Scribd
Upload
54 views

Student Outcomes (Sos) Addressed by The Activity: Mechanics of Fluid Laboratory Manual

This document describes an experiment to determine the center of pressure on a horizontal plane when a hydrostatic pressure vessel is tilted at 90 degrees. The objectives are to determine the center of pressure and moment arms, and to calculate and compare the actual and theoretical hydrostatic forces. Students will set up the apparatus, take water level and moment arm measurements, balance the apparatus with weights, and calculate the actual and theoretical hydrostatic forces to compare them. The document provides background on hydrostatic pressure principles, equipment used, step-by-step procedures, expected outcomes, and sample calculations.

Uploaded by

Rainier Ramos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
54 views

Student Outcomes (Sos) Addressed by The Activity: Mechanics of Fluid Laboratory Manual

This document describes an experiment to determine the center of pressure on a horizontal plane when a hydrostatic pressure vessel is tilted at 90 degrees. The objectives are to determine the center of pressure and moment arms, and to calculate and compare the actual and theoretical hydrostatic forces. Students will set up the apparatus, take water level and moment arm measurements, balance the apparatus with weights, and calculate the actual and theoretical hydrostatic forces to compare them. The document provides background on hydrostatic pressure principles, equipment used, step-by-step procedures, expected outcomes, and sample calculations.

Uploaded by

Rainier Ramos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Mechanics of Fluid Laboratory Manual

EXPERIMENT 10: DETERMINING CENTER OF PRESSURE WITH 90o VESSEL

10.1. Student Outcomes (SOs) Addressed by the Activity

a. ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data
b. ability to function on multidisciplinary teams

10.2. Activity’s Intended Learning Outcomes (AILOs)


At the end of this experiment the student shall be able to:
a. Describe how the hydrostatic pressure apparatus works
b. Compute for the hydrostatic force acting on a horizontal plane
c. Compare the computed actual value of hydrostatic force from the hydrostatic pressure
apparatus to the value that can be computed using the hydrostatic force formula

10.3. Objectives of the Activity


The objective of this activity is to:
a. Determine the center of pressure on a horizontal plane of the hydrostatic pressure
apparatus; and the moment arms of the counter weight and the hydrostatic force
b. Calculate the hydrostatic force acting on a horizontal plane and compare it with the
value that can be computed using the hydrostatic force formula

10.4. Principle of the Activity

The computation of hydrostatic forces exerted on a plane surface is one of the most important
applications of fluid static. It is of most importance in quantifying the forces that will be exerted
upon both the natural and man-made structures.

The last experiment that needs the use of hydrostatic pressure apparatus involves the determination
of hydrostatic force while the vessel is tilted at 90o. In this case, the hydrostatic pressure is equal at
every point on the active surface. The center of pressure C lies precisely at the planar center of
force D of the active surface. Below is the formula for determining the hydrostatic force acting on
a plane surface.

𝑒=0

𝐼𝐷 = 150𝑚𝑚

e is the distance of center of pressure from the center of force of the active surface

REVISION STATUS/DATE 1/November 2017


ID is the moment arm of the hydrostatic force from the hinge

Figure 10.1: Determining the center of pressure when the vessel is tilted at 90o

To get the hydrostatic force

𝑓 𝑥 𝐼𝐷 = 𝑊 𝑥 𝐼

f is the hydrostatic force acting on the active surface


W is the counter weight
I is the moment arm of the counter weight from the hinge

10.5. Materials/Equipment
1 unit Hydrostatic pressure apparatus
1 unit Water
1 Set Weights

10.6. Procedures
1. Set the water level vessel to an angle of 90o using the detent.
2. Counterbalance the unit with the rotating slider. The top pin must be precisely in the
middle of the hole.
3. Fill the vessel with the desired amount of water
4. Mount the rider and set the lever arm on the scale. Attach weights until the apparatus
is balance.
5. Calculate the hydrostatic force acting on the horizontal surface and compare it using
the hydrostatic force formula.
6. Repeat the procedures above with different water level in able to gather three trials.

REVISION STATUS/DATE 1/November 2017


10.7. Activity Report

Group No.: 2 Course: Fluids Lab


Group Contacto, Myles Section: V212
Members: Cruz, Christian Activity No.: 10
Cruz, Mervin Date Performed: 10/27/18
Delos Reyes, Mark Date Submitted: 11/11/18
Estores, Roy Michael Ramos Instructor: Engr. Velasco

10.7.1. Data and Results

Table 10.1: Data of hydrostatic forces when the vessel is tilted at 90o
ID I Weights fACTUAL fTHEORETICAL
Trial Water Level % error
(m) (m) (N) (N) (N)
1 220 mm 0.159 m 0.190 m 1N 1.19 1.62 26.54
2 230 mm 0.152 m 0.28 m 1N 1.84 1.69 6.5
3 240 mm 0.150 m 0.207 m 2N 2.76 1.77 56.82

10.8. Calculation

Trial 1
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
FXID=WXI
𝑊𝐼
F= 𝐼𝐷

1(190)
= 159
=1.19
𝐹𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙
F=yhA
=9810(220)(75X100)
=1.62 N

𝑓𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑜−𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡
%error= 𝑓𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑜

1.62−1.19
= 𝑋100
1.62

=26.54

Trial 2
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
FXID=WXI

REVISION STATUS/DATE 1/November 2017


𝑊𝐼
F= 𝐼𝐷

1(280)
= 152
=1.8
𝐹𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙
F=yhA
=9810(230)(75X100)
=1.69 N

𝑓𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑜−𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡
%error= 𝑓𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑜

1.69−1.8
= 𝑋100
1.69

=6.5

Trial 3
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
FXID=WXI
𝑊𝐼
F= 𝐼𝐷

1(207)
= 150
=2.76
𝐹𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙
F=yhA
=9810(240)(75X100)
=1.76 N

𝑓𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑜−𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡
%error= 𝑓𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑜

1.76−2.76
= 𝑋100
1.76

=56.82

REVISION STATUS/DATE 1/November 2017


10.9. Documentation

REVISION STATUS/DATE 1/November 2017


10.10. Observation and Conclusion

In the experiment we conducted, the purpose of it is to Determine the center of pressure


on a horizontal plane of the hydrostatic pressure apparatus; and the moment arms of the counter
weight and the hydrostatic force. Also, calculating the hydrostatic force acting on a horizontal
plane and compare it with the value that can be computed using the hydrostatic force formula.
The formula will be a magnitude equal to the pressure multiply with the area.

I can say that, the hydrostatic pressure will be greater as the instrument tilted higher
relative to the moment arm. In able to perform the experiment, first set the water level vessel to
an angle of 90 using the detent. Then, counterbalance the unit with the rotating slider. The top pin
must be precisely in the middle of the hole. Next, fill the vessel with the desired amount of water.
After that, mount the rider and set the lever arm on the scale. Attach weights until the apparatus is
balance. Lastly, calculate the hydrostatic force acting on the horizontal surface and compare it
using the hydrostatic force formula. The laboratory is appropriate to perform the experiment
because it is spacious. When it comes to precautions, just be careful to the hydrostatic pressure
apparatus and weights. The weights are heavy enough to break the tiles and hurt your foot when it
fell.

After the experiment we conducted, I must say that it has a huge hydrostatic pressure due
to its volume and how much the instrument tilted. According to the data we gathered, it resulted
into a huge hydrostatic force because of the water level and how much it tilted. By following the
procedures above, we are also able to perform the experiment keenly and carefully. In performing
this experiment, you must be patient and meticulous in reading the results because it might lead
you to parallax that affects you in gathering inconsistency of data.

10.11. References

Franzini, J. B., & Finnemore, E. J. (2002). Fluid mechanics with engineering applications (10th
ed.) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Hydrostatic Pressure in Liquids (2014). Retrieved from


http://www.gunt.de/networks/gunt/sites/s1/mmcontent/produktbilder/07015005/Datenblatt/07015
005%202.pdf

REVISION STATUS/DATE 1/November 2017

You might also like