2 B.

BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 Chapter – 01

Getting Started

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 3

 Chapter – 02

C Instructions

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 2, j = 3, k, l;
float a, b;
k = i / j * j;
l = j / i * i;
a = i / j * j;
b = j / i * i;
printf("%d %d %f %f\n", k, l, a, b);
return 0;
}

Output:

0 2 0.000000 2.000000

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a, b, c, d;
a = 2 % 5;
b = -2 % 5;
c = 2 % -5;
d = -2 % -5;
printf("a = %d b = %d c = %d d = %d\n", a, b, c, d);
return 0;
}

Output:

a = 2 b = -2 c = 2 d = -2

4 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

(c)

# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a = 5, b = 2;
int c, d;
c = a % b;
d = a / 2;
printf("%d\n", d);
return 0;
}

Output:

Error. Mod ( % ) operator cannot be used on floats

(d)

# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("nn \n\n nn\n");
printf("nn /n/n nn/n");
return 0;
}

Output:

nn

nn
nn /n/n nn/n

(e)

# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a, b;
printf("Enter values of a and b");
scanf(" %d %d ", &a, &b);
printf("a = %d b = %d", a, b);
return 0;
}

Output:

Since spaces are given after and before double quotes in scanf( ) we must
supply a space, then two numbers and again a space followed by enter. The
printf( ) would then output the two number that you enter.

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 5

 Chapter – 03

Decision Control Instruction

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 300, b, c;
if (a >= 400)
b = 300;
c = 200;
printf("%d %d\n", b, c);
return 0;
}

Output:

0 200

b will contain some garbage value and c will be equal to 200

(b)

# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 500, b, c;
if (a >= 400)
b = 300;
printf("%d %d\n", b, c);
return 0;
}

Output:

300 0

(c)

# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 10, y = 20;
if (x == y);
printf("%d %d\n", x, y);
return 0;
}

6 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

Output:

10 20

(d)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 3;
float y = 3.0;
if (x == y)
printf("x and y are equal\n");
else
printf("x and y are not equal\n");
return 0;
}

Output:

x and y are equal

(e)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 3, y, z;
y = x = 10;
z = x < 10;
printf("x = %d y = %d z = %d\n", x, y, z);
return 0;
}

Output:

x = 10 y = 10 z = 0

(f)

# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 65;
char j = 'A';
if (i == j)
printf("C is WOW\n");
else
printf("C is a headache\n");
return 0;
}

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 7

Output:

C is WOW

8 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 Chapter – 04

More Complex Decision Making

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 4, z = 12;
if (i = 5 | z > 50)
printf("Dean of students affairs\n");
else
printf("Dosa\n");
return 0;
}

Output:

Dean of students affairs

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main( )
{
int i = 4, j = -1, k = 0, w, x, y, z;
w = i || j | k;
x = i && j && k;
y = i | j && k;
z = i && j | k;
printf("w = %d x = %d y = %d z = %d\n", w, x, y, z);
return 0 ;
}

Output:

w = 1 x = 0 y = 0 z = 1

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 9

(c)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 20, y = 40, z = 45;
if (x > y && x > z)
printf("biggest = %d\n", x);
else if (y > x && y > z)
printf("biggest = %d\n", y);
else if (z > x && z > y)
printf("biggest = %d\n", z);
return 0;
}

Output:

biggest = 45

(d)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = -1, j = 1, k, l;
k = !i && j;
l = !i | j;
printf("%d %d\n", i, j);
return 0;
}

Output:

-1 1

(e)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = -4, j, num;
j = (num < 0 ? 0 : num * num);
printf("%d\n", j);
return 0;
}

Output:

Unpredictable. num not initialised

10 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

(f)

# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int k, num = 30;
k = (num > 5 ? (num <= 10 ? 100 : 200) : 500);
printf("%d\n", num);
return 0;
}

Output:

30

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 11

 Chapter – 05

Loop Control Instruction

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 1;
while (i <= 10);
{
printf("%d\n", i);
i++;
}
return 0;
}

Output:

No Output Indefinite while loop because of a ‘;’ at the end of while

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 4, y, z;
y = --x;
z = x--;
printf("%d %d %d\n", x, y, z);
return 0;
}

Output:

2 3 3

(c)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 4, y = 3, z;
z = x-- - y;
printf("%d %d %d\n", x, y, z);
return 0;
}

12 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

Output:

3 3 1

(d)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
while ('a' < 'b')
printf(" malayalam is a palindrome\n");
return 0;
}

Output:

‘malayalam is a palindrome’ will be printed indefinitely

(e)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i;
while (i = 10)
{
printf("%d\n", i);
i = i + 1;
}
return 0;
}

Output:

10 will be printed indefinitely.

(f)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float x = 1.1;
while (x == 1.1)
{
printf("%f\n", x);
x = x - 0.1;
}
return 0;
}

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 13

Output:

No output. Since a float variable is compared with double constant,

condition will not satisfy.

14 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 Chapter – 06

More Complex Repetitions

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 0;
for (; i;)
printf("Here is some mail for you\n");
return 0;
}

Output:

No Output

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i;
for (i = 1; i <= 5; printf("%d\n", i));
i++;
return 0;
}

Output:

1 will be printed indefinite number of times.

(c)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 1, j = 1;
for (;;)
{
if (i > 5)
break;
else
j += i;
printf("%d\n", j);
i += j;
}

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 15

 return 0;
}

Output:

2
5

16 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 Chapter – 07

Case Control Instruction

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char suite = 3;
switch (suite)
{
case 1:
printf("Diamond\n");
case 2:
printf("Spade\n");
default:
printf("Heart\n");
}
printf("I thought one wears a suite\n");
return 0;
}

Output:

Heart
I thought one wears a suite

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int c = 3;
switch (c)
{
case '3':
printf("You never win the silver prize\n");
break;
case 3:
printf("You always lose the gold prize\n");
break;
default:
printf("Of course provided you win a prize\n");
}
return 0;
}

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 17

Output:

You always lose the gold prize

(c)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 3;
switch (i)
{
case 0:
printf("Customers are dicey\n");
case 1 + 0:
printf("Markets are pricey\n");
case 4 / 2:
printf("Investors are moody\n");
case 8 % 5:
printf("At least employees are good\n");
}
return 0;
}

Output:

At least employees are good

(d)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int k;
float j = 2.0;
switch (k = j + 1)
{
case 3:
printf("Trapped\n");
break;
default:
printf("Caught!\n");
}
return 0;
}

Output:

Trapped

18 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

(e)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int ch = 'a' + 'b';
switch (ch)
{
case 'a':
case 'b':
printf("You entered b\n");
case 'A':
printf("a as in ashar\n");
case 'b' + 'a':
printf("You entered a and b\n");
}
return 0;
}

Output:

You entered a and b

(f)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 1;
switch (i - 2)
{
case -1:
printf("Feeding fish\n");
case 0:
printf("Weeding grass\n");
case 1:
printf("Mending roof\n");
default:
printf("Just to survive\n");
}
return 0;
}

Output:

Feeding fish
Weeding grass
Mending roof
Just to survive

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 19

 Chapter – 08

Functions

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>

void display();

int main()
{
printf("Learn C\n");
display();
return 0;
}

void display()
{
printf("Followed by C++, C# and Java!\n");
main();
}

Output:

Both the messages will get printed indefinitely

(b)

# include <stdio.h>

int check(int);

int main()
{
int i = 45, c;
c = check(i);
printf("%d\n", c);
return 0;
}

int check(int ch)

{
if (ch >= 45)
return (100);
else
return (10 * 10);
}

20 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

Output:

100

(c)

#include <stdio.h>

float circle(int);

int main()
{
float area;
int radius = 1;
area = circle(radius);
printf("%f\n", area);
return 0;
}

float circle(int r)
{
float a;
a = 3.14 * r * r;
return (a);
}

Output:

3.140000

(d)

# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
void slogan();
int c = 5;
c = slogan();
printf("%d\n", c);
return 0;
}

void slogan()
{
printf("Only He men use C!\n");
}

Output:

Error message by compiler

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 21

 Chapter – 09

Pointers

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
void fun(int, int);

int main()
{
int i = 5, j = 2;
fun(i, j);
printf("%d %d\n", i, j);
return 0;
}

void fun(int i, int j)

{
i = i * i;
j = j * j;
}

Output:
5 2

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
void fun(int *, int *);

int main()
{
int i = 5, j = 2;
fun(&i, &j);
printf("%d %d\n", i, j);
return 0;
}

void fun(int *i, int *j)

{
*i = *i * *i;
*j = *j * *j;
}

Output:

25 4

22 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

(c)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a = 13.5;
float *b, *c;
b = &a; /* suppose address of a is 1006 */
c = b;
printf("%u %u %u\n", &a, b, c);
printf("%f %f %f %f %f\n", a, *(&a), *&a, *b, *c);
return 0;
}

Output:
1006 1006 1006
13.500000 13.500000 13.500000 13.500000 13.500000

Note : Instead of 1006 you may get some other number

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 23

 Chapter – 10

Recursion

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("C to it that C survives\n");
main();
return 0;
}

Output:

The message will get printed indefinitely.

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int i = 0;
i++;
if (i <= 5)
{
printf("C adds wings to your thoughts\n");
exit(0);
main();
}
return 0;
}

Output:

C adds wings to your thoughts

24 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 Chapter – 11

Data Types Revisited

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i <= 50000; i++)
printf("%d\n", i);
return 0;
}

Output:

0
1
...
...
50000

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a = 13.5;
double b = 13.5;
printf("%f %lf\n", a, b);
return 0;
}

Output:

13.500000 13.500000

(c)

#include <stdio.h>
int i = 0;
void val();

int main()
{
printf("main's i = %d\n", i);
i++;
val();

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 25

 printf("main's i = %d\n", i);
val();
return 0;
}

void val()
{
i = 100;
printf("val's i = %d\n", i);
i++;
}

Output:

main's i = 0
val's i = 100
main's i = 101
val's i = 100

(d)

#include <stdio.h>

int f(int);
int g(int);

int main()
{
int x, y, s = 2;
s *= 3;
y = f(s);
x = g(s);
printf("%d %d %d\n", s, y, x);
return 0;
}

int t = 8;

int f(int a)
{
a += -5;
t -= 4;
return (a + t);
}

int g(int a)
{
a = 1;
t += a;
return (a + t);
}

26 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

Output:

6 5 6

(e)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
static int count = 5;
printf("count = %d\n", count--);
if (count != 0)
main();
return 0;
}

Output:

count = 5
count = 4
count = 3
count = 2
count = 1

(f)

#include <stdio.h>
int g(int);

int main()
{
int i, j;
for (i = 1; i < 5; i++)
{
j = g(i);
printf("%d\n", j);
}
return 0;
}

int g(int x)
{
static int v = 1;
int b = 3;
v += x;
return (v + x + b);
}

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 27

Output:

6
9
13
18

(g)

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
func();
func();
return 0;
}

void func()
{
auto int i = 0;
register int j = 0;
static int k = 0;
i++;
j++;
k++;
printf("%d %d %d\n", i, j, k);
}

Output:

1 1 1
1 1 2

(h)

#include <stdio.h>

int x = 10;

int main()
{
int x = 20;
{
int x = 30;
printf("%d\n", x);
}
printf("%d\n", x);
return 0;
}

28 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

Output:

30
20

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 29

 Chapter – 12

The C Preprocessor

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 2;
#ifdef DEF
i *= i;
#else
printf("%d\n", i);
#endif
return 0;
}

Output:

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
#define PRODUCT(x) ( x * x )

int main()
{
int i = 3, j, k, l;
j = PRODUCT(i + 1);
k = PRODUCT(i++);
l = PRODUCT(++i);
printf("%d %d %d %d\n", i, j, k, l);
return 0;
}

Output:

7 7 9 49

or

7 7 12 49

30 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

(c)

#include <stdio.h>
#define PI 3.14
#define AREA( x, y, z ) ( PI * x * x + y * z ) ;

int main()
{
float a = AREA(1, 5, 8);
float b = AREA(AREA ( 1, 5, 8 ), 4, 5);
printf(" a = %f\n", a);
printf(" b = %f\n", b);
return 0;
}

Output:

Error. Since there is a semicolon in the macro definition of AREA. If we

drop the semicolon then the program will compile successfully. Nested
macros are allowed.

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 31

 Chapter – 13

Arrays

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num[26], temp;
num[0] = 100;
num[25] = 200;
temp = num[25];
num[25] = num[0];
num[0] = temp;
printf("%d %d\n", num[0], num[25]);
return 0;
}

Output:

200 100

(b)

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int array[26], i;
for (i = 0; i <= 25; i++)
{
array[i] = 'A' + i;
printf("%d %c\n", array[i], array[i]);
}
return 0;
}

Output:

65 A
66 B
...
...
90 Z

32 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

(c)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int sub[50], i;
for (i = 0; i <= 48; i++);
{
sub[i] = i;
printf("%d\n", sub[i]);
}
return 0;
}

Output:

49

Since I takes a value 49 when it reaches the statement sub[ i ] = i ;

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int b[] = { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 };
int i;
for (i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
printf("%d\n", *(b + i));
return 0;
}

Output:

10
20
30
40
50

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int b[] = { 0, 20, 0, 40, 5 };
int i, *k;
k = b;

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 33

 for (i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
{
printf("%d\n", *k);
k++;
}
return 0;
}

Output:

0
20
0
40
5

(c)

#include <stdio.h>

void change(int *, int);

int main()
{
int a[] = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
int i;
change(a, 5);
for (i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
printf("%d\n", a[i]);
return 0;
}

void change(int *b, int n)

{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
*(b + i) = *(b + i) + 5;
}

Output:

7
9
11
13
15

34 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

(d)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
static int a[5];
int i;
for (i = 0; i <= 4; i++)
printf("%d\n", a[i]);
return 0;
}

Output:
0
0
0
0
0

(e)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[5] = { 5, 1, 15, 20, 25 };
int i, j, k = 1, m;
i = ++a[1];
j = a[1]++;
m = a[i++];
printf("%d %d %d\n", i, j, m);
}

Output:

3 2 15

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 35

 Chapter – 14

Multidimensional Arrays

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n[3][3] = { 2, 4, 3, 6, 8, 5, 3, 5, 1 };
printf("%d %d %d\n", *n, n[3][3], n[2][2]);
return 0;
}

Output:

<base address><garbage value> 1

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n[3][3] = { 2, 4, 3, 6, 8, 5, 3, 5, 1 };
int i, *ptr;
ptr = n;
for (i = 0; i <= 8; i++)
printf("%d\n", *(ptr + i));
return 0;
}

Output:

2
4
3
6
8
5
3
5
1

36 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

(c)

# include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n[3][3] = { 2, 4, 3, 6, 8, 5, 3, 5, 1 };
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i <= 2; i++)
for (j = 0; j <= 2; j++)
printf("%d %d\n", n[i][j], *(*(n + i) + j));
return 0;
}

Output:

2 2
4 4
3 3
6 6
8 8
5 5
3 3
5 5
1 1

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 37

 Chapter – 15

Strings

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char c[2] = "A";
printf("%c\n", c[0]);
printf("%s\n", c);
return 0;
}

Output:

A
A

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char s[] = "Get organised! learn C!!";
printf("%s\n", &s[2]);
printf("%s\n", s);
printf("%s\n", &s);
printf("%c\n", s[2]);
return 0;
}

Output:

t orgainsed ! learn c !!
get organised ! learn c !!
get orgainsed ! learn c !!
t

(c)
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char s[] = "No two viruses work similarly";
int i = 0;
while (s[i] != 0)
{
printf("%c %c\n", s[i], *(s + i));

38 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 printf("%c %c\n", i[s], *(i + s));
i++;
}
return 0;
}

Output:
N N
N N
o o
o o
t t
t t
...
...
y y
y y

(d)
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char s[] = "Churchgate: no church no gate";
char t[25];
char *ss, *tt;
ss = s;
while (*ss != '\0')
*tt++ = *ss++;
printf("%s\n", t);
return 0;
}

Output:

The code causes an exception as The variable 'tt' is being used without
being initialized.
or
No output

(e)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str1[] = { 'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', 0 };
char str2[] = "Hello";
printf("%s\n", str1);
printf("%s\n", str2);
return 0;
}

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 39

Output:
Hello
Hello

(f)

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
printf(5 + "Good Morning ");
return 0;
}

Output:

Morning

(g)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("%c\n", "abcdefgh"[4]);
return 0;
}

Output:

(h)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("%d %d %d\n", sizeof('3'), sizeof("3"), sizeof(3));
return 0;
}

Output:

2 2 2

or

4 2 4

40 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 Chapter – 16

Handling Multiple Strings

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 41

 Chapter – 17

Structures

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
struct gospel
{
int num;
char mess1[50];
char mess2[50];
} m;
m.num = 1;
strcpy(m.mess1, "If all that you have is hammer");
strcpy(m.mess2, "Everything looks like a nail");
/* assume that the structure is located at address 1004 */
printf("%u %u %u\n", &m.num, m.mess1, m.mess2);
return 0;
}

Output:

Address of each structure element would be printed out

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
struct part
{
char partname[50];
int partnumber;
};
struct part p, *ptrp;
ptrp = &p;
strcpy(p.partname, "CrankShaft");
p.partnumber = 102133;
printf("%s %d\n", p.partname, p.partnumber);
printf("%s %d\n", (*ptrp).partname, (*ptrp).partnumber);
printf("%s %d\n", ptrp->partname, ptrp->partnumber);
return 0;
}

42 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

Output:

CrankShaft 102133
CrankShaft 102133
CrankShaft 102133

(c)

#include <stdio.h>

struct gospel
{
int num;
char mess1[50];
char mess2[50];
} m1 = { 2, "If you are driven by success", "make sure that it is a
quality drive" };

int main()
{
struct gospel m2, m3;
m2 = m1;
m3 = m2;
printf("%d %s %s\n", m1.num, m2.mess1, m3.mess2);
return 0;
}

Output:

2 If you are driven by success make sure that it is a quality drive

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 43

 Chapter – 18

Console Input/Output

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>

int main()
{
char ch;
ch = getchar();
if (islower(ch))
putchar(toupper(ch));
else
putchar(tolower(ch));
return 0;
}

Output:

a
A
Z
z

(b)
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 2;
float f = 2.5367;
char str[] = "Life is like that";
printf("%4d\t%3.3f\t%4s\n", i, f, str);
return 0;
}

Output:

2 2.537 Life is like that

44 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

(c)

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
printf ( "More often than \b\b not \rthe person who \
wins is the one who thinks he can!\n" ) ;
return 0;
}

Output:

the person who wins is the one who thinks he can!

(d)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
char p[] = "The sixth sick sheikh's sixth ship is sick";
int main()
{
int i = 0;
while (p[i] != '\0')
{
putch(p[i]);
i++;
}
return 0;
}

Output:

The sixth sick sheikh's sixth ship is sick

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 45

 Chapter – 19

File Input/Output

46 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 Chapter – 20

More Issues in Input/Output

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 47

 Chapter – 21

Operations On Bits

48 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 Chapter – 22

Miscellaneous Features

What will be the output of the following programs?

(a)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
enum status
{
pass, fail, atkt
};
enum status stud1, stud2, stud3;
stud1 = pass;
stud2 = fail;
stud3 = atkt;
printf("%d %d %d\n", stud1, stud2, stud3);
return 0;
}

Output:

0 1 2

(b)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("%f\n", (float) ((int) 3.5 / 2));
return 0;
}

Output:

1.000000

(c)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float i, j;
i = (float) 3 / 2;
j = i * 3;
printf("%d\n", (int) j);
return 0;
}

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 49

Output:
4

50 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

 Chapter – 23

C Under Linux

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 51

 Chapter – 24

Periodic Tests

52 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai

B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai 53
54 B.BHUVANESWARAN | AP (SG) | CSE | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | Chennai