QUALIFICATION WELDING PROCEDURE, and

WELDERS
Section 5 Qualification of Welding Procedure with
Filler metal Addition

Scope.
This section applies to the qualification of welding procedure using
manual welding and semiautomatic welding using filler metal
addition. Section 12 applies qualification of welding procedure
using mechanized welding with filler metal addition. Section 13
applies qualification of welding procedure using automatic without
filler metal addition.
The welding procedure shall address all specific information
as follows:
1. Process
2. Material
3. Diameter and Wall Thickness
4. Joint Design
5. Filler Metal, Flux, and Number of Beads
6. Electrical Characteristic
7. Flame Characteristic
8. Position
9. Direction of Welding
10. Time Between Passes
The welding procedure shall address all specific information
as follows: (Cont’d)
11. Type and Removal of Lineup Clamp
12. Cleaning and/or Grinding
13. Preheat and Postweld Heat Treatment
14. Shielding Gas and Flow Rate
15. Shielding Flux
16. Speed of Travel
17. Method of Cooling After Welding

All information above shall address as in sample welding

procedure form. (Next Slide)
Sample Form (page 10 & 11) of API 1104
A welding procedure shall be re-established as new welding procedure
specification and shall be completely re-qualified when any of essential variable
listed are changed.
The essential variable as follows:
1. Welding process or Method of Application
2. Base metal (see 5.4.2.2)
3. Joint Design (see 5.4.2.3)
4. Position (see 5.4.2.4)
5. Wall Thickness (see 5.4.2.5)
6. Filler Metal (see 5.4.2.6)
7. Electrical Characteristic (see 5.4.2.7)
8. Time Between Passes (see 5.4.2.8)
9. Direction of Welding (see 5.4.2.9)
10. Shielding Gas and Flow Rate (see 5.4.2.10)
11. Shielding Flux (see 5.4.2.11)
12. Speed of Travel (see 5.4.2.12)
13. Preheat (see 5.4.2.13)
14. PWHT (see 5.4.2.14)
Preparation
The test specimens shall be cut from the joint at the location shown in Fig. 3. The
minimum number of test specimens and the test to which they shall be subjected are
given in Table 2. Pipe less than 2.375 in (60.3 mm) OD, two test weld shall be
performed to obtain required number of test specimens.

Tensile Test
Full thickness tensile strength test shall be either of type shown in Fig. 4.
a) Standard Specimen see Fig. 4(a)
b) Reduce Section Specimen see Fig. 4(b)

Method of tensile test

The tensile strength test specimen shall be broken under tensile load.
Requirements (acceptance criteria)
1. Tensile strength of weld shall be greater than or equal to the specified minimum
tensile strength of the pipe. If specimen broken at parent metal tensile strength
not less than 95% of specified minimum tensile strength of pipe.
2. If specimen broken at weld metal or heat effective zone, the tensile strength
shall be greater than or equal to the specified minimum tensile strength of pipe.
Nick Break
Nick brake specimen shall be accordance with Fig. 5.
Method of nick break test
The nick break specimen shall be broken through the weld by any convenient
method (i.e. Pulling, Bending, or striking). The exposed area of the fracture
shall be at least ¾ in. (19 mm) wide.
Requirements (acceptance criteria)
1. The expose surface of each nick brake specimen shall show complete penetration
and fusion.
2. Maximum dimension any gas pocket shall not exceed 1/16 in. (1.6 mm), the
combined gas pockets shall not exceed 2% of the exposed surface area.
3. Slag inclusion shall not be more 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) in depth and shall not be
more than 1/8 in. (3 mm) or one-half the specified wall thickness in length,
whichever is smaller. There shall be at least ½ in. (13 mm) separation between
adjacent slag inclusion of any size.
Root and Face Bend
Root and Face bend specimen shall be in accordance with Fig. 7 and their long edges
shall be round. The cover and root bead reinforcements shall be remove flush with the
surface of the specimen. The specimen shall not be flattened prior to testing.
Method of root and face bend test
The root and face bend specimen shall be bent in a guide bend test jig Fig. 8 the
centre of weld shall be placed in midspan. The plunger shall be forced into the gap
until curvature of specimen is approx. U shape.
Requirements (acceptance criteria)
1. The bend test consider acceptable, If no crack or other imperfection exceeding
1/8 in. (3 mm) or one-half the specified wall thickness, whichever is smaller.
2. Crack occurred on the outer radius of bend along the edges of the specimen
during testing and that are less than ¼ in. (6 mm), measure in any direction,
shall not be considered unless obvious imperfections are observed.
Side Bend
Side bend specimen shall be in accordance with Fig. 9 and their long edges shall be
round. The cover and root bead reinforcements shall be remove flush with the surface
of the specimen.
Method of side bend test
The side bend specimen shall be bent in a guide bend test jig Fig. 8 the centre of weld
shall be placed in midspan. The plunger shall be forced into the gap until curvature of
specimen is approx. U shape.
Requirements (acceptance criteria)
1. The bend test consider acceptable, If no crack or other imperfection exceeding
1/8 in. (3 mm) or one-half the specified wall thickness, whichever is smaller.
2. Crack occurred on the outer radius of bend along the edges of the specimen
during testing and that are less than ¼ in. (6 mm), measure in any direction,
shall not be considered unless obvious imperfections are observed.
General
Purpose of the welder qualification test is to determine ability of welders to
make sound butt or filled welds using previously qualified procedures.
Before any production welding is performed, welder shall be qualified
according to the applicable requirements of 6.2 through 6.8.

Single qualification
The welder shall make a butt weld in either rolled or fix position. when the
welder qualifying fix position, the axis of the pipe shall be horizontal,
vertical or inclined from horizontal at an angel of not more than 450.
A welder making single qualification test for branch connection, filled
weld, or other similar configuration shall follow specific welding
procedure.

Multiple qualification
For multiple qualification see 6.3
Essential variable
1. Change of welding process.
2. Change of weld direction from vertical up hill to vertical down hill or
vice versa.
3. Change of filler metal classification.
4. Change from one specified OD group to another. The group as follow:
1. Specified OD less than 2.375 in. (60.3 mm)
2. Specified OD from 2.375 in. (60.3 mm) through 12.750 in. (323.9 mm)
3. Specified OD greater than 12.750 in. (323.9 mm)
5. Change from one specified wall thickness to another. The group as
follow:
1. Specified pipe wall thickness less than 0.188 in. (4.8 mm)
2. Specified pipe wall thickness from 0.188 in. (4.8 mm) through 0.75 in. (19.1 mm)
3. Specified pipe wall thickness greater than 0.75 in. (19.1 mm)
6. Change in position (e.g. from Rolled to Fixed or from Vertical to
Horizontal or vice versa)
7. Change in joint design (e.g. elimination of a backing strip or form V
bevel to U bevel
Visual Examination

Test weld shall meet visual examination

 Weld shall be free from cracks, inadequate penetration and burn-through

 Depth of undercut shall not more than 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) or 12.5% of pipe
wall thickness, whichever is smaller and shall not more than 2 in. (50 mm)
of undercutting in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld.
Destructive Test
Sampling of test Butt Welds
Sample shall be cut from each test weld. The location shall be in
accordance with Fig. 12 and required sample shall be in accordance
with Table. 3
Tensile strength, Nick break, and Bend test procedures
The Specimen shall be prepared and tested in accordance with 5.6.
The tensile strength of test coupon is not necessary to be calculated.
Tensile Strength test requirement
The specimen either full section or reduced section break in the weld
metal or the junction of weld metal and parent material shall be met
requirement of 5.6.3.3. If welder fall from the requirement shall be
disqualified.
Destructive Test (Cont’d)
Nick Break test requirement
If any specimen shows imperfection that exceed requirement allowed
by 5.6.3.3, The welder shall be disqualified.
Bend test requirement
If any specimen shows imperfection that exceed requirement allowed
by 5.6.4.3 or 5.6.5.3, The welder shall be disqualified.
Sampling of Test Fillet Weld
Sample shall be cut from each test weld. The location shall be in
accordance with Fig. 10
Test method and requirements for fillet welds
The filled weld specimens shall be prepared and the test shall be
performed as described in 5.8
Nondestructive Testing (Butt welds only)
General
At the company’s option, the qualification butt weld may be examine
by radiography or automatic ultrasonic testing using qualified NDT
procedure in lieu of the test specified in 6.5
Inspection Requirement
When RT is utilized, RT shall be made of each of the test welds. The
welder shall be disqualified if any test weld do not meet requirements
of 9.3.
When automatic UT is utilized, each of the test welds shall be fully
examine. The welder shall be disqualified if any test weld do not meet
requirements of 9.6.
Records
A record shall be maintained of the test given to each welder and of the
detailed results of each test. A form similar to that shown in figure 2 should
be used. A list of qualified welders and the procedures for which they are
qualified shall be maintained.

A welder may be required to re-qualify if a question arises about the weder

competence.