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Tool Chart
Bolts
S. No. Type Description Picture
1 Wood Screws Screws with a smooth
shank and tapered point
for use in wood.

2 Machine Screws Screws with threads

for use with a nut or
tapped hole.

3 Thread Cutting Machine screws with a

Machine Screws thread cutting (self-
tapping) point.

4 Sheet Metal Fully threaded screws

Screws with a
point for use in sheet
metal.

5 Self-Drilling SMS sheet metal screw with

as elf-drilling point.

6 Hex Bolts Bolts with a hexagonal

head
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7 Carriage Bolts Bolts with a smooth

rounded head that has
a small square
section underneath.
8 Plow Bolts Similar to carriage
bolts but used for
attaching the cutting
edge of a plow to the
plow blade.

9 Socket Screws Socket screws, also

known
as Allen Head, are
fastened
with a hex Allen
wrench.
10 Lag Bolts Bolts with a wood
thread and
pointed tip.

11 Eye Bolts A bolt with a circular

ring on
the head end. Used for
attaching a rope or
chain.
12 Eye Lags Similar to an eye bolt
but with
wood threads instead
of
machine thread.
13 J-Bolts J shaped bolts are used
for
tie-downs or as an
open eye
bolt.
14 U-Bolts Bolts in U shape for
attaching
to pipe or other round
surfaces. Also available
with
a square bend.
15 Shoulder Bolts Shoulder bolts (also
known
as stripper bolts) are
used to
create a pivot point.
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16 Elevator Bolts Elevator bolts are often

used
in conveyor systems.
They
have a large, flat head.
17 Sex Bolts Sex bolts (a.k.a. barrel
nuts or
Chicago bolts) have a
female
thread and are used
for
through bolting
applications
where a head is
desired on
both sides of the joint.
18 Mating Screws Mating screws have a
shoulder that matches
the
diameter of the sex
bolts they are used
with.
19 Hanger Bolts Hanger bolts have
wood thread on one
end and machine
thread on the other
End
20 Set Screws Machine screws with
no head for screwing
all the way into
threaded holes.
21 Timber Bolts Machine threaded
fasteners with a wide
domed head. The
head has fins
underneath
that prevent the bolt
from spinning during
installation.
Typically used in wood.
22 Cotter Pins Cotter or split pins
have two tines which
are bent apart to
hold them in place.
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23 Rivets Used to join sheets of

metal.
During installation the
rivet body is deformed
to permanently
lock in place.

Head Styles

Name Picture
Flat

Pan

Oval

Truss

Round
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Hex

Hex Washer

Hex Flange

Slotted Hex Washer

Button

Socket Cap
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Washer Types

Name Picture
Flat

Fender

Finishing

Split lock

External teeth lock

Internal tooth lock

Square

Dock

Ogee
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Nut Types
Name Description Picture
Hex A six sided nut.

Heavy Hex A heavier pattern version of a

standard hex nut.

Nylon Insert Lock A nut with a nylon insert to

prevent backing off. Also
referred to as a NY lock.

Jam A hex nut with a reduced

height.

Nylon Insert Jam Lock A nylock nut with a reduced

height.

Wing A nut with ‘wings’ for hand

tightening.

Cap A nut with a domed top over

the end of the fastener.

Acorn Acorn nuts are a high crown

type of cap nut, used for
appearance.

Flange A nut with a built in washer

like flange.

Tee A nut designed to be driven

into wood to create a
threaded hole.
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Square A four sided nut.

Prevailing Torque Lock A non-reversible lock nut

used for high temperature
applications.

K-Lock or Kep A nut with an attached

free-spinning external tooth
lock washer.

Coupling Coupling nuts are long nuts

used to connect pieces of
threaded rod or other male
fasteners.

Slotted Slotted nuts are used in

conjunction with a cotter pin
on drilled shank fasteners to
prevent loosening

Castle Castle nuts are used in

conjunction with a cotter pin
on drilled shank fasteners to
prevent loosening.

Pin Lock A nut that does not require

an high installation torque
and can be installed and
removed without thread
damage.
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Wrenches
1. ADJUSTABLE OR CRESCENT WRENCH
The adjustable wrench isn't a precision tool but it’s
very versatile. The jaws adjust to fit various fasteners,
and allow for quickly resetting your grip. When using
one, apply the pressure against the fixed jaw so you
won’t break the moving joint.

2. PIPE OR MONKEY WRENCH

The pipe wrench is a heavy-duty wrench used especially for
plumbing and heating projects. It’s designed to dig in and create
its own teeth marks in pipe and then release. This is the tool
needed for removing a radiator or running gas pipe to a gas grill.
But, it’s not the best choice for decorative plumbing - the teeth
will mar your finish.

3. OPEN SPANNERS
Open ended wrenches that have "jaws" with parallel
sides or tines that fit snugly on nuts and bolts.

4. CLOSED SPANNERS

Closed end or box wrenches that have a loop at the end with notches on the inside that
allow the wrench to fit either square or hex nuts or both
(depending on the number of notches or points).
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5. COMBINATION WRENCHES
Combination wrenches are made with few moving parts or none
at all so they can withstand a lot of force. They have an open
end for quick adjustments on fasteners and fitting, and a closed
or boxed end that won’t slip off when you’re applying force. The
thin profile fits in really tight spots – which can be great for
small engine and automotive repair. They’re sized very
precisely, and you’ll need different wrenches to fit metric or
standard (SAE) fasteners. If the exact right size wrench doesn't
match the fastener, you could round out the bolt, which is a
huge hassle to remove.

6. RATCHETS AND SOCKETS

A ratchet and socket is used in many of the same applications
as the combination wrench but, it is faster because the
wrench doesn’t have to be removed after every turn. Tighten
and loosen fasteners by flipping the lever to reverse the
action. Each socket has standard and metric increments to
match the precise diameter of the fastener.

7. DEEP WELL SOCKETS

Deep well sockets allow for extra stability when tightening a
long fastener or tightening down a bolt over a long thread.
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8. TORQUE WRENCH
A torque wrench is used when a precise amount of
torque needs to be applied to a fastener. You set the
wrench or read the gauge to apply the correct amount of
torque to the fastener as recommended by the
manufacturer, usually in an owner’s manual. It is used a
lot in automotive repair, and some other common types
of machinery like a lawnmower.

9. PASS-THROUGH SOCKETS
Pass-through sockets have an open back to
let bolt slack slip through. The fewer points of
contact inside the socket, the more torque
you can apply. 6 point sockets are the pro’s
choice because they can handle the most
force. 12 point sockets are common in a do-it-
yourself toolkit. A universal socket has more
teeth inside - so it adapts to more bolt sizes.

10. Lug Wrench

Socket wrench used to loosen and tighten nuts on
automobile wheels.

Allen or Hex Keys:

1) Standard Keys: Standard hexagon and Torx keys are usually sold
as a set with a plastic storage sleeve, holder or case that helps to
organise them in ascending order of size.
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2) Keyring sets: Ring sets are basic L-shaped hex or Torx keys
mounted on a keyring with a spring retaining clip. The way they are
attached to the ring means that, to use the long arm, you have to
twist and pull the key from the retaining clip. To replace the key on
the retaining clip, you push and twist the key.

3) T-handle Drivers: T-handle sets come in four designs: one-

piece continuous loop, sliding T-handles, plastic T-handle
without a short arm; and plastic T-handle with a short arm. T-
handle keys are available with many features such as ball ends,
chamfered edges and non-magnetic fastener holders

4) One-piece continuous loop T-handles are formed by

having their shafts bent into a loop to form the handle. This
looped handle is then covered with a thermoplastic such as
vinyl or TPR (thermoplastic rubber) to provide a more
comfortable grip.

5) Sliding T-handle: The metal bar that forms the T-handle can
be slid from one side to the other. By sliding the bar fully to
one side more torque can be applied. The sliding bar can also
be useful when working in restricted areas such as next to a
wall.

6) Plastic T-handle: Plastic T-handle hex and Torx keys allow

you to apply more torque to a fastener than you can with the
long arm of a standard hex key. On larger sizes the plastic T-
handle can be used with both hands.
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7) 3-way key: These feature three different size hex or Torx

keys fitted to one tool. They are mainly supplied for use on
push bikes where only a few key sizes will be needed.

8) Ratcheting key sets: Ratcheting hex and Torx key sets are available with either a T-handle or
folding handle design. The hex and Torx keys of these sets are separate pieces to the handles.
They will often come with screwdriver bits as well as the hex and Torx keys.

9) A mixed hex key set is simply a selection of both metric and imperial hex keys included in
one set. These are useful if you are purchasing your
first set of hex keys and are likely to be working with
both metric and imperial fasteners. A mixed key set
will often cost less than two standard hex key sets in
metric and imperial sizes. Mixed hex key sets are
available with all the features that you can find on a
standard hex key set such as ball ends, chamfered
edges, and magnetized and non-magnetic fastener
holders.
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10) Stubby keys: Stubby or shallow hex and Torx keys have a shorter short arm than standard
keys. The short arm of stubby keys is approximately half the length of the equivalent size
standard key's short arm.

11) Flag handles: Flag handle hex and Torx keys have no short arm,
instead they have a rectangular plastic handle that sits off to one
side of the key and gives it a flag like appearance. The plastic flag is
more comfortable to turn than using the short arm of a standard
hex or Torx key.