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Arduino DC Motor Control Using L298N Motor Driver

This document discusses controlling a DC motor using an Arduino and an L298N motor driver. It explains how PWM signals can be used to control motor speed by varying the duty cycle. The circuit diagram shows how an Arduino connects to an L298N module to control both speed and direction of a DC motor. Applications include robotics projects that require motor control.

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496 views

Arduino DC Motor Control Using L298N Motor Driver

This document discusses controlling a DC motor using an Arduino and an L298N motor driver. It explains how PWM signals can be used to control motor speed by varying the duty cycle. The circuit diagram shows how an Arduino connects to an L298N module to control both speed and direction of a DC motor. Applications include robotics projects that require motor control.

Uploaded by

SONA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arduino DC Motor Control using L298N Motor Driver

In this project, we will see how to control a DC Motor using Arduino and L298N Motor Driver.
There are different ways to control a DC Motor but the Arduino DC Motor Control using L298N
Motor Driver is becoming quite popular for many reasons.

Overview:
A DC Motor is the simplest of motors that beginners and hobbyists encounter. It is very simple to operate:
connect the two leads of the motor to the two terminals of a battery and voila! Your motor starts rotating.
If you switch the leads i.e. reverse the polarity, the motor will rotate in reverse direction. It is as simple as
that.
If you want to control the speed of rotation of a simple DC Motor, then there is a technique called PWM
DC Motor Control. The Pulse Width Modulation or PWM signal generated by this technique will allow
us to control the average voltage that is being delivered to the DC Motor.

Speed Control of DC Motor using PWM:


Using PWM technique, the average value of the voltage that is applied to the DC Motor is controlled by
turning the power on and off at a very high rate. The frequency of this switching will be in the order of
few tens of kilo Hertz.
Now, the average voltage applied to the DC Motor will depend on what is called as the Duty Cycle of the
PWM Signal. Duty Cycle of a PWM Signal is nothing but the ratio of the time for which the signal is ON
or HIGH to the total time period of the signal i.e. sum of ON time and OFF time.
Duty Cycle is usually expressed in percent and the following figure represents different PWM Signals of
a 12V supply with different duty cycles of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively.
The PWM Signal from any source like Arduino in this example, can be given to the gate of a MOSFET
and depending on the duty cycle of the PWM Signal, the speed of the DC Motor will vary.

Arduino DC Motor Control using L298N:


We will now see a simple circuit where we control the speed and direction of a DC Motor using Arduino
and L298N IC. You need few additional components for this project and the complete list is given below.
In the Arduino DC Motor Control using L298N Project, we will control both the functionalities of a
simple DC Motor i.e. speed and direction of rotation using a combination of PWM Signal and L298N (H-
Bridge).

A Brief Note on L298N Motor Driver:


L298N Motor Driver IC is a 15-lead high voltage, high current Motor Driver IC with two full bridge
drivers. The logic levels of L298N IC are compatible with standard TTL and IC can be used to drive
different inductive loads like DC Motors, Stepper Motors, Relay, etc.
The following image shows the Pin Diagram of the L298N IC in Multiwatt Package (Multi Leaded Power
Package).

Since the L298N Motor Driver IC is a dual full bridge driver IC, you can control two motors at the same
time with individual inputs. The logic supply voltage is 5V but the motor supply voltage can be as high as
45V. The peak output current per channel is 2A.
Circuit Diagram:

Components Required:
 Arduino UNO
 L298N Motor Driver Module
 12V DC Motor
 100KΩ Potentiometer
 Push Button
 12V Power Supply
 Breadboard
 Connecting Wire

Applications:
 Arduino DC Motor Control using L298N Motor Driver project can be the beginning step of many
advanced projects.
 Almost all robots have wheels and we need to control the motors connected to those wheels.
Hence, any Arduino based robot can implement this type of motor control using L298N.
 Some of the Robotic Applications of L298N Motor Driver are Hand Gesture Controlled Robot,
Line Follower Robot, Obstacle Avoiding Robot, etc.

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