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s ecu r i ~v ~n d Safe ty Di rectives

SSJ -~1 Sta ndar d Se c uri:: y F e n ce

SS 0 -02 Category II Fence
SSD - 03 Category III Fenc e
SSu - B~ Catego ry III Fence i\lternative
-so - 0:, -G a tes in Pe!:imeter Fenc es
. .) s o - 0 5 A G a t 2 s in ~.,r o v e n W i r e F a b r i c F en c e s
S SD - B6 Barbed " S " Tape
)SD -0 7 Security a nd Emergency Exit Doo rs
SSD - 08 Lock s used on S2curity a nd E:n erge:1cy Exit Doo r.::
<: S D-0 9 Minimum St an dards for Buildings Housing Vit al or ~pns;d,·~
Equipment
s 3 Q -1 <3 P r o t e c t ion __of Vita 1 E q u i ~ rn e n t
S Su -11 Powe~ Supplies
SSD -1 2 Commu ni cat ion s
SS D-13 S ec urity Lig hting Syste ms
S SD - l4 Chec)< Point Lighting
SSD -1 5 I ntrud e r Detection Syste-ms
sso -1 6 Automatic Cont::: o l of Entry Systems (see also . SSD-23)
SSD -1 7. Gate House and Vehicle Lac)<
SSJ -1 8 -. / Fire Fighting Equipment 6 - iJ
SSD -l9/work P e ::::~it Procedures
S S o - 2 'J 2 x pan d ed Steel M e s h
SSD -21 /Pro tecti o n of Diesel Engine s 1n Hazardous .\reas
~so-22vGasoline Filling Stations
SSD-23 Automatic Control of Entry Systems - Build.".ngs
SSD -24 'Turnstiles
-SD-25 ·/!:nt2r:1al Cleaning of S torage Tanks
SSD-26v/3last ~esistant Control ~oorns
•,s D - 2 7 V S pacing , Di i<. e s and D rain age
..;38 -28
SSD - 29 The Saf e Design, Construction, Operation And Maintenance Of
~ ydr oc a:::ocn Carrying ?i~elines

L.·---=--:::..-::.-=:.::..::·-===-=======-=-==~--------- - --
 SSD 31 ....__jJI
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SSD 01 , ST~ND~~D SECURIT~ FE~C~

~ - Where c~a1n li~k fencing is used far security purposes the

fo llo w i~s s~ecific req~ire me nts are to be met:

a. The chain lin~ fencing shall be ~ot le s s tha~ 2.4~ in

height measc~ed from th e ground line (gr~ded) to th e to~ of
the chain link fencing at the ~osts .

b. The tota l height of the fence inclu d ing any crank ed

extension shall be not l e ss than 2.9m vertical height
measured from the ground lir.e (graded) to the top lin e of
th e barb ed wir e attached to the cranked extensi on .

2. PVC coated chai n link fencing is to be used . The color oE the

PVC shal l be dark green or b l ack .

3. Barbed wire sha ll co n sist of three rows of 2 strand 12 . 5 s wg

ga l vanized 4 po int thickset barbed wire secured t o the posts
with 14 . 5 swg galvanized wire loops.

4. The t op lines of the barbed wire shall be fitt ed with droppers

s o that they cannot be b~nched toge t her.

5. ~ s far as possi~le t~ e fence is to run in st~aight lines. Where

changes o f direction are required th e angle shall be n ot less
than 13\J degrees .

The f ence is to be sun~ and secured 1n a concrete channel 153~~

X 500~~ . to ;:even~ bu:ro~ing .

Wher e the fence i s erected o n the coast the minimum d i stance

from the fence to t~e hi g h water ma rk shall be not less than
6\Jrn.

3. A clear z o ne s~a l~ ~e created on bot~ sides of the fence to a

mi~imum de~th of l Sm.

F::~CING

9. Th e following specifications will apply for all wiring and

concrete us ed in t he construction of the fencing:

a. The chain link shall be woven fr o ~ galvanized wire wit h an

ou~sice di a~e:er of 4.75~~ inc!uding the ?VC c o acing, and
t~e inner c~: e shall be 73 . 5mm to a mesh si ~e of S~mm .

SSD 0"1: PAGE 1 OF 8

2
.. S.SD . ill . . ..... .. 10.)1

)... -... -.... . ..... .. t:' l_...,;

-·,

b. The bood b etween the PVC coatin g and t h e metal surface

s~all b e n o t less than the ac~esive strength of the PVC.
~xtruded PVC s h ields or jacketec PVC c o atin g are not
suit21ble.

c. The to9 o E the :encing shall be protecte d by the additi o n

of a sing~e st: a nd of barbed wire. It shall be sec~red to
the cleat at the straining post anc t o the chain li~~ where
knuckled at 15~ ~m centers with tying wire o r suitable
eli?.

d. Line wire s h all have a core of 3.55 mm an d an o utsice

diameter of 4.75 ~m.

e. Stirrup wire f o r securing the line wires to the conc:ete

inter~ediate po s ts shall have a core of 2.5 mm and an
outside diameter of 3.5mm.

f. Tying wire f o r s ecuring the chain link fencing to the line

wires shall have a core of l.4mm and an outside diameter of
2:a.-n.

g. Per~itted deviations f:om th e above specification are as

follows:

Diawecer of \-l i ::- e Permissible Deviation

Over Up to
2.36 mm 3. 15 mm + or
3 • .!.5 m:n 5.0G mm + or

CONCRETE

lJ. Concre~e ~os~s and st:uts shall be of rein~orced conc:ete and

shall com? l Y with th e following s?ecifications:

a. ~ateria:..s.

(l) Cement used in the manufactu:e shall be Po:tl~nd

o:dinary or rapid hardening cement or Portland blast
furnace cement. Where the owner specifies sulphur
resist:~s ce~ent high alumina cement may be used.

SSD 31: P i\.GC: 2 OF 8

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(3) Acci:ives where used s~all be 1n such ~ro~ort~o~ as to
have no har~f ul eEfec~s on the setting, hard eni~g or
d~:a~ili:v of the conc:ete.

(4) ~ei~fo:cesent bars of all posts and struts shall

consis~ of a ~refabricated cage of fou~ steel bars
secured by mild steel stirrups of not less than 2.65
~m dia ~ete~ S?aced at centers not exceeding 3Smm. The
stirru?s shal l be close to the bars and parallel to
the faces of . the ?Osts. The sizes of mild steel
~ei~forcing bars shall be as foll ows :

(a) Reinforcement for intermediate posts shall be

four mild steel bars of 8 mm diameter.

(b) ~e inforc ement for straining posts shall oe four

mild steel bars o f l~ mrn diameter.

(c) Rei~forcement for struts shall be four mild steel

bars of 8mm diame ter.

(5) T~e cover of the concrete to the reinforcing oars

shall be not less t~an 16~~. The reinforcing bars
sh all extend to within 25~~ of each end of the unit.
During manufacture the cage shall be controlled 1n
position to ensure that this is achieved.

b. ~olds shall ~e so constructed that they re~ain rigid during

the ?:!ci~s and C8m?action o~ the co ncrete to preve~t the
loss o: water, grout or mortar. They shall be such that the
finished products are accurate within the limits s?ecified
and shall produce the required surface finish.

c. =inis~ s~all je cc:a:~ed bv casting the unit ~n ?tO?e:l y

designed ~ol~s. ~here t~ese are of wood they shall be
closely joi ~:ed ~rought tim ber and the faces of the unit
will be im~rinted with th e slig ht grain of the wrousht
ti~je: anc t~ei~ joi~ts. I~ adci~ion, irres? ective of the
ma~2r1al u sed for th e ~o~cs, s~all surface blem ishes caused
by e~t=a?~ed air or water ~ay be expected, but the surface
shal l be :ree from honeyco~~ing or other large blemishes.

d. The cube stre9gth of the conc~ete

mix shall be not les~
~:Ia!! 2::. S~i/:::::-:- -...-~en ~es :ec ~: -:.e::
23 days, or l7. 2~ / ::---:1
~hen tes~ec 7 d~ !s a!~e: ma~u:3c:~::e. The above strengths
may ba ex?e c:ed :::om a ~ix c~~?O sed of one ?art ~y weight
of ce~e!l: and nc: mor e tha~ ~~ ve pa::ts by weisht of g::aded

SSD 01: ?A.G:.: 3 OE' 8

4 I
 aggregate, o r equivalent by volume. The ~ ater/c e men t
r~cio s~oulc not ex ce ed 0.55 ~y weight.

e . ~ixi~g s~ould be by mec han ic al mixer wit h the mini~um

qua~tity of clean water to ~rovide for ef fective
hydratio~, mixing and compacti on , until t~ere is a uni[orm
di5tribution of mat~rials an d the mass 1s un if or ~ in color
and consistencv.

f. The concrete shall b e used as soon as po ssible after

mixing, and no material shall be used in the work if it
cannot be ccm9acted fully without the addition of extra
water. Vi~rating, tamping or o ther effective meth od shall
be used to compact the concrete.

g. Unless otherwise authorized by the owner in writing, no

product shall be supplied until it ha s been allowed to
ma ture under suitable concitions for a period of not less
than 28 days.

h. The results of tests shall co~ply with th e requirements

outlined at sub-paragraph d. above.

1. The two long arrises at the back of the posts shall be

rounded, or sharp ecges removed befo re despatch. Tops
shall be round ed . Except for cranked tops, posts shall be
of t~e same c:oss section throughout their length, subject
to the moldi"g dra,..,.. allowance of 4m.'ll. The following
~er~issible ceviations shall aoolv to all the soecified
lo. - .. .. -

c~ :::e:-~ sicr.s:

( 1) Cross Section -4mm +6mm

( 2) Lengt!-1 -12:nm "'-3 8m.."l

j. Inter~ edia te posts shall be 125mm X l 00mm and shall have a

vertical h eight of 3.2m overall. They shall have lGr.'"'":'l
diameter holes for stirrup wires, and, if S?ecified, l2~m
dia~eter hate s £o= fixing extension ar~s.

~- Straining posts shall be lSGmm X lSGmm and shall have a

vertical height of 3.2m overall. They shall be cesigned
to provice a fir~ bearing for th e struts, whic~ shall meet
t ~e s ~rai~i~g pos ts at a ?Oint ~i~ hi ~ t~e t~p t~i~~ cf the
~ e~ ; ~ of ~he s~r~ining posts which is abo v e g:ou~d. They
s~a: h ave ! 2rnm diameter holes ~ o r ·fixing eyebolts anc, if
s~ec :i ed , extension arms.

SSD (31: ?.~G2 4 Oc 8

... SSQ.G .!.. ..... ... ~_) I

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l. Cran ~ed to ps to posts shall be at a~ ang l e of 40 to
~S 0
to the ve ~ticaL, a~d sha ll be o£ su c h le~gths as
'.vi ll inc=ease the vertic al height of the fen ce to 2.9 m.
':'hey shal l be cas t ~ith t he ~osts . Cranked t ops for
i~c er~ed iate p os ts shal l t aper t o l00mm X 85mm at th e top
and sh all be provi~ed with l0mm d i a meter holes f o r st i:r~?
wires t o sec~r e three lines of barbed wire 2gcmm apart.
Cra nked tops for straining posts shall taper to l SGrnrn X
35mm ac the t op a nd sha ll be provided ~it h l2mm diame ter
ho les fo r straini n g eye bol ts t o secure three lines of
ba: b ed wire 200mm apart. St ruts shall be lCOmm X lOC mm
with parallel sides a nd 3.25m l ong

m. Posts are t o be set at not more than 3m cen ter s .

n. Concrete surr ou nd i ng th e bases at t he posts, struts an d

c hain link fencing sh all be not leaner by wei gh t t h an one
par t ceme nt to ten part s of graded aggregate of 40mro
nom i~al maximum size, mixed with th e mini mum r eq~isite
q~antity cf clean wate r. T he constituents sh all be
thoroughly mixed and co ncrete placed i n positi on and
th oro ughly compacted as soon as possible after m ixi~g.

ERSCTION LIN2 AND L EVE L

ll . T h e fer.ce s ha ll be s o erected that o n c omplet ion it is truly or.

the line of th e boundaries set out by the o wner. The top oE
t~e fence sh all follo w the p rof ile of t he ground . Any openings
belc~ or th ro~gh the fenc e shal l be protected in accordance
wi:~ t~e owner ' s speci :icat ions . Th e stre ngt h of an y openi~s
so t=e a:ed shall be not less th an the strength of the rem ainde r
of t he fen c e . The fenc e line must meet the specifi cat ions set
ou t i~ ?arag:aphs 7 and 8 above.

12. s:=ai~: ~g ~os~s shall b e pr ov ided at aLl e~~s and c or ners o f

fences a~ char.ges o f direct io n or acu t e v ariations i~ l evel and
at ir.t~rvals not exceecing 66~ on st:aight li n e s o f fe nce .
r~ter~ ediate pes ts sha l l be spaced at regular interval3 not
exceeci~g 3 m . ~o~es :o= st=aining posts and sate posts shall
be not less th an G.45m X ~.45m on plan. Ho l es fo r i nt e rmedi ate
posts sha l l be not less t~an G.3m X G. 3 m on plan , or , if bored,
o f equivalent area. ~ll holes shall be o.8m deep a n d shall
ha v e v erti cal sides. Al l posts shall be set in t~e gr ound to a
de?t~ of 0 . 76m exc e?t as varied to ootain the levels specified
~n ?a:ac::.::::J ·n l.l. .

SSD ~l: ?~G2 5 02 8

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~3. Afte: inse:ticn o pes ts holes shall be filled n ot less than

hal£ their de?th n concrete, well ra~med as t he filling
proceeds, a~~ consolidated. After the concrete has ha:d ened
t~e re~ai~der of the holes shall be back filled, well rammed
and consol!ca~ed. Hol es for ga~e 90sts shall be filled to
ground level with co nc~et e , wel l rammed as the filling
9roceeds, and co n solidated.

14. St:uts shall be fitted to all straining posts behind th e chain

link fabric i n the direction oE the line of the fence. The
bottom end shall be not less than 0.6m ve= tic ally below the
ground line (graded). The holes in the ground to receive
struts shall be not less than 0.6m X g_Jm on plan, with three
vertical sides. After insertion of the struts th e hol es shall
be filled to net less than half their depth with concrete, well
rammed as the filling p roceeds, and consolidated. The minimum
cover on all faces and at the ends of the struts shall be 75mrn.
When the concrete has ha~dened the remainder of the holes shall
be back filled, well rammed, and consolidated.

15. There shall be four evenlv spaced rows of lin e wires. The top
wire shall be doubl e d, making five line wires in all. The
bottom line ~ire shall be clos e to the ground. Each li~e wire
shall be strained tightlv bv means of an eyebolt strainer or
winder at each straining~po;t. Each line wire shall be secured
to each inter~ediate pest by a wire stirrup passed through a
hole in t~e post and secured to the line wire by three complete
turr.s on eac~ sice of t~e ~e s t.

The cjai~ ~i~~ fe~cing shall be strained between eacj pair of

straining ~osts by ~eans of a stretcher bar. One of the top
line wires shall be th=eaded through the a~propriate adjacent
rows of meshes, care being taken that no meshes in the rows are
~y?asse~ ~y tje li~e ~ire exce9~ ~here deviation is necessa:y
a t t j e s t r a i :1 i :-1 g ?O s t s . 'i !1 e seco nd t c 9 l i n e w i :: e shall be
strained !n f=ont of the fenci~g. The fencing shall be
attach ed to t!1e tJD anc bottom line wire s ~v wi=e ties 45Gmm
apart.

17. T!le bottom S~m~ of c~ain link shall be securely fixed

vertically in a l50mm X SJG~ co ncret e channel in the following
:na:1r.er:

a. 7~e l~~e: ~5J~~ c~ the =~~ c = ete c!lannel shall ~e

CJns::~c=ed with hoo~ed :ein! orc eme~c ba=s s e cur ely set
verti ca~ ~y t o tie ~~e jase of the chain li~~ fe:1cing. The
ba::s s~a~~ je no~ ~ess than 8mm diameter, anc not less

sse \H: P.o\GC: 6 Of 8

7
S S;) :J l. · · · · ·

:..~ OSh.U/03

I _,\
·· · ·· ·· ······· ··· t::~

t ~an 325m~ 1~ leng th. The y shall be set equally S?aced

t~r ee to a met er.

b. Whe n the bas e of the cha in l ink has been secur ed to the
ste el ties, a 50mm X lS Omm concrete si l l shall be
cons~ructed to enclose the tie and the base of the fence.
A l /5 scale dr a wing is attached to this SSD.

!3. Cranked tops or single e xtension arms shall poi nt in the

dir ect ion speci fied by the own e r. Extensi o n ar.ns shall be
?rovided for concrete posts not having cranked tops cas t on.
Where double excension arms are specified these sha l l consist
of tw o si ngle arms fixes, pointing in O?po site directions, on
oooos it e sides of each oost. Where bar~ed wire in s~ecified
b;~h insid e and o~tside·a fen ce having posts with cr~nked tops,
single extension arms shall be used pointing in the opposite
directi o n to th a t of th e cast cranked tops. ·

:9. T~ ree lines of barb e d wire sha ll be pro vid ed. The lowest line
sha ll be not more t~an lSJmb above the t op of the chain link
and the others equally spaced to a po sition not ex ceedin g S~mm
~elow the t op of ~~e ex~ension or cranked tops. The wire shall
be attached by eye bolts to the cranked t oos oE the straining
posts, or the extension ar~ s, and shall be properly strained.
On the inte:~ediate ?Osts they shall be secured to the cran~ed
tops with stirrup wires. The barb ed wir e shall be fitted with
one droo oer at the center of each bay, sec~red to th e wires so
that th ey cannot be bunched togeth e r.

2~. All bo lts t~ fe~ci~g shaLl be burred o ver.

~l . ~here gates are installed over other than hard, properly

constructed and surfaced roadways, a concrete sill shall be
formed carried up to wit h in sgmm of the bottom of the gate.
: he t~p o~ t~e s~:: s~a!L je at g:ound le v e l .
- . • • 1
:i;:tings for :e ncl:1S sna.!.._ be a s fol lows :

a. ' , ..L
•"-'\.!a

b. Cleats, one to each eye bol~, sha ll be of unt~or~ size a nd

shall consist of ~ild steel angle not less than 76mm X
52 ~~ X 6.]:;:~ ..

SSD 01: ?.'\G2: 7 OF 8

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t:'-
c. t:yebo!.t strainers shall c o nsist of Hlmm d iamete: bolts
with weld e d eyes s~E ~ i c ~ently th~eaded ~~th a ~ut and
washe~. T~o way eye b o l t strainers shall have suita b le
ring nuts fit ~ ed a ~ ter the wires have be e n st: a ined on one
s ice.

St.retch er bars shall co nsist of mil d steel fl~~ 25mm X

4.7Srr::ll . T~ey should b e secured to the cleats by ~mm
diameter st.eel bolts.

e. Dro??ers for barbed wi~e shall be of mild steel not less

than 25~ X 4.75~u thick with 33mm X 4.85mm half round
sta?les for fast.ening the barbed wire to them.

sso 01 : ?.~GE 8 OE' 8

9
I , _ .,.
 GR0 UN D F I XI ~{ G T I E - CHAHI LI NK FEN CI NG

Chain-link fence

,r-- Grc und Line (Graded)

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Chain-link (3elow ground)
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Concrete s il l

Rebar
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- - - - - -- - - - - - - - - · -- ·-- - -
 ANTI-INTRUDER CHAIN LINK FENCING - SS0/1

J rows ba~~ed wire

2 line ·wires &

l barbed wire----_.~

wires secured
wi=e s~i=='.l'?

Hole fo:- post

J00;;-..-:1 scua=e
conc~ete fi.l.::. . 0 hole for
lOrn.-n
lm. .;er- hal: stirrup wire
(l:!IJ ;::i.xl

SSD / 1 Illus~.=ation 3

!/
- - ··- . • - - --------·_;:_
·· _c·c __ __
 ANTI-INTRUDER CHAI~-LINK FENCING - SSD/1
s t r: a i il i ::. c ?o s~s ~ 5 iJ ::-~""';1 x 1 5 0 rnr:1

j7 6ffir.1 X 50 ~~ X 6.3~~ cleat.S &

2 Sr.>:.l 4.75mrn ~. S. st:-etcher
Cl bar X

b eye~olt. s~:-ainers
\for ba :-t:ed wi:-e

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s~rainers
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---. .,

F.o le 3 OOrmn x 600mm

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:ninimurn 450mm I : !
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minimum 300~ //
t/~, : - . /, T wide, concrete / .
~~ll to lower ~al: ~
(1:10 mix)-------------/

SSv/1 Ill us t:-ation C

I 7
I -

I - •
 ANTl-INTRUDER CHAIN -L[NK FENCING - SSD/1

Ex te~ s ion .::\.ens

Galv~nizec MS ar.gle
44 . 5 X 44.5 :< 4.67~~
holed for staoles
for fixing 3 iines
12Lr.rn diarr.eter
holes fo~ 10~~~----~
l
barbed wi~e
ciiarnete:- bolts

INTE~~EDIAT~ POSTS

Galvanized MS angle
50.8 x 50.9 x 6.32wm
~~,holed for 3 eyebolts
12~ d.iar=ete!:' for f~xi~g 3 li~es
holes fer !Or.'.::ll---- -< barbed ·,..ri=e
cia;nete:::- bolts

8
ST~.x::~I~G ?OSTS

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 AN Ti- l ~!T R UDE R CHAIN-LINK FENCING - SSD/ 1

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SSD-02. CA T~GDR~ I I fDIC I ~IG

L. ~=ncing 1n use will con:or~ to the f oLl owin g m1n1mum st a nd a rds:

a. T~e heish~ of the fence incLuding any cran~ed ext e nsion

shaLL oe not less t~an 2.9 m above the ground line {g raded).

b. PVC coated c~ain-Link fencing is to be used. The coLor of

the PVC is to oe dark green or black.

c. T~e chai~-link fence shall have 5~mm mesh of 4mm diameter

steel wire or heavier and twisted a nd barbed top and bottom
selvages.

d. Barbed wi::::e sh.a!.l consist of three rows of 2 strand 12.5

s~g galvanized 4 poi nt t~ick set barbed wire secured to t~e
~osts with 14.5 sw g galvanized wire loo9s.

e. The t op lines of the bar~ed wire shall be fitted with

croppe~s s0 tha~ they·cannot be bunched together.

f. As far as ?Ossiole the fence is to run in straight lines.

Where change of dbrection 1s required the angle is to be
not less than 13~ .

g. The ' fence is tJ be sunk into a minimum 15~~~ wide X SCOm~

deep cor.c ~eLe c~a~~el t0 ?revent burrowing .

h. Where the fence is erected on a coast the minimum distance

from the fence to t~e high water mark shall be not less
than 60::n.

-'- . A clear :cr.e 15 to be created on both sides of the fer.ce to

a mini~~J de?th o: lSm.

~ - ~~e~: ?Csts =~c s::~:5 a: : o: ::netal they are to be ~ild stee l

angle, steel tu~e or hollow section.

J. S?ecificati o ns are:

(L) ~he~: ~i:d st e el angle is used the verticaL lengt~ lS

to ·: : e 3 . 2::: , a :-. c the sect i on i s
t 0 :::: e 5 l;n.m :< 5 l cr:~ X
6.:::.::::.

sso '<J2:
l-4 C3}0 -!/0.J . . (:-JL:JI

(2) Wh e :: e s ;:: e e !.. tube i s used the v e r t i c a l len g t :-t i s t o be

J . 2;;< , the secticn b e 48mr:l outsid e diameter X J . 2mrn .

( J) Where hollow section is use d t~ e length is to be J .2m,

a nd ;::;,e s ect ion is to be 38mm X 38mm X 4~m.

b. Strai~i~g ?o st s

(l) Wh er e mile steel angle is used the vertical length is

t o be 3 . 2m , the sect i on 63 . 5~~ X 63 . Smm X 8mm .

(2} Where steel tube is u sed the ve r t i cal lengt~ is to be

3 . 2m , the section 60mm outs i de diam ete r X 4mm .

{J) Where r ectaug ular hollo w sec tion is us e d the vertica l

length is to be 3.2m, the section to be Slmm X Sl~m X
4m:7t .

c. St ::u::s

(l) Wh ere mild st eel angle is used the vertic al le ngt h is

to b e 3.2~, a nd the sectio n 44.Smm X 44. 5mm X 4. 67~~ .

(2} Where s tee l tube is us e d the v ertical l ength is to be

3.2m, and the section 48mm outs i de diameter X 3.2mm .

(3} '..ihere re ctar.g~lar hollow section is used the vertic al

leng::h is t~ ~e 3 . 2m, th e section to be 38wm X 38~n X
3 . 2:T..l;t.

~- All s~:uts should have a tie bar no~ l e ss than ~.75m long
sec ur ely f:xed to st:ut and s training post with bolts not less
than 7.9mm diameter. The tie bar should have the same section
as t:1 e s!:r·~ :.

~- All ~etal used sha ll be ga lvan ized after m anufa c t~r e .

6. The bette~ o: al!.. an sle steel

and struts shall be S? r agged~osts
an c ': ·. : j es :-: a v e b a s 2 i? !. a ~ 2 s l S g :::.~ X
a n C: ;. o : :.. c ·...; 5 e c ': i c r. s sh a l l
lSGmm X 3mm to ?r ov ice a key t~ c onc r ete bases. The e nds of al l
holl o w steel ~os;:: s shall be ca9ped and sealed.

7. Steel extension ar~s f or steel po sts shall b e mild s teel angl e

44.5~~ X 4~.5~~ X ~. s~~~ a ~d g alv a~ ~zec. Eac~ a::~ sha!..~ ~e
hol ed : J :3~e ha: : = ~~~d s ta?le s Eo:: fixing th r ee l i ne s oE
~arbed N ir~ ZQ J~~ a?a::: and shal l be 9rovided wit h t N O 9 . s~~
dia~e~ e r sa~va nized ~ot : 3 .

SSD ~2 :

,
I

I D
sso ..o2 . 1-J_)I

3. SteeL ~x tens ion ~~~s for t~bula:, c ircular and r~ctangular

hollow ?OStS s~all be ~elded on or shall be a continuation of
th3 tu~u l3 r ?OSt. Th e extension arm shall form an angle of
40 or 45 wi~h the vertical line of the post and shall be
sue~ len gt h as will increase the vertical heigh~ of the fe ~ ce
to 2~9:";1 ..

9. No holes s~all ~e drilled or made 1n posts after t~ey have been

galvan!.zec .

.0 . Whe~e conc~ete oosts are S?ecified the following sta ndar ds ~ill
be observed :

a. Mate~ials

(l) Cemen c u sed in manufacture shall be Portland ordinary

or ra?id hardening cement or Port l~nd blas~ furnace
cement . Where the Owner specifies,
sul?hate-resisting or high al umina cemen t mav be
used.

(2) Ac_;gresates shall not exceed UJmnt nominal s1ze

max1:nu~.

(3) Additives ·..;here used shall be 1n such proportion as

t o have no ha~ful ef:ects o n th e setting, hardeni~g
or cur3bili~y of the concrete .

(~) Rei:-J:'):ce:.tent ba :- s of all posts and st r :Jts shall

ccnsis: a: a ?ref~bricated cage of four s~eel ba:s
secured by mild steel stirrups of not less than
2 . 65~~ diam e ter spaced at ce nt ers no t exceeding
38mrn. The stirrups shall be closed to the bars and
~2:2~:e! :o be :aces of the posts . T~e s!.zes
s~ee~ r ein for=!.:1g bars shall be as follows:

( =) Inte~ediate posts - 8mm diamet~r.

(::,) .)trai:-Jinc_; ?ost.s - lJr.~ diameter .

(c) St.::uts Bmr.a diamete:: .

(5) The cover o: t.~e concrete to the r e infor c ing bars

s~a~~ exte~~ =o ~1t:1:n 25mm of eac~ end of :~e u~ic .

~~=:~~ ~a~~:;c=~re t~e c;ge shall be coo t: o ~ !ec ~~
?CS~~:o~ to e~s~:e that this is achieved.

SSiJ g2: PAGC: 3 OE' 3

17
SS V-02 · · · ··

b. Mo l es shal~ oe so c ons ~:u cted tha t they r ema in ri g 1a during

t he ?tac :ns anc ccm~ac:io n oE the co nc rete t o ~rever. t th e
loss of wa~e:, g: o ut o~ mortar f:om t h e con c:ete . Th ey
shall be s~c~ that t h e f ini shed products ar e ac c~rate
wit~i n t he li~its s~ec i Eied anc shall produce the :equired
surf3. ce fin i .s h .

c . 2 in ish shalL be oct a~ned by c asting the unit i n ~ r o~e ~ ly

des i gned ~ales . Where t~ese a r e of wood they shall be
close joi~ :ec wr ought timber and the fa c es of the unit
shall b e i~?ri~ted with the sl ight grain of the wr ou g ht
ti~ be : and t hei r jo ints. In addition, irre spective o f the
mate r ial ~sed f or the moles, small surface b lemishes caused
by the entra~~ed air o r wa t e r may be expected, b ut the
surfa ces shall be free fr o m honeycombing or other larg e
blem ish es .

d . ?r cpo rt:cni~g 1s to be co nsistent. The cube str2ngth of

t he co nc:ete ~ix sha l l ?e not le2s than 25.SN/~~ wh e n
t e sted a~ter 28 c a ys or 17.2~ /~u wh e n test ed afte~ 7
days. The above s tren gt ~s may be expected fr om a mix
com 9osec o: one 9a~t by weight of cement and not more th an
~iv e 9a:~3 jy wei ght of graded aggregate or equivalent by
vol ~~e . The water /c e~ent ratio should not exceed 0.53 by
weighi:.

e . Mix ! ns sho~ld be by mechanical mixer with the mini~um

qu an tity of c lean wa ter t o pro vide for eff ec tive h yd : at i o n
mix in g anc ccmpactio~, ~ntil there is a unifo r~
c ~ s~r:~~~:on of tje ~ateria:5 and the ~ass is u ~ i:o: ~ in
colo : a~ d consistency .

f. The co ncrete shall be used as soo n as possibl e a fter being

~:xe~ a ~d ~ 0 ~ate:ial s~all be used in the work if it
ca~no~ ~e =~~; ac~ed fully ~ich o ut the addition of extra
~a~er. v :=rati~s. tam?i~s o r other eff e ctive met~ o c shall
be ~sec to c om?ac ~ the conc :ete.

s. ~ ~:9s3 ~ =~2:~i 3e ~?;: c~e~ jy ~~e the Owne r in ~= ~ ~i n~ , no

pr oduct shalt be su~plied until i t h as been al lowed t o
~a ture ~n ee: suitable co n ~it ions for a period of not less
than 2 8 cays.

~ ~~e : es~:=; ~~ ~e5: s S~3:l c~~?lY ~i~h the recuirement

o~ : :i~e~ ~ = s~~-?a: a~ :a ?~ c . a ~ove.

sso 'J 2 : P.;GC: 4 OF 8

IS
 .... SC- ~:i - -···· -- r0~JI

.. .l . ... ....... .. ·····

~. The ~olla~ i~s ?er~issible deviations shall apply to all

.-4. .
specifie d .... 1men s 1o ns:

( 1
- ') C r oss Sec~ion - -.} :nm

( 2) Le:1gth - - ! 2:7ti":l +33 ms

~he two long arrise s a t the bac~ o f the posts shal l be

r ou nd ed or sha~p edges removed bef o re d espatc~. T op s
shall be :cu:1d ed . Exc e pt fa~ c:anked c op s, posts shall be
o£ the same c~os s s e ctio:1 throughout their ler.gt~, sub j ect
to the molding allowance of 4mm.

]. Intermediate posts be 125mm X l~gmm and shall have a

sh al l
ve rtical hei gh t of J.2m overall. They shall have 10rnm
diameter holes for stirrup wires and, if specified, 12:nm
dia ~ ete~ ho~es fo r fixin g extension ar~s.

~- St~ai nin g post s shall be l50mm X l50 mm and s h a l l have a

vertical heig~c of 3.2m overall. T~ey shall be de s i gn ed
to provide a firm bearing for the struts, which shall ~ee t
the s~raini~g posts at a point with i n th e t op third of the
length o: the st:ainir.g post whic~ is ab ove s=ound. They
shall have l2:nm diameter holes fo~ fixing eyebolts and, if
specified, extension ar:ns.

l. C:~:1~ed tops to posts shall be at an a~gle o f 43°

45 to the v e:ti c3! , and shall be o~ such lengths as
~ill inc ~ease t~e v ertical height o~ c h e fence to 2. 9 ~.
They shall be cast with t h e posts. Cranked tops for
inter~e diat e ~csts shall taoer to lOOmm X 8Smm at t~e too
and shall b e provided with l~mm diameter holes for stirt~p
~i:es ~ o r sec~:in g t~~ee li~es of ~a:jed wi : e 2~3m~
3?ar~. c~~n~ed tops for st~~:nins posts shall taper t o
l5Gr.,:n X3SW!'11 a;: t:1e t o p and shall be ;::>rc·: idec with 12:nr.1
diameter holes Eo = st=aining eye baits !ot sec~ring th= e e
lines of oc~jed wi:e 200m~ a?a~t. St:uts shall ~e l30~m X
l~Jmm ~o.~i;:n paz:allel sides and 3.25m lon;.

~. ?osts a=e t o be set at no more t~an J m centers.

n. Co ncrete s~::ounding
the oases of the po s t, struts and
c~a ~~-~~~~ fe~ cin s she~~
je n o t : e ~~ e = jy ~eight ~~a~ o ~e
~a =t o: c~~e~: ~ o te~ ?a~~s o: g:~Ce~ ag ;~esate o £ 4g ~~
~ c ~in2! ~ axi~ c ~ size, mixed ~ith the ~ini~um requisite
q . !ntity of c ~ea:1 wa ter. 7he c o ns=~cuents s~all ~e
thoz:oughly ~ixec a nd the concre=e ?laced in position and
thoroughl~ compacted as soon as possible after mixi:1g.
S SiJ ~2: PrtG2 5 Of 8

,-
SSD. 32 .

. 1.40.8}.~. :!/:J J .. C:->L.:!I

~~~CTION - L!N~ ~ND L~V~L

l ' T~e !e ~c e s~a:l be e:ected sa t h~t on ccm?letion it 1s trulv

sQ ~ out o n t j e line of the bounda~ies set out by the owner.
~~e ~~? oi t~e £ence s~alL ~allow the prof il e of the g~ound.
~nv 0?2~ lng ~e~ow o r thr ou gh the fence s hal l be ?:otected 1~
ac::or::::~nce vic.;-. t~e O•..J;ler:'s S?ecifications. T~e sc.:::ength o~
any O?ening so t~eated sha~l be not less than t~e strength of
th e re~aince~ of th e fence. The fence line must meet the
S?ec:ficat !o ns set out in Paragra?hs lh and li above.

Straining posts shall be pr ovi ded at all ends a nd corners of

fe~ces, a t changes of direction or acute variations in level
and at intervals not exc eed ing 66m on straight lines of fence.
Int er~ediat e posts sha ll be S?aced at regular intervals not
exceedi ng 3m . Ho les for str aining pos ts and gate post s shall
be not les s than 0.4 5m x O.~Sm on plan. Holes f or intermediate
costs sh all be not less tha n O.Jrn X 0.3m on olan or , if bored,
;f e~uivalent area. ~ll holes shall be G.Brn-deep a nd shall
have ve:t:ca l sides. A!l ~o sts s~all be set 1n th e ground to a
de~th o! 0 .76m exce?t as varied to obt ain the levels specified
in 9a:ag:a?hs 13 above.

13. ~!ter insertion of posts, holes shall be filled not less th an

he!: t~eir ce?t~ in con c ~et e , well rammed as the filling
?:: oc eec s , a n d consolidated. After th e concrete has ha~dened
the :em a i nder of t ~e holes sha l l be back filled, well rammed
anc co~s~lidat e c. Holes for gate ?Osts shall be filled
cs~?~e~ely t o s:ou nc level with concrete, ~ell rammed as the
::l~:~s ~r~ceeCs, 3nd consoliCateC.

·· St::uts shall be fitted with st::aining posts behind the chain

li n~ ~abric in the direction of the line of the fence. The
=o::~7. e~~ s~ ~i l 2e ~ot less t~an g_s~ ver~ically belo w the
;:: cr....:nc ~i~e (~::aced). T~e holes i:-1 c:,e ground to rec eive
s~ =~= s s~al l be not less than 3.6~ X a .Jm on plan, with three
ver~:cal sides. n:ter inse:::ion of t~e struts, the holes shall
be ::~ ~=c :o not les s than hal£ their dep th with concrete, ~ell
: !=~2~ as :~ e £i:~i~; ;rsceecs, anc C8nsolicatec. The mln!~Um
cove~ on all faces and at the ends of the struts sha l l be noc
less ~~an 75~m. ~fte~ the concrete has hardened the ~emainder
o: t~e ~ales shall be ba ck f illed, well rammed, and
c a ~ s c !. i d 3 t :d .

:~=:e s~a ~~
je f oe : ev en : y S?aced :c~ s o! li;1 e wi:e.
~::e je dc ~blec ma~i ng five li~e wires in all.
s~a:: The
= a::: ~ ~:ne ~ :e shall be close to the g~ound. Eac h line wi:e
s~a:~ ~e s:::a ned tightly by means of an eyebolt or winde( a:
SSD ~ 2: ?.\G~ 6 G? 8
~.SD. D2 ..... - Jl
~-

l _4 ? ?.! (J .4 /.0 3.. c-) L:.l!

l

eac~ s~:aini~s
?CSt. ~a ch l i~ e ~i: e s~a~ t be secur ed to ea c~
i~ter~ecia~e ? OS~
by a wire stirrup ?assed t~rough a hole in
t~ e 9o st and sec~~ed to the ti~ e ~ 1 :2 by thre e ccm9lete tur~ s
on e ac~ si ce or th e ?Cst.

15. T he ch ain lin~ fencing s hal l OE s tr~in ed be~ w ee n each patr of

sLraining ?Csts by ~ ea ns of a s tretcher bar. One of the top
line wires sh a ll be threaded throu gh t he a99ro9riat e r o ws of
me sh es, care being ta~en tha t no meshe s 1n the ro ws are
by?assed by the lin e wir e exc ept where devia tion is necessary
a t the st:aining ? OS ts. The se c ond to p line wire sha l l be
stra ined 1n fran~ o~ t~e fenci ng. The f e ncing shall be
attach ed to th e top and bottom line wires by wire tie s spaced
l50mm a?a rt, and to the othe: line wires by wire ties 450mm
a9a r t.

17 . ~h e ~ottc~ 52~m c: cna!n lin~ sha~l be securely fixed

vertically 1n a l SJffim X 59 0~m conc:ete ch anne l in the f o ll o wing
~anne::

a. The l o wer 45Gmrn o f the c onc:ete chann el shall be

constr uc =ec wit h hooked :ein~orcement bars s e curely se t
v ert~call y to ~ie ~he ba se of che chain lin~ fe nci~g . The
bars sh all b e no ~ less than Bmrn dia me te~ and not less than
32S~m in length. They s~all be set equally S?aced three
toarr.ete:::.

D • ~h2~ ~~e ~~se of t~e c~a in

li ~k has been sec~red to
s~eel ~ies a s ~~ m X lS0~~
conc:ece sil l sha ll ~e
c~ n3~~~c ~ec to enclo se the ties and the base of the
fence. A l/5 scale drawing is attached to this sso.

18. Cranke d to8s c~ si~s~e ex te ~sio ~ a:~s shall ?Oi~~ i~ the

d::e c ~i o n s~ec~!ieci b y the Cwne:. ~xt e nsion ar~s sha ll be
S~?pl iec fo: co nc: ete posts not r.aving tops cast on . Whe:e
coubl e exte r.s ior. a r~s are S?ecified t~es e sha ll consist o f t~o
si ~ sle ar~s ~ixed, pointi ng in op9osite directions, on o?po site
si Ces c : :.~~ ~ c s :3. is S?e cif~ec bot~ ioside
and outside a fence hav ing pos ts wit~ cranked t ops , single
extension a:~s shall ~e us ed poi~ting in the cocosite direction
to tha ~ of t~e cast c:an~ed top.

. 9. - .~, ._
:J ~ 1 l
__ line
s ~all =e ~o: 70:::e t~ar. lSJ~~ a~ove the to? o~ ~~e chain lin~
a~ a the o:her3 e~ca l!y spacec ~o a ?CSition ~oL ex=eeclnS SGm~
je lo ~ :h e := ;s cf the ext ensi ons or c:anked tC?S. The ~i:e
shal l je att2 chec jy eye bolts to ~he c:a nk ec t o os of the
st:alnl~S ?OSLs, or to th e extens! c n ac~s, a~c sh all be
SSu '02: ?.~G~ 7 Oc 8

2 I
 SSD :J2 .... . . . . 10_)1

. . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . • . . •. . . t::J\~:J I

~ r o?er ly
st~ai ~e c. On the int e~~ ed iat e ~osts they sh a ll be
secu:ed to tje c ~an ked to~s with sti~ r u? w i~es . :he barbed
wir e sh all be Eit~e d with one dra~9er at th~ c enter of ea ch bay
secured to the ~ires so that they cannot be bunched to sethe r.

2~. All bolts t o fe~cins shall b e burr ed over .

21 . ~here gat e= ar e i~ stal~ed ov er other than hard, ?rO?erl y

co nst ruc~ed and surfaced roadways, a c oncrete si ll shall be
t or~ed c arri ed U? to within Sem~·Of the bo tt Om of th e gate.
The to9 of the sill sh all be gr ou nd le vel.

2. 2it ting s for fencing shall be as follo~s :

a. All fittings shall be g alvanize d.

b. Cleats, one to each eye b olt , shal l be of un 1to rm size and

sha ll consist of mi ld steel angl e not les s than 7or..m X
Semm X 6 . 3~rn .

c . ~yebolt strainers sha ll consist of lemm ciameter bo lt ~ith

weld ed eye suffic ie ntly threaded and fit~ ed with a nut and
washe~. Two way eye bo lt st ra ine ~s shall h av e suitable
ri ng nuts , ~itted after the wir es have be en strained on
one side.

d . Stretcher bars shal l c onsist of ~ ild stee l flat 25mm X

4.7Smm. 7hey sh all be sec~red to th e cleats by ST.~
dia~et er ste el b el ts.

e. J[O?? er s : 8 r b arbed wire shall be o f mild steel not less

than 25mm X 4.7Smm thick with 38mm X 4.85mm hal£ round
staple s fo r f as ~enins t he barbed wire to t he~ .

sse> 02 : ?;..G::: 8 o: 8

22..
 GROUND FIXING TIE - CHAIN LINK FENCING

~Ground line (Graded)

!r---~-•.-------~~~~~~~~----~---------
~ 1 ~~~~----_____ Chain-1~~~ (3elow grou~d)
tl)'l. . .-~1---~..;...:...:.~~~~ -------conc~ete s~ll

-
~I of)

~
C)
0
~
0
~I Concrete c~annel
U"l U"l

I
~

I
I I
I T

I
I
I ...i
'
SS0/2 Illus~=ation A

2 3
.SS:J .3} ..

SSD-03, C~T~GOR Y I II f~~ C ~

Fencing tn use ~ill con form t o the fol lo~i~g spe cificatio n:

a. T he hei ght o : the fence shal l be not le ss than 2~.

~. Galvanized c~a in -li~k fencing is t o b e us ed .

c. The c~~in-link f3bri c shall have SJ2~ ~esh of 4mm diameter

steel wire or he~vi er and t~isted and barbed t o p and bottom
selvages.

d. ~s far a s possible t he fence to run in straight lines.

Nhere a chang6 o f direction is nece ssa ry it sh o uld be not
less than 13~ .

e. Line po sts shal l be s teel standard pi p e ~f not l ess than

60mm o utside dia~ ete r and ~ei g hi ng no t less than 5.45 kg/m.

f. ~nd, ccrner and p ull ~o~t s shall be steel st andard pipe of

not l ess th~n 75 mm outside diameter weighing not less t han
8.6i<gj;n.

g. Ga te hi nge p o s ts sh all ~e steel stan~ard pi?e with t~e

fol lowing diameters and weight s for the nominal wid t~s of a
single gat e or of on e leaf of a dou~le ga t e:

~ or:Ji.na l Miniwum Outsice Minimum

Gate Wid t~ D i a~ eter Weiaht

l.8:::1 ~nd .le ss 7Sm~ 8. 6i<g/m

Ove r l.8w and up to 4m l~~mm l3.6kg/m

h. ~ itt~~ gs and ha~~~ a re shall rn~tch the

t he s;os ts.

l. Top auc ~o~to~ ~ ens ion wires be~~een ?OStS shall be ~t

l ea s t Smm di ameter steel. Tie wire s~all be 4mm diameter
s: e 2l.

J. Stret c~ er b~rs sh all be st ee l, not l ess than Smm X l9mm or

equ iv ~lent c : oss sectiona lare a and o= leng ths equal t o the
fu ll heig ht of the fabric t o be u sed.

~- 3r:c es sh~~ l ~e s :e el ? : pe of a t : e :s: ~J~~ outsi c e

d~~~ e~e~ and ~ e :;~i ng ~o~ less t ~an 2 ~~ /m .

SSlJ 113:

;J Lf.
I
ss.v. 0 3
14. ~8 / 0......
. .... 4 / 0 .....
3 :.:~ \..:.!1
~_..J

0.. . .. .... .. .. . .. .. ... e ,_.._.,

- ..

I Bol ts, nuts and o th er hard~a:e shall be galvaniz ed steel .

m. Bol t s are t8 be burred ov er to prevent di sma n tling .

S SJ JJ: ?.;G::: 2 Of 2
 ss:::; . o.L ...... . ,0jl

... H 0 8/:3..4 / 0 J .. ·e:_)L:Jl

. . ~~ . . -... -. . . .. ..... L l_~ ~

1 The foLlowing minim~m s9ecifications ~ill be cbser ved .

a. ~e nce to ~ e cor.str~cted o~ Cla ss I Zinc C~ated woven wire

fa~ric.

~- ~i~i~uw heig~~ t o be l.S~ a~ove g: o und line (graded).

c . ?abr:ic shall have 9 horizontal wires a:: l2Gmm centecs •.-Jit;,

ver~ical stays 150~~ apa rt.

d. To? and bottom wires shall be J . SS~m diameter:- and the

inter~ediate wires and vertical stays 2 . 5mm diameter:-.

e . Where barbed wir e is f itted it s hall consist of zinc coated

t·,..,o st::and wir:e with 2 .5 mm diameter 4 !?Oint l.9mm diameter
rc~nd ~arbs S?a ced not ~ore than lJGmm a?art.

f. Tie and brace wire shall be 4.llmm di ameter steel zinc

c o a:: ed.

g. Tie wi:e for tying ~ottom strand of ~ar~ed wire to t oo of

wo v~n wi re f enc e fa~ric shall be 2.7wm diameter zi~c coated
car~on steel wi:e.

h. ~e~inal, corner a~d ~race !?Osts and diag onal ~races shall
be ?i?e of not less t~an 73m~ o utside dia~eter and shall
wei; h~ not les s :~ a~ 8 .62 ~g/ ~.

i. Gate hinge posts shall be standard pipe of not less than

lJG~~ diameter and s~all weight not less than 13. 79 kg / ~ .

J ? c s~ tc~s a~c o~~er f i ~::ng s and har~wa:e s~al~ ce

ga:~anized s:eel.

~- s:::e~c~er ba:s shall ~e str uc t u ral steel, galva nized, and

·::: e ~o~ le ss t:;.=:l 5 . 5::--~ X l9m~ o :: equivalent c::oss sec::i o nal
area and or leng:hs equal co the full heighc of the fabric
to ~e used . The bars shall be attached to t he fabric by
c~ = ~~s or ot~ er a~?r ov ed mechanical ~eans . One stretch er
bar shall ~e ~rovi ded for each gate, ga:~ hinge and
t2r~i~al ~o st and :wo for each co rner post and ?ull ~ost

SSJ ~4: P.:..G~ l Of l

_ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ ____;;,
·· .::.·
·· .::...
·· =·:..:.
· .:....
· ....:..
· :.:.:.
· · ..:.:..
· -========::···. : · ---·· - ------·--------· .. ... ...
 - 'I
::iSJ. G 5 . . . r--'.r

L::: l_;:l 1

SS D-05, G~TES IN ?~~I~ET~R FS ~C E S

l. Gates are to be redu ced t o a mini~u~ ccm?acible with tje

requ :. remen ts for con~r ol o: access and s a f e ty and emergen c y
~nocedu res. They are to be designed t o eli~inate as fa~ a s
!_)ossi'ole any ir.c ~ea sed facilities for u~ aut h ori z e d entry.

' T~e fo !.. lowins mini i::um S!?ec i: ica t:ions are t o a!_)!_)ly:

a. Single gates shal l be used to fill openings uo t o 2 111 in

wid th.

b. Double leave s oE eq ual width shall be u s ed to fill opening s

Qp to 8m in width.

c. Th e tops of the gates shall be l evel with the toos of th e

fencing .

c. The t o ?s of toe oar~ e~ ;.;oire snall be le vel with t~e to!? o f

the ba rjed wtre on the f e!lcing.

e. The b o ttom of t h e gaces shall have a ground clea~a nce o f

not more than SG~m at the meeting point u~less the site
co~ditio ns make a greater clearance necessary.

When closed, the S?ace bet~een the meeting stiles shall be

not more than 12~m.

g. cor * gates u ? ~o 2~ in wicth the following s~eci:ication

are to c??ly:

(1) Gal vanized steel t ub es 48.3mm X 3 .2mrn thickness hollow

se~t: cr. a~e t o ~e ~sed :or the f=a~es.

(2 ) Ga~·.;.=..ni.::ed s ~eel t·...:·:::es ~2 .2 :-:t.";J X 3.2:7u-:J ci:c:..:la:: h ol l o w

section are co be used for the . ~races.

n. ~o r gates over 2~ in ~i~:h the foll o wing S?eci:ications a re

t :) 2??:..:::

(1) Galva n ized steel t~jes 6G.3mm X 3. 2mm c ircular h ol l o w

section are to be us ed : or the fra~es.

(2) Galv aniz ed s t ee l t~~es ~8.3 ~m X 3. 2~m ci~c~!ar hollow

sec=lc~ a~e ~o ~e ~5e~ - - - t~e b~aces .

SSD G~: ?.\G2 1 OF 3

.. SSD . G5 .... .. ... ~_JI

J. C o ~st:uc t i o n oE sat es s~ all be as fol lows:

a. Gates shall be of all-welded const ruc ti o n.

b. Gate s and fitti n ss shalt be salvanized afte~ ~anufacture .

c. ':'~e f ~ame sh all 02 squa~ e with all COLn er~ ~itred Or

. • l .
saa::::_ec. Bent tubes or recuced co rn er s shall not be u s e d .

ci • Ver tica l brace s sh all be fi~ ed at not more th an l.2m

cer. ~e~s and there shall be one central horizontal brace.

e . Inf illing of sates shall consist of 4mm galv anized mild

st eel wire fabric of n ot larger than S~wm X SGmm square
~esh welded at all intersections with the wire r unning
horizo nt ally a nd vertically.
c
:.. . ~~e in~illins
shall be fixed to the frame by salva nized
cla~? ba rs 2Swm X 4.7Smm stitc h ~ elded to the fraw e U? to
2S~~ from each junct ion and the wire fabr i c , with a
sel.vedse all round, c lam;:ed to this with a 25rro..m X 4 . 75.-;-'"'-:J
clamp bar bolte d at not more than 0.03m cen ters wi th 25~~ X
3~~ she:a rd:zed b ol t s and nu~ s.

g. The outsid e of the sate shall b e flush.

h. C~ain-link infillins of a similar mesh and sauge t o the

: enci ns ~ay be used if spe cif ied by the Owne : .

~x: ensi ons

a:~s and ba:~ed ~ire. The hansina and shut~ir.s
s~iles shall be extended vertically upwa rds ~.45m to car ry
three lines of barbed wire.

~3c~ ve:tic3: ~r~ce s~a:~ ha ve a 3 .45m ext e ns ion ar~, n~ t

c:an~e d, above t~e f~a~e , wel ded and saddled ove~ it a~d
c::~ ~ed to ta~e and i nc~~de half round fastene~s for
3ec~~ins th e ~a~bed wi:e.

~ - :~e ~a:~ed ~i: e s~all com?iY with the S?ecifications laid

c8~r. in SSD 91 a nd shall be st=etched hand tight and
s e cu red t o lugs at the stiles .

SSD 05: P.-\ G=: 2 o:: J

s.:;o ..G s .. ... ... ~.)'

~403/iH/03 . . C·.JL::JI

l. Hinse s . The bo~t 8 m hinge sha ll be of the heel and socket

ty?e. fo~ ~a:es up to 2m wide ~he pla~e shall ~e l2.7mm
:~ic~ and tje pin sha~l have a ~inimurn diamete~ of l9mm.
?o~ sa=es eve r 2m wide and up to 4m wide the plate sha l l be
25~~ t~ic~ and the pln shall have a minimum diameter of
25mm.

m. The ~8o ~ir.se :cr gate s up to 2~ wide shall be made from

12. 7mm thick plate with a 12. 7mm diame~er pin and for gates
over 2m wide and up to 4m wide shall be made from 25mm
thick plate with 2Smm diameter pin.

n. The female half of the hinge pi n shall be welded to the

gate E~a~e a~d the plate car=ying the p1n shall be bolted
to the gate p~sts and inverted.

o. Drop bolts and sla~ plates. Mild stee l arop bolts 29mm in
diamete:- shall be s o fit~ed to all gate f::arnes (and
therefc=e to each lea: o: a double gate) that thev cannot
~e removed. Corr espond1ns sleeves to receive the~colts
shall b e se~ securely in the ground and concreted in.

The last c~osins lea£ of a pair of double gates shall

incorporate a stop which prevents one dron ~olt being
lifted ~hen the gates are closed.

q. Dou~le sates shall be provided with a slam plate o f not

less than l2~m thickness.

Loc~i~g devices. Each sate s~all be fitted ~ith a locking

jar no~ less than J8mm X 9.5~~ flat secured in a fra~e J8mm
X 9.5mm flat welded to the gate fra~e at the junction of
the horizontal brace on the shutting stile.

s. cor sing~e ga tes tje locki~s ~ar shall shoot into a socket
on the sate pos~.
....
~. ?or paics oE gates the loc ~ i~s ba~ shall shoot into a
3~3?~e ~~ = le33 c~an 25~~ X ~-~ mrn and all locking bars
shall be :itted with 63.5mo 7 lever galvanized padlocks.

SSD GS: P!\GS 3 OE' 3

 ("" ~""' ,.,. r- ..
.. u .. u ::l ...... '" . .

l 4J s / 0. 4./r.J)

S S 0-0SA , GATSS IN W OV ~ ~ WIRS ~A3RIC ~~NCES

l. Wh e r e woven wi r e fabric fences a re constructed the following

S?ecif icatio ns for gat e s will a 9ply;

a . ~vhere pedest~ian
a c c ess only is r eq uired t h e w id t~ of the
S3t e shall n ot e x c e ed l.Sm.

b. Whe r e vehicul ar acces s is required the width o f the ga t e

s h a l l not exceed 7 m, the gate to cons ist of eq ua l width
double l e aves .

c. Gate frame s s h all be galvanized standard pipe o f not les s

t h en 48mm outsid e di a meter weighing at lea s t 4.05 kg/ m.

d. Frames s hall be c r o ss braced with 2gmm diameter a dju sta b l e

tr us s r ods , and the corners s h a ll be we l ded.

e. The wire fa b r i c shall be attached to t h e gate fra~es b v

st~ e t c h e r bars and ti~ wir e s, as for the fence co nstr u~tio~
and tension c~nnec~ions shall be spaced 390mrn a p art.

f. Gates t o be hu ~g o n a minim u m t wo galvanized steel h inses

not le ss than 75mm wide, c l a mped s ecurely to th e gate ? OSt
and all o wing the g ate t o swi ng back aga inst the fenc e .

g. ~inge s shal l be desi g n ed and s o arranged that t h e gate

ca~not be r emoved wi th ou t mecha n ica lly dis mantling the
h:..nses.

h. Where barbed wire is fitted to the fence ext e n s ion arms are
to be insta l led o n the end posts to carry strands o: barbed
wire h o riz on tally aligned with those of the adjacent fence,
c~ ~~ e ver~ical f=ame ~e~~ers may ~ e ex~endeS to ca~:y t~e

i. Gates shall be secu r ed with padlocks and to this end each

~a~e shall be fi:~ed with a latch with padlock eyes of the
f o rked or plunger type, opera~ed from either side o f t h e
ga t e . Wh e r e dou~le gates are installed the gates shall be
fi:t e d with s t ops and a center rest ar.d catch .

SSD 05A: P.:..GC: 1 OE l

 ANT I-I NTRUDER CHA IN LI NK FENCING

...

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 ANTI-INTRUDER CHAIN LINK FENCfNG - GATES

~------~------~~----~
n- ----~I

.....:..!:!:
,..,~ ~

,!"--- -~
0 0
h ,..,
Vi 0
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~ax.
-
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1200

L Ope:1ings frcm 2 to 8m Double Gates

Gates to be all welded construc-

tion of RHS, co=~e=s ~itred, and
r-----f----
_ __ _
1- - - -
----- -----
_....
all galvanized af~er manufacture.
Gates uo to 2~ wide to have 38.1
X 38.1 X 4m:n (1.5" X 1.5" X 0.160")
RES outer frace. Braces to be
38.1 X 38.1 X 3.2i::m (1.5" X 1.5"
X 0.123") R.O:.:S.
'l!
· ·~· 0
ll"1
c
c
Gates over
50.8 X 4~
2~
wide to have 50.8 x
X 2" X 0.160") ~qs
{2~
r r'1
N
a-
N outer fra=e. 3races to be 50.8 x
50.3 X 3.2~ {2" X 2" X 0.128")
~~s.

I Infill to be 4mm galvanized wire

rI ..,
i: fabric of SOmm square rnes~ welded
I at all intersections.
~i:1gesto be i~ ac~ordance ~ith
Uoto 2m 3S ~22 ?art 10 and arranqed so
Si:1gle Gate t~at it is not possible fo remove
completed gate fro~ its hinses.

S SJ / 5~ ::: ~ s:~~t~c~ 2
r·-----------------------------,
ANTI-INTRUDER CHAIN LINK FENCING - STRAINING POSTS

No. eve bolt s tra i:-ter s

IJ 50 x 6.Jmm cleats &
~r bacSec! wire 4.75r.~ M.S. stre tcher

. .
',.
~I .• : ..

,• .·... .t1 II 1 .'. . I

. . . . I .· ..
. . I I . I .
• • I) l·j· ..
. , .·.. I ..· · ' I
to meet post .1.::1
•. • -
) ~ 1 . •.
ton c:::-:.ird I'.).,

t-tFy
~ cleats &
~o.
~ebolt strainers
cia. ~~-no
·- (3/8"}
eyebolt strainers .~
:::l
0
0
0
0
for stretc~er '\ G" ~ C"'\
ST:t;INI~G POST
bar & line v1i:-2s I\ ::..1 N N
1~ 0 :< l50mm

\rei---{
\ ~I C'l
I ~ ~
IIP --~ ! \ I

----------~
• \
\
\

'\ \

I
\
\
\
\.
''
f ! I \. \ ''
:-:o~ e for ~ost! 1:··~~-.1;--"'-.j
. . .I . Hole !:or st.r'J.t
:::.2..:-t- ~ s ~...o. sq. i ____.f-!j' ··J ;' .. ,
C0r.Cr2':.2 fill! . ~.'I r.-:
, ... ~ .
min. JOOmrn wide ·
conc':"ete fill . .
\ .
... ~

~.

~ ~ : : J ::; .::.. :< ) -:: .::: ( l: lO :nix) to low-e::-

:..:...:e.:- i':al: ha 1 : ---------------__./

ST~UT 1 00 x 100;.~
 ANTI-INTRUDER CHAI~ LINK FENCING - INTERMEDIATE POSTS

I l line wi!:'e &

l barb ed wire

2 line wire &

l barbed wire --~

'Jf2
,.-j
.~
:::1
C'
::.J :~·, ·~ l 25 2 2 5 r.tr.t
X

~ conc!:'ete sill

!
l l i ~2 ·..; l.:: e -----;._1.... '( with ha.i::--oin
staoles cast
+ ~
l.;l. at
750 ctrs.
113 0 0
:l C)
~
C)
Q"\
.~TE~~ATIVE T~~~T AT
C'

~
l.:-l N N FS~!CE 30TTOM

l li"-e ·..;i::e---~._r....+ 'f

......
.~
;:I
0'
l.:-l

y I
~
... I
I
I
c i
:., .-
\D
Eole fc-:: :::ost ~~ . r-
. I ·~··
;::.:_n. J OOr._;
conc-::e<:e fili
sc .
.
. J• .., ,

(l:!.O ;-;-:.ix) to wires

l c we!:' :-:al :
: ~,l':' ~ ?-~~=:: .!.:'~ ?CS :'
125 X l•) C r!'r.i
 ANTI-INTRUDER CHAIN LINK FENC ING -EXTENSION ARMS

"'\_ \Galvanized /1S angle

~44.5 X 44.5 X 4.6/mn
holed for staples
12::-:.l ¢ holes for __/ + for f~x~~a J lines
MlO (3/8") ~ bol:.s ~ \ barbed wire

I~~~~~~DIAT~ POSTS

\,(s
!Ga
,..
'··:.~-\~e..:r
'--J. .. ..- -
_..,. 'fl \....,:.. • •
:o ... c
-A • '
1e
-

50.8 X50.8 X 6.32~m

lh o~e ~ :o::- 3 eyebolts
~--l:c~
.!... ..;... :~x;~a
_ _ .. -•·_. 3 li nes
I ba::-::::ec. ·,..,ire
12~ r/J hole s f o r / +
~1 0 (3/8") rf; colts~

~Rr
~ ~,
- ' '....---
 ANT I - INTRUDER CHA Pl LINK FENCING - GATE POSTS

=~=-=~~~-
______ -,,.-
I
}_

I l
I I 'I I I
II I I
I I 11
•
t I I

r
0
I 'l I I ID I I I I
I I I I l r- I I I 1
LLll.Lr .L____L Ll..J _ _'f
Gate opening width !
I
Sase plate 300 x 300 min. Base olate 300 x 300 min.
offset to clea r st~aini~g Post hole 450 x 450 min.
post. Pose hole 600 x 600 concrete (1~10 mix) fill
min. cone. ~ill to 50 to 50 above ground.
above g::ou:1d

Gate ?osts to be RHS toes ca~~ed & sealed, base~la~es welded or

-
1 .~~~
~o _ _ __ ,
~ll
---
c~
.., -
1 ··-~~ - ec"
..... '!IC:.J. .. ..l..L
-(3
. • s• -~~Q)
/..!....., a~~o~
...;,..'---..&.. ~~n·u~
.~.~~;:,....
~C ~'- "
..;._"""' ~-
o...A -
0·

Sizes as follows -
Gate ope n ing uo to 4m wide 10 l . 6 X 101.6 X 4mm (4 .. X 4" X 0.160"}
(;::o ._ o c ::e::::...~:::-
tQ Si:l ""-~- .. .; ....:~
:::2.-l 152.~ -.• . 9 :7...l"7t (6 .. ;( 5 ,, 0.:92 ")
-
~ ~-
- U:l to
Gate O?e:1.:.:::<;
'---

6m .,...ide , -I ~
X
::!.52.4
X
6 .Jmm (6" X 6 ..
X
X 0.250")
.
Gat.e C?e:1:.::g t:? to Sm .,.;.l ee /
.:.:J-.-.
::!.77 .9
X
X 177.8
X
X 6 • Jr:'.m (7" X 7" X 0.250")

SS~/S A I!lus:~ati:~ 5

/
0
 ANTI-INTRUDER CHAIN LINK FENCiNG -GATE

~--
II

il
II

I
I+

l
!I ! lll~l ll · ~i
I
I
I
1
+ !I ==1
;:::::::::1 :!::=:=

II='~'
1=:;:::1
1 :::;:::::::
11

ii 1i
::::::;:::::11 Sto~ to prevent
removal of drop
bolt
J
11 iil lu u !I 1111
50.8 X 50.8 X 6.Jmmj
I

jjj~, ::::::
~.s. angle welded
to last closing
leaf

====:'r===;:''::::;T1· r--,Lf'
'1!I Jl 1 1
• I l jj 11
1-~::::;;;:.T-t:=:l
=:::±:l
.t---JL
===I=
Drop bolts M20
( 3 I 4 .. ) d i a . MS
0
t--
====~· 1
j_ IL . !I - - fitted in MS
I II I l: 11 ll II tubes

==
II !~ I
= 1:!:::::;1
I
(.......,--,..--,.-11
I
~ i II I

I! I l : : I
~ ~ !I I I
II !I ! : I : II II !I
!I !I l'. :I ::·r+'
1
: il II !I

il + ·l ,t] lUI
t : : : il ~I
I I I i
I ; I l

..- "'·I I I J r= G::o u:-.d J.. eve l ----'""'~ .,_..,..;--~~- --~-~

•.~.--=~~.,....:.-:r-~-
t
. •· 11 111 ·.· ·.: • •
,&" -:• d' . · --- · -_r---...!..

l .· .. ' ',!·.,,','···
- ; _ - :: '' • 1: 11 •• •••
· · r1 I I
• ••
·: ·
Removable collered
sleevesseti~
·
. . ..•· rlI 1,1.· . • ··.•.
l. , . . ·. 't_}~. :~ ·-.·"'" . : c?ncrete. Similar ·. · .- ~-Jj ·'· ·-. •.·
..
Il . . . · ·. . . ' •. . ' ooves !:"9CUired tO
- ~--
.
>:' ·: . :~ ~ - :_
. . . • . . ::,
.

1':·.:. ;
; ~

holC gates o~en • ' i .. • • •

• - >.: · • ·. )··
1
:: ~~ ~~ is~~~ ~a::G s ~==~ced, crovic~ u~c ~ = sa.~e's
cor.crete sill 125mm wide by 22Smrn high.

I)JS IQ;:: ::::::..:::v.;TION S!::CTION

 ANT I- I ~ITRUDER CHAIN LINK FENCING - GATE

~
I

Il I '~j !Stiles exter.ded to

car =y 3 lines barbed w;ro

!
I
i T09 rail

,n
lnR!= ~
,, ,, . II i! I ! -~~

II 'II l ~ II.. II IS lam plate

i ll 00 X 150 X 12mm
!I !I lj II
I 'r" :I I

!I il I II II
I
!I 4 mm galvanized wire
II ~~ I I I 11 1Vfmesh
abric of SOmrn square
welded at inter-
!I I 1 I I I II 2s e5ctions & fixed by

t+1!
.I ! :1 •!./ II II II
II I I
x 47mm clamp bars
11 b o lted at 300mm cen~e=s
w ith M8 bolts to 25 x
~~gT--?r-flli~~~=~~-j:--- 4/mm bars stitch weld e d
~

· to gate frame
DO
!I !I $::=

s
!I II
LocKing bar 38 x 9.5~
Tll I
:
.,
,...--~~-·
·i
with 2 -15 ~~ dia. holes
:o= 6 lever oadl o ck &
, 1__
I ;:-..:\1 a~a.
. . ro -d "-~.an dl e
il I I set in frame of 38 x ~~
l
9 .5mm flat welded ·
!I II Ito gate frame 1 J
tr=;""r:======E=o=r=~ ~
·I il

z o n tal brace
___JL
between stiles

I~SIDE ELEVATION SEC7!0N

SSD/5A

. . ·--------
 S.D.. 'J 6 ..

1 ~ '3 .8/.0.4/J. 3

SSJ -06, 3A~~~D S W! ~ E CONC~~TIN~

This Di:ective lays do w~ t~e minimum specificati o ns of aarbed S

Wi~e Con c e~tina for use in ins:allacions within the Ki ngdom .
garb ed S Wi:~ will not be insc3lled in any industria!
in s~alL~tion without :he express, wr itten a uthority u f the
Se c reta:-ia.t.

? The Barbe~ s Wire Conc erti na shall consist of si ngle str and
prefo:~e d spri~g
st e el li~e wire fitted with garbed SW ire . The
coi~ shall be n ot less than 0. 70m or nor more than G.7Sm in
di am eter and shall consist of 52 spiral turns connected by steel
cli ~ s so as to f o rm a cyli~drical diamond pattern wh e n extended
to a coi l length o: a max imum lSm.

One en d tur n of the co il shall be fitted with four bun dl ing

wir es for sec ~rin g the coil wh en compressed a nd e3 ch end turn
shall be fitte~ with two s~eel ca rr ying loops. Th e Co~certina
shal l maintain circular shape wh en extended· to th e r equired
length and shall not defer~ ?e:illanently when weight is a~plied
to t he s~:etchec wire and, when released shall retract into a
compact co il.

Tte li ne wire shall be mad e f o :~ spri ng steel with a mini mum

,(

dia ~eter of 2 .Smm.

= St2el s~:i~ for 3ar bed S ~ir2 Co~ce~tina shall be made f~ crn la~
C3rbon s~ee~ t~at
has been suitajly te~pered. It shall have a
thic~~es5 o~ 3.SJ~m and shall j e electro-galvanized galvanized
with z1~c to a thicKness of no~ les s than ~.~~25»~ on each
side. ~ot di~ galvanizing ~ay ~e used providing the speci fied
thickness is maincai ned.

Ca::yi~s locvs shall ~e oE cal~anized steel o f not le ss t~an

4.8~~ c:=. ~e -:e!:.

Clios 3a:::jed s ~i re Conce::ina shall be ~ade ~r om steel no~

Th e li ~e ~i~e toget~er ~itj c !~nc hed

o n Sar~ed SWire shall be
? re:=::::~e d ~J : 3: l nat~~=lly coil s and shall n ot sho w a wa vy
1~~~
co nci t:!.on no: fo:~ figure e is h: . S?liced joints sha ll be neatly

SSD 06: ?.-\G:: l 0? 2

7
 S S :l . G6 . .. . . .. ~-J\

... . :'J . ... ..... ........ .. ~\;..:!

9. The two o~ter tu~~s at e3ch e~d of the c onc erti~a shall be
cli9ped t ose ther a~ fo~r points equally s9 a ced. The e~d curn
shall b e connec~ed to its adjacent turn ~i ~h two clips spaced
at n o t ~ore tha n 150~~ cen:e5s. T~e line wire shall be
conn e cted by cli~s every lZG + or - 1g on the
0

c i r c u in f e r e ~ c e . ;:: a c :-: ::. e1 r n s :1 a l l oe con ~ e c ted to ::.he s u c c e e d i ng

tur~ by the remaining eli~ .

l~. The steel c lips when clinched on the line ~ire shall allow the
coil to form the diamond pattern mesh without per~anent
distortion of the line wi=e at the clios. The clios shall be
c lo s ed sufficiently to ?revent the lin~ wire fr om pulling free.

.t....L. Wire used in the ma~ufacture of the concertina shall be free of

link s and bends. Shearings and bending shall be neat and
accurate and barbs shall be correctly form ed and sharp.

!2. ~he moc~ting of Barbed S Wire Conce rti na on Standard Securit~

Perimeter Fencing shall be as shown in Annex C to this sso . -
O~her configurations a re not considered effective and are not
;:o be used.

SSQ 0'6: ?AGS 2 02 2

.I /. .
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 S.5J- 07 ... .... . ..-J~Jl
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· · · -~- --- ------
SSJ-07, S~C~RIT~ AND ~~2~GENC~ EX!7 DO ORS

l. Door s design2tec as sec~:ity cco~s or emergency e xi~ dco:s in

~uil~i~gs ~ousi~g 3ensitive or vital equi?ments are tCl be
cCln s tructed so as tCl resist fClrcibl e at~ack. The fClllowi~g
mi ni~um S?ecificaticns are to a??ly:

a. Door to be ~i~i~~~ 13~~ mild steel.

b. Hung on three he a~y cuty hinges.

c. Frames to be not le ss than llSr.~ x 7Sm~ x l0mm mild steel

angles.

d. Fr a mes to be recessed from the exter~al face of the wall

and secured t o t~e ja~bs with four 23Gmm flanged bui~ding
i:1 lugs ·..,relded '::.o eac~ sice cf the f:ame. T~e fr arae tCl ce
9:o9erly grouted a: te r fixing.

e. The hinges to b e co:1tinuously weld ed to the door frame and

the door and thei: construction to be sue~ as to ?revent
rem oval of the ~inge 9ins~

f. ~henever ?ossible the doors to be outward openi~g.

g. Cn an outward O?e~lng si~gle leaf d oo r anv clearance

bet~een t~e locking sti le a:1d t~e door fr~me to be covered
by a~ exte:~a: ~::c s~~eL plat2 l53~m x 233~~ x la~~
?OSitioned ~o cove: th e loc~ bolt in the th: cwn ?OSi~i o n.

h. On double lea~ ~~=ebated doo:s external and internal

covering st~i?s extending the full length of the meeting
st iles are =o ~e =~=~ed.

l • .;~l. loc~s sec~ri'"c.y locxs as s9ecified in

SSD-8.

2. wh~re operational conci:ions ?reclude the use or mild s=eel

doors, a solid core ~ooden door not less than SJmm thick may be
ins':all.ed.

3. ~ll secu~ity doors are :c ~e : i t ted wit~ a stou: has? and staple

4. ~l! security a~d e~e:~e~c! ==~:s are co c~s?~Y ~~~~ :~e

S?ecifica=io~s la~~ ~=~~ ~~ \~?~ 83-197 7 a~~ lJl-~977 o~ jet:e~.

SS;:) 3/:
sss . 09 - 'I
. 1-....JJ.-

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,v

SSD-08 , M!~IMUM STA~DARDS FO~ LOCKS US~D ON

SECU~ITY OOO~S. ?~R!METE~ fENCES AND EME~G~~C~ EXITS

1. Locks used for ?eri~eter fences and control of access to a~eas

holding sensitive o r vital equipments are to have t~e following
c:1aracteristics:

a. Doors

( -1 'l Be resistant to forcing

(2) Have five ef:ective l eve rs

'(3) Have a minimum bo l t throw of l6mm .

(4) Be resistant to drilling and the bolt to saw ing.

(5) Fixing sc:e~s to oe hidde n wh en the doo: is closed.

(6) Box st:i:-ci.nc; pla t e· t o be used.

(7) Loc k to be mortised into fabric of door .

(8) Have deadlock action .

(9) Master ~ey systems not to be used.

(l J) Pin tu~bl e : , disc tumbler and wa=ded loc~s are not to

be l!:>ec.

(ll) =or ccuble coors , slicing coo~s and folding cioors ,

locks to have hook bolt deadlock action.

(12) Doc : a~c ~:ame to be fitted ~ith stout hasp anc staple
of th e ~EV06 A~ type.

(l) \vhere !?anic bolts are fitted they are to:

(a) Afford : esis~ance against forcible att ack .

(c) 3e i~c~:?oratec 1n any alar~ detec~i. c n system

ins::a!.l -=d

s.s:; <13 = ? .:;GC: l OF 2

- I -;
SSQ\J3 ... .

(J.......... . . .... . .. ... ....... \ - '\

~y

(2) Where a n1gh quality secu:ity deadlock 1s installed the

door to be Eitted with a n electrically secured , quick
release mag~ et ic locki~ g device. This device must ~eet
the requir ements of Nf?A 8()-1977 and NF?A 121-197 7 or
better .

(3) ~here the emergency exit is located in a security area

che door is to be fitted with an automatic re lease
sys t em of the R£0LAM A la r~ Bolt type or better.

( -i) Y-ihatever the device ins~alled it must be incori?ocaced

into any alar~ detection system .

c. P~ri~eter Fenc~ fitted with security padlock .

(l) Deadlock action.

(2) ~inimum five eff ec tive levers .

(3) Shackle to ~e resistant t~ sawing.

(~) Shackle to be =esistant to bei~g ~ulled a way from body.

(5) 3o dy to be resistant to sawing, drilling , chisellins or

hamrr:ecing.

(6) 3ody to pco~ec~ s hackl e on three sides .

(7 ) ~ey ta be wit~d:a~ n on ly when the lo ck is in the

"locked " position.

( 9) S~ac~le to have ma ximu~ c~ e ~ :anc e of 17~~-

SSD 38: ?.;GC: 2. o: 2

;,
' .
-' -
. ...0 ... -.-.-- ... -·-· .. t:' 1_~1

SS0-0 9, MINIMU M ST~NDARDS FOR S UI LOI~GS

HOUSING SENS I TIVE 0~ VITA L EQ UI ?M E ~ T S

~ - w~e :~ juilci~g s are des ign ated as hou si ng sen sit iv e o r vital
equ:;>roe:1 ts t~ e fo llowin g min imum sta11dards of c :J nst::uc:io n are
t-:> be ~ec. :

a. Walls a re to be of sol id structural mat e rial e .g. concr e te

blocx or c8 ncr ete, not l ess tha n 250mm thick including
w ~e: e ne cessary a SGmm recess .

b. Floors ~re to be co nstructe d of re i n forced conc ::ete not

less t han 150mm thi ck .

c. Cei ling s are t o b e cons tructed of reinf or ced concrete n ot

less t~ a n 1 50mw t~ick.

d. Windows a re not to be built 1n to th e building.

e. Vent:l~ticn in b uildings housing sen s iti ve or vital

e~u:~~ent s sh al l be by ai r c o:1d iti o ning. Th e air
co n ditioni~g unit s will b e l oc ated on the ou~sice of t~e
bui l ding and be protect ed by c aging o r si mil a r d evi ces as
S?ec if ied in sso-lg.

Doers will be keot to a minimum com patible wi~ ~ t~e

::es~ire~ent~ of safe ty and t he smoo th f unct :on i :.s and
e::ic iee1i: o8e ::a~ion o f t~e equi;::::ent s. ~1e::e dco::s are
:~c ~~ce c ~~ ey a::e to ~ee~ tje requirements :o:: security a nd
eme rgency do o rs as laid down in SSD-7.

?~=~ose 8uilC:~;s, 2 .s. s witc~ing s ea~, ge~era~o=s, ?~=~ s etc.

in ~areh o uses, ~~ey shoul d b e bricked in or cased in ~e av y gaug e
~e s ~ to se c~::e th em f r om th e rema inder of t~e bci~ ~i~s .

s so ._• ':: : o: 1
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s~:-lG, ?ROT~CTIO~ 0? VIT~L EQUI?~£~T

l. Where v i tal equi?me~t such as t:ansformers are in exposed

positions, t~ey are t o be rrotec~ed oy caging as follows:

a. !ieavy <;.::.uge mesn, e.g. 12- S g2.uge, is to be used.

b. Th e narrow di~ension of the ~esh not to exceed lJmm .

c. The mesh to be welded to a f:ame of mild steel angles spot

welded at 25G~m centers .

d. Doors or yates are to be fitted so that the clearance

between the gate and the f~ame, and between the meeting
stiles of a double gate does not exceed 13mm.

The roof to slope at a r:1inimu:n angle of ·3~ sloping a·.,.;ay

0
e.
from the building, to a.!.lcw any obstacl e or missile to r o ll
of£.

The cage to be i~corporated in any alarm system 1n use.

g. The doors t~ be sec~rec by suitable security locks.

h. Where gates are installed t~ey a re to be secured by an

approv ed security padloc~ and bar .

2. ~here cagi~g is n~t a?pro9ria~e, e~uipments are to be prc:ected

';:;y t:.e use o: ~ c !.ose boa::cec ·..; : .oc en fence built at leas: 5J3::>..7.
higher than the equipment ic is protecting. The roof is to ~e
cons~ructed as f~r caging .

Joers g~vins acc2ss co vi~a: equi;~ents are to o;en cu~~ards

unless speci::ed oche:~ise, ~v :~e Owner , for purposes c~
sa£e~y .

..
, s~=~c:~:e ~cusing v~:al e~uipments for~s a part of a
com ·~ound, the 30~angle roo~ snc~id slope away ~rem :~ e othe:
building .

5. Doors are to ~e eitted wi~~ a s:~u~ hasp ar.d staple o= the

~:: ~/0 3 .; R t !' ;'2 .

~ - ?he ~~c: S!:e s~ou~d je ~e:e:~~~e~ ~v :~e slze o~ t~e ~ar;est

?ieee o~ e~~:;~e~t houses .

S SiJ UJ: ? ..\G:: 1 OF l

S . . . Q . ::.1 . .. .. . .. 1-......J_)I
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S 3 u - !. !. , ? 0 \-i 2 K S !_; ? ? L I :: S

Tr'ihere ever possible in st a l l a tions should have their o·..;n ::lo •..;er
gene:3~ins plant. Where s u ch ?lant is installed 1t is t o be
suf~icient t o ~eet:

a. A~l :equi:a~ents fo: plant O?erations, communications a ~d

dcmestic a nd secuLity lighting.

b. · st3r.cby ca?acity EoL demands as outlined above.

c. ~e:gency generating c3oacitv sufficient to mair.t3in

co~munications, safety and s~curity lighting i~ addition to
any power requiLed foL controlled shutdown procedures.

L . GeneLators should be housed in solidly constructed buildings as

s~ecified i~ S3D-9.

~- ~:a~s=o:~ers are to be pLotected in ac co rdance with the

s?ecifica~ions as la~c cow~ in SSD-1~, and are to be located
adjacent to th e poNer generating units at ground level.

4. 2uel Eor ?ower sener=tir.g equi?ments is t o be stored a~d

pr o tected i~ accorda~ce with c~rrent safety standards. It is to
be loc~ted adjacent to the equipments it serves.

~ll cable d~cts and all fuel li~es are to be laid underground
and c =~e U? ins~de buildings.

MAINS :~?UT

b. where ~ains input 1s used in the installation, there is to be a

s:~~s~y se~e:a~i~s sys~~~ s~£:icien: to:

a . ~ee: all the req~ire~ents for ?la~ t o perations,

cs~~~nications, conestic and sec~rity lighting i~ the event
o: a ~ ai~ s ?O~er =ailu:e .

b. Have emergency generating capaci~y sufficient to maintain

co~~~ni~3~ions and safety and sec~rity lighting in addition
~o ~~at r2quiLed t~ me et t~e de~ands for cont:olled
s~~~~o~n procedures .

S SD ll: I?AG::: l OF 2
iS D ll
.. ... . . .. .. .. .. ..
-
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'l

'..408/04/03 ·- L.::)l
... .. . .... .. .... .. . (:J

~
~~~~
............ -.. .... . '-"-
7. The main in?ut, s~i~ches and associated equip~en~ a ~e to be
housed in solidly cons~:ucted buildings as specifi=d i~ SSD - 9 .
T~e ~uildin s a~e to be lo c at ed r.ot less t~an 6Gm f:c~ tje
peri~eter fence. Under no circumstances will a building
housing ~owe~ generating equip~ents or power dist:ibuting
esu:?~ents f o r~ ?2~t v: a ~e:i~eter fence.

8. St~nd~y generators should be housed in solidly c on st:ucted

buildings as p e r SS0 -9 and be locaced adjacent to the ma ins
in?ut building utilizing the same switching gear .

Trar.sforme~s a re to be housed in solidly constructed b uild ings

as per SSO-l~ and be located adjacent to be standby power
generating units at ground level.

l~. A sketch plan of a suggested layout i s attached.

sso ll: ?.~G:: 2 0 E' 2

( .-
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.SSD . . l2 .. ... . ~_)I

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SSD-12, CO ~~UN! C AT! O NS

firs: line C8~~~nica:i8ns are to be by land lir.e, usins a com~on

use: faci~ity. r~~ernal juncti8n chambers for t~e land line are
to be kept to a minimum compatible ~ith efficienc and eEfeccive
0pe:3tions of the e~ui?~ ents .

2. Where it is essential t~at additional communications facilities

are installed then it sh ou ld be a V~~ radio system . The radio
syste~ is to have a minimum fou: c~annels al lo cated as follows:

a. 09erations.

b. Fire Crews.

c. Security .

d. E~ergency Services .

3. Suf=icient hand held radio~ are to be available to meet the

demands of all users p lus backup stock of spares for use in the
event of an emersency r e~uiring the assistance of outside
asencies , e.g., :ire and secur ity services .

4. The co~~unication systems are to have their own standbv

gene r ator with sufficient capacity to meet the de~ands of a
:~l:y ope r3tional land line system and radio s ys t en in t~e event
of a total powe: fail~r e .

~. In addition to standby ~ower , the communi cations svstems are to

have battery generated emergency power sufficient to maintain
the radio system fully as well as a reduced l and line system for
a ~i~:~~~ pe~ioC c: l2 jou~s .

5. Wh e re ~h e:e is an E~e=;ency ~ c ern in existence t~e ~ain console

should be housed in a r~ o~ acjace:.~ to the ~ergency Operations
~008 .

...,
I • Telec~~~unications uepar~~ent ~e:sonnel should be :ecuested to
: educe t~e number o = juncti o n ~~a~bers to t~e absolute ~ini~u~.
The se c~=~bers shcu~~ ===

c. Sec~: ed by heavy cu t y s~ee~ c~vers.

SSD 12 :

.1_ -
f
S S u .. _L '2 -
f'-'..r
1\

l-HJB/0 -: /03

.. .. ........ L:' I_,:; I

8. Where l and line communications are considered vital a se?arate
spe c iE~cation will b e i ssued by the Secretaria~ fvr the
~ r otection of th e syste m.

9. I~ 15 esse nti al that any co:71munica ti ons sys t em instal l ed be

properly and th o r oushly ma~n.tained . This should be par t of the
or i g : nal bid S?ecification .

SSLJ -::. 2 : ?.; cs 2 o: 2

( _
_,
 SSD L3

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.. . . . . . ... . .. " [:_;~

I _.,
.. ·· ··· ····-- -- · · · · ·-· ·· · t::-~·
SSD-13, S ~CUR!T~ LI G HTI~ G SY S ~~~S

l . ?eri~ e ter Gichtino. Wher e securi:y lighti~g is installed a t

Jeri ~ ete: se cu ~ity fe~c e s, t h e Eol lowi ng ~ i ~i~u~ st andard s are
r e C!ui:red:

a. Lig ht s a.:- e t o be L~. o un~ e d 3 ;tieter s a~ove ~he s::: o und l 2'/e l a t
the fence l ine.

b. Dis~ance betw e en lights lS not to exc e ed H.l i11e te r s.

c. Li ghts a.re to be placed 10 meters inside the fenc e l ine.

d. Lights are to face o utwards, illuminating th e fen c e, t h e

outside ar e a, a nd the in s ide area to 3 meters frc~ t~ e
fence line . The l o wer edse of t h e beam may be aci justed by
mou~ting a s hie l d en t~e under s ide o f the lun i nary.

e. ~~e illuminance is to e xceed tha~ of the surrounding a.rea,

i n cluding street lig h ting.

f. High ~res s ure s odium di s charge l a mos s h o uld be used havins

::~e followi n g ch a r3cteristics:

(l) T~e la~? is to be t~!::n.:lar horizontal ))urning.

( 2) Bal~ast and control gear are tJ be cc~~atibl e with

?Ower supp~y 2. t place oE insta.llation.

(3) The la.mp is to be 430w with a lighti~g design lumen

output of 45~~~ lumens.

·:~ ) ~~e r e -st::-i:-(2 ~.i~e o n i:1te:=1J.pticn o:: ~~ -=: :Jo v.:e: su?p !. y
!S t o be no ~ore th2n one ~i~ute.

(3) The lam? i s ~o take no ~o re t~an five ~inct es t o reach

:ull br:ight:.ess.

(6) Lumen out~ut ~ e yond 23G3 hours o9era:~ o n 1s not t o

decrease by over 2~ 9e~ 13~0 hours o~er=ti o n.

g. L2.m9s are to be ~ounted in l u mi~aires with the fo l lo~ing

. -. . .
s ::e-:::.::.=a:::G~S:
 ' •~Q /rt A
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( l} T~e ~ou nting is ~ o ~e a ~ justable i~ beth the v e rtical

a1. c ~he horizon:3l ?:a~es. Stirrup ~ounts o:
g a !vani ze d stee: or ~~uckl ed c o l l ar s wi vel mount s o f
sa~ va n i zed scee. o: cast a lu minu~ are to te used.

7 \
( - 1 7he re~lect o r is to gi ve an asymmetric beam.

( J) The ~odv is to ~e o t heavy duty cons true t ion c E a

ma terial which is corrosion r e sistant to e le~e~ts
?resent a t the olac e of instal l ation.

(4) The body is to fully protect the optical and

electrical systems from outside elements.

(5) ?rant glass is ':o be h e at and impac t resistant. The

glass is to be ~at~ hinged and completely re~ovable.
It s~ould be secure ~ wit~ quick relea s e ~ey ooerated
sc:::ews.

(6) It is to be suitably gr o unded.

h. I~ coastal ar e as, or areas subject to fog, mist or low

cloud, low pr e ss~=e socium discharge lamps are t o be used
with a mini~u~ lighting de s ig~ out?Ut of 20~gg l umens.

I. The c~n:rol gear and bal~ast

are to be easily accessible to
~a:nteGa~ce control sear box or
?ersonne~. ~ re~ote
integra! bal l ast t:a~ ~ay ~e used, and botj ~~st ~e
pr o tected and sec~:ed ag a i~sc u nau':horized 2ccess. Wh ere
control gear is remote f:om ~he luminary, lamp igniter
~isca~ces a:e not to excee~ t~e manufa c t~re:'s recc~rnenced
mcxi~t..::-:1.

J • s=~::t the lam;J

-=' ~ 2 3 :· s : ~::: !.. s : o ~ 2 ;.; -? ::- 0 ·= :..: s : : i t t i :1 g s a r: 8 c :-:-:: c r e S c 3 ~ l. 2 s .

Cables are to be buried u~derground, rising inside masts.

l. ~acj la~p
to be ?=~tec=ed by a fuse to t~e
1s
man~~~c:u=er's reco~=ended ::ating. The fuse i s to be
Lo c a.=ed in the tl2se c~::::;.:=':=2nt of eac:--s mast. This
= =~ ;a::= e ~: :s t~ ~e ~=~= ~ ==~d j y a close :~==~~; ~~ne al
-.
:,...; :. -: :1 .:! he :1 vy du~y :tt:~::..~t.:;:'l :~ve
'
l e ve::

s sv l2: ? .:... c:; ::: 2 o: l0

.,';? - . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . L:' ~-~ I

m. A se9a:ate c1ng ~aln suoolv 1s to be used for pecimete:

lig~ting. ~ac h fittir.g is to be on an individual s~ur f:c~
:~e ring ~ain, and a lte:nat e lam?S are to be on separa t e
ci:-c~it3 .

n. ~ s~it~~ is to be fitted into the circuitry to ?er~it t~e

use oE alcecnate luminaires for 5~~ illumination if
required.

c. where switc~ing of sec~rity lighting is ~erformed

aut oma tically; srlitches are to be located at the security
c o ntrol :oom , net at the gate hous e_ Back indication of
the lighting st ate should be ~ro vided at the security
control building , so that ma nual switc~ing is immediately
ca~ried out when the automatic system fails.

2. 'l'ihen dete~ini:.g illuminance (lux ) o :: li gh t outpu t (Lu:nens) ;:;,e

following for:nula is to be used :

To t al outJut reau ired A x L x 5 = Lumens oe= lamo

N~moe r of moun t1ng points N
W~ere:- ~ = Area to be illu:ninated
L = Ill~~inance in lux
5 = Compensation fac t or for light loss bet~een light
source and ground .

Mrea is calc~lat ed by multi?lying t~e length of the pe r ime ter by

t;,e thrc~, throw bei~g feu= t:me s t;,e ~ounting height of the
l:.:.:nina:.:e .

Area Liohtino. where securi t y lighting is i nstal led to

illu~1nate an area , th e follo win g minimum requ ireme n ts are to
~??ly :

a. u~ce= ~c r~al circ~:nstances c;,e m ini~ uQ level of

ill~~:~ation at all 9o ints in the a r ea is to be JG lux.

j _ ~c c~ec~ ~o1nts and other areas where vehicles a r e searched

and coc:.:.we nts are chec~ed , the min i mum ill u minance is to be
50 !;JX .

c. Lam~s are to be mounted o n columns ~ot less than 10 mete:s

== ~=== ~~a n J J ~e:e:s ~~ ~e~s~ ~. exc e?t ~here 5?eci!i ed =o
:~e ~8~:=~=! bv t~a S2c~:: a riat to ~c : s .

SSD lJ : ?.;cc: 3 OF !.;3

····- ....
~ ----- --- - · - ·· - · -·.
SSCL 13 ..... - "
\'--'./'

d. t0 oe hi~h ~:essu:e sodium discharge l=~?S of

r..a:.-.?S a: e
~~3 :...:, a lighting desig n output of not less than 45000
·...~i:h
re-s~=i~e time is to be not more than one
minute. rhe lamp ~s to reac h full br illiance within five
~inut es. Lumen outp u t ~eyond 2303 hours ope ration is not
t. a decrease by more tilan 2'5 ?et:" HHJ0. hours 09e::atio<t.

e. 3allast and contt:" ol gear are to be com Ja tible with the

?Ower sup~ly at the 9lace of installation.

~. T~e lamp
to be mounted in a single body or heavy duty
1s
c~n s cr uct ion,
of a material which is cor~osion resistant to
elements ~resent at the place or instal l ation.

g. The refl ecto~ is to give an asymmetric bea~.

h. The bodv is to fully protect the 09tical and e!ec~:ical

syste~s fro~ outside elements.

i. Th e l uminaire is t o be suit ably earthed.

j. Each lamp is to be 9rotected by a fuse to the

2a nuf accur er' s recommend ed rating.

k. The sys tem is to have robu st fittings, and oo~er is to be

SU? ?li ed to the mounting 90le by ar~ored cable s l;id
u nd~:;r ou ~d and rising within mas ts.

The jallast must :el~~j lv sta::t t he l amo_ 1n a mjie~t

:a~p e:at~ res do~n ta ----
-s-c.
-1 • Calculac:on of the 2umber of lamps required is to b e based on
t::e : ~::::~ :a a:~~ ( ~ ) x r-?C!:.:::-2 ·~ il:;.;:ni:12nce (lux) x = t~t2.l
l.::.:T.p ~~;nens.

~ac h co l~~n is t o be on a>1 f:: om the ;;;a:>1,

a~d a~:=~~ate :a~9s are t o be r~r. on se~ a~ate circ~its.

6. In large open areas in excess oE l~3m 2 lights are t o ~e

~ou~t~d in clusters.

7. s~itc~ing i s to be in accordanc2 with paragraph l o. a~ o~e .

~- ~a~~ ~~~ite= G:5c3~C2S c~e ~ Q= ~~ ex~ eed ~a nufac :u: : =' 5

s;e~~~~2d maxl~u~.

SSD 13: ....., ,---

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9. 7~e sele c ~ion o: ~ou~ting height wi ll depend on the area of the

gr o und r equiring illu~ination and the l ocal en viror.mencal
conditions, and i s to be d et er~ ine d by cons ultati on between the
ow n er ' s represencative ar.d the security and s afety s urv e y or s .

SSe> LJ: ? .;GC: 5 OF l'3

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l .. Whe n ass essing t he Lighti~g ~2~~ ice ~e nts f or pe:imete= fenc in g

the follo~ i~ s dive : si ty fac:or is to be used:

a. Maxisc~ to m1n 1~ um 5 l

b. ~verage to mi nimum 2 l

2. A comput e c pl ot 1 s to b e ? rovi c ec sho~ing grid result s f or a~y

p arti cu lar area of gr o u~d alone the ?e~imete~ fence. T he g~ id
size will normallv b e based o n a g:id of 1 0m s quare. This plot
will p rovid e an a~curate check o~ the uniformity of lig ht
provided.

To en s ~re a ccmmon gro und ~e:le ct ance it i s reccmmended t hat a

ta::::nac b as e ·..;i th a : e fle c ta:-:.c e c:: G.l tle u sed ·.

~ . ~~ as t s fo!: ~e~ir:-teter
l ig hti ns_ a r: to be of alumir!um co ns truc t ion
~ ut pr ec3 ~t io ns are
t o b e : a ~ e n to pr otect the mast s from gr o c~d
3al~s. This c an b e achi2v ed ~y pai~ting of the masts base with
a proprieta=y bitu~en solution.

5. The angle o f peak int ensity of the lamo will be 93° fr om the
C. own warc vertica'l (DV).

6. _;re3 Li c ~::r.o. When assessi~g t~e li gh~ in g requirem e nt s fo r

area f:Jc d :~;h~ing t he d iv e: 3 i=y ::3-c~or !.S to be t h e same a s
outli~eci i~ paragraph 1 ab ov e.

7. A computer plot is to b e p r ovic e ~ showing grid results as

J u: ! i~ e d s ~ ?a:as:e~h 2 a ~~ve.

3. Gro~~c : e:~e c~ance fo~ area : ~s ~~ l i~ h :ing is ~o be bcsed en

Eis~r es o ~ ~l: n ed at ?a r ag r a9 ~ 3 =~ o ve .

3. ~as :s a=~ c~ je as p e: 9arac;:a~ ~ ~ a~o~e exce?t ~~ a : i~ is

:eccmme~cec t~at 15 - 32m raisi ~; -lowerin g mas~s be u s ed.
S?eciE ic a:ions are t o ~e as :~l:o~s:

a. The ~as ~s shall be conti~~c~slv t apered of ?o l ysc n al cr o ss

b. ~he ~25:3 shal ~ ~e C.esL;~e~ --~ 3~ ass~med ~cXl~~~ r e 3ctio~

a r :s :~ ; E: J ~ tje maxi~~~ 3 32co nd g ust S?ee~ li~e iy to be
exce e ded on t~e a~e:age o: =~ly o nc e in 50 y ear s meas ured
a t a h e ic;nt oE 13 met e r s a:::2·.:e ;: oc. ~ c level (sraded).

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'- . The design s~all be such that wind excited oscillation

shal~ be dam9ed as much as ~ossible and an adequa~e
allowance shall be made for the stress due to the se
osc~~lat:ons . The method of dam?ing shall be stated. The
f~li calcula~ions oE the force involved shall ~e provided
by the ~anufacturer .

d. The masts shall be constructed from mild steel plates c~ t

and folded to for~ a ?olygonal section, telescopic and
fillet welced.

e. A door O?eni~g shall be provided 1n the base oE the mast

of adequate dimensions to permit clear access to the
equi?me~t contained therein complete wi th a close fitting
vandal resistant door :itted with a heavy duty minimum
Eive lever o~ equivalent security dead lock.

The base flange shall be free from l am inati o ns and the

welded connect ion to b~ mast shall fully develop the
stre~gth of the sectlor.. In addition, sup?lementary
gussets shall be 2rovided between bolt holes.

g. The mas t shall be delivered to the site in sections and

joined on site. Detailed instructions shall be ?r ov ided
rela~ing t o site assembly. Bolted or welded con~ections
a re not ?er~itted.

::o~:-1caticns . ~o~d
do wn bolts shall be SU??lied comple:e with
3nc~or ?ia~e
in:o ~oundati on . ~c:
They shall be cas:i~s
guaranteed perfor~ance medium tensile bolts. A precision made
s~e~l te~p~3t~ wi~~ ~~bed ho~es to ensur: cor=:c~ ver~icat and
horizontal bolt alignment shall be provided.

' 1 C et ai~s o= ~~e =einforced conc=ete soread foundation based c~

:~e soil ~:essure a ~ site s~all be provided as also ~i~ l design
~:ou~d level ~oNen~s and reactions.

12. The enti re mas~ sh all be hot di~ galva nized internally and
exte:nally.

13. ~xte:~ally t~e ~as~ shal lbe shot blasted to clean white metal.
~~e sur:ace s~a~l
immediately be metal S?rayed wi: h t~en
- ·- · - ··--
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e==~ ?C~~es ~~::~~ed jy one coat of ?henolic =i~ c c~:~ma= e

~=:~er a~d o~e c~ac of ?he;.clic micaceous iro~ oxi ce ?ai~~ - ~
secor.c coa: o: micaceous 1r~n oxide

SS:J 13: ? .:J..G~ 7 Cc ~J

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I~~er nal~~ t~e ~ss t shall be coated w i t~ heavy duty

bit~minous ?ai~t .

l4. Mec;,anical. =or :.::sc=.l.~~tion and main tenance pur~oses it shall

be ?OSSljl.e to ra15 e o: lower t~e Lante r~ c3rri3se using a
wine~ i~ the base o: ~~= ~as: . The steel wire rope su?portir.g
c~e Lante~n carr:age s~all be in tension at all ti~es.

15 . The ?Ulleys s~all =e

cf la~se diameter apprc9riate to the multi
core flexible cabl e being used. They sha ll be of non
corrodijle ma terial and shal l run on sel f lub~icating beari~gs
wit~ stainle ss s~eel axles . Arrangements shall be provided to
ensure t~at the elect:ic cables and steel wire rop es are
separated before o3ss ina over their resoective pulleys a n d
cl;se fitting gui~es sh~ll protect the pulleys to prevent ropes
and cables leaving t~e pulley grooves .

16 . The pulleys sha l l be housed in a chassis integral with a slee'le

whic~ slips ove r t~ e too of the mast and is secured axially and
i n azimuch .

17 . Guides and stops shall ~e provid e d for docki~g t he lantern and

carriage and an anc~or point shall be securely welded to the
assembly to receive the safety maintenance equipment . The
complece c~assis aSS2..'01.;:,.!.y shall be hot dip galvanized after
fabrication .

19. ~he pulley asse~;:,:y s~all be protec~ed by a galvanized steel or

o t~e: a?proved wea;::~e:?:=o~ cover.

~9 . Winches. Winches s~all be completely self s ustaining with out

the need for brakes o: c lutches whi ch require adjustment or

r3tio s ~al l be a;: le:s~ ~J t o l. ~he ~in c~es sha ll be self

l ujricat:ng av ~=~~5 c: 2 ~ oil bat~ and only t~e lubricant
r ecommended ~v t~ e s~=~~:2 = is t o be used.

2g . Ter~inacion of t:.~2 w~ ~c~ ro9es shall noc inv olve dis~ortion or

t wi stins of the r ~== 5t:~ct~re. At le as t four turns of rope
shal l r~~ain on t~e ~=~~ ~~en t~e lantern carr i age i s fully
lower e d . T~e wine~ s~a :: j e designed to be installed or
r e~oved through the ~o=: O?ening. Wi~ch drums shall be grooved

2l. . A tes: c 2 ::~::c:::.2 ~;; ·.:e..: ·::y an ~nce?endent goverr:r;le n t tesc

house sh a ~l ~e s~::=::~~ ~~=-~each wi~c~ . ·

SSD 13: ?AGC: 3 O'E' 13

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2: . The capacity a~d 0?2t3Cl~S S?eed of the winch shall be clearly
ma : ~ed o n each w:nch on an indeli~le label together with the
s?ecific3~ion oE the rec 8m~e nded l~brica nt .

2J. The wi~c~ shal: be capa~le oE ope:atioo by hand o r by means oE

a power ~ oo l. T~e driving spindle shall be positively loc~ed
~hen net i~ use by automatic means.

24. Each wi~c~ shall be sup?lied with a fitted canvas cover .

25 . steol ~ire ~ooe. Steel wire ropes shall be flexible stainless

steel of 7/19 c8nstr~ction. Thimbles and ter~inals shall be of
com patibl e ma terial. Ropes with heme c ores will not ~e
pe r:ni t ted.

') r
-0.
Winch Orivino Tools . The power tool shall be a multi speed
rev erslole t8ol :ncor?o rating a torque limiting device whi ch
can je readily acij~sted and loc~ed. A remote control swit ch
shall be inc8roorated to all8w the eacioment t o be ooerated
f:om a distanc~ of five meiers . Arr~ng~ments shall be provided
to su?por~ the power tool accurately and securely dur ing
o ~e!:ati on .

27 . Hand:es shall be ~rovided for hand operat i~ g the winches and

they shall inco rporate a torque limiter whi c~ can be readily
adjusted ar.d locked.

29 . ~an~e:n Ca::iaces. ~he la~ter~ car riage shall be of durable

s teei c~n s ~:~c~i o n ~i~~ed ~it~ lante rn a~d lame cear fixincs
and distribution box mounting plates . It shall incoroorat~
arranse~e~ts to pr~vent damage to t~e paint system of-the mast
and such arrangeillents should not require r olle r s or other

29 . ~ f!exi~le
supp ly cable shall be
~r8v:~ed :e:~1~a:ing 1n t~e ~ase compart~ent with a si x ?in
;e:~~ ~~ sec ?l~~ a~ d scc~et coupler fitted with a guard ring
an~ ac t~e ~as~ neac cor. n ec~ ea ~o a He a~her?roof jun c:io ~ jox
on the lante rn ring con taining terminal blocks and e quip ped
with s~~ta~~e nylon glands . The equi~ment shall be suitably
r aLeC :c: ~~c ~es~~:ed du~y.

~:-: ex : e:-:s::~ l~ac

~u lti cor e cab~e e~~al
of
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a piug and soc~et shatl
:~ e !a~:er~s ~o be t est ed Hh e n in the lowered
~c s ~ ::. : ·: :-: ·.: s ~ :;s che base cs~?a=~~ent socket sup?ly .

SSD 13: ?.\G2 9 0!: UJ

S.S:J . lJ

A l=~~ diamete~ stainless steel stud shall

be to the mast s~ructure ac a canvenien~ ?Oint withi~
attac~ed
t~e base c8mpar~~ent to 2rovide a lightning and cable
grounding ~oint.

32. Mainte~ance Cace. A mai~tenance cage - shall be of sufficient

s1ze to a ccam~odate t~o men together with any maintenance
equi?ment and shall comply where relevant with the necessar y
Const::uctional (Lifting Oper-a tions) ReguL~tions in forc e . A
permanently fixed label shall state the safe working load and a
te st certificate shall be 2rovided. Arrangements shall be
provided to prevent damage to t he ~ rotec t ive systems of the
ma st during raising and l ower-ing. The cage shall be hot di?
galvanized after manufacture .

J3. A safety device which will sup9ort the loaded maintenance case
in the event of a failure of t he hoist ropes or any part a : the
hoistins gear shall be incorpor ated. The suspension ropes
shall h av e a safety factor a: not less than ten when the cage
is being used.

SSD lJ:
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SSJ-14, CH~C~ ? O I~T LIGHTIN G

l. Chec~ ?Oi~~ lis~ti~g is desi g ned to highlight all vehicles and

~ ersonnel who resuire acces s to the instalia:ion. Lighting
lev e ls a: check ?O in: s will, t~erefo r e , be as high as possible
t~ fa c ilitate c~ecking oE ?e : sonne l and docu~ents. ~t check
?Oint s t~e following standa~ds will be foll o wed:

a. Lighting will be suf~icient to allow people, vehicles goods

a nd documents to be c~ecked thoroughly.

b. local floodlighting is t o be installed to light up truc ks

and vans to ensure prope~ sea r ch .

c. ~ light is t o be in s tall e d und er the canopy of the Gate

Hous e to facilitat e the chec king of drivers, of occupa n ts
of vehic le s and their documents.

c. The whole area of the vehicle lock, i.e. from the ent~ance
ga t e to the end of th~ inner a ~ of the perimeter fence, is
t o be l i t to a minim~~ level of sa lux.

e. ~h e li ght ing in th e Gate Hc~se is to be shielded and

s ubd u e d by using di~mers.

2. A drawing showing the t ypica l layout of a check point and

vehicle l o ck is available f:c~ the Secretariat.

3. ~here ~esh s~!elds are ?r ov i~ed , they are t o b e stored in ~ ~e

main Secu:ity 3uilcing for u se only i n a emergency. (See also
SSD-1 7) .

SS:::> 14: ?.:l.. C C: l Oi: l

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SSD -l S, IN7~ UD S~ D~7~CTION S":'ST!::~S

a. ~Efec~ively cove~ the are3 and be ~ighly resistant to

t.=m?er i;;g _

~- 3e acce?~~bly f=ee froQ u;;~anted (false) alar~s.

c. 3e "fa~l safe" ill that Eail11re of any ~art of the syste:il,

whether accicently or celi~erately induced, ~ust cause the
ala r~ to O?era te.

c. Continue to o~erate when any :ilains power it uses fails or

is disconnec:ed. Battery star.dby is to be us ed to meet
~~is requir e :ilent and bat:ery indication is necessary.

e. The alarm illdicator to be bot~ audio and visual wit~ a

facility to accept and s~itch off the ·audio but leave the
visual on ~~e console.

r: • '•ihere t:,e syste..:-:1 covers several zones of protection eac~

::o:.e is to h a •; e i t s o ,.,.. i1 visual sigllal but a common audio
signal is accepta~le.

g. 7~e ala~ co;;sole to be incor?orated in t~ e system so t~at

i~t~~: e re~c e :~ ~~e alar~ c8r.s~le causes as ala=~ stat:.

?~e a~~=~ c a ;;~~:e

to be ~ou~ted ill a 2er~anent~y ma~ned
locati o n,
for preference the security building with
al~ernati~e arrangements 1n e.g. Main Co ntrol aocm.

?~Q~ec~ion o: ~~e syste~ 1s to be effected by using a fully

~o~itor2d ci = ~~: t.

J- C~cles and wiri:.g carryillS ala~ circuits are to be

;:~vided ~~:~ ;~ad ?hysi~~l ?rotection. W~ere ~i=i~s ru~s
~ithin buildings this is to be achieved by using steel
conduit o~ mineral i~sulated copper c3bles.

2. ~~e sel2c~ion of a~ Intr~der Detec~ion System is a S?eci a liz ed

S3J o::
SSD .. l6 . ..... .. ~_)I

1~ .08/0.~/4 3 ... t-;l:JI

SSD -1 6 , AUTOMATIC C O NT~OL OF ENT~Y (ACE) SYSTEMS

1. It is emphasized at the outse t that at the pc esent tim e n o ACE

system o n its own is capa ble o f:

a- Pr ovi ding security agai nst surre pt itious attach(or f o r cib le

attack. Approved se c urity l oc ks sho uld ther efo re be used
whenever the system is not under supervision .

Replacing human guard systems . The use of the system ma y

make it possible to reduc e the number of guards on co ntrol
of ac ce ss dut i es .

2. Because ACE systems are not proof ag a inst surre ptitious attack
they depend to a d~gree of super v ision either by a guard or a
mem ~e r of the st aff.

3. Th e selection of an ACE system is a specialized matter . The

advice o f the Secretariat should be sought at an eacly stage if
the installation o f an ACE•system is p~ojected.

4. Basi c requirements for an ACE system are:

a. Acceptable to all users .

b. ?:oof ag a inst forgery of key cards, tamper i~g and

Ci\anipulation .

c. Suppl ied with overriding facilities for use 1n the event of

an e:n~:rgency.

d. Supplied with an alacm f a cility t ha t activates when a wrong

card is inserted, or wrong key combina ti on is selected .

e. Des i gn e d ~o be used in c o njunction with a n IDS system .

f. Fitted with security l o cks for use ou tside of wo rking

h ou rs.

g. Designed so th a t the operation of the push button cannoc be

ove rl ooked .

h. "Fail Safe ."

1. Provided with s tand by po wer source wit h automatic c ut in.

SSD 16: PAGE l OF ·2

... SSD .. l6 .. ... ... ~_)I

.. 14 0 8/0..4/~U ... (.Jl:JI

j. Ca~oble of preventing repeated entry except whe~e an e~t:y

is fo l lowed by an exit.

k. So designed that the card key or push button codes can be

changed quickly and eas il y .

1. Ca?able of restr i cting access t o one person at a time .

/
SSD 16 : PAGE 2 OF 2

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SSu 17 ... ~~jl

14 _0 S/ ?. 4 (~ 3 . . C:Jl:)l

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. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . C:. ~

SSu-17, GATE HOUSS AND VEHICLE LOCK

1. Where a gate house is constructed it is to conform to the

S?ecificati o ns as under. Under no circumstances are gate houses
to be constructed or sited without prior reference to th e
Secretari::!t.

2. Gate hou s es are to be sited so as to completely control all

vehicular and pedestrian traffic unless specified to the
contrary ~y t~e Sec:etariat.

3. The fe ~ ce for the vehicle lock associated with the gate house is
to meet the same standards as that for the r e mainder of the
perimeter fence.

4. Secu~ity lighting for the gate house and vehicle lock is to

confer~ ~ith that specified in SSD - 13 and SSQ - 14.

5. Gate house construction is to be as follows :

a. 3ase . The gate house is to be mounted on a base raised a

minl~um 500mm above the road surface .

b. Lower Section. The lower sections to be constructed of

concrete, minimum thickness l~~mrn, to be vertical height of
1~ above the raised surface of the bas e .

c. ~~ndows. Windows are to be of heavy tint glass, tilted at

a~ angle of 47 degrees from the vertical , to a height of lm
above the concrete sill . Windows a re to completely
surround the building thus giving al l round visio n .

d. Mesh . A shield is to be constructed of white painted wire

mesh •..Jelded to a stout metal frame . This frame to fit
exactly the dimensions of the i ndividual windows and is to
be secured to the fabric of the building by lugs and
?adl oc ~s . (See attached drawing).

e. Roof . The roof of the gate house is to be constructed of

lightweight nonflammable materials meeting the requirements
of NFPA 220 - 1977 or better.

f. Doors. There is to be only one door in the gate house

si~uated at the site end of the building. It is to be
out~ard opening , fitted with a sing l e sided lock with the

SSi) 17: PA.G::: 1 OF 2

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key~ a y on the inside and to have a sent~y vie~er i~ the

doo r. A bulk head light of ~i~i~um 6Gw is to be ~ounted
outside the door .

g. External Lights. There 1s to be a minimum of two

.:loodlights mounted on the leading edges of the gate house,
one either side, to illuminate the are a and to highlight
vehicles and foot traffic ente ring the vehicle lock. The
lights are to provide a minimum SJ lux. (See also SSD -l4 G.

h. Communi cati ons. The gate house is to be provided with

telephone communica tio ns from the PABX and also a di rect
line to the security b uil din g o r main control room. Where
radi o is installed the gate house is to be pr ovid ed with a
set for normal security channel usage.

1. Barriers. Two el e ctrically operated barriers are to be

installed on each side of the gate house t o contr o l
v e hicular traffic . Additi on ally, the barriers are to be
fitted ~ith manual overdrive to allow them to be ope ra ted
in th e eve nt of a loss of power. To fu=ther control
ve hicu lar traffic and reduce the risk of co lli sion of
vehicles with the barrier, the 1n side of the veh ic le lock
1s to be provided with a minimum three rumble strips laid
at not more th an lm centers.

J. Ir.te r~ al Lighting. The inte,ior of the g ate house is to be

fitted with dimrr.ed lighting shielded from vie~ as per the
attached drawing. Ceilings and wal ls are to be painted
with s~bdued colors.

k. Check ?oints. There are to be two windows designated as

check poin ts, one each side of th e building . These windows
a re to be designed so as to prevent unauthorized access
from the outsid e. The lower l/3 of th e window is to be
fitted with a sliding section sufficient to allo~ the
pas sage of documents anq passes for scrutiny by the guard
on duty inside the gate house.

6. Where there is a requirement t o install alarm con s oles , security

lig hting switc hes or other control r oom dev i ces ir. the gate
house as op?osed to the security building, then the Secretar iat
m~st be consulted befor e any planning decision is t aken .

SSD 17: P.l\G2 2 OF 2

SSD . . l8 .. .. .

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SS D-18, FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT

l. This specification covers the general requirements for the

design, construction, material selection and the testing of fire
e:lgh.ting equipment for petroteurri reffner'i"e_s_ and related off site
-- fa C: i l-1'E'r-es-:----· -·-

2. The following National Fire Codes will be refe : red to and used
as a minimum guide when ordering, building, installing,
maintaining and/or altering fire equi~ment and appliance.

a. NFPA 1 Fire Prevention Code v, ....--·

1:

b. NF PA. 10 Portable fire extinguishers\/ I

c. NF?A ll Foam ex~inguishing sys~ems ~

1
d. NFPA lL\ High expansion foam syste:-as t-'

e. NF I? .:X 113 Synthetic·foam systems v i

-:: .
. • I
NFP.o\ l2A Halon 1301 systems VI

g. NF P.l\ 129 Halon 1211 systems VI

h. NF ?.:'\ 13 Standards for the installation of sprinkler

systems, including appendices v

i. NFPA 13A Sprinkler system - rna i ntenance V! J.

j . NF?A 14 S tan d p i p e and h o s e s y s ~ems V "--·

:'(. NFP!\ 15 Water spray fixed systemsv''2..-

l. NF ?.i\ 16 Foam-water sprinkler and spray sys terns '. ?-

m. NFPA 19B Respiratory ·protective equipment for firevl-

fighters

n. NFPA 20 Centrifugal fire pumps "·l~

0. NF ?.~ 22 1-iater tanks

p. NF?A 24 Outside protection ~L

q. Nf?A 3~ Flammable and combustible liquids code

SSD 18: PAGE 1 OF 2

67
. .sso .. l8 ... .... .. ~.)1

1~ 08/04/0 J ... [:JL::.JI

0 I
.. .. t:t r '
-H

r . NF l?A 58 Liquefied petroleu~ gases , st o rage and handli n g ~~

s. NF ?.'\ 59 A Liquefied nat ural gas , storag e and handl in g ~~

t. NFPA 68 Expl osio n venting guide •I, · :_....

u. L'lF?A 78 Lig hting protect i on c ode

v. NFPA 194 Fire hose co nn ection s ''

w. Nf P.i\ 196 Fire Hos e J .;. •

X • Nf!? A 214 Water c ooling towers

y. NF ?.!\ 231 Ge neral storage

z. NFPA 23lC Rack storage of mate rial s ~ ~

aa. NF P.i\ 291 Fire hy d r~n~ s ~ n iform markings

b b. NF Pi\ 30 7 Marine term inal o perations ·.. ,.

cc . NFPA 321 Classif i c atio n of flammable liqu i ds :J 3-

dd . NFPA 328 Manhol e s and s e we rs, fl ammable and c omb ustible

liqu ids and gases . .. _

ee. N::'?A 329 Undergroun d leakage of fla~~able and

comb u s ~ i b 1 e l i quid s ., , 1 "?
" ~
ff. NFPA 385 Tank vehicl es f o r fl amrn a~ le and combustibl e
1i q u i d s ,J. :.

gg . NF PA. 19~1 Autom o tive fire apparatus V /·'

hh . NF?A 19 ~4 Aer ial Ladd e rs & El ev ating Platforms /

3. Roads su r roundi ng the a r ea a~ risk will be graded to fully

withstand the maxim um we i gh t ·Of fire f ighting ve hi c les and
asso c iate d out r i gge rs

4. Compa~ibi lit y of equi?ments must be maintained w~en ?Urchasing

new , o r mod ifying existing equi pmen ts.

SS D 1 8 : PAGC: 2 OF 2
 - 'I
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SSD-19, WOR K PERMIT PROCEDURSS

l. The f0llowing work pe rmits only are authoriz ed :

a. COLO \·lORK

b. HOT ',-iQ RK

c. ENTRY

for l ay out see S?ecimens attached.

2. Under no circumstances will an ENTRY permit be i ssued unless

a ccomp anied b y a HO T o r COLD wor k permit.

3. Work ~er~its will clearly delineate the r esponsibilities of

signatories.

4. Wo rk permits will only be valid f o r the during of one shift

o n ly. NOT E: ;.. list of std.(f authorized to issue per:nits will
b e maintained and strictly observed by all personnel.

5. It is es se ntial th a t all personnel authoriz ed to issue permits

are fully trained within t~eir field of operat ions.

sso 19: PAGE l 0::- 4

. ----- ------ -
--......;=..;;;;;;;:::::;;;;:::;=:=:::::;.;;;.::==:.::==-
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)
.SSD .. 19 . . .. ...... ;J_)I

.. . 14 () 8/ tJ .4/0 J. t.J t;JI

COLD WOR~ PE~MIT

DATE: I I S2RL\L NO : _ _ __
1. Locat ion of Work Si te:
Work to be Carri ed O u t - = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Equipment/Vehicle to be used:
2. :\ s soc i at ed Perm i t s : ----------------------
2ntry Permit No: Elect~ical Perm it No: Key No:
3. Isolation: Equi?ment to be Isolated By:-
----
a. Valve Cl osure: ------------
c . Line Removal: ______
b . Blank /S~ades : d. Electrically:
--~---------------
4. Cond it ions of Work: (Delete as neces sary )
a. Inform Area Supe~visor before work commences .
b. Condit ions of work to be appr oved by Area Super intend ent .
c. Atea/Equipment _to be cleared of combustible materia ls.
d. Gas concentration to be continuously monitored.
e. Scaffolding required.
~. Safe means o f access required.
g. Roads to be closed.
h. Sa fety Ins?ector to Stanp by.
\ 1. Firema n to Standby. ·
j. List additional items :
5. Gas test required: Yes/N o 2req~ency: Every Ho~r or less
a. Flammable. Result Ti~e S i gna tur-e---
b. Toxic. Result Time ---------------
Signature
6. I have ~ers onall y checxed the above s ite and conditions.
?er~ission is granted for Cold Wo rk to commence.
Time from: To: Date: I I
Signature: A~ea Authorit y.
7. Safety oepar~~ent has been consulted and agree with the above
. conditions. Further rec ommendations:
Signa tu re: Safety Inspector.
S. I u~cersta~c the co1.ditions and only work pe~itted will be
attempted. All canditions will be observ ed.
Signa ture: Person in Charge of Work.
9. Work Completed.
Time: Date: I I
- ----
S ignatur;::: ~e rson in Charge of Work .
--~----------------
lg. Work Acce~ted.
Time : -,----- -
Signature:
I __ I
Date: _...:..._____.:
Area Authority.
--------------------
Qi3trij~tior.: 0risi~2l - Pe rson !n C ha~ge o~ Work.
lst Copy - Area Authority
2~d Co?y - Safety De?artment
3rd Copy - Stay s in Book

sso 19 : PAGC: 2 OF 4

7o
 SSD 19
) ~_)I

1408/04/03 ~~{:~JJ~§U'
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.. . ~ ..... . .. ......... tt I~~
HOT WORK PERi'!I T
DATE: I I S ER I.:-.. L NO:
-----
1. Location of Wor~ Site:
Work to be Carried Out_:__________________________
Equipment/Vehicl e to be used:
2• A s soc i a ted P e r mi t s : --------------- - ---------------
----~~-~~-~---~-------------------
Ent~y Permi t No. Electrical Permit No :
Othe r Permit No. Key No:
J. Isolation: Equipment to be Isolated by:
-~--------------
a. Valve closure c. Li ne Remo v al
b . Bl a nks / Spad es d. Electrica lly
4. Condition s of Work: (Delete as n e cessary)
a. Inform Area Supervisor before work commences.
b. Area Supe rvi so r to be on site when work c ommences.
c. Condition s to be approved by Area Superintendent.
d. A: ea/Equipmen t to be cleared of combustible materials.
e. Gas co ncentration to be continuously monitored.
f. Fire extinguishers to be sited state ty~e.
g. Scaffolding required.
h. Safe means of accQss required.
1. Safety Ins?ector to standby.
J. Fireman t o standby .
k. List additional items:
5. Gas test required: Yes / No Freque ncy: Every Hour or less
a. Flammable. Result: Ti me: Signatur e :
b. Toxic ·. Result: Tir.1e: Sig:lature: __________
6. I have personally chec ~ ed the above site and condi~ions .
?er~ission is ~ranted fo: hOt Wor~ to comr.1ence.
Time fr om: To : Date: I I
Signature: Area Authority.
7. Safety De9artrnent has been consulted and agree with the above
cor.ditions. 2urthe: recowmer.dations:
Signature: Safety Inspector.
8. I understand the conditions and only work permitted will be
attem?ted. All conditions will be observed.
Signature: Person in Charge of Work.
a
"" . ~·iork Completed.
----~------------------

Time:
Signature:
Date: I I
_..,:___ __
..;..._

Person in Charge of Work.

-~----------------------------
l~. Work Accepted.
Time: Date: I I
Sign.=.t i.l r e : Area .;uthor i ty
----------------------------------
Dist.:ibution: Original - Person i n Char~e of Work
lst. Copy - Area Authority
2nd. Copy Safety Department
3rd. Copy Stays in Book

SSD 19: PAGC: 3 OF 4

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I -\1

ENTRY
DAT 2: S~~IAL NO: ________
1. Loca ti o n of Wo r k S i te:
Work to be Carried Cu t:
Equipment/Vehicles to be us e d :
2. ?. ss oc iated Permits:
Hot Work Permit No : El ectrica l Isolation Permit ~o: -----
Cold Work Permi t No : Key No:
3. I s ol a ti on : S q u i~ment to be isolated by:
Blanks S9ades Line Removal Electrical
4. Cond i t ions of Wo rk: (del~as necessary)
a. Infor m Area Superv is o r before Entry and/or Re - entry.
b. Conditions o f entry to be app~oved by Area superintendent .
c. Ar e a /equipme nt to b e cleared of combustible materials .
d. Ga s conce ntr a ti o n to b e continuously monit or ed .
e. Vesse l /Are a t o be gas free - Flammable Gas - Tox i c Gas ,
State ty p e: , Oxygen d efi c i ency .
Note: Oxygen c onten t to be more t h an 29% before entry is
made wi thou t breathing a?~a~atus.
f. P rot ec~ iv e clo thin g/eq uipme nt required:
- Air s uppli ed bre athing apparatus .
-Li f eline Harness. , -PVC Overa ll sui t.
- Add itiona l equipment:
g. Safety Inspe c to r standby.
h. F ireman to stand~y.
J Gas Test Requi r ed: Yes/No ___Frequency: Every
. Hour or less
Before Re - entry: Yes/~o
a. Flaii1;-;1able gas re~ding Time ___ Signa tt;re _ ________
b. Toxic ga s reading Time Signature
c. Oxygen conte nt Time Signa tur e
6. I have personally checked the above-site and condit ions .
? ers iss ion is sran~ed for en try:
Time fror.~: To: Da t e : I I
Signature: Area Au thorit y.
7. Safety DeparL~ent has been c onsult ed and agreed wit h t he a bove
co nd iti o n s . Further recommendations:
Signature Safe ty Insp ecto r.
8. I understand the c o nditions and o nly work permitted will be
attem p t ed . All c onditions will be observed .
S ignat ~re : Person in Charge o f Wo rk.
9. Work Completed .
Ti;-;1e ; Date : I I
S ignatu~ e : Person 1n Char~e of Work .
10 . Work Accepted.
Tim e : Date: I I
Signature: Area Au t h or ity.

SSD 19: PAG2 4 OF 4

·-- -~ -- =~~~~~~~==~~~-~-~--~-~--~-==~==~============~===--
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............. ,__.- .......q
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SS0-20: EX~ANDED STEEL MESH - DI~ENSTONS

Mesh S1ze % of Open .:'\rea S1ze o f Strand We1gh~

S\·l (mm) LW (mm) Nor Max Width Thick Kg/m

l2.7'J 30.48 77 81 l. 19 l. 20 l. 90

12.70 30.48 77 83 l. 63 0.95 2.05

12.70 30.48 68 78 2.06 l. 20 3 . :3 2

12.70 30.48 62 76 2.36 1. 20 3.81

:!.2.70 3 0. 4 8 67 75 l. 98 l. 58 4.2 0

l2. 7 '3 30.48 59 71 2.36 1.5~ 4.98

12.70 38.10 73 86 2.31 l. 2'3 2.59

12.70 38.1\3 74 83 2. Jl l. 58 3. 3 7

12.70 38. Hl 62 76 3. HJ l. 58 4.54

~~ o te : This matrix to be read in conjunction •..ti th the

specifications outlined in SSD-Hf.

SSD 2\3: PrlGE l 0~ l

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SS~ -21, TH~ PROTECTION OF DI S SE L ENG:NES FITTSD
TO ST~TIONARY A~D MOBILE ~QUI?MSNT OPERATING IN HAZARDOUS AREAS

l. All diesel engi nes , n e~ or existing, mobile or fixed must c o mp ly

with the following s9ecific standards when b ein g ooer ated 1n
hazardous areas. (Division/Zone l & 2 Areas).

2. The following measures will be carri e d out by the manufacturer

before new diesel engin es are brought into operation inside
hazardous areas.

a. All ext e rn a l metallic parts, e.g. fan blades wn1cn mav

cause sparking by co nt ac t with other p a rt s , ei ther when
running no rmall y or when malfuncti oni n g, a r e to be
ma n ufactur ed f rom non-s9arking materials.

b. All driving belts are to be manu fact ur e d fr om a nti static

materials.

c. The e~gine may not be started by a ba ttery powered electric

starter motor. Air, inertia, spring or mains powered
electric flame proof motor starters ar e to be used.

d. An approved type of spark arrestor i s to be fitted

downstream of the exhaust manifold.

No te ( l) The a??rov ed sp3rk ar r es t o r may either be of t he dry

cyclone type, the baffle t ype o r the water ba th gas
conditioner bo x t ype.

!'Jote (2) If a gas conditi one r box 1s fitted i t is to be constructed

of non -c orroding materials and suitably baffled to prevent
water carry-over, with t h e exhaust g as and ensu re th o rough
mixing of ga s a n d water. In addition, i t i s to be pro vi d ed
with a wa ter sto ra ge tank and device s to maintain the water
in the box at the cor rect level and so und a audible alarm
or automatically stop the engine if the water falls below
the level.

e . Approved type of flame traps are to fitted to the intake,

downstream of the air filter (See Note 3 below). Flame
traps are t o b e man ufa c tcrec fr o m n on - co rr od ing ~aterials
and are t o be capable of easy dismantling for cleaning and
ins p ecti on ?urposes.

f. The surface tempe5ature of any part of a diese~ engine is

not to ex c eed 25G C in maximum l o ad conditions.

S SD 21: PAGE l Of 3
.. .sso .. 21 . .. .. . . . ~.)I

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g. An approved device shall be fitted into t h e air intake
which will automatically close the air inlet and stop the
engine if it exc e eds its normal governed speed. The
closing of the air inlet must be sufficiently tight to stop
the engine whether running on normal fuel or on induced
flammable vapors. Additionally, a manual cl o sing system is
to be pr o vided. In cases wh ere the engine is t o be
incoroorated in mobile equipment, this manual control is to
be op~rated from the driver's cabin .

h. The fuel pump and cam shall b e so designed that reverse

running of the engine is not possible.

! . T h e length of the flame path through or across any joint in

the air intak~ system is to be not less than 13 mm.

J. suitable jointing material is to be inte~posed between all

joint faces in the air intake and exhaust systems to ensure
tight joints.

k. w~ere val ve spindles pass through the walls of any

cornoonent in the induction system the dia~etrical clearance
is not to exceed 127 ~To for any axial length of 25 mm
unless e~d caps are fitted.

1. No screw, stud or bolt hole is to pass through the walls of

any co m ?one~t of the inlet system.

m. All cylinder head and crank case relief valves and

breathers are to be connected to an approved flame trap as
in (e) above .

n. Th e exhaust outlet to atmosphere is t o be arranged as high

above the g~ound level as possible.

o. All electrical equipment is to be certified by a statutory

body acceptable to the Secretariat to the High Commission
for Industrial Security~

p. Decompression Systems directly exhausting to atmosphere are

not to be provided.

q. All mobile equipment, powerec oy a die s el eng1ne and

intended for use within an Hazardous Area must be
distinctively ~arke d .

SSD 21: PAGE 2 OF 3

 SSD- 21 . ... . .... ~--,.)1
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·· ··- 1,438./~ _4/£1 3. t:-_)~1

IJ
-·· ---------·· . ... . ... t:( ·r
I -! l

3. Modifications to Sxisting Equi~me~t. fa all existing dies el

engin es and associated driven equipment nten ded for use within
Hazardous Areas, the following modificat ons are required.

a. ?rev ision of an ap~roved type of S?ark arrestor ( see d

above} .

b. Provision of a n approved type of fla~e trap (see e a8ove).

c. Incor?Oration of an approved type of overrunning shutdown

valve (see g above).

d. Check exhaust manifold and exhaust pipe surface

temperatures with Tem~le sticks (Thermocolor - Faber -
Castell) and if those are indi ca ted to above 250°C these
ccmpo ne~t s should be protect ed and insulated bv fiberglass
laggin g with aluminum or steel cladding .

e. All driving belts are to be manufactured fr om anti static

mat erial (se e 'b' above).

Note ( 3) When stationary diesel engines are in s talled so that the

air intake is in a 'Safe Area• the precautions under 2 (e)
above, so far as it concerns the air intake system and 2
(g) above co ncerning the overrunning shutd o wn device, need
not be applied.

No:e (4) Whe~e s:ation3ry diesel engines are installed so that the
exhaust gases are discharged in a 'Safe Area• the
precautions under 2 (d) above so far as they concern the
e xhaust system need not be applied.

Note (5) In general, mechanical equipment should be fitted

throughout and electrical equi?ment avoided.

Note (6) Starting of all existing diesel engines with n on-flameproof

electric starting equip~ent is to be effected only under
permit.

Note { 7) When existing equipment is modified for use in Hazard o us

Areas as in 3 above, measure s should be taken to ensure
:ha: use is n o t made of vehi cle lig h ting or auxil i a~y
e lect rical systems whil e op erating in a hazar d o ~s a~ e3 .

SSD 21: PAGE J Of J

7b
 ....S.S-D- -2 2 .. ... .. ~_)!
)
....14.08/04/03 ... [:-JL:Jl

..
l. - .• ~1~\
- - -.----- --. - -· •. 1....:.
J

SS D-22, GASOLINE FILLING ST~TIONS

CON ST RUCTED ON I NDUSTRIA L S!T~S

l. The fo ll o ~i ng locations will be c la ss ified as hazardou s and

electri ca l equipme nt in s talle d in these areas must meet the
a9propria t e s~ecification .

a. Vicinity of t he gasoline ~urn?. The space within the pump

u9 to 1 . 2 meters t r om its b ase a nd the spa ce withi n 3 .5
~ete rs extending horizontally from the pump up to 1.2
meters from its base will be c la s sified a s a Class 1,
Divisio n l location . This cl a ssification will also apply
t o a ny space b el ow the pum~ which may c o n ta in e l ec t r i c
wiring or equipment .

b. Wit hin 6 ~ et ers of the a aso line ou~o. The space, ex cluding
a ny Cl a ss 1 , Division 1 area, within 6 meters horizontally
fr om the exterior o f the pump enclosure wil l be classified
as Class 1 Division 2 loca t i o n , which wi ll extend to a
level o f 0 . 5 me t e rs ab~ve grade .

c. Vicinity of t he bulk sto rage t ank filling pipe . The spa ce,
e xcluding an y Class l , Div is i o n 1 ar ea , within 3 meters
horizontally f o rm any bul~ s t o ra g e tank filling p i pe will
be cla ssifiec as a Class l, Divisi on 2 location, which will
extend up wa r ds t o a l e v el of ~.5 meters above grace.

ci . Selow c~a2e. Electric wiring an d equipme nt, a ny po rti on of

whi c h is bel ow the surface of loca t i ons de f ined as Class 1 ,
Di visi o n l o r Divisi o n 2 in sub - paragraphs l.l, 1 . 2 , and
1 . 3 will be classifi ed as Cla ss 1 Division l l oc= t i on wh ic h
shall ex t end t o the po int of emergence abcve grade .

e. Bul~storace tank vent oioe . Th e spherical volu ~e withi n a

l.S ~ete r radius fr om the point of disc h ar ge o f an~ bulk
storase t an~ ve nt pipe will be classif i ed as a Cla ss l,
Divisi on l location .

2. Spacing Reauirements. The foll o wing requirements will be met :

a. vent ~i?es ~r om bu l~ storage tan~s shall t erminate not less

than 3 .5 ~et er above g r ad e.

b. Ve nt pipes fr o~ bulk storage tanks sha l l not be insta ll e d

wi th in JS meter s of t he security fence.

SSD 22: PAG E l OF 2

77
- --- - ---· --- - ···--·-·- ··-·-
.. SSD . . 22 .. ....... r-J.)I

. . ..l . ..... . . ........ .. .. . t;: IJ-'

-• 1

c. Gaso line filling sta ti ons shall not be l ocated ~ithin 35

meters of the plar.t s ecurity fen c e, a ny 9lant buildi ng, any
process building, and sub s tation or any office .

SSD 22 : PAG2 2 OF 2
 50cm SOcm

nr--~~r-·;-~-Gasoline pu..rnp

E
N

!• 6m

Class 1 ~~vision l location

Class l Division 2 location

SSD - 22 Ilbst<3ti.o n 1

7~
~.

'.,
 SSD- 23-- --· · · -· ~_)I

.. ... l.4.0.8/a.4;gJ. C:-JL:J'

_0_ ---··· ···

SSD-23. AUTOMATIC CONTROL 0~ S:--JTRY

l. This SSD is t o be read in conjunction with SSD-16, the

provisions of which, particularly with regard to purchase of ACE
systems and the r.eed to consult with the Secretariat, still
apply.

D~SIGN AND FUNCTION

The system must allow exit and entry to or from a prot~cted area
by means of individually coded pass-cards together with a
memo~ized personal code number.

3. Each access point of the protected area shall be control led by a

card reader. Where both entry and exit are to be controlled the
ca~d reade~ shall be mounted in close proximity to the door or
turnstile and, on approval of a card and personal code, the card
reader shall operate an electrical release mec h anism thus
allowing the card holder to pass.

4. Each card shal l contain a unique code so that l ost or stolen

cards can be blo cked out of the system by means of a Blocking
Unit. Where a single point system is in use the Blocking Unit
shall be a ten way insert fitted within the card reader. Where
a multi-point system is in use the Cent~alized Blocking Unit
shall be a 24 way insect

S. A Cor.citional Inse=t shall be used to program grou?S of ca=ds to

allow access only during certain times of the da y or on
particular cays of the weeK. The validity of a particular group
of cards shall be controlled by a contact on an external time
clock.

6. A clear text printer shall be included in the system to provide

a continuous record of ecch card holder's entry or exit together
~ith the n~mber of access points used, the time, and the date.
Attempted entries using blocXed cards shall be recorded also.

7. Where both entry and exit are controlled by card readers an

electronic memory shall be installed and readout facility added
to the system. Its main function will be to immediately
indicate:

a. whether a particular card holder is within the protected

area.

b. The prevention of one card being used to admit two or more

pe:rsons.
SSD 23: PAG2 1 OF 6

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8. The
design.
c~rc
reacer shall 1 b~self
contained of modular
It is to use R E' field t ec hnique for reading the care
un~t
data which will normall y carry at least 25 bits of information.

9. In addition to card i nformation there will be a personal code

of not less than four digits ~hich the holder of the card must
enter on the card reader keyboard .

~. The card reader unit shall contain the following items:

a. A keyboard with a minimum of nin e push buttons for

entering personal codes .

b. A slot in which th e ca rd can be in s erted and read by the

card reader

c. A system of li ghts and words identifying ac ti ons to be

taken/completed:
l) ' . r light anc the 'NO rd "COMi::"
r.<n::>e k~~
2) Green light and the '""o r d " OPEN"
3) Red light and the word "REJECT "

ll. The follcwing eq~i?ment ~ill be incl ucec in the card reader:

a. A mother board conta ining the card read e r co ntrol

circuitry, a connector stri? for all ext e rnal wiring, and
four edge connectors to accommodate the pl~g in in ser t s
that a:e to be ~sed.

b. .~ progra.umed conditional insert that e nable acceptance of

a?9rovec card g ro u?S only.
c. A sc rambling insert for personal cod es. This insert will
have a minimum f ive variations.

12. The equipment shall be designed so that it will only react to

cards that contain readable elements that a ~e part of that
sys.:-e~ .

SSD 23: PAC=: 2 OF 6

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O?ER .~TION

lJ. Th e equipment will operat e in the follow i ng mann e r:

a. On insertio n of the card th e card reader will react by

l ighting up one of the three lamps identified above.

b. On identifying th e c o de instruction the card ho ld er will

dial his personal code by means of the pu sh buttons.

c. Correct dia ling of the ~ersonal code will activate the OPEN
l a mp ~nd spring the lock open for access.

d. In the event of a misscall or of the wrong number being

di a led th e REJECT la~p will light up.

e. The door will remain open l o ng enou g h fo~ the card holder
to pass through, but the time will be limited. See below . __.
I
f. The card reader will ~e equipped with an alarm status ·
circuit to indicate locally or remo~ely:

l) The d oor has been opened by means other than a card.

2) The door ha s bee~ opened with a proper card but h as not

been closed wi thin a stipulated time. For ease of
reference this t i ~e band sho uld be not less than 5
secon ds nor more than J2 seconds.

3) Incorrect person a l codes have been entered more than

three time s .

14. The card reader shall be protected wi th a ~amper a larm which

can be connected to an independent intruder alarm s~ st em or any
other alar~ circuit in use in th e building/installation.

15. The system sha ll incorporate an additional r e lay to shunt the

intruder alarm contact when a correct card has been presented
and the correct code dialed.

16. Provision shall be mad e for inclusi on of ov e r ride switches to

be ~ses i: t~ ere is a re ~ ~iremer.~ to r e lease the door/lock from
a re~o~e point or to ope rate the release device by means of an
exit push bctton on the inside o: the co ntr o lled entrance.

SSD 23: PAGE 3 Or 6

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17 . The clear text rec o rder will be utilized to provide up to the
minute information on who goes through wh at door and when.

18 . Mains operated time switches are to be incorporated in the

system so th at certain groups of cards can be prevented frcm
entering during certain periods.

19. Where a multi-point system is in use the card readers shall be

fitted with an additional plug in transmitter insert which will
interf ace the card reeder with the commo n central equipment.

2g. For ce ntralized multi-point access systems a control

unit/scanner, to which all card read e rs are connect e d, shall be
inst a lled. Where there ar e mor e than 32 c ard readers it will
oe necessary to install tw o or more scanners in parallel.
21. ~he Scanner shall operate as an electr on ic stop selector which
will continuously scan th e output c ircuits of the card readers
and connect on e caxd reeder at a time to the common recorder
and blocking unit.

22. The b~vc~ing unit shall ~e secured against ta~pering with a

stout, r o bust steel case capable of being locked and secured at
all times except for authorized access.

23. Cl ea ~
text recor de rs will be powered frcm a 24v DC su?ply end
print at a ~ini~uw s~eed of one line per second each line
having 18 columns.

24. The printout sha~l show the ~ allow ing data:

a. Month and day.

o. Hour and minutes.

c. Door number.

d. Identity number.

25. Each printer int~:f~ce shell ~e fittec with a built in

e lectr o nic clock which aut cmc tically supplies t he recorder with
the following infoL:nation:

a. Date.

b. Hour.

SSD 23: PAGE 4 OF 6

......S.SD. . ..2 3......... ~_)I

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c. Minute.

26. The recorder shall be fitted with a push button which, when
activated, will print out the date, hour, and minute o n o ne
l ine. This will be us ed to check that th e recorder is
operational and the clock is giving correct inf ormation .

27 . Th e recor der shall be fitted with over ride circuits. The

c i rc uits shall be ca9able of by~assing the recording function
if t he record er jams or there is a mains power failure. These
conditions shall be indicated at a remote point by a signalling
ci~c u it in the recorder.

28 . The recorder mu st place on record all R~JECT attempts t o gain

entry. The information shall be p rinted in RED so that it is
i ~~ediat e l y a?pa~ e nt to the mo nit oring author ity.

2 9. Where v er y high security is required the me~ ory unit shall be

i nstal led as standard eauioment. The followi~g applications
ar e to ~e fol lowed when-a ~e~ory unit is installed:
a. 3oth ~ntry and ~xit shall be controlled by card readers.

b. A ca rd cannot be used to gain access a second time un less

it has first been used to exit the area.

c. The memory ~ nit mu st be ca?a~le of handling at least 4000

?e : sonal codes a~d 15 entry/exit points.

Memory units shall ~e fitted with standby batteries. However,

it is essential to realize that a loss of power caused by
either a short circuit or a service engineers action will erase
the infor~ation stor ed in the unit. If such as i~cident occurs
it will be nec ess ary to again dial all info~ation.

31. The card in use shall be fully laminated and of data collection
size. It shall contain invisible and passive code elements.

32. Cod es on the card shall be arranged as follows:

a. C c~al code from which the personal code is de:ived.

b. Syste~ code from which the card reader identifies the

particular card for the system.

SSD 23: PAGE 5 OF 6

.. SSD .. 2J .. .... .... r-J.)I

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33. A se?arate l ist shall be ~ rovided with information about each
individual card wi th i t s personal code since there is to be no
indic a tion on the card of the relevant c ode . This list will
need to be given a high d egree of security withi~ the system .

34 . The cards shall be manufactu~ed accordi~g t o in ternatio nal

standards for data c o llecti on cards . The code elemen ts shall
be pl aced between two pieces of high quality p last i c material
and Rf weld e d together.

35. Cards sha ll be printed wit h a soecial number which no t

connected in any way with the a~tua l or person al codes .

36 . A c omp ut e r li s t s hall be provided with th e equipme n t sho wing :

a. Oc~al number .

b. Persona l Code Numb e r (5 d ifferent code s) .

c. 3 l ock ing Code .
R2 L ::: A S ::: S ER V ! C E S
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37 . The l oc k in u~ is t o be CHUBB Castle or better fitt ed with a n
electric ~~~i ~3 ~l a t e typ e SOL IDAS 514 BSE 24v (l25MAO) . Th e
?late s hall be fa il safe des i g ned for continuous use and have
~uilt i~ cont=ol contact to ensure the door i s not o nly c l osed
b ut also locked .

J8 . ~~ere circu~s~ a n ce dictat es that the striking plate be l ocked

when energized th en s uch information must be stipulated when
order in g the syste~ s ince thl s condition r eq uires ad justme nt of
card read e rs.

39 . The AC E system outlin ed abo ve will be used only in buildings

already sited within a s ecu rity compound or o ther security
area . It is Not t o be used f o r cont r o l of access at the main
gate to the se cu rity a re a , com~ound, or i ns tal l atio n.

SSD 23: ? AGE 6 02 6

) .... S.SD .. 2.4 .... . . ... ~_)I

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SSD-24, TURNSTILES USED IN CONTROL OF ENTRY

1. The SSD is to be read i~ conjunction with SSD- 16 and SSD - 23 .

2. Turnstiles wil l be installed only with the written cermission of

ihe Secretar iat. Where permission is granted, the ~urnstile is
to be used as part of an Automat i c Control of Entry System.

3. The purpose of the turnstile shall be to stop unauthorized e~try

~hile permitting authorized entry with maximum convenience.

Turnstiles shall be of rugged construction to withstand the

constant use expected in an industrial environment.

5• Turnstiles shall bci full height, that is, not less than 2 me ters
clear walkway. The minimum walkway width shall be not less than
500mm and the maximum not more than 600mm.

6- The central rotor shall have horizontal bars set at 90 degrees

to each other set. The bats shall be set not more than 155mm
a~art.

7. The turnstil e s~all be manufactured from stainless steel or

similar approved mater ial to ensure long life with the minimum
of maintenance. Where necessary, suitable tough e ned glass or
similar trans~arent material shall be used to ensure t ~e minimum
cla~st~cpho~ic effect.

8. Stators will be pro vided to confine access via t he walkway.

9. The ends o f the rotor bars shall not project unprotected when
the turnsLile is at rest. It shall not be possib l e for the
turnstile to lock when a pe~son is passing through.

1 g. Tur~sti les should be self supporting by bolting to the floor

with draw bolts. It should not be necessary to excavate the
floor to install them. Ideally the units should be delivered to
the site in modular form. ·

11. The central rotor shall be controlled by an electromechanical

unit mounted above the walkway area of the turnstile. The
co~=~~l dev i ce will be capable of locking or releasing the rotor
in eit~er direction.

12. A form o: anti backup device shall be used so that once the
rotor is released from the locked position and moved through 25
degrees it will not be possible to return it to it s original
position. This "backup" will be progressive to stop "r ock ing"
of the rotor.
SSD 24: PAGE l OF 2
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 .SSD . . 24 . . ..... .. ~_)!

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lJ. Subject t o the reauirements of the user, either a fail safe or

fail locked facility under loss of power will be incorporated.
The c o ntrol devic e will be ca~able of receiving instructions
from card reacer cevices via an interface unit which will also
provide facilities for interlock and alarms . The contr o l
system will operate o n 24v DC and a suitable transformer or
rectifier must be orovided .
~

14. The unit sha ll, with the addition of minimum environmental
·control , be capable of installation in the open.

15. .. Pr o vision shall be mad e in the capability o f the interface and

power supply to provide walkway illumination and flow control
lights.

16. In ar e as where space i~ a prime consideration , double units

shall be installed with all the facilities offered by the
single unit out with the ability to save spac e by meshing the
t·,.;o r o tors.

17. The flow rate for a c o ntr o lled turnstile is to be n o t less than
ten persons per minute based on six seconds per controll~d
entry. This ti me period includes the operation of the card
reader and passing through the turnstile when it is released.

18. Where push butt o n controlled egress is applied to a turnstile

the flow rate shall be not less than 15 pers on s pe~ minute .

19 . The basic requirements fo r an access contr o l turnstile are :

a. A card reader on the entry side of the turnstile and a card

re a d e r or push button the exit side depending on the
control s ystem specified for exit .

b. Separate electr o ni c ally motivated mechanical releases f o r

each direction o f rotati o n

c. Mechani c ally operated contac ts which sig n al the positional

information of the turnstile to the card reader.

d. Key release of th e turnstile mechanism to allow access in

t ~ e ev ent o ~ a ma ins failure. Access in this sit~ati o n is
to be supervised by secur i ty personnel.

e. A security lock fitted to th e me chanism c o ver to prevent

unauthorized tampering and tam9er alarm conta c ts .

SSD 24: PA.G2 2 OE' ·2

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SS0-2 5, INTERNAL CLeANING Ot STOR~G~ TANKS

l. Th e f ol l o wing p r o cedur e s are to be strictly a d hered to befo re and

during t~e i nterna l cleaning of storage tanks that have contained
hydroc arbon l iquids.

2. Procedure s.

a. Co nten t s of ta nk shall be pumped out where po ss i ble by

normal me ans to t he l owes t level.

b. A col d work a nd/or e ntry permit must be issu e d and t he

con te nts ther eo n complied wi th. See SSD -19.

c. On e 12 kg dry powder or B.C.F fire extinguisher wi l l be

positi o ned by ev e ry entrance to th e tank.

d. All pipe work connected to th e tank must be spaded off,

unl ess a valv e or spoo l 9iece is fitted in to the pipe work
imme dia tel y befor e the· t ank flange, then th e valve a nd/o r
spool pi ece will be r e~oved .

e. An air mov er will be securely bolted onto o ne of the tank

manholes or pipe flange.

E. Ensu re that ~he gr oundin g cable of tne tank is in good order

a nd is ?rO? erl y g r ounded.

g. Connect air mover to com ~res so r or steam unit and commence

de-ga ssi!lg tank.

h. Ta ~ecomb ustibl e and toxic gas tests fro~ o utside of t~e

tank unle ss wearing Co~pre s se d Air -Self Contained Breathing
~pparatus.

i. 2nsure that there is sufficient ox yge n cont en t in the ta nk

for personnel to work without ·· breathing app aratus.

j. I f tan k has held sour crude a water spray must be used on

the insi de wal ls of the tank continuously until all scale
has be en removed .

k. All pe rso n ne l, be:ore entering the tank , will don a safe ty

har nes s and hav e a lifeline attached.

l. Any machine, v ehicle , or other apparatus that is fitted with

or driven by a di e sel e ngin e , must conform t o SSD-21.

SS D 25: PAGE l OF 2
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m. Only certified fla~e proof lighting will be used in the

area .

n. Only non-ferrous tools will be used for cleaning the inside

of tanks until the tank and surrounding area have been
certified as gas free.

o. Onl y intrinsically safe equipment wi l l be used within the

diked c~ea of the tank.

p. All residue of tank must be taken outside of diked area.

q. At all times when there are personnel working within a tank,

a st a ndby will be po sitioned outside with a rescue line and
a s e t of breathing apparatus at the ready.

SSD 25: PAGE 2 OF 2

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.SSD .. 26 ...... .. .. 10_)1

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SS0-26, BLAST RESISTANT CONT~OL ROOMS

1. New single and multi-unit control buildings, located in

refineries, petrochemical plants, GOS?S or in other similar
blast-hazardous environments, shal~ be blast resistant, single
story and without windows.

2. A mini~us clearance of 35 meters is required between the control

room building and equipment or vessels handling flam~aDle
liquids ar.d/o r gases, or buildings housing explosive materials.

3. Non-related o ffices, dining and recreational rooms will be

sepa rat e from the control building.

4. The control buildi~g will be designed to prevent the entry of

flamm ab le liquids and va?ors.

5. The source of air for purging control buildings shall be free of

hazardous con centrations of flammable vapors and gases,
contaminants a~d any othec roreign matter. The source of air
shall be deter~ined from the nature of the process and the
physical layout.

6. Du cts sha ll be constructed of noncombustible materials. The fan

suction line shall be free of leaks and given suitable
protection from mecha nical damage and corrosi on to prevent
~azardous concentrations of flammables from bei ng ad~itted to
t~e control building.

7. The a ir system s~all be design to provide positive pressure

ventilation for all areas of the building. The positive
?ressure air sysce~ shall:

a. Be capa~le oE maintainin3 a pressure of at least O.l inch

of water in the control roo~ with all openings closed.

b. Be capable of providing a minimum outward velocity of 6e

feet per minute through . all openings. All doors capable of
being opened shall be considered open, and an allowance for
other openings shall be included.

8. Zt s~all be acceotable for the oositive ?ressure air svstem to

inclu de heaLing,-ventilation and air conditioning equi?ment,
plus any auxiliary equipment found necessary to comply with the
above .

SSD 26: PAGC: l OE' 8

) 5SD.. 2 .6 .... ... ~_)I

2 ....... ._,I - •r
~ r
9. A minimu~ n~~ ber of doors should be provided so that positive
p ressur e s ca~: be mc intained while at the same time the num ber
o f doo~s should be adequate for safe exit.

10. The control room shall be electrically isolated by space and a

wall from electrical and radio swi tc h gear rooms. Shielding
from th i s equipment will be built int o dividing wall s .

11. Process, c~emical or hydrocarbon pipe work will not be pi9ed

i nto or through t~e control building .

12. No process or operational handling and disposal of liquids

shall take place or be located ove r or under the control
bu ilding.

13. Manufacturers of b last resistant doors s uppli ed for fitting

into control buildings must furnish a warranty of their
suitability .

14. Con trol Building Size. Thi leng th and arrangement of the
control boards, as well as access to the back of the boards,
shall deter~ine t he the size of the control r oom. An example
of a control r oom building suitab le for housi ng a contro l board
32 fe e t long is shown in Illustration 1.

S?ec ial Design Locd s

15. Ne~ co ntrol buildings loca ted the 35 meter minimum from a
pot e ntial blast source shall be designed to withstand the
maximum combi nation of dead loads resulting from any one of the
following:

a. Over pressure e quivalent to 3 osi static pressur e acti~g

on all exterior surfaces .

b. Suct i on o ve r ?:essure equivale~t to 1 p s i static pressure

acting on all external surfaces.

c. Effective wind vel oc ity pressure of 75 psf on flat

surfaces.

l6 . New control buildings loc at ed more than 103 feet fr om a bla st

so urc e shall be designed in accordance with the f o llowin g
table :

SSD 2 6: PAGC:: 2 OF 8

9/
....S S.D..2 6 ... .. .. . rJ_)1

DISTANCS V~~SUS DESIGN ?RESSUR~S

Dis~a nce from Control Over- Suction Over- \<J i n d ve:ocity

Room to Process Eq uip . Press u re Pressure Pressure
(Feet) ( PS I ) (PSI) ( PS F)

100 to 150 3 l 75
150 to 20~ 1.5 0.5 38
2\30 to 250 1.0 0. 3 3 25
250 to 500 0.5 0. l7 *
Over 5~HJ * * *
* No special design loads.

17. The following permissible load s/s tresses shall be used when
designing to the special design loads given in the above tcble:

a. For over pressure and suction over pre5sure, as noted in

Paragraph 15, i t e!Tis (a) and {b) , normal al lowable s~resses
shall be us e d, except fo r shear, where the str ess shall be
limited to a maximum·~f 75% of normal.

b. For wind veloci ty pressure, as noted in paragraph 15, item

(c), 133 and l/3 9er cent o f the normal allowable stress
du e to the combination of wind and dead loads shall be
used.

Constr~ction Standards

18. Construccion standards for building elements {foundations,

structure and enclosure) are determined by the foregoing design
load data. A typical wall section for a reinforced concrete,
bl3st resistanc bui lding is shown in Illus trati on 2.

19. Openinss i~ the building enclosure sh all be minimized and

arr anged to avoid or be shi elded from direct blast oressures.
Recesses and blast shield, as shown in Illustration.l should be
used only on the walls remote from the most likely direction of
the potential blast source.· Openings larger than 8 inches
s hall be investigated for the effect of shock resistance.
Openi ngs that could cause pressures on top surfaces of hung
ceilings shall not be used.

23. 2xt e rn al doors, lou v ers and similar items, together with their
fra~es, shall be capable of withstanding the over pres s~res
Glass ?ane ls shall not be used in these doors. ~wo means
(doors) of ingress and egress from the control room, located

SSD 26: PAG2 3 OF 8

..SSD.. 2.6 ... ... . .... ~_)1

140_8./9 4/J_J ... (:JL:JI

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r emot e from each other and where 90ssi~le not in o~posite
wails, shall be provided for 9ersonnel. O~enings shall be
sized for wan e uverin g factory fabricated contro l boards into or
out of the control room. External door frame s shall be set in
a rabbet on all sides , including the bottom, to preve nt the
door and frame from being blo wn in. Doors shall open outwards
only, and shall be prov ided with clos e rs.

De tail Oesicn

21. The following design requ irement s will be incorporated 1n the

building:

a. Walls shall be cast 1n place , r e inforced concrete of load

bearing type~ designed to resist bendi ng and transwit
horiz ontal sheer. Precast concret e panels may be used ~ut
shall be eithe r mechanically bon ded to·cast in place,
reinf orced concrete columns o r pro vid ed with built in,
load transmitting steel plates or angles so that the
panels can be welde& in place.
b. Walls shall be anchored to foundations and conc rete roof
slabs with steel reinforcing bars to provide full moment
connections.

c. Roof framing shal l be provided with adequate beari ng and

good anc~orage to the su9porting walls. Roof form
decking, if used, should be weld ed to the top memb er of
t:;e roof fr ·3. i"i:e.

d. Load s on roofs and walls shall be distributed in two

Jirections where possi ble .

e. Str ess reversals at each member shall be cons ider ed and a

~ini~u~ 20% stre ngth revers al shall be provided.

f. Reinforced concrete members shall have good ductile

properties. ~herefore, tension steel shall be li~ited t o
2% of the concrete area in order to prevent any failure in
tension. To allow for stress reversal reinforcing stee l
shall ~e provi~ed for bot h concrete faces and shear bars
will be set perpendicular, not incli ned .

g. Alte:na tive s to the deta il design require~ents noted in

Items (a) through (f) shall be subject to the ap!,noval of
the Hi gh Commission for Industrial Security.

SSD 26: PAG "E: 4 Of 8

SSD.. 26 .. .. ... .. . ~_)I

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22. A raised access modular type floor systeffi, common l y referred to

as a com9uter floor, shall be installed . If a comp u te r r oom is
to be incorporated into the cont rol building the raised access
f l ooring should be installed in both areas. Care should be
exercised to maintain fire code const ruct ion require~ents and
to ?r o vide adequate under floor ventilation.

23 . The cei ling system for con tr ol ro om buildings shall be

su spended , exposed grid system with acoustical lay i n tiles and
recessed lay in lighting fixtures . A minimum cl e arance of 9
feet sha l l be provided betw ee ~ the f i nished floor and the
cei ling syst em . The height o f the contr o l board and the
relationship between the top of th e board and the ceiling shal l
be cons idered.

?lumt> in o
24. Rest room facili ties are required ~o r control r oom personnel
o nly. Quality sta ndards shal l be set forth i n the design
spec ifications.

25 . Mi~im uminstallation consists of the following equipment and

fixtures installed in a r oom accessible from, but not directly
opening into , the control r oom :

a. Water closet encl osed in t o ilet compart~ e ~t.

b. La vat o ry hand washing bas in wi th soa? dis?e~s e ~ , towel

dis?enser and mirr o r.

c. 2ith er an electric instantaneous type wa ter heater fo r

s~al!er inst alla tions or a n electric high reco ve :y st orage
type for l3r ger i nstallations .

d. A water service sink may be installed in the mechanical

room taking· into conside r atio n all elect r ical fittings
i:1s ta l l ed .

e. An e l ect ri cal ly r ef rigerated d rinkin g f o untain should be

insta lled convenient t d the control room .

f. s~ it a~ !e d:~i~a ;e ~ o r the toilet and hand wash basi n

systess and Eor the refrigerati o n and air cond iti oni ng
equipme~t shall be pr ov ided.

SSD 26: PAGE 5 OF 8

.. ..S.SD.. 26 ...... .. . r-J_)I

2.............. ...... I ~•t

er
26 . The c on trol room building sewer sha ll be tied i nt o th e main
plan t sanitary sewe: system in such a man ner as to preve nt the
possibility of the bac kup of explosive mat erial s i nto th e
bui lding.

27. The water sup9ly system sha ll be connected t o t he main plant

drin king wate~ sup ply system sou rce . All underground wate r
piping shall be t ype K c oppe r tubing with wrough t copper so lde r
joint fi t t ings . Exposed wat er pi ping shou ld be in sula ted as
necessary for prote ct i o n agai nst local climatic cond i t i ons .
Th i s include s oper a t ion al conciti ons .

28. Piping s leeves shall be installed where piping penetrates

concr e t e founc atio ns or e xteri o r walls. These slee v e s shal l be
standard weight black s teel pipe one pipe size l arger than the
p i pe passi ng through the sle eve . Annular space between the
pipe and s l eev e shall be caulked with flexible compound to
prevent the pas sage of air, gas or rode nts t hroug h th e wa ll.
Steel pla te ri ngs s hould be installed as escutcheon pl ates
coveri ng and protecting t~e annular space ca ulking from bla st
forces. Sleeves thr ough concr ete floors s labs shall be 26
gauge galvan ized sheet metal, sized and caulked t o prevent the
passage of air.

::lect rical
29 . ~he design a~c ins:allation of the c ontr o l r oom el ectr ical
sy stem shal l be fully compatible with th e ma i- pl ant power an d
lighting sy s t e ms . All electrical equi pme nt s .ould be l oca t ed
in the illechanical room, exce pt where the magnit ude of an
install at ion may require that separat e rooms b e provided. All
conduits e nter:ng the bu ilding shall be underground.

30 . Lig htin g req u i rements are as foll ows:

a. Recessed flu oresc ent li ght ing fixtures shall be inst al l ed

for interior lighting. Ballasts for each fluorescent
fixture shall be wired in serie s with a radio frequency
suppressor.

b. Emergency lighting shall co nsist of a battery op e~ated

sys te::J.

c. Lighti ng fixt~res and r ece ptac les shall be compa ti~le with
the main plan t electrica l standards.

SSD 26: PAGE 6 OF 8

------- -- ....- - ··--=--=---=--:..:.-_.:___::__:_______________________

..SSD... 2.6 . . .... ~.)1

Jl . Co nduit systems f o r in tercom and telephone s shall enter the

building underground and s haLl be included in the design
specifica::ions.

32. Instrument power shall be a separate system with the instrument

power panel board and wiring completely independen t of the
electrical system supplying li gh ting and building equipment.
This procedure prevents the possibility of stray si gn als being
transmitted into sensitive instrument control devices.
·Instru ments and instru~entation wiring shall be shielded within
a 9 feet radius of a fluorescent light fixture or its
electrical supply wiring.

3 3. Sup plement power syst ems are required for lighting, building
pressurization system, and instru ment power.

J 4. Instru~ent signal entry cables or tubing, or both, shall enter

the control room at two or more separate locations, 1r
oossiole. Plot olan considerations shall determine the number
~f entries if mo~e than t~~- Multiple entries will minimize
hazards asso ciat e d with readily accessible com~on junction
points. Sig~al runs within the control room should be designed
to mini~i ze common or bundled runs. Layout of th e cross
connection pane ls should reflect these crite ria.

3 5. When cables pass through fire walls and partitions the wall
openings sha ll be fully s e aled to prevent trans~ission of fire
and va~ors. ?he cpe ning shall be protected by a steel fra~ed
transit assembly with packing assembly for fire and watertight
seal around the cable. All cables are to enter the building
underground.

36 • All cable entries shall be sealed. Multi-conductor cable

covering shall be stri~ped and sealing shall be placed between
the outside covering and the cables. A potting compound shall
be used to exclude the passage of hydrocarbon vapors and
products of co~bustion into the control house via the cable
covering .

. ial Mechanical aecuirements

37. Sel adjus:: ~g lou ve rs in exte:i o r walls shall ~e blas t

res stant.

SSD 26: PAGE 7 OF 8

... S S.D.. 2 .6 ... ........ c--J_,.I!

~ ~.0.? ~~ -~ !.~ 3_ ... CJL:)I

2_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . C' \_,:;J I

38. Duct work supp l ying cooling to el ec tronic instruments in the

?rocess c ontr ol boards shall be insulated fr om the control
board frame or structure by means of non-conductive, flexible
cor.nections.

39 . Filter system design for air supply equipment is especially

critical where co~puter installations are anticipated. The
installation of electronic.cleaners are recommended. Filter
requirements s hall be included in the design speciEications.

40. Performance guarantees are required for each system. These

shall maintain the following conditions throughout the control
ro om on a 24 hour, year round basis:

a. I n ternal space p~essure e qual to a minimum of @.25 inches

of water.

b. Interior temperatures of 75 ° F dry bulb with a relativ e

humidity of 40 - 50 per cent, with outside conditions
based on =ecognized·local design conditions.

c. A ventilation rate of 15 cfm per person or 1/ 30 o f the

volume of c o nditioned space, whichever is greater.

d. Full lightin g , equi?ment and persor.nel loads. Changes and

adjustments necessar y to assure uniform conditions
throughout t~e control rocm ~ay be required during the
first year o~ ope~ation. A relative humidit y instrument
shall be installed in the control room.

41. All walls shall b e painted white and all doors and frames shall
be painted black.

ire !?::otection

. 2. Afire alar~ syst~~ :or combined functi o n buildi ngs will be

installe d where automatic or unattended equipment is housed
adjacent to the control room. This is particularly recommended
for rooms housing switch gear equipment. Automatic smoke
detectors connected to the alarm system in the control room
s~all be installed in the switch gear room.

sso 26: PAGE 8 OF 8

97
 CONTROL ROOM BUILDING

------- -----r \-------1

~
--------

I VlFUTURE 1
I FUTU ~E COl'!PUTER 1 MECHANICri~
1 ( BUS~NC:SS & P~OCESS) (MIN.) 1
500-oOO 1 1
I I I
I I

I---------------~~-----~I
1
I I FUTURE I
: 1 c:"UTURE COMPUTER I : ~.EC!-!ANICA.IJ
~MIN. SIZE 150 I I (MIN.) :
1 : I I
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FIELDt:
I

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MECP..ANIC.:U. ROCM
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NO~E: Size of contro l room depe~ds upon the length and

arrangement of the unit control boards.
SSD/26 Illustration

r - - · - ·- · • . - - ...
 TYPICAL WALL SECTION

STRUCTU~~ ROOF SLAB

SUILT-U? HOOF WITH

GRAVEL ON RIGID
DlSULATION
REGLET CO UNTErt~
FLASHING I ~

. .~

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= CONTROL
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ACCESS
FLOORING
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l:tOUNDATI ON

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SOILS REPORT)
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SSD-27, S?ACI~G/DIK~S A~D DRAINAG~

The f oll owing Safety Requirements are in add i ti o n to those norma l ly

found in Internationally rec ogni zed Safety Codes and Practices, s uch
as ~FPA 30, Mobile Engineering Guides and A ~ I St a ndards.

l. S9a c ing.

a. Tanks of any diameter. Spacing betwee n shells will be a

minimum of one half the diameter of the largest tank.

b. Spacing between the tank shell and inside of the dike wall
shall be a minimum of 15m.

c. Crude tanks in any diameter. Di s tanc e betrieen tank shells

will be a minimum of one a nd a half diameters of the
largest tan ~-< .

d. Ho t Oil Tank s above 2S0°F and Heated FCC Change Tanks,

excluding Hi g h Flash rlSphalt. Minimum ss>acing, shell to
shell, will be equal to one and a half times the diamet e r
to the largest tank.

e. Slo9 Oil and Emul s ion Breaking Tanks. Minimum spacing,

shell to shell, will be equal to o ne and a half times the
diamete~ of the largest tank.

f. All tan~s, othe~ than those whic h have to be individ u ally

diked and spheres, with built in common d ikes shall not be
located in more than two rows in any direction. There will
n o t be more than four tanks built in a c ommon dike to
ens~~e e2sy access f o r fire fighting vehicles/eq~ipment.

g. L?G Ss>heres in any diameter. Distance between spher e

shells will be a minimum of one and a half diameters of the
largest sphere.

2. Dikes.

a. Crude tar.ks in any diameter must be individually diked.

'-'. ~o t Oil, :cc Cha r s = and Sloo Tanks o: any dia~eter, mus t be
individ~ally di~ed.

NOTE: All above dikes must contain at least 1g~% of the volume of
the largest tank.

SSD 27: PAGE 1 OF 3

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 ·· · ·· ··~-~~- _2.-: . .... . .. . ~.)I
1438/04/03
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c. Tanks containino t he same type of product, other than those

listed in 2.1 and 2.2 above, may be located within a common
dike. These to be li~ited to a maximu~ of four tanks.

d. Walls of all diked areas must be of solid masonry or

concrete. Conc~ete slabs fitted over earthen dikes are
?e~issible. All dikes must be des i gned to be liquid tight
and to withstand a full hydrostatic head, with a minimum
height of 2~ from the interior grade level.

e. In ter med iate dikes must not be more t han 50~ of the height
of the main impoundin g area dike.

f. Impounding Dike Basins. A slope from the tank of not less

th an 1% shall be provided for at least 50 feet, or to the
dike base , whichever is less.

g. Drains sho u ld extend through intermediat e dikes , be of

suff i c i ent size, and co ntr olled with a drain valve .

h. T~e volumetric capacity of the diked area must not be less

than the greatest amou nt of liquid that can be released
from the largest tank within the diked area, assuming the
largest tank is full .

i. To pe~it easy access for fire fighting vehicles and / or

equi?ment, there must be a ~inimum wid th of 6m around each
i~:_Jouncing dike .

j. Only piping to /f rom individual tanks is permitted inside of

the diked areas . Non-associated pipe ways and all pumps
~~st ~e loca:ed outs id e of the diked areas.

3. Drainage.

a. Valved, fire sealed d rains must be pr ovided . They must be

located a t a re~ote part of the dike .

b. All va lves , 14 inch and above, located on tank shell

nozzles must be remotely o perated to permit rapid emerge n cy
shut down .

c. The mini~um size of the sealed drain pipe will be the

diameter of the largest pi?e t o or from the tank .

SSD 27 : PAGE 2 Of 3

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d. Remote~y ope~ated
mai n val ves on tank nozzles shal l be
protected against fi re ex posu re by t h e application of fire
proofing material t o exposed conduit, motors, and val ve
bodies.

e. All st o rage tank s must be provided with shu t off valves

below the liquid l e vel. They must be located outside of
the dike wall.

f. 2levated LPG Spheres mus t have t~e high point of grade

beneath the c enter of the spher e .

g. All bottom inlet lines on LPG Soh e res must have a remote
ooera ted valve located on the v~ssel nozzl e t o permit rapid
shutdown. Eac h inl et/o utlet line must be provided with an
excess flow valve which woul d au tomati ca lly shut off the
fl ow i n the event of a line ruptu~e.

S SD 27: PAGE 3 OF 3

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 SS-D.-2 .9 -· -- .. ~.) 1

~ 40. 8 I 0 .4 /JU -.. t J L:J I

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SSD-29, THE SAfS DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, O?ERATION

AND ~AI~TENANCE Of HYDROCARBON CARRYING PIPELINES

l. INTRODUCTION. This dir ec tive is considered the mini~um

requirement for th e location stated. Any standard which reduces
the risk to surrounding communities s~ill further will be
considered by H.C.I.S at the time of construction.

2. ?UR?OSE. The purpose of this directive is to ensure that any

p1pel1ne, when construc:ed and operating WILL NOT pose a hazard
to surrounding communities and industries. The following ite~s
must receive due consideration during the plannin g of the route,
the engineering design, the construction, th e operation, and the
ma int e nance of the pipeline.

2.1 The safe distance frcm known hazards industries, roads,

and communities.

2.2 The ensineering d esign and specification.

2.3 The construction of the pipeline.

2.4 The protection of the pipeline.

2.5 ~he pro tec tion of the area surround ing the pipeline.

2.6 The operation of th e pipeline.

2.7 The maintenance of the pipeline.

3. DEE'INITI ONS. The following definitions shall be a ppli ed to

~hese ~ords used in t~is directive:

3. 1 SHALL: R equ ire~ent :s mandatory.

3.2 S~ OU LD: ~equirement is manda tory but an alternative ~auld

be considered by H.C.I.S if the alternative will gi ve
equal protection. ·

4. THE ROUTE OF THE PIPELINE. Under normal circumstances the route

of the pipel1ne s~all avoid the centers of cities, towns,
vil lages , and i~dust:ial areas. Ho weve r, ~he:e t~is is
unavoida bl e sa !ety provisions are increased. The pipeline shal l
be routed to avoid passing close to existing or proposed oil,
sas, or explosive storage faciliti es as well as military and
public security installations.

SSD 29: PAGE 1 0:' 7

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I
. S$0 ...29 .... ... . ... ~.) 1

.. ~ ~ .~ ~/ ~. ~ ( ~ .~ . .. [:.J L:J I
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···· ····· ···· ······l:'';J'
5. CLEA~~NCES FROM KNOWN HAZARDS.

5. 1 The ~ipeline shall not be close r to the following

hazardous loc a ti ons than the distances g iv e n below :

5 . l. l Oil wells, gas wells and gas/oil se~aration plan t s

(except fo r termination at the well or GOSP)
450 me ters

5 . :.. . 2 Pressure crude pipelines 150 meters

5 . l. 3 Natural gas o r LPG pipelines 150 meters

5. l. 4 Atmospheric crude flow lines, above

g r ound 3 meter:s

5 . l. 5 Atmospheric crude flow line, below

g r ound 15 meters

5.1 . 6 Underground 1et fuel , ke r osene ,

fuel oil o r di esel pipeline 8 meters

5.1.7 Ground flare s and burn pits 200 meters

5 . 1.8 Elevated flare st acks 60 meters

5.1 . 9 Oil / water separators 150 me ters

5 .1.1 ~ ~ydroca:~on processing areas 150 ~e':e ?:."s

5 .1 . 11 Explosives and caps ul e sto rage a r eas SO~HJ ;neters

5 .1.12 Gas bottling and storage ar eas 1 500 me ter s

5.1.13 Air field , (except for terminati on

at the air field) 4 sa mete rs

5 .1.14 Radio, telev i sion and micro wave

towers 200 meters

5 .1.15 Main railway o r sp ur line 60 meters

5. 1.16 rr om a sewe r HJ me!:er-s

5 . 1.17 From an unde r g r oun d power cable 4 meters

SSD 29 : PAG2 2 OF 7
.. .SSl) .. 2J ... .. .. .. ~_)1

... 14 .0.8./G .4 /.0.3. ... t.JL::)I

····· -··· - ·· ·· ·· ·· -·,

\
· ·· l:'~

5.1.18 From an under s round liquid hyd rocarb o n

car~on storag t tan k 35 meters

5.1.19 From an above ground liquid hydrocarbon

carbon st o rage tank 60 met ers

5.2 The ~i~ e line shall no t b e clo s er to oc cu~ie d buildings

than the distanc es g i ve n below:

5. 2 . l Hos? ital, school or uni vers ity l\H33 me ters

5.2.2 High densit; public places, shopp ing precincts,

hotels, and sports
s-:.adiums 500 me t ers

5 .2.3 From other occupied bu ildings:

P ipe Dia meter

4"-6" inclusive 9 meters plus 5 meters
8"-10" inclusive 12 meters f or e very 100 ps i
12"-16" inclu s ive 15 met e rs a bo ve 53g psi
18"- 24 " inclusi ve 18 met ers design pressure
Above 24" 21 meters

Where these distances cannot be met, the f o ll o wi~g

formul a shall b e a9plied:

"co r every three meters (or part :.h e ::e of) shor t o f.
the specified distances, the depth of cover over
the pi?eline shall be i ncreas ed by one meter ab ov e
the specified minimum. For ev ery one meter
i nc=ease in depth ano ve the minimum the wa l l
thickness shall be in cre ased by one millimeter."

5.3 The max imum depth of any pipeline shall not exceed thre e
~eters oelow finished grade or road surface.

5.4 The pipeline shall n o t .be vertically closer to any over

head, open conductor power line than 9.2 meters.

5.5 The pipeline shall not be horizontally closer to any

c v e r ~eaa , o?en conducto r p ow e r li ne t h an the d ist anc e s
given below:

sso 29: P.I\GE 3 OF 7

 ..s.sn.. 2.9 ........... ~.)'

.. .Li.0 B/~.4/03 ... [:..)t.:.l t

... 0..... _.. . _. . . . . . . . ... C' I__:J I

5. 5. l Ove rh ead , open ductor power line of any voltage

whe~e the power line a~d pipeline a re parallel for
more than 1.6 kilometers 150 meters

5. 5. 2 Overhead, op e~ conductor power lin e up to 69kv

where the power line and parallel for less than 1. 6
l<iloii\eters 18 ;-:~eters

5.5.3 Overhe3d, open conductor power line up to ll5kv

where the power line and pipeline are parallel for
less than 1.6 kilometers 23 met e rs

5.5.4 Overhead , open conductor power line, 230kv where

the power lin e and pipe line are pa rall e l for l ess
t ha n 1.6 ki lom et er s 30 meters

5.5.5 Overhead, open conductor power line U? to 500kv

where the powe r line and pipeline are parallel for
less than 1.6 kilometers 50 meters

5.5. 6 Ove rhe ad , open conductor power line up to l,000kv

where the power line and pipeline are parallel for
less than 1.6 kilometers 85 meters

5.6 Wnere existing power lines cross ex isting pipelines the

situation will ~e st ud ied by H.C.I.S to determine an y
haz a~ d and to reco~~end iffipr ove~ents where necessary.

5.7 Pipelines shall not be laid unde r an expressway or other

road e~cept for crossing t he road. The crossing should be
a~ rig~t a~;!es to t~e expressway or :cad. The iilini~um
cover o ver t~e p ipel in e sha ll be t~ o meters. If it is
r ~qui r ed to fol low the route of an expressway or other
road then the ~ipeline shall be laid in a pi~e corridor to
one side of th e road. The pi?elin e shall be 100 we ters
f: om tj e ce~te: o: the road o r ex?:essway.

5.8 Where a new pipeline crosses an existing road or

expressway it shall be buried dir ec tly in the ground or it
way be cased. The diameter of the casing pipe shall not
~e l~: -;e: :::::! :1 t:,e ou :si.de ci :::7te':e: o: t!le ?i?eli:;e :;l·.;s
t·..; o i:1c:-:es .

5.9 Where a new road cr oss es an existing pi peline the road

~ill be ca::ied on a fly over. The minimum height from
srade to the un ders ide of th e supporting structure shall

SSD 29: P .-\G ~ 4 Of 7

-------- --- .-- -- ·---· -·····- ---·- -··--· ·----· ....... . - .. .. -· .... ·-
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be 4 met er s. Supports for the fly over may be located in

the ri gh t of way of the pipeline but the foundations for
the piers shall not be closer to the pipeline that 4
meters. The structure of the fly over shall have a fire
resistance of not less than four hours. A security fence,
which shall meet the requirements ·of SSD-l or SSD-2, shall
be erec~ed at the edges of the fly over and shall continue
for a minimum of ten meters along the roadway. The height
of the fence shall be 2.9 meters or 1.5 meters above the
ramparts of the fly over, whichever is the higher.

5.10 The ground level of 60 meters on either side of the

pipeline shall be one meter lower than the road surfaces.
Within the 12 0 meters the ground shall be grad 2 d to ensure
that any spillage shall drain away f rom the pipeline and .
the road.

5.11 Where a pipeline is laid in a pipeline or utilities

corridor the minimum width of the right of way shall be
60 meters for a single pipeline. Where additional
oioe lines are laid in the corridor the width of the
~o~ridor shall be increased by the distances ·required
between the pipeli~es. Berms shall be erected inside the
ri g ht of way to contain spillage from any pipeline
ruptu~e. The levels of the grade of the corridor shall be
arranged to drain any spillage fr o m a rupture of the
pipeline away frcm the pipeline, bridges, fly over, a~d
other SU??Ortir.s structure.

6. DES I G~ ;\~D CCtl S'l'~DC~ I ON.

6. 1 ?o r ?i?elines Thr o u; h Cities, ~ow~s, Village s a~d

Industrial ;\rea. The standards of con s truction of the
pipeli~e sh a ll mee~ the standards of design and
construction as specified in the American Standards
Inst!tute/~~erican Society of Mechanical Engineers
Spec i f i cat i o n B . 31 • 8 ( late s t ed i t ion) , f o r Class 4
locations and with type 'D' construction, giving a design
factor of g.4. The high pressure shut down pr e ssure shall
be us ed to determine the pipe wall thickness. ~he mini~um
cover for the pipeline shall be two meters.

6.2 ?or ?i?eli~es Th rough ~emote ~reas. The st a ndar ds of

constr~ctio~ a:
the pi?eline shall meet the standards of
design an d construction as specified in th e American
Standards Institute/America n So c iety of Mechanical

SSD 29: PAG2 5 OF 7

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Enginee!:s Specification B. 31.4 (latest edition), all

welded construc tio n. The design factor shall not be less
than G.72 and t:.e joint factor (welds) shall be as
indicated in Table 4G2.4.3. The high pressure shut down
pressure shall be used to determine the pipe wall
thicknes s . The minimum cover for the pipeline shall be
one meter.

6.3 Ge neral for All Pipelines.

6.3.1 The pipeline shall be laid in virgin ground. On no

account shall pipeline be laid in filled or made up
gr ound. Exis t ing cases will be s tudied by H.C.I.S
cas e by case and safety requirements rec ommended.

6.3.2 The pipeline shall be laid on a bed of sand or

other fine grain material. The bed shal~ be 1.5
times the nominal diameter of the pipeline. The
pipeline shall be laid centrally in this bed. T:.e
bed shall be sealed o n top with a weak mix of
colored concrete to identify the presence of the
pipeline to excavators.

6.3.3 The first 40 welds shall be radiographed. If the

failure rate is two or less then radiography may be
rec~ced to 40~ of welds. If the failure rate is 3
or more anot~er 4G welds shall be radio g raphed and
so en un~il the failu~e rate is less than 5~.

6.3.4 ~he pipeline s~all ~ot be tapered, that is, the

wall thickness sha ll not be adjusted throughout the
length of the pipeline without the prior apprcval
of n:.c.r.s.

6.3.5 No~mal ly section ~alves shall be inst a l led at three

kilometer i~tervals ~here a oioeline oasses through
a city, town, village or an industrial area, but
where the pipeline is installed at distance les s
than the minimum .distance ( see paragraph 5.2), the
di stance between the section va lves shall be
reduced as follows:

Di s tance to ne a~ e st Distance ~et·..-een

~uilcing from pipeline Section Valves
6 met e r:s 5'30 meters
9 rr.eters HHJO mete::-s
12 meters 2~HH~ meters

SSD 29: P.'\G:: 6 Of 7

 - - - -- - --- ------

----ss o--29------..... r-='.)'

•· .__
... } 4 ~l8-/0 4! tJ -3-- .. C;.) o-IJ

-· g ___ --- ... - --- --- ...... t:'-...::11

The section valves used in town, cities villages

and industrial areas shall be of the glandless
type.

6. 3. 6 The pipeline shall be protected from the effects of

corrosion and _ erosion by the application of
cathodic protection.

6.3.7· The voltage on the pipeline shall be monitored for

both pot~ntial and polarity. The reading shall be
entered on a register which shall be made available
to H.C.I.S. Th e distance between the monitoring
points shall not exceed two kilometers, but shall
not be adjacent to any ?Osition where the pipeline
passes under or runs parallel to any overhead, open
conductor power line.

6.3.8 The pipeline shall not be operated outside the

criteria used in its design. Neither the high
) pressure shut down pressure nor the pumping
pressure range shall be adjusted without the
consent of H.C.I.S.

6.3.9 The pipeline shall be maintained in a fully

ope!ational condition. It shall be e xamined
regularly for effects of corrosion and erosion.
When the limits set in the design are reached, the
affected portions of the pipeline shall be taken
out of service. Records of maintenance undertaken
and rep la ceme nt items s~all be !o:warded to
H.C.I.S.

·\
/

SSD 29: P.=\GE 7 OF 7

 ==== ======= = == ===== === == == ===== == = == = = = =~ ======= ==== = =~== = ======

SAFETY AND SECURITY DIRECTIVE 29

SSD-29
= == ===== === == == == ====~===== ==~ ~= ======== = = = = == ==================

THE SAFE DESIGN, CONSTUUCTION, OPEHATION AND MAINTENANCE OF

ON-SHORE PIPELINES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF PETROLEUM (CRUDE
OIL AND LIQUID PRODUCTS) AND GAS (NATURAL GAS AND GASEOUS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ).

T A I3 Lc OF CONTENTS

SECTION

SCO PE
2 PROJECT APPROVALS. CONFLIC f'S . AN D D EV IATIONS
-~ PlPE··J_J NE L()CATI()N C L/\SS ES

c..l RUPTURE I~XPOSURE RAD II

'\ PO PlJ LA'llON DENSITY ANALY SIS
<1 PIPELINE L OCATION CLASSIFICATION
7 DES IGN PRESS URE
X SC RAPER LAUNCHI~ R AND RECEI VER INSTA LLATIONS

9 PlPELINJ-: CORR IDORS

10 PIPELINE V AL VES
II BURIAL OF PlPP.LJNES DURING INSTALLA TION
12 TESTING AND I NSPECTION
11 CORROSION PROTECTION
14 PIPELINE OPeRATION
15 AB ANDONED PIPELIN I::S

l<1 CLE;\RANCE FROM KNOW N HAZARDS

1:i:iU1: DATE: MARCH II. l lJlJ7

- I -

-_
· --=.::::::..=-_-_ _--_·--·-·___;_,:
· '_;.;.
" .:...;.
' ·.:...;.·...:.:
-·..:..·:.;_
.. ....:.:..~-·:__ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____:___~--... - - -··
 SAFETY AND SECURITY DIRECTIVE 29

SSD-29

THE SAFE DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF

ON~SHORE PIPELINES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF PETROLEUM (CRUDE
OIL AND LIQUID PRODUCTS) AND GAS (NATURAL GAS ;\ ND GASEOUS
PETROLElJM PRODUCTS).

I. SCOPE

I I Thi~ Directi ve defines 1he minimum mandatory ~afety requirement s for

design. construction. operatJOn. and mawtcnance of all o n-shore ptpeltnc~
for the transportation or petroleum (crude oil and liquid products) and gas
( nawral gas and gaseous petroleum products ). Such pipelines inc lude. but
are JlOt lilllited to: CI"OSS-COUiltry pipelines. f1owJines , trunkJines. ticJincs ,
gas lift lines and test lines. Tilts Directive docs not apply to in-plant
piping, that is, piping withtn the pllystcal bo undaries of a procc~sing
facility .

1.2 Tlte requirements nl ASME 133 l.4 and ASME BJ I.R are incorporated in
this Directive by reference and ::.hall <~pply to all ptpelincs within ttlC scope
of this Directive . The latest edition of ASME shall apply at all times.

2. PROJECT APPROVALS, CONFLICTS, AND DEVIATIONS

2. 1 All pipeline project propos<lb covered under this Dtrcctive s h<1ll be

submitted lo the High Commi,:,ston for Industnal Security (HCIS ) for
approV<ll during the initial planning stages or the project. No construction
:;hall c ommence until approval h;1s bee n granted. The propus;,tl shall
address all requirements of this Di1:ectivc relating tl) the de~ign,
constructi on, operation. and m;untenance of the proposed pipe line.
Subsequent relevant information related 10 the project shall be submitted
10 the 1-ICIS regularl y or on demand. as required.

2.2 i\ny conllicts between this Directi ve and other standards shall be resolved
by the 1-ICJS in consultation \vith the pipeline o wner.

2. 1 Any devi;ition from this Directive requires wrillen approval from the
I-I CIS .

-2-
J. PIPELINE LOCATION CLASSES

3. 1 Pipe line location classes. by which /\SME con struction types arc
dctermu1ed, shall h(> haseJ nn a porulation den sity analysis wilhin the
rupture exposure r;H.Iiu.'> ( R ER l along the pi peline ro ute

3.2 Fo r purposes ur dus directi ve. the RER IS the downwind Jispcrston
distance at gro und level o l a full bore rupture lO the limit of 100 ppm H 2S
or Y2 the Lower f'lam rn<lble Lunit (LFL) of the released vapor. whic hever
d1stancc is greate r.

4. RUPTURE EXPOSURE RADII

4.1 Pipelines carrying liqu1J hydrocarbons hav ing a true V<lpo r pressure less
tlwn 14.5 psi g and <Ill H2S COilCC'IltJ"<ItiOII or k.ss than 15 m o le p~rCC llL

(a) Shall have an RER d1stancc of 200 mercrs (660 ftl for p.1pc
diamete rs lc-;s than or equal to 24 1nches.
{ b) Shall have an R ER dist ance o f 400 meters ( 1310 f!) for p1pe
diame ters gn.:ater than 24 inches.

Table I -Pipeline RER Summary, Low TVP'

Pipeline Pipeline H2S

Contents Diameter (in.) Mole% REA (m)
Sweet. <=2tl < 1 5% 200
Low TVP.
& Liq Uid >2 4 <1. 5% 400
Only

Note: ' True Vapor Pressure < 100 kPa at 38"C

4.2 Pipelines cmrying liquid hydrocarbons o r combusrible gas having a true

V<tpor pressure or 14.5 rsig l)J' grc;t( Cr . <lnd with (til H2S conce ntr atio n of
less than 1.5 mole percent :

( ;I) Shall have an RER distance of 1000 mete rs n 280 1"1 ) fo r pipe
diame te rs less than l ) r equal to 24 inches.
(h) Shall have an RER distance l>l" 2000 meters (6560 ft ) fo r p1pc
cli;lmct c rs grc;ttcr th;m 24 tnches.

4.3 Pipelines carrying liq uid hyclrocarbo ns or combustible gas and with an H ~ S
COilCCiltratitlll of 1.) llll>ie pcrcclll or g reat er :

(al Shall ha ve an RER di ~tancc or 3000 meters (9840 rt) fo r p1pe

diameters less than or equ<tlto 24 inches.

- :l -
 (b) Shall ha ve an RER distance of 5000 me ters ( 16400 fl) for pipe
diameter~ greater th;ln 2-l inc hes.

Table 2- Pipeline UER Summary. High TVP 1

Or Gas

Pipeline Pipeline
Contents Diameter (in.) H~S Mole% RER (m)
Liquid or Gas < =24 <1 .5% 1000
< =24 > = I 5°1o 3000
:> 24 < I 5o/, 2000
.- 2 4 >,-.1 5°1.:. 5000

Notes: • T rue Vapor P1essurc ""' l CO kP::1 a t ~JU"C

4.4 T he RER for a tlowline shall be equal to the REf{ of the well served. For
gathering lines the RER slwll he equal to the L.1rgest RER of any well
gathered by thiit lme .

4.5 An RER calculation may be used lo reduce the RER prov1ded the
calculation is b<.~sed upon the pipeline di<ll11Cier, t1uid composition.
temperature. amJ maximum shul-ln pressure. The results shall he
approved by the Chief Engineer of the pipeline owner and the HC IS.

4. 6 -Regardless of calcul;1tion s. RERs shall not be less than the values spec ified
m section 4. 1 nor greater th;-~n the values specified in sections 4 .2 and 4.3
for the respective pipeline di:.uneters.

5. POPULATION DENSITY ANALYSIS

The following paragraphs s upersede i·equirements in ASME B3 J .4 an<..! ASME 831.8

pert<~inin g to the populatiorl den s lty in<..lex :

5.1 The boundaries of areas in which development .is present or planned

within the RER ol' the pipeline shall be indicated by the pipeline owner.

5.2 The population density index for a pipeline is the sum or the existing
de ns ity index an<..! vinual de nsity index values for each section of the line
and shall be used ~I s the design basis of the line.

5. 3 Buildings having more than four occupied stories shall be in cluded in the
density index as a number of equ ivalent build ings. T he number of
equivalent buildings shall be cdculated by di vidin g the number of stories
in those bpildin gs by three en
and rounding up the who le number.

5.4 The existing density index for a locati on s hall be determined l'rom a count
of the number o f build ings lying within the RER of the pipeline.

- c.l -
 (a) i\n exist mg density index sbail be calculated for each specific I
kilometer (0.6 mile) section of ptpelinc.
(h) To dcterrllttK tile cX t \l tn g density index for a pipeline. est;tb li sh ''
zone one RER wtdc to each stdc of the pipeline. Dtvidc the
pipeline and associated RER zone into I kilometer (0.6 mile)
long .'itction.'> . Count the number of' buildings and equivalent
buildings lll each of the -.;cction:--.. Thi s whole number count i:--. the
ex1sting J kilometer density index for the sc1:lton.

5.5 In areas where development ts planned. the estimated number and fu nct ion
o f future buildings are used to determine the virtual density index:

(d) !-\ virtual dens11y index sh;tll be calculated for each specific
kilometer (0.6 mile) ot pipeline.
(b) To determine the virtual density index of a pipe line. e.\tablish a
zone one (I J RER wide to co.1ch stele of the pipeline route . Divtdc
the pipcl tne and assoc iated RER zone into I kilometer (0.6 mile)
long <;CC I!Ol1\.
(c) Calculate- the land <II'C;I in .-.;qu;trc meters or any planned
dcvelopmclll which IS included within the zo ne.
(d) Multiply the 1ncludcd area by 0.00075 (exactly) and round up.
The resulting whole number is the vtnual density index for this
sect ion.

5.6 Temporary fac ilities which will be 111 place for less than six (6)
consecutive months sha ll not be tncludcd in these calculations.

5.7 The extent o f RER ;_ones. the boundaries between Jocat10n class areas. and
the location class destgnation shaJI be marked on plan drawmgs.
Additionally, the popul<ttion density index for each l kilometer (0.6 mile)
nf' pi pel inc sh<ll I be provided on a Iist ing in aIl pi pel inc projec t proposals.

6. PIPELINE LOCATION CLASSIFICATION

6. l Class I: Class locations are unde ve loped areas for which the
population dens it y index''' for <my I kilometer (0.6 mile) section is ten ( 10)
o r less.

Class 2: C lass 2 locations arc areas for which the population densi ty
index* is eleven (I l) through thiny (30) or which incl ude primary or
secondary highways a:-. ddincd by the Ministry of Commun ications.

-5-
 Cla . . s }· Class 3 lucallon . . arc areas for whtch the population density
111dcx ·1: i" more than lhiny (W)

Class 4: Class 4 locations arc arc;ts in which a schooL huspital, hoteL

pnson , shopprng n1all or snnilar retail complex is located. as well as Class
3 <lrc<Js which include buildings of more than four (4) occupied Ooor.s.

·r N ot~: For population density inuex. refer to Section 5.2.

6.2 No pipclme ha vmg ;1 diameter of greate t· than 24 inches shall be permiucd

\vithin 1000 meters (3280 ft)uf any hospitaL school or university.

6.3 Drainage for pipelines loctted \.vJlhui 400 mete rs ( 1300 fl) of residential
areas and with htgh ropul<ttion dcnsittes (CI:1ss J and 4 locations) s hall be
ucslgncd 10 prevent liquids frotll traveling toward those <lrcas.

6.4 Continued surve illance by the p1pebne owner should be maintained for
CXISting and COmpleted ripehncs tO determine if <ldditional buildings,
intended for hunwn occupancy. have been constructed within a Location
C'la"s

7. DESIGN PRESSURE

7. I Design '>hall meet the slanclards ~pecilied tn ASi\,1E BJ 1.4 and ASME
B31.8.

7.2 The des1gn pressure used to determine the minimum pipe wall tbickne~s as
required by AS ME 13314 and ASME B31.8 in location Class 3 and 4
7.uncs shall be established hy dctermming the maximum expected surge
pressure from a ~inglc cont ingency. such as Inadvertent closure of a valve.
or failure of a sens in g. or regulating device. Self-<lctivated surge protection
.sysle ms. il provided. shall bt: assumC'U to operate as intended. to mitigate
the ~inglc worst contingency

7.3 Surge analysis shall be made for liquid-packed services. Surge protection
systems shall be jnstJilcd tf surge pressures arc calculated to exceed llO%
o f the maximum allow~tble o perating pressure.

7.3. 1 Surge protection systems sh<lll inc lude duplicate critical sub-
assemblies suflicicnt to overcome s ingle-mode system failures .

7.].2 An rn stallcd srxtrc "urge relie f valve is required for each s urge
protection system .

7 .J. "J Smgc protect ton syo.;tcms s hall he of fail-safe design .

. 6 -
X. SCRAPER LA{JNCHER AND nECEIVEn INSTALLATIONS

8. 1 All pi peli nes passing through loc ation Class 3 o r 4 zones )hall have
appropriate connecuons fo r either permanent or temporary scraper
lau nc hers and recet vcrs.

Within producing area s scraper connccttons are not required on flo wlines.
trunklines. test lines. and dry gas lift l:nes.

9. PIPELINE CORRIDORS

<).I All pipelines shall be placed in <.lcstgnatcd corridors. which <tre a minimum
of 60 meters (200 fll wide. A pipeline corridor constit utes an exclusive
land use are;1 l o r pqJC iinc rcl <llcd <tctiv!lies: no other uses <tre alJ owcd.
except a~ spec ificall y addressed herein.

Within producin g areas. n o wlines. trunklincs. test lines. and dry gas lift
lines w ith diameters of 24 rnches or less . sh;d.l lt avc a minimum corridor
width of 6.5 meters (2 I ft ).

<J.l. l Where the pipel ine will c ross the right of way {ROW ) bc longtng to
others. approval shall he obtained frotn the HCIS and concerned
authorities hc fore any deve lopment takes place.

9. 1.2 With approval of the !!C IS and the pipeline owner. an owner's
pipel ine c o rndor may be used for nonowner fiber optic o r o the r
commumcation cables placed paralle l to the pi peline. Pipeline
corridors may be used for fiher o ptic o r other commu nication
cables placed para llel to tile pipct:nc if used solely for the pipeline
owne r's ope rational purposes.

92 The minimum c lear space between <lny pipel: ne and the corridor bo undary
s hall be 30 me ters ( I 00 ft).

Within produc ing areas. for flowlines, trun klines. test lines. and d r y gas Jifl
lines with diamete rs o f 24 inches or less. the minimum clear space
between any pipeline and the corrido r boundary shal t be l meter (3.3 fl).

9. 3 Spacing or parallel burled pipelines shall be as follows:

9.3. 1 Every pipe line must have a minimum clearance of 15 mete rs (50ft)
on one s ide.

-7-
 'J.3 .2 \Vithin producing aH.:as, t1owlines. trunklines , test line::;, and dry
gas lift lines with di:nneters 24 inches or less must have <l
minimum clearance of 4 .S meters (IS ft) on one side for
m;tintcnance vehicle <Jccess. Within 450 meters ( 1500 !"!)of" ;1 plant
fence. this m1nimum c learance i.-. not required. nor is 11 required at
pipeline crossings . ue -111~ . or for shon sections .less than 20 meters
(66 ft"l 1n lcnglh.

9 .3.3 . Two pipelines may be located near one ao(..Jl her prov1ded that <i
mmirnum clearance equal 10 the greater of the following is
maintained between them :

al One meter (3 . .1 ft ) or.

bl Twice the diameter of the larger pipe.

0 .3.4 The corr1dor shall be graded and/or bcrmcd to drain any spillage
from a rupture of the pipeline a~ovay from the pipdme itself. roads.
bndges . rtyovers. or <JilY other adjacent structure.

tJ .tl Whe re p1pclinc a1HI powcrlinc corrido1 .'- cross. the horizontal angle of
inte rsection -;hc:dl l>e within forty- five (45) to one hundred <llld thirty five
( J 35) angut<Jr degrees for powerlines o perating at 69 kV and above .

9.4.1 In case the angles rn 9.4 cannot be met. an Jnalysis of no rmal and
transient voltages sh<Jll be made <lnd the requirements of paragraph
9.4.3 shall be met.

l).~.2 The mirnmum hmri',ontal separation bctwct.:n any pipeline and the
poles o r structure o r overhead powerlines shall be 30 meters ( 100
ft) for powc rlinc.s operating at 69 k V ;md above.

9.4.3 The following minimum spacings between a pipeline and J parallel

overhead powerline shall be n1aintained . ('up to' means 'up to and
including· ).

For :my volt;tge, greater th:m 69 k V. paralle I for more

than 1.6 km (I mile) 150m
Up l() 230 kV. par;lllel for less than 1.6 km (I rnile) 30m
Up to 500 kV. par;dlcl for less than 1.6 km ( I mile) SOrn
Up to 1000 kV , parallel for less than 1.6 km ( 1 mile) 85111

9.4--J.I Induced voltages in pipelines and communication cables

shall not exceed twelve volt s ( 12v ) unde r normal steady
slate conditjons. Under fault conditions, mduced
voltages shall not e xceed the values calculated for
fonnul<r\ in AS ME/IEEE Standard 80. The need for an

-X-
 analy~1s of normal and transient voltages shall bt:
detl'rnllned hy the pipe line owner.

9.4.4 The minJmum vertical clearance. measured from grade . of

overhead powerlinc conductors at pipeline crossi ngs shall be 9
meters (30ft ) for powcrJincs operating at 210 k V or less. and 13.5
meters t45 fl) for powerlines operating at ove r 230 k V.

9.5 Underground cab les crossing the pipeline corridors shall do so by rncans
of a concrete <.luct bank. The n11nimurn vertJcal distance betwee n tlJc
bottom of any pipe ;lJld the: to p of the duct bank shall be J meter (3.3 ft) .
The concrete duct bank shall be continuous. ;md at the same elevat ion
across the full width of the corridor. There shall be no servicing points f or
cables within the pipe li ne corridor except where the cables belong to tbe
pipel ine owner, whe n ca ble servi ci ng poinb shall be no closer than 25
meters (82 ft ) lO any ptpcline in Lhc corridor.

9.6 Pi ping c rossing pipeli ne corridors sh;ll l cross pipelines in a ma nner such
that the vertical distance between pipeline .-;urfaces is <.ll least 0.5 meters
( 1.5 [(). Unless belonging to the: owner of the corridor, the pip1ng shall
have no servicing po int ~ within the pipeline corridor.

97 Pipe lines shall not be laid under any road/expressway except for crossing.
The crossing should be at right n ng lc~ to the mad/expressway, but shall not
be at an angle o f lcs~ than 45''. Where a new pipeline crosses a n ex isting
road/ex prcsswuy. it shall be buried directly in the ground or it may be
cased. The di<l metcr of the cas ing s hall not he less than the outside
diameter of the pipe plus four inches (4"). The minimum depth of cover
of n pipeline al the road/expressway shall be I .2 meters (4 ft). Reduction
in Lhis depth may. in consultation with the: HCTS. be acceptable. provided
it is su pported by calculattons o f load .-.; tress based on type of soil ;mel
frequency and type of Lrallic. Crossings shall he designed for the highest
total loading expcctccJ. Records shal l be kept of these design C<.J lculations
and shall be made available Lo the HClS on demand. If it is in tended to
foll ow the route of a road/expressway, the pipeline shall be laid in a
corndor to one side o f the road/ex pressway. The pipeline shall not be less
than 100 meters (330 ft) J'romthe center of the road/ex pressway.

9.8 Where a new road cros.s cs an existing pipeline. the road shall be carried hy
a Oyover. Allern<.Jtivc crossings. such as by casing, hy culvert , or by direct
buriul , may be <.lCceptablc following consul tation with the HCIS. Access
and egress for opcratJon, maintenance and inspection vehicles shall be
provided to the pipeline right of way (ROW) within 1000 meters (3280 fL)
of the cross ing.

- t) -
 9.8.1 Should culvcns be used . the minimum spacing between any
pipe ;md the overhe;td or side portions of the culver! shou ld be
1.5 time~ the prpc diameters. but in no cose shall it be less than
I meter !1.3 rtl .

<J.9 AI road/expressway crossings the pipeline shall be protected agamst

vehicle collision and damage by means of suitable traffic barriers.

0 . 10 Crossings shall be designed for the highest tot<t! loading expected.

Radway loadings shall be based un three (3) cross lies. each carrying sixty-
five (65) me tric tons (seventy two 02) short tons).

9.1 I Casings shall be used for all railroad crossi ngs.

10 PIPELINE VALVES

10. 1 Scctionolizing block valves and e mergency isolnti on valves shall be

installed in accordance with ASME 831.4 and ASME B 3l .H .

I 0.2 Emergency Iso lation valves shall be installed be tween pipeline sec110ns of:

-location CJ;•ss I and Class},

location C lJss I and C lass 4,
location Class 2 and Class 3.
location Class 2 and C l <~ss 4. and
locati on C l<~ss 3 a nd Class 4.

Exception: In producing areas for flowlines. trunklincs. test lines, <1nd dry
gas lift lines with diameters or 24 inches or less. e mergency isolntion
valves arc not requ ired.

I 0. 3 All required emergency i ~olation v;tl ves shall be installed within the lower
locJtio n Class <~t least the RER di,, t:mcc beyond the boundary between the
Cl J SS areas.

I 0.4 The extension o l' ;1 pipeline section of higher strength ASME locati on
C lass design into a lower locatiOn Class area beyond the required RER
distance i:-- permissible to minrmizc the numbe r of emerge ncy .Isol<lti on
va lves.

I 0 .5 Adjustments in pipe line wall thickness shall comply with ASME 83!.4
and B11.8. Where an emergency isolation valve is req uired . a ch;.lllgc in
ASME location Class design c;m on ly be made at the e merge ncy isolation
v;dvc.

- I0 -
 10.6 The e mergency isolat1on valves for location Class 3 and 4 area shall be
fitted for remote pressure moniloring and c los ure activation c:1pahil ity
from a manned control Llcllity.

10.7 The e mergency isolation valve closure rate shall be determined by the
p1pel ine \,surge ch;lr<Jctcnstic'>. but total closing time shall not exceed len
( 10) minutes.

II. llURIAL OF PIPELINES DURING INSTALLATION

! l .l In general , all major cross-country pipelines carry1ng crude oil. gas or

hydrocarbon products shall be buncd and the original ground surface
restored or graded. Pipelines shall be laid in virgin ground with a
mjnimum depth o f cover of 2 meters t6.6 ft). If there are engmeering or
economic considerations which justify exceptions to these requirements.
such as unstnble or rockv sod conditions or corros ive environments.
alternative installati on methods may be cons idered with less cover if
additional protection is provided to withstand anticipated e xternal lo<.~d,
and to minll1l1 7.c damage to the pipe by externill forces; however. aJl
v<.~rianccs must first be arprovcd by the HCIS.

I J.2 The pipeline shall be laid in a bed of sand or other fine grain material. The
bed shall be 1.5 time~ the nominal diameter of the pipeline. Adeq uate
pipeline location rn<.~rkcrs. indicating caution for the protection o f the
piretinc. the public. and persons performing work in rhe area. shall be
installed o ve r eac h line on each side of the road. highway. railroad <.~nd
stream crossin gs. and the frequency of the locatio n markers shou ld be
increased in areas of high populatton dcnstt y.

11.3 Backfill shall he free of material that may d;11nagc coatings of steel casings
or ca rrier pipe. Backfill shall be placed in layers 0.3 meter (I ft) o r less.

I J .4 At road crossings . the road pavement and subbase shall be res tored. The
surface s hall be compacted <md fini shed Oush with the <.~djoi ning
rave menl.

! 2. TESTING AND INSPECTION

12. 1 All carrier pipes shall be visually inspected prior to installatio n.

J 2.2 We lds in carrier pipes shall be insrectecl by nondestructive test methods

prior to installation.

. II -
 12.3 Throughout tnstallation. the welding quality should be c hecked 10
<Kcordancc with ASME 13~ I 4 and ASME 831 X

13. CORROSION PROTECTION

13.1 The pipe line shall be protected from corros.ion by the application .of an
appropri<.~te external coati ng· system such as fusion bonded epoxy and by
c;.ithodic protection.

! 3. I. I The volt<.~gc on the pipeline shall be continuously monitored for

potenttal and polarity.

13.2 Casing ... welded to cMri er pipes shall be cons'tdcred part of the pipeline.

13 ..1 A separate system for cathmltc protection shall be used for casi ngs
insul ated from the cc1rricr line . .

I,, PIPELINE OPERATION

14. I ·r:he pipeline shall 110t be operated outside the c ntena used in its design.
and shall bt> maintained at all tm1es tn ·a full y operatiOnal condition.

14 2 The ptpcli nc shall be inspected regularly for th.c effects of corrosion <.~nd
erosion. When the design limits are reached, the affected portion of rhe
pipeline shall be taken mu of se rvtce. Records of 111aintenance and
replacement ite!l1s shall be kept available for inspection by the HCIS on
demand.

l 5. ABANDONED PIPELINES

15.1 In the event or abanclontng ;1 pipeline. it is required that:

15.1.1 Facilitie:-; to be abandoned in place shal l be disconnected from all

sources of liquid or gas. such as other pipelines. crossover piping.
meter stations and control lines.

l 5. 1.2 Facilities tu be abandoned in pl;lCe shall be purged of the transport

liquid or gas wi th an inert nwtcri;d .

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16. CLEARANCE FROM KNOWN HAZARDS

I <LI With the exception of produL·ing lines. pipelines shall no t be closer to the
follow ing haz;.~rdous locations than the distances g iven below:

I h. I . I 011 wells. gas we lls. and g;t.~/od sc p;.~rat i on plams (GOSPs), except f or
terminati on <II the COSP or \veil l OOm

16.1 .2 Pressure crude prpclines (nllnirnum .~pactn g between any two pipelines
should be twr cc.: th e ur;.uncrcr of the larger prpc. but in no case lcs~ rhan I ::i 111
lml (Qncstdeonly.l

16 I 1, Nawral gas or LPG pipelines (mrnunum spac rn g between <my two

prpelines should bl: tw ice the ~.l!a mctc r of the larger pipe. but 111 no
case less than lm) (One side only.) 15m

I() 1.4 t\tmosphenc crude fl owlines

(al helow ground 15111
(b) exceptron, 9.3.2 w ithrn producing areas 4.5m

16.1 ..') nuncd Jllpdrnc and )!_rl)llllcl narc or huntprt. I ') m

I <1. 1.6 Ele vated flare stack. over 50 fl. ()Om

I (>.1. 7 Oil/water separat or.'>.

1-l yurocarbon proccs.~ rng areas. 45m

16.1 .<.J Explosive and cap~uk storage areas. 5000m

16.1 10 Gas bottltng and storage areas. 1500rn

16.1 . 11 A irrietd. except for tcrmi nat ion at the airfield. 4 50m

16. 1.12 R<Jdio. televi~ion. and microwave tower~ in support of pipel ine
uperattons. (Towers unrelated to pipdincs to be located outside the
pipeline corndor. l 15m

16 1.13 Main railway or ~pur line. 60rn

16. 1.14 Sewer. I Om

U nderground power c1blc (except where crossin g the pipeline). 4111

16. 1. 16 U ndcrground Iiqu id hyd roc arbon storage tank.

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