COMMS 1 - REVIEWER

1. It is the scientist who is engaged in the study in the field of

acoustics 20. How long that a GPS satellite completes its orbit? 38. What is the distance which needs a repeater in the microwave
ANSWER: Acoustician ANSWER: 12 hrs communication
ANSWER: 40 km
2. Who coined the term "cyberspace?" 21. What is the other term for parity check?
ANSWER: William Gibson ANSWER: Vertical Redundancy Check 39. Terrestrial microwave antennas has an input and output
impedance of ________ ohms.
3. For educational purposes, who is the person who first 22. What is the other name for single button microphone? ANSWER: 50
discovered/ invented the telephone? ANSWER: Carbon Button
ANSWER: Antonio Meucci 40. Radio format that uses Mpeg 4 video compression
23. Instrument that is used in measuring the virtual height of ANSWER: Divx
4. What is the frequency of the middle C? ionosphere
ANSWER: 262 Hz ANSWER: Ionosonde 41. What is the typical value of velocity factor of an open wire
transmission line?
5. What is the frequency of the upper side/ above middle C? 24. An instrument used to measure relative height, layers in the ANSWER: 0.9
ANSWER: 524 Hz ionosphere regarding wave propagation?
ANSWER: Ionosonde 42. Type of resistor use to reduced flicker noise voltage (0.02 to 0.2
6. It is the loudness level (in PHON) of a watch ticking. mV)
ANSWER: 20 PHON 25. In a trapezoid modulation, 100% modulation will result to what ANSWER: metal film
waveform?
7. What is the maximum limit time of exposure on sound levels ANSWER: triangular waveform 43. In 2002, a standard for (BWA) Broadband Wireless Access was
between 100 dB and 110 dB? introduced and in the IEEE standard it is more commonly
ANSWER: 20 minutes 26. It is the type of navigation that is based in Newton's Law of known as 802.16. This also refers to
motion ANSWER: WiMax
8. What is the colloquial name for the term "Thin Ethernet"? ANSWER: Inertial Navigation
ANSWER: Cheapernet 44. The current digital video specification that used video
27. What type of navigation system that currently used in aircraft, compression
9. Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS) operates at what submarines, spacecraft and guided missiles. ANSWER: MPEG 4
frequency range? ANSWER: Inertial Navigation System
ANSWER: 27 - 31 GHz 45. 802.15.4 also known as
28. What is the successor of Bluetooth? ANSWER: Zigbee
10. A video signal that has no sync signal is what you called ANSWER: Lisbon
ANSWER: Non-composite Video Signal 46. In radio communication, what is the point on a line between the
29. What is the successor of Bluetooth after Lisbon? earth’s center and an observer, located further from the earth’s
11. It is the gas that is used in jet engines. ANSWER: Seattle center on a point?
ANSWER: Hydrazine ANSWER: Nadir
30. Carrier freq is also known as
12. A satellite is put into final geosynchronous orbit from its transfer ANSWER: rest freq 47. A camera tube that is formed from lead oxide (PbO)
orbit by firing the __________. ANSWER: Plumbicon
ANSWER: apogee kick motor 31. Who developed the superheterodyne receiver
ANSWER: Edwin Armstrong 48. What part of visible spectrum where camera pick up that has
13. A terrestrial communications channel linking an earth station to the greatest output?
a local switching network or population center 32. When the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction, ANSWER: Yellow Green
ANSWER: Backhaul the light in the fiber optics is in what direction 49. In a telephone channel, if the total via net loss of a given trunk
ANSWER: along the normal path circuits exceeds approximately 2.5 dB, a device known as
14. Polytetrafluoroethylene is also known as ___________ is inserted.
ANSWER: Teflon 33. What refers to the sampling of analog signal using a sample ANSWER: Echo Suppressor
and hold circuit, such that the sample has the same amplitude
15. For SSB transmitter, the average power is typically for its whole duration 50. In CMTS, the frequency separation between forward and
__________ of the peak envelope power, with a typical human ANSWER: flat top sample reverse channel is
speech ANSWER: 45 MHz
ANSWER: ¼ to 1/3 34. What is the antenna height of a CB (Citizen Band) radio?
ANSWER: 60 ft above the ground and 20 above the 51. Helical antennas are often used for satellite tracking at VHF
16. It is often called text messaging, is a means of sending short building because of the
messages to and from mobile phones. ANSWER: Faraday effect
ANSWER: The Short Message Service (SMS) 35. What is the nearest star in the solar system
ANSWER: proxima centauri 52. What formula is used to calculate the overall noise performance
17. North American type of sound file as a substitute for MP3 if receiver or of multiple state of RF amplification?
ANSWER: AC-3 Dolby 36. A rocket has two satellites, the smaller will continue to propel in ANSWER: Friis Formula
the space after the bigger satellite has been launched. What do
18. A table showing the pre-calculated position of satellite at any you call this bigger satellite 53. What is IEEE standard for WiFi?
given time ANSWER: initial payload ANSWER: 802.11b
ANSWER: Ephemeris
37. What antenna is used in radar? 54. High definition TV picture contains about 5 times as much info
19. How many Horizontal scanning lines are there in HDTV? ANSWER: horn with parabolic reflector which rotates 360 as the present NTSC TV.
ANSWER: 1125 degree
COMMS 1 - REVIEWER
55. Communication antenna used with rotating satellite which the ANSWER: 0.1μV to 3.0 μV ANSWER: red LED
antenna is continuously adjusted with respect to the satellite so
that the antenna illuminates a certain part of the earth surface. 72. The typical excess noise (flicker noise) for carbon film resistor? 89. In color CRT, what refers to adjustment of the three electron
ANSWER: Despun antenna ANSWER: 0.05 μV to 0.3 μV beam so that each lens can phosphor dots on the appropriate
color?
56. An acoustic scale whose intervals are exactly consonant 73. The typical excess noise (flicker noise) for metal film resistor? ANSWER: purity
ANSWER: diatonic ANSWER: 0.02 μV to 0.2 μV
90. What is considered as the simplest transmitter keyed on and
57. What is the typical value of velocity factor of a twin lead 74. The typical excess noise (flicker noise) for wire-wound resistor? off to produce CW Morse code?
transmission line? ANSWER: 0.01 μV to 0.2μV ANSWER: oscillator
ANSWER: 0.8
75. EDGE produces a 3-bit word for every change in carrier 91. How many orbital planes which are equally spaced around the
58. What is the typical value of velocity factor of a open wire phase equator in GPS operational constellation?
transmission line? ANSWER: 6
ANSWER: 0.9 76. Bit stuffing in the HDLC protocol works by transmitting on the 92. What may cause ionic disturbance characterized by rapid
sending side five consecutive 1's from the body of the message cluttering sound hence voice communication is poor?
59. Radio blackout on the entire sunlit side of the Earth lasting for and by inserting 0 before transmitting the next bit. ANSWER: Aurora borealis
a number of hours
ANSWER: R5 77. Magic T is also known as 93. The mandatory 24 ship-to-shore communications from 1910 to
ANSWER: hybrid T 1912 was the establishment by the US Great Britain and other
60. Severe HF radio communications blackout occurs mostly on 78. It is the satellite component that senses the time or the maritime nation as the direct result of the sinking of the 2
the sunlit side of Earth for one to two hours incidence angle of solar radiation and provides electrical signal famous ships
ANSWER: R4 that may be used to compute the satellite orientation? ANSWER: The Republic and Titanic
ANSWER: sun sensor
61. A wide area blackout of HF radio communication as well as loss 94. When the called telephone is ringing , the Central Office sends
of radio contact for about an hour on the sunlit side of Earth. 79. A few centimeters long solid insulated hook up wire that a pulse AC voltage to the calling telephone. What is the signal
ANSWER: R3 provides small capacitance to the ground that is adjusted called?
62. Moderate limited blackout of HF radio communications on sunlit during circuit alignment by bending slightly in one direction or ANSWER: Ringback signal
side occur , loss of radio contact for tens of minutes another.
ANSWER: R2 ANSWER: gimmick 95. What is the main accelerating element in CRT?
ANSWER: Ultor
63. Limited blackout of HF radio communications on sunlit side 80. The maximum radiation for electronic equipment must not
occur, loss of radio contact in an occasion. exceed ____________ mr/week 96. IN analog cellular system, the interfering signal strength
ANSWER: R1 ANSWER: 100 remains approximately less than __ of desired signal strength
64. What is the orbital time of MEO satellite? to assure negligible interference
ANSWER: 5 to 12 hrs 81. Radiation exposure rates produced by a TV receiver shall ANSWER: 2%
exceed ______________ milli roentgens per hour at a distance
65. Is the process by which a permanent, low-loss, high strength, of 5 cm from any point on external surface of the receiver 97. What is the approximate critical frequency of E layer?
welded joint is formed between two optical fibers? ANSWER: 0.5 ANSWER: 4 MHz
ANSWER: fusion splicing 98. What is the approximate critical frequency of F 2layer?
82. What expresses the steepness of the skirts or the skirts ANSWER: 8 Mhz
66. Involves many different approaches for bringing the two ends selectivity of a radio receiver?
of the fibers into alignment and then clamping them within a ANSWER: shape factor 99. The 10 base T Ethernet system is restricted only to
jointing structure or gluing them together__________ __________.
ANSWER: mechanical splicing 83. Standard signal format of a numeric paging receiver ANSWER: 100m
ANSWER: NEC D3 standard
67. With this method, the signal modulates a carrier that is linearly 100. What is the code used in 100 Mbps Tx Ethernet standard?
swept over the band being used 84. The critical capacitance variation of most varactors used in ANSWER: 3 level Manchester code
ANSWER: chirp frequency modulators
ANSWER: 12 to 1
68. One bit time for the pseudorandom code is called a 101. Principal musical intervals is considered dissonant
ANSWER: chip 85. If the satellite is launched at the speed of exceeding 25000 mph ANSWER: 7:8
the satellite will not go in orbit and will break away from the
69. What is the last amplifier stage of ______________ amplifier? gravitational pull of the earth and go out in deep space 102. Cell site center that is mounted on a flat bed tractor used for
ANSWER: power amplifier ANSWER: space probe emergency purposes
ANSWER: COW
70. A submarine at greater depth can deploy a ______________ 86. What is the voltage of the local loop on hook?
about 2.000 feet long, but 200 feet of it must float on the surface ANSWER: -48 Vdc 103. Geographic distance that is required between cells used in
for proper reception identical frequencies in order to avoid interference between the
ANSWER: trailing wire antenna 87. In a propagation medium such in the glass of an optical fiber radio transmission of these cells
__________ is the scattering of the electromagnetic wave by ANSWER: Distance to reuse ration D/R
Here is a listing of typical excess noise for various resistor particles with the size about equal or greater than the
types, given as RMS microvolts per volt applied across the wavelength 104. Random data sent continuously by the NIC that disrupts the
resistor, measured over one decade of frequency: ANSWER: MIE scattering whole area network
ANSWER: Jabber
71. The typical excess noise (flicker noise) for carbon resistor? 88. What LED is usual signal source for plastic fiber?
COMMS 1 - REVIEWER
105. Shifting of antenna pattern so that the major lobe is at angle 124. In Standard Positioning Service (SPS) of a GPS positioning ANSWER: 1 to 10 miles
below the horizontal service, What is the horizontal SPS Predictable Accuracy?
ANSWER: down tilt ANSWER: 100 meters 142. What is the typical noise figure of FET and MESFET used at
microwave frequency?
106. Term used to describe ordinary voice telephony 125. In Standard Positioning Service (SPS) of a GPS positioning ANSWER: 2 dB or less
ANSWER: Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) service, What is the vertical SPS Predictable Accuracy?
ANSWER: 156 meters 143. Why does a high Q circuit discriminate against harmonics?
107. Time period for a single time slot in the GSM TDMA structure ANSWER: because of purer sine wave ac
ANSWER: 8 126. In Standard Positioning Service (SPS) of a GPS positioning
service, What is the time (UTS) SPS Predictable Accuracy? 144. What do you call the portion of the horizontal blanking pulse
108. The first note of the musical scale ANSWER: 340 nanoseconds before the sync pulse?
ANSWER: Root note ANSWER: Front Porch
127. A three-minute music file that is compressed into MP3 format
109. In CATV system, what is the output RF terminal match? will have a file size of 145. What is the typical bandwidth of single mode step index fiber
ANSWER: 16 dB ANSWER: 3 Mb ANSWER: 50 to 100 Ghz/km
146. RF radiation damage to cells of reproductive tissues
110. Dielectric constant of polyethylene insulator 128. A three-minute music file that is compressed into WAV format ANSWER: Genetic
ANSWER: 2.27 will have a file size of
ANSWER: 30 Mb 147. RF radiation dmage to other than the cells of reproductive
111. How much more feedpoint Z does a folded dipole have than a tissues
normal dipole? 129. In the IMT 2000 system standard, what does "2000" mean? ANSWER: Somatic
ANSWER: 4 times ANSWER: both means the year that the system is
implemented and its approximate frequency assignment 148. HDTV is in rectangular form and contains ___________ times
112. In TV system, if the 3.58 Mhz C amplifier in the receiver does more information than the current TV.
not operate, the result will be __________. 130. It is a table showing the pre-calculated position of satellite at ANSWER: 5
ANSWER: No color any given time
ANSWER: Ephemeris 149. In radio communication, what do you call a point on a line,
113. Allows users to access documents from widely separated between the earth's center and an observer, located farther
sources of the internet using a common source 131. What is the currently used internet protocol? from the earth center than point?
ANSWER: World Wide Web ANSWER: IPv4 ANSWER: Nadir

114. What is the typical value of line turn around? 132. This internet protocol has much larger address space that 150. The velocity of geostationary orbit satellite is
ANSWER: 1.5 ms allows greater flexibility in assigning addresses and is able to ANSWER: 6879 statute miles per hour
115. Which pulse in the V blanking corresponds to 3H lines wide? support 128 bit of addresses.
ANSWER: V sync ANSWER: IPv6 151. Cable TV companies collect signals and programs from many
sources in a facility called __________.
116. F3 emission means carrier is frequency modulated by 133. What helps protect fiber against degration caused by moisture? ANSWER: Head End
____________. ANSWER: Cabling 152. What is the maximum power rating of CB (Citizens Band) J3E
ANSWER: voice transmitter?
134. In cellular system, typically how many cells in the frequency ANSWER: 4W
117. How many horizontal lines are blanked out in the frame of TV reuse plan format?
receivers by V blanking ANSWER: 7 153. What is the maximum power rating of CB (Citizens Band) A3E
ANSWER: 42 transmitter?
135. What is the typical beamwidth of horn antenna? ANSWER: 12W PEP
118. Which one is a non-continuous noise? ANSWER: 10 degrees to 60 degrees
ANSWER: Impulse noise 136. In acoustics, what is the pleasant combination of sound 154. If mobile phone loses its signal, the transmitter will retransmit
intervals? after
119. What is the refresh rate in PAL ANSWER: Consonant Interval ANSWER: 1 to 5 seconds
ANSWER: 50 Hz
137. In acoustics, what is the unpleasant combination of sound 155. How far must the distance between the microphone and the
120. BISYNC is found on what layer? intervals? mouth of the user?
ANSWER: Data link layer ANSWER: Discordant Interval ANSWER: 2 inches

121. In Precise Positioning Service (PPS) of a GPS positioning 138. Refers to any sonic, infrasonic or ultrasonic wave which is 156. It is a device used to measure an individual's exposure to a
service, What is the horizontal PPS Predictable Accuracy? emitted form electronic product as a result of the operation of hazardous environment
ANSWER: 22 meters an electronic circuit in such product ANSWER: Dosimeter
ANSWER: Radiation
122. In Precise Positioning Service (PPS) of a GPS positioning 157. A system where cables and wires are placed within the ceiling
service, What is the vertical PPS Predictable Accuracy? 139. What is the science of measuring light that is visible to the space and poked up through the fire resistant floor structure to
ANSWER: 27.7 meters human eye? the office or room above
ANSWER: Photometry ANSWER: Poke Through
123. In Precise Positioning Service (PPS) of a GPS positioning
service, What is the time (UTS) PPS Predictable Accuracy? 140. What is the typical range of vidicon dark current? 158. The typical transmit power for cellsite is
ANSWER: 200 nanoseconds ANSWER: 0.2 microampere ANSWER: 10 W to 50 W

141. What might be the typical range of mobile-to-mobile? 159. What is the effective height of the antenna?
COMMS 1 - REVIEWER
ANSWER: 1/2 to 2/3 of the actual height of the antenna ANSWER: the brightness of the color
193. Code which describes the maximum power output of a cellular
160. A signaling path provided by a cable television system to relay 176. Antennas with microstrip in PCBs phone
to subscriber terminals television broadcast programs that are ANSWER: Patch antenna ANSWER: Station Class Mark (SCM)
received off-the-air or are obtained by microwave or by direct
connection to a television broadcast station. 177. What is the wavelength range of sunlight? 194. In a Medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, A satellite in orbit at a
ANSWER: Class I Cable Television Channel ANSWER: 300 nm to 2000 nm distance above the earth’s surface of approximately
ANSWER: 8,000 to 20,000 km
161. A signaling path provided by a cable television system to deliver 178. What is the peak wavelength of sunlight?
to subscriber terminals television signals that are intended for ANSWER: 500 nm 195. It is the change in direction of polarization of signals passing
reception by a television broadcast receiver without the use of through the ionosphere.
an auxiliary decoding device and which signals are not involved 179. Radio system that was developed to provide ng high speed ANSWER: Faraday rotation
in broadcast transmission path. packet data access for GSM network 196. A metal object threaded into a waveguide to add capacitance
ANSWER: Class II Cable Television Channel ANSWER: GPRS or inductance.
ANSWER: Tuning screw
162. A signaling path provided by a cable television system to deliver 180. A 3G wireless system can increase its network capacity by
to subscriber terminal signals that are intended for reception by ___________ percent as compared to lower generation 197. In a microwave tube, any device that cause a wave to
equipment other than a television broadcast receiver only when wireless system. propagate at less than the speed of light, so that the electron
used with auxiliary equipment. ANSWER: 70% beam and the wave move at approximately the same speed
ANSWER: Class III Cable Television Channel 181. Sound provides all sorts of information, what information is ANSWER: Slow-wave structure
related to mental processes of knowledge, reasoning, memory,
163. A signaling path provided by a cable television system to judgement and perception? 198. It is the method of providing high-speed data transmission on
transmit signals of any type from a subscriber terminal to ANSWER: cognitive twisted-pair telephone lopps by using high frequency carriers.
another point in the cable television system. ANSWER: Asymmetrical digital subscriber line (ADSL).
ANSWER: Class IV Cable Television Channel 182. What increase in sound level is commonly perceived by most
people? 199. In a klystron, it is a cavity that velocity-modulates the electron
164. Which of the following identifies the maximum transmitted ANSWER: 6 to 10 dB beam.
power level of a mobile phone? ANSWER: Buncher
ANSWER: Station Class Mark (SCM) 183. At what loudness level do pitch (in mels) and frequency (in hz)
165. Why tropospheric ducting is not used very much in practical are numerically equal? 200. It is a circuit for digitizing voice at a low data rate by using
communication system ANSWER: 40 dB knowledge of the way in which voice sound are produced.
ANSWER: because it is not reliable ANSWER: Vocoder
184. A __________ is essentially a cell site (shelter) that is mounted
166. Which of the following is the last stage of the AM transmitter? on a flatbed tractor-trailer used for emergency purposes 201. It is an oscillator whose frequency is controlled by a binary
ANSWER: PA (Power Amplifier) ANSWER: COW number written to an internal register.
ANSWER: Numerically controlled oscillator
167. What is the efficiency of the parabolic antenna? 185. This fix tuner is designed to provide just the exact selectivity
ANSWER: 55% required to pass both the IF signals? 202. It is a colloquial term used to describe additional side frequency
ANSWER: SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) produced by overmodulation or distortion in an AM system
168. What is the total noise in the absence of the information ANSWER: Splatter
(intelligent signal) 186. Single pulses that can travel through a medium with no
ANSWER: Background noise dispersion. 203. A signal consisting of two audio frequencies not harmonically
ANSWER: Solitons related, used to test single sideband transmitters
169. What is the data rate of enhanced Bluetooth (2.0)? ANSWER: Two tone test
ANSWER: 2.1 MHz 187. It is a unique address for a pager
ANSWER: Capcode 204. These are now being used to “sign” important documents that
170. What is the typical power rating of most Bluetooth devices? are sent electronically
ANSWER: 1mW 188. Transmission of brief text message, such as pages or email, by ANSWER: Digital signature
cellular radio or PCS.
171. In the generator, which one is grounded in order to reduce the ANSWER: Short messaging service 205. Cable-television systems reduce losses by moving UHF signals
radio frequency noise? to the VHF range. They use frequencies
ANSWER: armature 189. In cellular or PCS system, connecting a mobile to two or more ANSWER: between channel 6 and 7 and above channel 13
172. What is the maximum VF tone that may be fed to a voice base stations simultaneously is called
signal? ANSWER: Soft hand-off 206. It is a low-level signal in a telephone receiver deriving from the
ANSWER: +6 VU transmitter in the same instrument. It assures the user that the
190. It is a number that identifies a mobile phone in a cellular system; system is working
173. In one atmospheric pressure, what is the velocity of sound in the mobile telephone number. ANSWER: sidetone
steel? ANSWER: Mobile identification number (MIN)
ANSWER: 5150 m/s 207. Why is a Smith chart circular?
191. In cellular phone, a memory location that stores the telephone ANSWER: Because it is a convenient way to represent the
174. The electronic serial number (ESN) assigned at the factory of number(s) to be used on the system. fact that impedances on a transmission line repeat every
cellular mobile phone consists of __________ bits. ANSWER: Number assignment module (NAM) one-half wavelength
ANSWER: 32
192. In the AMPS system, a number transmitted by the base station 208. What characteristic of solitons makes them interesting for long-
175. The average voltage of a 3.58 MHz modulated chrominance to identify the system operator. distance fiber optic transmission?
signal in TV receivers is __________. ANSWER: SID (system identification number)
COMMS 1 - REVIEWER
ANSWER: Solitons can propagate for very long distance 237. Each block of data is preceded by an eight-bit pattern called a
without dispersion 222. What connector is popular in attaching test instruments like flag, which signals the start of a frame. In SDLC and HDLC the
oscilloscopes, frequency counters, spectrum analyzers, etc? flag consists of the bit sequence
209. What would be the most important advantage of converting the ANSWER: BNC ANSWER: 01111110
entire telephone system, including local loop, to the fiber
optics? 223. In a klystron, it is a cavity that removes some of the energy from 238. The IBM token-ring network uses twisted-pair wiring and can
ANSWER: Fiber would allow almost unlimited bandwidth, the electron beam and transfers it in the form of microwave operate at either __________.
enabling one cable to carry all needed information energy output. ANSWER: 4 Mb/s or 16 MB/s.
services to the home ANSWER: Catcher
239. The IBM token-ring network could support how many nodes
210. What feature of SONET allows data stream with different clock 224. What connector is popular in attaching test instruments like with special data grade shielded twisted-pair wiring?
to be synchronized? oscilloscopes, frequency counters, spectrum analyzers, etc? ANSWER: 260 nodes or 72 nodes using telephone twisted-
ANSWER: The payload pointer allows synchronization by ANSWER: BNC pair wiring
indicating the start of a data frame
225. It is the velocity modulation of a electron beam 240. Method of data compression by encoding the length of string of
211. The use of Solitons and heterodyne reception may allow fiber ANSWER: Bunching ones or zeros instead of transmitting all the one or zero bits
optics to operate with much higher data rates and over longer individually.
distances without repeaters than any other system now in use. 226. What is IMT2000 Stands for? ANSWER: Run-length coding
ANSWER: IMT stands for International Mobile
212. Why can AM radio stations often be received at distances Telecommunications, and 2000 refers both to the 241. A data compression scheme that replaces repeated characters
beyond the horizon? approximate implementation date and to the fact that the or bit patterns with a code indicating character or pattern and
ANSWER: Ground waves follow the curvature of the earth proposed system will operate at about 2000 MHz the number repetitions
and ground wave can propagation is possible at AM ANSWER: Run-length coding
broadcasting frequencies. 227. IMT2000 Maximum data rate for mobile user in high speed
vehicles is 242. Lossless compression scheme generally looks for
213. Why is antenna height important for line-of-sight propagation? ANSWER: 144kb/s redundancies in the data for instance the string of zeros can be
ANSWER: Greater antenna height increases the distance replaced with a code that tells the receivers the length of the
to the radio horizon 228. IMT2000 Maximum data rate for mobile user in for pedestrian string. What do you call this technique?
or perhaps slow moving vehicles is ANSWER: Run-length coding
214. What is the main advantage of fiber optics in LANs compared ANSWER: 384kbps
to twisted pair wiring? 243. Encryption of data is important to ensure its privacy. It is most
ANSWER: Fiber allows for much longer distances between 229. IMT2000 Maximum data rate for stationary user is commonly achieved by using a public-key encryption to transfer
nodes that can be used with twisted pairs. ANSWER: 2Mbps a key to be used in __________.
ANSWER: a symmetrical private key
215. What is downtilt and why is it often used for cellular base 230. It is the only way to achieved a wider aspect ratio with the
stations? current systems is to use fewer active scan lines
ANSWER: Downtilt involves shifting an antenna pattern so ANSWER: Letterboxing 244. It is the deviation of a wave as it passes an obstacle that passes
that the major lobe is at an angle below the horizontal. It through a small aperture
can be used to reduce the range of a base station to reduce 231. MPEG-2 compression begins by reducing the number of bits ANSWER: Diffraction
interference. required to transmit a reference frame. This is done using an
algorithm called 245. It is a television receiver design that uses mixing between the
216. What radio system was developed to provide high speed ANSWER: Discrete cosine transformation (DCT) picture and sound carriers to generate the sound intermediate
packet data access for the GSM channels frequency.
ANSWER: GPRS ANSWER: Intercarrier sound
232. What video standard deals with low data rate video such as are 246. A spurious pattern or other distortion in a facsimile record copy
217. The most ambitious of the proposed LEO systems. often found in CD-ROMs, and on the internet? caused by unwanted modulation products arising from the
ANSWER: Teledesic System ANSWER: MPEG1 transmission of a carrier signal, and appearing in the form of a
rectified baseband that interferes with the lower sideband of the
218. Why are soft handoffs not possible with the GSM and TDMA 233. The standard for terrestrial digital television transmission is carrier.
systems? called: ANSWER: Kendall effect
ANSWER: Because these systems use different frequency ANSWER: 8-VSB
channels in adjacent cells so it is not possible to 234. It is a special cable that consist of two parallel wires with a Note: The Kendall effect occurs principally when the single-
communicate through more than one call site at a time grounded shield around them. It is sometimes used for gigabit sideband width is greater than half of the facsimile carrier
Ethernet. frequency.
219. Why are geostationary satellites unsatisfactory for ANSWER: Twinax cable
communication from regions near the poles of the earth? 247. It is the interchanging of the frequencies of carrier channels to
ANSWER: The angle of elevation to the satellite is too low 235. Ethernet system that uses a special “thick Ethernet”. accomplish specific purposes, such as to prevent feedback and
to be practical in these regions. ANSWER: A standard classical oscillation, to reduce crosstalk, and to correct for a high
frequency-response slope in the transmission line.
220. It is a receiver in which that signal is amplified at its original 236. Another problem with Baudot is that an error that is interpreted ANSWER: Frequency Frogging
frequency before demodulation as a FIGS character can cause all the following information to
ANSWER: TRF (Tuned-radio-receiver) be interpreted as numerical until the next LTRS character 248. About the Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, the first problem is
occurs. To reduce this problem, most modern system use less important then it might seem. Shorter range results in
221. The pulses in the vertical blanking interval of a video that create technique called much less propagation loss and removes the requirement for
interlaced scan. ANSWER: unshift-on-space (USOS) highly directional antenna. This makes antenna tracking less
ANSWER: Equalizing pulses critical. In any case, if the antenna is mounted on a moving
COMMS 1 - REVIEWER
vehicle or person the direction to the satellite is constantly
changing. Even with geostationary satellite. When real time
communication is required, the only way to address the second
problem is to use a __________ containing more than one
satellite.
ANSWER: Constellation

249. It is the cheapest LAN configuration, and if one station fails the
whole system fails.
ANSWER: Ring topology

250. A network station which all station attach to a common cable

and the fastest LAN configuration.
ANSWER: Bus topology

251. Cellular radios that use FM has a maximum deviation of

___________.
ANSWER: +-12kHz

252. In the GSM system, a telephone number that us unique to a

given user, worldwide
ANSWER: International Mobile Subscriber Identification
(IMSI)

253. A frequency multiplier can be created by tuning the output

circuit of a class C amplifier to a
ANSWER: multiple of the input frequency

254. The __________ is a variation on the discriminator. It greatly

reduces sensitivity to amplitude variations, at the cost of a 50%
reduction in output voltage.
ANSWER: radio detector

255. It is the time between the instant of going off-hook and the
instant of receiving a dial tone.
ANSWER: dial-tone delay
COMMS 2 - REVIEWER
1. The interfering beat frequency of 920 KHZ is between 3.58 MHz 17. April 2002, the IEEE standard 802.16 Broadband Wireless ANSWER: dynamic, ribbon, carbon
color sub carrier and ___________. Access (BWA) is __________.
ANSWER: 4.5 MHz inter carrier sound ANSWER: WiMax 37. What is the diagonal screen size of picture tube of 19CP4
ANSWER: 19 inches
2. What does aspect ratio means? 18. What is the GPRS uplink data rate?
ANSWER: ratio of screen width to its height ANSWER: 14 Kbps 38. It is one of the PCB techniques used to create special
microwave transmission lines in which a flat conductor
3. What happens in balance modulation if it is not properly 19. What is the gamma of the picture tube of a TV sandwiched between two ground planes
balanced? ANSWER: 2.2 ANSWER: Stripline
ANSWER: the carrier is transmitted
20. A microwave tube that is a linear wave tube in which the 39. What is the oldest semiconductor device used in microwave
4. What is the sound characteristics related to a sonic time interaction between the beam and the RF field is continuous is transmissions?
pattern? called ANSWER: Point Contact
ANSWER: Rhythm ANSWER: traveling wave tube
40. Antenna beam on a Geostationary Satellite that is adjusted to
5. In telephony, M88 loading coil (88mH loading coil) is placed at 21. What is the optimum volume per person in churches? cover the whole earth.
an interval of ___________ feet. ANSWER: 7.1 - 9.9 ANSWER: Hemispheric Beam
ANSWER: 9000
22. What is the optimum volume per person in cinemas? 41. In what year does the first satellite SPUTNIK I was launched?
6. In telephony, the cable used for costumer loop in telephone ANSWER: 3.1 ANSWER: 1957
exchanges, which has a round trip loop resistance of 170 ohm
/ 100 miles is __________. 23. What is the South Korean version of WiMAx? 42. All colors on the color test signal are modulated 75% except
ANSWER: AWG No. 22 ANSWER: WiBRO ANSWER: gray

7. Wireless internet service provider (WISPs) use WiFi technology 24. What is the other name for 3G? 43. Satellite subsystem that monitors on board temperature and
to provide internet access to airports, hotels, convention ANSWER: UMTS battery voltage ,then transmits this data back to ground station
centers, coffee shops, and other public places. When users are ANSWER: TTC
within the range of an antenna, WISPs offer access to the 25. In GPS navigation system, how many satellites are there in one
internet at speed up to __________Mbps. orbital plane? 44. Which of the following coaxial cable connectors is called the
ANSWER: 11 ANSWER: 4 Satellites UHF connector?
ANSWER: PL 259
8. What service is provided by broadcast ISDN (B-ISDN) 26. What is the velocity factor of a coaxial cable wire?
providers that offer a means of bidirectional end-to-end data ANSWER: 0.6 to 0.8
transmission, in real time, between two subscribers or between 45. Which coaxial cable connector is least expensive and is widely
a subscriber and the service provider called? 27. What is the typical range of velocity factor in transmission lines? used for TV sets, VCRs and Cable TV?
ANSWER: Conversational service ANSWER: 0.5 to 0.9 ANSWER: F type connector

9. What is the data rate of WiMax? 28. Ribbon microphone is what type of microphone? 46. Which coaxial connector is a more complex and expensive but
ANSWER: 11 Mbps ANSWER: Pressure-gradient microphone do a better job in maintaining the electrical characteristics of the
cable through the interconnections
10. What is the bit rate of GPRS? 29. What is the exact frequency of the color burst signal? ANSWER: N type connector
ANSWER: 172.2 kbps ANSWER: 3.579545 MHz
47. What type of digital circuit is used as a bit splitter?
11. What is the other name of MPEG 7? 30. What is the velocity of sound in wood? ANSWER: shift register
ANSWER: Multimedia Content Description Interface ANSWER: 3300 m/s
48. What sound characteristics relates to a sonic time pattern?
12. Among the following materials used by the acoustic engineers, 31. In cellular radio, one base station cost approximately ANSWER: rhythm
which has the highest absorption coefficient for sound wave? ANSWER: $500,000 to $750,000
ANSWER: Celotex 49. What is considered the most obvious conveyor of information?
32. What is the disadvantage of using a fiber optic cable that is ANSWER: speech
13. Which camera tube that has minimum lag? made of glass?
ANSWER: Plumbicon ANSWER: Brittleness 50. What is the amount of sound reduction provided by a barrier -
wall, floor or ceiling called?
14. It reduces reverberation in studios by means of loudspeaker 33. What is the advantage of using a fiber optic cable that is made ANSWER: transmission loss
feedback system. of glass?
ANSWER: Ambiophony ANSWER: Less attentuation/ losses 51. In cellular system, the average lead time to install a new base
station is approximately ________ months to a year
15. If a broadcasting station is transmitting, but not modulating, 34. GPS is a satellite navigation system consisting of 24 satellites. ANSWER: 6
what will be heard in the receiver of that tuned frequency? When was the first satellite was launched?
ANSWER: Nothing ANSWER: 1978 52. What is considered the threshold of audibility at 3000 Hz?
16. a closet which is terminating facilities which consists of key ANSWER: 10^ -12 W/ m^2
telephone system services, central offices, stations, and PBX, 35. What are the microphones that has high Z output?
but there is no key telephone circuitry present ANSWER: crystal, electret, condenser 53. Which of the following is NOT a porous absorber?
ANSWER: Satellite Closet ANSWER: membrane absorber
36. What are the microphones that has low Z output?
COMMS 2 - REVIEWER
54. The American concert pitch A is equivalent to which of the ANSWER: Utilization factor
following frequencies? 85. Which of the antennas are suitable for direct connection to a
ANSWER: 440 Hz 72. It is a form of spread-spectrum communication in which the RF waveguide?
carrier continually moves from one frequency to another ANSWER: Horn and slot antennas are suitable for direct
55. The international pitch A is equivalent to __________ Hz. according to a prearranged pseudo-random pattern connection to the waveguides
ANSWER: 435 ANSWER: Frequency hopping
86. How can the polarization of a simple antenna be determined?
56. What does CPE stands for 73. A microwave transmission line that consists of a circuit board, ANSWER: The polarization for most simple antennas is the
ANSWER: Customer Premise Equipment working against two ground planes, one on the top and one on same as the axis of the radiating element
the bottom of the board.
57. Around the neck of the picture is a structure of a magnetic coil ANSWER: Stripline 87. How does stacking omnidirectional antennas or arrays
called __________ vertically results in an increase in gain while keeping the
ANSWER: deflection yoke horizontal radiation pattern omnidirectional?
74. An error-correcting system in which errors are connected at the ANSWER: Stacking these antennas reduces the radiation
58. What is the counterpart of Zigbee? receiver using redundant transmitted data without using in the vertical plane, increasing gain in the horizontal
ANSWER: nanoNET retransmission request. plane.
ANSWER: Forward Error correction (FEC)
59. The term Bluetooth is named after the king? 88. Why is frequency reuse important in cellular systems?
ANSWER: Danish king Harald Blattand 75. It is a switching network that does not use a hierarchical ANSWER: Cellular systems increase their traffic capacity
structure but instead relies on a computer to find the most direct by reusing frequencies at relatively small distances.
60. When was world wide web introduced? route between two points
ANSWER: 1991 ANSWER: Flat network 89. Which of the following applies for a monochrome picture?
76. A representation of a signal’s power or amplitude as a function ANSWER: chroma amplifier off
of frequency.
61. A device that connects two dissimilar networks and performs ANSWER: Frequency domain 90. Why is multimode fiber easier to work with than single mode
the protocol conversion fiber
ANSWER: gateway 77. It is a detector for suppressed-carrier AM signals that works by ANSWER: Mutlimode fiber has a much larger core
multiplying the signal with the regenerated signal. diameter, and also a larger numerical aperture, than single
62. Comb filter is used to __________ ANSWER: Product detector mode fiber
AMSWER: cancel chroma crosstalk
63. A laser used as an energy source to excite electrons into a 78. Most communication satellites are geostationary to simplify 91. The noise-reduction effect that occurs with strong FM signals.
higher energy state. tracking requirements, but low-earth-orbit satellites are coming ANSWER: Threshold effect
ANSWER: Pump laser into increasing use especially for mobile communications,
because shorter distance to the satellite results in stronger 92. What is the main difference between a wireless hub and a
64. In the Amps systems, a sine wave above the voice frequency signals. wireless brigde?
range, transmitted on the voice channel along with the voice, ANSWER: The bridge needs to have much more powerful
used by the base station to detect loss signal. 79. What feature of SONET allows data spin with different paths to transmitter because it needs to have greater range
ANSWER: Supervisory Audio tone (SAT) be synchronized?
ANSWER: Payload Pointer 93. Why is antenna height in mobile communications, even when
65. A mobile telephone service, now obsolescent, using trunked the distance involved are much less than the distance to the
channels but not cellular in nature. 80. Why do splices have lower loss than connector pairs? horizon?
ANSWER: Improved mobile telephone service (IMTS). ANSWER: Splices don not have the air gap that most ANSWER: Greater antenna height results in reduced
connector have. multipath interference and fewer obstruction in direct path
66. In cellular communication, it is the interrupting the voice 94. Why does modern long distance fiber communications system
channel to send control information. 81. Why a matched line is indistinguishable from infinitely long line use wavelength on the order of 1550nm?
ANSWER: Blank-and-burst signaling as seen from the source? ANSWER: The loss in glass fiber is lowest at a wavelength
ANSWER: No energy is reflected from matched load, so of approximately 1550nm
67. The process of adjusting the orbit of a geostationary satellite so from the source it appears as if energy put into the line
that it appears to remain stationary above a point on earth. continues to move down the line forever 95. The maximum distance that can be used with a fiber link can
ANSWER: Station keeping be limited by either loss or dispersion Limitation due to losses
82. Why does a higher impedance line have lower copper loss than are expressed in a loss budget. While dispersion is expressed
68. In Satellite communication, continuously adjusting the position a lower impedance line, all other things being equal? in terms of either bandwidth-distance product or rise time.
of a directional antenna on the ground, so that it always point ANSWER: A high impedance line has a lower current for a
at the satellite. given power level than does a line lower characteristic 96. Why is low dispersion more important than low loss in modern
ANSWER: Tracking impedance. fiber communication systems?
ANSWER: Losses can be made up by the use of optical
69. The video signal level representing maximum luminance 83. All else being equal, larger receiving antennas receiver a amplifiers, but dispersion can only be corrected by using
ANSWER: peak white stronger signal than smaller antennas. Why is this? regenerative repeaters, which are more complex and
ANSWER: They have a greater effective area so they expensive.
70. The frequency at which a VCO operates when its control intercept a greater proportion of the radiated energy
voltage is zero 97. Why is loose-tube construction preferred when cables must be
ANSWER: Free running frequency 84. What is the effect on the resonant frequency of a monopole pulled through ducts?
antenna of inserting a coil at its base? ANSWER: Loose-tube construction reduces the pulling
71. The portion of scanning lines in a video system that, on ANSWER: Adding inductance to an antenna lowers its stress on the fiber.
average, can be used in determining vertical resolution resonant frequency
COMMS 2 - REVIEWER
98. According to NTC, what is the Spectrum User Fee (SUF) for the 110. Who is known as the father of WiFi?
allocated and assigned for Paired 3G radio frequency bands for ANSWER: Vic Hayes 129. In delta modulation, what normally causes error in the received
the first 5 MHz? signal
Answer: P5, 000,000.00 per MHz 111. What is the formula for rems? ANSWER: slope overload
ANSWER: rems = rbe x rad
99. According to NTC, what is the Spectrum User Fee (SUF) for the 130. It is a ferrite which is the inductive element of this tuned circuit
allocated and assigned for Paired 3G radio frequency bands for 112. It defines physical specifications communications protocol is actually the receiving antenna.
each additional 1MHz or fraction thereof in excess of the first 5 standards for the short-range exchange of data over infrared ANSWER: Loopstick
MHz but not exceeding 10 MHz? light, for uses such as personal area networks (PANs).
Answer: P8, 000,000.00 per MHz ANSWER: IrDA 131. It is a Modulation technique used for North American TDMA cell
phone and PCS systems.
100. According to NTC, what is the Spectrum User Fee (SUF) for the 113. In TV system, the color level control is in the __ ANSWER: Pi/4 DQPSK
allocated and assigned for Paired 3G radio frequency bands for ANSWER: BPA
each additional 1MHz or fraction thereof in excess of the first 132. The phase detector will generate a control voltage, which will
10 MHz but not exceeding 15 MHz? 114. What is the advantage of Doherty linear? cause the VCO frequency to change until it is exactly that of the
Answer: P10, 000,000.00 per MHz ANSWER: high efficiency external input signal.
ANSWER: Acquisition of phase lock
101. According to NTC, what is the Spectrum User Fee (SUF) for the 115. What carrier shift results with insufficient grid excitation to a grid
allocated and assigned for Paired 3G radio frequency bands for modulated stage? 133. To avoid error and confusion, LAN software make sure that
each additional 1MHz or fraction thereof in excess of the first ANSWER: positive data on the server that is being changed by one station is not
15 MHz? simultaneously read by another.
Answer: P15, 000,000.00 per MHz 116. What is the third layer of the OSI protocol model which set up ANSWER: Record locking
the path to transmit data between terminals and arranges data
102. According to NTC, what is the Spectrum User Fee (SUF) for the into packets? 134. 10BaseT (T for twisted) system is restricted to a length of
allocated and assigned for Unpaired 3G radio frequency bands ANSWER: network layer __________
for the first 5 MHz? ANSWER: 100 m
Answer: P3, 000,000.00 per MHz 117. What is the popular fiber optics cable with glass core and plastic
cladding called? 135. The inductive element of the tuned circuit is actually the
103. According to NTC, what is the Spectrum User Fee (SUF) for the ANSWER: plastic clad silica (PCS) antenna which is called __________.
allocated and assigned for Unpaired 3G radio frequency bands ANSWER: ferrite loopstick
for each additional 1MHz or fraction thereof in excess of the first 118. What are the two functions of a buffer amplifier?
5 MHz but not exceeding 10 MHz? ANSWER: amplify and isolate 136. Power could be coupled into and out of the waveguides using
Answer: P6, 000,000.00 per MHz ___________ in the guide.
119. What is the combine mixer and LO that uses 1 transistor or ANSWER: Probes, loops, or holes
104. According to NTC, what is the Spectrum User Fee (SUF) for the tube or both?
a allocated and assigned for Unpaired 3G radio frequency ANSWER: autodyne converter 137. Waveguide are a very practical means of transmitting electrical
bands for each additional 1MHz or fraction thereof in excess of energy at microwave frequencies, as they have much lower
the first 10 MHz but not exceeding 15 MHz? 120. What is the function of a hybrid in the telephone handset? losses than coaxial cables. They are not very useful at lower
Answer: P8, 000,000.00 per MHz ANSWER: decrease in microphone signal in phones frequencies
ANSWER: because they must be too large in cross section.
105. According to NTC, what is the Spectrum User Fee (SUF) for the 121. Which of the following are parts of the network interface card?
a allocated and assigned for Unpaired 3G radio frequency ANSWER: Both BND connector and RJ 45 connector 138. In a very small network using only two terminals, It is possible
bands for each additional 1MHz or fraction thereof in excess of to connect the computers to each other directly without a hub.
the first 15 MHz? 122. In what two systems in the voice transmitter can speech This requires a special cable called a
Answer: P12, 000,000.00 per MHz processing be used? ANSWER: crossover cable
ANSWER: AF and RF
106. Where is the location of the Global Positioning System (GPS) 139. It is a transmitter power amplifier stage immediately before the
Master Control Station and GPS Operations Center and the US 123. What is the maximum recommended length of RS232 cable? output stage.
Naval Observatory Alternate Master Clock used to synchronize ANSWER: 50 ft ANSWER: Intermediate power amplifier (IPA)
GPS satellite time?
ANSWER: Schriever Air Force Base (formerly Falcon Air 124. What is the advantage of using hub over direct interconnection? 140. It is a filter that can pass (or reject) a fundamental frequency
Force Base) in Springfield, Colorado ANSWER: it's easy to move computers and its harmonics.
ANSWER: Comb filter
107. It was established by Ericsson, Sony Ericsson, IBM, Intel, 125. What is the main advantage of GPRS?
Toshiba, and Nokia, and later joined by many other companies. ANSWER: it does not require a connection The interleaving of luminance and color signals conserves bandwidth
ANSWER: IEEE 802.15.1 (Bluetooth) but causes interference between two signals.
126. 3G wireless system was introduced in what year?
108. When was Bluetooth implemented/ introduced? ANSWER: 2001 141. It results from the luminance component interfering with the
ANSWER: 1998 color signal. It occurs whenever there is diagonal detail in the
127. What is the accuracy of LORAN C long range navigation picture, and get worse with motion. It is visible as spurious color
109. It is an adjustment of two or more tuned circuits so that they can hyperbolic radio navigation system? in the picture.
be tuned simultaneously with one adjustment. ANSWER: 1/4 of mile absolute and less than 100 ft relative ANSWER: Cross luminance
ANSWER: Tracking
128. The range of human earing can form how many octaves 142. It is caused by color information being interpreted as
ANSWER: 10 luminance, causing structure of fine dots
COMMS 2 - REVIEWER
ANSWER: Cross color (b) Has a main oscillator that is tuned to the received
frequency.
143. The disadvantage of a client-server approach is that it ties up (c) Has another pumping oscillator of a different
one computer as the network file server. frequency that periodically varies the parameters,
i.e., the capacitance or inductance, of the main
144. It can amplify an optical signal without converting in into oscillator circuit, and
electrical form. (d) Enables amplification of the applied signal by
ANSWER: Optical amplifiers making use of the energy from the pumping action.

145. Fiber optics has greatly increased both capacity and reliability Note: Paramps with a variable-capacitance main-
of submarine cables. oscillator semiconductor diode are used in radar tracking
and communications Earth stations, Earth satellite
146. The stability of a superheterodyne receiver depends directly on stations, and deep-space stations. The noise temperature
that of a __________. of paramps cooled to the temperature of liquid helium,
ANSWER: local oscillator about 5 K, is in the range of 20 to 30 K. Paramp gains are
about 40 dB.
147. Contention
Definitions (1)
It is a condition that arises when two or more data stations
attempt to transmit at the same time over a shared channel, or
when two data stations attempt to transmit at the same time in
two-way alternate communication. Note: A contention can
occur in data communications when no station is designated a
master station. In contention, each station must monitor the
signals and wait for a quiescent condition before initiating a bid
for master status.
Definitions (2)
It is a competition by users of a system for use of the same
facility at the same time. Synonym: access contention.

148. It is a standardized, if relatively lossy, file format for

transporting, storing, and/or displaying data representing still
images and graphical data
ANSWER: J-PEG or JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts
group)

149. Three point tracking is achieved with ___________.

ANSWER: padder capacitor

150. In a ferrite, rotation of axis of rotation of the electron.

ANSWER: Precession

151. The operating frequency of klystrons and magnetrons is

determined by
ANSWER: cavity resonators

152. Coax is not used beyond frequencies of about __________

GHz.
ANSWER: 6

153. The beamwidth of a helical antenna is usually in the range of

__________.
12 to 45 degrees

154. Analog telephone signals are frequency-division multiplexed

using SSBSC AM, with approximately ANSWER: 4 KHz of
bandwidth allocated to each voice channels.

155. Digital telephone signal are time-division multiplexed with a

data rate of
ANSWER: 64 kb/s per voice channels

156. Parametric amplifier (Paramp):

It is an amplifier that
(a) Has a very low noise level.