HoChiMinh City University of Technology FINAL EXAMINATION

Department of Telecommunications Engineering Course: Communications I

Date: 17/12/2014
Duration: 120 minutes
IMPORTANT NOTES: Calculators and one A4-size page of notes are allowed during the exam.

Question 1 (20 marks)

The input x(t) and the output y(t) of a certain non-linear channel are related as
y  t   x  t   0.001x 2  t 
a) Find the output signal y(t) and its spectrum Y(f) if the input signal is
1000
x t   sinc 1000t 

b) Verify that the bandwidth of the output signal is twice that of the input signal.
c) Can the signal x(t) be recovered (without distortion) from the output y(t)?

Question 2 (20 marks)

Given the signal
x  t   10 cos  200 t  cos 2 1000 t 
a) Plot the spectrum of x(t).
b) x(t) is ideally sampled at 2500 samples per second to produce the sampled signal x(t)
- Plot the spectrum of x(t).
- Find the range of permissible cutoff frequency for the ideal low-pass filter to reconstruct x(t) without
distortion.
c) Find the minimum allowable sampling frequency.

Question 3 (10 marks)

A delta modulator has the message signal m(t) = 2cos(60t). Find the minimum sampling frequency required to
avoid the slope overload, assuming that the impulse weights 0 are 0.2.

Question 4 (20 marks)

An FM modulator generates a signal xFM  t   10 cos  4000 t  2sin 16 t   with the frequency deviation constant
fd = 8 Hz.
a) Find the unmodulated carrier signal.
b) Determine the modulating signal.
c) Plot the amplitude spectrum of the FM signal.
d) The FM modulator is followed by an ideal bandpass filter H(f) with |H(f)|=1 over the frequency range
[1990, 2010] Hz. Determine the power of the signal at the filter output.

Question 5 (15 marks)

The waveform of the NRZ change is shown in Figure 1.

NRZ change

+V
0 t
T 2T 4T 7T 10T
-V

Figure 1

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 a) Determine the corresponding bit sequence.
b) Plot the waveform of the line code: Manchester.
c) Plot the one-bit eye diagram for the waveform in Figure 1.

Question 6 (10 marks)

Consider a commercial AM superheterodyne receiver with the intermediate frequency fIF = 455 kHz. The standard
AM broadcast band extends from 540 kHz to 1600 kHz. Assume that the local oscillator is designed for high-side
tuning.
a) Determine the frequency range of the local oscillator to receive all AM signals.
b) Find the range of image frequencies.

Question 7 (5 marks)
Assume that the demodulation phase-error variance of a coherent DSB demodulator is described by  2  0.01 .
The SNR  m2 /  n2 is 10 dB. Find the normalized mean-square error.

Table 1: Fourier Transform pairs

Signal Fourier Transform
2Wsinc  2Wt   f 
 
 2W 
Wsinc 2 Wt   f 
 
W 

Table 1: The Bessel functions of the first kind of order n and argument 

-------------------------- END OF QUESTION PAPER --------------------------

Head of Department Lecturer

Dr. Ho Van Khuong

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HoChiMinh City University of Technology SOLUTION OF FINAL EXAMINATION
Department of Telecommunications Engineering Course: Communications I
Date: 17/12/2014

Question 1 (20 marks)

a)
2
1000  1000  1000 1000
y t   sinc 1000t   0.001 sinc 1000t    sinc 1000t   2 sinc 2 1000t 
     
1  f  1  f 
Y  f     
  1000   2  1000 
b)
1
 X(f)

f
-500 500
1
2

f
-1000 1000

Y(f)

f
-1000 -500 500 1000

The bandwidth of the output signal is twice that of the input signal.
1000
c) The output y(t) contains the input x(t) plus an unwanted signal sinc 2 1000t  . Since the spectrum of the
2

input overlaps that of the unwanted signal, it is impossible to recover x(t) from y(t) without distortion.

Question 2 (20 marks)

x  t   10 cos  200 t  cos 2 1000 t 
a) We have
x  t   10 cos  200 t  cos 2 1000 t 
 5cos  200 t  1  cos  2000 t 
 5cos  200 t   2.5cos  2200 t   2.5cos 1800 t 
X(f)

2.5

1.25

f
-1100 -900 -100 100 900 1100

b) The spectrum of x(t) is

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 
X  f   fs  X  f  nf 
n 
s

where fs = 2500 samples per second and

X  f   2.5  f  100     f  100 
1.25  f  900     f  900 
1.25  f  1100     f  1100 
X  f 
2.5fs

1.25fs

-3600 -3400 -2600 -2500 -2400 2400 2500 2600

-1600 -1400 -1100 -900 -100 100 900 1100 1400 1600 3400 3600

From the spectrum of x(t), the range of permissible cutoff frequency for the ideal low-pass filter to reconstruct x(t)
is [1100, 1400) samples per second.

c) The minimum allowable sampling frequency is 2fmax = 2200 samples per second.

Question 3 (10 marks)

The slope of m(t) is
d
m  t   120 sin  60 t 
dt
The maximum slope of m(t) is
d 
max  m  t    120
 dt 
To prevent slope overload, it is required that
d 
 0 f s  max  m t  
 dt 
120
 fs   600
0.2
The minimum sampling frequency is 600 samples/s.

Question 4 (20 marks)

a)
xc  t   10 cos  4000 t 
b)
f d Am 8  Am
   2  Am  2
fm 8
m  t   2cos 16 t 
c)

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 Amplitude

5.77 5.77

3.53 3.53
1.29 2.24 1.29

f
1976 1984 1992 2000 2008 2016 2024

d)
Amplitude

5.77 5.77

2.24

f
1992 2000 2008

 2.24 
2

  5.77   35.8
2
Po 
2

Question 5 (15 marks)

a)
10110001010
b)
1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

NRZ change

Manchester

c)
+V

0 T

-V

Question 6 (10 marks)

1)
f LO  f c  f IF  995, 2055 kHz
2)
fi  f c  2 f IF  1450, 2510 kHz

Question 7 (5 marks)
3 4  n2 3
     2   0.01  1010/10  0.1
2 2
ND
4 m 4

-------------------------- END OF SOLUTION PAPER --------------------------

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