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Experiment 7 Diagram

The document describes an experiment using a broad-crested weir accessory unit to determine flow rates at different water heights and compare actual and theoretical volumetric flow rates. The objectives are listed as determining flow rates over different weir heights, comparing theoretical to actual values, and comparing actual and theoretical volumetric flow. The experiment involves assigning flow rates using a flow meter, measuring upstream and downstream water heights, recording data in a table, and analyzing the results to draw conclusions.

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artemio john clave
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501 views

Experiment 7 Diagram

The document describes an experiment using a broad-crested weir accessory unit to determine flow rates at different water heights and compare actual and theoretical volumetric flow rates. The objectives are listed as determining flow rates over different weir heights, comparing theoretical to actual values, and comparing actual and theoretical volumetric flow. The experiment involves assigning flow rates using a flow meter, measuring upstream and downstream water heights, recording data in a table, and analyzing the results to draw conclusions.

Uploaded by

artemio john clave
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Experiment No.

7
Broad-Crested Weir Accessory

Objective (s):
1. To determine the flow rate in different heights.
2. To obtain the value of the deviation between the theoretical and the actual.
3. To compare the actual and theoretical volumetric flow.

Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs):


At the end of this experiment the student shall be able to:
 Properly operate the HM 160.31 (Broad Crested Weir Accessory) Apparatus.
 Compare the theoretical and calculated volumetric flow
Introduction:

The HM 160.31 broad-crested weir accessory unit serves to demonstrate hydraulic processes in weirs and barrage
systems in relation to overflow weirs (complete overflows) and overflowed underwater weirs (incomplete overflows).
Reproducible experiments of a qualitative and quantitative nature can be performed.

The broad crested weir gate has a square edge on one side and a rounded angle on the other. By appropriate
positioning of the flow, the flow burble as a function of the rounding of the edge can be investigated.

The following topics can be covered with the accessory unit:

- Inflow and outflow processes on the broad-crested weir.


- Comparison of complete and incomplete overflow
- Flow burble and cavitation
- Flow metering on the broad-crested weir
- Borderline between subcritical and supercritical flow states on the broad-crested weir.

Unit Description:

This is made from robust plastic and can be inserted very easily into the HM160 laboratory flow channel and fixed by
a screw. The broad-crested weir is adapted to the laboratory flow channel in terms of its shape and size.

Components:

The overflow weir comprises the following components:

1. Weir body
2. Hexagon socket screw

Plastic sealing tube

Theory and Experiments:

The term weir or barrage system covers all installations in the bed of a water course intended to bring about an artificial
raising of the upstream water level. Upstream water is the segment of the water course between the barrage system
and the inlet; the segment downstream of the barrage system is termed the downstream water.

A barrier serving primarily to raise the upstream water level is termed weir. If it is constructed to hold water and to
compensate for the outflow, it is termed a dam or barrage.

This purpose is important wherever the natural gradient of the river is to be exploited for power generation. If water is
conducted away from the course of the river in artificial channels, fluctuations in the natural water level are to be
prevented from affecting the channels, in order to ensure the amount of water removed is kept as constant as possible.
Design of Weirs

In an actual case, the decisive factor in constructing a fixed weir in a river course will be the overflow height h of the
weir. H must be measured at a sufficient distance l from the weir (l>4h). if the structure height w and the weir opening
width b are fixed, the hydraulic calculation is reduced to the equation h= f(Q). the through-flow Q indicates the efficiency
of the overflow at an overflow height h.

For the complete overflow, neglecting the inflow speed in the upstream water, an overflow formula is produced which
indicates the through-flow Q

2
𝑄 = 𝜇𝑏√2𝑔. ℎ3/2
3

u- overflow coeff, dependent on shape of structure

b- width of the weir m

g- acceleration due to gravity

h- overflow height in m.

The broad-crested weir has already been quite thoroughly investigated by researchers. The top of the weir corresponds
to a channel inlet while the bottom corresponds to an overflow. The object of the following is to ascertain the through-
flow of the weir, assuming a complete overflow by applying the overflow formula.

Procedures

1. Assign designated values of Q through flow meter.


2. Allow the free flow of the system.
3. Measure the upstream and downstream height.
4. Record the data.
DATA

H (cm) Theoretical Volumetric Flow 𝑚3 /h Actual Volumetric Flow 𝑚3 /h Deviation (%)

-8

Graph:
Flow Schematic Diagram:

BROAD-CRESTED WEIR
ACCESSORY EXPERIMENT

ASSIGN DESIGNATED
VALUES OF Q THROUGH
FLOW METER.

ALLOW THE FREE


FLOW OF THE
SYSTEM.

MEASURE THE
UPSTREAM AND
DOWNSTREAM HEIGHT

RECORD THE
DATA
Observation:

NARC PAUL EGANA

I observed that the flow rate of the water through the flume differs at every height of the barrage or the weir.
The water level also increases as the weir height increases. The object of the following is to ascertain the through-flow
of the weir, assuming a complete overflow by applying the overflow formula.

Conclusion:

NARC PAUL A. EGANA

As a conclusion, if the weir crest is sufficiently long, the depth must eventually
again approach the critical on the weir crest as the flow continues to decelerate with increased distance from the
entrance. At this critical value, the specific head is the minimum at which this rate of flow is physically possible. A
further energy loss, of necessity, causes an adjustment of depth and leads to the formation of a standing-wave
pattern typical of flow at or near critical depth.

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