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2P12 Lab 3

This document provides instructions for building a 4-bit ALU (arithmetic logic unit) in multiple parts. Part 1 involves creating a full adder package. Part 2 is making a 3-to-8 decoder to select the ALU functions. Part 3 combines the adder, OR, and AND sections into a 1-bit ALU with 5 functions. Part 4 connects 4 of the 1-bit ALUs and adds logic to implement subtraction using 2's complement. LEDs are added to monitor outputs.

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Samsung TAB
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28 views

2P12 Lab 3

This document provides instructions for building a 4-bit ALU (arithmetic logic unit) in multiple parts. Part 1 involves creating a full adder package. Part 2 is making a 3-to-8 decoder to select the ALU functions. Part 3 combines the adder, OR, and AND sections into a 1-bit ALU with 5 functions. Part 4 connects 4 of the 1-bit ALUs and adds logic to implement subtraction using 2's complement. LEDs are added to monitor outputs.

Uploaded by

Samsung TAB
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab 3

Building an ALU

Welcome Back. In this lab we will replicate what was done in class. The goal is to create a functional 4 Bit ALU with
5 functions, ADD, SUB, NOT, AND, OR. We will build it in functional units.

Part 1.

The basis for any ALU is an ADDER. From


the circuit given create a package called
Full Adder. Most of what we do will
depend on this one unit. To ensure it is
functional, create a small test circuit to
ensure it functions as expected. You can
use your adder from assignment 1. To
import a circuit, select File-Import.

Part 2

Before we can create an ALU we need to create a component called a 3 to 8 decoder. This will be used to select
the functions of our ALU. In terms of tedious this implementation rings all the bells. One AND gate will become
active for each unique 3-bit input. Once you have created the decoder, put it into a test circuit to ensure it does
what it was intended to do. This is very similar to debugging code, write a little code, write a small test method. DO
NOT PROCEED UNTIL IT WORKS.

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Part 3.

Here is a 1-bit ALU with all 5 functions implemented. There are 3 main units to this ALU: the adder, the OR section
and the AND section. The ADDER implements 1) A ADD B, 2) B SUB A, and 3) NOT A. Note: B must be set to 0 for
NOT A to function Properly. Notice that the decoder generates the appropriate functions for each. The XOR on the
input to A will provide the bit inversion for SUB and NOT. The AND gate exiting the ADDER acts as an ON/OFF
switch and is enabled in the on position when any of the 3 above functions are selected. 4) and 5) the AND and OR
functions are implemented as parallel functions, both connecting to the A and B inputs. The AND gates on their
outputs are switches which are enabled appropriately depending on which function we want. When you package
the ALU do so as below, this makes the next part much cleaner. You can select which side of the chip the pins
appear on.

Part 4

The circuit to the right is a completed 4 Bit ALU. The


sensor input at the bottom will select the ALU
function, to implement subtract, the 2’s
complement requires that the A input be inverted,
which was taken care of in the circuit above, but
also the addition of a +1. This is accomplished by
forcing the carry in to bit 0 of the ALU to 1, hence
the reason for the decoder on the bottom right.
LEDs have been placed on the carry outs and the
ALU outs to make it easier to see what is
happening.

As a quick exercise replace that decoder with


explicit logic gates, which will output a 1 only when
the input is 2.

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