International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

ARDUINO BASED ENTRANCE MONITORING SYSTEM USING RFID AND

REAL TIME CONTROL
SEJAL SARVANKAR1, PRIYANKA SAVADEKAR2, AISHWARYA ROKADE3, PROF. NEELIMA NIKAM4

Dept. of computer engineering Y.T.I.E.T. karjat - 410201

1,2,3,4

---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract—The system proposed is a door unlocking system describe the basic working of the system along with
containing multiple doors any of which can be used to access a snapshots of the actual webpage created. It will explain how
certain zone e.g. a laboratory or library. The system is a serial is being sent depending on the number stored in the
implemented using a central server which contains a central RFID tag and the door from which it is accessed. Finally, in
database gathering all the information about the authorized the conclusion the advantages of the system over the ones in
personnel. The hardware components required are RFID market already are discussed and also improvements are
reader, passive RFID tags, an Arduino microcontroller. suggested.
Software assistance of Arduino IDE and Processing
Development Environment (PDE) are required for control. LITERATURE REVIEW
There is also provision for real-time monitoring of users’
activities i.e. entry and exit. This is made possible by automatic Previous works has been mainly on Home Automation
synchronization of the system with a secured webpage via systems which have higher costs due to added sophistication
internet and offline system. like speech recognition [1], face recognition [2] [3], internet
access at all the door, etc. Yong Tae Park et al [3] proposed a
Index Terms— Internet of Things (IoT); Arduino; RFID; RFID based door lock system using ZigBee module for
door unlocking system; secure access; real time control exchanging information. Md. Nasimuzzaman Chowdhury et
al [4] introduced the feature of remote access via internet
INTRODUCTION but the main constraint was also the cost.

We are living in 21st century the traditional system of 3. PROBLEM DEFINITION

attendance is pen paper mode but in such high-tech world it
is not much useful and difficult to maintain the system as All of the door opening system use traditional ways such as
well as we are not able to monitor it from long distances lock and keys, latches, passcode or password locks .It
Nowadays we use door keys to open the door locks also we encounters number of limitations that is , access is not time
use passcode to open some doors as well as fingerprint and based and id based. Due to this we are following drawbacks.
RFID are also available but we are not able to monitor them.
Manual control can be used in offices, laboratories and 1. No Time Limitations
libraries where it is essential to keep a record of the people
entering and exiting. But manual control is not capable of it Persons having access enter at any time they want and exit
so we developed below system which can monitor the access at anytime they want. This causes lack of master’s eye on
over the miles through internet. The system proposed can be ongoing activities and entries.
basically used for offices, laboratories and libraries where it
is essential to keep a record of the people entering and 2. Anyone Can Enter
exiting. Research on home automation systems include
several such sophisticated systems. It has often been seen In traditional systems there are no limitations on who can
that sometimes it becomes necessary for the supervisor of a enter only manual control (security guards) are available.
particular office or lab or library needs to monitor the people
coming in or going out immediately when it happens. In line SCOPE
with this thought an automatic attendance system along with
secure access through RFID door locking is proposed. The The focus is on implementation of arduino based door
log is automatically updated in a dedicated webpage and unlocking system with real time control and implementing
hence can be accessed from anywhere and from any device security system to avoid illegal and wrong time access.
supporting internet. The main focus is to design a simple, The hardware implementation would enable the project to
cheap system which can be installed easily and also can be be used in real time practical condition.
fully customized based on application specific requirements.
The rest of the project is structured as follows. First, the
PROPOSED SYSTEM
hardware components required is described and then a brief
introduction of the system is given followed by a flowchart
The central database contains all the information of the
and a block diagram of the proposed system. Then we
authorized users say their names, occupation, age and the

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3098
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

serials which are written within their RFID cards or tags. The shutdown the whole system is shut downed and no one can
users are uniquely identified by the server by the serial enter unless and until master turns on the system again
assigned to card. When a new user is first registered to the
system new serial is generated randomly and is burnt to the Methodology
new card using RFID reader. Next time when this user
approaches to enter through door the new serial is XAMPP is a free and open source cross-platform web
processed in the same manner as it is already included in the server solution stack package developed by Apache
central database. When a user comes to entry point only the Friends,[2] consisting mainly of the Apache HTTP
serial number is fetched from the card and it is checked that Server, MariaDB database, and interpreters for scripts
whether the serial is an authorized one or not. If the serial is written in the PHP and Perl programming languages. XAMPP
authorized the entry request is accepted by the server. stands for Cross-Platform (X), Apache (A), MariaDB (M), PHP
Accordingly, the door at that particular entry point is (P) and Perl (P). It is a simple, lightweight Apache
unlocked and after a specified time delay it is locked again distribution that makes it extremely easy for developers to
giving some time to the user to enter. But if the serial is create a local web server for testing and deployment
unauthorized access to that door is denied with an alarming purposes. Everything needed to set up a web server – server
sound (sound not included in the prototype). This entry-exit application (Apache), database (MariaDB), and scripting
information is also stored in the central database in the form language (PHP) – is included in an extractable file. XAMPP is
of a log file with date, time and door number. The system can also cross-platform, which means it works equally well on
also be controlled manually for any emergency or at the time Linux, Mac and Windows. Since most actual web server
of any disaster such as fire or earthquake. Two buttons are deployments use the same components as XAMPP, it makes
provided at the server terminal one for manual opening and transitioning from a local test server to a live server
another for manual closing of all the doors at a time. There extremely easy as well
is also an online monitoring system. This allows the in
charge of the system to monitor the check-in activities of the Algorithm
users as well as to control the status of each and individual
door even when the person is out of station or out of that Algorithm 1: Operation of DOOR Arduino for processing
zone. RFID card information
1. get message from server
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
2. if message==0
3. unlock door
4. go to 22
5. else if message==1
6. lock door
7. go to 22
8. else if message==2
9. normal operation resumed
10. else
11. look for new card
12. if card found
13. read id from a specific block of the card
SYSTEM ANALYASIS 14. write door number to another block
15. serial=door number + id
People for long time have tried to sort out the problems
faced in the unlocking and locking system but as these 16. send serial to server
problems exists even now a secured and easy unlocking 17. get response from server
system is been evolved and done more effectively. The
18. if response==door number
advantages are every individual free to access the system
only with owners permission given through network. 19. unlock door
20. else
In this system , only master user can send the commands to
the system and thus can establish communication and 21. keep door locked
perform the prescribed tasks in secured fashion. The various 22. go to 1
slave users of the system can be connected to a single master 23. end
in a secured formal. Also when the master gives the order of

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3099
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Algorithm 2: Operations of SERVER Arduino HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIRMENTS

1. get door status from processing (if changed)
HARDWARE
2. if door status=’Open’
3. send 0 to door 1. Arduino UNO Microcontroller
4. else if door status=’Closed’
Arduino UNO is used to control the operations of RFID
5. send 1 to door reader at the doors as well as the transmitters and receivers.
6. else if door status=’Normal’ Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board which is based on
the ATMEGA 328P [5]. It has 14 digital Input /Output pins, 6
7. send 2 to door Analog Input/ Output pins, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB
8. get serial from door connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button.
It also includes: Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which
9. send serial to processing
0.5 KB used by bootloader, SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)
10. receive verdict from processing EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328). [6]
11. if verdict=door number
2. RFID Reader and Tag
12. send door number to door
13. else if verdict=0 A RFID reader needs to be installed at all the doors. It reads
information on the “tag”. Here we used a MFRC522 RFID
14. send 0 to door reader [7] with a S50 Fudan card [8]. The reader has an
15. go to 1 operating frequency of 13.56MHz and the maximum data
transfer rate is 10Mbit / s.
16. end

Algorithm 3: Processing algorithm for authorization and 3.ESP8266 WIFI Module

synchronization with web server
 ESP8266 is used to upload data from arduino to
1. obtain database from website web server through wifi. The ESP8266 is a low-
2. obtain door status from website cost Wi-Fi chip with full TCP/IP stack and MCU
(microcontroller unit) capability produced by
3. if door status=’Open’ Shanghai-based Chinese manufacturer, Espressif
4. send ‘Open’ to server Arduino Systems.[1]
5. else if door status=’Closed’
 The chip first came to the attention of
6. send ‘Closed’ to server Arduino western makers in August 2014 with the ESP-01
7. else if door status=’Normal’ module, made by a third-party manufacturer, AI-
Thinker. This small module allows microcontrollers
8. send ‘Normal’ to server Arduino to connect to a Wi-Fi network and Imake simple
9. receive serial from server Arduino TCP/IP connections using Hayes-style commands.
However, at the time there was almost no English-
10. retrieve door number and id from serial language documentation on the chip and the
11. check in database for match commands it accepted.[2]The very low price and the
fact that there were very few external components
12. if matches
on the module which suggested that it could
13. send verdict=door number to server Arduino eventually be very inexpensive.
14. save data to log file
SOFTWARE
15. upload log file to webpage
16. else  Arduino IDE :- Integrated development
environment
17. send verdict=0 to server Arduino
The software is based on c/c++
18. go to 1
It consists of two functions mainly
19. end
Setup():-this function called once when sketch starts after
power up or reset.
Loop():-after setup() has been called ,it executes repeatedly
in main program

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3100
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

 Xamp server locking systems are dedicated for controlling a single door
whereas this system can be installed to control even a
XAMPP is a free and open source cross-platformweb multistoried building if adequate number of intermediate
server solution stack package developed by Apache nodes are introduced. It is also a low cost system. It uses Wi-
Friends,consisting mainly of the Apache HTTP Server Fi for transmission and receiving of data.
MariaDB database, and interpreters for scripts written
in the PHP and Perl programming languages. XAMPP REFERENCE
stands for Cross-Platform (X), Apache (A), MariaDB (M),
PHP (P) and Perl (P). It is a simple, lightweight Apache [1]http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7917989/
distribution that makes it extremely easy for developers
to create a local web server for testing and deployment [2] T. Kwak and S. Moon, “A Digital Doorlock with Voice
purposes. Everything needed to set up a web server – Recognition” in Proceedings of KIIT Spring Conference, vol.
server application (Apache), database (MariaDB), and 2012, no. 5, (2012), pp. 345-348.
scripting language (PHP) – XAMPP is also cross-
platform, which means it works equally well on Linux, [3] Ilkyu Ha, “Security and Usability Improvement on a
Mac and Windows Digital Door Lock System based on Internet of Things” , in
International Journal of Security and Its Applications,Vol.9,
 Processing No.8 (2015), pp.45-54

Processing is Open Source Software. The PDE [4] Yong Tae Park, Pranesh Sthapit, Jae-Young Pyun, “Smart
(Processing Development Environment) is released digital door lock for the home automation” TENCON 2009 -
under the GNU GPL (General Public License). The export 2009 IEEE Region 10 Conference, 23-26 Jan, 2009
libraries (also known as 'core') are released under the
[5] Md. Nasimuzzaman Chowdhury, Md. Shiblee Nooman,
GNU LGPL (Lesser General Public License).
Srijon Sarker. , “Access Control of Door and Home Security
by Raspberry Pi Through Internet”, International Journal of
APPLICATIONS Scientific and Engineering Research 4(11) · November 2013
It will also used to monitor the access to door.
It can reduced chances of entry of tracepasser(unknown
person)
It can avoid time consumption of manual attendance records
It improves whole system by making it online and high-tech
It helps to find who and when accessed the system

CONCLUSION

Attendance monitoring technology become a new frontier

in case of security and its dependability.Each area needs to
be exclusively programmed. Maintanance is bit costly than
traditional system but it is negligible in front of its features.
Our system confirms high accuracy and we are confident
about its success. However further research and
development in this management system could bring that
extra edge. So far we have made this system to ease and
monitor security systems knowing about human identities
would make it more artificially intelligent. The system has
many advantages. It is easy to install. Here we can remotely
control the status of the door as well as check the Entry/Exit
logs. Since the size of the database depends on the memory
capabilities of the server a large number RFID tags can be
registered for use. Also, full customization of the system is
available (for example, if we want the Security Personnel to
be allowed entry between 6pm-9pm, it can be programed
accordingly). Also, Fire control can be provided to unlock all
the doors in case of emergency. Range can be extended by
using intermediate nodes. Commercially available RFID

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3101