. c = 0(a ¹ 0). Solution of the quadratic equations figures. (In calculating area of segment of a circle,
3. There is one and only one circle passing through three (only real roots) by factorization and by completing problems should be restricted to central angle of
th e square, i.e. by using qu adr atic for mula. 60°, 90° & 120° only. Plane figures involving
given non-collinear points.
Relationship between discriminant and nature of triangles, simple quadrilaterals and circle should
4. Equal chords of a circle (or of congruent circles) are roots. Problems related to day to day activities to be taken.)
equidistant from the center(s) and conversely. be incorporated. 2. SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES
5. The angle subtended by an arc at the center is double 6. ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS (i) Problems on finding surface areas and volumes of
the angle subtended by it at any point on the remaining Motivation for studying AP. Derivation of standard combinations of any two of the following: cubes,
part of the circle. results of finding the nth term and sum of first n cuboids, spheres, hemispheres and right circular
6. Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal. terms. cylinders/cones. Frustum of a cone.
UNIT III: TRIGONOMETRY (ii) Problems involving converting one type of metallic
7. If a line segment joining two points subtends equal
1. TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS solid into another and other mixed problems.
angle at two other points lying on the same side of the (Problems with combination of not more than two
line containing the segment, the four points lie on a Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-
different solids be taken.)
circle. angled triangle. Proof of their existence (well
defined); motivate the ratios, whichever are defined UNIT VII: STATISTICS & PROBABILITY
8. The sum of the either pair of the opposite angles of a at 0° & 90 °. Values ( with p roo fs) o f the 1. STATISTICS
cyclic quadrilateral is 180° and its converse. tr igo no metric r atios of 30 °, 45° & 60 °. Mean, median and mode of grouped data (bimodal
7. CONSTRUCTIONS Relationships between the ratios. situation to be avoided). Cumulative frequency
1. Construction of bisectors of line segments & angles, 2. TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES graph.
60°, 90°, 45° angles etc, equilateral triangles. Proof and applications of the identity sin 2 A + 2. PROBABILITY
cos2 A = 1 Only simple identities to be given. Classical definition of probability. Connection with
2. Construction of a triangle given its base, sum/difference
Trigonometric ratios of complementary angles. probability as given in Class IX. Simple problems
of the other two sides and one base angle.
3. HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES on single events, not using set notation.
3. Construction of a triangle of given perimeter and base
Simple and believable problems on heights and
angles.
distances. CLASS XI
UNIT V: MENSURATION Problems should not involve more than two right UNIT-I: SETS AND FUNCTIONS
1. AREAS triangle. Angles of elevation/depression should be
1. Sets:
Area of a triangle using Hero’s formula (without proof) only 30°, 45°, 60°.
Sets and their representations. Empty set. Finite & Infinite
and its application in finding the area of a quadrilateral. UNIT IV: COORDINATE GEOMETRY
sets. Equal sets. Subsets. Subsets of the set of real numbers
2. SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES 1. LINES (In two-dimensions) especially intervals (with notations). Power set. Universal
Surface areas and volumes of cubes, cuboids, spheres Review the concepts of coordinate geometry done set. Venn diagrams.
(including hemispheres) and right circular cylinders/ earlier including graphs of linear equations.
Union and Intersection of sets. Difference of sets.
cones. Awareness of geometrical representation of quadratic Complement of a set.
polynomials. Distance between two points and
UNIT VI: STATISTICS & PROBABILITY 2. Relations & Functions:
section formula (internal). Area of a triangle.
1. STATISTICS UNIT V : GEOMETRY Ordered pairs, Cartesian product of sets. Number of
In tro du ction to Statistics: C ollectio n o f data, elements in the cartesian product of two finite sets.
1. TRIANGLES
presentation of data – tabular form, ungrouped/grouped, Cartesian product of the reals with itself (upto R R R ´´).
Definitions, examples, counter examples of similar
bar graphs, histograms (with varying base lengths), Definition of relation, pictorial diagrams, domain, co-
triangles.
frequency polygons, qualitative analysis of data to domain and range of a relation.
1. If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle
choose the correct form of presentation for the collected Function as a special kind of relation from one set to
to intersect the other two sides in distinct points,
data. Mean, median, mode of ungrouped data. then other two sides are divided in the same ratio. another. Pictorial representation of a function, domain,
co-domain & range of a function. Real valued function of
2. PROBABILITY 2. If a line divides two sides of a triangle in the same
the real variable, domain and
History, Repeated experiments and observed frequency ratio, the line is parallel to the third side.
range of these functions, constant, identity, polynomial,
ap pro ach to p rob ability. Fo cus is on empirical 3. If in two triangles, then the corresponding angles
rational, modulus, signum and greatest integer functions
probability. (A large amount of time to be devoted to are equal, their corresponding sides are proportional
then the triangles are similar. with their graphs. Sum, difference, product and quotients
group and to individual activities to motivate the of functions.
concept; the experiments to be drawn from real - life 4. If the corresponding sides of two triangles are
proportional, their corresponding angles are equal 3. Trigonometric Functions:
situations, and from examples used in the chapter on
then the two triangles are similar. Positive and negative angles. Measuring angles in radians
statistics).
5. If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of & in degrees and conversion from one measure to another.
another triangle and the sides including these angles Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of
CLASS X are proportional, then the two triangles are similar. unit circle. Truth of the
UNIT I: NUMBER SYSTEMS 6. If a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the identity sin2x + cos2x = 1, for all x. Signs of trigonometric
1. REAL NUMBERS right angle of a right triangle to the hypotenuse, functions and sketch of their graphs.
Euclid’s division lemma, Fundamental Theorem the triangles on each side of the perpendicular are Expressing sin (x + y) and cos (x + y) in terms of sinx,
of Arithmetic - statements after reviewing work similar to the whole triangle and to each other. siny, cosx & cosy. Deducing the identities like
done earlier and after illustrating and motivating 7. The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is following :
through examples. eq ual to the ratio of th e squ ares o n their
corresponding sides.
tan x  y
Ir ration ality of 2 , 3 , 5 d ecimal 8. In a right triangle, the square on the hypotenuse tan  x  y  
expan sions of rational n umber s in ter ms of is equal to the sum of the squares on the other 1  tan x  tan y
terminating/non-terminating recurring decimals. two sides.
UNIT II: ALGEBRA 9. In a triangle, if the square on one side is equal
cot x cot y  1
3. POLYNOMIALS to sum of the squares on the other two sides, the cot  x  y  
Zeros of a polynomial. Relationship between zeros angles opposite two the first side is a right triangle. cot x  cot y
and coefficients of a polynomial with particular 2. CIRCLES
reference to quadratic polynomials. Statement and Tangents to a circle motivated by chords drawn
simple p rob lems on division algor ith m f or from points coming closer and closer to the point.
x y x y
sin x  sin y  2 sin cos
polynomials with real coefficients. 1. The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular 2 2
4. PAI R OF LINEAR EQU ATION S IN TWO to the radius through the point of contact.
VARIAB LES 2. The lengths of tangents drawn from an external x y x y
Pair of linear equations in two variables. Geometric point to circle are equal. cos x  cos y  2 cos cos
representation of different possibilities of solutions/ 3. CONSTRUCTIONS 2 2
inconsistency.
1. Division o f a line segment in a given ratio
Algebraic conditions for number of solutions. (internally) x y xy
Solution of pair of linear equations in two variables sin x  sin y  2 cos sin
2. Tangent to a circle from a point outside it. 2 2
algebraically – by substitution, by elimination and
by cr oss multiplicatio n. Simple situ ation al 3. Construction of a triangle similar to a given triangle.
problems must be included. Simple problems on UNIT VI: MENSURATION x y xy
equations reducible to linear equations may be 1. AREAS OF PLANE FIGURES cos x  cos y   2sin sin
included. Motivate the area of a circle; area of sectors and
2 2
5. QUADRATIC EQUATIONS segments of a circle. Problems based on areas and Identities related to sin 2x, cos2x, tan 2x, sin3x, cos3x
Standard form of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + perimeter/circumference of the above said plane and tan3x. General solution of trigonometric equations of

[13]
the type sinq = sina, cosq = cosa and tanq = tan a. Proofs with the theories of earlier classes. Probability of an event, 4. Applications of the Integrals:
and simple applications of sine and cosine formulae. probability of ‘not’, ‘and’ & ‘or’ events. Applications in finding the area under simple curves,
UNIT – II: ALGEBRA especially lines, arcs of circles/ parabolas/ellipses (in
1. Principle of Mathematical Induction: CLASS XII standard form only), area between the two above said
curves (the region should be clearly identifiable).
Processes of the proof by induction, motivating the Compulsory for all
application of the method by looking at natural numbers 5. Differential Equations:
RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
as the least inductive subset of real numbers. The principle Definition, order and degree, general and particular
1. Relations and Functions:
of mathematical induction and simple applications. solutions of a differential equation. Formation of differential
Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equation whose general solution is given. Solution of
2. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations:
equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions, differential equations by method of separation of variables,
Need for complex numbers, especially -1 , to be motivated composite functions, inverse of a function. Binary homogeneous differential equations of first order and first
by inability to solve every quadratic equation. Brief operations. degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the
description of algebraic properties of complex numbers. 2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions: type :
Argand plane and polar representation of complex numbers.
Definition, range, domain, principal value branches.
Statement of Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, solution Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions. Elementary dy
of quadratic equations in the complex number system.
properties of inverse trigonometric functions.  p x y  qx , where p(x) and q (x) are
3. Linear Inequalities: ALGEB RA
dx
Linear inequalities. Algeb raic solu tions of linear functions of x.
1. Matrices:
inequalities in one variable and their representation on LINEAR PROGRAMMING
the number line. Graphical solution of linear inequalities Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero
matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew 1. Linear Programming:
in two variables. Solution of system of linear inequalities
in two variables- graphically. symmetric matrices. Addition, multiplication and scalar Introduction, definition of related terminology such as
multiplication of matrices, simple properties of addition, constraints, objective function, optimization, different
4. Permutations & Combinations:
mu ltiplicatio n and scalar multiplication. No n- types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, mathematical
Fu ndamental p rinciple of coun tin g. Facto rial n. commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence formulation of L.P. problems, graphical method of
Permutations and combinations, derivation of formulae of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix solution for problems in two variables, feasible and
and their connections, simple applications. (restrict to square matrices of order 2). Concept of infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions,
5. Binomial Theorem: elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices op timal feasible so lu tio ns (up to three n on- tr ivial
History, statement and proof of the binomial theorem for and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here constrains).
positive integral indices. Pascal’s triangle, general and all matrices will have real entries). PROBABILITY
middle term in binomial expansion, simple applications. 2. Determinants: 1. Probability:
6. Sequence and Series: Determinant of a square matrix (upto 3 × 3 matrices), Multiplication theorem on pro bability. Cond itio nal
Sequence and Series. Arithmetic progression (A. P.), properties of determinants, probability, independent events, total probability, Baye’s
arithmetic mean (A.M.). Geometric progression (G.P.), minors, cofactors and applications of determinants in theorem. Random variable and its probability distribution,
general term of a G. P., sum of n terms of a G.P., geometric finding the area of a mean and variance of haphazard variable. Repeated
mean (G.M.), relation between A.M. and G.M. Sum to n tr ian gle. Adjoin t and inver se of a square matrix. independent (Bernoulli) trials and Binomial distribution.
Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of For Science stream students
terms of the special series:  n,  n2 and  n3 . system of linear equations by examples, solving system 1. Vectors:
of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique
UNIT- III: COORDINATE GEOMETRY Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector.
solution) using inverse of a matrix.
1. Straight Lines: Direction cosines/
CALCULUS
Brief recall of 2D from earlier classes. Slope of a line and ratios of vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero,
angle between two lines. Various forms of equations of a 1. Continuity and Differentiability: parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point,
line: parallel to axes, point-slope form, slope-intercept Continuity and differentiability, derivative of composite negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of
form, two -point form, intercepts form and normal form. functions, chain rule, derivatives of inverse trigonometric vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position
General equation of a line. Distance of a point from a line. functions, derivative of implicit function. Concept of vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio.
2. Conic Sections: exponential and logarithmic functions and their derivative. Scalar (dot) product of vectors, projection of a vector on
Logarithmic differentiation. Derivative of functions a line. Vector (cross) product of vectors.
Sections of a cone: circles, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, a expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives.
point, a straight line and pair of intersecting lines as a 2. Three - dimensional Geometry:
Rolle’s and Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorems (without
degenerated case of a conic section. Standard equations Direction cosines/ratios of a line joining two points.
proof) and their geometric interpretations.
and simple properties of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola. Cartesian and vector equation of a line, coplanar and
2. Applications of Derivatives: skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian
Standard equation of a circle.
Applications of derivatives: rate of change, increasing/ and vector equation of a plane. Angle between (i) two
3. Introduction to Three -dimensional Geometry
decreasing functions, tangents & normals, approximation, lines, (ii) two planes, (iii) a line and a plane. Distance of
Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions. maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated a point from a plane.
Coordinates of a point in space. Distance between two geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable
points and section formula. For Non - Science stream students
tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles
UNIT-IV: CALCULUS 1. Partnership
and understanding of the subject as well as reallife
1. Limits and Derivatives: situations). Basic definitions, sharing of profits, partner’s salaries and
interest on Capital, Profit sharing on Admission of a New
Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of 3. Integrals:
Partner of Retirement of an existing partner.
distance function and geometrically, intuitive Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration
2. Bill of Exchange
idea of derivatives. Definition of derivative, limits, limits of a variety of
of trigonometric functions. Bill of Exchange, True Discount, Banker’s Discount and
functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by
Banker’s Gain.
UNIT-V: MATHEMATICAL REASONING parts, only simple integrals of the type
3. Linear Programming
1. Mathematical Reasoning:
dx dx dx Lin ear Programming Problems, Different Areas of
Mathematically acceptable statements. Connecting words/
phrases - consolidating the understanding of “if and only
 x2  a 2 ,  x  a2
2
,
 a  x2
2
, Applications of Linear Programming Problems, Basic
Concepts of Linear Programming Problems, Mathematical
if (necessary and sufficient) condition”, “implies”, “and/ Fo rmu lation o f a Linear P rogramming Pro blem,
or”, “implied by”, “61nd”, “or”, “there exists” and dx dx Advantages of Linear Programming Problems, Limitations
their use through variety of examples related to real life
and Mathematics. Validating the statements involving
 ax 2  bx  c ,  ax2  bx  c of Linear Programming, The Graphical Method of Solving
and LPP, Some Exceptional Cases.
the connecting words-difference between contradiction,
converse and contrapositive.  px  q   px  q 
UNIT-VI: STATISTICS & PROBABILITY  ax2  bx  c dx,  ax 2  bx  c
dx, GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
1. Statistics: SYLLABUS GUIDELINES
Measure of dispersion; mean deviation, variance and
a 2  x 2 dx and x 2  a 2 dx
standard deviation of ungrouped/grouped data. Analysis
of frequency distributions with equal means but different
  CLASS I
Look & say, who am I ,whose home, whom they belong,
variances.
buildings, colors, words & stories, plant & animals,
2. Probability: to be evaluated.
wo rld an d its people, f estivals, wearing, place of
Random experiments: outcomes, sample spaces (set Definite integrals as a limit of a sum.
worship, sightseeing, sports and fun, music, famous
representation). Events: occurrence of events, ‘not’, ‘and’ Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof). Basic peoples, leaders, simple science, our earth, seasons,
& ‘or’ events, exhaustive events, mutually exclusive properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite safety rules, India & world visit.
events. Axiomatic (set theoretic) probability, connections integrals

[14]
  7 Wonders of the world (Ancient/Modern) Knowledge l  Classification  l  Answering  General
CLASS II questions l Understanding through definition and
Latest General Knowledge
Look & say , who am I , Road signs, colors, shapes, example. 
 Sports Current Affairs
manners, holy books, odd one out, animals & birds Section III.
voice, land & water life, festivals, calendar, weather,  Winners of Padma Vibhushan
Grammar formation and use l Sentences l Noun l
temples, famous sightseeing, sports persons, dance ,  Winners of Padma Bhushan Pronoun l Verb l Articles l Preposition l Conjunction l
great personalities, general science, basic computer,  Winners of Padma Shri Antonyms/ Synonyms l Use of possessives l Jumbled
India & world today.  Commonwealth Games medals tally sentences. Section IV. Understanding developing
writing skill l Story construction l Short paragraph
 Commonwealth Games medal winners for India
CLASS III construction
 Award, Honours And Prizes
Look & say, our environment, where will u see, foods,
 Chief Justice of India(present) CLASS IV
habitat, shapes, writers and books, plant & animals,
 Chief Election Commission of India(present)
means of transports, my country, temples, famous Section I.
sightseeing, p eop le, cu rren cy, sp orting events and Comprehension :
trophies, music and dance, leaders of India, Famous CLASS XI TO XII
 Based on General topics
foreigners, solar system & space, body parts, basic  General Awareness
computer, around the world.  Story based topics.
 General Knowledge at a Glance
Section II.
 General Science (Astronomy, Biology, Physics,
CLASS IV Knowledge :
Chemistry, Computer Science, Engineering & Tech
Signs & symbols, one word , comics & comics heroes, Science, Environmental Science, Human Body &  Classification
abbreviation, science & inventions , books & authors, Biomedical Science, Earth, Importance of measure  Analogy
animals & plants behaviours, India tour, capitals, State to Science & Meteorology)
 Answer of General question.
& religions, dress up, foods, festivals, dance & music,  Geography (Indian Geography & World Geography)
sporting events and trophies , famous Indian & world Section III.
 Indian Economy
personalities. Grammar :
 History (Indian History & World History)
 Sentence
 Indian National Movement
CLASS V  Noun
 Indian Politics
Animals & plants, nature facts, books & authors, tales  Pronoun
of India, music & instruments, space science, cinema  Verb
& TV quiz, discoveries & inventories, everyday science,
ENGLISH
 Article
sports scan. Books & authors, art & culture, world SYLLABUS GUIDELINES
geography.  Preposition
Based on CBSE, ICSE & GCSE Syllabus & NCF
guidelines devised by NCERT  Conjunction
CLASS VI  Antonyms
CLASS I  Synonyms
Indian literature, animals kingdom, dishes worldwide,
od d on e o ut, tou rist places, earth & space, wor ld  Jumbled sentence
geogr ap hy, sp or ts & win ner s, wo rld personalities. Section I.  Elementary knowledge of tenses through use of
Movies & awards, India’s & worlds. Abbreviations. Comprehension: General  topics  (One  word  answers), possessives. 
Story based (One word answers should be of one word).
Section IV.
CLASS VII TO X Section II.
Writing Skills :
Knowledge: Identification  of  things/objects  of  daily
General Knowledge  Story construction
use, Id en tification o f characters, Identificatio n of
 Awards, Honours and Prizes Monuments/places, Answering general questions.  Short composition
 Longest, Highest, Greatest, Deepest, First, Largest, Section III.
Busiest, Heaviest, Tallest, Smallest, Most, Least in Grammar: Alphabetical order, Use of small /capital CLASS V
World and India. letters, Correct spellings/ pronunciation of a word and Section I.
 Important Cities, Places, Building of the world knowledge of sounds, Noun (Elementary knowledge
Comprehension l  General  topic  l  Story  based. 
 Countries/Cities-old and New Names and recognition), Pronoun (Elementary knowledge and
r eco gn itio n) , Ver b ( Elemen tar y kno wled ge an d Section II.
 Geographical surnames (Sobriquets-Nicknames) recognition), Singular/plural, Formation of short and Knowledge l  Classification  l  Analogy  l  Distinguishing
 India’s Major river valley projects (Irrigational/Multi simple sentences, Opposite words, Synonyms. between real and imaginary l Distinguishing between fact
purpose) and opinion l Distinguishing through definition and
CLASS II example.
 Major Thermal power projects
Section III.
 Important riverside cities of India Section I.
Grammar l  Sentences  l  Noun  l  Pronoun  l  Verb  l Articles
 Famous Places, Towns and Cultural heritage of Comprehension 
l Preposition l Conjunction l Voice l Direct and indirect
India.  General topics (One line answer) speech l Antonym / Synonym l Elementary Idea of tenses
 Presidents of India  Story based (One line answer) l Jumbled sentences.
 Vice Presidents of India Section II. Section IV.
 Prime Ministers of India Knowledge  Writing Skills l Story Construction l Essay Construction.
 Identification of great personalities
 Chief Justices of India
 Identification of characters CLASS VI
 Chief Election Commissioners of India
 Answering general question. Section I.
 Important organisations and founders
Section III. Comprehension l  Based  on  General  topics  l  Story  /
 Socio-religious reform movements in India (Hindu/
Grammar  Incident based l Stanza based.
Muslim organisations)
 Sentence formation from Jumbled words
 Leaders of Bhakti Movements Section II.
 Use of sounds
 Battles and wars in India Knowledge l Classification l Analogy l Distinguishing
 Noun
 Important foreign travellers/envoys and their travel between Fact and Opinion l Identification through
 Pronoun
accounts about India defin ition and example l An ton yms /Synon yms l
 Verbs
 Indian Press Jumbled sentence.
 Articles
 First in India Section III.
 Singular/plural
 Musical Instruments and Artists Grammar l  Noun  l Pronoun  l  Verb  l Adverb  l  Preposition
 Indian classical dances and related areas CLASS III l Conjunction l Tenses l Voice l Modals.
 Geographical Discoveries Section I. Section IV.
 Scientific Units Comprehension l Based on General Topics l Story based Analysis l  Inferring  information  l  Judging  completeness
Sports Terms topics. of process l Judging logic of actions l Judging story

Section II logic. 
 Some important Cups & Trophies

[15]
Section V.  Story / Incident based
Writing Skills l Paragraph l Essay l Letters  Based on current affairs Miscellaneous.
 Stanza based.
CLASS VII Section II. Knowledge CLASS III
Section I.  Classification
Generation s of Co mputer s; Har dware & Software;
Comprehension 1. Based on General topics 2. Story /  Analogy
Explor e K eybo ard ; In put & Outp ut Devices; Data
Incident based 3. Stanza based.  Word-meanings
Storage; Familiarity with Windows; Paint Brush.
 Jumbled sentences
Section II.
 Antonym/ synonym.
Knowledge l  Classification  l  Analogy  l  Distinguishing CLASS IV
Section III. Grammar 
between Fact and O pinion l Iden tification thr ough
( All Topics :— Recognition and Use). G en er atio n s o f C o mp u ter s; C o mp uter an d its
definition and example l Antonyms /Synonyms l Jumbled
Section IV. Analysis l Peripherals; Computer Memories; Characteristics of
sentence. 
 Inferring information Memory Devices; Software Classification; A brief about
Section III.
 Judging completeness of process Co mp uter Lan gu ages; F un damentals o f Wind ows;
Grammar l  Noun  l Pronoun  l  Verb  l Adverb  l  Preposition  Judging logic of actions Hands on with Paint Brush; working with MS-Word.
l Conjunction l Tenses l Voice l Modals l Clauses l  Judging story logic.
Determiners.  Section V. Writing Skills  CLASS V
Section IV.  Notice, Message, Telegram and Reports C atego r ies o f C o mp u ter s & M emor y D evice;
Analysis l  Inferring  information  l  Judging  completeness  Paragraph Un der stan din g Windo ws; Wo rkin g with MS- Wor d;
of process l Judging logic of actions l Judging story  Letters Applications of Multimedia; Understanding Internet.
logic.
Section V. CLASS X
CLASS VI
Writing Skills l Paragraph l Essay l Letters l Notice, Section I. Comprehension
World of Computers; Input & Output Devices; Word
Message, and Reports  General topics
P r o cessin g; S p r ead sh eet; Win d o ws; M u ltimed ia,
 Story / Incident based
Networking & Internet.
CLASS VIII  Based on current affairs
 Stanza based.
Section I. Comprehension CLASS VII
Section II. Knowledge
 Based on General topics
 Classification A Walk T h r o u gh C o mp u ter s; Typ es o f co mp u ter
 Story
 Analogy Lan gu ages; Co mpu ter N etwor kin g and its U sage;
 Incident based
 Word-meanings Windows Explorer; Microsoft Word; Understanding
 Stanza based.
 Jumbled sentences World of Internet; Microsoft Excel; Introduction of
Section II.Knowledge 
 Antonym/ synonym. Power-point.
 Classification
Section III.
 Analogy
Applied Grammar (All Topics).  CLASS VIII
 Distinguishing between Fact and Opinion
Section IV. Analysis  Tech n o lo gical D evelo p men t o f C o mp u ter s; H o w
 Identification through definition and example l
Antonyms /Synonyms  Jumbled sentence.  Inferring information
Computer Works?; Computer Software Fundamentals;
Section III.Grammar (Uses and application of all topics  Judging completeness of process
C o d in g with Lo go ; M an agin g Wind o ws; Wo r d
mentioned below)  Judging logic of actions
Judging story logic. processing with MS-Word; Surfing the NET
 Noun 
 Pronoun Section V. Writing Skills 
 Verb  Notice, Message, Telegram and Reports CLASS IX
 Adverb  Paragraph C o mp u ter Devices & P r o gr ammin g Lan agu age;
 Preposition  Letters Operating Systems; Computer and Communication;
 Conjunction
MS-Word; MS-Excel; PowerPoint
 Tenses CLASS XI TO XII
 Voice The paper will be essentially based on general english
Modals but may also contain reading an unseen passage and CLASS IX

poem. Writing, Seminar,Text for detailed study, Drama, C o mp u ter Devices & P r o gr ammin g Lan agu age;
 Clauses
Fiction, Advanced, Reading Skills. Effective Writing
 Determiners.  Skills, Applied Grammar, Literature, Conversation Skills Operating Systems; Computer and Communication;
Section IV. Analysis  (Listening + Speaking) MS-Word; MS-Excel; PowerPoint
 Inferring information
 Judging completeness of process CYBER CLASS X
 Judging logic of actions SYLLABUS GUIDELINES
 Judging story logic. Th e Wo rld of Internet; World Wide Web; In tern et
Based on CBSE, ICSE & GCSE Syllabus & NCF
Section V. guidelines revised by NCERT Usage; HTML (Hyper Text Markup Lanaguage); MS-
Writing Skills  Access
 Paragraph CLASS I
 Essay What is Computer? Main parts of a Computer : De- CLASS XI
 Letters vices used with a Computer. How to Operate your
Computer? What Computer can Do? Computer Hardware; Windows Server & Website;
 Notice, Message, and Reports
C++; Algorithms; Oracle; Visual Basic.
CLASS IX CLASS II
Section I. Comprehension C o mp u ter s En vir o n men t; P ar ts o f a C o mp u ter ; CLASS XII
 General topics App lication o f C o mp u ter s; S tart & S h u t d o wn a C++; Visual Basic; Networking; Multimedia & web
Computer; Keyboard; Input/Output Device; MS-Paint; Technology; RDBMS.



[16]
 NSSO Syllabus
Class 1 to Class 4
Questions will be based on General Science (related to Space)

Class 5 & Class 6

Unit 1 Our Solar System

Unit 2 The Sun

Unit 3 Planets

Unit 4 Earth

Unit 5 Galaxies

Unit 6 Our Universe

Unit 7 Asteroids

Unit 8 Comets

Unit 9 Eclipse

Unit 10 Solar Eclipse/Lunar Eclipse

Class 7 & Class 8

Unit 1 Our Solar System

Unit 2 The Sun

Unit 3 Inner Planets (Mercury, Venus, Mars & Earth)

Unit 4 Outer Planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus & Neptune)

Unit 5 Smaller Bodies in Solar System.

Unit 6 Comets/Asteroids/Meteoroids

Unit 7 Galaxies

Unit 8 Milky Way Galaxy

Unit 9 Eclipse

Unit 10 Solar Eclipse/Lunar Eclipse

 Class 9 & Class 10
Unit 1 History of Astronomy.

Unit 2 Overview of Solar System.

Unit 3 The Distribution and Orbits of Planets.

Unit 4 Physical Characteristics of Planets.

Unit 5 Earth’s Motion

Unit 6 Earth and Moon

Unit 7 Terrestrial Planets

Unit 8 Jovian Planets

Unit 9 Smaller Bodies in Solar System.

Unit 10 Asteroids/Comets/Meteoroids

Unit 11 Galaxies

Unit 12 Stars

Unit 13 The Sun and its Structure.

Unit 14 Cosmology

Unit 15 External Galaxies

Unit 16 Hubble’s Law

Class 11
Unit 1 Basic Astrophysics

Unit 2 Coordinate & Times

Unit 3 Solar System

Unit 4 Stars

Unit 5 Stellar System

Unit 6 Cosmology

Unit 7 Instrumentation & Space Technologies, with emphasis on Physics &

Maths.
 Syllabus Guidelines
for Class
9th & 10th (Financial Literacy [FL])
1. Money
■ History of money
■ Barter system
■ Importance and concept of money
■ Coins
■ Paper money
■ Plastic money
■ E-Money

2. General and Household Economics

■ Earnings
■ Nature of Earnings
■ Needs and wants
■ List your expenses
■ Find Simple ways to save money
■ Expenditure, Cost and Prices, Inflation
■ Savings & Thrift, What you save is what you earn
■ Borrowing-Mild Definition
■ Investment-Mild Definition
■ Interest-Mild Definition
■ Interest Rate-Mild Definition

3. Stock Exchange especially B.S.E.

 Syllabus Guidelines
for Class
11th & 12th (Financial Literacy [FL])
1. Banking ■ CIBIL
■ Definition ■ Regulator – Role of RBI
■ Role of Bank – in growth of saving and 2. Investment
Investment
■ Piggy Bank
■ Types of banks
■ Principles of Investment – Safety, Liquidity
■ Services offered by banks and Return
■ Deposits and Loans ■ Bank Saving
■ Types of A/c ■ FD, RD, Post office Savings
■ Opening a bank A/c ■ POMIS,NSC
■ How to Transact with banks ■ PPF
■ KYC norms – (A/c opening form, Address ■ NPS
Proof)
■ Bonds and Debentures
■ How to read bank statement
■ Shares
■ Banking products and services
■ Mutual funds
■ Calculating Interests – Saving, FD, Simple
■ Gold and Silver
and Compound Interest
■ Real Estate
■ Power of compounding
■ Arts and other investments
■ Loans
■ Commodities
■ Types of loans
■ Asset allocation
■ Definition of EMI
■ Risk and Return
■ Calculation of EMI
■ Basics of Investment – liquidity, credit
■ Difference between Banks and Money
Lenders ■ Compounding and Time value of money
■ Micro Finance ■ Nominal and Real Return (Inflation)
■  How to make a complaint – Banking ■ Effect of taxes
complaints ■ Long term v/s Short term
■ Ombudsman
3. Behaviour Aspects
■ Basic of foreign Exchange
■ Concept of Needs and Wants
■ Importance and Use of Foreign Exchange
■ Helping the needy
■ Check Counterfeit Currency
 ■ Spend wisely v/s waste spending ■ Exclusions
■ Conscious Consumption – lavish ■ Differences between Insurance and
■ Impulsive spending Investment

■ Whatever you save is what you earn 5. Financial Planning

■ Using money responsibly ■ Meaning
■ Avoiding cash payments ■ Household financial health check up
■ Insisting on Bills ■ Important life stages
■ Dangers of excessive borrowing ■ Education
■ Repayment of loans ■ Medical and other Emergencies
■ Make informed choices ■ Social obligations
■ Ownership of your financial decision ■ Goal setting
■ Take care of your old ones ■ Budgeting
■ Tax Payment ■ Marriage
■ Insider Trading ■ Buying a house
■ Up Keep your Financial records ■ Plan a vacation
■ Free advise may be injurious ■ Retirement planning

4. Insurance ■ Price of procrastination

■ Meaning 6. Retirement and Estate planning

■ Need and Wants ■ Concept
■ Loss protection ■ PPF, EPF, Gratuity, NPS, SCSS
■ Life, non-life and health ■ Finacial need after retirement
■ Benefits of Insurance ■ Three Stages –Saving, Accumulating and
■ Term plans Dis-saving
■ Investment plans ■ Calculating of corpus required after
retirement
■ Hybrid plans-Ulip etc.
■ Protection from Inflation
■ Agents, advisors
■ Reverse Mortage
■ Role of Insurance companies
■ Definition of will
■ Regulator -IRDA
■ Making a will
■ Ombudsman
■ How to take a new policy 7. Grievance and Redressal
■ How to revive an old policy ■ Financial Advisor, CA, CFP, CPFA
■ Transaction cycle ■ Basic terms and processes in Securities
■ Nomination Market
■ Assignment ■ Market rumors and tips
■ Claims settlement ■ Sources of reliable information
 ■ What are Indices (SENSEX and NIFTY) 11. C
 onsumer protection and redressal
■ Investment v/s speculation mechanism
■ Rights of Consumers
8. Use of Technology Do and Don’ts
■ Applicable to financial services
■ Password protection
■ Filing a complaint
■ NEFT and RGTS
■ Complain to entity concerned
■ ATM
■ Regulators
■ Online trading
■ Arbitration
■ Internet banking
■ Consumer courts
■ Need for keeping mobile number with
banks ■ Govt. Websites-(PG Portals)
■ Three in one account ■ Investor Associations
■ Need of protecting your online account 12. Taxes
■ Functioning of stock exchanges ■ Meaning
■ Depository working mechanism ■ Need of Taxes
■ Algorithmic trading ■ Types of taxes
9. Scams, Frauds Schemes ■ How taxes impact income
■ Free tips ■ Income, wealth and gift tax
■ Insider trading ■ Service tax, STT, Stamp Duty
■ Money laundering ■ Tax planning v/s tax evasion
■ Phishing mail about winning a lottery ■ Tax rates
■ Price rigging ■ Tax free bonds
■ Real Estate frauds ■ Tax saving investment
■ Banking and Credit card scams 13. I mportance of maintaining financial
■ Preventive measures from getting duped records
■ PAN and its utility
10. Borrowings-Need for borrowing
■ Aadhar card
■ Need for borrowing Source of borrowing
■ Demat Account
■ Merit and demerits of borrowing
■ Bank statements and passbooks
■ How much to borrow
■ Insurance policies
■ Avoid life of credit
■ Tax return
■ Comparing interest rate on loan offering
■ Property documents
■ Importance of timely payment
■ Helpline numbers of services
■ Credit cards – Merits and Demerits
14. Stock Exchanges especially B.S.E.