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5.locus Diagram RL PDF

The document describes plotting the locus diagram of current in a series RL circuit. It explains that the locus is a semicircle when either the resistance (R) is varied while the inductance (L) is fixed, or the inductance is varied while the resistance is fixed. The apparatus, theory, circuit diagrams, procedures, theoretical calculations, model graphs, tables and comparison of theoretical vs experimental values are presented to experimentally obtain the locus diagrams.

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Raghapavani C
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2K views

5.locus Diagram RL PDF

The document describes plotting the locus diagram of current in a series RL circuit. It explains that the locus is a semicircle when either the resistance (R) is varied while the inductance (L) is fixed, or the inductance is varied while the resistance is fixed. The apparatus, theory, circuit diagrams, procedures, theoretical calculations, model graphs, tables and comparison of theoretical vs experimental values are presented to experimentally obtain the locus diagrams.

Uploaded by

Raghapavani C
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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5.

LOCUS DIAGRAM OF RL SERIES CIRCUITS

AIM: To plot locus of current in series RL circuit. (i) When ‘R’ is variable ‘L’ is fixed.
(ii) When ‘L’ is variable ‘R’ is fixed.
APPARATUS:
NAME RANGE QUANTITY
1. Voltmeter (0-150V) MI 1 No.
2. Ammeters (0-5A) MI 1 No.
3. Wattmeter (5A,150V,UPF) 1No.
4. Rheostat (26 Ω /4.1A) 1No.
5. Variable inductance 1No.
6. Connecting wires
7. Variac 230V/(0-270V) 1No.
THEORY :
Locus diagrams are useful in determining the behavior or response of an RL circuit, when
one of its parameters is varied while the frequency and voltage are kept constant. The magnitude
and phase of the current vector in the circuit depend upon the values of R and L and frequency at
the fixed source voltage. The path travelled by the tip of the current vector when the parameters
R and L are varied while frequency and voltage are kept constant is called the locus diagram
R-Varying:
If R = 0, then I = V/ XL or V/ XC and has maximum value. It will lag or lead the voltage
by 900 depending on whether the reactance is inductive or capacitive. The angle θ represents the
phase angle (θ = tan-1(VX/ VR)). As R is increased from zero value, I and θ decrease. In the
limiting case when R= ∞, then I = 0 and θ = 00. The locus of end-point of I is a semi-circle of
radius V / X.
R-Fixed:
If X = 0, then I = V/ R and has maximum value. The current will be in phase with
voltage as it is a purely resistive circuit i.e., the phase θ is zero. As X is increased depending on
whether the reactance is inductance or capacitance the current starts lagging or leading V i.e.
the current I decreases and phase angle θ increases. In the limiting case when X = ∞, then I = 0
and θ = 900. The locus of end point of I is a semi-circle of radius V/ R.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS:

i) ‘L’ is fixed and ‘R’ is varied

ii) R is fixed and L is varied

PROCEDURE:
1) Give the connection as per circuit diagram
2) Connect a variable resistor and fixed inductor applying a constant value of voltage 60v
and vary the resistance by using rheostat. Note down voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter
reading.
3) According to the circuit diagram connect a variable inductor and fixed resistance and
applying a constant voltage of 60V vary the inductor and note down values of ammeter,
voltmeter and wattmeter

THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS:

i) L is fixed and R is varied


Centre = (0,-V/2wL) =
Radius = V/2wL =
ii) R is fixed and L is varied
Centre = (V/2R, 0) =
Radius = V/2R=

MODEL GRAPH:

1) When L is fixed and R is varied

2) When R is fixed and L is varied


TABULAR COLUMN:

(i) When L is fixed and R is varied


S.No Voltage(V) Current(I) Power(P) cosØ Ø I cosØ I sinØ

(ii) When R is fixed and L is varied


S.No Voltage(V) Current(I) Power(P) cosØ Ø I cosØ I sinØ

COMPARISON TABLE:

Theoretical Practical
Parameters
values values
When L is fixed and R is Centre
varied Radius
When R is fixed and L is Centre
varied Radius

RESULT:

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